2014年版高考英语冠词语法考点练习题目

2014年版高考英语冠词语法考点练习题目

易错题、陷阱题大汇编 易错题、陷阱题中隐含机关，预设陷阱，尽管你完全具备做好此类题的知识和能力，但由于你理解角度不对、分析思路不活、做题方法不当、使用技法不巧等，可能自认为捡了个大便宜，而实际上却刚好掉入了命题人为你精心准备的陷阱。‎ 冠词考点 ‎◆典型陷阱题分析◆‎ ‎1. “Do you know ______ English for ‘帅哥’?” “I’m afraid I don’t. I’m not interested in _______ English language.”‎ A. the, the B. the, 不填 C. 不填, the D. 不填, 不填 ‎【陷阱】容易误选D，因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。‎ ‎【分析】最佳答案为A。在英语中，表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。如：‎ ‎(1) 当语言名词表特指意义，其前可用定冠词。如：‎ The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England. 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。‎ ‎(2) 当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。如：‎ What’s the English for this? 这个东西用英语怎么说? ‎ ‎(3) 当在语言名词后加上 language一词时，也要用冠词。如：‎ There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英语发展过程中有很多变革。‎ ‎2. I couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but I knew it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at ______ church. ‎ A. a, the B. a, 不填 C. 不填, a D. 不填, 不填 ‎【陷阱】容易误选D，因为星期名词前不加冠词；而 at church 表示在教堂里做礼拜，其中也不用冠词。‎ ‎【分析】最佳答案为B。确实，在通常情况下星期名词前不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下还是可以用冠词的，如表示特指，其前可用定冠词；表示“某一个”或受描绘性定语修饰表示“某种”这样的意义等，其前可用不定冠词。如：‎ He came on the Sunday and went away on the Monday. 他星期日来，星期一就走了。‎ My birthday happened to be on a Saturday. 我的生日碰巧是星期六。‎ ‎3. Which person do you refer to, the one with ______ long hair or the one with _______ long beard?‎ A. a, a B. 不填，不填 C. a, 不填 D. 不填，a ‎【陷阱】误选A或B，认为hair(头发)和beard(胡须)性质和用法应该差不多，要么都可数，要么都不可数，或者说要么都用不定冠词，要么都不用。‎ ‎【分析】最佳答案选D。hair 和 beard 在用法上并不完全相同：hair 可用作可数或不可数名词，用作可数名词时，指一根一根的毛发或头发，如说 There’s a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发)；用作不可数名词（集合名词）时，则是整体地指一个人的头发。比较：‎ He has gray hairs. 他有几根白发了。‎ He has gray hair. 他满头白发了。‎ 而beard 则通常只用作可数名词，且指的是一个人所有的胡须，而不是指一根胡须，它的复数形式，通常是指多个人的胡须，而不是指多根胡须，如：‎ He no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡须。‎ Not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡须。‎ ‎4. I once watched _______ one-act play, which was played by _______ 11-year-old boy.‎ A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a ‎ ‎【陷阱】几个干扰均有可能误选。‎ ‎【分析】最佳答案填C。第一空填 a，因为 one-act它的第一个音是辅音不是元音；第二空填an，是因为 11的英文是 eleven它的第一个音是元音不是辅音。类似以下各题的答案是 C 不是其他：‎ ‎(1) Before he was arrested, he had taken _______ one-month holiday, and stayed in the country with ________ 18-year-old girl, one of his students.‎ A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a ‎ ‎(2) We hired _______ one-eyed man to play in our film, and we gave him _______ 100-pound check for just one minute.‎ A. a, an B. an, a C. a, a D. an, an ‎5. “Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.”‎ A. a, the B. the, the C. a, a D. the, a ‎【陷阱】误选A，生搬硬套冠词用法规则：第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠词，第二次再提到该人或该事物时用定冠词。‎ ‎【分析】最佳答案为C。第一空填a，比较好理解；而第二空填a是因为此句中的one 并非指前面提到的 pen，即这里的 one 与前面的 pen 并非同一事物，这从后面一句的 I think I saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。请比较下面一题： ‎ ‎“Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I found it in the corner.”‎ A. a, the B. the, the C. a, a D. the, a 此题的最佳答案是 A不是C。请注意其后 I found it in the corner这一信息，它表明说明者是拿着笔在与对方说话。请再看一个类似的例子：‎ ‎“Have you seen _______ new bike? I put it here just now.” “Is it _______ white one? A boy has ridden it away.”‎ A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; a 此题答案选A，注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行车已不在说话者身旁。‎ ‎6. My friend Mary is _____ beautiful girl and _____ girl everyone likes to work with.‎ A. a, a B. a, the C. the, a D. the, the ‎【陷阱】很容易误选B，认为第一次提到 girl 用不定冠词，第二次提到就应该用定冠词。‎ ‎【分析】最佳答案为A。句中第二次提到 girl 时并不是特指的，此句实为一省略句，补充完整为 My friend Mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 请再做以下试题(答案选A)：‎ ‎(1) Jim is _______ brave boy and _______ boy never fearing anything.‎ A. a, a B. a, the C. the, a D. the, the ‎(2) It is really _______ useful dictionary and _______ dictionary every one of us needs.‎ A. a, a B. a, the C. the, a D. the, the ‎◆精编陷阱题训练◆‎ ‎1. Since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again. ‎ A. the, the B. 不填，不填 C. the, 不填 D. 不填，the ‎2. The operation is _____ success and the patient is now out of _____ danger. ‎ A. a, the B. a, 不填 C. 不填, the D. 不填，不填 ‎3. As _____ writer, he was _____ complete failure. ‎ A. a, a B. a, the C. 不填，不填 D. a, 不填 ‎4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _____.‎ A. on the Sunday B. on a Sunday C. on Sunday D. at a Sunday ‎5. This is _____ best kind of _____ pen you can get here. ‎ A. the, the B. the, a C. the, 不填 D. a, the ‎6. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct. ‎ A. the, a B. the, 不填 C. a, 不填 D. 不填, the ‎7. He spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.‎ A. the, 不填 B. a, 不填 C. 不填, 不填 D. the, the ‎8. As _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find _______ work.‎ A. the, 不填 B.不填，不填 ‎ C. the, a D. an, the ‎9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment.‎ A. one a B. the one C. one D. a one ‎10. The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.‎ A. 不填, 不填 B. the, a C. 不填, the D. the, 不填 ‎11. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter.‎ A. 不填；the B. 不填；a ‎ C. the；不填 D. the; a ‎12. —John has put forward _______ most challenging question for us to answer.‎ ‎—Yes, it really is. I have never heard _______ harder one.‎ A. the; 不填 B. 不填; the C. the; the D. a; a ‎13. “What about ______ school?” “It is as good, as anybody can see, _____ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University.”‎ A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the ‎14. The market for ______ used computers is getting larger and larger as______ years go on.‎ A. 不填, 不填 B. the, 不填 C. the, the D. 不填, the ‎15. “Charley Oakley, ______ NBA All-star, hasn’t missed ______ game in the past three years.” “I can hardly believe it.”‎ A. an; the B. a; the C. the; a D. an; a ‎16. In the market, vegetables are sold by _______ kilogram, I mean, by _______ weight. ‎ A. the; 不填 B.不填; 不填 C. the; the D.不填；the ‎17. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.‎ A. the, an B. a, 不填 C. the, the D. 不填, the ‎18. The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small.‎ A. the, the B. a, the C. the, a D. a, a ‎19. ________ England of those years was _______ England in peace.‎ A. 不填, 不填 B. The, an C. The, 不填 D. 不填, an ‎20. — Did you happen to see _______ black and _______ white cat?‎ ‎— Are they missing? I told you to take care of them.‎ A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; the D. a; the ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎1. 选D，big city life 表泛指，其前不用冠词；country 表示“农村”时，其前习惯上要用定冠词。‎ ‎2. 选B，success 在此指“成功的事”，为可数名词；out of danger（脱离危险）为习语，其中不用冠词。‎ ‎3. 选A，其中的 failure 在此指“失败的人”，为可数名词。‎ ‎4. 选B，Sunday 前用不定冠词，表示“某一个”。‎ ‎5. 选C，kind of 后的名词通常不用冠词。‎ ‎6. 选B，当概括事物的种类时，用定冠词，不用不定冠词；另外in danger of 是短语，不用冠词。‎ ‎7. 选 A。on the phone 和 at work 均为习语，其中一个带冠词，一个不带冠词。‎ ‎8. 选 B。unemployment 和 work 均为不可数名词，表示一般意义时其前不用冠词。‎ ‎9. 选 D。a one bedroom apartment 意为“一套只带一间卧室的套房”。‎ ‎10. 选B。the young 意为“年轻人”，定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物；第二空填不定冠词修饰名词 topic。‎ ‎11. 选 A。over [on] the telephone 为习语，意为“通过电话”；若用 by telephone 则不用冠词，类似地，by letter（通过信件）也不用冠词。‎ ‎12. 选D。第一空后的most不是构成最高级，而是表示“很”、“十分”，故其前用a；第二空也填a，该句为 I have never heard a harder one than this one 的省略。‎ ‎13. 选B。第一空填the，表特指；第二空填a，表泛指，as good a school as No. Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University 意为“与湖南师大附中一样好的一所中学”。‎ ‎14. 选A。used computers 与 years 均为复数名词表示泛指意思，其前不用冠词。‎ ‎15. 选D。NBA中的 N 读音为 [en]，即前面一个音为元音，故填an不填a；第二空填a表泛指，泛指任何一场比赛。‎ ‎16. 选A。介词by表示“以…计”时，若后接单数可数名词，其前要用定冠词，如：by the week 按周，按星期 / by the ton 按吨 / by the yard 按码 / by the meter 按米；若后接抽象名词，则通常不用冠词，如：by volume 按体积 / by weight 按重量。‎ ‎17. 选B。knowledge 虽为不可数名词，但其前却可用不定冠词，表示某种程度的知识，有类似some的意思；第二空不填冠词，是因为trade 为不可数名词，表示泛指时不用冠词。‎ ‎18. 选B。序数词前通常用定冠词，表示特指（如第一空）；有时也用不定冠词，表示原有数量上的增加（如第一空）。‎ ‎19. 选B。原则上说，专有名词前不用冠词，但在些特殊情况下也可用冠词。此题第一空填定冠词，表特指，即指“那时的英国”；第二空填不定冠词，表示具有某种特征。‎ ‎20. 选C。Are they missing? 中的代词they 是一个很重要的信息词，它表明上文中的 _______ black and _______ white cat 是两只猫而不是一只猫，所以C。the black and white cat 可视为 the black cat and the white cat 之省略。若选A，则表示“一只黑白相间的猫”。‎