2020届人教版高中英语复习选修8学案：Unit1Alandofdiversity

2020届人教版高中英语复习选修8学案：Unit1Alandofdiversity

Unit 1 A land of diversity 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．strait n．　　　　　 海峡 ‎2．Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的 ‎3．the Arctic 北极 ‎4．ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责 ‎5．federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎6．nephew n．　　 　　 侄子；外甥 ‎7．aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 ‎8．vice n．& adj. 代理；副职 ‎9．shave vt.&vi. 刮；剃 ‎10．tram n. (有轨)电车 ‎11．bakery n. 面包房；面包厂　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎12．ferry n．　　　　　 渡船；渡口 vt. 摆渡；渡运 ‎13．seagull n. 海鸥 ‎14．cattle n. 牛(总称)‎ ‎15．mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 ‎16．authority n. 权威；权力 ‎(pl.) 当局；官方　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．distinct adj.　　 　 清晰的；明显的；明确的 ‎2．distinction_ n. 差别；区分；卓著 ‎3．immigrant n. (从外国移入的)移民 ‎4．immigrate vi. 移入(外国定居)‎ ‎5．immigration n. 移民；移居入境 ‎6．means_ n. 手段；方法 ‎7．majority_ n. 大多数；大半　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎8．despite prep.　　　 尽管；不管 ‎9．hardship n. 苦难；困苦 ‎10．elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人 ‎11．boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 ‎12．racial adj. 人种的；种族的 ‎13．crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎14．rail n．　　 　　　 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条 ‎15．percentage n. 百分比；百分率 ‎16．pole n. 地极；电极；磁极 ‎17．applicant n. 申请人 ‎18．customs n. 海关；关税；进口税 ‎19．socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人 adj. 社会主义者的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎20．socialism n．　　　 社会主义 ‎21．occur vi. 发生；出现 ‎22．indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示 ‎23．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage)‎ ‎24．apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的 ‎25．apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地 ‎26．brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器 vi.&vt. 刹(车)；用制动器减速　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎27．conductor n．　　　 (公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥 ‎28．slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n. 滑动；滑倒 ‎29．hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用 ‎30．fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 ‎31．angle n. 角；角度 ‎32．nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎33．punishment n．　　 处罚；惩罚 ‎34．justice n. 正义；公平 ‎35．civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的 ‎36．reform vt.&vi. 改革；革新 n. 改革；改造；改良 ‎37．grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 ‎38．thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎39．insert vt.　　　　　 插入；嵌入 ‎40．thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的 ‎41．a_great/good_many 许多；很多 ‎42．keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)‎ ‎43．live_on 继续存在；继续生存 ‎44．by_means_of_... 用……办法；借助……　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十一屏听写]‎ ‎45．make_a_life　　　　 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 ‎46．back_to_back 背靠背 ‎47．apply_for 申请；请示得到 ‎48．mark_out 用线画出范围；标出……界线 ‎49．take_in 包括；吸收 ‎50．team_up_with 与……合作或一起工作 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.strait n．　　　海峡 ‎2．Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的 ‎6.federal adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的 ‎7．aircraft n. ‎ ‎12.ferry n．　　　 渡船；渡口 vt. 摆渡；渡运 ‎3．ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责 ‎4．shave v. 刮；剃 ‎5．vice n．& adj. 代理；副职 飞行器；航空器；飞机 ‎8．nephew n. 侄子；外甥 ‎9．tram n. (有轨)电车 ‎10．cattle n. 牛(总称)‎ ‎11．bakery n. 面包房；面包厂 ‎13．seagull n. 海鸥 ‎14．mourn v. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 ‎15．authority n. 权威；权力 ‎　　　(pl.) 当局；官方 表达单词 ‎1.rail n．　　　　　　　　　　铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条 ‎2．hardship n. 苦难；困苦 ‎3．occur vi. 发生；出现 ‎4．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage)‎ ‎5．thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的 ‎6．boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 ‎7．angle n. 角；角度 ‎8．civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的 ‎9．hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用 ‎10．grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 ‎11．thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的 ‎12．reform v. 改革；革新 ‎　　 n. 改革；改造；改良 ‎13．despite prep. 尽管；不管 ‎14．nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred_ (发生) in your shop.‎ ‎2．As hiring (雇佣) has become more global, both for employers and candidates, video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process.‎ ‎3．In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was booming_(繁荣) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%.‎ ‎4．Reforming (改革) the education system will be a difficult procedure.‎ ‎5．Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed.‎ ‎6．Despite_ (尽管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies.‎ ‎7．Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question.‎ ‎8．It's thoughtful (体贴的) of Suzy to plan everything well before the event.‎ ‎9．A strong man will bear hardship (困苦) without complaining.‎ ‎15．brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器 v. 刹(车)；用制动器减速 ‎16．pole n. 地极；电极；磁极 ‎17．fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 ‎18．justice n. 正义；公平 ‎19．insert vt. 嵌入；插入 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→distinction n．差别；区分；卓著 ‎2．immigrate vi.移入(外国定居)→immigrant n．(从外国移入的)移民 →immigration n．移民；移居入境 ‎3．means n．方法；手段→ mean_ v．意思是；意味着 adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的→meaning n．意思 ‎4．majority n．大多数；大半→major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．专业→minority n．少数 ‎5．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．选举 ‎6．percentage n．百分比；百分率→percent_ adj.百分之……的 ‎7．racial adj.人种的；种族的→race n．种族；竞争 ‎8．crossing n．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道→cross n．十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生气的 v．使交叉；横过→across prep.在……的对面(过)‎ ‎9．applicant n．申请人→apply ‎ ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．—What is the meaning of the sign on the bottle？　 ‎ ‎—It_means “this side up”．(mean)‎ ‎2．Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)‎ ‎3．Though he failed many times in election,_he never lost heart and at last he was elected President of the USA.(elect)‎ ‎4．He_indicated_that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the test.(indicate)‎ ‎5．All the applicants can apply_in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply)‎ ‎6．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major_in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)‎ ‎7．“Walk across this street and turn left at the first crossing.” the boy told the lady.(cross)‎ ‎8．If a customer wants to bring the goods he buys abroad back to inland, he has to pay some customs when he passes through the Customs.(custom)‎ ‎9．Some socialists_believe that socialism will over time turn into what they see as a more ‎ vi.申请→application n．申请书；申请 ‎10．customs n．海关；关税；进口税→customer n．顾客 ‎11．socialist n．社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的→_society n．社会→social adj.社会的→socialism n．社会主义 ‎12．indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indication n．迹象；标示→indicator n．指示器；指示信号 ‎13．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地 ‎14．conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥→conduct v．管理 ‎15．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n．滑动；滑倒 →slippery adj.滑的 ‎16．punishment n．惩罚；处罚→punish vt.惩罚；处罚 advanced system with no state, money, or social classes.(society)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.live_on　　　　　　　继续存在；继续生存 ‎2．mark_out 标出……界线；用线画出范围 ‎3．apply_for 申请；请示得到 ‎4．take_in 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解 ‎5．keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)‎ ‎6．make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 ‎7．back_to_back 背靠背 ‎1.I would like to apply_for admission to the English Club of our school.‎ ‎2．As senior students, it is important to keep_up a good state of mind.‎ ‎3．A signal may be given by_means_of flags, lights, and guns.‎ ‎4．If you team_up_with your classmates, you will surely get the same work done far better.‎ ‎5．These teenagers don't know much of the ‎ ‎8．by_means_of_... 用……办法；借助…… ‎ ‎9．a_great/good_many 许多；很多 ‎10．team_up_with 与……合作或一起工作 world yet; that's why they are so easily taken_in.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.‎ 然而，可能至少在15 000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。‎ it is likely that ...“有可能……”。‎ 对我们学生而言参观长城有可能是一次难忘的经历。‎ It_is_likely_that a visit to the Great Wall for us students is an unforgettable experience.‎ ‎2.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.‎ 那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。‎ That/This is why ...“那/这就是……的原因”。‎ ‎ 那就是我认为长江这条旅游线路会是一个更好选择的原因。(2017·北京高考书面表达)‎ That's_why_I_think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.‎ ‎3.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.‎ 人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的、主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。‎ It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句。‎ 人们认为不吃早饭的青少年不仅容易在课上睡觉而且也不能专心听课，这自然会导致他们在考试中的成绩不好。‎ It's_believed_that_teenagers_without_having_breakfast_will_not_only_fall_asleep_easily_in_class,_but concentrate less on lessons, which of course, results in their bad performance in exam.‎ 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．majority n．大多数；大半 ‎[教材原句]　Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. ‎ 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。‎ ‎(1)a/the majority of ...　　　 大多数……‎ in the/a majority 占多数 ‎(2)major n．& v. 主修；专业 major in 主修……；以……为专业 ‎(3)minority n. 少数 ‎ in the/a minority 占少数 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans.‎ ‎②The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far.‎ 单句改错 ‎③I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major the gardening after attending college.major后加in 补全句子 ‎④The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.‎ 在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人占少数。‎ ‎[名师指津]　the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎2．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人 ‎[教材原句]　By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.‎ 到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。‎ ‎(1)elect sb. (as/to be)＋职位 ‎＝sb. be elected (as/to be)＋职位(职位前无冠词)‎ ‎(2)election n．　　　　　　选举 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am_elected (elect) as assistant to my English teacher.(2015·陕西高考书面表达)‎ ‎②If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students' afterclass activities.‎ ‎3．occur vi.发生；出现 ‎[经典例句]　It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed.‎ 我突然想起他也许对我们讨论过的那个问题感兴趣。‎ sth. occurs to sb.　　　　　　 某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that ...　 某人突然想起……‎ It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.‎ 句型转换 ‎②It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.‎ ‎→It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.‎ ‎4．hire n．& vt.租用；雇用 ‎[教材原句]　Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. ‎ 同酒店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)做伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。‎ ‎(1)on hire　　　　　　　　 出租 for hire 可供出租 ‎(2)hire sth. out (to sb.) 把……租出去(给某人)‎ ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①There are many bicycles on hire in this area.‎ ‎②There are three small boats available for hire.‎ ‎③David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didn't need it himself.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．When it comes to education, the/a majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.‎ ‎2．She became the first black woman to_be_elected (elect) to the Senate.‎ ‎3．It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.‎ ‎4．With the tourist trade booming (boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.‎ ‎5．The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many applicants (apply)．‎ ‎6．The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.‎ ‎7．Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening.‎ ‎8．Unluckily, she slipped_ (slip) and fell down from the upstairs.‎ ‎9．Furthermore, punishment (punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.‎ ‎10．A new law has been brought in to discourage racial (race) prejudice.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．The majority of the students has passed their biology exam.has→have ‎2．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.去掉were ‎3．Father is thank to me for persuading him to give up smoking.thank→thankful ‎4．We should grasp of every chance to open mouth and speak English.去掉of ‎5．In fact, I didn't realize its importance after I was elected the monitor of our class.去掉the ‎6．There are a lot of people in the park last Sunday. We had everywhere to take a rest, so we got tired.everywhere→nowhere ‎7．I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire for a car.去掉for ‎8．With the boomed population, the competition is heating up for job hunters.boomed→booming Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子 ‎1．镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。(majority)‎ The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_support the plan to build a playground for children.‎ ‎2．她被选入乐队，不是因为她美丽，而是因为她有音乐天赋。(elect)‎ She_was_elected_into_the_band not because she was beautiful but because she had a talent for music.‎ ‎3．迈克尔有一天能成为班里的一名优秀生这样的情况一次也没有发生过。(occur)‎ Not once did_it_occur_to_Michael_that he could one day become a top student in his class. ‎ ‎4．人类会为他们破坏森林的行为而受到处罚。(punish)‎ The_human_beings_will_be_punished for their forestdestroying activities.‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．by means of通过；用……办法；借助……‎ ‎[教材原句]　Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. ‎ 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。‎ by this means　　　　　 用这种方法 by all means 当然可以；没问题 by no means 决不；一点也不(放句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Students build up their vocabularies by means of reading more.‎ ‎②Only by this means is (be) it possible to persuade him out of smoking.‎ 单句改错 ‎③Without knowledge, by no means we achieve our life goal.we前加can ‎2．make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生 ‎[教材原句]　Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.‎ 有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人留在加利福尼亚谋生，尽管困难重重。‎ ‎(1)make/earn a/one's living 谋生 ‎(2)live/lead a ...life 过着……生活 come (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气 bring ...back to life 使……苏醒过来；给……活力 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She had to look for parttime babysitting jobs these years to_make (make) a living.‎ 同义替换 ‎②Happy is the man who can make a living (＝make_a_life) by his hobby.‎ 补全句子 ‎③When Alice came_to_life,_she did not know how long she had been lying there.‎ 当爱丽丝苏醒时，她不知道她已经在那儿躺了多久。‎ ‎3．take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 ‎[教材原句]　It's a 79km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.‎ 这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中take in的含义 ‎①The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.收留 ‎②While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收 ‎③The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括 ‎④Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺骗 ‎⑤Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ take off　　　　 脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)‎ take over 接收；接管；接任；取代 ‎⑥Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to increase output.‎ 为了增加产量，我们厂下个月将再雇用20名工人。‎ ‎4．This/That is why ...“这/那就是……的原因”‎ That_is_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.‎ 那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。‎ this/that is because ...　　　 这/那是因为……‎ this is the reason why ... 这就是……的原因 the reason why ...is that ... ……的原因是……(why引导的是定语从句)‎ the reason that ... is ... ……的原因是……(that引导的同位语从句)‎ ‎①That's why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.‎ 那就是越来越多的中国人对学英语感兴趣的原因。‎ ‎②From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013·安徽高考单选)‎ 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。‎ ‎③The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up.‎ 他取得那么大的成功的原因是他从不放弃。‎ Ⅰ.根据语境选用合适的短语填空 ‎1．The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked_out.‎ ‎2．It_occurs_to me that my friend Tom has a similar experience.‎ ‎3．By_means_of the Internet, we can keep in touch by sending emails.‎ ‎4．In ancient times, many people depended_on horses for transportation.‎ ‎5．Mr. Brown sent an email to the manager, applying_for_ a job in the company.‎ ‎6．John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else.‎ ‎7．It is honorable to make_a_life with your hands while depending on others is a shame.‎ ‎8．After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.‎ ‎9．To keep_up good relationships with your teachers and classmates, you should learn to be on good terms with them.‎ ‎10．It's said that nonsmokers who take_in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．He is believed to play the piano for two hours every day. ‎ ‎→It_is_believed_that he plays the piano for two hours every day.‎ ‎2．They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.‎ ‎→It_is_likely_that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.‎ ‎3．If you give more attention and instruction to the child, he is likely to grow into a musician.‎ ‎→Given_more_attention_and_instruction,_the child is likely to grow into a musician.‎ ‎4．The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was trapped in a traffic jam.‎ ‎→Tom was trapped in a traffic jam and that's_why_he_was_late_for the meeting.‎ ‎5．We need to think about the words that we should say to the visitors.‎ ‎→We need to think about what_we_should_say to the visitors.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．人们认为没有什么人能够在那样的环境中生存下来。(it作形式主语的主语从句)‎ It_is_believed_that_no_human_can_survive in the situation like that.‎ ‎2．科学家们最终到达了所谓的北极。(what引导的宾语从句)‎ The scientists finally arrived in what_was_called_the_Arctic. ‎ ‎3．与整个地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。(过去分词作状语)‎ Compared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.‎ ‎4．我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是我写信发表观点的原因。(why引导的表语从句)‎ I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and that's_why_I'm_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.‎ ‎5．他们很可能更理解我们，给我们一些合理的建议。(be likely that ...)‎ It_is_likely_that_they_can_understand_us_better_and_give_us_some_reasonable_advice.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——复习名词性从句作主语、宾语和表语 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.‎ ‎2．Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is.‎ ‎3．Whoever comes will be welcome to the openair concert.‎ ‎4．Every day he goes to the library by bike except when_it rains.‎ ‎5．I am afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything.‎ ‎6．Clark is not sure whether Sharon will refuse his invitation.‎ ‎7．He made it clear at the meeting that he wouldn't agree to the plan.‎ ‎8．I read about it in some book or another, but what I don't know is which it is.‎ ‎9．I failed in the exam.It is because I didn't prepare for it.‎ ‎10．He said how he regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．That he wants to tell us is not clear.That→What ‎2．It is required students in this school should wear their uniform on weekdays.required后加that ‎3．Who comes to the party will receive a present.Who→Whoever ‎4．The reason why Alan was late was because he missed the early bus.because→that ‎5．It doesn't matter if or not Lydia will come.if→whether ‎6．I'd like to start my own business — that is why I'd do if had the money.why→what ‎7．What his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. What→That ‎8．Nobody is sure that humans will look like in a million years.that→what Ⅲ.补全或翻译句子(注意使用名词性从句)‎ ‎1．月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。‎ Whether_there_is_life_on_the_moon_is_an_interesting_question.‎ ‎2．我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。‎ We must never think (that)_we_are_good_in_everything while others are good in nothing.‎ ‎3．他本希望以更低的价格得到那部手机。那就是他上当的原因。‎ He had hoped to get the phone at a lower price. That was why_he_was_taken_in.‎ ‎4．英语老师要求我们在读课文时画出我们认为重要的知识点。‎ Our English teacher requires us to underline what_we_regard_as important points when we read the text. ‎ ‎5．最让我印象深刻的是他首次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。‎ What_impressed_me_most_was_that_he_passed_his_driving_test at the first attempt.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作练缩写——让语言更凝练 ‎[题目要求]‎ 假定你是李华，你的加拿大笔友Peter发来Email说，今年暑假，他想选择中国的某个村庄来体验乡村生活，希望你能介绍一个理想的地方。请把下面的习作缩写成100词左右的短文，给Peter发一封电子邮件，用英语介绍描述该村庄的具体地理位置，并简要介绍其历史和发展变化。注意保留加黑部分。‎ Dear Peter，‎ I'm glad to know that you are going to visit a village of our country this summer holiday. I'd like to introduce my hometown to you. I really wish you can enjoy it.‎ My hometown lies in a mountainous area, and to the north of it is a high mountain which is famous for its green plants, fresh air and clear water. In the south of our village runs a small river, in which the water is so clean that we can see the reflected houses and green trees. There are many old and interesting houses and yards as well as some modern buildings in our village, and I think you will love it.‎ Great changes have taken place in our hometown in the past few years. Many broad roads have been built connecting our village with other villages and cities. People's living standards ‎ have been greatly improved and they live a better life than before, and they will give you a warm welcome when you come.‎ Looking forward to seeing you soon.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear Peter，‎ I'm glad to know that you are going to visit a village of our country this summer holiday. I'd_like_to_introduce_my_hometown_to_you.‎ Located_in_a_mountainous_area,_my_hometown_is_famous_for_its_green_plants,_fresh_air_and_clear_water._To_the_north_of_it_is_a_high_mountain._In_the_south_of_our_village_runs_a_small_river,_whose_water_is_very_clean._There_are_many_old_and_interesting_houses_and_yards_as_well_as_some_modern_buildings_in_our_village,_and_I_think_you_will_love_it.‎ Great_changes_have_taken_place_in_our_hometown_in_the_past_few_years._Many_broad_roads_have_been_built._People's_living_standards_have_been_greatly_improved,_and_they_will_give_you_a_warm_welcome_when_you_come.‎ Looking forward to seeing you soon.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅰ.完形填空 There are more than four million American Indians and Alaskan natives in the United States. They __1__ to more than five hundred Indian tribes. Many tribe __2__ live on reservations. These are areas that the United States government __3__ up for native tribes that had lost their lands to European settlers.‎ There are about three hundred Indian reservations in the United States, some of __4__ are larger than American __5__. The United States Interior Department's Bureau of Indian Affairs supervises these territories. Tribes on reservations have limited selfrule.‎ On the __6__， American Indians do not __7__ the same economic and educational success as other Americans. A(n) __8__ study by Harvard University says American Indians generally __9__ less money and have __10__ unemployment than other Americans. The study says they also have higher __11__ of disease and die younger than other American groups.‎ The Bureau of Indian Affairs __12__ education services for almost fifty thousand Indian children in 1,084 __13__. Experts from Harvard say college attendance rates among the Indian population is half that of the __14__ population. But, they also say the situation is improving. The experts say the __15__ of Native American Indians __16__ higher education has more than ‎ doubled in the last twenty years.‎ Harvard researchers __17__ say that the American Indian economy has __18__ at three times the national rate since 1980s. Some of the __19__ should be owed to expansion of the American Indian gambling industry. More than two hundred Indian tribes have __20__ gambling legal on their reservations. Native American casinos and other gaming businesses earn more than twenty billion dollars each year.‎ 语篇解读：美国有四百多万美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人。本文从经济、工作、教育等方面介绍了印第安人的情况。‎ ‎1．A.stick　　　　　　　　　　 B．belong C．connect D．depend 解析：选B　上文谈到“有四百多万美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人”，下文谈到“五百多个印第安部落”。由此可看出，这些人“属于”这些部落，因此选belong。‎ ‎2．A.natives B．people C．persons D．members 解析：选D　此处指居住在保留地上的部落“成员”。‎ ‎3．A.set B．held C．gave D．took 解析：选A　由前面的areas判断，要用set up(建立)。hold up意为“支撑”；give up意为“放弃”；take up意为“占用”。‎ ‎4．A.them B．whom C．which D．what 解析：选C　根据该空前面的逗号可知，此处为非限制性定语从句。由于先行词是reservations，指物，因此选which。‎ ‎5．A.states B．countries C．provinces D．neighbours 解析：选A　根据上下文语境可知，此处表示有些保留地的面积比美国一些州的面积还要大。‎ ‎6．A.hand B．whole C．contrary D．way 解析：选B　on the whole为固定短语，意为“总的来说”。‎ ‎7．A.spare B．save C．enjoy D．like 解析：选C　根据下文的“less money”和“unemployment”判断，答案应为enjoy，意为“享有”。‎ ‎8．A.containing B．including C．remaining D．continuing 解析：选D　句意：哈佛大学一直在进行一项研究，该研究报告表明……。continuing意为“持续的”。‎ ‎9．A.borrow B．lend C．earn D．pay 解析：选C　根据上文提到的“印第安人没有同其他美国人一样享有经济和教育上的成功”推断，印第安人赚的钱要少。‎ ‎10．A.much B．more C．many D．enough 解析：选B　根据下文的“than”可知，此处要用more，构成比较级，表示印第安人的失业率较高。‎ ‎11．A.rates B．dates C．scores D．costs 解析：选A　rate意为“比率”。此处指“患病的比率”。‎ ‎12．A.offers B．provides C．gives D．contributes 解析：选B　根据下文的介词“for”并结合语境判断，此处要用provides。provide sth. for sb.意为“给某人提供某物”。‎ ‎13．A.homes B．hospitals C．schools D．parks 解析：选C　由前面的“education”推断，此处应选schools。‎ ‎14．A.ordinary B．common C．special D．general 解析：选D　general意为“总体的”。general population意为“总人口”。‎ ‎15．A.number B．quality C．amount D．plenty 解析：选A　根据下文谈到的“在过去的20年里翻了一倍多”判断，此处应为“数目”。‎ ‎16．A.searching B．seeking C．acknowledging D．teaching 解析：选B　此处为“寻求高等教育的人”。‎ ‎17．A.ever B．even C．also D．still 解析：选C　also意为“还；也”。第14个空后的“they also say”是提示。‎ ‎18．A.planted B．raised C．arisen D．grown 解析：选D　上文谈到“情况有了改善”，“寻求高等教育的人多了”，因此“经济也就增长了”。‎ ‎19．A.improvement B．management C．instruction D．impression 解析：选A　improvement意为“提高，改进”。与上一段中的“they also say the situation is improving”相呼应。‎ ‎20．A.treated B．obeyed C．ruled D．made 解析：选D　该句为“make sth.＋adj.”结构，此处表示“使赌博合法化”。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 My Travel Experience in China During the summer holidays I visited a variety of regions in China.‎ My first stop was Beijing and of course the Great Wall. Without question it lived up to my __1__ (expect)．‎ After a long journey I reached Yunnan. With __2__ (it) minority villages and impressive landscapes, Yunnan had a lot to offer. One of my __3__ (enjoy) moments in Yunnan was during my visit to The Tiger Leaping Gorge. The climb over the gorge was at times exhausting __4__ always breathtaking. The views couldn't __5__ (imagine) in their beauty and they __6__ (leave) me with many great memories.‎ After taking a boat from the mainland I arrived at __7__ island province of Hainan. There I visited Baihua Waterfall. Floating on a pool of water at the base and looking up at the waterfall with a background of blue sky was one of the most __8__ (relax) experiences of my life.‎ Throughout China there are many ancient buildings and in particular ancient towns. Lijiang and Dali both have glorious __9__ (example) of this. It was remarkable to step back in time and get an idea of __10__ China might have looked like all those years ago. I thought the buildings were beautiful and full of history.‎ I had a wonderful time! China is both fascinating and beautiful!‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者的暑期中国之旅并具体介绍了游玩的城市及景点。‎ ‎1．expectation(s)　live up to one's expectation(s)是固定用法，意为“达到某人的期望”。故填expectation(s)。‎ ‎2．its　空格处指代上句中的“Yunnan”，且minority villages, impressive landscapes和Yunnan之间是所属关系，故用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎3．enjoyable　根据空格后的名词“moments”可知，空格处应用形容词，意为“愉快的”‎ ‎。故填enjoyable。‎ ‎4．but　句意：虽然爬上峡谷有时让人筋疲力尽，但总是让人兴奋不已。根据句意可知，空格前后之间为转折关系。故填but。‎ ‎5．be imagined　句子的主语The views和动词imagine之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；情态动词could后用动词原形。故填be imagined。‎ ‎6．left　此处叙述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填left。‎ ‎7．the　根据“island province of Hainan”可知，这里特指海南岛，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎8．relaxing　空格处修饰名词“experiences”，应用形容词，意为“令人放松的”。故填relaxing。‎ ‎9．examples　根据该句主语“Lijiang and Dali”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填examples。‎ ‎10．what　分析该句结构可知，空格处引导的宾语从句作介词of的宾语；空格处在从句中作looked like的宾语，意为“……的样子”。故用what引导该宾语从句。‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 It was my first time visiting the United States. Before __1__ (leave) for Washington D．C., I downloaded some introductions about some tourist __2__ (attract) in the city. Therefore I knew something about this city before the trip. A lot of things happened during my trip to WashingtonD．C. However, __3__ impressed me most is the International Spy Museum, which I visited on the __4__ (three) day of the trip.‎ In my spare time, I often watched movies about spies with my parents because I was __5__ (extreme) interested in spies. I acquired __6__ good knowledge of that after I read the descriptions in the museum. I learned that spies usually hid important letters in an umbrella, in a shoe, or even in a pair of ordinary __7__ (glass). When they thought they were probably found out, they could have their appearances __8__ (change) in a few minutes. They put on fake hair, eyes or teeth. If they had an emergency, they even changed a smaller pair of shoes to change their walking styles in order not to __9__ (recognize)．‎ ‎__10__ conclusion, it was a nice trip. I had a good time in Washington D．C. I will remember this trip forever.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者去美国的一次旅游经历。‎ ‎1．leaving　leave与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，故此处应用leave的现在分词形式作状语。故用leaving。‎ ‎2.attractions　attraction是可数名词，根据其前的“some”可知，此处应用其复数形式。tourist attractions意为“旅游景点”。故用attractions。‎ ‎3．what　分析句子结构可知，“________ impressed me most”是主语从句，空格处在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”。故用what。‎ ‎4．third　此处表示“第三天”，定冠词the与序数词连用，表示“第几”。故用third。‎ ‎5．extremely　此处应用副词extremely修饰形容词interested，意为“非常感兴趣”。故用extremely。‎ ‎6．a　acquire a knowledge of ...为固定短语，意为“学会、获得……的知识”。故用a。‎ ‎7．glasses　根据空格前的“a pair of”可知，此处指“一副眼镜”，表示复数概念。故用glasses。‎ ‎8．changed　此处构成have sth. done的结构，意为“使某物被做”。此外指“使他们的外貌被改变”。故用changed。‎ ‎9．be recognized　根据句子结构分析可知，动词recognize与句子主语they之间是被动关系，意为“他们甚至换了一双小一些的鞋子，改变了走路的样子，就是为了不被认出来”；to后用动词原形。故用be recognized。‎ ‎10．In　in conclusion意为“总之”。故用In。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 It has been several week since I came to my new school. It was a clean, beautiful and modern one, with a large playground and an amazed digital readingroom. All the teachers are friendly and kindly. Among them, I like my English teacher best, who is enthusiastic but popular with us. He is also strict to us. He teaches us in an unusual way. Besides, he always avoids making us to feel embarrassed in class. All my classmates works hard. We're enjoying such new life and trying to develop us for the future.‎ 答案：第一句：week→weeks 第二句：was→is; amazed→amazing 第三句：kindly→kind 第四句：but→and 第五句：to→with 第七句：去掉to 第八句：works→work 第九句：such后加a; us→ourselves Ⅲ.书面表达 假定你是李华，正在“山水甲天下”的桂林旅游，这里山清水秀，景色宜人。请你发一封电子邮件将你的经历告诉你在上海学习汉语的外国朋友Tom，内容包括：‎ ‎1．写信目的；‎ ‎2．旅游经历；‎ ‎3．建议他去桂林旅游。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：梯田terrace　山歌folk song 广西壮族自治区Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Dear Tom，‎ Believe it or not, now I'm writing to share my traveling experience in Guilin with you.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Tom，‎ Believe it or not, now I'm writing to share my traveling experience in Guilin with you.It's in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, famous for its mountains and waters.‎ I have been here for five days, during which time not only did I enjoy the fascinating scenery like the magical terraces, unique mountains and clear rivers, but also I tried the traditional weaving of Zhuang people.What impressed me most was the spectacular folksongsinging competition on the Lijiang River, which attracted thousands of visitors and locals.Guilin enjoys a worldwide reputation for its beautiful scenery, so it's well worth visiting.‎ I dare say a foreigner failing to Guilin hasn't really been to China.I strongly recommend you visit it after finishing your study.‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua