2018版高考英语（外研版）大一轮复习教师文档讲义：Book 8-Module 4～Module 6

2018版高考英语（外研版）大一轮复习教师文档讲义：Book 8-Module 4～Module 6

话题词汇 ‎1．service n．服务 ‎2．tour n．观光；旅游 ‎3．timetable n．时间表 ‎4．schedule n．日程安排 ‎5．arrange v．安排 ‎6．destination n．目的地 ‎7．annoying adj.令人生气的 ‎8．be impressed with留下……印象 ‎9．have fun玩得开心 ‎10．express thanks to表达谢意 话题佳作 假如你是某校学生李华，你和父母寒假去澳大利亚旅游，报名参加了当地旅行社Sky Travel Agency的一日团。一日团结束后，导游Mike请你写下对当日旅游服务的意见。要点如下：‎ ‎·对导游的服务表示感谢；‎ ‎·一日游的景点安排合理，玩得开心；‎ ‎·会将旅行社推荐给自己的好友。‎ 佳作欣赏 To whom it may concern，‎ I have been thoroughly impressed with the service I have received.Firstly，I would like to express my sincere thanks to Mike，the tour guide from Sky Travel Agency，for his warm service along the journey.Mike is good at explaining things on the timetable，as well as some related information about the places that we went to.Secondly，the schedule for our oneday journey was thoughtfully arranged so that both my parents and I had a really wonderful time.We arrived at the destinations and saw the sights at a reasonable amount of time with great comfort.Besides，some annoying parts like forcedshopping were avoided，which saved much of our time.Last but not least，I would like to widely recommend Sky Travel Agency to my friends.It is with your great efforts that my parents and I can enjoy such a great day！Thanks again!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 名师点睛 本文属于书信类作文，语言严谨，表达清楚。文中运用了一些较高级词汇，如：destination，annoying，recommend等；还运用了一些较高级句式，如：定语从句、状语从句、强调句型等，使文章显得很有档次；同时使用了一些衔接词汇，如：firstly，secondly，besides，last but not least等，使文章显得很有层次。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．matter v．重要，要紧；有关系；n.事情 ‎2．count v．很重要；很有价值；数数 countless adj.无数的，数不尽的 ‎3．unique adj.独一无二的；独特的 ‎4．convinced adj.确信的，信服的 ‎5．furthermore adv.此外，而且 ‎6．convey v．传达，传递 ‎7．select v．挑选，选择 ‎8．significance n．意义；含义 significant adj.重大的，重要的 ‎9．reject v．拒绝接受 ‎10．overcome v．征服；战胜 ‎11．oppose v．反对 opposed adj.反对的；对立的；相反的 ‎12．conflict n．冲突；抵触 ‎13．approval n．赞许；赞成 approve vi.赞成，同意 ‎14．fascination n．着迷，迷恋；吸引力 ‎15．accustomed adj.习惯的 ‎16．historic adj.历史性的，有重大历史意义的 historical adj.历史上的 history n．历史 ‎17．assume v．假定，假设 assumption n．假定，设想 ‎18．advanced adj.高级的，先进的 ‎19．burst v．爆炸 ‎20．depend v．依靠；取决于 ‎21．view v．看，观察 ‎22．acknowledge v．承认；认为 ‎23．defeat n．失败 ‎24．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛 ‎25．relief n．安慰；宽慰 ‎26．sympathy n．同情；同情心 ‎27．consult v．咨询；请教 consultant n．顾问 ‎28．tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的 ‎29．mental adj.内心的；精神上的 ‎30．prove v．证明是；被发现是 ‎31．glance v．一瞥；迅速看一眼 ‎32．caution v．警告；劝……小心；n.警惕，小心 cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的 ‎33．donate v．提供；捐(赠)‎ donation n．捐赠；提供 ‎34．update v．更新；刷新 ‎35．decorate v．装点；美化 ‎36．imagination n．想象；空想 ‎37．typically adv.典型地，有代表性地；向来，一向 ‎38．reflect v．反映，显示；表达 reflection n．显示；表达；倒影 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎39．instantly adv.立即，马上 ‎40．debate n．讨论；辩论；v.争论；思考；辩论 ‎41．investigate v．调查 ‎42．acquire v．得到，获得 ‎43．splendid adj.极好的；优秀的 ‎44．association n．联系 ‎45．relevant adj.有关的；切题的 ‎46．withdraw v．收回；撤销(说过的话)‎ ‎47．abuse v．辱骂；恶语 ‎48．witness v．目击，亲眼看见；亲身经历；n.目击者，见证人 ‎49．decade n．十年 ‎50．random adj.任意的；随机的 ‎51．swear v．起誓保证 ‎52．glory n．光荣；荣誉 ‎53．deliberately adv.蓄意地，故意地 ‎54．acquaintance n．相识的人；泛泛之交 ‎55．farewell n．告别 ‎56．expense n．费用 ‎57．launch v．开始，(积极有力地)着手进行 ‎58．departure n．启程；上路 ‎59．cater v．满足需求 ‎60．independence n．独立 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．We still don’t know how significant(significance) the longterm impact is going to be of unwise things.(2016·上海)‎ ‎2．Thanks to the advanced(advance) technology，we live in an age of bettered communication.(2015·北京)‎ ‎3．Punishing kids for bad marks is mentally(mental) damaging.(2015·陕西)‎ ‎4．Her donation(donate) was for students who clearly needed financial help.(2014·广东)‎ ‎5．Most commentators fail to come up with a convincing(convince) explanation for this English weatherspeak.‎ ‎6．People are social creatures by nature，and so it is hardly surprising that part of their selfrespect comes from the approval(approve) of others.(2014·江苏)‎ ‎7．That is the fascinating(fascinate) conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists.‎ ‎8．It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson’s imagination(imagine)．‎ ‎1．tell...apart 区分开 ‎2．as long as只要 ‎3．lie in在于 ‎4．in conclusion总之 ‎5．a huge number of大量的 ‎6．get down to sth.开始做某事 ‎7．let sb.down使某人失望 ‎8．in spite of不管 ‎9．a series of一系列的；一连串的 ‎10．accuse sb.of doing sth.指责某人某事 ‎11．pray for祈望；祈求 ‎12．be similar to与……相似的 ‎13．set in motion使某事开始 ‎14．set out开始做；着手进行 ‎15．take hold of抓住 ‎16．approve of赞成；同意 ‎17．cater for满足……的要求 ‎18．correspond with与……通信 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ The reporter came into his office and 1.set out(开始) to write 2.a series of(一系列的) reports.He reported a case，which 3.was similar to(与……相似) a murder.The police 4.accused a man of(控告一个人……) his killing his wife.5.In spite of(不管) great difficulty，the police 6.got down to(着手) looking into the case.7.A huge number of(很多) people waited for the report.The reporter wouldn’t 8.let the public down(让公众失望).9.As long as(只要) the result came out，he would report it immediately.‎ ‎1．be meant to It’s not meant to abuse the other person，but it may sometimes cause offence.‎ 它这并不是有意冒犯别人，但有的时候可能会触怒别人。‎ 仿写　这个项目是打算帮助那些无家可归的人的。‎ The program is meant to help those homeless people.‎ ‎2．seem to have done By the time the Challenger took off in 1986，the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going up into space.‎ 到1986年“挑战者”号起飞之前，人们似乎已经沉醉于人类走进太空这一巨大成就而忘记了恐惧，也失去了好奇。‎ 仿写　这本书好像去年已经出版了。‎ The book seemed to have been published last year.‎ ‎3．as引导的让步状语从句 Incredible as it may seem，both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that...‎ 尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出一个设想……‎ 仿写　她虽是教师，但不喜欢孩子。‎ Teacher as she is，she doesn’t like children.‎ ‎4．It is said that...‎ It is said that he drowned when he fell into a river while trying to take hold of the reflection of the Moon.‎ 据说他在试图捉月亮的影子时掉进江里溺水身亡。‎ 仿写　据说人类天生有说话的能力。‎ It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ instantly adv.立即，马上 ‎(1)Some news will excite their readers instantly while others won’t.‎ 一些消息会立即让读者兴奋而另一些消息却不能。(2015·江苏)‎ ‎(2)I recognized her the instant/instantly I saw her.‎ 我一眼就认出是她。‎ ‎(3)In an instant this crowd had overtaken and surrounded me.‎ 一下子，那群人追上了我，把我围了起来。‎ instant adj.立即的；立刻的；速食的；n.瞬间；片刻 in an instant立刻，马上 for an instant片刻，一会儿 instantly/the instant作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment，the minute，the second，the day，the week，the month，the year，each/every/next/any/last time，the first time，immediately，directly等。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)But instantly(instant) she became aware of her mistake.‎ ‎(2)Just for an instant I think he would go to refuse.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(3)他一见到这所大学，就喜欢上了它。‎ ‎①The instant/moment/minute he saw the college he fell in love with it.‎ ‎②As soon as he saw the college he fell in love with it.‎ ‎③Instantly/Immediately/Directly he saw the college he fell in love with it.‎ ‎ convinced adj.确信的；信服的 ‎(1)My boyfriend says I’d enjoy a walking holiday，but I’m not convinced.‎ 我男朋友说我会喜欢徒步旅行度假的，可是我并不确定。‎ ‎(2)I soon convinced him of my innocence.‎ 我很快便让他相信了我是清白的。‎ ‎(1)be convinced of/that...相信……‎ ‎(2)convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事 ‎(3)convincing adj.令人信服的 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)His mother has been trying to convince him to see(see) a doctor.‎ ‎(2)This last argument is the most convincing(convince) to me.‎ ‎(3)Convincing(convince) others of something is really a challenging task.‎ ‎(4)How can I convince you of her honesty?‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)He was convinced of its truth，and he felt pleased.(用形容词短语作状语改写)‎ Convinced of its truth，he felt pleased.‎ ‎ oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 ‎(1)Congress is continuing to oppose the President’s healthcare budget.‎ 国会继续反对总统的卫生保健预算。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)The father is opposed to his son’s marriage.‎ 父亲反对儿子的婚事。‎ ‎(1)oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 ‎(2)opposed adj.反对的；对立的；敌对的 be opposed to反对 as opposed to而；相对于 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)His daughter is very athletic as opposed(oppose) to his son.‎ ‎(2)She is opposed to your marrying her.‎ ‎(3)He opposed building(build) a new hall.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people were opposed to it.(用with复合结构改写)‎ With a lot of people opposed to/opposing the new proposal，the government postponed it.‎ ‎ approval n．赞成；同意；批准 ‎(1)Alan is someone who always needs the approval of other people.‎ 艾伦这个人做什么事都希望得到别人的赞许。(剑桥词典)‎ ‎(2)I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval.‎ 如果你同意我的申请，我会非常感激。‎ ‎(3)I approve of your trying to earn some money，but please don’t neglect your studies.‎ 我同意你去挣一些钱，可是不要误了功课。‎ ‎(1)get one’s approval得到某人的同意 give one’s approval to同意；批准 in approval同意地 ‎(2)approve v．赞成，同意；批准，通过 approve of赞成；同意 ‎(1)approval作“赞成；认可”解时，后面常接of短语，不接动词不定式。‎ ‎(2)approve表示“赞成；同意”时，是不及物动词，若后接宾语，要借助介词of。不要将汉语的“赞成某人做某事”直译成approve sb.to do sth.或在其后跟that从句，可用approve of sb./sb.’s doing sth.。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I don’t approve of your going(go) out with him.‎ ‎(2)He nodded in approval.‎ ‎(3)She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents.‎ ‎(4)Before building work began，a lot of people didn’t want the Shard though the plans were approved(approve)．(2014·湖北)‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(5)她不同意女儿晚上出去。‎ ‎①She didn’t approve of her daughter going out at night.(approve)‎ ‎②She didn’t give her approval to her daughter going out at night.(approval)‎ ‎③She didn’t agree that her daughter went out at night.(agree)‎ ‎ assume vt.假定(设)；认为 ‎(1)In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.‎ 在艺术评论中，你得假设艺术家藏了一个秘密信息在作品中。(2016·江苏)‎ ‎(2)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.‎ 普遍认为，压力系工作过重所致。‎ ‎(1)assume sb./sth.to be...认为某人(事)……‎ assuming (that)．..假设……(引导条件状语从句)‎ It is assumed that...人们认为……‎ ‎(2)assumption n．假定；设想；担任；采取 on the assumption that...假定……‎ 在英语中，有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实际上可直接用作介词或连词。这一类单词有：supposing conj.假设，如果；provided/providing conj.假设，如果；given prep.鉴于，考虑到；considering prep.& conj.鉴于，考虑到；concerning prep.关于；including prep.包括，包含等 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)His assumption that he would win proved wrong.‎ ‎(2)It is assumed that mental health is related to physical health.‎ ‎(3)We are working on the assumption that the conference will take place as planned.‎ ‎(4)Assuming(assume) that you are right about this，what shall we do?‎ ‎(5)Let us assume it to be(be) true.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(6)If there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our environment will be like? (用assuming that...改写)‎ Assuming that there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our environment will be like?‎ ‎(7)People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.(用it作形式主语改写)‎ It is assumed that what people do has little effect on the environment.‎ ‎ depend v．依赖；依靠 ‎(1)But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.‎ 但是现在气温会高到什么程度取决于国家减少碳排放的多少。(2016·上海)‎ ‎(2)I don’t know if we can help.It all depends.‎ 我不知道我们能不能帮忙。一切都得看情况而定。‎ depend on/upon依赖；依靠；取决于 depend on/upon sb.doing/to do...依靠某人做……‎ depend on/upon it that...指望……；相信……‎ It (all) depends/That depends.视情况而定。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)In most cases，they tend to meet a few hours every week depending(depend) on their schedules.‎ ‎(2)You may depend on it that he will turn up in time.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(3)你可以指望他来帮你。‎ ‎①You can depend on him to help you.‎ ‎②You can depend on him helping you.‎ ‎③You can depend on it that he will help you.‎ ‎ as long as和……一样长；只要 ‎(1)As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.‎ 只要有密码存在，人们总是千方百计地进行破译。(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎(2)Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years!‎ 一些科学家甚至说我们能活长达130岁！(2015·广东)‎ ‎(3)As far as I know，they quarreled very often at that time.‎ 据我所知，那时他们经常吵架。‎ as far as远至；就……而言 as far as sb.be concerned在某人看来 as far as sb.know(s)据某人所知 as many/much/little/few as和……一样多(少) as...as possible尽可能地……‎ as long as引导条件状语从句时，从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句改错]‎ ‎(1)So we can do this directly as long as we will have certain types of information.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(2)只要你坚持练习，你就不会觉得剪纸难了。‎ You won’t find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it.‎ ‎(3)在我看来，应该马上采取行动。‎ As far as I’m concerned，immediate action should be taken.‎ ‎ convey vt.传达；运送；传送 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Please convey my best wishes to her.‎ ‎(2)I find it hard to convey my feelings in words.‎ ‎(3)Our every emotion and mood can be conveyed(convey) with the use of facial expressions and body language.‎ convey常与介词to搭配，构成convey sth.to sb.向某人传达某事。‎ ‎ acknowledge vt.认可；承认；确认；答谢；告知 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He finally acknowledged having made(make) a mistake.‎ ‎(2)It is acknowledged that the shortest distance between persons is a sincere smile.‎ ‎(3)There was no acknowledgement(acknowledge) of the extent of the problem.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(4)He is universally acknowledged to be/as the best player in the world.(改为复合句)‎ It’s universally acknowledged that he is the best player in the world.‎ ‎(1)acknowledge表示“承认做了某事”，其后可接动名词，也可接that从句，但通常不接不定式。‎ ‎(2)acknowledge后虽不能接不定式作宾语，但可接不定式作宾补。‎ ‎ prove v．(用证据，论据)证实；证明 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Finally the plan proves(prove) practical.‎ ‎(2)There’s no proof(prove) that he was on the crime spot.‎ ‎(3)Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it to you.‎ ‎(4)This just proves what I have been saying for some time.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)This method is proved to be more efficient.(用it作形式主语改写)‎ It is proved that this method is more efficient.‎ ‎(1)prove sth.to sb.向某人证明某事 prove (to be)＋n./adj.证明是……；结果是……(prove为系动词)‎ prove＋that/wh从句　证明……‎ It is proved that...经证明……‎ ‎(2)proof n．证明；证据 ‎ caution n．& v．小心；谨慎；警告 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The governments are very cautious about setting a new policy and make no decision until they ‎ are quite sure it is the right one.‎ ‎(2)The teacher cautioned him against being late.‎ ‎(3)You should cross the street with caution.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(4)Those numbers need to be treated cautiously.‎ Those numbers need to be treated with caution.‎ with caution小心地，谨慎地，相当于副词cautiously。‎ ‎ tell...apart区分开；辨别 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The two brothers are so much alike that you can hardly tell them apart.‎ ‎(2)Children must learn to tell right from wrong.‎ ‎(3)I can’t tell Jane from her twin sister.‎ ‎(4)Telling(tell) by the expression on his face，I knew that he was angry with me.‎ ‎ let sb.down使某人失望；辜负某人 短语填空　 ‎(1)When she saw him，she let out a cry of horror.‎ ‎(2)She felt badly let down by her friends.‎ ‎(3)Your mother’s tired—let her alone!‎ ‎ accuse sb.of doing sth.指责某人某事 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The accused(accuse) were found innocent.‎ ‎(2)This company was accused of using misleading advertisements in its promotion of the weightless pills.‎ ‎(3)She charged me with neglecting my duty.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)Because my father was accused of neglecting our education，he sent my brother and me to a summer school.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ Accused of neglecting our education，my father sent my brother and me to a summer school.‎ 注意accuse与of搭配，而charge与with搭配。‎ 思考　我们学习过的“动词＋sb.＋of sth.”的短语还有：remind sb.of，rob sb.of，rid sb.of，inform sb.of，convince sb.of，cure sb.of等。‎ ‎ take hold of抓住；吸引住 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The operator asked the caller to hold on until a connection was made.‎ ‎(2)They held out the hand of friendship to me.‎ ‎(3)He held up the map so that it could be seen more clearly.‎ ‎(4)Do not hold back the truth.‎ ‎(5)The music took hold of her slowly.‎ ‎ correspond with与……通信；和……一致 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The translation does not quite correspond to the original.‎ ‎(2)I assure you what I do will correspond with/to what I say.‎ ‎(3)His interest in writing came from a long correspondence(correspond) with a close college friend.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(4)她母亲去世后她不再与他通信。‎ She stopped corresponding with him after the death of her mother.‎ ‎(5)这些货物与我的订单不符。‎ These goods don’t correspond with/to my order form.‎ correspond无论作哪个意思均不及物，若表示“与……一致或相称”，其后可接介词to或with；若表示“与……相当或相等”，其后只接介词to，不接with；若表示“与……通信”，其后只接with，不接to。‎ ‎ It’s not meant to abuse the other person，but it may sometimes cause offence.‎ 它这并不是有意冒犯别人，但有的时候可能会触怒别人。‎ ‎(1)I picked up the stem cells in Providence，Rhode Island，and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.‎ 我在普罗维登斯的罗得岛拿到了干细胞，理应飞到华盛顿，然后回到伦敦。(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎(2)Missing the train means waiting for an hour.‎ 没赶上这趟火车意味着要等上一个小时。‎ ‎(1)be meant to...被认为……；理应……；目的是……；旨在……‎ be meant for.../to be...注定成为/适于……‎ ‎(2)mean doing...意味着……；意思是……‎ mean to do...打算做……‎ meant to have done...＝had meant to do...本打算做……‎ mean sb.for/to be...想要某人成为……；想要某人去做……‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Did you mean to leave(leave) your dog here?‎ ‎(2)To increase government spending means creating(create) more job opportunities.‎ ‎(3)She meant her son to be(be) a poet.‎ ‎(4)He meant to have helped(help) you，but he was too busy then.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)Jane，meant to be a singer，has a pleasant voice.(改为复合句)‎ Jane，who is meant to be a singer，has a pleasant voice.‎ ‎ Incredible as it may seem，both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that...‎ 尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们作出一个设想……‎ ‎(1)Try as she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open.‎ 尽管Sue尝试了，但是她无法打开门。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)Child as he is，he knows a lot.‎ 虽然他是个孩子，但懂得很多。‎ as引导让步状语从句时，从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词需提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词要省去。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Clever as/though he is，he doesn’t study hard.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(2)Young as he is，he achieves so much.(用though的正常语序改写)‎ Though he is young，he achieves so much.‎ ‎(3)Though I like it very much，I won’t buy it，for it’s too expensive.(用as代替though改写)‎ Much as I like it，I won’t buy it，for it’s too expensive.‎ ‎ It is said that he drowned when he fell into a river while trying to take hold of the reflection of the Moon.‎ 据说他在试图捉月亮的影子时掉进江里溺水身亡。‎ ‎(1)It is said that rap music was invented by a classical musician in 1912.‎ 据说，说唱音乐是由一个古典音乐家在1912年发明的。(2014·安徽)‎ ‎(2)It was reported that the plane crashed soon after it took off.‎ 据报道飞机起飞后不久就坠毁了。‎ It is said that...据说……‎ It is thought that...大家认为……‎ It is believed that...人们相信……‎ It is hoped that...人们希望……‎ It is reported that...据报道……‎ It is wellknown that...众所周知……‎ It is supposed that...据推测……‎ 上述结构可改为sb./sth.be said/thought/believed/hoped...to do/to be doing/to have done，根据动词不定式和said/thought/believed/hoped...动作之间的时间关系来断定使用不定式的一般式、进行式还是完成式。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)It was said that he was seriously wounded.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写(用he作主语改写)]‎ ‎(2)It is supposed that he is working in that big company.‎ He is supposed to be working in that big company.‎ ‎(3)It is said that he has written a new book about workers.‎ He is said to have written a new book about workers.‎ ‎(4)It is thought that he often helps the people in need.‎ He is often thought to help the people in need.‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 Module 4‎ English is spoken as an official language in more than 60 countries and 1.it can sound very different from place to place.Pronunciation，as well as grammar and vocabulary，can change very quickly from one area to another.In fact，there is not really a standard form 2.that/which everyone can agree on.Perhaps correctness doesn’t matter—as long as speakers can understand each ‎ other—it’s communication 3.that counts.‎ Australia is one of the youngest 4.nations(nation) in the world.The first English speakers arrived little more than 200 years ago.They found a people who 5.had been living(live) in Australia for more than 50,000 years—the Aborigines，and 6.an extraordinary variety of wildlife.Many of the Aboriginal words for these animals soon passed into the language.‎ The main differences between Australian English and other varieties of English lie 7.in the individual sounds and intonation patterns.But in Singapore，English is a second language 8.spoken(speak) by about half the population.The most common variety of English，which has been influenced in 9.particular(particularly) by Malay and the Chinese dialect Hokkien，is 10.known(know) as Singlish.‎ Module 5‎ Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July,1969，people have become accustomed 1.to the idea of space travel.There were several more journeys into space over the next few years but the single spaceships were very expensive 2.as they could not take off more than once.People were no longer so enthusiastic about a space travel programme 3.until the arrival of the space shuttle.The first shuttle flight into space was the Columbia,4.whose success was regarded as the start of a new age of space travel.By the time the Challenger took off in 1986，the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the 5.amazing(amaze) achievement of people going up into space.But the great excitement and success turned into fear and disaster in one moment.The shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida and all seven astronauts 6.were killed(kill)．It happened so 7.quickly(quick) and everyone was in 8.a state of shock.In spite of all our 9.advanced(advance) technology，the world is still only at the very beginning of 10.its voyage into space.‎ Module 6‎ The Tang Dynasty was one of the great dynasties in Chinese history.1.It was a time of expansion.The Tang rulers controlled the trade route 2.known(know) as the Silk Road well into presentday Afghanistan.Trade with foreign countries created 3.a tolerant and cosmopolitan culture.Many foreigners came to live in Chinese towns,4.bringing(bring) with them their own religions and customs.At the same time foreigners who 5.were educated(educate) at the Tang court took the Chinese culture home with them.‎ Cultural development went hand 6.in hand with technological progress.The 7.invention(invent) of printing marked the beginning of the golden age of literature—poetry.One of the greatest of the Tang poets was Du Fu，who painted a realistic picture of the problems of the age ‎ in 8.which he lived.Another was Li Bai，a romantic who used simple，direct language and often chose irregular forms.It is said 9.that he drowned when he fell into a river while 10.trying(try) to take hold of the reflection of the Moon.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 Module 4‎ That seems that everyone wants to learn Chinese.The demand for Chinese as a foreign language is growing faster，both in Englishspeaking countries and other countries like France.There the number of students studying Chinese has been increased by 15% each year in recent years.‎ There are a number of reasons of the interest.With China develop economically，opportunities for doing business increase dramatically—and if you know your partner’s language，your chances of success increase.Beside，there is a renewed interest to the culture and traditions of China.The fact what Chinese culture has continued uninterrupted for more than 5,000 years is a source of curiosity and fascination for people in other parts of the world.‎ However，learn Chinese is still a challenge for many foreigners.‎ 答案　‎ seems that everyone wants to learn Chinese.The demand for Chinese as a foreign language is growing ，both in Englishspeaking countries and other countries like France.There the number of students studying Chinese has been increased by 15% each year in recent years.‎ There are a number of reasons the interest.With China economically，opportunities for doing business increase dramatically—and if you know your partner’s language，your chances of success increase.，there is a renewed interest the culture and traditions of China.The fact Chinese culture has continued uninterrupted for more than 5,000 years is a source of curiosity and fascination for people in other parts of the world.‎ However， Chinese is still a challenge for many foreigners.‎ Module 5‎ In 1898，an English writer H．G.Wells wrote that is the most important novel in the history of science fiction The War of the Worlds.It is a dramatically story about an invasion of the Earth by aliens from Mars.The subject fascinated science fiction writers and filmmakers ever since.But when，in 1938，the American actor and director，Orson Welles set a radio drama of them in the real life New Jersey town of Grover’s Mill，little do he know what impact he was going to make.When people turned on their radios and heard of the broadcast，it was so realistic which they believed every word.When they heard that an invasion by aliens from Mars was underway，there was a wave of mass hysteria.Hundreds of people left their homes in panic，caused traffic jams all over the state and that the town became the centre of the universe.‎ 答案　‎ In 1898， English writer H．G.Wells wrote is the most important novel in the history of science fiction The War of the Worlds.It is a story about an invasion of the Earth by aliens from Mars.The subject fascinated science fiction writers and filmmakers ever since.But when，in 1938，the American actor and director，Orson Welles set a radio drama of in the real life New Jersey town of Grover’s Mill，little he know what impact he was going to make.When people turned on their radios and heard of the broadcast，it was so realistic they believed every word.When they heard that an invasion by aliens from Mars was underway，there was a wave of mass hysteria.Hundreds of people left their homes in panic， traffic jams all over the state and that the town became the centre of the universe.‎ Module 6‎ Reading and writing poetry are a very personal experience.For children，it is a good way to explore language and have a fun with words as well as to express themselves.‎ But teachers and psychologists have found other use for poetry as a form of therapy to help people with problems.Write poetry can help people deal with changes in their lives.By writing down your feelings，you can learn to understand yourself well and give yourself voice if you feel you are being ignored.A poem might be a way of telling someone everything when you don’t feel able to talk with it face to face.But it doesn’t mean they have lost their sense of humour.Poems writing as therapy can be funny too，while laughter is also considered to be very good medicine.‎ 答案　‎ Reading and writing poetry a very personal experience.For children，it is a good way to explore language and have a fun with words as well as to express themselves.‎ But teachers and psychologists have found use for poetry as a form of therapy to help people with problems. poetry can help people deal with changes in their lives.By writing down your feelings，you can learn to understand yourself and give yourself voice if you feel you are being ignored.A poem might be a way of telling someone when you don’t feel able to talk it face to face.But it doesn’t mean they have lost their sense of humour.Poems as therapy can be funny too， laughter is also considered to be very good medicine.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于人物介绍)‎ ‎1．乔治是一位医学专家，他以极大的耐心对待他的病人。‎ ‎2．遇到困难时，他不是抱怨，而是尽力去克服。‎ ‎3．他能容忍别人的弱点，愿意分担别人的痛苦。‎ ‎4．他把很多钱捐献给贫困地区的孩子们，这对他的同事影响很大。‎ ‎5．他被认为是当地最好的医生。‎ 提示：黑体部分用这三单元词汇表达，并且请使用who/which引导的定语从句，if引导的条件状语从句等。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)‎ George，who is a medical specialist，treats his patients with great patience.If he meets with difficulty，instead of complaining about it，he’ll do his best to overcome it.He is tolerant of other people’s weakness and would like to share others’ suffering.He has donated a lot of money to the children in poor areas，which has a great impact on his colleagues.He is acknowledged to be ‎ the best local doctor.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Young as/though I am，I already know what career I want to follow.‎ ‎2．This is opposed(oppose) to the “early bird” schedule，and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight.(2014·四川)‎ ‎3．The law does not allow people to accuse themselves of a crime.‎ ‎4．Take some time to reflect on your future plans.‎ ‎5．I smiled in relief as the last of them hurried out the door.‎ ‎6．People have always been curious about exactly how life on earth began.‎ ‎7．We managed to secure the committee’s approval(approve) of our plans.‎ ‎8．It was assumed(assume) that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.(2015·江苏)‎ ‎9．The newlybuilt laboratory has been equipped with the most advanced(advance) instruments.‎ ‎10．In the absence of proof(prove)，who is the thief is still not announced.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎(2017·重庆十一中月考)‎ If you want a little extra security against thieves stealing your bicycle，designer Dennis Siegel ‎ has designed a solution.The RFID Bikealarm is attached to the seat on a bicycle and gives off an alarm when it senses movement.‎ ‎“The RFID Bikealarm is meant to be a useful addon to mechanical bicycle locks because it greatly extends the range of protection with only a few components，” Siegel explains on his website.“It is lowcost，durable and easy to use.”‎ The Bikealarm was designed as part of Siegel’s Bachelor’s degree thesis at the University of the Arts Bremen in Germany.The device will scare off any wouldbe thieves the moment they begin to steal the bicycle to which it is attached.It is able to continuously sense the environment to distinguish between specific events，for instance a passing tram/car and a serious theft.‎ Siegel created a working model of an alarm that would sound when it sensed movement，but wasn’t initially sure how it would be best attached to a bicycle.“I decided to mount it to the rails of the seat because it allows for comfortable interaction and the position is less obvious as it looks like a small repair kit，” he says.‎ Siegel chose to use RFID technology rather than Bluetooth to keep the costs down.Siegel explains that the most difficult aspect of creating the alarm was to get the electronic circuit down to a small enough size.‎ The device runs off a kind of battery that can be charged by USB within 2 hours and lasts for a few days with normal use.As the Bikealarm is only at development stage，Siegel hasn’t signed any agreements to put it on the market.‎ 语篇解读　文章介绍了一种新型的防止自行车被盗的报警装置。‎ ‎11．When it senses movement，the RFID Bikealarm will .‎ A．make a warning sound B．fasten the bicycle tightly C．shake the bicycle quickly D．call the police automatically 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“...gives off an alarm when it senses movement.”以及第四段第一句“Siegel created a working model of an alarm that would sound when it sensed movement...”，可知它是依靠发出报警声来达到防盗的目的。故选A。‎ ‎12．Which of the following shows the right position of the RFID Bikealarm on a bicycle?‎ ‎　　 　A．　　　　　　　　　B.‎ ‎　　 C．　　　　　　　　　D.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The RFID Bikealarm is attached to the seat on a bicycle and gives off an alarm when it senses movement.”以及第四段最后一句“I decided to mount it to the rails of the seat...”可知它应该安装在座子下面的横梁上，故选B。‎ ‎13．What do we know about the RFID Bikealarm?‎ A．It can’t tell between specific events.‎ B．It is very difficult to use.‎ C．It uses a kind of battery for power.‎ D．It depends on Bluetooth technology.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The device runs off a kind of battery that can be ‎ charged by USB within 2 hours...”可知该装置的能量是由电池来提供的。故选C。‎ ‎14．It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that .‎ A．the electronic circuit is a little larger B．it’s very easy to make a Bikealarm C．it costs too much at present D．not many Bikealarms are produced 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知Siegel还没有把这种报警装置推到市场。故选D。‎ B Mars needs you！NASA reveals attractive new retro posters recruiting for a trip to the red planet.NASA is looking for brave，talented and adventurous individuals to help transform the red planet into a functioning society.‎ The US space agency has released an attractive new series of retro posters showing a range of positions that will need to be filled when humans eventually settle on Mars.Called “Mars Explorers Wanted”，the posters were designed to give people an idea about what is next in the future of space exploration and if they could play a role in the journey.The posters were originally created for an exhibit at the Kennedy Space Center，but NASA has released the full set to the public—free of charge.Here are some of the posters.‎ Mars Explorers Wanted Explorers wanted on the journey to Mars：Hike the solar system’s largest canyon，Valles Marineris on Mars，where you can catch blue sunsets in the twilight，and see the two moons of Mars (Phobos and Deimos) in the night sky.‎ Farmers wanted for survival on Mars：In space，you can grow tomatoes，lettuce and peas just like you would find in your summer garden.New ways of growing fresh food will be needed to ‎ keep brave explorers alive.‎ Surveyors wanted to explore Mars and its moons：Have you ever asked the question，what is out there？So have we！That curiosity leads us to explore new places like Mars.Just what lies beyond the next valley，canyon or hill is something we want to discover one day.‎ Technicians wanted to engineer our future on Mars：People with special talents will always be in demand for our journey to Mars.Whether repairing an antenna in the extreme environment of Mars，or setting up an outpost on the moon，Phobos，having the skills and desire to do mighty things is all you need.‎ We need you：We need many things for our journey to Mars，but one key piece is YOU!‎ 语篇解读　本文是美国国家航空航天局为招募前往火星的宇航员而发布的海报的一部分。‎ ‎15．Where can you catch blue sunsets in the twilight?‎ A．On the moon Phobos.‎ B．On the moon Deimos.‎ C．In your summer garden.‎ D．At Valles Marineris on Mars.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章海报中的第一段内容“Hike the solar system’s largest canyon，Valles Marineris on Mars，where you can catch blue sunsets in the twilight...”可知，在位于太阳系最大的峡谷——火星上的Valles Marineris，你可以在黄昏时分看到蓝色的日落。因此选D。‎ ‎16．Which of the following is NOT true，according to the passage?‎ A．NASA has released the full set of posters to the public for free.‎ B．An attractive new series of retro posters is called “Mars Explorers Wanted”．‎ C．The posters were originally created for an exhibit at the Kennedy Space Center.‎ D．The posters were mainly designed to explain the tasks of space exploration.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Called ‘Mars Explorers Wanted’，the posters were designed to give people an idea about what is next in the future of space exploration and if they could play a role in the journey.”可知，设计这些海报的目的是为了让人们了解未来太空探索要做什么以及人们是否可以参与其中。因此选D。‎ ‎17．If you are curious about what is on the moon，you can apply to be .‎ A．a farmer B．an explorer C．a surveyor D．a technician 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章海报中的第三段“Have you ever asked the question，what is out there？So have we！That curiosity leads us to explore new places like Mars.Just what lies beyond the next valley，canyon or hill is something we want to discover one day.”可知，如果你对月球上存在什么感兴趣，你可以申请成为一名勘测员。因此选C。‎ ‎18．What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?‎ A．To help people know more about Mars.‎ B．To tell people NASA is recruiting for a trip to Mars.‎ C．To urge people to explore Mars.‎ D．To show an attractive new series of retro posters.‎ 答案　B 解析　‎ 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文的主要内容是美国国家航空航天局为招募前往火星的宇航员而发布的海报的一部分。所以可推断出作者写这篇文章的目的是为了告诉人们美国国家航空航天局正在为火星之旅招贤纳士。因此选B。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·重庆一中摸底考试)‎ Suppose you will go blind 3 days later？How would you spend those 3 precious days？What would you see before going into darkness forever?‎ I should want 19. (much) to see the things which have become dear to me through my years of darkness.I should want to see the people whose 20. (kind) and company have made my life worth 21. (live)．First I should like to stare long 22. the face of my teacher，Mrs.Anne Sullivan Macy，who came to me when I was a child and 23. (open) the outer world to me.I should want not merely to see the outline of her face，so that I could cherish 24. in my memory，but to study that face and from it find the evidence of the love and patience with 25. she accomplished the difficult task of my education.I should like to see in her eyes that strength of character which has enabled her to act 26. (brave) in the face of difficulties，and that sympathy for all humankind 27. (show) to me so often.‎ Oh，those things above would be the things that I should see if I 28. (have) the power of sight for just 3 days!‎ ‎19．答案　most 解析　句意为：我应该最想看到的东西。此处用副词的最高级。故填most。‎ ‎20．答案　kindness 解析　whose作定语，修饰名词，故填kindness。‎ ‎21．答案　living 解析　固定词组：be worth doing sth.值得做某事。故填living。‎ ‎22．答案　at 解析　固定搭配：stare at盯着，故填at。‎ ‎23．答案　opened 解析　此处是并列谓语，根据句意可知用一般过去时态，故填opened。‎ ‎24．答案　it 解析　句意为：我把它珍藏在我的记忆里。it指代前面的the outline of her face，故填it。‎ ‎25．答案　which 解析　patience作先行词，后面是定语从句，“介词＋which”指物，引导定语从句，可知此处填which。‎ ‎26．答案　bravely 解析　副词修饰动词，故填bravely。‎ ‎27．答案　shown 解析　sympathy for all humankind与show为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填shown。‎ ‎28．答案　had 解析　此处是if引导的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，故用一般过去时态had。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·河北故城高级中学月考)‎ I had a interesting dream last night.I dreamed that I joined a race.At first，I could not run very fast and fell behind.So I didn’t lose my heart and kept running.All the students on the playground cheer me on，“Come on！”‎ I was too encouraged that I ran faster and fast till I caught up with all the other runners.I felt as if flying like a superman.In the end，I got to the finishing line first.I won the race.I felt very proudly of myself.Many of my classmate threw me up into the air.Just at that time，I woke up and found me still in bed!‎ 答案　‎ I had interesting dream last night.I dreamed that I joined a race.At first，I could not run very fast and fell behind. I didn’t lose my heart and kept running.All the students on the playground me on，“Come on！”‎ I was encouraged that I ran faster and till I caught up with all the other runners.I felt as if flying like a superman.In the end，I got to the finishing line first.I won the race.I felt very of myself.Many of my threw me up into the air.Just at that time，I woke up and found still in bed!‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 假设你是高三学生李华。你所在学校的英语协会将于十月三十号举办一场英语演讲比赛，请根据以下要点写一则英文通知，呼吁大家踊跃报名参加。‎ 要点如下：‎ ‎1．参加群体：高三年级全体学生；‎ ‎2．报名截止日期：十月十八号；‎ ‎3．比赛奖励：前三名由学校颁发荣誉证书；‎ ‎4．举办目的：激发大家学习英语的兴趣。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：荣誉证书certificate of honor 参考范文 NOTICE Dear students，are you eager to speak in public and be surrounded by applause？If your answer is yes，the English Association will help you realize your dream.With the aim of boosting ‎ our passion for English learning，an English speech contest is going to be held on October 30th.All Senior Three students are welcome to participate，and should sign up for it at the English Association office.The deadline is October 18th.The top three students in the contest will be presented with certificates of honor from the school.The contest is guaranteed to be enjoyable and rewarding for all its participants.Please join us!‎ The English Association ‎ ‎