上海高考英语模拟题附详细答案(拿来即可用)

上海高考英语模拟题附详细答案(拿来即可用)

1 / 12 高三 英语试题 1 II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) American parents usually think that their child （25） have less pocket money than the children whom he often connects with even if they are wealthier. And they don’ t expect their children to compare with the richer if some conditions make （26） impossible for the children to get the same pocket money （27） the children in the neighborhood. The pocket money is not controlled by the parents, because a child can learn to use money correctly （28） dealing with it himself. If a 7 – year – old child gets one dollar as a week pocket money and is made to put it all in his piggy bank to save it up, he can ’t know （29） the real use for the money is. The children can use part of his pocket money to buy something he especially wants. By the time he is eight, he is old enough that parents can take the child to the bank, （30） （open）a saving account for him, and encourage him to put a certain amount of his pocket money into the bank and watch his bank savings grow as entry by entry （存入）is made. He will be saving, earning, and spending suitable quantities all along in order to learn how （ 31） （manage） money and to keep him in a favorable position with his friends. If a boy can ’t join his fellows in a sweet shop once in a while because he has to save every cent he gets or earns for some big unknown project his parents have chosen for him, he is a sorry child. （B） Have you ever lain in the sun, ___(32) (enjoy) the entertainment of reading a newspaper? Have you ever sat in an underground railway, killing your boring time by turning a newspaper? If you have made it, there is no doubt_ (33)__you may not deny the importance of newspapers as a popular medium. Newspapers provide us with great convenience. (34) the electric media like televisions and computers offers us another way to obtain information, their generation by electricity limits their uses indoors. On the other hand, newspapers may be carried (35) we plan to. In addition, their small size and light weight will surely spare our effort to take them. 2 / 12 __(36) advantage of newspapers lies in their non-pollution. It may be said without fear of exaggeration that almost all those electronic media do harm to people’s health. (37) (take) televisions for example: exposures to radiations ( 辐射 ), a kind of pollution, from them in the long run will damage people ’ s health, (38) (especial) for pregnant women. The same case can also be found in computers. Newspapers, by contrast, are made of natural materials. Therefore no pollution will be given off nor are people subjected to the risk of illness when they read a newspaper. It is true that electronic media also has some superior (39) newspapers. They can give us more direct information, not only by words but by sounds and pictures as well. But regarding newspapers as a medium of the past is (40) apparent understanding, far from the truth. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. arrangement B. association C. budgeting D. educator E. expenses F. handle G. household H. invest I. secondary J. sponsored K. identify Miss Li was born in a big city. After she graduated from a university, she was asked to be sent to work at a 41 school in a mountainous area. There many parents have no money to send their children to school. As a(n) 42 , Miss Li found that she had responsibility for these children. So she made good use of her holidays to go back to the city, where she told her old classmates of her idea. As all her classmates are warm-hearted and love public welfare, they can 43 with her easily. After careful discussion, they agreed to organize a(n) 44 to do something for the poor children. In order to collect enough money, they often visited singers to ask them to offer the money that they get from the concerts. They often went to the factories and companies to beg the bosses and managers to 45 their money in the education in the poor areas. What ’ s more, they even reduced their 46 and spare their savings. Miss Li is good at 47 and know how to 48 the money that they collect. Now many children 49 by this association can go back to school. As time goes on, the association organized by Miss Li is a 50 name between the city where she was born and the area where she works. 3 / 12 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. People often fall ill because of me. However, they can hardly blame me; it is largely their own 51 . A tired person may get caught, especially when he goes to crowded places with polluted air. A sudden change in 52 is another factor. In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home. They will catch a cold easily. My latest victim is an energetic student. After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though 53 , he still went to the cinema. Then he got back home and took a cold shower immediately. I seized this golden chance to 54 him. He reacted, trying to 55 me, but I was already 56 deep in his throat. He kept sneezing and his nose was running. 57 he put on some warm clothes, it didn ’ t work, for there were too many of us. Besides, his sore throat kept upsetting him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but 58 . The next day he couldn ’ t go to school. He had lost his appetite and was not as 59 as before. His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C, which would help his 60 . For two days he was nursed by his mother. As he rested more, his defense strengthened and I began to feel the 61 . I knew I had to 62 him before long. But I am not the one who gives up easily, and I made every effort to fight back. 63 , it was my turn to feel 64 now, for his defense system was starting an all-out attack against me. I became 65 and finally my time was over. Do you know what I am? 51. A. fault B. responsibility C. destination D. business 52. A. occasion B. temperature C. season D. condition 53. A. excited B. hurt C. tired D. late 54. A. injure B. attack C. bother D. destroy 55. A. get rid of B. get on with C. put up with D .take hold of 56. A. reproducing B. waiting C. hiding D. disappearing 4 / 12 57. A. Since B. Although C. Whether D. Once 58. A. escaped B. succeeded C. failed D. regretted 59. A. peaceful B. sensible C. happy D. energetic 60. A. study B. development C. recovery D. effect 61. A. loss B. pressure C. operation D. burden 62. A. sacrifice B. catch C. forget D. leave 63. A. Uncertainly B. Unsuccessfully C. Unusually D. Unfortunately 64. A. reluctant B. disappointed C. painful D. ashamed 65. A. weaker B. bigger C. smaller D. stronger Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees ( 黑猩猩 ), behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive. Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator （猎食动 物） gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest. Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else. Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them. 5 / 12 Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again. Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food. As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either. 66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______. A. pretending to be injured B. driving away the adult predator C. leaving its young in another nest D. getting closer to its young 67. By " Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky " (paragraph 5), the author means______. A. chimps are ready to attack others B. chimps are jealous of the winners C. chimps are sometimes dishonest D. chimps can be selfish too 68. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back. B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand. C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests. D. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others. 69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. How do animals learn to lie? B. Does Mother Nature fool animals? C. Do animals lie? D. How does honesty help animals survive? （ B） “ My kids really understand solar and earth-heat energy, ” says a second-grade teacher in Saugus, California. “ Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course. ” These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP), a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading, 6 / 12 writing and math skills, and more. The children don't just plan any city. They map and analyze the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and predict its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. “ Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom, ” says the teacher who developed this program. “ They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected “ official ” and “ planning group ” makes all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser. ” CBEP is a set of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the children's own standards. 70. The Program is designed to __________. A. develop children's problem-solving abilities B. train young scientists for city planning C. direct kids to build solar collectors D. train kids to be future architects 71. An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom to ___________. A. find out kids' creative ideas B. help kids with their program C. give children lectures D. discuss with the teacher 72. Who is the designer of the program? A. A teacher. B. An architect. C. An official. D. A scientist. 73. The children feel free in the program because they _____________. A. can design future buildings themselves B. need not worry about making mistakes C. are given enough time to design models D. have new ideas and rich imagination (C) Stonehenge（巨石阵） may have been a prehistoric health center rather than a site for observing stars or a temple in honor of the dead, scientists said yesterday. New evidence unearthed 7 / 12 at the World Heritage Site in more than 40 years suggests that the monument was a place where the diseased and injured went in groups, seeking cures. After a two-week dig, scientists have concl uded that Stonehenge was “ the ancient healthcare centre of southern England ” because of the existence of “ bluestones ”---the smaller columns of dolerite （辉绿岩） that formed an earlier stone structure. By dating pieces of remains to around 7330BC, Tim Darvill, of Bournemouth University, and Goff Wainwright, of the Society of Amtiquaries have found that hunter-gatherers were at the site on Salisbury Plain 4,000 years earlier than thought. The first stage of Stonehenge, a round earthwork structure, was built around 3000BC. Professor Wainwright added: “ I did not expect the degree of complexity we discovered. We ’ re able to say so much more about when Stonehenge was built and why--- all of which changes our previous understanding of the monument. ” The research reveals the importance of the henge ’ s famous bluestones. Hundreds of bluestone chips gathered at the site have led the team to conclude that the bluestones were valued for their curing effects---the key reason that about 80 of them, each weighing up to 4 tons and a half, were dragged more than 150 miles from the Preseli Hills to Wiltshire. After years of research, Professors Darvill and Wainwright have concluded that, for thousands of years, the Preseli mountain range was home to magical health centers and holy wells. Even today there are those who believe in the curing powers of the springs for coughs and heart disease, and people who use crystals and bluestones for self-curing. Radiocarbon tests have also revealed that the construction of the original bluestone circle took place around 2300BC, three centuries later than originally thought. Interestingly, on the same day died the “ Amesbury Archer ”---a sick traveler from the Swiss or German Alps who had an infected knee---whose remains were discovered about five miles from Stonehenge. The professors believe that he was a devoted religious person who was hoping to benefit from the curing powers of the monument. 74． Stonehenge is recently believed to be a place for people . A．to recover from poor health B．to observe star movements C．to hold religious ceremonies D．to gather huge bluestones 75． What can be inferred about Stonehenge from the passage? A．The springs could cure coughs and heart disease best. B．The new discovery was the same as what had been expected. 8 / 12 C．Some huge bluestones were not produced at Stonehenge. D．The original bluestone circle was thought to be constructed around 2000BC. 76． The sick traveler in the passage is supposed to be . A．a devoted religious person from Stonehenge B．one of the earliest discoverers of Stonehenge C．the first explorer to test the magical power of bluestones D．a patient trying to cure his infection at Stonehenge 77． Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A．Stonehenge: A New Place of Interest B．Stonehenge: Still Making News C．Stonehenge: Heaven for Adventurers D．Stonehenge: Still Curing Patients Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works. Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon V aldez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation. So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则 ) and devote themselves to more transparency （透明） in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks. All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive 9 / 12 advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular. Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you ’ re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy? Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue （美 德）：it is just good business . (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS ) 78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities. 79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage. 80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________. 81. According to the passage, " good business " (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making p rofits. 第 II 卷（共 47 分） I. Translation （4+4+4+5+5 ） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 应该呼吁更多的中学生加入到慈善义卖会中。 (appeal) 10 / 12 2. 让他们高兴的是，已经有至少 3 家公司愿意资助他们。 (delight) 3. 不久之后我们就能从这项新引进的技术中受益很多。 (It) 4. 看完那些令人震惊的图片后， 我们都感到保护濒临灭绝的野生动物是我们义不容辞的事。 (it) 5. 提及血液的重要性，不少专家认为它是如此珍贵以至于根本找不到可以替代它的东西。 (substitute) II. Guided Writing (25) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 如今不少人越来越爱美，有人为了漂亮的外表选择节食，甚至整容。请你谈谈你对追求美 的看法。 答案： 25 should 26 it 27. as 28. by/through 29. what 30. open 31. to manage 32. enjoying 33. that 34. though/although/while 35. where/wherever 36. Another 37. Take 38. especially 39. to 40. an 41— 50 IDKBH ECFJG 51. A。 文章开头讲到人们生病因为“我” ，却不能责怪“我” 。后面提到不同的人因为不同 的原因生病了，这都是他们自己的过失造成的。 C 是“目的地”的意思。 52. B。看后面一句话，有些人在夏天一回家就吹空调从而感冒，说明是温度骤变导致的。 因为 season不会 sudden change，所以不选 C。 53. C。与第一段 51 题后面的 tired 呼应。 54. B。根据句意。 “我抓住这一良机攻击他” 。与第 5 段第二句 defense 以及 all-out attack 呼 应。 55. A。get rid of “摆脱” , B “与⋯相处” ， C “忍受” ， D“抓住” 56. A。reproduce “繁殖 ,衍生” ，与后面的 there were too many of us 一致。 57. B。根据句意，说明要填写的是让步状语从句的连词。 58. C。有 but 表示转折， “他想通过咳嗽把我和家人赶走，但是失败了” 。 59. D。energetic “有活力的”， A“和平的” B“明智的” C“开心的”。前面说失去胃口， 表明吃不下，没有以往那么有精神。 60. C。“恢复” 。 61. B。因为他的 defense strengthened（防御增强） ，我就变得有压力了。 D 是负担的意思。 62. D。 63. D。根据句意，我想要反击，但是不幸的是，因为他的防御体系足以攻击我，现在轮到 我感觉痛苦了（之前他的感受） 。 64. C。reluctant“勉强的”， ashamed“羞愧的” 65. A. 后面是“我的末日到了” ，说明是越来越弱了。 66. A. 第二段第二句以及后面的例子“它假装有一个坏翅膀” 。 67. C。文章第一段将 “dishonesty”对于动物来说是有利的， 题目中 “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky”的“ also”验证了黑猩猩也是如此，可推出 sneaky 即 dishonest 的意思， 选 C。 11 / 12 68. D. 倒数第二段的倒数第二句话， 说明 D 正确。第三段中 They watch where others bury their food and steal it. 说明 A 错，第五段说明 B 错，第四段 by laying their eggs and flying away 所 以 C 也是错的。 69. C。 70. A。第一段最后一句和最后一段第一句可说明。 71. B。第二段 With the aid of an architect ⋯可以看出是来帮助孩子们完成设计的。 72. A。 第二段中间 says the teacher who developed this program，看出选 A 。 73. B 。第二段 “ They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context 可以得出答案。 74. A. 第一段第一句 Stonehenge may have been a prehistoric health center rather than ⋯ 说明 现在研究认为它是一个医疗中心。 75. C. 第三段 ⋯were dragged more than 150 miles from the Preseli Hills to Wiltshire. 说明蓝石 不是在巨石阵开采的。 76. D.文章最后一句 The professors believe that he was a devoted religious person who was hoping to benefit from the curing powers of the monument. ，说明这个病人本想来此治病却没有 坚持到达巨石阵就死了。 77.B. D 中的 still 不正确，那只是说明过去的人把巨石阵看出治病之处。 78. shareholders and employees 79. Companies talk to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and to governments. / Companies create codes of conduct. / Companies devote themselves to more transparency in their operations. / Companies set common rules with their competitors to spread risks. 80. create value 81. take social responsibilities TRANSLATION 1. More middle school students should be appealed to to take part in the charity funfair. 2. To their delight, there have already been 3 companies willing to finance them. 3. It won ’t be long before we can benefit much from this newly-introduced technology. 4. After seeing those shocking pictures, we all felt it our duty to protect the endangered wildlife. 5. Speaking of the importance of blood, many experts think it is so precious that nothing which can substitute for it can be found. Writing In terms of beauty, the views concerning about it vary from person to person. As far as I am concerned, beauty is a fascinating mixture of both appearance and mind. Nevertheless, many people in society may be ignorant of the definition of the “ beauty ” , following different trends in fashion without any thinking. The beauty of appearance becomes their only worship, which leads them to have cosmetic surgery. Only by having such operations can they satisfy their need for beauty. Meanwhile, there are also many girls who look forward to losing their weight by going on diets. All in all, they fix too much attention to the appearance, thus ignoring the mind of beauty. To some extent, it is the mind that plays an important role in entire beauty. There is no room for doubt that we ought to enrich ourselves to promote our beauty about mind, or we just own good-looking and charming “ packages ” , when others unwrap them, they will see nothing in them. 12 / 12 “ Beauty ” is a timeless and permanent topic discussed by the world, and its principle has an essential identification so that we ought to remember both sides of it and pursue them forever!