2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit1Alandofdiversity单元学案（17页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit1Alandofdiversity单元学案（17页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 1A land of diversity单元学案 单元基础词汇语法过关复习 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017年新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读理解A)This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice ________ (mark) their first visit to the UK.‎ ‎2．But ________ (apparent) this is only an illusion.‎ ‎3．The university is teaming up ________ a school in England for the research project.‎ ‎4．Don't be taken ________ by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.‎ ‎5．We need to apply________ planning permission to build a garage.‎ ‎6．I've been ________ of touch with the old place for a good many years.‎ ‎7．Her spirits keep up in ________ of all her troubles.‎ ‎8．His speech stressed the importance of ________ (reform)to educate.‎ ‎9．I was in halfway when it suddenly ________ (occur) to me that I had left my ticket home.‎ ‎10．What ________ (percent) of the population in China are farmers?‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．They settled down in Canada and made new life for themselves.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．After the explosion, every means have been used to prevent the river from being polluted.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Successful people are always very intelligent.They can discover that others easily ignore.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．The government has taken measures to make this custom live.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．A large percentage of this hotel's income are from the visitors to the lake nearby.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6．Having punished by his boss, he was in a very bad mood.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8．This is believed that hard work can lead to success.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎9．Onethird of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens is black people.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎10．More and more people are concerned themselves with environmental problems.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 三、完形填空 ‎(2016年哈尔滨第三中学第一次模拟)‎ University Can Wait I was on my way to the library to do some studying for history class.That's when I saw my friend and her family __1__ on doors.‎ As I was standing __2__ one house, my friend's brother walked past me and went to the door of the house.When the resident __3__ I heard him say, “Excuse me, I am __4__ money for my mom.She needs to have __5__ but we don't have enough money.Could you please __6__ with a donation？”‎ The lady gave him some __7__ and he said, “Thank you so much! God bless you.” Then he ‎ walked on to the next house.‎ I could see he didn't have much and I also saw he had been __8__.‎ ‎__9__ going to the library, I went to the bank.I told her I wanted to __10__ all my savings.The lady in the bank said to me, “But, sweetie, I thought you were going to use that money to go to __11__.” I told her something else __12__ so she gave me the money.Then I walked to my friend's house.‎ They had only raised nine hundred and sixtytwo dollars, which wasn't __13__ a quarter of what they needed.I told my friend to __14__ my money.When she saw it she __15__ straight away it was my university money.‎ The idea of going to university had been a very __16__ one for me—__17__ I got accepted—but she needed the money more than I did.It was this __18__ of money that could save her mother's life.‎ I hope all goes well for her and her family.My love and __19__ go out to them.Leo Tolstoy once said, “Nothing can make our life, of the lives of other people, more beautiful than permanent __20__.”‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．A.meeting B．waiting C．knocking D．quarreling ‎2．A.inside B．above C．behind D．outside ‎3．A.replied B．understand C．opened D．answered ‎4．A.raising B．accumulating C．increasing D．making ‎5．A.health B．surgery C．examination D．break ‎6．A.provide B．help C．deal D．compete ‎7．A.advice B．medicine C．coins D．food ‎8．A.laughing B．begging C．thinking D．crying ‎9．A.Instead of B．Regardless of C．Other than D．Except for ‎10．A.deposit B．donate C．withdraw D．collect ‎11．A.university B．company C．theater D．work ‎12．A.held up B．came up C．put up D．took up ‎13．A.even B．already C．still D．ever ‎14．A.return B．consider C．take D．pay ‎15．A.received B．refused C．realized D．admitted ‎16．A.disappointing B．depressing C．appealing D．realistic ‎17．A.assessing B．advocating C．appointing D．assuming ‎18．A.kind B．item C．share D．sum ‎19．A.imagination B．prayers C．ideas D．stories ‎20．A.honesty B．kindness C．responsibility D．courage 四、短文改错 ‎(2016年3月湖北省七市高三联考)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Some of us is having problems with our parents, as they often look for our school bags.I fully understand when we are not comfortable about it, but there's no need to feel too sadly.Our parents check our bags to make it sure we're not getting into trouble.They had probably heard some horrible stories about other kid and think we might do the same.Or perhaps they just want to connect with us and are doing it all wrong.I suggest that we telling them we want them to trust us as much we'd like to trust them.‎ 五、七选五型阅读理解 A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environment.The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference.__1__‎ Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways.__2__ After a while, it collects in the sea.And plastic never goes away.Plastic is not biodegradable—destroyed by bacteria or natural processes.Instead, it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time.The oceans contain a lot of chemical and other pollutants.__3__ That means harmful materials may get into our food supply.‎ ‎ __4__ Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it.They can use fewer singleuse product containers and throw plastics away correctly.Plastic recycling programs also work—where old bottles and other plastics are collected, broken down and used to make new products.We could reuse bottles in our households many times if we wish to, rather than end them after the first use.We could, when we get rid of that plastic, recycle it and reuse it, which replaces the need for raw materials.‎ The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics.__5__ And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use.By putting a new value on plastic, industry has a special reason to clean up the environment.But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem.‎ A．Then, fish may eat the plastics.‎ B．It asks for them to better measure and direct plastic use.‎ C．The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.‎ D．The report tells about the harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation.‎ E．Plastics should be gathered together and reused.‎ F．But people can make a big difference.‎ G．It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.‎ 能力检测答案 一、1.marks　2.apparently　3.with　4.in　5.for ‎6．out　7.spite　8.reforming　9.occurred ‎10．percentage 二、1.new前加a　2.have→has　3.that→what　‎ ‎4．live后加on　5.are→is　6.Having后加been ‎7．去掉were　8.This→It　9.第二个is→are　‎ ‎10．concerned→concerning 三、本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者看到朋友及其家人在为他们的妈妈筹钱做手术后，去银行取出自己打算用来上大学的钱借给他们。就是这笔钱可以挽救他们妈妈的生命。这使作者领悟到：没有什么东西比永恒的善意能使我们的生活更美好。‎ ‎1．C　固定短语knock on意为“敲”，符合语境。‎ ‎2．D　根据上文可知，“我”看到朋友和她的家人在挨家挨户地敲门，由此可知，“我”在一所房子外面站着。outside在……外部，符合语境。‎ ‎3．D　根据上一句中的“went to the door of the house”可推知，朋友的弟弟在敲门，居民回应了他，所以用动词answer应答。故选D。‎ ‎4．A　根据第六段第一句中的“raised nine hundred and sixtytwo dollars”可知，他们在筹钱。raise筹集，符合语境。‎ ‎5．B　根据第七段中的“that could save her mother's life”可推知，她的妈妈需要做手术。surgery外科手术，符合语境。‎ ‎6．B　根据上下文可知，他在筹钱给妈妈做手术，因此他请求居民帮忙捐款。help帮助，符合语境。‎ ‎7．C　根据上文可知，他正在筹钱，因此这个居民给他的应是钱。故选C。‎ ‎8．D　根据上文可知，他要筹钱给妈妈做手术，但是筹到的钱却不多，所以此处应为“我”看到他一直在哭。cry哭，符合语境。‎ ‎9．A　根据第一段第一句“I was on my way to the library to do some studying for history class.”以及本句中的“I went to the bank”可知，“我”没有去图书馆而是去了银行。instead of代替，而不是，符合语境。‎ ‎10．C　根据上文可知，“我”知道朋友及其家人在筹钱，“我”现在去银行，说明“我”想取出自己所有的积蓄。另外，从下文中银行里女士的话也可得到提示。withdraw (从银行)取(钱)，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A　根据第六段最后一句中的“it was my university money”可知，“我”打算用这笔钱上大学。故选A。‎ ‎12．B　此处指“我”告诉她发生了其他事情。come up发生，符合语境。‎ ‎13．A　句意：他们只筹到了962美元，甚至还不到他们所需要的钱数的四分之一。even甚至，符合语境。‎ ‎14．C　根据上文可知，“我”去银行取出了钱，建议朋友接受“我”的钱。take接受，符合语境。‎ ‎15．C　根据本句中的“it was my university money”可知，当她看到这笔钱时，她立刻意识到这是“我”上大学的钱。realize意识到，符合语境。‎ ‎16．C　此处指假设“我”被录取的话，上大学是很吸引“我”的一件事。appealing吸引人的，符合语境。‎ ‎17．D　分析句子结构和语境可知，此处为插入语，表示条件。assume假设，符合语境。‎ ‎18．D　此处指这笔钱可以挽救她妈妈的生命。this sum of money这笔钱，符合语境。‎ ‎19．B　根据前面一句话“I hope all goes well for her and her family.”可知，“我”希望她和她的家人一切都好，由此可知，这是“我”的祈祷。prayer祈祷，符合语境。‎ ‎20．B　根据上文可知，“我”帮助了朋友，这使“我”领悟到：没有什么东西比永恒的善意能使我们的生活更美好。kindness仁慈，好意，符合语境。‎ 四、第一处： is→are。主语some of us是复数，故将谓语is改为are。‎ 第二处： for→into。look for寻找； look into窥视，浏览，调查。句意：因为父母经常翻看我们的书包。根据句意可知应将for改为into。‎ 第三处： when→why。句意：我完全明白我们不舒服的原因。宾语从句用why引导表示原因，故将when改为why。‎ 第四处： sadly→sad。形容词sad做表语，故sadly改为sad。‎ 第五处： 去掉it。固定搭配：make sure确保，故去掉it。‎ 第六处： had→have。句意：他们可能听说了一些关于其他孩子的可怕的事情。从全文可看出，文章用的现在时态，这里应用现在完成时，故将had改为have。‎ 第七处： kid→kids。其他孩子应该用复数形式other kids，故将kid改为kids。‎ 第八处： and→but。句意：或许他们只是想和我们联系，但是他们做得不对。从句意可知前后句是转折，应该用but，故将and改为but。‎ 第九处： telling→tell。suggest表示建议，后接宾语从句用虚拟语气(should＋)do，should可以省略，故将telling改为tell。‎ 第十处： much后加as。固定结构：as...as意为“和……一样”。‎ 五、一份新的报告指出：被丢弃的塑料汇聚到海洋，不仅严重污染了海洋环境，而且最终会通过鱼等海洋生物进入人体，危害人类健康。同时，该报告也指出了个人以及企业应该如何做来改善这种状况。‎ ‎1．D　根据语境可判断出，D项承接上文“A new report says...”，讲述的也是该报告的内容，故选D。‎ ‎2．C　根据上下文语境以及常识可知，被丢弃在河里和其他航道的塑料最终会流入沿海地区和大洋水域，故选C。‎ ‎3．A　空后说“那意味着有害物质可能会进入我们的食物”，而塑料最终是流入海洋的，因此，应该是鱼吃了塑料，然后我们吃鱼，故选A。‎ ‎4．F　本段谈的是“人类应该如何做才能减少塑料对海洋的污染”，故F项“But people can make a big difference.”符合语境，总领该段。‎ ‎5．B　空前讲的是“报告要求企业改进塑料的使用方式”，空后说也需要塑料是如何被丢弃或停止使用的信息。故B项“该报告呼吁企业要更好地权衡并且管理塑料的使用”衔接上下文。‎ 单元综合知识运用检测 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A Animal Farm by George Orwell Animal Farm is probably one of the most popular school reads in the world. George Orwell wrote it as a political allegory (讽喻) and has since then inspired the minds of not only adult revolutionaries but also the younger ones who start feeling the spark of being right and free for all of the humanity in their hearts.‎ Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi This is a wise, funny, and heartbreaking memory of Marjane Satrapi's years growing up in Iran during the Islamic Revolution, and how she dealt with life while experiencing the ruinous effects of the war with Iraq. The mistakes she felt she made opened her eyes and shaped her into becoming the influential individual she is today.‎ To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Regarded as a masterpiece of literature — it is no wonder it won the Pulitzer Prize. The plot and characters are based on the author's observations of her family and neighbors, as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. The novel is famous for its warmth and humor, despite telling a story of innocent Tom Robinson being accused of raping (强暴) a white woman because he was black.‎ The Harry Potter series by J. K. Rowling A story showing the absolute courage of a young boy, who was never afraid to speak his mind in the face of injustice and would always defend the helpless. A boy shows us the importance of believing in ourselves and others. Harry Potter reminds us that the true power to ‎ defeat any enemy is not found in others, but found within each of us.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。主要简单介绍了有关四本书的内容。‎ ‎21．Which book best suits the people who want freedom?‎ A．The Harry Potter series.‎ B．To Kill a Mockingbird.‎ C．Animal Farm.‎ D．Persepolis.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一本书的介绍中的“... but also the younger ones who start feeling the spark of being right and free for all of the humanity in their hearts”可知，渴望自由的人最适合读Animal Farm这本书，故选C。‎ ‎22．Which author wrote about his or her own experiences in the above works?‎ A．J. K. Rowling.　　　　 B．Marjane Satrapi.‎ C．George Orwell. D．Harper Lee.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二本书的介绍中的“This is a wise, funny, and heartbreaking memory of Marjane Satrapi's years ... and how she dealt with life while experiencing the ruinous effects of the war with Iraq”可知，这本书是关于作者本人经历的。‎ ‎23．What does the author say about To Kill a Mockingbird?‎ A．Its author is a young girl.‎ B．It was written in a serious way.‎ C．One theme may be racial inequality.‎ D．Tom Robinson committed a crime.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题　根据第三本书的介绍中的“innocent Tom Robinson being accused of raping (强暴) a white woman because he was black”可知，因为是黑人，Tom Robinson被指控强奸一名白人妇女，这说明这本书的一个主题可能是种族歧视或种族不平等。‎ ‎24．What does the Harry Potter series mainly want to convey?‎ A．God helps those who help themselves.‎ B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ C．Actions speak louder than words.‎ D．Failure is the mother of success.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四本书的介绍中的“Harry Potter reminds us that the true power to defeat any enemy is not found in others, but found within each of us”可知，《哈利·波特》告诉我们真正打败任何敌人的力量不在别人身上，而在我们自己身上。所以A项“天助自助者”正确。B项意为“患难见真情”；C项意为“事实胜于雄辩”；D项意为“‎ 失败是成功之母”。‎ B Claudio Viera de Oliveira is from Brazil. He was born with an upside down head and deformed (畸形的) legs. His mother was told by doctors that she should allow him to die, but she ignored their advice. Oliveira grew up and now he has written a book about his life after the age of 40.‎ Since he was a child, Oliveira has liked to keep himself busy. He didn't like to depend totally on others. He learned to do things all by himself. At eight, Oliveira began to walk on his knees. His family had to change the floor of the house, so he could walk without injuring himself. His bed, plugs and lights had to be made lower so that he could do things for himself.‎ He couldn't use a wheelchair because of his unusual shape, making it hard for him to be independent outside the home, but he begged his mother to allow him to go to school and learn with other children. He learned to use a pen with his mouth to type words and even use his lips to operate a mouse or a phone. He also went on to qualify as an accountant and gave speeches at special events. Now Oliveira has published his first book, called “O mundo esta ao (The world is the wrong way around)”．‎ Oliveira said, “Throughout my life I was able to adapt my body to the world. Right now, I don't see myself as being different. I am a normal person. I don't see things upside down. Nowadays I can say that I am a professional, international public speaker and that I receive invitations from all over the world.”‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了天生残疾的Oliveira获得成功的励志故事。‎ ‎25．What was the doctors' attitude towards Oliveira's disease?‎ A．Concerned. B．Hopeless.‎ C．Confident. D．Doubtful.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段的第三句“His mother was told by doctors that she should allow him to die, but she ignored their advice”可推知，医生对Oliveira的病不抱任何希望，故选B。‎ ‎26．What do we know about Oliveira?‎ A．He adapted himself to society.‎ B．He managed to walk on foot at eight.‎ C．He used a normal bed and lights at home.‎ D．He controlled a wheelchair with his mouth.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Throughout my life I was able to adapt my body to the world”可知，Oliveira成功地适应了社会。‎ ‎27．What does Oliveira do at present?‎ A．A doctor. B．A publisher.‎ C．An accountant. D．A professor.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句“He also went on to qualify as an accountant and gave speeches at special events”可知，目前Oliveira的职业是会计，故选C。‎ ‎28．Which saying can best describe Oliveira's experiences?‎ A．All that glitters is not gold.‎ B．Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ C．Health is not valued till sickness comes.‎ D．It is more blessed to give than to receive.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讲述了一个天生残疾的人克服生活中的重重困难，最终成功地适应社会的励志故事，启迪读者：有志者事竟成。故选B。‎ C People commonly work 40 hours a week. However, working more than 25 hours a week could be negatively affecting the intelligence of employees over age 40, according to a study from researchers for the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research in Australia. After conducting reading, pattern and memory tests on more than 6, 000 workers aged over 40, the team presented their findings of the study.‎ Working fewer than 25 hours a week is bad for the brain's agility (灵敏), while working excessively long hours can lead to the state of being tired or stressful, also damaging the brain's functional abilities. Age 40 is somewhat of a turning point for the brain. Our “fluid intelligence”， or how well we process information, begins its decline around the age of 20, while “crystallized intelligence”， or the ability to use knowledge and experience, becomes worse starting around age 30. By the time we turn 40, our performance in memory tests and pattern recognition exercises tends to go downwards.‎ On the other hand, by age 40, many employees are also taking care of children or parents or both, creating_a_job_on_top_of_a_job. The typical caregiver in the U．S. is a 49yearold employed female, who spends more than 24 hours a week taking care of others, the BBC reported. Another factor could be the less sleeping hours.‎ The study noted that the effect of excessive working hours affected both genders equally.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，一周工作超过25个小时会影响40岁以上的员工的智力。‎ ‎29．How did the researchers draw the conclusion of the study?‎ A．By giving examples. ‎ B．By conducting a survey.‎ C．By making comparisons. ‎ D．By doing experiments.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“After conducting reading, pattern and memory tests on more than 6, 000 workers aged over 40, the team presented their findings of the study”可知，研究者是通过做实验的方式得出研究结论的。‎ ‎30．What is the perfect amount of working time per week for workers aged over 40?‎ A．40 hours. B．Over 25 hours.‎ C．25 hours. D．Fewer than 25 hours.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“working more than 25 hours a week could be negatively affecting the intelligence of employees over age 40”可知，一周工作超过25个小时会影响40岁以上的员工的智力；再结合第二段中的“Working fewer than 25 hours a week is bad for the brain's agility (灵敏)”可知，一周工作少于25个小时不利于大脑的灵敏度。由此可知，一周工作25个小时是最佳的，故C项正确。‎ ‎31．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 suggest?‎ A．Caregiving affects middleaged people negatively.‎ B．Additional jobs are created by working people.‎ C．Taking care of family members is a job.‎ D．Middleaged people often do two jobs.‎ 解析：选A　句意理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，40岁可以说是人脑的转折点，到了40岁，人们的记忆力测试和图案识别训练的表现往往会下滑。第三段紧接着说，另一方面，到了40岁，很多职员也要照顾孩子或父母或者两者都要照顾。由此可推出，对中年人来说，照顾家人给他们造成了工作之外的负担，对他们有负面影响。‎ D ‎(2018·河北省正定县三中质检)Lloyd asked the other day whether we should show more big green houses on TreeHugger. After all, while we may like to talk about living simply as an alternative American Dream and tiny homes being the next big thing, it seems likely that many folks — particularly in America — will continue to see increased square meters as an indicator of quality of life. In fact, the much advertised recessiondriven (萧条引起的) shift to smaller houses may not be happening at all.‎ Listening to NPR's Marketplace Money this weekend, I was struck by a report that claimed that the era of McMansions is by no means over. While increased energy costs have, to a degree, made people learn more about, and more interested in, energy efficiency, there is apparently little evidence to suggest that this has translated into a desire for smaller homes — which finally would be the biggest step toward energy efficient housing we could take. Steven East, an analyst for ‎ Ticonderoga Securities, put it in pretty plain terms：‎ ‎“There has been a lot of talk in the press that the McMansion is dead and consumers are now permanently wanting smaller homes, etc. There's nothing in our research that indicates that's the truth.”‎ Some people may be happy in their tiny apartment, but I guess this is just one more reminder that activism beats prophecy (预言), and wishful thinking is not a strategy. If we TreeHuggers want to encourage people to live in smaller houses, we need to find ways to make it an attractive and convincing suggestion. Not hope that the recession or high energy prices do the job for us.‎ 语篇解读：媒体大为炒作的因经济萧条而引起的消费者对面积较小的住房的青睐并没有理论支持，大房时代尚未结束。‎ ‎32．How is life quality measured by many Americans?‎ A．The size of houses. ‎ B．The style of living.‎ C．The income of the family. ‎ D．The increase of energy prices.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“many folks — particularly in America — will continue to see increased square meters as an indicator of quality of life”可知，很多美国人仍然把房子面积的大小作为衡量生活质量的一个标准。故选A。‎ ‎33．What do some people think makes consumers want tiny homes?‎ A．The alternative American Dream.‎ B．Much advertised smaller houses.‎ C．Slightly decreased energy costs.‎ D．Awareness of energy efficiency.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“While increased energy costs have, to a degree, made people learn more about, and more interested in, energy efficiency, there is apparently little evidence to suggest that this has translated into a desire for smaller homes”可推知，一些人认为节能意识会是人们想要换成小房子居住的一个因素(然而事实上这是没有多少根据的)。故选D。‎ ‎34．What can we conclude from Steven East's words?‎ A．Consumers are likely to follow suit.‎ B．What the press tells is not a little true.‎ C．The press can guide consumption.‎ D．People still long for big homes.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“the McMansion is dead ... There's nothing in our research that indicates that's the truth”可推知人们仍然想要面积较大的房子。故选D。‎ ‎35．Which would be the best title of the text?‎ A．Tiny Apartments Are the Next Big Thing B．Ways to Make Smaller Homes Attractive C．The McMansion Time Is Not Over Yet D．The New Standard of Quality of Life 解析：选C　标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文作者主要讲的是媒体大为炒作的因经济萧条而引起的消费者对面积较小的住房的青睐并没有理论支持，大房时代尚未结束。故C项作本文标题最佳。第二段中的“the era of McMansions is by no means over”亦是提示。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎(2018·陕西西安长安区第一中学调研)Think about what you've learned from a particular rumor experience, and let it help you make sure it never happens again. Here are a few tips that will help you.‎ ‎__36__‎ The more private information that you make public, the more ammunition (把柄) rumors will have, so be careful who you confide in (向……吐露)．‎ Try to understand where it's coming from, and why.‎ Is the rumor meant to hurt you, or is it just a case of misinformation or exaggeration? It's important to get this information before you react to the rumor. __37__‎ Resist the urge to dish it out.‎ Have you heard the saying “Someone can dish it out, but he or she can't take it”？ __38__ If you spread gossip and rumors about others, you might become a person who deserves a taste of his or her own medicine.‎ Resist the urge to take revenge.‎ If you've been the victim of gossip and rumors and you know who started spreading them, you might want to go “an eye for an eye”. __39__ And taking revenge in this way might make you feel good for a short time. But in the end, it will just keep the cycle of rumors going. __40__‎ A．Be cautious about making friends.‎ B．Be careful about your private information.‎ C．Try to persuade more people to be on your side.‎ D．So if you can, figure out how the rumor occurs.‎ E．In other words, don't be the person to spread rumors.‎ F．It's tending to make up lies or expose information that hurts others.‎ G．And make you as much of a bully as any other rumor starter.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。讲述了如何正确应对谣言。‎ ‎36．解析：选B　根据标题下的一段内容可知，本段主要讲的是“‎ 对你自己的隐私要小心谨慎”，故选B项。B项中的“private information”也与文中的“private information”相匹配。‎ ‎37．解析：选D　根据本段的小标题“Try to understand where it's coming from, and why”及空前的内容可知，对谣言作出反应前，弄清楚谣言很重要。所以如果你能的话，要弄清楚谣言的起因，故D项符合语境。‎ ‎38．解析：选E　根据本段的小标题“Resist the urge to dish it out”及空处上下文的内容可知，空处讲的应是不要做散播谣言的人，故E项符合语境。‎ ‎39．解析：选F　根据下文的“taking revenge in this way”可知，空处的内容应是报复的方法，故F项符合语境。‎ ‎40．解析：选G　根据上文的内容可知，如果以散布谣言的方式报复别人的话，你可能会在短期内感觉良好，但是最后，这只会使得谣言继续被散布，故G项承接上文，进一步说明了这种报复方式的消极后果。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ It's amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school.‎ We have a small school. There're __41__ about 30 middle school students. It can get really __42__ and stressful as most of the kids get good grades and __43__ to be the best they can be. It's good except that a lot of us middle school kids felt pressured.‎ My friend and I, __44__， set out to find a way to change the __45__. We believed doing things for others was the only way to get ourselves over our __46__ about school.‎ On the first day of school we __47__ put a dollar folded into a heart into one of the senior's lockers with a note saying, “Buy yourself a snack, and share __48__.” We hoped to do that every day. Little did we know the __49__ it would make.‎ People went __50__ over it and everyone was talking about __51__ it might be doing the acts of love and __52__ that maybe they should do something too. Nobody knew it was us but it is so much fun to see the __53__ on everyone's face now! Lots of other people have started to __54__ now too: chocolate bars, cookies, people __55__ their lunches with other kids.‎ My friend and I also put __56__ quotes in all the lockers to encourage others. And now I actually __57__ school and the chance to cheer people up. I hope it will __58__ to the other campuses in the region. __59__ anybody is struggling with being depressed about school or work, I totally __60__ doing a kind act.‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者通过自身经历告诉我们一个令人吃惊的事实：一美元可以改变一个学校的“文化”。‎ ‎41．A.even B．rather C．just D．already 解析：选C　根据上文中的“We have a small school”和下文中的“about 30 middle school ‎ students”可知，学校仅仅(just)有约30名中学生。‎ ‎42．A.embarrassed B．competitive C．exciting D．confusing 解析：选B　根据下文中的“and stressful as most of the kids get good grades”可知，空格处应用competitive“竞争的，有竞争力的”，指学生们在学校竞争激烈，压力繁重。‎ ‎43．A.agree B．dare C．fight D．promise 解析：选C　大多数孩子都取得很好的成绩，都努力做最好的自己。fight to do sth.“努力做某事”。agree to do sth.“同意做某事”；dare to do sth.“敢于做某事”；promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”。‎ ‎44．A.in response B．in return C．in turn D．in advance 解析：选A　作为回应，作者和他的朋友开始寻找一种改变这种文化的方法。in response“作为回应”，符合语境。in return“作为回报”；in turn“反过来”；in advance“提前”。‎ ‎45．A.habit B．rule C．plan D．culture 解析：选D　根据文章首句“It's amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school”可知此处应选culture“文化”。‎ ‎46．A.depression B．knowledge C．ignorance D．expectation 解析：选A　根据前文提到的学生在学校感到很有压力的内容可推知，此处指的应是学生们对学校产生的一种沮丧感。depression“沮丧”；knowledge“知识”；ignorance“无知”；expectation“期望”。‎ ‎47．A.hopefully B．randomly C．casually D．secretly 解析：选D　根据下文的“Nobody knew it was us”可知，此处指的是我们秘密地把折成了心形的一美元纸币放到了其中一个学长或学姐的储物柜中。hopefully“有希望地”；randomly“任意地”；casually“不经意地”；secretly“秘密地”。‎ ‎48．A.encouragement B．experience C．success D．kindness 解析：选D　根据下文中的“acts of love”及“a kind act”可知，此处指的应是分享善意(kindness)。‎ ‎49．A.progress B．difference C．deal D．mess 解析：选B　此处指作者他们不知道它会有什么样的影响。make the difference“有影响，起作用”。‎ ‎50．A.angry B．bad C．wild D．wrong 解析：选C　根据下文中的“everyone was talking about ...”可知，此处指人们在热议这件事。go wild“疯狂，狂热”。‎ ‎51．A.who B．when C．what D．why 解析：选A　每个人都在谈论是谁做了这些好事并决定(deciding)或许他们也应该做点什么。根据下文中的“Nobody knew it was us”可知，此处指的应是这些好事的实施者，故选who。‎ ‎52．A.noticing B．requiring C．reminding D．deciding 解析：选D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎53．A.shame B．regret C．smile D．fear 解析：选C　没人知道是我们做了这些好事，但是现在看到每个人脸上露出的笑容(smile)是极大的乐趣。‎ ‎54．A.act B．accept C．worry D．progress 解析：选A　根据下文中的“chocolate bars, cookies ... with other kids”可知，此处指的是现在许多人也开始行动(act)起来了。‎ ‎55．A.sharing B．mixing C．comparing D．finishing 解析：选A　根据上下文可知，此处讲的是许多人开始行动起来做好事的内容，故应是指与其他孩子分享(sharing)他们的午餐。mix“混合”；compare“比较”；finish“完成”。‎ ‎56．A.grateful B．inspirational C．reasonable D．temporary 解析：选B　根据下文中的“to encourage others”可知，此处应用inspirational，表示“鼓舞人心的”。grateful“感激的”；reasonable“合理的”；temporary“临时的”。‎ ‎57．A.give up B．go into C．pay attention to D．look forward to 解析：选D　根据语境可知，此处指现在作者期待上学，期待拥有使人们振奋起来的机会。give up“放弃”；go into“从事，用于”；pay attention to“关注”；look forward to“‎ 期待，盼望”。‎ ‎58．A.attach B．spread C．subscribe D．adapt 解析：选B　此处指作者希望这种行为能在这个地区的其他校园中传播(spread)开来。‎ ‎59．A.Since B．If C．In case D．Even though 解析：选B　如果有人正在与学校或者工作中的沮丧感作斗争，作者完全会推荐他们去做善举。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故选If。‎ ‎60．A.admit B．consider C．recommend D．imagine 解析：选C　参见上题解析。admit“承认”；consider“考虑”；recommend“推荐，建议”；imagine“想象”。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎(2018·山西省康杰中学期中)With Langzhong in Sichuan, Lijiang in Yunnan and Huizhou in Anhui, Pingyao is one of China's four wellpreserved ancient cities. It __61__ (build) during the Western Zhou Dynasty.‎ ‎__62__ (merciful), Pingyao has escaped the commercialization that has damaged other ancient Chinese cities. And it is not __63__ (possibility) to miss its history. The reason is that the history of Pingyao seems to reveal __64__ (it) along every meter and from every pore (气孔) of the 6.4kilometerlong, 12meterhigh city wall __65__ (design) to defend the city.‎ There are more than 300 historical sites and 4,000 historical homes, and strict controls are enforced to ensure that everything is kept the way it was in the past.‎ In the city center you can see __66__ complete government office in feudal China where the county officials lived and dealt with government affairs. Wellpreserved items in the complex (建筑群), __67__ (cover) more than 26,000 square meters, display __68__ officials used to live and work.‎ During the Qing Dynasty, Pingyao was __69__ North China essentially what Wall Street is to the United States today, a gathering place for __70__ (merchant) from all over the country as well as a distribution center for their goods.‎ 语篇解读：山西平遥古城与四川阆中古城、云南丽江古城、安徽徽州古城是中国保存最为完好的四大古城。本文简要介绍了平遥古城的基本情况。‎ ‎61．was built　考查时态和语态。平遥古城建于西周。根据语境可知，build这一动作发生在过去，故应用一般过去时；build与It(指代Pingyao)之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填was built。‎ ‎62．‎ Mercifully　考查副词。幸运的是，平遥古城摆脱了摧毁其他中国古城的商业化。此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子。‎ ‎63．possible　考查形容词。人们不可能不了解其历史。此处应用possible“可能的”在句中作表语。It is possible to do sth.“可能做某事”。‎ ‎64．itself　考查代词。原因是平遥古城的历史似乎通过每一米城墙、每一个城墙上的气孔彰显了它自己(的存在感)。根据语境可知，reveal的宾语就是“平遥古城的历史”，故用反身代词itself。‎ ‎65．designed　考查非谓语动词。city wall与design之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被设计用来保卫这座城市的城墙”。‎ ‎66．a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个完整的政府机构”，应使用不定冠词a。‎ ‎67．covering　考查非谓语动词。在这个覆盖了26 000多平方米的建筑群里保存完好的物件展示了官员们过去是怎样生活和工作的。the complex与cover之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词。‎ ‎68．how　考查宾语从句。how在此处引导宾语从句，在句中作方式状语，表示“如何，怎样”。‎ ‎69．to　考查固定句型。此处是一个固定句型，A is to B what C is to D“A对于B就像C对于D一样”，此处表示在清朝，平遥古城对于北方的中国而言就像现今华尔街对于美国一样，故用to。‎ ‎70．merchants　考查名词的数。merchant“商人”，为可数名词，且前面无限定词修饰，故应用其复数形式。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ Cars have become popular means of transportation as the development of society. They constant bring great convenience to our life. Unluckily, they have also caused problem such as air pollution and traffic jams. So the current task for us is how we can do to solve the problems. As far as I am concerned, switch our transportation from cars to bicycles is a good solution. For one thing, bicycles don't need any petrol. For other, bicycles are environmentally friendly. What's much more, riding bicycles is a good way of exercising and it is very benefit to our health. Therefore, I would rather that people try bicycles.‎ 答案：第一句：popular前加a; as→with 第二句：constant→constantly 第三句：problem→problems 第四句：how→what 第五句：switch→switching 第七句：other→another 第八句：去掉much; benefit→beneficial 第九句：try→tried 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter想和家人周末前往上海迪士尼乐园(Shanghai Disneyland)游玩，向你咨询相关信息。请你给Peter回一封电子邮件，要点如下：‎ ‎1．开园时间：9：00－21：00；‎ ‎2．标准票(1.4m以上)：370元/人，儿童票(1.0m－1.4m)：280元/人；‎ ‎3．建议和祝愿。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Peter，‎ From your letter I have known that you and your family plan to visit the Shanghai Disneyland at weekends. I am willing to tell you something about it.‎ The Disneyland is open to the public from 9：00 to 21：00, when you can enjoy a magical world. As for the ticket, the price for people over 1.4m is 370 yuan per person, while a child between 1.0m and 1.4m only needs to pay 280 yuan. Besides, I have some suggestions for you. Considering the food in the park is extremely expensive, you'd better take some snacks and water. Additionally, you are supposed to wear sports shoes, which can make your visit more enjoyable.‎ Wish you a happy visit. If you have any other questions, don't hesitate to turn to me.‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua