19年中考英语真题 分类 专题19-5 短文填空（提示词填空）（第02期）（解析版）

19年中考英语真题 分类 专题19-5 短文填空（提示词填空）（第02期）（解析版）

‎2019年中考真题英语分项汇编 专题19 短文填空 考点5提示词填空 Passage 1（2019 •济宁）‎ 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式.‎ China's first set of AI(人工智能) textbooks ___29___ (come) into the classrooms of primary and secondary school soon in many parts of China The AI textbooks have already appeared in Shanghai and some experts ___30___ (test) some of them. It's said that these AI textbooks are popular with local students.‎ It is reported that___31___ (hundred) of schools in China will use the textbooks for primary and secondary school students in 2019. These schools plan___32___(use) them in some of their classes as an experiment In fact, AI has brought huge benefits(好处) to the education field. Students can not only choose ____33____ (they) own ways to study, but also can study at home without going to school.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】中国的第一批人工智能课本不久将要进入中国许多地区的中小学课堂，人工智能课本已经在上海出现了，一些专家对他们的一些进行了检测，据说很受当地学生的欢迎，据报道在2019年中国成百上千的学校将让中小学生使用人工智能，这些学校计划在一些课堂上使用作为实验，人工智能已经给教育领域带来了好处，学生不仅能选择自己的方式来学习，而且也能不去学校在家里学习。‎ ‎29. will come 句意：中国的第一批人工智能课本不久将要进入中国许多地区的中小学课堂。根据soon可知用将来时态；故填will come。‎ ‎30. have tested 句意：一些专家对他们的一些进行了检测。根据It's said that these AI textbooks are popular with local students.可知测验已经完成，所以用现在完成时态；故填have tested。‎ ‎31. hundreds 句意：据报道在2019年中国成百上千的学校将让中小学生使用人工智能。根据hundred后面有of时，要加s，hundreds of成百上千；故填hundreds。‎ ‎32. to use 句意：这些学校计划在一些课堂上使用作为实验。根据plan to do sth计划做某事；故填to use。‎ ‎33. their 句意：学生不仅能选择自己的方式来学习。根据one’s own sth某人自己的……；故填their。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 短文填空题，注意对于文章内容的把握，读懂这个故事的大意后，注意上下句的联系，特别要注意的是找到关键词，然后再通读短文，看是否上下文语境合适，还要注意一些语法的正确应用，注意单词的正确形式。例如：小题2 句意：一些专家对他们的一些进行了检测。根据It's said that these AI textbooks are ‎ popular with local students.可知测验已经完成，所以用现在完成时态，故填have tested。‎ Passage 2（2019 •浙江省湖州市）‎ 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出正确的单词。每空限填一词。‎ In Chinese lunar calendar, people ___42___ (划分) the year into 24 solar terms (节气) . Start of Summer means the coming of a new ___43___ (季节) summer and it begins on May 6 and ends on May 21 this year. The temperature will ___44___ (上升) quickly during this period.‎ Here are three things about how Chinese greet the Start of Summer.‎ Checking one's weight The ___45___ (风俗) of weighing people at the Start of Summer started from the Three Kingdoms Period and is ___46___ (仍然) popular in South China today. It's said that this practice will bring health and good luck to the people weighed.‎ Eating eggs In ancient China, people believed a ___47___ (圆的) egg was a symbol of a happy life and eating eggs on the day of Start of Summer was a good ___48___ (愿望) for good health. People put leftover tea into boiled water together with eggs to create "tea egg". Today it has become a ___49___ (当地的) snack in many places of China. ‎ Taking care of the heart According to Chinese traditional medicine, Start of summer is a key time to moisten the heart. When it grows hot, heat can affect human health. So people ___50___ (更喜欢) food such as fruit and vegetables rich in vitamins and cool in nature.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了中国农历的一年24个节气，主要介绍了立夏的一些风俗和习惯，检查体重，吃鸡蛋和关注心脏。‎ ‎42. divide 句意：人们一年划分24个节气。根据divide---into---把……划分成……；根据文章可知是一般现在时态，主语复数，谓语动词用原形，故填divide。‎ ‎43. season 句意：夏季的开始意味着一个新的季节夏季来了。根据season季节，根据a可知是单数，故填season。‎ ‎44. rise 句意：在这个时期温度很快上升。根据rise 上升，will后用动词原形，故填rise。‎ ‎45. custom 句意：在夏季开始量体重的风俗从三国时期开始。根据custom风俗，不可数名词；故填 custom。‎ ‎46. still 句意：在中国南方今天仍然很流行。根据still 仍然，依旧，故填still。‎ ‎47. round 句意：人们相信，圆的鸡蛋是美好生活的象征。根据round圆的，形容词，修饰名词egg作定语，故填 round。‎ ‎48. wish 句意：在夏季开始的那天吃鸡蛋是有一个好健康的美好愿望。根据wish 愿望，根据a可知是单数，故填wish。‎ ‎49. local 句意：今天在中国的许多地方成了当地的一种点心。根据local当地的，形容词，修饰名词 snack 作定语，故填local。‎ ‎50. prefer 句意：因此人们更喜欢富含维生素的水果和蔬菜。根据prefer更喜欢，根据文章可知是一般现在时态，主语复数，谓语动词用原形，故填 prefer。‎ Passage 3（2019 •山东省滨州市）‎ 阅读下面短文，用括号内地词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。‎ ‎ Have you ever read the book A brief History of Times? It ____51____ (write) by Stephen Hawking in 2013.‎ Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the death of Galileo in Oxford, England. At the age of eleven, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father’s old college. After three years, he won a first class honour degree in ____52____ (nature) science.‎ In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge ____53____ (do) research. He ____54____ (real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad ____55____ (ill) shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet he went on ____56____(work) hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t live by ___57___ (he), he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got ____58____ (marry) in 1965, then they had three ____59____ (child).‎ Hawking liked China very much, and he had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking____60____ (reply) Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai.‎ He once said, “My goal is simple, it is complete understanding of the universe（宇宙）.” Stephen Hawking is regarded as one of the most famous scientists since Einstein. Hawking died on March 14th, 2018.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇人物小传，介绍了史蒂芬霍金的简单生平和生活情况。‎ ‎51. was written 句意：这是史蒂芬·霍金在2013年写的。it是指the book A brief History of Times，是动词write的承受者，需用“be done”表示被动语态结构。in 2013在2013年，用于一般过去时；it 是单数第三人称，系词需用was；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填was written。‎ ‎52. natural 句意：三年后，他获得了自然科学一级荣誉学位。natural science自然科学；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填natural。‎ ‎53. to do 句意：1962年10月，斯蒂芬来到剑桥大学做研究。本句用不定式做补语，根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填to do。‎ ‎54. really 句意：他在那里过得真是愉快。enjoy享受，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填really。‎ ‎55. illness 句意：不幸的是，斯蒂芬在1963年21岁生日后不久就得了一场重病。bad糟糕的/严重的，形容词修饰名词；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填illness。‎ ‎56. working 句意：然而，他继续努力成为一名优秀的科学家。go on doing继续做某事；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填working。‎ ‎57. himself 句意：斯蒂芬不独自生活,他爱上了简·怀尔德。by oneself单独/独自；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填himself。‎ ‎58. married 句意：他们于1965年结婚，然后他们有了三个孩子。get married结婚；and连接并列结构，前后时态需一致；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填married。‎ ‎59. children 句意：他们于1965年结婚，然后他们有了三个孩子。three三，后接复数名词；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填children。‎ ‎60. replied 句意：2017年11月24日，霍金在微博上回复了王俊凯。本句缺谓语动词，November 24th, 2017是过去的时间，动词需用过去式；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知填replied。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 短文填空，要求根据句意结构和单词提示填空，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。‎ Passage 4（2019 •浙江省台州市）‎ 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。‎ When I began working at Hillcrest High School three years ago, I was introduced to Sharon Dunn, the school’s headmistress. ‎ Her smart appearance and warm, friendly 51 （表情）made me like her at once. She is a small-boned, smiling 52 （女士）in her early fifties. She has shining blue eyes and soft 53 （银灰色的）hair. Although ‎ she dresses simply, she always manages to look nice. ‎ She is a very fair-minded person who 54 （对待）everyone at the school in the same way. Even when she is upset, she is actually very calm, which is shown by her ability to 55 （克制）her feelings in the most difficult situations. Her quiet voice and gentle, 56 （有礼貌的）manner make her popular with the children. ‎ Ms. Dunn has no children of her 57 （自己的）, however, she says that she feels like a mother to all of the children in her school. In fact, she has no time for family life, since she gives her life to her job completely. Besides dealing with different leading 58 （任务）every day, she always takes time to talk to the teachers and parents 59 （耐心地）. ‎ To my mind, Sharon Dunn is an educational 60 （专家）who is a wonderful role model, not only for the children but for the teachers, as well. ‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了高中校长莎伦•邓恩，他是一位教育专家，介绍了他的一些好的方面。‎ ‎（1）expression 考查名词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是表情expression．根据意思可知填单数，故答案是：expression。‎ ‎（2）lady 考查名词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是女士，lady；根据前面she is，可知填单数，故答案是lady。‎ ‎（3）silver 考查形容词词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是形容词银灰色的silver。故答案是：silver。‎ ‎（4）treats 考查动词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是动词对待treat，一般现在时态，主语是单三，故填treats。故答案是：treats。‎ ‎（5）control 考查动词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是动词，to do不定式，故填动词原形。故答案是：control。‎ ‎（6）polite 考查形容词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是形容词有礼貌的polite，故答案是：polite。‎ ‎（7）own 考查形容词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是自己的，own。故答案是：own。‎ ‎（8）tasks 考查名词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是名词，任务，task，根据前面different，可知填复数。故答案是：tasks。‎ ‎（9）patiently 考查副词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是副词耐心地，patiently，故答案是：patiently。‎ ‎（10）expert 考查名词。根据汉语提示，可知要填的是名词专家，expert，根据前面is可知填单数。故答案是：expert。‎