2020届北师大版高考一轮复习必修三学案：Unit9SectionⅢLesson2&Lesson3

2020届北师大版高考一轮复习必修三学案：Unit9SectionⅢLesson2&Lesson3

Section_ⅢLesson_2_&_Lesson_3__—__Prereading Solar Car Racing Solar① racers② have been coming③ to Australia for years for the World Solar Car Challenge. We interviewed Marie Logan from Brisbane.‎ Q：Well, the first question I have for you is simple. What is a solar car?‎ A：Solar cars are cars that use the sun's energy for power. That means they don't use petrol④， gas⑤or any other fuel, just the sunlight⑥.‎ Q：And why are people interested in⑦ solar cars?‎ A：People have been worried about⑧ pollution caused by fuels like petrol and gas for a long time now⑨. Solar cars are clean and safe, so there is a lot of interest in them.‎ Q：You've been designing solar racing cars for a long time. When did you start?‎ A：Well, I've been interested in cars since kindergarten⑩. When I was at university⑪， I started designing my car. I've designed five or six different cars so far⑫. And I've been taking part in⑬ races for about four years.‎ Q：How many races have you taken part in?‎ A：Let me think. Six. We've won two of them!‎ Q：Where do these races take place⑭？‎ A：Well, the one I like best crosses the whole of Australia from northwest⑮ to southeast⑯. It's about 4,500 km long！‎ ‎①solar /'səʊlə/ adj.太阳的，太阳光的 solar battery太阳能电池 solar system太阳系 ‎②racer /'reIsə/ n．赛车手 ‎③have been coming是现在完成进行时结构。‎ ‎④petrol /'petrəl/ n．(英)汽油 ‎⑤gas /gæs/ n．气体；煤气；汽油 ‎⑥sunlight /'sʌnlaIt/ n．阳光，日光 ‎⑦be interested in ...对……感兴趣 ‎⑧be worried about ...为……担心 be worried that ...担心……‎ worry v．担忧，使担心 worry sb. 使某人担心 ‎⑨caused by ...是过去分词短语作定语，修饰pollution。‎ ‎⑩kindergarten /'kIndəgɑːtn/ n．幼儿园 ‎⑪at university上大学(英式)，university前无冠词。‎ ‎⑫so far迄今为止，常与现在完成时连用。‎ ‎⑬take part in参加 participate in参加 ‎⑭take place举行；发生(多指事先安排的事情)‎ take the place of取代，代替 ‎⑮northwest /ˌnɔːθ'west/ n．西北，西北方 ‎⑯southeast /ˌsaʊθ'iːst/ n．东南，东南方 太阳能汽车赛 ‎[以上部分译文]‎ 太阳能赛车手来澳大利亚参加世界太阳能汽车挑战赛已经很多年了。我们采访了来自布里斯班的玛丽·洛根。‎ 问：噢，我要问您的第一个问题很简单。什么是太阳能汽车？‎ 答：太阳能汽车就是使用太阳能做动力的汽车。也就是说，这种汽车不用汽油、煤气或任何其他燃料，就用太阳光。‎ 问：人们为什么对太阳能汽车感兴趣呢？‎ 答：人们一直为汽油、煤气等燃料带来的污染担忧。太阳能汽车既干净又安全，因此，人们才会对它们这么感兴趣。‎ 问：您从事太阳能赛车设计工作已经很长时间了。您是什么时候开始的呢？‎ 答：嗯，从上幼儿园的时候我就对汽车感兴趣了。上大学的时候，我开始设计我的汽车。到目前为止，我已经设计了五六款不同的汽车。我参加汽车赛大约有4年了。‎ 问：您参加过多少次比赛呢？‎ 答：让我想想。6次。我们赢过其中的两场比赛！‎ 问：这些比赛都是在哪里举行的？‎ 答：噢，我最喜欢的那次是从西北向东南穿过整个澳大利亚，行程约4 500千米！‎ Q：Wow! How long⑰ does that take?‎ A：These days the fastest cars can do it in six days.‎ Q：And what have you been doing recently?‎ A：I've been building a new car with a team from Queensland⑱ University. We've done a lot of work on it, but we haven't finished yet.‎ Q：And you've been writing a book about solar cars.‎ A：Well, so far I've only written the first few chapters⑲！ I want people to have a good impression⑳ of solar cars.‎ Q：But a lot of people think that solar cars are too slow or not very reliable.How can you persuade them of the advantages of solar cars?‎ A：Solar cars are getting better all the time. They have reached speeds of nearly 80 k．p.h. In tests, one car we built has averaged over 40 k．p.h., even in cloudy weather.‎ Q：You've been working hard — good luck in the race!‎ A：Thanks a lot.‎ ‎⑰how long“多长时间”，回答常用for ...或since ...‎ how often多久一次 how soon多久以后 ‎⑱Queensland /'kwiːnzlænd/ 昆士兰州 ‎⑲chapter /'tʃæptə/ n．章节 ‎⑳impression /Im'preʃn/ n．印象，感觉 make a good/bad impression on sb.给某人留下好/坏印象 impress vt.使留下印象，使感动 impressive adj.给人深刻印象的 reliable /rI'laIəbl/ adj.可靠的 rely on依靠，依赖 persuade sb. of sth.使某人相信某事 all the time一直以来 average v．平均(值)为；n.平均数 on average平均 ‎[以上部分译文]‎ 问：哇！用了多长时间？‎ 答：现在最快的车用6天就可以驶完全程。‎ 问：那您最近在做什么呢？‎ 答：我正和来自昆士兰大学的团队一起制造一种新型汽车。我们已经做了很多工作，但还没有完成。‎ 问：并且您正在写一本关于太阳能汽车的书。‎ 答：哦，目前我刚写完前几章！我想让人们对太阳能汽车有个好印象。‎ 问：但很多人认为太阳能汽车太慢，又不是很稳定。您怎样才能说服他们相信太阳能汽车的长处呢？‎ 答：太阳能汽车一直在改进，性能越来越好。现在速度已经接近每小时80千米。在测试中，我们制造的一种太阳能汽车的平均速度已达每小时40多千米，甚至在阴天也能达到这样的速度。‎ 问：您工作一向非常努力——祝您比赛成功！‎ 答：非常感谢。‎ Prereading Please match the words with their proper meanings.‎ ‎1．baggage　　　　　　　 A．站台，月台 ‎2．platform B．善解人意的；敏感的 ‎3．ambassador C．和善的，温和的 ‎4．sensitive D．行李 ‎ ‎5．gentle E．大使 ‎6．fierce F．译员，口译者 ‎7．vocabulary G．凶狠的，凶恶的 ‎8．interpreter H．责任，负责，职责 ‎9．schedule I．词汇；词汇量 ‎10．responsibility J．女主人 ‎11．hostess K．时间表；进度表 ‎12．suitcase L．(英)汽油 ‎ ‎13．content M．印象，感觉 ‎14．petrol N．容纳的东西；目录 ‎15．kindergarten O．散文 ‎16．chapter P．感谢；欣赏 ‎17．impression Q．幼儿园 ‎18．reliable R．章节 ‎19．appreciate S．手提箱，皮箱 ‎20．essay T．可靠的 ‎1～5　_______________　6～10　_______________‎ ‎11～15　_______________　16～20　_______________‎ 答案：1～5　DAEBC　6～10　GIFKH　11～15　JSNLQ ‎16～20　RMTPO Leadin As we know, our environment has been polluted seriously, and in view of this, which kind of the following cars do you think should be advocated？Say something about saving energy and reducing the discharge (排放)．‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案：‎ I_like_solar_cars.‎ Saving_energy_and_reducing_the_discharge_are_very_important_to_us_because_it_will_affect_our_environment._So_we_should_try_to_do_as_the_followings._First，we_should_save_water_and_electricity_every_day._Whenever_we_leave,_we_should_turn_off_the_lights_and_turn_off_the_tap_when_we_don't_use_it._Second,_we_should_take_buses_or_ride_bikes_instead_of_driving_private_cars_to_reduce_the_discharge_of_the_carbon_dioxide._Finally,_we_should_try_to_make_everybody_aware_of_the_importance_of_the_environment.‎ Whilereading True (T) or False (F)．‎ ‎1．People have been worried about pollution caused by vehicles. __T__‎ ‎2．Marie Logan began designing cars when she was a student. __T__‎ ‎3．She has won most of the race. __F__‎ ‎4．The team has nearly finished building a solar car. __F__‎ ‎5．Marie has been writing a book about solar cars. __T__‎ ‎6．Solar cars can work in cloudy weather. __T__‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎ After years of research and testing, the hybrid car was developed and put on the market. It's an interesting and exciting new improvement in today's world as we look for better ways to protect the quality of the air we breathe and conserve our natural resources.‎ ‎ The quality of our air is affected by many different things. But one of the largest sources of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and gasoline which is used to power the car's engine. The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) has set national standards to help control the level of harmful pollutants given off into the air, and the automobile industry has ‎ acted by producing a hybrid car that uses less gas and therefore causes less pollution.‎ ‎ A hybrid car is a combination of a regular car that runs on gasoline and an electric car that is batterypowered. Some people tend to think that since the hybrid car is partially electric, you have to plug it in to charge it. But that's not how it works. The 144volt battery pack is actually recharged through the energy that is produced when the car's brakes are used. This is referred to as “regenerative braking”， because it generates electricity. ‎ ‎ Although the hybrid car still runs on gasoline most of the time, this helps it use less gas than a regular car. When the driver stops at a traffic light, the engine automatically shuts off to save fuel. Then, as soon as the driver puts the car in gear and touches the gas pedal, the engine starts back up.‎ ‎ Have you ever ridden in a car with someone who ran out of gas? That probably wouldn't happen if you were riding in a hybrid car. It flashes a warning on its computer screen that says, “I am low on gas.” When it completely runs out, the warning reads：“YOU ARE NOW OUT OF GAS！” Then the electric power supply kicks in to let the driver travel a few more miles to a gas station.‎ 语篇解读：你是否在开车或坐车的时候，为汽车产生的尾气担忧？你是否有过在半路上汽油用完了的经历？现在已经有一种发明可以为你解忧了。‎ ‎1．According to the passage, the word “hybrid” is best defined as________.‎ ‎ A．a hightech discovery ‎ B．energysaving ‎ C．a new invention ‎ D．a combination of two things 解析：选D　词义猜测题。由文章第三段第一句可知，这种汽车是普通燃油汽车与电动汽车的结合体，故推测hybrid应是“(不同事物的)混合物，合成物”之意，只有D项符合。‎ ‎2．“Regenerative braking” is an important process of the hybrid car because ________.‎ A．it allows the car to come to a quick stop B．it makes the car ride smoother C．it generates energy to charge the electric motor ‎ D．it can control the speed of the car 解析：选C　推理判断题。由文章第三段倒数第二句可知，汽车刹车时产生的能量能够为144伏的电池组充电。最后一段又指出，汽油用完后，汽车靠电来运行，由此可推断出“刹车充电”装置可以通过刹车产生的电来发动汽车。‎ ‎3．The EPA is important to our environment because ________.　‎ A．it has designed hybrid cars B．it has outlawed the burning of fossil fuels C．it has set important guidelines that help control pollution D．its main purpose is to protect endangered plants and animals 解析：选C　推理判断题。EPA制定了控制有害气体在空气中的排放量标准，这显然对保护环境很重要。故选C项。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is the reason for developing hybrid cars?‎ A．They use less gas than regular cars.‎ B．They're safer to drive than most cars.‎ C．They're more modern than the other cars.‎ D．They cost less than regular cars.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知，混合动力汽车虽然还燃烧汽油，但它的耗油量比普通汽车小。故选A项。‎ B There are little cars that may some day take the place of today's automobiles (汽车). If everyone drives such a little car in the future, there will be less pollution in the air, there will be more parking space in cities, and the streets will be less crowded. The space now for one car of the usual size can hold at least three such little cars.‎ The little cars will cost much less to own and to drive. Driving will be safer, too, as these little cars can go only 65 kilometres an hour.‎ The cars of the future will be fine for going around the city, but they will not be useful for going far away. If powered by electricity, it will have two batteries — one battery for the motor and the other for the horn (喇叭), signals (信号灯), etc. Little cars which are powered by gas will go 450 kilometres before needing to stop for more gas.‎ If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed to set up in the future. Some roads will be used for the big, fast cars, and other roads will be needed for the small, slow ones.‎ ‎5．What's the advantage (优势) of the small cars?‎ A．There won't be so much pollution and the small cars won't be expensive as the big ones.‎ B．It will be safer to drive these small cars.‎ C．There will be more space for cars to park.‎ D．All of the above.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。第一段和第二段给出了小汽车的优势：占地少，污染小，驾驶安全，价格低廉。A、B、C三项都有，故选D。‎ ‎6．Driving the little cars will be safer because ________.‎ A．they cost much less B．they are much stronger C．they are only used in the city D．they can go only at a lower speed 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话可以推出答案。‎ ‎7．Two sets of roads are necessary in the future in order to ________.‎ A．prevent car accidents B．make the city more beautiful C．let small cars run fast D．limit the speed of the cars 解析：选A　推理判断题。由最后一段可知，(little cars)有优势，但也有弱点(比如车速)，所以将来要有两种汽车车道并存，其目的在于快车和慢车分道而行，避免车祸。‎ ‎8．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．A car of the usual size now is three times as big as the small car.‎ B．The small car with a speed of 65 kilometres an hour is much more useless than a car of the usual size.‎ C．The little car will be safer but cost more.‎ D．The little car will need more gas.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，普通轿车所占的空间可能至少是这种小汽车的三倍，所以A项正确。‎ C My shoe lesson number one.‎ Back in my days as a salesman, I was on my way to deliver a speech in Newfoundland. Sitting comfortably in the airplane seat, I suddenly broke out in a cold sweat as I realized I had left my dress shoes at home. I was wearing running shoes for an important speech.‎ I knew I could buy a new pair when I land. Too late; the stores were already closed. What about in the morning? No, the next day was Sunday and my speech was scheduled for 9：00 a．m.Ninety seconds later, however, my cold sweat had been replaced with a single idea.‎ The next morning, I began my speech, “You might be wondering why I am wearing running shoes today. Well, it's about this request here. When I'm done speaking, I'll be running door to door and I want every one of you to come running with me, too.” My little “goofup” became a clever demonstration (示范) of action speaking louder than words.‎ My shoe lesson number two.‎ My brother was getting married. We had just witnessed the signing of the papers at their ‎ house, and they were rushing over to another place for the ceremony. As we locked up their house, my wife's shoes broke. So off to the nearest shoe store we flew. We knew they would wait for us before starting the ceremony. What we did not know was how long they would wait.‎ That day, my wife performed a miracle (奇迹) that no other woman has done before or since. She went into the store and came out just five minutes later with the perfect pair of shoes.‎ Perhaps the most important lesson here is that, contrary to popular belief, the shoe does not make the man/woman. But the lack of shoes can surely build character.‎ 语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。突发的意外情况往往可以改变我们的旧习惯，从而帮助我们形成更加积极的性格和能力。‎ ‎9．Upon thinking of his shoes on the plane, the author felt ________.‎ A．proud　　　　　　　　 B．delighted C．panicky D．encouraged 解析：选C　推理判断题。由第二段“... I suddenly broke out in a cold sweat as I realized I had left my dress shoes at home”可知，作者一想到自己将穿着跑鞋参加这个重要的会议，感到非常惊慌。‎ ‎10．What does the underlined part “goofup” probably mean?‎ A．Image. B．Mistake.‎ C．Success. D．Present.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。作者忘记了穿正式的鞋子，然而他却非常机智，把这样一个小失误演变为一个向客户们展示自己“用事实说话”的有力例证。由该词语境可知，goofup意为“错误，失误”。‎ ‎11．Before entering the shoe store, the author thought it ________.　‎ A．strange to be in a dilemma for a second time B．a great pity to have to miss his brother's wedding C．important to test the quality of a new pair of shoes D．unlikely for his wife to finish shopping in a short time 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第六段“What we did not know was how long they would wait.”及第七段“She went into the store and came out just five minutes later ...”可知，作者认为，按照惯例妻子将会花费很长的时间在商店里挑选一双自己满意的鞋子。‎ ‎12．What's the message the author conveys in the text?‎ A．Emergencies can help shape our character.‎ B．You can never judge a person by his looks.‎ C．It's hard to change our character overnight.‎ D．Never buy shoes without trying them on first.‎ 解析：选A　主旨大意题。由最后一段“But the lack of shoes can surely build character.”‎ 可知，通过两个有关鞋子的故事，作者表明的观点是：意外的突发情况往往可以改变我们的固有习惯，从而有助于塑造我们的积极个性。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎__1__‎ Home can be a great place for children to study. It's important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.‎ ‎•Location (位置)‎ ‎ __2__ The kitchen and the dining room are not so well suited for regular study, since books and pens get in the way of the daytoday uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at hand without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.‎ ‎•Keeping Things in Order Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isn't using his workspace. Ownership is very important for selfrespect. __3__ The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom.‎ ‎ •__4__‎ Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way. __5__ Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family.‎ A．Attitude Is Everything B．Bring Organisation into Your Home C．Here are several ways to choose a location.‎ D．Building a Good Home Learning Environment E．Hold a cando attitude and your child will follow your example.‎ F．Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.‎ G．A child who learns to organise his space will carry organisation into every corner of his life.‎ 答案：1～5　DFGAE