专题14 阅读理解（仿真押题）-2019年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题 （解析版）

专题14 阅读理解（仿真押题）-2019年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题 （解析版）

A Did you know that Albert Einstein could not speak until he was four years old，and could not read until he was seven？His parents and teachers worried about his mental ability.‎ Beethoven's music teacher said about him，“As a composer (作曲家) he is hopeless.” What if this young boy had believed it?‎ When Thomas Edison was a young boy，his teachers said he was so stupid that he could never learn anything.He once said，“I remember I used to be never able to get along at school.I was always at the foot of my class ...My father thought I was stupid，and I almost decided that I was a stupid person.” What if young Thomas had believed what they said about him?‎ When the sculptor (雕刻家) Auguste Rodin was young，he had difficulty learning to read and write.Today，we may say he had a learning disability.His father said of him，“I have an idiot (白痴) for a son.” His uncle agreed.“ He's_uneducable，” he said.What if Rodin had doubted his ability?‎ Walt Disney was once fired by a newspaper editor because he was thought to have no “good ideas”．Enrico Caruso was told by one music teacher，“You can't sing.You have no voice at all.” And an editor told Louisa May Alcott that she was unable to write anything that would have popular appeal.‎ What if these people had listened and become discouraged？Where would our world be without the music of Bee－thoven，the art of Rodin or the ideas of Albert Einstein and Walt Disney？As Oscar Levant once said，“It's not what you are but what you don't become that hurts.”‎ You have great potential.When you believe in all you can be，rather than all you cannot become，you will find your place on earth.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章列举了爱因斯坦、贝多芬、爱迪生等七个名人成功的故事，他们都曾得到别人较低的评价，但最终成功地实现了自己的梦想；“相信自己”是他们成功的关键。‎ ‎1．How many successful people are mentioned as examples in the passage?‎ A．Six.　　　B．Seven.‎ C．Eight. D．Nine.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎2．Which of the following statements is RIGHT?‎ A．When he was young，Thomas Edison always got good grades at school.‎ B．Levant thought Louisa May Alcott couldn't write any popular works.‎ C．Only Auguste Rodin's uncle regarded him as a boy of learning ability.‎ D．Both Enrico Caruso and Beethoven achieved their dreams in music.‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句、第五段的第二句及第六段的第二句可推知，贝多芬和恩里科·卡鲁索都实现了他们的音乐梦想，故D项正确。 ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎3．What's the meaning of the underlined sentence “He's uneducable”？‎ A．He can't be taught. B．He is very clever.‎ C．He is different. D．He is a late success.‎ ‎【解析】句意猜测题。根据第四段他的父亲和他的叔叔对他的评价“I have an idiot(白痴)for a son”“His uncle agreed”可知，他们都认为他是白痴；据此可以推断，该句意为“他是教不会的”，故A项正确。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎4．What is the best title of the passage?‎ A．Working Hard for Success B．Having Dreams C．Believing in yourself D．Self－challenging ‎【答案】C B ‎ Only after the repairman handed me the bill and waved goodbye — for the third time in six months — did I finally acknowledge the painful truth: Our 20yearold clothes dryer was busted. ‎ I turned to Tom, my husband. “He says we're throwing good money after bad，” I sighed. “I think he's right.”‎ ‎“I'm going to miss that guy，” said Tom. “When do you want to go shopping for a new one？”‎ ‎“Let me think about it.”‎ I glanced out of the window, appreciating the sunlight dancing on the bigleaf maples in our backyard. Perfect drying weather. Suddenly, I thought of my mother hanging laundry on the clothesline during my childhood. ‎ ‎“You know, we have all the things a dryer can give us right in the backyard: plenty of warmth, clean and fresh air, and lots of branches to hang clothes on，” I said.‎ ‎“And it would help with the rising electric bill，” noted Tom.‎ And so it began: After the wash cycle, we decorated the maples with damp blue jeans, shirts, socks and towels. In fact, there was a secret pleasure in hanging laundry outdoors. It was the perfect excuse to get up from the computer. While checking on the laundry in the backyard, I could listen to squirrels talking in trees, observe a family of wild turkeys by the road. I'd return to my desk, refreshed.‎ And, except for the sandpaper texture (质地) of sundried bath towels, the drying method was a complete success. But as autumn approached, I'd evaluate the day's drying potential. One morning I saw rain clouds ready to burst. I had a load of wet clothes in my arms and no place to put them.‎ I called my husband. Together we hung laundry throughout the house. Then my husband gave me a hug and a smile. “I think it's time to buy a dryer，” he said. “Like today.”‎ ‎“Good idea，” I said, just as the rain was on the way.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在烘干机出现故障无法修复之后如何弄干衣服的故事。作者首先想到了在院子里晾晒衣服的办法，而后来由于下雨又不得不重新考虑买一个烘干机。‎ ‎5．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 1?‎ A．Out of repair.　　　　　 B．Damaged.‎ C．Out of shape. D．Oldfashioned.‎ ‎6．From the conversation at the beginning, what was the husband's attitude towards hanging laundry outside?‎ A．Grateful. B．Worried.‎ C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。依据第七段“‘And it would help with the rising electric bill，’ noted Tom.”及第六段作者对在院子里晾晒衣服好处的叙述可知，丈夫支持在院子里晾晒衣服。故选C。‎ ‎7．We can learn from the passage that hanging laundry outside ________.‎ A．helped the couple to do laundry together B．helped to reduce the living cost more or less C．offered the author an chance to talk with squirrels D．helped the author to think of her childhood often 解析：选B　细节理解题。依据第七段“And it would help with the rising electric bill”可知，这样可以帮助减少使用烘干机所消耗的电费。D项“帮助作者想到童年”在文中虽有提及，但不过是作者看向窗外的时候想到了童年时在晾衣绳上晾晒衣服的情景，从而想到了在院子里晾晒衣服的主意，颠倒了因果关系。故选B。‎ ‎8．What would the couple do next according to the passage?‎ A．Go and get a dryer.‎ B．Reuse the old dryer.‎ C．Hang wet clothes at home.‎ D．Continue to hang laundry outside.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。依据倒数第二段“‘I think it's time to buy a dryer，’ he said.”以及下文作者的回复“Good idea”可知，作者夫妇俩一致同意购买一台新的烘干机。故选A。‎ C ‎ Anyone who has ever tried to make their way through the center of Amsterdam in a car knows it: the city is owned by cyclists. They hurry in swarms through the streets, unbothered by traffic rules, taking precedence (优先权) whenever they want, rendering motorists powerless by their sheer numbers.‎ Cyclists rule in Amsterdam and great pains have been taken to accommodate them: the city is equipped with an elaborate network of cyclepaths and lanes, so safe and comfortable that even toddlers and elderly people use bikes as the easiest mode of transport. It's not only Amsterdam which boasts a network of cyclepaths, of course; you'll find them in all Dutch cities.‎ The Dutch take this for granted; they even tend to believe these cyclepaths have existed since the beginning of time. But that is certainly not the case. This was a time in the 1950s and 60s, when cyclists were under severe threat of being expelled from Dutch cities by the growing number of cars. Only thanks to fierce activism and a number of decisive events would Amsterdam succeed in becoming what it is, unquestionably, now: the bicycle capital of the world.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。阿姆斯特丹是荷兰最大的城市，你想知道它是怎样成为世界自行车之都的吗？这篇文章将会告诉你答案。‎ ‎9．According to the passage，while cyclists in Amsterdam are crossing a street, ________.‎ A．they never feel easy to cross it as there are many cars B．they ignore traffic rules and follow motorists in swarms C．they cross it in a large number regardless of traffic rules D．they feel very nervous and cross it cautiously one after another ‎10．This passage is most probably taken from ________.‎ A．a science fiction B．a travelling magazine C．an academic report D．an instructive brochure 解析：选B ‎　文章出处题。根据文章第二、三段可知，在阿姆斯特丹，设计师精心设计了一个自行车道网络，道路如此安全和舒适以至于那些蹒跚行走的人和老年人都把自行车作为最舒适的交通方式，并且阿姆斯特丹已经成为世界上的自行车之都。整篇文章都是围绕阿姆斯特丹的最大特色，即机动车少，污染小展开的，所以这篇文章可能出自旅游杂志。B项意为“旅游杂志”，符合题意。A项意为“科幻小说”；C项意为“学术报告”；D项意为“指导手册”。故选B。‎ ‎11．Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in this passage?‎ A．Almost all people in Amsterdam like riding bicycles.‎ B．These cyclepaths haven't existed since the beginning of time.‎ C．Cities in some other countries have also begun to build their own cyclepaths.‎ D．In 1950s and 60s, cyclists were in the face of being driven by the growing number of cars.‎ ‎12．This passage mainly tells us ________.‎ A．why the people in Amsterdam rode bicycles B．when Amsterdam built many cyclepaths and lanes C．how Amsterdam became the bicycle capital of the world D．what the Amsterdam government has done in the past few years 解析：选C　主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段“Only thanks to ... of the world.”可知，本文主要讲述的是阿姆斯特丹如何成为世界自行车之都的。故C项符合题意。‎ D ‎ Guided Walking Week April 2016‎ Dates：April 30th－May 7th 2016‎ Location：Abdet, Costa Blanca A week of guided walking in the mountains around Abdet. Highlights include the climbing of Valencia's highest summit (Sierra de Aitana), traveling completely around the impressive Puig Campana, and several explorations in the Sierra de Aitana. Ancient trails lead through spectacular canyons (峡谷) to abandoned settlements situated high in the mountains. You will discover the snow trader routes which lead from the incredible snow holes high in the mountains down to the villages and towns on the coast. These years, golden eagles have made a return to this area, and you may also see other animals — wild goats, foxes, wild pigs and red squirrels.‎ As part of the week you are invited to help clear some local walking paths. This involves clearing collapsed walls and rocks, cutting back fallen trees. This is of course optional and is just for half a day, it's actually great fun!‎ Price：D|S499‎ Includes：‎ ‎·Accommodation in the beautiful mountain village of Abdet ‎·All food — good home cooking ‎·Beer, wine, soft drinks ‎·Snacks and post walk treats ‎·Packed lunches & drinks (except café/bar visits)‎ ‎·Expert guiding ‎·Photos/Videos of your days in the mountains ‎·Airport pickup/return D|S25 each way(fly to Alicante)‎ ‎·Single room supplement D|S75‎ To book or get further information, please contact info@abdet.com.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一则通知。主要介绍了2016年4月春游的时间、地点、活动及费用等信息。‎ ‎1．What will you find during the guided walking?‎ A．Climbing Sierra de Aitana is the most exciting.‎ B．Ancient trails have changed into highways.‎ C．The environment in Abdet is getting better.‎ D．Traders live in incredible snow holes.‎ ‎2．What may you enjoy if you pay D|S499?‎ A．Packed lunches including bar visits.‎ B．Good home cooking breakfast only.‎ C．Bus stop pickup/return each way.‎ D．Pictures and professional guiding.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Price：D|S499部分“Expert guiding”和“Photos/Videos of your days in the mountains”可知，499美元的费用包括专业导游和游玩照片、视频。故选D。‎ ‎3．What do the details presented in the ad suggest?‎ A．Clearing walking paths is a must. ‎ B．People can book the walking online.‎ C．Accommodation conditions are tough.‎ D．The walking ends on April 30th 2016.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“To book or get further information, please contact info@abdet.”可知，人们可以在网上预订春游。故选B。‎ E ‎ The highprotein, lowcarbohydrate (碳水化合物) diets many people turn to for weight loss might have potentially harmful longterm effects on the colon,_a small study indicates.‎ In the study, UK researchers found that a proteinheavy, lowcarb diet created certain changes in the colon that could contribute to colon cancer risk. The study itself does not show whether highprotein diets really raise the risk of any colon diseases, but the findings raise that possibility.‎ Diets relatively high in protein and lower in carbs have been shown to help heavy people lose weight. “People should not be discouraged from losing weight，” Dr Flint said. However, he added, they should make sure that any weight loss plan includes adequate amounts of fiber and a high protein intake over months to years might have ill effects on the colon.‎ The findings are based on 17 overweight men who followed three shortterm diets: a oneweek menu plan to keep their weight; a fourweek highprotein diet with reasonable amounts of carbohydrates; and a fourweek highprotein diet low in carbs.‎ On average, the study found when the men were on the highprotein diets, they had higher levels of substances known as Nnitroso compounds (亚硝基化合物) and other metabolites (代谢物) that have been linked to cancer. And when they were on the highprotein, lowcarb diet, they had lowered amounts of fiberoriginated compounds thought to be protective against cancer.‎ Exactly what those changes might mean for a person's health is not clear. But Flint said that the findings suggest that people should be cautious about consuming too much protein and too little fiber over a long period. In general, experts recommend that adults get about 28 grams of fiber per day — though it's not known whether that's enough for someone on a highprotein weightloss diet.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一些人为了减肥，长期食用高蛋白、低碳水化合物的食物。然而科学研究表明，长期保持这样的饮食习惯会对人体产生危害。‎ ‎4．The underlined word “colon” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to “________”．‎ A．a habit　　　　　　 　B．intelligence C．an organ D．behaviour ‎5．The study shows that highprotein, lowcarb diets may ________.‎ A．affect your mood B．harm your body C．lower cancer risks D．keep your figure 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“but the findings raise that possibility”和第三段最后一句中的“any weight loss plan includes adequate amounts of fiber and a high protein intake over months to years ‎ might have ill effects on the colon”可知，长期摄入大量的纤维和高蛋白对结肠有不良影响，即对身体有伤害。故B项正确。 ‎ ‎6．It can be inferred from the text that ________.‎ A．we shouldn't take the study seriously B．people should be cautious to lose weight C．it is better to follow a lowcarb diet D．weight problems are hard to solve ‎7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To advise how to lose weight.‎ B．To talk about healthy diets.‎ C．To describe a research process.‎ D．To introduce a scientific finding.‎ 解析：选D　写作意图题。通读全文可知，第一段为文章中心；由此可知，本文主要介绍了关于节食减肥对身体影响的一项科学研究。故D项正确。‎ F ‎ The new highspeed railway line between Urumqi, capital of the Xinjiang Uygur selfgoverning region, and Lanzhou, capital of Gansu Province, has cut train travel time by half to less than 12 hours.‎ ‎ The dramatic improvement will benefit many families planning reunions for Spring Festival.‎ ‎“For the first time, I feel home is not that far away after all，” said Liang Shaofu as he boarded a highspeed train in Urumqi with six members of his family.‎ ‎ The 35yearold left Lanzhou to set up a dry fruit business in Xinjiang eight years ago, and he has now settled in Urumqi.‎ ‎ The 1,776km line, which passes through Qinghai Province and is the country's first highspeed railway to be built in a highaltitude region, came into service on Dec. 26.‎ ‎ “We normally drive home for Spring Festival to avoid the difficulties of buying seven train tickets for the whole family during the peak season，” Liang said. “Driving can be very tiring and dangerous sometimes, so one year we even decided not to go back to Lanzhou simply to avoid the trip.”‎ ‎ More than 600,000 passengers traveled on the line during its first month, and the Urumqi Railway Bureau said the introduction of highspeed services will ease transport pressure during the Spring Festival peak season.‎ ‎ The existing usual railway line could no longer support Xinjiang's development. All passenger trains will gradually shift to the new link, leaving the old one to be used for goods. As a result, Xinjiang's annual goods ability could reach 200 million metric tons from the current 70 million.‎ ‎ The line passes through areas that experience high winds, and it also crosses parts of the deserted QinghaiTibet Plateau and the bonedry sands of the Gobi Desert.‎ ‎ “The project could help China to promote its highspeed railway technology abroad，” said Ma Xizhang, director of the LanzhouXinjiang railway project's management department in Xinjiang.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了兰新高铁给当地人民带来的好处。‎ ‎8．How long did it take to go from Urumqi to Lanzhou by the usual train before? ‎ A．About 12 hours. B．About 6 hours. ‎ C．About 18 hours. D．About 24 hours.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据“The new highspeed railway line between ... to less than 12 hours.”可推知，以前大约需要24小时。故答案选D。‎ ‎9．What's the main advantage of the new highspeed railway?‎ A．It takes less time to go from Urumqi to Xi'an.‎ B．It will be more convenient for people all over the country to Xinjiang.‎ C．All the people in Lanzhou can return home on festivals.‎ D．It helps to improve Xinjiang's development.‎ ‎10．From the passage we can learn ________.‎ A．Xinjiang's annual goods ability can increase nearly four times B．the new railway technology may help more railway lines to be built abroad C．the highspeed railway lines can't be built across the bonedry sands D．the old railway lines can only carry goods now 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The project could help China to promote its highspeed railway technology abroad ...”可知，这项工程能够帮助提高中国高铁技术在国外的声誉。由此可推知，新的铁路技术或许能帮助国外修建更多铁路。故答案选B。‎ ‎11．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ‎ A．The new highspeed railway line is good for all people to go home. ‎ B．The new highspeed railway line benefits businessmen to carry goods.‎ C．Taking the new train is safer than driving home from Urumqi to Lanzhou.‎ D．Businessmen seldom went home for Spring Festival before.‎ G When going through major life changes，like changing careers，I would change the people with whom I spent the most time.We've all gone through periods when the people in our lives have changed—graduation，moving to a new city，getting a new job，joining a new club，etc.I don't think I need to convince you just how much influence other people can have over your identity.If you've ever experienced a major switch in your people environment，then you know that you change as well.‎ Most people don't make these choices consciously (意识到地) though.You might consciously decide to spend more time with a certain friend，or you may ask someone out on a date to begin a new relationship.But few people choose their existing friendships deliberately.‎ There's_no_“getting_rid_of_people”．People are always dropping into and out of each other's lives.Associations grow into friendships，and friendships fade into associations.You don't get rid of anyone.The truth is that in order to make room for new people and new experiences，you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections.‎ What about loyalty (忠诚)？Shouldn't you always be loyal to your friends？Once you have a close friend，even if his influence on you is slightly harmful，shouldn't you stick by him?‎ Loyalty to a friend sometimes means having to let go.It means being loyal to his highest and best self as well.If someone is destroying his health by smoking，for example，you aren't showing loyalty by smoking right along with him.True loyalty sometimes requires that you break damaging connections，get yourself back on solid ground，and then decide what you can really do to help your friend.‎ It can take a lot of courage to tell someone.“I'm sorry，but I can't have you in my life anymore.” But even though this might seem like a selfish act at times，it's often the best thing for the other person too.If a relationship is holding you back in some way，understand that it's also hurting the other person.For example，if you work for a violent boss，your acceptance of that situation is considered to be silent approval，encouraging your boss to continue to behave violently.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了人的一生会经历很多的改变，从而告诉我们如何适应改变以及怎样做才是对朋友真正的忠诚。‎ ‎8．When experiencing major life changes，people may ________.‎ A．join a new social community B．influence their friends around C．choose their friendships purposely D．have their people environment changed ‎【答案】D ‎9．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A．Everyone has at least one friend.‎ B．It is unnecessary to make new friends.‎ C．Friendship still exists though there are fewer connections.‎ D．You ought to treat your old and new friends equally.‎ ‎【解析】句意理解题。根据画线句后的“People are always dropping into and out of each...you may need to loosen up some of your existing connections.”可知，尽管人们之间的联系少了，但友谊依然存在。故选C项。‎ ‎【答案】C ‎10．What is the author's opinion on the loyalty to friends?‎ A．Never betray your close friends whatever happens.‎ B．Correct their mistakes while you guard their goodness.‎ C．Stick by your friends even though they do harm to you.‎ D．Break up with your friends immediately if they smoke.‎ ‎【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的第二句和最后一句可知，作者对朋友忠诚的态度是纠正错误但要捍卫他们的优点，即B项正确。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎11．How should we behave when employed by a violent boss?‎ A．We should accept what we are told to do.‎ B．We should stay silent and be in favor of him.‎ C．We should bravely disobey him if he is wrong.‎ D．We shoud give our boss courage to continue.‎ ‎【答案】C H The wallet is heading for extinction.As a day－to－day essential，it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers.The kind of shopping，where you hand over notes and count out change in return，now happens only in the most minor of our retailers (零售商)，like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a corner shop.At the shops where you spend any real money，that money is increasingly abstracted.And this is more and more true，the higher up the scale you go.At the most cuttingedge (前沿的) retail stores，Victoria Beckham on Dover Street，for instance，you don't go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay.The staff is equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.‎ Across society，the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy.Maybe I'm just old－fashioned.But earning money isn't quick or easy for most of us.Isn't it a bit weird(不可思议的) that spending it should happen in half a blink (眨眼睛) of an eye？Doesn't a wallet，that time－honored Friday－night feeling of pleasing，promising fatness，represent something that matters?‎ But I'll leave the economics to the experts.What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment.Everything about the look and feel of a wallet，the way the materials wear and tear and loosen with age，the plastic and paper and gold and silver，and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets，is the very opposite of what our world is becoming.The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad.The rounded edges，cool glass，smooth and unknowable as a pebble.Instead of digging through pieces of paper，we move our fingers left and right.No more counting out coins.Show your wallet，if you still have one.It may not be here much longer.‎ 语篇解读：文章介绍随着电子商务的发展，钱包就要消失了，作者认为自己过时了，对这个日益变化的世界感觉不安。‎ ‎1．What is happening to the wallet?‎ A．It is disappearing.‎ B．It is becoming costly.‎ C．It is being fattened.‎ D．It is changing in style.‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The wallet is heading for extinction.”可知，钱包正在消失。故选A。 ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎2．How are businesses done in big modern stores?‎ A．Individually. B．In the abstract.‎ C．Electronically. D．Via a cash register.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎3．What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?‎ A．Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.‎ B．The pleasing Friday－night feeling is fading.‎ C．Earning money is getting more difficult.‎ D．Spending money is so fast and easy.‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“But earning money isn't quick or easy for most of us.”可知，挣钱不快也不容易，但花钱这么快这么容易让作者不舒服。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎4．What can we infer from the passage about the author?‎ A．He is resistant to social changes.‎ B．He is against technological progress.‎ C．He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.‎ D．He feels insecure in the ever－changing modern world.‎ ‎【答案】D I China's online retailers(零售商) are busy preparing for what has become the country's annual online shopping ‎ festival on November 11th.‎ November 11 is a date made up of four ones，and “double eleven” has always been considered a special day for single men and women in China.Five years ago the Internet retailer Alibaba began promoting it as a shopping festival，and it has now turned to be the country's busiest day for online retailers and millions of shopping lovers.‎ JD.com is trying to attract more retailers by offering them free delivery service for a month.Alibaba itself has invited some 30,000 offline stores to participate in the online shopping party.More than 20,000 vendors on Alibaba's sites—Tmall and Taobao are promising 50 percent discounts on the day.Shanghaibased Yhd.com，also called Yihaodian，a Chinese ecommerce company that is majorityowned by WalMart Stores，is setting up a special sale of imported foods.‎ Last year Alibaba earned 19.1 billion yuan in sales during the double eleven promotions.And a 100 billion yuan logistics(物流) network was set up by Alibaba this May that aims to make 24hour deliveries possible.‎ The major logistics player Shentong shipped more than 8 million items during “double eleven”．Shentong has more than 150,000 staff，and expects things to be even busier this year.Yang Jinghai，Director of Human Resources of Shentong Express，says，“We have hired 30 percent more staff for double eleven，and we have couriers'(快递员) bonuses ready.”‎ On double eleven China's ecommerce sites receive more visits than the entire population of Brazil.It is believed that China will replace the US as the world's top ecommerce market this year.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国各大购物网站为迎接“双十一”所做的各项准备。‎ ‎1．What can we infer from the second paragraph?‎ A．“Double eleven” is an official festival in China.‎ B．Most people will go shopping online on “double eleven”．‎ C．“Double eleven” is no longer a special day for singles in China.‎ D．Online retailers will make a lot of preparations before “double eleven”．‎ ‎【解析】推理判断题。根据第二自然段可以推知，在双11之前，各个电商肯定会为他们最繁忙的这一天做好充分的准备，所以可以推知选项D正确。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎2．What kind of situation are you most likely to meet if you buy things online on “double eleven”？‎ A．You will get a 50% discount.‎ B．You will find more goods online.‎ C．You are not able to buy imported goods.‎ D．You can get free delivery service for a month.‎ ‎【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可以判断，在双11那天，我们会在网上看到更多的商品，所以选项B正确。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎3．What does the underlined word in the third paragraph probably mean?‎ A．Someone who sells things.‎ B．Someone who buys things.‎ C．Someone who delivers things.‎ D．Someone who collects things.‎ ‎【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三自然段可以推知，画线词指的是天猫和淘宝上的卖家，所以答案为A。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎4．What's the author's attitude towards the online shopping festival on November 11th?‎ A．Supportive.　　　　　　 B．Critical.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Objective.‎ ‎【答案】D J Reuel Tolkien (1892～1973)，the British linguist，writer.He created a fantasy novel “The Lord of the Rings” the wellknown trilogy (三部曲)．‎ Tolkien was born in Bloemfontein，South Africa.When he was 4 years old，his father died and his family moved back to England.Tolkien graduated from Oxford University when he was 23 years old，and participated in the First World War.During the war，Tolkien suffered from “trench fever” and stayed in the hospital until the end of World War Ⅰ.It was the days in the hospital that he began his writing career first.‎ After the war，Tolkien became a linguist.He was an editor of the “New English Dictionary” of 1918～1920.However，he was more researching into Anglo－Saxon language which makes his extensive contacts in Britain and the Nordic spread all over the folklore and mythology.‎ In 1937，Tolkien completed his first work “The Hobbit”．Although this was a fairy tale，it was also suitable for ‎ adults to read.Because of good sales，the publisher Allen & Unwin convinced Tolkien to write its sequel.This encouraged Tolkien to complete his most famous works the epic (史诗) trilogy “The Lord of the Rings”．The works of writing went on for almost a year with the support from his good friend Lewis.‎ At the beginning “The Lord of the Rings” was similar works for children，but after that writing style quickly became serious and dark.“The Lord of the Rings” was one of the most popular literary works in the 20th century in terms of sales and readers' evaluation.Tolkien's influence is important，for the success of “The Lord of the Rings” makes the fantasy novels of this literature genre (体裁) develop rapidly.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了《指环王》的作者瑞尔·托尔金生平。他早年丧父，后来参加了第一次世界大战。战时患上“战壕热”，在医院期间他开始了他的写作生涯。‎ ‎4．When did Tolkien take part in World War I?‎ A．in 1896.　　　　　　　　 B．in 1915.‎ C．in 1916. D．in 1937.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎5．Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A．Tolkien's father died of “trench fever”．‎ B．Tolkien wrote the “New English Dictionary” himself.‎ C．“The Lord of the Rings” was finished about half a year.‎ D．Tolkien began his writing career in the hospital.‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“It was the days in the hospital that he began his writing career first.”可知，瑞尔·托尔金是在医院开始他的写作生涯的，故D项正确。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎6．What is Tolkien's “The Lord of the Rings” considered to be?‎ A．The first works of Tolkien.‎ B．Always serious and dark.‎ C．Beneficial to the development of the fantasy novels.‎ D．The most popular literary works in the 20th century.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎7．The word “evaluation” in the last paragraph is close to the meaning of “ ________”．‎ A．opinion B．value C．interest D．hobby ‎【解析】词义猜测题。根据本文倒数第二句中的“‘The Lord of the Rings' was one of the most popular literary works in the 20th century in terms of sales and readers’．..”可知，“The Lord of the Rings”是二十世纪最受欢迎的文学作品之一，这是读者和书商的评价；据此可以判断，画线词意为“评价”，故A项“观点，看法”正确。 ‎ ‎【答案】A K It was not until I was 9 years old that I found out my father was ill.It was 1994，but I can remember my mother's words as if it were yesterday: “Kernel，I don't want you to take food from your father，because he has AIDS.Be very careful when you are around him.” AIDS wasn't something we talked about in my country when I was growing up.From then on，I knew that this would be a family secret.My parents were not together anymore，and my dad lived alone.For a while，he could take care of himself.But when I was 12，his condition worsened.My father's other children lived far away，so it fell to me to took after him.‎ We couldn't afford all the necessary medicine for him，and because Dad was unable to work，I had no money for school supplies and often couldn't even buy food for dinner.I would sit in class feeling completely lost, the_teacher's_words_muffled_as_I_tried_to_figure_out_how_I_was_going_to_manage.I did not share my burden with anyone.I had seen people reacted to AIDS.Kids laughed at classmates who had parents with the disease.And even adults could be cruel.When my father was moved to the hospital，the nurses would leave his food on the bedside even though he was too weak to feed himself.‎ I had known that he was going to die，but after so many years of keeping his condition a secret，I was completely unprepared when he reached his final days.Sad and hopeless，I called a woman at the nonprofit National AIDS Support.That day，she kept me on the phone for hours.I was so lucky to find someone who cared.She saved my life.‎ I was 15 when my father died.He took his secret away with him，having never spoken about AIDS to anyone，‎ even me.He didn't want to call attention to AIDS.I do.‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文，作者介绍自己的父亲患有艾滋病，但家人以及父亲一直保守这个秘密。作者一直照顾父亲直到父亲去世，作者想通过讲述父亲的事来引起大家对艾滋病的重视。‎ ‎1．What does Kernel tell us about her father?‎ A．He had stayed in the hospital since he fell ill.‎ B．He worked hard to pay for his medication.‎ C．He told no one about his disease.‎ D．He was carefully attended by the nurses on his deathbed ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段He took his secret away with him，having never spoken about AIDS to anyone，even me.可知，她的父亲直到去世也没有把这个秘密告诉任何一个人，哪怕是作者自己。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】C ‎2．What can we learn from the underlined sentence?‎ A．Kernel found what the teacher said hard to understand.‎ B．Kernel had special difficulty in hearing.‎ C．Kernel was too tired to hear her teacher's words.‎ D．Kernel was too troubled to focus on the lesson.‎ ‎【答案】D ‎3．Why did Kernel keep her father's disease a secret?‎ A．She wanted to obey her mother.‎ B．She was afraid of being looked down upon.‎ C．She found no one willing to listen to her.‎ D．She thought it was shameful to have AIDS.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎4．What's the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To tell people about the sufferings of her father.‎ B．To prove how little people knew about AIDS.‎ C．To draw people's attention to AIDS.‎ D．To recall a hard time of her childhood.‎ ‎【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段He didn't want to call attention to AIDS.I do.可知，作者的父亲不想让艾滋病引起大家的注意，但是作者想让大家注意艾滋病，对艾滋病重视起来，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】C L Dyslexia is a problem that restricts the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read.People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write.Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence.The problem involves areas of the brain that process language.Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading to provide them with early help.John Gabrieli at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is leading the study of five－year－olds in about twenty schools in the Boston area.‎ They studied in the schools with kindergartens.And for all the children joining in the study，they give them a brief set of paper－and－pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to read.So far，fifty of them have been examined in a scanner，a special machine，to show brain activity.Written tests are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems，while brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems.And with reading problems，early identification is important.When it comes to helping children overcome reading difficulties，the younger the child，the more effective they are.‎ Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade.The later children are recognized as poor readers，the less treatment can help.And，as Professor Gabrieli points out，poor reading can make education a struggle.Reading is everything.Even math and science have textbooks.‎ While the children are given tasks related to reading，the brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work.The scientists say they are pleased with early results from the study，but have a long way to go.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。讲述了孩子诵读困难症的症状、研究及治疗的时期和必要性等内容。‎ ‎9．Dyslexia affects the part of brain concerning ________.‎ A．eyesight B．intelligence ‎ C．language D．emotion ‎【答案】C ‎10．Dyslexia problems are more likely to be identified through ________.‎ A．speech contests B．reading efficiency ‎ C．listening comprehension D．brain scans ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“While the children are given tasks related to reading，the brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work.”可知，这种脑部扫描仪是用来测量孩子阅读时脑部的活动程度的。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎11．According to the passage，which of the followings has the best time to overcome reading difficulties?‎ A．Tom，a boy in the kindergarten.‎ B．Kate，a high school leaver.‎ C．Jane，a primary school student.‎ D．Steve，a man in his thirties.‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“And with reading problems，early identification is important.When it comes to...”及第三段前两句“Reading problems are not usually identified...The later children are recognized as poor readers，the less treatment can help.”可知，在克服孩子诵读困难这个问题上，时间很重要，越早越容易治疗，越晚就越没效果。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎12. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．An effective way to identity Dyslexia at an early stage.‎ B．A learning disorder involving one's intelligence.‎ C．Dyslexia——a problem affecting one's reading and writing.‎ D．A possible solution to the problems related to Dyslexia.‎ ‎【答案】C M ‎(2018·泰安一模)The most powerful rocket to leave Earth since the Apollo missions launched (发射) from Florida on February 6.‎ What was the launch trying to achieve?‎ The Falcon (猎鹰) Heavy test flight was mostly a proofofconcept, showing the world it is possible to successfully fly a rocket with three reusable boosters (助推器) beyond orbit.SpaceX billionaire Elon Musk said that the company planned to aim the rocket so the electric car reached Mars' orbital path around the sun about six months after launch.‎ He added that the car could pass close to the red planet as it crossed its orbit，though he admitted this was “extremely unlikely”．‎ What does SpaceX gain from the flight?‎ SpaceX was built around the idea that reusable rockets could greatly reduce the cost of carrying cargo (货物) into space for paying customers, such as satellites or space station resupplies.‎ Showing that the huge Falcon Heavy rocket actually works is important if SpaceX plans to sell cargo space on the craft in future, with the company planning to charge customers D|S90 million per flight.‎ Has SpaceX achieved its goals?‎ Musk repeatedly warned Falcon Heavy would likely explode on the launch station as a result of its huge power.SpaceX had sligHTKy overcooked one of the rocket's booster burns, sending the main capsule out of its planned track.The car will likely end up further into the solar system than intended, missing Mars.‎ In short, the rocket made it beyond Earth's orbit — SpaceX's primary goal — but missed its targets to reland all three boosters and send Musk's Tesla to Mars.‎ Does that matter?‎ SpaceX's failure to reland all three of its boosters will be a concern for potential customers.Despite the faults, the launch has still been praised by industry experts as a gamechanger because of its potential to motivate the company to the very forefront of the modern day space race.‎ Once it irons out the errors, SpaceX will offer cargo rides aboard the most powerful operational rocket in the world.‎ 语篇解读：SpaceX旨在把电动汽车发送到火星的轨道路径上，虽然最终未完全实现目标，但也完成了基本目标，把该车发射到脱离地球轨道了。‎ ‎1．Why did SpaceX launch the Falcon Heavy — the most powerful rocket?‎ A．To fly a rocket with three reusable boosters beyond orbit.‎ B．To test the function of his electric car — Tesla.‎ C．To send the electric car to the orbital path of Mars.‎ D．To help the government to explore the Mars.‎ ‎2．What effect will the reusable rockets bring?‎ A．The cost of satellites or space station resupplies will be reduced.‎ B．More customers can afford the space flight in the future.‎ C．SpaceX will gain less profit from the flight.‎ D．They would likely cause explosion.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章第五段的内容可知将来更多的客户会付得起太空飞行的费用。‎ ‎3．What goal did SpaceX achieve in the last?‎ A．It sent the main capsule into its planned track.‎ B．The car ended up further into the solar system as intended.‎ C．The rocket made the car beyond Earth's orbit.‎ D．It relanded all three boosters and sent Musk's Tesla to Mars.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第七段的内容可知SpaceX把电动汽车发射到脱离地球轨道了。‎ ‎4．How would the professionals feel about the future of SpaceX?‎ A．It's unexpected.　　　　 B．It's ambiguous.‎ C．It's discouraging. D．It's hopeful.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Despite the faults, the launch has still been praised by industry experts as a gamechanger because of its potential to motivate the company to the very forefront of the modern day space race.”可知专家们对SpaceX的将来感到很有希望。‎ N I dropped out of college after my freshman year.Three years later, I quit a deadend job and returned to college.I saw school as my way out.‎ But I quickly found myself facing the same roadblocks that had caused me to quit before: I was confused about collegelevel algebra and a heavy workload of reading and writing assignments.Moreover, I was unsure of my career direction.I was ready to drop out again.Then a smartlydressed woman walked confidently to the front of my English composition class.“Look at you! Look at each and every one of you，” she said.“You're here to change your lives for the better.And you're going to make it！” I can't remember the rest of the speech, but it changed the course of my college career, and my life.‎ Mrs.Smith didn't know me from any of the other 40 faces in her classroom, but I felt she was speaking directly to me.Having trouble keeping up with the workload? Break it down into small pieces, and set up a schedule that suits you.If college algebra is too difficult, drop back to introductory college math.As for English composition, she gave us writing assignments we could relate to.“Go for the best, kids.You're worth it，” she'd say.‎ I graduated from that college and went on to get my bachelor's degrees.Today, as a college instructor, each fall when I stand in front of a new class, I think of Mrs.Smith and how much teachers can affect their students.She couldn't have known it when she gave that pep talk, but she made a huge difference to my life.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了对“我”影响深远的一位老师：Mrs. Smith。‎ ‎1．Why did the author want to quit school again?‎ A．He wanted to return to his former job.‎ B．He decided on his future career.‎ C．The academic pressure seemed unbearable.‎ D．Many changes took place in his life.‎ ‎2．How did Mrs.Smith help the author?‎ A．She made him feel relaxed.‎ B．She helped him with algebra.‎ C．She talked to him directly.‎ D．She brought him courage and faith.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二至四段的内容尤其是第三段中的“Go for the best, kids. You're worth it”和第四段最后一句可知，Smith老师鼓励的话语对“我”的生活产生了巨大影响，她给“我”带来了勇气和信心。‎ ‎3．What can we infer about the author?‎ A．He learnt to be a better teacher.‎ B．He didn't finish his college education.‎ C．He became Mrs.Smith's favorite student.‎ D．He didn't understand the writing assignments.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，受到Smith老师的影响，“我”学着去做一个更好的老师。‎ ‎4．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Always believe in yourself B．Never quit before trying C．Experience is worth valuing D．A lady changed my life in time O My favorite book, The Secret by Rhonda Byrne, talks about a formula called “SFF”， which stands for “stopping finding faults”. I used to be a critical person and tried to find faults. I guess I somehow inherited this character from my father. Actually many good qualities of my father are worth admiring except this.‎ My father is the person who constantly looks for mistakes in other people and he thinks no one is perfect in the world. His character created a negative atmosphere in my family. I was the same as my father, so I often felt angry, disappointed, depressed, and lonely in school.‎ After I had read my favorite book I began to seek “good things” in other people. It has completely altered my life. Now I feel happier, I have more friends, I have more trust in people, and I realize everyone has their own strength! Another important lesson I got from this book is that I should always behave myself in a positive manner. Let's admit that we sometimes complain about our situation. That's not good. “Believe it or not, people don't like to listen to negative opinions.”‎ One more valuable lesson I got from the book is that I should be a good listener. When I was younger, I only wanted people to pay whole attention to my words so that I could show them how important I was. I was very proud and would show off my achievements in school without considering others' feelings. I had very few friends and most people considered me as an arrogant person. Now, I find it much easier to make friends after making some changes!‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，文中讲述了Rhonda Byrne的书《秘密》对作者人生态度的影响。‎ ‎1．Why does the author like the book The Secret?‎ A．Because he's found the secret of success from it.‎ B．Because the book uncovers the secrets of happiness.‎ C．Because he's learnt his father's character from it.‎ D．Because it helps him change his attitude towards life.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“After I had read my favorite book I began to seek ‘good things’ in other people”和“Another important lesson I got from this book is that I should always behave myself in a positive manner”和第四段中的“One more valuable lesson I got from the book is that I should be a good listener”可知，《秘密》这本书改变了作者的人生态度，故选D项。 ‎ ‎2．What do you know about the author's father?‎ A．He makes his son feel angry and disappointed.‎ B．He likes finding faults with people around him.‎ C．He seems a critical person but in fact is easygoing.‎ D．He can create a negative atmosphere when necessary.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My father is the person who constantly looks for mistakes in other people and he thinks no one is perfect in the world”可知，作者的父亲是一个不停地寻找别人错误的人，他认为世界上没有人是完美的，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．The underlined word “arrogant” in the last paragraph probably means “________”．‎ A．selfimportant　　　　　　 B．admirable C．troublesome D．coldblooded ‎4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To persuade readers to be good listeners.‎ B．To share his painful changing experience.‎ C．To tell readers the influence of a book on him.‎ D．To show the result of his father's negative character.‎ 解析：选C　写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文重点讲述了Rhonda Byrne的书《秘密》对作者人生态度的影响，使其以更积极和谦恭的态度对待别人。因此作者写本篇文章的目的是告诉读者这本书对作者的影响，故选C项。‎ P Ireland's Achill Island has always been a popular European tourist destination.However, since April in 2017, the small island of just 2,700 residents (居民) has gained worldwide fame thanks to the magical return of a beach that was washed away over three decades ago.‎ The chain of events began in 1984 when residents of Dooagh, one of the settlements on the island, awoke to a surprising sight: their beautiful sandy beach had been washed away by strong Atlantic storms.There were only rocks and rock pools left.For about 34 years, only small amounts of sand returned to the once unspoiled shores.The area's tourism industry slowly declined, and the handful of beachside hotels, pubs, and restaurants gradually closed as well.‎ Then around Easter in 2017, something magical happened — an unusual tenday tide blanketed the barren 300meter long rock beach with hundreds of tons of soft golden sand.Scientists suspect that the sand had been gathering offshore for months and was transported to the beach by the high winds and powerful waves.‎ The locals are delighted to have their beach back, especially as it is attracting thousands of visitors wishing to witness the power of nature, with their own eyes.However, Sean Molloy, manager at Achill Tourism, cautions against going into the cold waters just yet, saying, “Because of the sand coming in, we don't know how safe the beach is now because currents (水流) could be changed and it'll take a little bit of time.” He instead recommends visitors enjoy the soft sand and leave the swimming to the dolphins that frequent the area.‎ Interestingly, this is not the first time Dooagh‎ ‎Beach has pulled a disappearing and reappearing act.It disappeared in the 1890s, for over 30 years, before returning in 1927.However, the locals are optimistic that this time around, the beautiful sand is here to stay.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了爱尔兰Achill岛消失的海滩时隔三十多年再次出现的事件。‎ ‎1．What has brought Achill‎ ‎Island worldwide attention recently?‎ A．An unusual storm.‎ B．The decrease in the number of residents.‎ C．The return of its beach.‎ D．The building of a new tourist destination.‎ ‎2．What happened to Dooagh in the past three decades?‎ A．Tourism went down gradually.‎ B．Restaurants developed slowly.‎ C．Storms attacked frequently.‎ D．Rock pools disappeared completely.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The area's tourism industry slowly declined, and the handful of beachside hotels, pubs, and restaurants gradually closed as well”可知，随着海滩的消失，在过去三十多年里Dooagh地区的旅游业逐渐衰落。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “barren” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Noisy.　　　　　　　　 B．Soft.‎ C．Bare. D．Golden.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“tenday tide blanketed the barren 300meter long rock beach with hundreds of tons of soft golden sand”可知，由于潮水的力量，‎300米长的岩石海滩被松软的金沙覆盖了。画线词修饰岩石海滩，结合文章内容可知，海滩消失之后，三十多年来岩石海滩表面什么都没有，所以画线词与bare同义，意为“空的，荒芜的”。‎ ‎4．What should tourists avoid according to Sean Molloy?‎ A．Spoiling the shores.‎ B．Getting into the rock pools.‎ C．Playing with dolphins.‎ D．Swimming near the beach.‎ Q Hail (冰雹) is solid precipitate (沉淀物) that forms within thunderstorms.Hailstones are sometimes found containing sand, leaves, nuts and insects.There are even reports of hail containing small turtles, baby crocodiles and ‎ frogs! All of them have been sucked into the storm by tornadoes and subsequently enveloped in ice through repeated updraft currents (上升气流)．‎ Hailstones generally begin forming as seeds of small frozen raindrops or soft ice particles known as graupel (雪丸)．If graupel falls through the cloud and gets into an updraft part of a thunderstorm, it mixes with water drops and ice particles that will freeze around it as it rises, like layers of an onion.These icestones are carried into the tops of the cloud, gaining mass as they rise.Somewhere up there, they become too heavy for the updraft to carry and so fall towards the ground.As they fall, the outside layer melts to a clear layer.‎ Larger hail can fall at a speed of over ‎100 mph, thus causing damage and injuries to almost anything.Pea to pennysized hail can cause light damage to trees and vegetation and possibly cause minor injuries to people and animals.Tennis ball to baseballsized hail is obviously damaging.It can cause severe damage to crops and produce lifethreatening injuries to people and animals.‎ Deaths caused by hail are rare in the US with the last known fatality occurring in March ‎2000 in Lake Worth, Texas.A young man died from head injuries after being stuck by a softballsized hailstone.Deaths and injuries are more common in other parts of the world where people live in poorly constructed buildings with little protection.‎ If caught in a hailstorm while driving, attempt to stop immediately or pull into a nearby safe place; otherwise, the effect of the hail will be maximized.Try to drive and park the vehicle in the direction of the hail so that it is hitting the front of the vehicle.Windscreens are generally strengthened and can withstand larger impacts than side and back windows.This will lessen any damage from flying glass to both people and equipment in the vehicle.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲什么是冰雹，冰雹是怎样形成的，它有多大的危害，如果在驾驶途中遇到了冰雹该怎么办。‎ ‎1．What makes some hail contain something unusual? ‎ A．Air currents.‎ B．Strong storms.‎ C．Thunderstorms and tornadoes.‎ D．Tornadoes and updraft currents.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知冰雹里含有小海龟、小鳄鱼以及青蛙是因为龙卷风将它们卷入空中，再加上上升的气流使它们被冰包住。‎ ‎2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?‎ A．How hail comes into being.‎ B．What graupel is made up of.‎ C．What different layers of hail look like.‎ D．How graupel mixes with water and ice.‎ 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可推知该段主要讲冰雹是如何形成的。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “fatality” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to? ‎ A．Frightening event.‎ B．Unexpected damage.‎ C．Serious injury in a disaster.‎ D．Death resulting from a disaster.‎ ‎4．What's the purpose of the last paragraph?‎ A．To urge people to stay away from hailstorms.‎ B．To warn drivers of the potential dangers during hailstorms.‎ C．To offer guidance to drivers on how to prevent hail damage.‎ D．To advise people to purchase necessary protective equipment.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据该段的内容可知该段的主要目的是为司机提供一些遭遇冰雹时的应急方法。‎ R The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.‎ Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.‎ Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive (认知的) falling.‎ Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默、大笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的好处。‎ ‎4．What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A．Playing an important role.‎ B．Keeping people in high spirits.‎ C．Quickly influencing other people.‎ D．Preventing illness from spreading.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer ‎ to each other and increases their happiness”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会更加快乐。故infectious在此处意为“迅速影响其他人”。 ‎ ‎5．What can laughter increase according to the author?‎ A．Cognitive ability.　　 B．Good relationships.‎ C．A sense of humor. D．Happiness and trust.‎ ‎6．What does the author think the old should do?‎ A．They should have a good rest.‎ B．They should play like children.‎ C．They should prevent cognitive falling.‎ D．They should take part in physical play.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与身体活动。‎ ‎7．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Humor, Laughter and Play for Health B．Always Keep Our Body Healthy C．Have an Active and Happy Life D．Let Our Body and Mind Relax 解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据最后一段的内容可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。‎ S If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.‎ Take the taxi drivers for example.Taxis in Finland are mostly highclass Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer.You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and then walk off without paying your fare.The driver would not show the least signs of anxiety.‎ The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve outside diners.Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals.The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration cards to the waiter.With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.‎ The Finnish workers are paid by the hour.They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss at the rate.From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.‎ With so many loopholes (漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty_advantages”．But the strange thing is that all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fares after they have attended to their business and that not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms.And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in.As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”．‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要通过一些例子，介绍了芬兰人的诚实，并且诚实让他们成为真正的“绅士”。‎ ‎1．The underlined words in Paragraph 5 means to “________”．‎ A．be ready to help others B．make good use of one's friends C．be a little ahead of others D．gain something at other's expense ‎2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A．While taking a taxi in Finland, you can get off without first paying your fare.‎ B．In a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if you're living in the hotel.‎ C．The bosses in Finland pay the employees according to the registration of their working hours.‎ D．The workers are always honest with their working hours.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第三句“From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly”可知，老板是根据工人自己所说的工作时长给工人支付工资的，而不是根据登记的时长，所以C项与文意不符，故选C项。‎ ‎3．We can learn from the passage that ________.‎ A．the Finnish society is of very high moral (道德的) level B．there are many loopholes in everyday life in ‎Finland C．in Finland, most taxi drivers will not charge you anything D．everyone in Finland is like a gentleman, for they have faith in themselves ‎4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A．Life in ‎Finland B．A Society with “Foolish” People C．What a Life D．Honest Accounts of the Finns 解析：选B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章先通过人们认为芬兰人很“愚蠢”引出本文话题，接着举例介绍了芬兰人“愚蠢”的情况，最后点明主旨，即芬兰是一个道德水平很高的国家，人们的诚实让他们都成为绅士。据此可以判断，B项最适合作文章标题。‎ T Journey to Mecca: In the Footsteps of Ibn Battuta Ibn Battuta is considered one of the world's greatest travellers.During the 14th century, he travelled about 75,000 miles in search of knowledge and for the love of travel.To share the learning and research so highly valued by Islamic (伊斯兰教的) culture, the ruler of Morocco, Abu Inan Faris, wanted Ibn Battuta's worldwide travels recorded and published when he returned home to Morocco after almost 30 years.Ibn Juzayy, a Moroccan Court Secretary, was appointed to write down Ibn Battuta's experiences.His travel journal, The Rihla, documents this extraordinary achievement.It gives us a firsthand account of life in the 14thcentury Muslim world.The original book, handwritten in Arabic, can be viewed today at the National Library in Paris.‎ The early 14th century was a favorable age for a Muslim traveller.It was nearing the end of the Golden Age of Islam, one of the great explosions of scientific and cultural achievements in world history.Caravans and sea lanes created transportation and communication networks that spread across continents, including Europe, Africa and Asia.Towns and cities were regularly visited by merchants, traders, doctors, artists, craftsmen, scholars and pilgrims (朝圣者) carrying goods and ideas.All of these promoted the exchange of goods and ideas on a scale not seen previously in world history.As an educated man with professional legal skills, Ibn Battuta enjoyed kindness, companionship and offers of employment throughout the Islamic world.‎ Journey to Mecca describes the 5,000mile journey Ibn Battuta made in 1325 and 1326 from his hometown Tangier, Morocco, to reach Mecca, in what is now the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, to make the pilgrimage.During this dangerous and awesome 18month pilgrimage, he met many hindrances as he was attacked by robbers, troubled by thirst, and forced to go back to his route due to war along the Red Sea.Joining the legendary Damascus Caravan with thousands of pilgrims leaving for Mecca, he completed the final section of what would be his first of six journeys to Mecca.‎ The goal of the film, Journey to Mecca, was to tell the remarkable story of Ibn Battuta and to promote a better understanding of Islam in the West, said the producers.‎ 语篇解读：伊本·巴图塔一直在旅行并被认为是世界上最伟大的旅行者。他出版了自传《游记》(The Rihla)，讲述了自己旅程中的所见所闻。电影《麦加之旅》就讲述了伊本·巴图塔为了心中的渴望千里迢迢前往麦加朝圣的故事。‎ ‎1．We can conclude that Abu Inan Faris probably thought Ibn Battuta's travel experiences ________.‎ A．precious　　　　　　 B．questionable C．mysterious D．ridiculous ‎2．What can we learn about Ibn Battuta from the text?‎ A．He wrote the travel journal, The Rihla, by himself.‎ B．He travelled all the way with the legendary Damascus Caravan during his first journey.‎ C．He was a very successful businessman.‎ D．He had to overcome varieties of difficulties while traveling.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“During this dangerous and awesome 18month pilgrimage, he met many hindrances as he was attacked by robbers, troubled by thirst, and forced to go back to his route due to war along the Red Sea.”可以判断出，Ibn Battuta前往麦加朝圣途中克服了很多艰险。‎ ‎3．The underlined word “hindrances” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by “________”．‎ A．tricks B．friends C．barriers D．opportunities 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“as he was attacked by robbers, troubled by thirst, and forced to go back to his route due to war along the Red Sea”可以判断出，Ibn Battuta前往麦加朝圣途中经历了很多艰险，遇到了很多困难障碍。trick“诡计”； friend“朋友”； barrier“障碍”； opportunity“机会”。故选C。‎ ‎4．In which section of a newspaper can we possibly find this passage?‎ A．History. B．Travel.‎ C．Economy. D．Entertainment.‎ U Listening to music is great for both body and mind.It can make you feel younger and help you sleep better.Although we tend to assume that classical music is the most calming, and previous scientific research has linked loud and chaotic (混乱的) music to aggression and minor offences, they have never been supported by science.In fact, quite the opposite: Listening to “extreme” music, such as heavy metal, hardcore and punk, has been found to have a calming effect on those experiencing anger, according to a study published in the journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.‎ Specifically, the study found that extreme music — characterized not only by loud and chaotic sounds, but also by lyrical themes of anxiety, depression, and isolation — was quite helpful to some people.It can help those who enjoy listening to it to process negative feelings and come out on the other side to a more positive state of ‎ mind.Researchers, Genevieve Dingle, PhD, and her student, Leah Sharman, looked at 39 adults between the ages of 18 and 34.These adults were identified as fans of extreme music, and then they were subjected to 16 minutes of “anger induction” by having them to describe events that made them feel angry.That was followed by 10 minutes of either silence or extreme music selected from the participants' own playlists (the participants had been randomly assigned to one or the other)．‎ As might be expected, the people reported feeling angry during anger induction and less so during the music and the silence.Those whose anger induction was followed by silence also experienced a decrease in heart rate.But those whose anger induction was followed by music reported feeling an increase in positive emotions.In fact, participants reported that they had selected music to “enhance their happiness, immerse (使沉浸于) themselves in feelings of love and enhance their wellbeing，” Sharman told the UQ News.All of the responses indicated that extreme music listeners appear to use their choice of music for positive selfregulatory purposes.Not convinced? Perhaps you should take a 30second musical breather to calm your nerves.‎ 语篇解读：人们通常认为古典音乐能够使人平静，喧闹的重金属音乐会使人有攻击性行为。然而，研究发现，重金属音乐、朋克等极端音乐可以使人更加平静。‎ ‎1．What did the past research hold about extreme music?‎ A．It did great harm to health.‎ B．It led to attacking behaviors.‎ C．It was responsible for certain murder cases.‎ D．It was no more calming than classical music.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“and previous scientific research has linked loud and chaotic (混乱的) music to aggression and minor offences”可知，过去的科学研究把喧闹的音乐与攻击性行为及轻微犯罪联系起来。 ‎ ‎2．What is “anger induction” used for?‎ A．Keeping a peaceful mind.‎ B．Preventing unhappy feelings.‎ C．Producing feelings of anger.‎ D．Inspiring participants' interest.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“by having them to describe events that made them feel angry”可知“愤怒感应”是指引起愤怒的事件，故选C。‎ ‎3．What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?‎ A．Listening to extreme music is worth a try.‎ B．Classical music helps overcome nervousness.‎ C．Taking deep breath in extreme music is healthy.‎ D．Extreme music's effect remains to be confirmed.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Perhaps you should take a 30second musical breather to calm ‎ your nerves.”可知，作者建议读者尝试听30秒的极端音乐来使紧张的神经平静下来。‎ ‎4．What does the passage mainly talk about?‎ A．Extreme music listeners live more happily.‎ B．Angry people benefit most from extreme music.‎ C．Listening to extreme music makes people younger.‎ D．Extreme music contributes to people's mood adjustment.‎ V It was dawn of March 21, 2018.Gary Messina was on his morning run along New York City's East River.Suddenly something caught his eye — a large 60yearold man balancing on the fourfoothigh fence that guarded the path from the water.As Messina got closer to the scene, the man took a step forward and slipped into the dark river below.‎ When Messina reached nearer, the man was struggling in the water, clearly unable to swim.Other joggers also heard the man's cry.David Blauzvern and John Green dropped their phones and keys on land and jumped in.“People had called the police, but it was unclear when they'd get there，” says Green.“We just reacted.” Messina joined them in the river.Just as the jumper was losing strength, Blauzvern took hold of him.The pair were about 30 yards from the seawall when Messina and Green caught up to him.They seized the man, with Blauzvern supporting his back and Messina and Green holding him up from either side.As the men made their way toward the concrete seawall that stretched for blocks in each direction, Blauzvern had an awful realization: there was no way out of the river.‎ By now, a crowd had gathered on land.“A rescue boat is on its way，” someone yelled to them.Swimming forward was getting tougher by the minute.The jumper, who was six foot two and weighed around 260 pounds, was heavy in his rescuers' arms.After ten minutes, they managed to get to the river's edge.“I've never been so out of breath，” says Blauzvern.‎ Fifteen minutes after the men had jumped into the river, the twoman rescue boat appeared.But because it couldn't risk getting too close to the seawall, the men had to swim out to it.“I was completely out of energy at this point，”says Blauzvern.The men in the water pushed the jumper while the men in the boat pulled him up and, finally, to safety.The man they had saved was taken to the hospital for evaluation (评估)．Details on his condition have not been released.As for the rescuers, each of them was at work by 10：‎30 a．m.“I was a bit late，” admits Blauzvern, smiling.“But I had a good excuse.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一场路人勇救落水者的故事。‎ ‎1．The story mainly centers around ________.‎ A．why the old man slipped into the river B．who saved the old man C．how the old man was rescued D．when and where the accident happened 解析：选C　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一位老人落水之后被人救起的过程。‎ ‎2．Who was the third to jump into the water and join in the rescue?‎ A．Gary Messina.　　　 B．David Blauzvern.‎ C．John Green. D．An unknown jogger.‎ ‎3．Of the following statements, which one sounds reasonable based on the passage?‎ A．The rescued man is rather tall and fat.‎ B．Police would never be found on the spot of rescue.‎ C．The process of rescuing the man took up the whole morning.‎ D．The man was actually saved by the twoman rescue boat.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The jumper, who was six foot two and weighed around 260 pounds, was heavy in his rescuers' arms.”并结合常识可知six foot two约为‎1.88米；260 pounds约为‎117 kg，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．The man wanted to commit suicide in the river.‎ B．The men in the river were all good swimmers.‎ C．The man was taken home immediately he was saved.‎ D．Blauzvern felt at ease even if he was late for work that day.‎