2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 5Meeting your ancestors单元学案（22页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 5Meeting your ancestors单元学案（22页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 5Meeting your ancestors单元学案 ‎ 单元基础词汇 ‎1．historian n． 历史学家__‎ ‎2．primitive adj. 原始的__‎ ‎3．ancient adj. 古代的__‎ ‎4． civilized__ adj.文明的 ‎5．hardship n． 苦难__‎ ‎6． cultural__ gap文化差异 ‎7．originate from__起源于 ‎8．come into being 形成；产生；出现__‎ ‎9． historic__ relics历史遗产 ‎10．date back to/date from 追溯到__‎ ‎11．in memory of 为了纪念__‎ ‎12．pass down 传递； 使流传__‎ ‎13．look back at history 回顾历史__‎ ‎14．settle in__定居；安顿下来 ‎15．ancient society 古代社会__‎ 单元好句 ‎1．In the course of history, every event will exert its influence on the past__ and the present__.‎ 在历史的发展演进中，每一件事都会产生对当时的影响和后世的意义。‎ ‎2．Life consists of not only__ sunshine but also__ hard ‎ times.‎ 生活包含的不仅仅是阳光，还有艰苦岁月。‎ ‎3．This is the site of__ Upper Cave man, where__ our ancestors once lived.‎ 这就是山顶洞人的遗址，我们祖先在远古生活的地方。‎ 词汇素养 Ⅰ.单词识记 ‎1． interrupt__vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→ interruption__n.中断；干扰 ‎2． somehow__adv.以……方式；不知怎么地 ‎3． alternative__n.[C]选择　adj.供选择的；其他的→ alternatively__adv.供选择地 ‎4． arrest__vt.逮捕； (熟词生义) 吸引；抑制；阻止__　n．[C，U]逮捕；拘留 ‎5． assume__vt.假定；设想；承担→ assuming__prep.假设→ assumption__n.[C]设想；假定 ‎6． significance__n.[C，U]意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→ significant__adj.重要的 ‎7． sharpen__vi.& vt. (使)锋利；尖锐；清晰→ sharp__adj.锋利的；尖锐的→ sharply__adv.急剧地；严厉地 ‎8． messy__adj.凌乱的；脏的→ mess__n.[C]凌乱；脏 ‎9． ripen__vt.& vi. (使)成熟→ ripe__adj.成熟的 ‎10． starvation__n.[U]挨饿；饿死→ starve__vt.挨饿；饿死 ‎11． division__n.[U]分割；划分；分配；[C]分界线→ divide__v.分割；划分；分配 ‎12． accuracy__n.[U]精确；准确→ accurate__adj.准确的；精确的→ accurately__adv.准确地；精确地 ‎13．accelerate vi.& vt. 加速；促进__→ acceleration__ n．加速加快 ‎14．applaud vi.& vt. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏__→ applause__ n．鼓掌；喝彩 Ⅱ.词汇运用 ‎1． (2016·北京卷)．.., thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly__ (significant)．‎ ‎2． (2016·上海卷)It is an accurate__ (accuracy) reflection of the original.‎ ‎3． (湖北卷)You shouldn't have interrupted__ (interrupt) the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterwards.‎ ‎4． (湖北卷)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharply__ (sharp), “Don't be so mean.”‎ ‎5． (天津卷)I went on alternative__ (alternatively) break trips and had my life totally transformed by that experience.‎ ‎6． (山东卷)The more we are aware of the significance__ (significant) of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.‎ ‎7．“Give her a big round of applause__！” said the monitor， applauding__the famous singer excitedly. (applaud)‎ ‎8．The pencil sharpener__is a tool which can sharpen__a pencil to make it sharp__to write fluently. (sharp)‎ ‎9．I have been so busy that I have no time to clean the mess__,_so the house looks very messy__. (mess)‎ Ⅲ.单词巧记 ‎1．en构成的动词集锦 ‎①sharp→sharpen v．磨快；使敏捷 ‎②ripe→ripen v. 变成熟 ‎③short→shorten v. 变短；缩短 ‎④wide→widen v. (使)变宽 ‎⑤deep→deepen v. 使变深 ‎⑥strong→strengthen v. 加强 ‎⑦fright→frighten v. (使)惊吓 ‎⑧dark→darken v. 使变暗 ‎⑨hard→harden v. 使变硬 ‎⑩loose→loosen v. (使)变松 ‎2．现在分词/过去分词用作介词或连词小结 ‎①assuming　假设；假定 ‎②considering　鉴于；考虑到 ‎③including　包含；包括 ‎④supposing　假设；假如 ‎⑤provided/providing　假设；如果 ‎⑥concerning 　关于 ‎⑦given　鉴于；考虑到 ‎3．以“fy”结尾的动词 ‎①identify vt.确认；识别 ‎②clarify vt.澄清；阐明 ‎③satisfy vt.使满意 ‎④beautify vt.美化 ‎⑤classify vt.分类 ‎⑥purify vt.使纯净 ‎⑦simplify vt.简化 短语速记 Ⅰ.短语默写 ‎1． at most__至多；最多 ‎2． cut up__切碎；伤心 ‎3． care about__在乎；关心；担心 ‎4． be aware of__意识到 ‎5． regardless of__不管；不顾 ‎6． keep out__关在门外；不准入内 ‎7． fed up with__受够了；饱受；厌烦 ‎8． look ahead__向前看；为将来打算 ‎9． date from/back to__追溯到……；始于……‎ ‎10． with/in relief__轻松地；欣慰地；如释重负地 Ⅱ.短语填空 ‎1．He said the public must be made aware of__the dangers of passive smoking.‎ ‎2．The history of this country can date from/back to__the Stone Age.‎ ‎3．The passengers all sighed with/in relief__when the plane ‎ finally landed safely.‎ ‎4．He continued speaking， regardless of__my feelings about the matter.‎ ‎5．The little boy is required to play computer games for at most__2 hours a day.‎ ‎6．Whenever we are in trouble, we must look ahead__and encourage ourselves.‎ ‎7．There was only one piece of candy, so she cut__it up__into little pieces and gave them to the children.‎ ‎8．In the end, I just got fed up with__his constant complaining.‎ Ⅲ.联想归纳 ‎1．at most相关短语荟萃 ‎①at most至多 ‎②at least至少 ‎③not in the least一点也不 ‎2．无被动语态的动词短语聚焦 ‎①date from/back to追溯到 ‎②belong to属于 ‎③consist of由……组成 ‎④come true变成现实 ‎⑤take place发生 ‎⑥break out爆发 ‎3．常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语：‎ ‎①be of significance＝be significant ‎②be of importance＝be important ‎③be of value＝be valuable ‎④be of help＝be helpful ‎⑤be of use＝be useful ‎⑥be of interest＝be interesting 句式悟通 背会原句 知晓考点 我会仿用 ‎1.！！！If_only it could be just like last year!要是能像去年那样该多好呀！‎ 此句用了虚拟语气，if only...意为“要是……就好了”。‎ ‎1.今年春节全家能团圆就好了！ If only__ the whole family could be united__ during the Spring Festival this year!‎ ‎2.Abruptly she sat down, ！！！only_to_be_scooped_up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.‎ 她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。‎ ‎ only to do sth.“不料；结果……”，动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况。‎ ‎2.他们匆忙赶到公司，不料却被告知他们被开除了。‎ They hurried to the company only to be told__ they were fired.‎ 　‎ 精 研 词 汇 短 语 ‎1．alternative adj.供选择的；其他的　n．可能的选择；选择对象 归纳拓展 ‎(1)have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事 have the alternative of doing sth.有做某事的选择 there's no alternative...……别无选择 alternative energy 可替代能源 ‎(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地；或者 温馨提示 ‎“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式有：‎ ‎①have no choice but to do sth.②can't do sth.but do sth.‎ ‎③can do nothing but do sth.,‎ 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①I'm afraid I have no alternative but to report__ you to the police.‎ 恐怕除了向警方告发你以外，我别无选择了。‎ ‎②If you don't like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing__ your own.‎ 要是你不喜欢学校的午餐，你可以自己带饭。‎ ‎③ (牛津词典)You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives__.‎ 你的工资可以按周以现金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。‎ ‎④ (2017·江苏)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative__ explanations are hard to find.‎ 恐龙的灭绝不一定是因为天体的碰撞，但也难以找到别的解释。‎ ‎2．interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 归纳拓展 ‎(1)interrupt... (with sth.) (因某事)打断……‎ ‎(2)interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物 without interruption 连续地；不断地 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①They were interrupted__ by a sudden and urgent knock at the door.‎ 他们被突然而急促的敲门声打断了。‎ ‎②Let's go somewhere we can talk without interruption__.‎ 我们去找个可以持续交谈而不受打扰的地方吧。‎ 单句语法填空。‎ ‎③I'd appreciate it if you stop interrupting__ (interrupt) me when I'm talking.‎ ‎④Heavy smog and fog continued to hit many parts of east and north China on Thursday, causing traffic interruption__ (interrupt)．‎ ‎3．assume vt.假定；设想 归纳拓展 ‎(1)assume...to be... 假定/假设……是……‎ It is assumed that... 一般认为……‎ ‎(2)assumption n. 假定；假设 make an assumption 认为；假定 on the assumption that... 假定……‎ assume/assuming (that)．..假设/假定……,‎ 多维训练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎① Assuming__ (assume) you are right, we'll make a great deal of money from the project.‎ ‎②It is assumed__ (assume) that mental health is related to physical health.‎ ‎③A lot of people make the assumption__ (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.‎ ‎4．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 归纳拓展 ‎(1)be of significance to...对……有重要意义 attach significance to...认为……重要 ‎(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的 It is significant that...很明显……‎ 多维训练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎① (牛津高阶)She couldn't grasp the full significance__ (significant) of what he had said.‎ ‎②Only then did he realize the significance__ (significant)of protecting wild animals.‎ 句型转换。‎ ‎③The factory set up the year before is very significant to this area's economy.‎ ‎→The factory set up the year before is of great significance/importance　###to this area's economy.‎ ‎5．regardless of不管；不顾 (侧重指不计后果和代价)‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)regardless of 强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether，what引导的从句 ‎(2)despite/in spite of 意为“尽管……但是……”，其后常接名词，不接从句 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎① (2016·江苏高考书面表达)In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of__ time and space.‎ 除此之外，网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、方便了。‎ ‎② (2015·天津) Despite__ the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.‎ 虽然经过了先前几轮的谈判，但是到目前为止，双方没有达成共识。‎ 高考小作文。‎ ‎③ (安徽高考书面表达)如果你想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的情感，你就会伤害他人。‎ You will hurt others if you say what you think, regardless of others' feelings__.‎ ‎6．be fed up with 对……厌倦；受够了 归纳拓展 ‎(1)be tired of 对……感到厌烦 be bored with 对……厌倦了 have enough of 对……受够了/厌倦了 ‎(2)feed on以……为食 feed...with/on...用……喂……；供给……，提供……‎ feed＋食物＋to...用某物喂养……‎ 多维训练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎①Please feed some grass to__the cow.‎ ‎②Pandas feed on__bamboo leaves.‎ ‎③He is busy feeding the computer with__new data.‎ ‎④ Fed__ (feed) up with his lies，she won't believe in him any longer.‎ 同义句改写。‎ ‎⑤Tom was fed up with being teased about his baldness，so he decided to revenge those who played tricks on him. (用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ ‎ Fed up with being teased about his baldness，Tom decided to revenge those who played tricks on him.　###‎ ‎7．date back to (＝date from) 追溯到……；始于……‎ 归纳拓展 up to date 时髦的 out of date 过时的 温馨提示 date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。‎ 多维训练 用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎①My interest in stamp collecting dates__ (date) from/back to my schooldays.‎ 我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。‎ ‎②It's believed that our school can date from__1947.‎ 据认为我们学校可以追溯至1947年。‎ ‎③According to the expert, the temple has a history dating__ (date) from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.‎ 那个专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。‎ 精 析 句 型 结 构 ‎1．！！！If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!‎ 她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！‎ 句中if only...意为“要是……就好了”，用来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)if only...had done...表示对与过去事实相反的愿望 ‎(2)if only...did...表示对与现在事实相反的愿望 ‎(3)if only...could/would/might do...表示对将来事情的愿望 (不用should)‎ 温馨提示 注意易与if only用法相混淆的“only if”中only仅起强调作用，意为“只要”。“only＋状语”位于句首时，引起句子部分倒装。‎ 多维训练 完成句子。‎ ‎①If only I had__ more time to think about this suggestion.‎ 我要是有更多时间考虑这个建议就好了。‎ ‎②As many as 150 miners died in the accident. If only the mine owners had paid__ enough attention to the safety measures!‎ 多达150名矿工在那次事故中丧生，要是矿主足够关注安全措施就好了！‎ 用if only, only if填空。‎ ‎③ If only__ I could speak several foreign languages.‎ ‎④ Only if__ you promise not to invite Mary will I come.‎ 单句语法填空。‎ ‎⑤If only everyone here were__ (be) honest.‎ ‎⑥—I didn't see you at the concert last week.What a pity!‎ ‎—If only I had afforded__ (afford) the time.‎ ‎2．Abruptly, she sat down, ！！！only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.‎ 突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。‎ 该句中的不定式only to be scooped up在句中作状语，表结果。‎ 归纳拓展 only to do...不料……，反而……，结果却……，是动词不定式作结果状语。表示意料不到的情况，且多为不愉快的结果，有时前面也可不加only；而现在分词短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结果”。‎ 多维训练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎①I hurried to the post office only to find__ (find) it closed.‎ ‎②The librarians actively collected the books of the world, accelerating__ (accelerate) the spread of knowledge.‎ ‎③The headmaster hurried to the lecture hall, only to be told__ (tell) the speaker had gone.‎ ‎④He has got married and settled in Australia, leaving__ (leave) his family in Hong Kong.‎ 基 础 训 练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．—Tony, why are your eyes red?‎ ‎—I have been cutting__ (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.‎ ‎2．Our club is open to everyone regardless of__ age, sex ‎ or educational background.‎ ‎3．Since the time humankind started gardening, we have been trying__ (try) to make our environment more beautiful.‎ ‎4．The church, dating__ (date) from the 14th century, is still well preserved.‎ ‎5．It was not until he saw his mom that__ the little child stopped crying.‎ ‎6．I turned to the beggarlooking man next to me, only to find__ (find) that he was my exhusband (前夫)．‎ ‎7．As a result of the hurricane, threefourths of the cabins in the fishing village need repairing__ (repair)．‎ ‎8．The reason why George is looking for another job is that he's fed up with__ his manager's complaints.‎ ‎9．The Town Hall, completed__ (complete) in the 1880s was the most distinguished building at that time.‎ ‎10． As__ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．Peking University, which dates back to 1898/dates from 1898__ (可追溯到1898年), has a long history.‎ ‎2．In terms of traffic, in some big cities, people are fed up with traffic jams__ (饱受交通堵塞)．‎ ‎3．Even if the boy was really in need of money__ (需要钱), his father only gave him 500 dollars at most__ (最多500美元)．‎ ‎4．Finally I realized that she was waiting for me to cut up the food__ (切碎那些食物)．‎ ‎5．We all think it necessary to hold the race on time, regardless of the weather__ (不管天气如何)．‎ ‎6．要是他能为将来打算并提升技能，他就不会再次丢掉工作。 (if only...)‎ ‎ If only he had looked ahead__ and improved his skills, he wouldn't have lost his job once again__.‎ ‎7．那位新闻记者设法联系上了那个著名影星，结果被告知他不想接受采访。 (only to...)‎ The news reporter managed to get through__ the famous film star, only to be told__ he didn't want to be interviewed.‎ ‎8．一些学生喜欢户外运动，而一些人喜欢在家看电视。 (some...others...)‎ ‎ Some students like outdoor sports while others like watching TV at home.__‎ ‎9．那个可怜的小女孩靠收集贝壳来谋生至少有三年了。 (have been doing)‎ The poor little girl has been collecting seashells to make a living__ for at least three years.‎ ‎10．我们必须意识到是政府应该采取措施来关闭那些带来污染的工厂。 (it is ...that...)‎ We must be aware that it is the government that should take measures__ to close the factories that bring much pollution.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．I had no alternative but report him to the headteacher.‎ ‎ report前加to__‎ ‎2．Assumed that the weather is favorable, farmers will have a good harvest.‎ ‎ Assumed→Assuming/Assume__‎ ‎3．He could have finished it on schedule, but anyhow he fell behind.‎ ‎ anyhow→somehow__‎ ‎4．They had a wonderful picnic, regardless the bad weather.‎ ‎ regardless后加of__‎ ‎5．I'm very sorry to interrupt with you, but I have something very important to tell you.‎ ‎ 去掉with__‎ ‎6．The significance attaching to a national day is very different from country to country.‎ ‎ attaching→attached__‎ ‎7．The old temple dated back to the Ming Dynasty is being repaired now.‎ ‎ dated→dating__‎ ‎8．The old man needs at the most five hours' sleep a night, but he has slept for over seven hours tonight.‎ ‎ 去掉most前的the__‎ Ⅳ.语篇填空 Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated ‎ her walk up the path to the caves 1.fearing__ (fear) that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for 2.her__.She had no man with his spear to protect her.She had almost reached her destination 3.when__ a delicious smell arrested her progress 4.and__ she stopped.So the men had brought home the meat for the feast! 5.The__ smell of cooking meat filled the air 6.surrounding__ (surround) her, and her senses became dizzy with hunger.She could see her mother and the older children 7.preparing__ (prepare) the deer and pig meat over the fire.Her aunts were making clothes with animal skins. 8.Abruptly__ (abrupt) she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.Lala smiled 9.with__ relief.It was good to have her family 10.around__ her.‎ 能 力 提 升 Ⅰ.单元考点与语法填空 Cupping treatment (拔火罐) is an ancient form of alternative medicine in which a doctor puts special cups on your skin for a few minutes to create suction (吸力). People get 1.it__ for many purposes, such as helping with removing pain, blood flow, relaxation and wellbeing. Cupping treatment 2.supporters__ (supporter) believe that cupping treatment gets rid of 3.harmful__ (harm) things and poisons from the body to improve health.‎ Cupping treatment dates back 4.to__ ancient Egyptian, Chinese and Middle Eastern cultures. One of the ‎ oldest medical textbooks in the world, Ebers Papyrus, describes 5.how__ the ancient Egyptians used cupping treatment in 1550 BC. But the 6.most popular__ (popular) use has been in Traditional Chinese Medicine.‎ The cups may 7.be made__ (make) of glass, bamboo and clay. There are different means of cupping, 8.including__ (include) the dry and the wet. During both types of cupping, your doctor will put something, such as alcohol, herbs, or paper in a cup and set it on fire. As the fire 9.goes__ (go) out, he will put the cup upside down on your skin. As the air inside the cup cools, it will create a vacuum (真空). This causes your skin 10.to rise__ (rise) and become red. Generally speaking, the cup is left in place for several minutes.‎ Ⅱ.单元语法与短文改错 (现在完成进行时)‎ The fame of the terracotta warriors in Western Europe has been increased every year since they were been discovered over forty years ago. A farmer found them entire by chance but little did he know they would be such a source of wonderful and delight. However, after be included in the list of World Heritage Sites, they had become very famous. Anybody who come to China from Western Europe now usually puts Xi'an on his/her list of preferred tours. So it was not surprised that when some of the warriors were taken to the British Museum in London for an exhibition, they became instant success. It seems that they will remained the number one tourist attraction for foreigners for ‎ many years ahead!‎ 答案：‎ The fame of the terracotta warriors in Western Europe has been every year since they were been discovered over forty years ago. A farmer found them by chance but little did he know they would be such a source of and delight. However, after included in the list of World Heritage Sites, they become very famous. Anybody who to China from Western Europe now usually puts Xi'an on his/her list of preferred tours. So it was not that when some of the warriors were taken to the British Museum in London for an exhibition, they became instant success. It seems that they will the number one tourist attraction for foreigners for many years ahead!‎ Ⅲ.单元话题与书面表达 ‎(一)根据提示结合本单元所学知识补全短文 (无提示处请填写适当的过渡词)‎ Dear Jack，‎ I'm writing to tell you about the debate on whether we should spend time and energy on archaeological work. In my opinion, I ① applaud for the view__ (为这个观点喝彩) that we should do ‎ ‎ research on the ancient civilization.‎ Firstly, ② as we all know/as is known to all__ (众所周知), it's their using stones to make tools and drilling woods to make fire that bring about today's civilization. Besides, there were amazing inventions that ③ date from/date back to ancient age__ (追溯到古代). ④ If only we could find out__ (要是我们能查明……就好了) why they came into being; it would be very important for today's life.‎ I hope my opinions can help you.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎(二)按要求升级词汇和句式 ‎1．用本单元所学高级词汇升级加黑词语 important→ significant__‎ ‎2．将画波浪线句子升级为“be＋of＋名词”句式 ‎ it would be of great importance to today's life.__‎