2019届一轮复习译林版选修七Unit2Fitforlife单元学案设计（31页）

2019届一轮复习译林版选修七Unit2Fitforlife单元学案设计（31页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版选修七Unit 2Fit for life单元学案设计 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．*acupuncture n．　　　　 针刺疗法 ‎2．needle n. 针，针头；指针 ‎3．surgeon n. 外科医师 ‎4．operating theatre n. 手术室 ‎5．lifesaving adj. 救命的，救生的 ‎6．revolution n. 巨变，大变革；革命；旋转，天体运行 ‎7．cupboard n. 橱柜；食物柜；衣柜 ‎8．counter n. 柜台；计数器；反驳 vt. 反驳；抵制，抵消 ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎9．*aspirin n．　　　　　 阿司匹林 ‎10．*penicillin n. 盘尼西林，青霉素 ‎11．*salicylic acid n. 水杨酸 ‎12．acid n. 酸，酸性物质 adj. 酸的，酸性的；酸味的；尖酸的 ‎13．tablet n. 药片；丸；牌，匾，碑 ‎14．*stroke n. 中风，脑溢血；(打、击等的)一下，一击；轻 抚；笔画 vt. 轻抚，抚摩 ‎15．blood sugar n. 血糖　‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎16．*diabetes n．　　　　 糖尿病 ‎17．*mould n. 霉，霉菌 ‎18．mass adj. 大规模的；数量极多的 n. 一团，一堆；许多；(物理)质量 ‎19．mass production n. 批量生产 ‎20．symptom n. 症状；征兆 ‎21．outcome n. 结果，后果 ‎22．dull adj. 钝的，不锋利的；迟钝的；枯燥的；灰暗的，昏暗的 ‎23．pressure point n. 压觉点，止血点 ‎24．sword n. 剑，刀 ‎25．swell vi. & vt. 肿胀，膨胀；(使)凸出，鼓起 ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎26．*acupuncturist n. 　 针灸师，针疗医师 ‎27．stainless adj. 不生锈的 ‎28．stainless steel n. 不锈钢 ‎29．complex adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群；相关联的一组事物；情结 ‎30．pulse n. 脉，脉搏；脉冲 ‎31．heartbeat n. 心跳 ‎32．wrist n. 手腕，腕关节 ‎33．organ n. 器官；管风琴，风琴；机构，团体 ‎34．alcoholic n. 酒鬼 adj. 酒精的，含酒精的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎1．chemist n．　　　　　 药剂师，药商；化学家 ‎2．beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 ‎3．chew vi. & vt. 咀嚼，嚼碎；咬，啃 ‎4．possess vt. 拥有，具有 ‎5．bestselling adj. 畅销的 ‎6．vital adj. 对……极重要的，必不可少的 ‎7．potential n. 可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能 adj. 潜在的，可能的 ‎8．heart_attack n. 心脏病发作　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎9．circulate vi. & vt.　　 循环；传播，散布；传递，传阅 ‎10．abnormal adj. 不正常的，反常的 ‎11．astonish vt. 使十分惊讶，使吃惊 ‎12．application n. 应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷 ‎13．unable adj. 不能，无法 ‎14．effective adj. 有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的 ‎15．approval n. 批准，通过；赞成，同意 ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎16．accelerate vt. & vi.　 (使)加速，加快 ‎17．sickness n. 疾病；恶心，呕吐 ‎18．bleed vi. 流血，失血 ‎19．reasonable adj. 合理的，有理由的；公道的；明智的 ‎20．applaud vi. & vt. 鼓掌；称赞，赞许 ‎21．arrangement n. 排列，布置；安排；约定，协议 ‎22．sharp adj. 锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；尖锐的，严厉的 ‎23．addicted adj. 上瘾；入迷 ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎24．theory n．　　　 　　 理论，学说 ‎25．phenomenon n. 现象 ‎26．relate vt. & vi.　　 联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述 ‎27．subscribe vi. 定期订购或订阅 ‎28．try_out 测试，试验；参加选拔 ‎29．wear_somebody_out 使筋疲力尽；使厌烦 ‎30．let_out 放出，发出 ‎31．swell_up 肿胀，膨胀 ‎32．subscribe_to 同意，赞成 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识记单词写 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.symptom n．　　症状；征兆 ‎2.complex adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群；相关联的一组事物；情结 ‎3.revolution n. 巨变，大变革；革命 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.phenomenon n．　现象 ‎2.bestselling adj. 畅销的 ‎3.approval n. 批准，通过；‎ 赞成，同意 对 ‎4.surgeon n. 外科医师 ‎5.outcome n. 结果，后果 ‎6.alcoholic n. 　酒鬼 adj. 酒精的，含酒精的 ‎7.mass adj. 大规模的；数量极多的 n. 一团，一堆；许多；(物理)质量 ‎8.swell vi.&vt. 肿胀，膨胀；(使)凸出，鼓起 ‎ ‎9.acid n. 酸，酸性物质 adj. 酸的；酸味的 ‎4.unable adj. 不能，无法 ‎5.bleed vi. 流血，失血 核心单词练通 ‎1.Support from those closest to you is vital (至关重要的) in these trying times.‎ ‎2.What she possesses(拥有) is the ability to get straight to the core of a problem.‎ ‎3.We are aware of the potential (潜在的) problems and have taken every precaution (预防)．‎ ‎4.In my mind, switching from coal to gas is a good decision, which is beneficial (有益的) to energy conservation and environment protection. ‎ ‎5.Poor educational performance is related (有关的) to emotional disturbance.‎ ‎6.My main reason for subscribing (订阅) to New Scientist is to keep in touch with advances in science.‎ ‎7.The police stopped the car and they were astonished (吃惊的) to find the driver was a sixyearold boy.‎ ‎8.Think carefully before you insure against accident, sickness (疾病) and redundancy.‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.chemist n．药剂师，药商；化学家→chemistry n．化学→chemical adj.化学的 ‎ ‎2.circulate vi.& vt.循环；传播；传递；传阅→circulation n．循环；传播 ‎3.effective adj.有效的；实际的；生效的→effect n．效果，作用；影响 ‎4.abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的→normal adj.正常的 ‎5.application n．应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷→apply vt.应用，使用 vi.申请，请求→applicant n．申请人 ‎6.accelerate vt.& vi.(使)加速，加快→acceleration n．加快；增速 ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.The drug is so addictive that he is addicted to it. Therefore, it's hard for him to get rid of the addiction to it.(addict)‎ ‎2.The expert said relievers are a safe and effective medicine and have very few side effects on your body.(effect)‎ ‎3.Some parents are always arranging everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success, but are the arrangements really good to them？(arrange)‎ ‎4.The famous chemist denied in his chemistry report that it was the waste ‎ ‎7.reasonable adj.合理的；公道的→reasonably adv.合乎逻辑地，明智地→reason n．原因，理由vt.推理 ‎8.applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌；称赞，赞许→applause n．鼓掌，喝彩 ‎9.sharp adj.锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；尖锐的，严厉的→sharpen vt.& vi.(使)变得锋利，变得清晰；使尖锐→sharply adv.锋利地；急剧地；尖锐地，严厉地 ‎10.arrangement n．排列，布置；安排；约定，协议→arrange v．安排 ‎11.addicted adj.上瘾；入迷→addict v．使沉溺，使入迷n.吸毒成瘾的人，对……入迷的人→addiction n．瘾；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的 water from the chemical factory that polluted the underground water in this area.(chemistry) ‎ ‎5.Everyone applauded the instant the Nobel Prize winner appeared on the stage accompanied by the chairman. The entire hall was filled with applause.(applaud) ‎ ‎6.“In order to make a pencil sharp,_you need to sharpen it.”Mother told her son gently not sharply.(sharp)‎ ‎7.To apply for the good job, the applicant was filling in his application form carefully.(apply)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.攻克“un前缀”高频词 ‎①unable　　不能的 ‎②unimportant 不重要的 ‎③unlucky 不幸运的 ‎④unfortunate 不幸运的 ‎⑤unpleasant 令人不愉快的 ‎⑥unexpectedly 没有预料到地 ‎⑦undoubtedly 毫无疑问地 ‎⑧unlike 不像……‎ ‎⑨unfair 不公平的 ‎2.mass搭配点点记 ‎①a mass of　　许多；大量 ‎②be a mass of 充满；布满 ‎③in the mass 总体上 ‎④the masses 人民群众 ‎3．“学科”词汇集合 ‎①chemistry 化学 ‎②agriculture 农业(学)‎ ‎③economy 经济(学)‎ ‎④ecology 生态(学)‎ ‎⑤geography 地理(学)‎ ‎⑥literature 文学 ‎4.速记成对反义词 ‎① ‎② ‎③ ‎④ ‎⑤ ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.try_out　测试，试验；参加选拔 ‎2.wear_sb._out 使筋疲力尽；使厌烦 ‎3.be_addicted_to 对……上瘾/成瘾 ‎　　Mike is one of my workmates. On weekends, he ①was_addicted_to studying new skills and didn't have a rest. On ‎ ‎4.be_aware_of 意识到 ‎5.mass_production 批量生产 ‎6.open_up 打开 weekdays he was busy with ②trying_out some new cars developed in the factory. As a result, he ③wore_himself_out and fell ill. Now he has ④been_aware_of his mistakes and understands one should learn to mix work with adequate rest.‎ 第二组 ‎1.let_out　　　　　　放出，发出 ‎2.swell_up 肿胀，膨胀 ‎3.due_to 由于，因为 ‎4.block_..._from_... 阻止……‎ ‎5.in_large_quantities 大量地 ‎6._be_connected_with 和……有联系 ‎7.carry_out 执行，实施 ‎　　I hurt my knee when playing basketball ①due_to carelessness. It hurt so much that I ②let_out a shout, which made everyone astonished and frightened.I lay on the ground at once and after a while, it was beginning to ③swell_up. Then my friends sent me to the hospital.Luckily, my bones haven't been damaged.‎ 第三组 ‎1.subscribe_to　　　　同意，赞成 ‎2.relate_..._to_... 把……与……相联系 ‎3.play_an_important_role_in 在……中起重要作用 ‎4.pick_out 挑选，挑出 ‎5.look_out_for 当心；留心 ‎6.fade_away 逐渐消失 ‎7.be_cautious_about 对……小心谨慎 ‎　　When it comes to genius, we always ①relate genius to cleverness. And people usually think the success of genius results from cleverness. However, I definitely ②subscribe_to the success being 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration. Perspiration ③plays_an_important_role_in the success.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“v.＋out”短语集锦 ‎①try out　　 测试，试验 ‎②run out 用光，耗尽 ‎③give out 分发，耗尽，用光 ‎④break out 爆发，发生 ‎⑤make out 理解，辨认出 ‎⑥work out 制定，解决，结果 ‎2.走进“be＋adj.＋to”短语圈 ‎①be addicted to　　对……上瘾 ‎②be accessible to 容易接近，易到达 ‎③be equal to 与……相等 ‎④be familiar to 被(人)熟知 ‎⑤be sensitive to 对……敏感 ‎⑥be thankful to 对……感激 ‎3.“与……有关”种种表达 ‎①be related to ‎②be relevant to ‎③have sth.to do with ‎④be concerned with ‎ ‎⑤be involved in ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.Have you ever seen a doctor? If so, what happened？‎ 你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？‎ 省略结构：if so意为“如果是这样的话”。‎ 你想参加吗？如果是这样，请去学生会办公室报名，办公室在教学楼二楼。‎ ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文) ‎ Would you like to join? If_so,_please go to sign up at the Student Union office, which is on the second floor of the Teaching Building.‎ ‎2.If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin. ‎ 倘若你打开世界上任何一个药柜或去任何一家药店的柜台，都很有可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。‎ It is likely that ...为固定句型，意为“很可能……”。‎ 一旦报名，你很可能会成为我们学校乒乓球队的新成员。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ写作佳句) ‎ Once you sign up for it, it_is_likely_that you will be a new member of our school table tennis team.‎ ‎3. Some acupuncturists insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has. ‎ 一些针灸医师在疾病感染的身体患病处或在患病处附近扎针，而另外一些则根据病人的病症选择扎针的位置。‎ while是并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比。 ‎ 一些人从中获益，而另一些人则很迷茫，不知道应该给谁投票。(2016·江苏高考写作佳句) ‎ Some people benefit from it, while_others_feel_puzzled_at who to vote.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Mr. White possessed a farm in the countryside. ❶When_asked_about_his_dream,_he said he would earn money to build a school in the village. As a child, he liked music. He got absolutely great potential while he couldn't afford the fees. ❷ ________(unlucky), no one could help him then, and he dropped out of school. ❸ ________， he thinks it is vital that every child should have a chance to go to shool.‎ ‎1.①处为状语从句的省略，完整的句子应是When_he_was_asked_about_his_dream。‎ ‎2.②处用所给词的适当形式填空Unluckily。‎ ‎3.③处用所给词的适当形式填空__B__。‎ A.However　　B．Therefore ‎1．possessvt.拥有；具有；支配 ‎(1)be possessed of　　　 具有(某品质、能力等)‎ be possessed by 为……所支配 ‎(2)possession n. [C](常作复数)所有；财产 ‎ [U]具有，拥有 in possession of 占有；拥有；持有 in sb.'s possession ＝ in the possession of sb.‎ ‎ 为某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain possession of　 拥有；占有 ‎[多角练透]‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①He possesses the houses. That is to say, the houses are his personal possessions (possess)．‎ ‎②It was believed that people could be_possessed (possess) by evil spirits.‎ 句型转换 This big house has been in his possession since 1950.‎ ‎③This big house has been in the possession of him since 1950.‎ ‎④He has been in possession of this big house since 1950.‎ Charles is in possession of sound body.‎ ‎⑤Charles is possessed of sound body.‎ ‎⑥Charles takes/gets/gains possession of sound body.‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)possess不用于进行时。‎ ‎(2)in possession of表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有……”；in the possession of表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“被/为……占有”。‎ ‎2. potential n．可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的 ‎(1)have the potential to do sth.　 有做某事的潜力 achieve one's (full) potential (充分)发挥某人的潜力 ‎(2)the potential danger 潜在的危险 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Chinese have_the_potential_to shape Web commerce and culture of their own.‎ 中国人有能力建立自己的网络公司和网络文化。‎ ‎②All we can do is to find the_potential_danger and try to decrease it. ‎ 我们所能做的是找到这些潜在的危险，并设法减少这种危险。‎ ‎③The school strives to treat students as individuals and to help each one to achieve_their_full_potential.‎ 学校力图因材施教，并帮助每位学生充分发挥他们的潜能。‎ ‎3．vital adj.对……极重要的，必不可少的 be vital for/to sth.　　　　　　　　 对……极为重要 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要 It is vital that ... (should) do sth. ……是十分重要的 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①It's_vital_that we should never lower safety standards as life is the most important in the world.‎ 我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为在世界上生命是最宝贵的。‎ ‎②Enough sleep is_vital_for/to the students' wellbeing and health.‎ 充足的睡眠对学生的身心健康是非常重要的。‎ ‎③It_is_vital_to_keep calm in an emergency. ‎ 情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是至关重要的。‎ ‎[名师指津]　在句型“It is vital/important that ...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎4．并列连词while“然而”‎ ‎[教材原句]　Some acupuncturists insert needles at or near the body part affected by the disease, while others select points according to the symptoms that the patient has.‎ 一些针灸医师在疾病感染的身体患病处或在患病处附近扎针，而另外一些则根据病人的病症选择扎针的位置。‎ 本句是一个并列句，while是并列连词，意为“然而”，表示前后两种情况的对比。while 还有以下用法：‎ ‎(1)引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管”；‎ ‎(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”；‎ ‎(3)引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。‎ ‎①I was never very neat, while_my_roommate_Kate_was_extremely_organized.‎ 我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的舍友凯特却极有条理。‎ ‎②While_the_Internet_is_of_great_help_to_us I don't think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.‎ 尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，我认为在这方面花太多的时间并不好。‎ ‎③We can surely overcome these difficulties while_we_are_closely_united.‎ 只要我们紧密地团结在一起，一定能克服这些困难。‎ ‎[真题印证]‎ ‎④(2016·江苏高考)________ some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.‎ A．Because　　　　　　　　 B．If C．Unless D．While 解析：选D　句意：尽管有人被成功的需求所激励，但也有人被失败的恐惧所激发。while意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。故选D项。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Chinese acupuncture uses stainless steel needles to solve health problems. Ancient people tried it out again and again. Finally, they were astonished to find that it had no side effects ❶________ human bodies. The main needle is fine and sharp and can be used for letting liquid out of body parts which had swollen up. ❷One of theories relates it to the production of chemicals in the body that reduce pain. ❸Many people subscribe to it. Have you felt worn out? If so, try Chinese acupuncture.‎ ‎1.①处应填介词on。‎ ‎2.把句②③升级为一个复合句：‎ One_of_theories_relates_it_to_the_production_of_chemicals_in_the_body_that_reduce_pain,_which_many_people_subscribe_to.‎ ‎5. astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊 ‎(1)It astonishes sb. that ...　 令某人感到吃惊的是……‎ What astonishes sb. is ... 使某人吃惊的是……‎ ‎(2)astonished adj. 吃惊的(多修饰人)‎ be astonished at/by ... 对……感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 be astonished that ... 对……感到惊讶 astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的(多修饰物)‎ ‎(3)astonishment n. 惊讶，吃惊 to one's astonishment 让某人感到惊讶的是 in astonishment 惊讶地 ‎[多角练透]‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①We were astonished to_find (find) the temple still in its original condition.‎ ‎②Here is an astonishing (astonish) and significant fact: Mental work alone can't make us tired.‎ ‎③The audience was inexpressibly astonished (astonish) at/by the brilliant performance.‎ 一句多译 使我惊讶的是他取得了这样快的进步。‎ ‎④What_astonished_me_was_that_he_made_such_rapid_progress.(What astonishes sb. is)‎ ‎⑤To_my_astonishment,_he_made_such_rapid_progress.(astonishment)‎ ‎⑥I_was_astonished_that_he_made_such_rapid_progress.(be astonished that)‎ ‎6．relate vt.& vi.联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述 ‎(1)relate ... to ...　 把……和……联系在一起 relate sth. to sb. 向某人叙述/讲述某事 relate to ... 和……有关联；和……合得来 ‎(2)related adj. 相关的；有(亲属)关系的 be related to ... 和……有关的；和……有联系的 ‎(3)relation n. 关系 in/with relation to 关于；与……相比 relationship n. 关系，联系 ‎[多角练透]‎ 句型转换 Happiness doesn't always relate wealth.‎ ‎①Happiness doesn't always relate to wealth.‎ ‎②Happiness isn't always related to wealth.‎ 完成句子 ‎③It is requested that all the articles (should)_be_related_to the students' life.‎ 要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。‎ ‎④He found it difficult to keep_good_relationship_with them.‎ 他发现很难和他们保持友好关系。‎ ‎[真题印证]‎ ‎⑤(2017·江苏高考)Determining where we are ________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.‎ A．in contrast to　　　　　　 B．in defense of C．in face of D．in relation to 解析：选D　句意：根据我们周围的环境来确定自己身在何处，这是我们生存的一项必不可少的技能。in relation to“与……相关；涉及”，符合句意。in contrast to“与……相比较”；in defense of“防卫，为……辩护”；in face of“面对”。‎ ‎7. try out 测试，试验；参加选拔 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎❶try out for　　 　　 　 　 参加……选拔(或试演)‎ ‎❷try for 试图获得，力争赢得 ‎❸try on 试穿 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①It is very pleasant to travel and to try out and explore whatever is new. ‎ 无论是旅游还是试验、探索任何新的东西都能令人非常愉快。‎ ‎②Wilma and her college teammates also tried out for the relay race.‎ 威尔玛和她的大学同学也参加了接力赛的选拔赛。‎ ‎8．let out放出，释放；发出(声音)；放大(衣服)；泄露 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中let out的含义 ‎①He let out a long sigh, mainly of relief, partly of sadness. 发出 ‎②The waist in the pants needs to be let out.放大 ‎③Who let out the exam results? They were supposed to be confidential until tomorrow.泄露 ‎④If he was given five years' imprisonment, he could be let out after three years.释放 ‎9．subscribe to同意，赞成；订阅；捐赠 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中subscribe to的含义 ‎①All the people present subscribe to the opinion put forward by the chairman. 同意，赞成 ‎②Rich and generous, he subscribed two million dollars to the Red Cross. 捐赠 ‎③I subscribe to a number of journals concerned with my subject.订阅 ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜词义 ‎④Please subscribe your name to the document.签(名)‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“同意，赞成”的短语还有：‎ ‎①be for　　　　　　　 ②submit to ‎③agree to/with ④approve of ‎⑤in favour of ‎10．wear sb. out使筋疲力尽；使厌烦 ‎(1)wear (sth.) out　　　 穿破；用坏 wear (sth.) away (因重复使用而)变薄；磨损 wear down (通过不断攻击或施加压力)使衰弱，使意志薄弱 ‎(2)worn adj. 用坏的；用旧的；筋疲力尽的 be worn out (人)精疲力竭；(物)破烂不堪 ‎ ‎[多角练透]　‎ 单项填空 ‎①(2018·常州调研)________ after all those exercise, I'd like to take a rest at home.‎ A．Wearing out B．Worn out C．To wear out D．Having worn out 解析：选B　句意：那些运动把我给累坏了，我想在家休息。worn out“疲惫不堪的”，在句中作原因状语。‎ 完成句子 ‎②Water can still wear_away_rocks after a long time, even though the rock is harder. ‎ 即使岩石更坚硬，经过漫长的时间水仍旧可以侵蚀岩石。‎ ‎③We hope your persuasion will wear_down_his_opposition.‎ 我们希望你能说服他不再反对。 ‎ ‎11．省略结构：if so ‎[教材原句]　Have you ever seen a doctor? If_so,_what happened?‎ 你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？‎ if so“如果这样的话”，为if的省略结构，除if so外还有：‎ if not　　　　 如果不是这样的话 if ever 若曾经有的话 if any 如果真有的话；即使有(任何)……‎ if necessary 如有必要 if possible 如有可能 if anything 如果有……的话 ‎①Will you be free this Sunday？If_so,_let's go camping.‎ 这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。‎ ‎②I think there's a train at midday.If_not,_ you'll have to wait till 12：30.‎ 我想正午会有一班班车。要是没有，你只好等到十二点半了。‎ ‎③If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.‎ 如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。‎ ‎④He is ready to help others, seldom, if_ever,_refusing them when they turn to him.‎ 他非常乐意帮助别人，当别人求助于他的时候，他很少(如果曾经有过的话)拒绝他们。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ [单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．It is vital (重要的) to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. ‎ ‎2．Up till now, we have received 400 applications (申请) for the job. The graduates are eager to work in our company.‎ ‎3．If you feel the medicine is an effective (有效的) cure for your headache, go on taking it.‎ ‎4．It is said that surgeons (外科医生) got the highest pay.‎ ‎5．When I say that the sideeffect of the drug is not obvious, it doesn't mean that there is no potential (潜在的) risk.‎ ‎6．The patient seems a bit abnormal (反常) today. Keep close watch on him.‎ ‎7．These theories are used to confirm the relationship between the phenomena (现象) of the universe.‎ ‎8．In order to catch up with and surpass the advanced world levels we'll have to accelerate (加快) our speed. ‎ ‎9．Tiredness is one of the most common symptoms (症状) of stress.‎ ‎10．I knew very well that the problem was more complex (复杂的) than he had supposed.‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．To write a good news report, you have to make sure your information ________ something ‎ that is coming up, or has recently happened.‎ A．relates to　　　　　　　 B．turns to C．comes to D．belongs to 解析：选A　句意：要想写一个好的新闻报道，你必须确保你的信息与当前即将发生或最近发生的事情相关。relate to“与……相关”，符合句意。turn to“转向，求助于”；come to“达到”；belong to“属于”。‎ ‎2．The graduation ceremony is going to be held in the school lecture hall ________ seats about 600 students.‎ A．where B．who C．what D．that 解析：选D　句意：毕业典礼将在能坐得下大约600名学生的学校报告大厅举行。题干中的seat是及物动词，表示“能供给……座位，坐得下……人”。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是the school lecture hall，指物，故选that。‎ ‎3．Watch out for people who find ________ hard to forgive others because they don't see things reasonably.‎ A．that B．it C．this D．one 解析：选B　句意：一定要小心那些很难原谅别人的人，因为他们看待事情不够理性。句中who引导的定语从句中使用了“find it＋adj.＋to do sth.”句式，其中it是形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语。‎ ‎4．He could hardly wait to ________ to check whether his new car was in good condition.‎ A．figure it out B．carry it out C．try it out D．work it out 解析：选C　句意：他迫不及待地想去试验一下他的新车性能如何。try out sth.“试验，试用”； figure out“辨认出，识别出”； carry out sth.“执行，实施”； work out“想出，制订出，解决”。根据句意可知选C。‎ ‎5．________ I believe in you, I don't ________ your viewpoint ________ she is failing to find a wellpaid job again.‎ A．When; subscribe to; which B．As; subscribe for; where C．If; apply for; /‎ D．While; subscribe to; that 解析：选D　句意：尽管我相信你，但是我不同意你的观点，即她不会再找到一份薪水不错的工作。前后两个句子在逻辑上构成转折，有让步含义，故用while“尽管”‎ ‎，引导让步状语从句； subscribe to“同意，赞成”； that在viewpoint后引导同位语从句，不充当语法成分，但也不能省略。‎ ‎6．—Have you been to the Great Wall?‎ ‎—Perhaps not in my memory.________， it might have been during my early childhood.‎ A．If any B．If ever C．If not D．If possible 解析：选B　If ever是状语从句If I have ever been to the Great Wall的省略。‎ ‎7．An annual study found that 2% of South Koreans aged 10－19 needed treatment for excessive online gaming or were at risk of________.‎ A．addiction B．application C．association D．attraction 解析：选A　句意：一份年度调查显示，10至19岁的韩国人中有2%的人需要接受网络游戏过量的治疗或有上瘾的危险。addiction“上瘾”；application“应用，申请”；association“协会”；attraction“吸引人的人/事”。根据句意选A。‎ ‎8．It is vital that schools ________ students to use computer technology.‎ A．should be taught B．must teach C．teach D．are taught 解析：选C　句意：学校应该教会学生使用计算机技术，这是至关重要的。在“It is vital that ...”句型中，从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。‎ ‎9．(2018·江苏苏州高三质检)“________ many people say that life is the art of living, I believe that life is the art of drawing without an eraser，” said Christine Ip, CEO of the Greater China division from a bank in Singapore. ‎ A．Once B．Since C．While D．If 解析：选C　句意：新加坡一家银行的大中华区首席执行官叶庆宁(Christine Ip)表示：“虽然许多人说生活是生存的艺术，但我相信生活是一门没有橡皮擦的绘画艺术。” 此处while 引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，故选C。‎ ‎10．The project had to be abandoned largely ________ a lack of government funding.‎ A．according to B．due to C．in the name of D．in the eyes of 解析：选B　句意：这个项目不得不被放弃，很大程度上是由于缺乏政府资助。according to“根据”；due to“由于”；in the name of “以……的名义”；in the eyes of “在……心目中；在……看来”。由句意可知选B。‎ Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．毫无疑问，科学技术的发展对人类进步起着至关重要的作用。(of vital importance)‎ It_is_without_doubt_that_the_development_of_science_and_technology_is_of_vital_importance_to_human_advancement.‎ ‎ 2.参观所有的博物馆和纪念碑可把我累坏了。(wear out) ‎ Visiting_all_the_museums_and_monuments_really_wore_me_out.‎ ‎3．如果可能，最好还是挑选有机食品。(条件状语从句的省略)‎ It_is_always_best_to_choose_organically_grown_foods_if_possible.‎ ‎4．一些人喜欢从事不同的运动，然而另一些人只喜欢观看他们。(while)‎ Some_people_enjoy_playing_different_sports_while_others_just_enjoy_watching_them.‎ ‎5．令我吃惊的是这项艰巨的任务在一周内就完成了。(to one's astonishment)‎ To_my_astonishment,_the_hard_task_was_finished_in_only_one_week.‎ Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括 阅读本单元Reading部分，试着以约30个词概括第二段(P18，L7－17)的段落大意。‎ This paragraph tells us that long ago people began to use a kind of leaves which contain a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever and in 1897 Aspirin was produced from this chemical.‎ ‎[高考提能训练] ‎ 检测评价A卷 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．(2018·镇江模拟)—I will go on a diet tomorrow.‎ ‎—________.You've said that over a million times.‎ A．Take your time　　　　 B．I don't enjoy myself C．Beg your pardon D．I don't buy it 解析：选D　句意：“我明天开始节食。”“我才不信呢。你已经说了几百万次了。”take your time“慢慢来”；I don't enjoy myself “我玩得不开心”；beg your pardon“请再说一遍”；I don't buy it “我不吃这套”。由over a million times可知选D。‎ ‎2．Making ________ good impression on the interviewers is of ________ vital importance.‎ A．a; / B．a; a C．/; / D．/; a 解析：选A　句意：给面试官留下好的印象是极其重要的。make a good impression on sb. “给某留下好印象”，故第一空应填a; be of importance＝be important, importance是抽象名词，不可数，故第二空不填。故选A项。‎ ‎3．As we all know, independence is very ________ for youngsters because sooner or later they will leave their families and live alone.‎ A．essential B．accurate C．flexible D．complex 解析：选A　句意：我们都知道，青少年独立是非常必要的，因为他们迟早会离开他们的家去独自生活。essential“至关重要的”，符合句意。accurate“精确的”；flexible“灵活的”；complex“复杂的，难懂的”。‎ ‎4．The ________ expression on his face suggested that he was ________ at the extraordinary beauty of the picture.‎ A．astonished; astonished B．astonishing; astonished C．astonished; astonishing D．astonishing; astonishing 解析：选A　句意：他脸上惊讶的表情表明这幅画异乎寻常的美使他感到十分惊讶。astonished“吃惊的，惊愕的”，常用来说明人的感受或修饰人的表情；astonishing“令人吃惊的”，常用来修饰物，说明事物的性质。‎ ‎5．John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to ________ all his trousers to his measure.‎ A．let out B．give away C．bring in D．make up 解析：选A　句意：约翰最近长胖了这么多，以致他母亲不得不按照他的尺寸把他的裤子加肥。let out意为“加宽”，符合句意。‎ ‎6．—The engineer cannot spare any time this afternoon.‎ ‎—________， can we fix the computer by ourselves?‎ A．If any B．If ever C．If only D．If so 解析：选D　句意：“今天下午工程师抽不出任何时间。”“如果是这样的话，我们能自己修理这台电脑吗？”if any“如果有的话”；if ever“如果曾经有的话”；if only“要是……就好了”；if so“如果是这样的话”。故选D。‎ ‎7．We ________ the Ministry of Health's efforts to reform the health care system, which help relieve the high medical cost burdens.‎ A．adapted B．congratulated C．applauded D．measured 解析：选C　句意：我们称赞卫生部为改革医疗制度做出的努力，这些努力有助于减轻过高的医疗开支负担。A项意为“适应，改编”；B项意为“祝贺”；C项意为“为……鼓掌，称赞，赞许”；D项意为“测量”。根据句意可选C。‎ ‎8．Some students, who are addicted ________the computer games, do not go to school at all.‎ A．to play B．playing C．to playing D．with playing 解析：选C　句意：一些沉迷于电脑游戏的学生根本不去上学。be addicted to doing sth.“着迷于做某事”。‎ ‎9．There are some warnings in some countries ________ over exploitation of underground water has caused the decline of wetland and increase of desertification.‎ A．which B．where C．what D．that 解析：选D　句意：在一些国家有很多警告，过分的开采地下水已经导致湿地的减少和沙漠化的增加。空后是同位语，说明warnings的内容，因为同位语从句的成分和意思都是完整的，用that连接，that不作成分，只起到连接的作用，但是也不能省略，选D项。‎ ‎10．To be honest, the first time I saw him, I ________ that he was my former friend.‎ A．haven't recognized B．didn't recognize C．hadn't recognized D．can't recognize 解析：选B　句意：坦诚地说，我第一次见到他的时候，没有认出他是我以前的同学。从saw，was以及语境可知，这里描述的是过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。‎ ‎11．(2018·苏锡常镇模拟) One has reason to believe anticorruption of Chinese government over the past few years, ________， inspiring progress.‎ A．tough as it is B．as tough as it is C．so tough it is D．as it is tough 解析：选A　句意：人们有理由相信，尽管过去几年中国政府的反腐很困难，但还是取得了令人振奋的进步。as 表“尽管”，句子形式上要用倒装，把名词、形容词、动词原形或副词提至句首。‎ ‎12．In order to attract American students to the ________ Chinese arts, Zhao and her team have turned to master musicians, magicians and martial artists.‎ A．authentic B．confidential C．potential D．artificial 解析：选A　句意：为了使地道的中国艺术对美国学生具有吸引力，赵和她的团队向音乐家、魔术师和武术家请教。authentic“真正的，真实的”；confidential“机密的，秘密的”；potential“潜在的，可能的”；artificial“人造的，仿造的，虚伪的”。authentic Chinese arts “地道的中国艺术”，故选A。‎ ‎13．(2018·南通模拟)Nowadays, more and more young ladies, ________ figures most are fine enough, are going on a diet.‎ A．who B．whose C．of whose D．of whom 解析：选C　句意：如今，越来越多的年轻女子，尽管大部分体形足够好，但是却在减肥。whose 指代ladies，修饰figures，也可以是most of whose figures。‎ ‎14．(2018·扬州模拟) Quite a few graduates cannot find jobs the moment they graduate. The situation will not change much ________ the government makes more efforts.‎ A．if B．when C．unless D．since 解析：选C　句意：相当一部分毕业生毕业时无法找到工作。这种状况不会有太大改变，除非政府做出更多努力。unless“除非，如果不”，符合句意。‎ ‎15．(2018·江苏四校联考)Painting from still images leads to a loss of sensibility, which is ________ to an artist.‎ A．absolute B．urgent C．special D．vital 解析：选D　句意：用静止的形象作画会导致敏感性的丧失，这对一个艺术家来说至关重要。vital“对……是极其重要的”，符合句意。absolute“绝对的”；urgent“紧急的”；special“特殊的”。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 Online education may sound pretty good. However, there can be considerable __1__ for some students.‎ Some online programs give you the chance to use an instant messenger or Skype to __2__ in real time with your professors. But these conversations have to be __3__ and are usually __4__ compared to the daily facetoface interactions (交流) you'll have in a(n) __5__ classroom. If you're a student who __6__ large lecture courses, then this may not __7__ much to you. But if you're the kind of student who prefers smaller lecture courses and likes to __8__ a lot of questions, then you may find yourself __9__ without these chances.‎ Since you're not studying in a traditional classroom, you'll also __10__ having facetoface communication with other students. This can make you __11__ important networking chances for your future career (职业), __12__ basic social interactions. __13__ you hope to make new friends — or find future business partners — in school, consider taking at least a couple of your __14__ in school.‎ Most online programs keep their technology instructions __15__ on purpose: a word processing program, a PDF reader, a computer and Internet connection, which most students can use. But these basic requirements __16__ the fact that most online education programs __17__ students to deal with complex virtual (虚拟的) learning environments. For skilled computer __18__， this is no problem. __19__， if you often find yourself struggling with the digital age, this can make you feel less __20__ about completing your coursework.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。网络教学听起来相当不错。然而，对于一些学生来说，网络教学也存在一些不足之处。‎ ‎1．A.requirements　　　　　　　 B．disadvantages C．regulations D．embarrassments 解析：选B　根据However可知，本句内容与上句之间存在转折关系，所以指的是缺点。‎ ‎2．A.research B．exercise C．play D．chat 解析：选D　根据该空后的“But these conversations”可知，网络教学是学生与授课者通过一些软件进行即时交谈的方式来实现的。‎ ‎3．A.scheduled B．continued C．recorded D．interrupted 解析：选A　根据上一句可知，这些交谈必须是安排好的。‎ ‎4．A.formal B．rare C．easy D．private 解析：选B　根据该空后内容可知，此处是将网上的课堂交流与传统的课堂交流相比较，故网上的课堂交流会比较少。‎ ‎5．A.traditional B．public C．advanced D．large 解析：选A　根据该空前的“facetoface interactions”可知，此处指的是传统课堂。‎ ‎6．A.completes B．admires C．experiences D．prefers 解析：选D　由下文中的“But if you're the kind of student who prefers”可知答案。‎ ‎7．A.mean B．refer C．matter D．occur 解析：选C　由语境可知，如果你喜欢规模庞大的授课方式，这(指上文提到的网络教学的定时以及课时少的特点)对你来说没有什么两样。‎ ‎8．A.face B．answer C．create D．ask 解析：选D　但如果你喜欢小型讨论，而且喜欢提问题，那么你就会发现网络教学让你感到很痛苦，因为网络教学没有给你提供这样的机会。‎ ‎9．A.struggling B．hesitating C．stopping D．escaping 解析：选A　根据该空所在句开头的But 可知，该句内容与上句存在转折关系，故此处指的是没有这样的机会，你会感到很痛苦。‎ ‎10．A.appreciate B．risk C．enjoy D．miss 解析：选D　既然你不在传统课堂上学习，你就失去了与其他同学互动的机会。 ‎ ‎11．A.give B．lose C．ignore D．refuse 解析：选B　不能与其他同学互动，你就会失去你将来的职业生涯所需要的人际网和基本的人际交流。‎ ‎12．A.with regard to B．in place of C．as well as D．on account of 解析：选C　future career和basic social interactions之间是并列关系。‎ ‎13．A.Although B．If C．Since D．When 解析：选B　如果你希望结交新朋友或者寻找商业伙伴，要至少在学校里学习几门功课。‎ ‎14．A.decisions B．exams C．courses D．chances 解析：选C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎15．A.expensive B．funny C．hard D．simple 解析：选D　根据冒号后的内容可知，很多网络教学软件操作简单。‎ ‎16．A.hide B．prove C．explain D．recognize 解析：选A　但这些基本要求掩盖了一个事实：多数网络教学要求学生应对一些复杂的虚拟学习环境。‎ ‎17．A.help B．require C．allow D．remind 解析：选B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎18．A.teachers B．makers C．users D．repairers 解析：选C　根据上句可知，此处指的是娴熟的计算机使用者。‎ ‎19．A.However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile 解析：选A　根据“this is no problem”和“struggling with the digital age”可知，应选However。‎ ‎20．A.serious B．nervous C．confident D．careful 解析：选C　根据“if you often find yourself struggling with the digital age”可知，你会对完成课业没有信心。‎ Ⅲ.任务型阅读 How to Be Wiser?‎ Wisdom is something that's hard to define and yet somehow we know it when we see it. The wise people can be thoughtful and selfreflective. They can recognize the limits of their own knowledge, consider alternative perspectives, and remember that the world is always changing. The wise people tolerate uncertainty and remain optimistic that even tricky problems do have solutions. They can judge what is true or right.‎ Wisdom isn't an innate quality — we can be wise and unwise in different situations. Igor Grossman of the University of Waterloo in Canada found that some people appeared to be wise in one situation, but not in another. So why are there differences in different situations? People were wiser when they were with their friends. It made them more likely to have the bigger picture, to think of other perspectives and to recognize the limits of their own knowledge. When people were alone they seemed to get so involved in a situation that they didn't even think about alternatives. This means wisdom might be more common than we think.‎ Some people still displayed more wisdom than others and some were more foolish, but not across every situation. This provides hope. If we can be wise sometimes, maybe we can learn to be wise more often. The question is how to do it. For Cornell University psychologist Robert Sternberg, wisdom is all about balance. Following Sternberg's model, what you need to do is to remember to work out what all the different interests are in a given dilemma, both in the short and long term and to pay attention to the changing environment and how it might be shaped. Talking about yourself with another person can help. In a kind of school of wisdom, Grossman has experimented with different strategies in the lab. People were taught to take a different perspective by imagining they were taking a bird'seyeview of the situation. The idea is to try to distance yourself from the immediate experience. So when I have a dilemma, I should be asking what others would do?‎ So can you set out to be wise? Yes, but there are lots of factors to remember. You need to take into account that people will have different goals, priorities and responses to your own. If you can juggle all that, you probably are showing wisdom. But the complexity shouldn't stop us from trying. As Grossman told me, “It's not that you suddenly become the next Buddha, but you do become a little bit wiser.”‎ How to Be Wiser？‎ ‎(1)________ of ‎ ‎•They consider things carefully and have a reflection by themselves.‎ wise people ‎•They have a good (2)________ of their limits, alternative perspective, and the everchanging world.‎ ‎•They tolerate (3) ________ things and believe they can solve the tricky problems.‎ ‎•They can make a (4)________ about what is true or right.‎ Situational changes ‎•When staying with friends, people tend to be wiser and more (5)________．‎ ‎•When (6)________， people get too involved in a situation to think of alternatives.‎ Suggestions from experts ‎•Be clear what the various (7)________ are and pay attention to the changing environment. ‎ ‎•Take a different perspective to (8) ________ yourself from the present dilemma.‎ Reminders from the author ‎•You should (9) ________ for the different goals, priorities and responses. ‎ ‎•(10)________ as it is, you should have faith in becoming a wiser.‎ 答案：1.Features/Characteristics/Qualities　‎ ‎2．knowledge/understanding/recognition　‎ ‎3．uncertain/ambiguous　4.judgement/judgment　‎ ‎5．thoughtful　6.alone　7.interests　8.distance ‎9．allow　10.Complex/Complicated 检测评价B卷 阅读理解 A About the Portrait Gallery The Scottish National Portrait Gallery is one of Edinburgh's most extraordinary buildings — a great red sandstone neogothic palace which sits proudly on the city's skyline. Following a dramatic threeyear redecoration, completed in December 2011, the Gallery now offers 17 new displays. Each of these explores different aspects of the story of Scotland and her people.‎ The Building The Scottish National Portrait Gallery was designed by Sir Robert Rowand Anderson as a holy palace for Scotland's heroes and heroines. A detailed Arts and Crafts decorative scheme, both inside and out, with its glittering friezes, evocative murals and extensive sculptural embellishment, makes it a very special visitor experience.‎ The Collection The Portrait Gallery's collection is an exceptional national resource of over 30,000 fascinating images containing a rich variety of media and including many internationally outstanding works of art. The portraits depict (刻画) the men and women whose lives and achievements helped shape Scotland and the wider world. The Gallery is also home to the NGS's outstanding collection of photographs which includes around 6,000 works by the early Scottish pioneers of the medium, Robert Adamson and David Octavius Hill as well as new works by leadingedge contemporary photographers.‎ Visitor Facilities The new Portrait Gallery cafe serves a delicious menu of fresh dishes and classic recipes, using the very best local ingredients and seasonal produce. Our new shop offers a fresh twist on designled gifts and souvenirs. The Gallery now has all the facilities which today's visitors expect, including a fantastic new lift, an Education suite and disabled access throughout the building.‎ 语篇解读：本文从建筑、藏品、游客设施等方面介绍了位于爱丁堡的苏格兰国家肖像画廊。‎ ‎1．What do we learn about the Scottish National Portrait Gallery?‎ A．Every display reflects Scotland.‎ B．It is wellknown for its building.‎ C．There are about 6,000 works in it.‎ D．It has a comparatively short history.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，苏格兰国家肖像画廊是爱丁堡最非凡的建筑物之一。由此可见，苏格兰国家肖像画廊以其建筑而闻名。故选项B正确。‎ ‎2．Its visitor facilities can be described as ________.‎ A．rare and userfriendly B．characteristic and attractive C．modern and allround D．beneficial and conventional 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段第三句可知，苏格兰国家肖像画廊拥有当今游客期望的所有设施，其中包括一台崭新的电梯，一个教育套件以及遍及整座建筑的残疾人无障碍设施。显然这些游客设施都是现代的、全面的。故选项C符合题意。‎ B ‎(2018·徐州质检)With tourism developing fast, you'd expect greater understanding between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other's countries at a reasonable cost. What was once the “grand tour”， reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody's grasp so that modern ‎ travelers enjoy a level of comfort. But what's the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world keep ignoring each other?‎ Many tourist organizations deliberately set out to protect their travelers from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a sheltered life, such as living at international hotels, eating food and sipping drink there. However, he stares at the natives from a distance. Guided tours to places of interest are carefully planned. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more, and language also holds them back. So he is only too happy to be protected in this way.‎ The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the continuance of national stereotypes (刻板印象). That is, we don't see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm your previous knowledge. You leave with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression that, say, “Latin peoples shout a lot”. You only have to make foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you?‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。现代旅游业发展快速，但当前的旅游模式并不能使游客们真正了解到异地的风土人情，而只能加深人们对外界的固有认识，所以现有的旅游模式亟需改变。‎ ‎3．Which of the following can best describe the “grand tour” now?‎ A．At a reasonable cost.‎ B．It is still reserved for the very rich.‎ C．Travelers enjoy the firstclass comforts.‎ D．It is accessible to everyone.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，过去仅为富人准备的“盛大旅游”现在每个人都可以享受到。故选D。‎ ‎4．What can prevent tourists from better understanding another country?‎ ‎①Living in an international hotel ‎②Eating and drinking in an international hotel ‎③Carefully planned places of interest ‎④Keeping the natives at a distance ‎⑤Being unable to speak their language ‎⑥Being too happy to be alone ‎⑦National stereotypes A．①②③④⑤⑥⑦　　　　　 B．①②③④⑤‎ C．①②③④⑤⑦ D．③④⑤⑥‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。通读第二段和第三段内容可知，食宿在国际酒店里、游玩经过精心规划的景点、远离本地人、无法说当地语言、对不同国家有刻板印象等都会阻碍游客更好地了解别国。第⑥项文章未提及。故选C。‎ ‎5．What is the author's attitude toward tourism?‎ A．Positive. B．Negative.‎ C．Objective. D．Critical.‎ 解析：选D　观点态度题。根据第一段最后一句和最后一段第一句可推知，作者对现代旅游的方式持批评的态度。故选D。‎ C Bacterial defenses of fungusfarming (培植真菌的) ants could help in medical battle against superbugs. Scientists have accurately pointed out a promising new source of antibiotics (抗生素): ants. They have found that some species — including leafcutter ants from the Amazon — use bacteria to defend their nests against invading (入侵的) fungi and microbes.‎ Chemicals discharged by the bacteria in this fight have been shown to have particularly powerful antibiotic effects and researchers are now preparing to test them on animals to determine their potential as medicines for humans.‎ Doctors say new antibiotics are urgently needed as superbugs' resistance to standard antimicrobial agents (抗菌剂) spreads. More than 700,000 people globally now die of drugresistant infections each year, which is estimated, and some health officials say this figure could be even higher. The former UN SecretaryGeneral Ban Kimoon said antimicrobial resistance was now a fundamental danger to global health.‎ This was repeated by Professor Cameron Currier, one of the scientists involved in the ant research.“Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem，” he said. “However, discovering new antibiotics by using the standard technique of sampling soil for bacteria is intractable. On average, only one in a million bacteria proves promising. By contrast, we have uncovered a promising type of bacteria for every 15 bacteria we have sampled from an ant's nest.”‎ Only a very specific group of ants are proving useful in this work, however. These are species that farm fungi in tropical regions in North and South America. “These ants search for plant material, which they bring back to their nests and feed to a fungus，” said Professor Jon Clardy. “The fungus breaks down the plant material and the ants feed on the fungus. ”‎ The strategy (策略) evolved around 15 million years ago, and has proved highly successful. There are now more than 200 ant species that farm fungi. Most fungusfarming ants simply search for bits of old leaves or grass on the ground, however. A few, like leafcutter ants, cut leaves from trees and bring them back in pieces to their nest. “Plants are hard to digest, but fungi are good decomposers and break down plant material so ants can feed easily，” said Ethan Van Arnam.‎ However, scientists have recently discovered that these nests are sometimes attacked by ‎ opposing fungi. “They kill off both the nest and its farmed fungus，” said Clardy. “In turn, ants have developed defenses revealed as white patches on their bodies. They look as if they were dipped in powdered sugar. These patches are made of bacteria which the ant stores in its body. Crucially, these bacteria produce powerful antibiotics and antifungal agents.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。科学研究发现，一些蚂蚁可能会帮助人们解决对抗超级病菌的抗生素的短缺问题。‎ ‎6．Which statement may Professor Cameron Currier agree with?‎ A．None of the sampled bacteria proves available.‎ B．Antimicrobial resistance is a serious health threat.‎ C．Tropical ants tend to use bacteria as a nest defense.‎ D．The traditional way of making antibiotics is outofdate.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知，抗菌素耐药性是人类健康的一大威胁，故选B项。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “intractable” probably mean in Paragraph 4?‎ A．Difficult.　　　　　　　　 B．Efficient.‎ C．Necessary. D．Conservative.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据上下文语境可知，用在土壤中取样的普通技术来寻找细菌以发现新的抗生素是很困难的，故画线词意为“棘手的，很难处理的”，同A项含义相近。‎ ‎8．What do Ethan Van Arnam's and Clardy's words imply?‎ A．Every coin has two sides.‎ B．One should keep his powder dry.‎ C．God helps those who help themselves.‎ D．One man's meat is another man's poison.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容可知，真菌对蚂蚁虽然有益处，但也会给其带来威胁，故选A项，意为 “事物都有两面性”。B项意为“时刻做好准备，有备无患”；C项意为“天助自助者”；D项意为“甲之熊掌，乙之砒霜”。‎ ‎9．What's the main idea of the passage?‎ A．How do ants farm fungi?‎ B．Why are ants' bacterial defenses effective?‎ C．What leads to the antibiotic crisis in medicine?‎ D．Could ants be a solution to the antibiotic crisis?‎ 解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文主要讲的是蚂蚁可能会帮助人们解决对抗超级病菌的抗生素的短缺问题，故D项最能概括文章主旨。‎ D My mother believed you could be anything you wanted to be in America. America was where all my mother's hopes lay. She had come here in 1949 after losing everything in China. But she never looked back with regret. There were so many ways for things to get better.‎ ‎“Of course you can be a prodigy,_too，” my mother told me when I was nine. “You can be best at anything.” We didn't immediately pick the right kind of prodigy. At first my mother thought I could be a Chinese Shirley Temple. We'd watch Shirley's old movies on TV as though they were training films. My mother would poke my arm and say, “Ni kan”— You watch. And I would see Shirley tapping her feet, or singing a sailor song, or pursing her lips into a very round O while saying, “Oh my goodness.” ‎ Soon after my mother got this idea about Shirley Temple, she took me to a beauty training school and put me in the hands of a student who could barely hold the scissors without shaking.‎ ‎“You look like Negro Chinese，” she lamented, as if I had done this on purpose.‎ In fact, in the beginning, I was just as excited as my mother, maybe even more so. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size. I was a dainty ballerina girl standing by the curtains, waiting to hear the right music that would send me floating on my tiptoes.‎ In all of my imaginings, I was filled with a sense that I would soon become perfect. My mother and father would adore me. I would be beyond reproach. I would never feel the need to seek for anything.‎ But sometimes the prodigy in me became impatient. “If you don't hurry up and get me out of here, I'm disappearing for good，” it warned. “And then you'll always be nothing.”‎ Every night after dinner, my mother and I would sit at the formica kitchen table. She would present new tests, taking her examples from stories of amazing children she had read and a dozen other magazines she kept in a pile in our bathroom. My mother got these magazines from people whose houses she cleaned. She would look through them all, searching for stories about remarkable children.‎ The first night she brought out a story about a threeyearold boy who knew the capitals of all the states and even most of the European countries. A teacher was quoted as saying the little boy could also pronounce the names of the foreign cities correctly.‎ ‎“What's the capital of Finland？” my mother asked me, looking at the magazine story.‎ All I knew was the capital of California, because Sacramento was the name of the street we lived on in Chinatown. “Nairobi！” I guessed, saying the most foreign word I could think of. She_checked_to_see_if_that_was_possibly_one_way_to_pronounce_“Helsinki” before showing me the answer.‎ The tests got harder — multiplying numbers in my head, finding the queen of hearts in a deck of cards, trying to stand on my head without using my hands, predicting the daily temperatures in Los Angeles, New York, and London.‎ And after seeing my mother's disappointed face once again, something inside of me began to die. I hated the tests, the raised hopes and failed expectations. Before going to bed that night, I looked in the mirror and when I saw only my face staring back — and that it would always be this ordinary face — I began to cry.‎ And then I saw what seemed to be the prodigy side of me — because I had never seen that face before. I looked at my reflection, blinking so I could see more clearly. The girl staring back at me was angry, powerful. This girl and I were the same. I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won'ts. “I won't let her change me，” I promised myself. I won't be what I'm not.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述作者的母亲想把作者培养成秀兰·邓波儿那样的人，并且朝着这个方向努力，每天对作者进行测试，随着测试难度的加深，作者逐渐认清自己要保持真正的自己。‎ ‎10．The underlined word “prodigy” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”．‎ A．talent B．professor C．leader D．superstar 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“You can be best at anything.”可推断，作者可能也是个天才。prodigy意为“天才；才能”，与A项意思接近。故选A项。‎ ‎11．Why did the mother and the girl watch Shirley's old movies on TV?‎ A．Because the mother was a fan of Shirley Temple.‎ B．Because Shirley Temple's hairstyle was very popular among children.‎ C．Because the girl resembled Shirley Temple in appearance.‎ D．Because the mother wanted her daughter to be a Chinese Shirley Temple.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句可知，作者妈妈认为作者完全可以成为一个中国的秀兰·邓波儿。故选D项。‎ ‎12．How did the girl feel about the tests she did every night?‎ A．She felt confident and finished it smoothly.‎ B．She got through the tests painfully.‎ C．She failed the tests and began to lose confidence.‎ D．She eventually sadly found herself ordinary and ugly.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一、二句可推断，作者每晚进行的测试都失败了，开始失去信心。故选C项。‎ ‎13．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 11 mean?‎ A．The mother was not sure about the answer and wanted to confirm it.‎ B．The mother expected her daughter to know the right answer.‎ C．The answers were more than one and the mother checked them.‎ D．The mother was disappointed and gave up her daughter.‎ 解析：选B　句意理解题。根据第十一段最后一句可知，母亲希望作者知道正确的答案。故选B项。‎ ‎14．What might happen after the last paragraph?‎ A．The girl might try her best to become famous and successful.‎ B．The girl might do what she really likes.‎ C．The girl might do whatever her mother asks and becomes a different image.‎ D．The mother might change her attitude and listen to her daughter's words.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句话可推断，文章接下来将介绍作者可能做她真正喜欢的事情。故选B项。‎ ‎15．Which of the following can be the best title of the text?‎ A．Being Myself or Not B．Educational Failure C．Difficult American Childhood D．Mother's Experience 解析：选A　标题归纳题。纵观全文，主要叙述作者的母亲想把作者培养成秀兰·邓波儿那样的人，每天对作者进行测试，随着测试难度的加深，作者逐渐认清自己，并要保持真正的自己。故A项适合作文章标题。‎