天津市宁河区芦台第一中学2020届高三模拟英语试题

天津市宁河区芦台第一中学2020届高三模拟英语试题

芦台一中 2020 届高三模拟测试 英语试题 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分 150 分,‎ 考试时间 120 分钟。‎ 第I卷选择题（共 115 分)‎ 第一部分：听力理解（共两节，满分 20 分）‎ 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）‎ 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What does the woman want to do?‎ A. Rent a car. B. Get a license. C. Change a card.‎ ‎2. Whom does the woman suggest the man speak to?‎ A. Mr. Brown. B. Mr. Smith. C. Mrs. Brown.‎ ‎3. What’s wrong with the woman?‎ A. She locked herself in the apartment.‎ B. She forgot to change her lock.‎ C. She couldn’t find her keys.‎ ‎4. When was James’ plane supposed to arrive?‎ A. At 1:50. B. At 2:10. C. At 2:45.‎ ‎5. What does the woman say about the meeting?‎ A. It will begin as scheduled.‎ B. It is brought forward.‎ C. It has been canceled.‎ 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）‎ 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第 6 至第 8 三个小题。‎ ‎6. What is the weather like now?‎ A. Warm. B. Cool. C. Cold.‎ ‎7. Where does the man expect to go this afternoon?‎ A. The seaside. B. His office. C. A clothes store.‎ ‎8. What does the woman advise the man to do?‎ A. Carry four sets of clothes.‎ B. Drop the idea of leaving.‎ C. Go somewhere warm.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第 9 至第 11 三个小题。‎ ‎9. Where does the conversation take place?‎ A. In the man’s flat. B. In a restaurant. C. At a garage.‎ ‎10. What does the man say about his lateness?‎ A. He had a car problem. B. He lost his cellphone. C. He left home late.‎ ‎11. What do we know about the man?‎ A. He is always late. B. He was lucky. C. He told a lie.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答第 12 至第 15 四个小题。‎ ‎12. What’s the speaker?‎ A. A photographer. B. A tour guide. C. A wild lifer.‎ ‎13. What was the speaker most excited about in Africa?‎ A. Meeting interesting people.‎ B. Seeing wild animals.‎ C. Tasting new foods.‎ ‎14. Which country has the speaker visited?‎ A. Spain. B. Ireland. C. New Zealand.‎ ‎15. What does the speaker think of traveling?‎ A. Tiring and time-wasting.‎ B. Relaxing and cheap.‎ C. Expensive but enjoyable.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分 45 分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）‎ ‎1.—Lucy, I’ll pick you up at 6:00 this afternoon at the school gate.‎ ‎—Sorry, ________. There’s too much noise here. Would you repeat it again?‎ A. It’s totally fascinating B. I didn’t get that C. I’m not sure D. I’m afraid not ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——露西，我今天下午6点在学校门口接你。——对不起，我没听清。这里太吵了。你能再重复一遍吗？A. It’s totally fascinating 这真有趣；B. I didn’t get that 我没有听清楚；C. I’m not sure我不敢肯定；D. I’m afraid not 恐怕不是。由There’s too much noise here. Would you repeat it again? 可知，噪音太大了，露西要求对方再重复一遍所说的话，因此推理出露西没有听清对方刚才说的话，I didn’t get that（我没有听清楚）符合题意。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】情景对话题主要考查英语的日常用语、习惯用语以及各种场合的交际性语言，并从实际出发，考查交际语言的运用能力。做题时仔细阅读上下文，找出上下文之间的联系。此题中下文的There’s too much noise here. Would you repeat it again? 这里噪音太大，请再说一遍，说明她没听清对方说什么，故选B。‎ ‎2.It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.‎ A. when B. where C. that D. which ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句关系词 。句意为：据说他在找一份新的工作，在这份工作里能赚到钱去养家糊口。one 与a new job为同位关系，为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故选B ‎3.—How long will it take you to fly from Qingdao to Shanghai?‎ ‎—________one hour, but I’m not sure.‎ A. Definitely B. Narrowly C. Roughly D. Exactly ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：——坐飞机从青岛到上海要多长时间？——大约一个小时，但我不确定。A. Definitely当然；B. Narrowly 勉强地；C. Roughly大约；D. Exactly确切地。由but I’m not sure可知，说话人也不确定是不是一个小时到达，因此此处用“大约”符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎4.—She got her first science fiction published. It turned out to be________.‎ ‎—When was that?‎ ‎—It was in 2008________ she was still in college.‎ A. a success; when B. success; that C. success; when D. a success; that ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词用法和定语从句关系词。句意：——她出版了第一部科幻小说。结果很成功。——什么时候？——那是2008年她还在上大学的时候。success作为成功的人或事，为可数名词，因此第一个空应填a success，表示“一件成功的事情”；后一个空格处是when引导的定语从句。最后一句话不是强调句型。假如是强调句型，应该是“It was in 2009 when she was still in college that she got her first science fiction published.”故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】对于名词要搞清楚可数不可数名词，要放在具体的语境看它的用法。此题第一个空是作为可数名词“一件成功的事情”，故选择a success。‎ ‎5.Entering the step-classroom (阶梯教室), I found the lecture ________ and the people ________ attentively.‎ A. began, listened B. was begun, was listening C. had begun, listened D. had begun, were listening ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：当我进入阶梯教室的时候，讲座已经开始了，观众正专心的听着。第一个空填过去完成时，表示讲座是在我进入前就开始了；第二个空填过去进行时，表示我进去的时候观众正认真的听着。故选D项。‎ ‎6.________more and more forests in Australia damaged, some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.‎ A. As B. For C. With D. By ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：随着越来越多的澳大利亚森林遭到破坏，一些动植物正面临灭绝的危险。A. As作为；B. For 因为；C. With和；D. By通过。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处考查with的复合结构，即with + n. + 过去分词，其中过去分词是名词的补语。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】with的复合结构通常有6种形式，即with + n. + adj./ adv./ prep短语/ doing/ to do/ done。该结构在句中作状语，adj./ adv./ prep短语/ doing/ to do/ done是宾语补足语。‎ 例如：‎ With a girl leading us, we finally found the village.在一个女孩的带领下，我们最终找到了这个村子。‎ With all the work finished, I can go out.因为所有工作都做完了，我可以出去。‎ With a big family to support, he has to work around the clock.因为有一大家人要养活，他不得不夜以继日地工作。‎ He likes reading with windows open.他喜欢开着窗阅读。‎ With a book in his hand, our math teacher came in.我们数学老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。‎ He is always sleeping with the light on.他老是开着灯睡觉。‎ ‎7.To solve the shortage of electricity,the government has taken some measures, but it will be some time________the situation returns to normal.‎ A. since B. when C. before D. unless ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定句型和从属连词。句意：为了解决缺乏电的情况，政府采取了一些措施，但是也许一段时间以后情况才能恢复正常。A. since自从；B. when当.......时候；C. before在......之前；D. unless除非。“It+be+一段时间+before......”是固定结构，表示一段时间以后某事才发生。before时间状语从句里用一般现在时表示将来时，主句里可以使用将来时或者情态动词。故选C项。‎ ‎8.________, the person insisted that he should be separated from his relatives.‎ A. In order to avoid to be infected B. In order to avoid being infected C. Avoiding being infected D. Avoiding to be infected ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免受到影响，这个人坚持要和他的亲戚分开。固定短语avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”, 与逻辑主语the person为被动关系，故用被动语态avoid being done。根据句意，逗号前面部分应该是目的状语，故用不定式作目的状语。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。判断题中非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是什么关系，如本题中infect和逻辑主语the person为被动关系，又因为固定短语avoid doing sth.，故用被动语态avoid being done。‎ ‎9.Was it in this room _____ he made the decision _____ he would break away from his family?‎ A. that ; which B. where ; which C. that ; that D. where ; that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查强调句式和同位语从句。句意：就是在这个房间里，他做出了与家人分离的决定吗?第一空是强调句式：It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that)......。强调地点状语in this room，填that；名词decision“决定”后面是同位语从句，句意和句子结构完整。所以由that引导。故选C。‎ ‎10.You can’t imagine that a well –behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.‎ A. might B. need C. should D. would ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: 你无法想象一个行为良好的绅士会对一位女士如此粗鲁A. might可能；B. need需要 ；C. should竟然； D. would会。由You can’t imagine that a well –behaved gentleman. 可知，should“竟然”符合句意。故选项C项。‎ ‎11.— Would you like me to arrange a taxi for you when we finish our work?‎ ‎— _________‎ A. That’s very kind of you. B. With pleasure.‎ C. Yes, you would. D. Good idea!‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：——我们结束工作后，要不要我为你安排一辆出租车?——你真是太好了。A. That’s very kind of you. 你真是太好了；B. With pleasure. 我很愿意；C. Yes, you would. 是的，你可以；D. Good idea!好主意，A选项最符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎12.You have donated so much money and so many masks to the people in Wuhan ________them , we thank you for your good deeds .‎ A. In favor of B. In honor of C. On account of D. On behalf of ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：你为武汉人民捐了那么多钱和口罩，我们感谢你的善举。A. In favor of赞成；B. In honor of为了纪念；C. On account of考虑到；D. On behalf of代表，为了。所填空前是“你为武汉人们捐了那么多钱和口罩”，所填空后是“他们”，按照逻辑推理得出，此处用“为了”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎13.I've tried hard to improve my English.But by no means ________with my progress.‎ A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：我一直在努力提高我的英语水平。但决不是老师不满意我的进步。否定短语by no means放于句首表示强调时，句子应进行部分倒装，而且不应再在句中加入否定词not，故选D项。‎ ‎14.What he said was so confusing that I could hardly________his true intention.‎ A. turn out B. leave out C. make out D. pick out ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说的话太令人费解了，我很难弄清他的真实意图。A. turn out 结果；B. leave out漏掉；C. make out弄清楚；D. pick out挑出。由“What he said was so confusing”可知他的话让人很困惑，由此推理出，我弄不清他的意图，此处用“弄清楚”符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎15.After the war broke out , the soldiers in that area were the first group________to the front .‎ A. to send B. to be sent C. being sent D. sending ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：战争爆发后，该地区的士兵是第一批被派往前线的人。由“After the war broke out”可知，战争爆发后，士兵“将会”被派往前线，故应用to do不定式，表示将来，作后置定语。且the soldiers与send构成被动关系，故应用to be done结构。故选B项。‎ 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 31～50 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ NASA scientists have found evidence of flowing water on Mars. This opens up the possibility of___16___ and wonders we can’t begin to imagine. The___17___undoubtedly is an astonishing achievement.‎ We may be excited by the thought of living things on another ___18___, but we seem to have lost ___19___in our own. In the past four decades, the world has___20___50% of its vertebrate( 脊 椎 )wildlife. But across the latter half of this period, there has been a steep___21___ in media coverage (报道)of the subject.‎ Think of what would change if we valued___22___ on the earth as much as we value the possibility water on Mars.___23___ 3% of the water on this planet is fresh and of that, two-thirds is frozen. Yet we lay waste to the ___24___part. Sixty percent of the water used in farming is___25___by careless irrigation. Rivers, lakes and aquifers ( 地 下 蓄 水 层 )are sucked dry, while what remains is often so bad that it___26___the lives of those who drink it. As for salty water, which so___27___us when apparently detected on Mars, however, on Earth, we express our___28___ by destroying it. A new report suggests fish numbers have halved since 1970. Coral reefs are under such___29___ that most could be gone by 2050.‎ A couple of weeks ago, I launched a column focusing on extreme consumption, and___30___ suggestions. They have flooded in. Here are just a few of the ___31___:wigs(假发)for babies, to allow “baby girls with little or no ___32___at all the opportunity to have a beautifully realistic hair style”; The iPotty, which ___33___little children to keep playing while toilet training; a smartphone for dogs to take pictures of themselves....‎ As clever new ways of wasting stuff are continually___34___ we become more and more used to the___35___ consumption of the world’s precious resources. Isn’t it time for us to have second thoughts about our lifestyle?‎ ‎16. A. peace B. trust C. life D. danger ‎17. A. appearance B. discovery C. performance D. operation ‎18. A. planet B. stage C. level D. island ‎19. A. courage B. hope C. pride D. interest ‎20. A. spread B. lost C. ignored D. found ‎21. A. climb B. turn C. increase D. decline ‎22. A. water B. plants C. animals D. air ‎23. A. Often B. Only C. Even D. Last ‎24. A. private B. public C. unclear D. accessible ‎25. A. checked B. chosen C. wasted D. polluted ‎26. A. saves B. threatens C. enriches D. changes ‎27. A. interests B. satisfies C. frightens D. terrifies ‎28. A. complaint B. doubt C. appreciation D. surprise ‎29. A. pressure B. control C. guidance D. attention ‎30. A. made B. considered C. invited D. followed ‎31. A. benefits B. reasons C. features D. products ‎32. A. time B. hair C. help D. knowledge ‎33. A. allows B. promises C. persuades D. advises ‎34. A. criticized B. reported C. replaced D. created ‎35. A. expensive B. limited C. pointless D. stable ‎【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类对于地球上宝贵资源的浪费现象：人类对另一个星球上的生物感到兴奋，但似乎对地球上的生物的关注越来越少；人类不珍惜地球上水资源，造成浪费；人们不断做出新型的充满智慧的发明创造，进行毫无意义的资源浪费。最后作者呼吁人类要珍惜资源，重建对环境友好的生活方式。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：这开启了生命的可能性以及我们无法想象的奇迹的可能性。A. peace和平；B. trust信任；C. life生命；D. danger危险。由上文“NASA scientists have found evidence of flowing water on Mars.”可知在火星上发现了流动的水，这是生命可能存在的迹象，故选C项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：这一发现无疑是一项惊人的成就。A. appearance外观；B. discovery发现；C. performance性能；D. operation操作。由上文“NASA scientists have found evidence of flowing water on Mars.”可知这是美国宇航局科学家的发现。故选B项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我们可能对另一个星球上的生物感到兴奋，但我们似乎对自己星球上的生物失去了兴趣。A. planet星球；B. stage舞台；C. level级别；D. island岛屿。由文章第一句中的“on Mars”可知，是另一个星球。故选A项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我们可能对另一个星球上的生物感到兴奋，但我们似乎对自己星球上的生物失去了兴趣。A. courage勇气；B. hope希望；C. pride骄傲；D. interest兴趣。由上文“We may be excited by”可知我们对于另一个星球的生物很兴奋并感兴趣，句中“but”意为转折，根据语境感情色彩可判断出所填空是“兴趣”。故选D项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：在过去的四十年里，地球失去了50%的脊椎动物。A. spread散开；B. lost丢失；C. ignored忽略；D. found找到。此段第一句主题句提到人们对于另一个星球的生物感兴趣但对于自己的地球却不关注，由此可判断由于人们的忽视，导致地球上生物的丧失。故选B项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：但在这一时期的后半期，媒体对这一主题的报道急剧下降。A. climb爬；B. turn转向；C. increase增加；D. decline下降。此段第一句主题句提到人们对于另一个星球的生物感兴趣但对于自己的地球却不关注，由此可判断媒体对此的报道数量是下降的。故选D项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：想想看，如果我们一样重视地球上的水和火星上的水，会发生什么变化。A. water水；B. plants植物；C. animals动物；D. air空气。由此句的后半句“as much as we value the possibility water on Mars.”可知此句的对比事物是地球上的水和火星上的水，故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：地球上只有3%的水是淡水，其中三分之二是冰冻的。A. Often经常；B. Only仅仅；C. Even甚至；D. Last最后。由“3% of the water on this planet”可知此句的感情色彩是想说明地球上淡水资源只有百分之三，说明数量之少。故选B项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而我们还毁坏可利用的部分水资源。A. private私人的；B. public公众的；C. unclear不清楚的；D. accessible可利用的。联系上下文，由下一句“Sixty percent of the water used in farming is ___10___by careless irrigation”可知讨论的是用于农业灌溉的水被人们浪费，因此此句想表达的是人们对于“可利用的水”的浪费。故选D项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：农业用水的百分之六十被随意的灌溉方式浪费了。A. checked检查；B. chosen选择；C. wasted浪费；D. polluted污染。由上一句中的“lay waste to”可知这两句围绕水资源的浪费进行论述。故选C项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：河流、湖泊和地下蓄水层被吸干，而剩下的往往是如此糟糕，以至于威胁到饮用者的生命。A. saves救；B. threatens威胁；C. enriches使丰富；D. changes改变。由此句中的“what remains is often so bad”可知余下的水是不好的，按照逻辑可推理出不好的水威胁着人们的生命健康。故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：至于咸水，当在火星上被发现时，我们很感兴趣，然而，在地球上，我们通过破坏咸水来表达我们的欣赏之情。A. interests引起兴趣；B. satisfies使满意；C. frightens使惊吓；D. terrifies使害怕。由句中的“when apparently detected on Mars”及上文“We may be excited by the thought of living things on another ___3___, ”可知所填空是问在火星上发现咸水时人们的态度，人们对于火星上发现水是感兴趣的，因此故选A项。‎ ‎28题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：至于咸水，当在火星上被发现时，我们很感兴趣，然而，在地球上，我们通过破坏咸水来表达我们的欣赏之情。A. complaint投诉；B. doubt怀疑；C. appreciation欣赏；D. surprise惊讶。“however”作为转折，同样是表达对咸水的欣赏，但是对于火星上的咸水和地球上的咸水表达方式不同。interests和appreciation为含有相似感情色彩的词，故选C项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：珊瑚礁承受着巨大的压力，到2050年大部分珊瑚礁可能会消失。A. pressure压力；B. control控制；C. guidance引导；D. attention注意。由此句后半句“most could be gone by ‎2050”‎可判断出此空是珊瑚礁承受着巨大的压力。故选A项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：几周前，我推出了一个关于极端消费的专栏，并请别人提些建议。A. made使；B. considered考虑；C. invited邀请；D. followed跟随。由下文“They have flooded in.”可知这些意见纷纷到来，可判断出此句是我邀请别人给我提建议，故选C项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：有以下几款产品。A. benefits利益；B. reasons原因；C. features特征；D. products产品。由下文举出的例子“wigs for babies；The iPotty；a smartphone”可判断出这是人们举出的产品例子。故选D项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：婴儿假发让“头发很少或根本没有头发的女婴有机会拥有一个美丽逼真的发型”。A. time时间；B. hair头发；C. help帮助；D. knowledge知识。由此句后半句“the opportunity to have a beautifully realistic hair style”可判断出此句在讨论hair头发。故选B项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：iPotty让小孩子在如厕训练时继续玩耍。A. allows允许；B. promises许诺；C. persuades劝说；D. advises建议。由上一小题所在句中的“to allow ...”可知这些产品能够允许什么人做什么事情，此句和上句由分号连接，以此类推，所填空前后也是由“允许”来衔接。故选A项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：随着人们不断地创造出新型有智慧的浪费方式，我们越来越习惯于毫无意义地消耗世界上宝贵的资源。A. criticized批评；B. reported报道；C. replaced替代；D. created创造。由上一段中提到的各种被人们创造出来的新型产品，可判断出此空填“创造”符合上下文语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：随着人们不断地创造出新型有智慧的浪费方式，我们越来越习惯于毫无意义地消耗世界上宝贵的资源。A. expensive昂贵的；B. limited有限的；C. pointless无意义的；D. stable稳定的。由下一句“Isn’t it time for us to have second thoughts about our lifestyle?”可判断出作者对于浪费的态度，作者认为人们应该改变如今充满浪费的生活方式。所填空是个修饰浪费的形容词，填“无意义的”符合作者态度。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。如第6小题，问的是针对这一话题的媒体报道的数量是怎么变化的，此段第一句主题句提到人们对于另一个星球的生物感兴趣但对于自己的地球却不关注，由此可判断媒体对此的报道数量是下降的。‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. Let’s meet some of the great women who have left their mark on the country’s highest court.‎ Margaret Brent In the early years of our nation, women were generally prevented from practicing law. However, there were some exceptions. One such exception was Margaret Brent, who settled in Maryland with her sisters in 1638 and became a wealthy landowner. Brent appeared before courts several times to file lawsuits( 诉 讼 ) against people who owed her money.‎ Lucy Terry Prince Lucy was well -known for her skills as a public speaker, and in 1796 she became the first black woman in America to argue before a Supreme Court justice. The case arose from a land dispute, and Lucy argued against two leading lawyers. Chief Justice Samuel Chase , who oversaw the case, said that Prince “made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont.”‎ Ruth Bader Ginsburg Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1933, Ginsburg attended Cornell University and Columbia Law School. Between 1972 and 1978, she argued six cases before the Supreme Court concerning laws that kept women out of certain occupations. She won five of them. In the spring of 1993, Justice Byron White retired from the Supreme Court. President Bill Clinton then picked Ginsburg to be his ‎ replacement.‎ Myra Bradwell In 1872, the Illinois Supreme Court denied Myra Bradwell’s admission to the Illinois Bar despite the fact that she had passed the state bar exam. Bradwell then asked the U.S. Supreme Court to overturn(撤销) the Illinois court’s decision. Unfortunately for Bradwell, the tables weren’t turned. The Supreme Court claimed that there was nothing unconstitutional about denying a woman the chance to practice as a lawyer.‎ ‎36. Which of the following describes Margaret Brent?‎ A. Brave and determined B. Generous and friendly C. Considerate and optimistic D. Traditional and scholarly ‎37. What was Samuel Chase’s attitude to Lucy’s argument?‎ A. Favorable B. Uncaring C. Doubtful D. Grateful ‎38. Who served on the Supreme Court?‎ A. Margaret B. Myra Bradwell C. Lucy Terry Prince D. Ruth Bader Ginsburg ‎39. What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in the text?‎ A. Bradwell failed the state bar exam B. Bradwell’s request was unconstitutional.‎ C. The Illinois Supreme Court broke the law. D. The Supreme Court ruled against Bradwell.‎ ‎40. What does the underlined word “denied” mean?‎ A. Liked. B. Refused C. Introduced D. Worried ‎【答案】36. A 37. A 38. D 39. D 40. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了四个在最高法庭留下名声的伟大女人。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In the early years of our nation, women were generally prevented ‎ from practicing law.”及“Brent appeared before courts several times to file lawsuits against people who owed her money.”可知, Brent在女人不得从事法律工作的时期多次出庭，对欠她钱的人提起诉讼。由此可知Brent勇敢且坚定。故选A项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Samuel Chase说的话“made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont”，由a better argument than可知，提出的理由比他从佛蒙特州的律师那里听到的任何理由都要充分。由此推断出Samuel Chase对于Lucy的辩论是赞同的。故选A项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the spring of 1993, Justice Byron White retired from the Supreme Court. President Bill Clinton then picked Ginsburg to be his replacement.”可知Ginsburg接替拜伦·怀特法官在最高法院的职位。故选D项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据前两句“In 1872, the Illinois Supreme Court denied Myra Bradwell’s admission to the Illinois Bar despite the fact that she had passed the state bar exam. Bradwell then asked the U.S. Supreme Court to overturn the Illinois court’s decision.”（ 1872年，尽管Myra Bradwell通过了州律师考试，但伊利诺伊州最高法院还是拒绝了她进入伊利诺伊州律师协会。Bradwell随后要求美国最高法院推翻伊利诺斯法院的裁决。）及划线单词Unfortunately for Bradwell可知，美国最高法院不支持Myra Bradwell。故选D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据“despite the fact that she had passed the state bar exam”，由“despite”可知此处是对比关系，即尽管Myra Bradwell通过了州律师考试，但是伊利诺伊州最高法院还是拒绝了她进入伊利诺伊州律师协会。因此猜测出“denied”意为拒绝。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】词句猜测题包括词义猜测和句意猜测两类，词义又包括单词和短语意义的猜测。对词义考查主要有对生词词义的推测和对熟词生义的推测或是在特定场合下的理解。‎ 技巧之一：根据对比关系猜测词义 表示对比关系的有标志词有unlike; not; while; on the other hand; in spite of; despite; in contrast等。如第5小题由“despite”可知此处是对比关系，即尽管Myra Bradwell通过了州律师考试，但是伊利诺伊州最高法院还是拒绝了她进入伊利诺伊州律师协会。因此猜测出“denied”意为拒绝。故选B项。‎ B.‎ In 2010，my mother-in-law gave me her rather simple but graceful, antique “secretary desk.” The desk easily fit into the tiny room at the top of the stairs. I felt so secure, and confident when I sat down and began each writing session. Despite the desk’s appeal, its limited storage capacity meant that I often put file folders and books on the small floor space around me. After each writing session, I painstakingly gathered the tools of the trade and placed them on a nearby shelf until the next session.‎ A few years into my writing journey, we moved into a bigger home and I acquired my own office. My husband, Bill offered on more than one occasion to buy me a new desk for my office, but I ignored his offer.‎ One day, we stopped at the local office supply store. Bill found what he thought was the perfect desk for me. “ I want to buy this for you, sweetie. My writer needs a bigger desk.” He hugged me.‎ ‎“Thanks, but I don’t want a bigger desk!” I said.‎ ‎“Why don’t you want a bigger desk?” he said. “You must be afraid of something.”‎ ‎“I’m not afraid of anything,” I said. “ Like I said, I really like my little desk. So don’t ask me again”.‎ He didn’t.‎ A few weeks later, while working in my new office, I looked around at the folders , books and papers lying all over my office floor but couldn’t find what needed to meet a contest deadline. My heart raced. I looked around my office. The room basically swallowed the tiny desk, making it look slightly out of place. Maybe I did need a bigger desk. Was Bill right? Was I afraid of something?‎ Unable to write, I pulled C.JoyBell C.’s book of poetry, All Things Dance Like Dragonflies, from the bookshelf. I flipped through its pages, and her words about faith jumped off the page into my heart. She talked about how she had trained herself to love the feeling of not knowing where she was going, and just trusting that as she opened up her wings and flew off in an unknown direction, things would work out.‎ At that moment, I recognized that a bigger desk symbolized bigger possibilities, stepping out in faith, and leaving my comfort zone.‎ ‎41. What was the limitation of the “secretary desk”?‎ A. It was a bit small in size. B. It was too old to be functional C. It competed with the shelf for room D. It prevented the author focusing on ‎ writing.‎ ‎42. What happened to the author at the local office supply store?‎ A. She talked her husband into buying a desk. B. She had a quarrel with the salesperson.‎ C. She managed to overcome her fear. D. She declined her husband’s offer.‎ ‎43. When did the author want to buy a new desk?‎ A. After she was stuck in a mess B. When she finished writing a book.‎ C. When she moved into a bigger house. D. After she missed an important contest.‎ ‎44. What was the author afraid of before?‎ A. Unemployment B. Uncertainty C. Loss of friendship D. Lack of trust ‎45. What would be the best title of the passage?‎ A. My writing journey. B. On the wings of change.‎ C Why I love writing. D. A quarrel between my husband and I.‎ ‎【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者是一名作家，作者一直用一张小桌子办公。之后作者有了自己的办公室，但是由于作者不想改变，害怕未知的事情，作者拒绝换张大桌子。有一天当作者陷入杂乱的办公环境，读到一本书时，深有感悟。作者明白了，要爱上未知的感觉，怀揣信仰，走出舒适区。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...its limited storage capacity...”可知这张桌子容量有限，体积不大。故选A项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Thanks, but I don’t want a bigger desk!”及第六段“Like I said, I really like my little desk. So don’t ask me again.”可知, 在丈夫提出要给作者买张大桌子的时候我拒绝了。故选D项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“I looked around at the folders, books and papers lying all over my office floor but couldn’t find what needed to meet a contest deadline.”及“The room basically ‎ swallowed the tiny desk, making it look slightly out of place. Maybe I did need a bigger desk.”可知作者环顾办公室地板上的文件夹、书籍和文件，但找不到要找的文件的时候，作者想着或许作者确实需要一张大点的桌子。可知这个时候作者被受限于这个混乱的办公环境。故选A项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I flipped through its pages, and her words about faith jumped off the page into my heart.”可知作者读到一本书里作者的一些话让作者深有感触。“She talked about how she had trained herself to love the feeling of not knowing where she was going, and just trusting that as she opened up her wings and flew off in an unknown direction, things would work out.”可知书的作者训练自己去爱上不确定的感觉。由此可推理出作者之前是因为害怕不确定性所以才拒绝换大桌子。故选B项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“She talked about how she had trained herself to love the feeling of not knowing where she was going, and just trusting that as she opened up her wings and flew off in an unknown direction, things would work out.”可知, 作者明白了要爱上未知的感觉，并且相信当她张开翅膀朝着一个未知的方向飞去时，一切都会好起来的。结合选项可知B项（搭乘改变之翼）为短文最佳标题。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考生判断是非（选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项）或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案（此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换）。‎ 如第1小题，由题干中的limitation可定位到文章第一段“its limited storage capacity”，由此可知这张桌子的局限是体积太小。故选A。‎ C Some humans consider mulberry trees( 桑 树 )little more than oversize weeds. the giraffe Stella loves them. Her long, gray tongue snakes around the leaves and gets them from their branches beautifully.‎ Stella’s mother, Abby, comes over for her share. The Philadelphia Zoo’s two female giraffes consume about a pound of leaves in mere minutes. Fortunately, the zoo has plenty, thanks in part to an unusual source: the local power company.‎ Utility( 公 共 事 业 )companies routinely cut back trees. They want to keep branches from damaging power lines and causing power failures. Usually the branches end up in landfills. But in recent years, a growing number of energy providers have begun donating them to zoos. Hungry zoo animals are happy to eat the green, leafy tree branches known as “browse”‎ Browse partnerships between zoos and power companies are one example of the creative and sometimes unexpected ways zoos work with local organizations to meet animals’ particular-and often huge-dietary needs. Store chains and restaurants sell or donate greens, fruits and vegetables to zoos. Local landowners also provide plant material. But utility companies are in a special position. They need to regularly cut back branches. And they have no use for these branches themselves.‎ PECO Energy Co. Is Pennsylvania’s largest electric and natural gas utility. From August through October, the company delivered three pickup trucks full of browse every week to the Philadelphia Zoo. The weekly browse delivery totaled between 100 and 200 pounds.‎ ‎“Zoos require a lot of browse because it’s such an important part of many animals’ diets. Of the Philadelphia Zoo’s 330 species, 40 eat it. Browse has it all: fiber, protein, vitamins, minerals and a little fat. It’s also lower in sugar and higher in protein and fiber than some other plant material, ”said Toddes, the Zoo’s director. “Chewing on the bark is even good for animals’ teeth.”‎ What’s more, browse provides animals with important exercise, she said. In the wild, giraffes eat the tops of trees. So zoo staff hang browse up high to simulate(模拟)their native environment. This also gives visitors a better idea of the animals’ natural behavior.‎ ‎46. What can be learned about Stella and her mother?‎ A. They are big eaters B. They don’t like oversize weeds C. They have difficulty reaching leaves D. They live in a local power company ‎47. Why do utility companies cut back trees?‎ A. To beautify the tree B. To use them to produce power C. To provide food for zoo animals D. To keep power lines working normally.‎ ‎48. In what way are browse partnerships between zoos and power companies special?‎ A. The donations are for large animals B. The donations come from landfills C. The donations are given routinely D. The donations contain fruits and vegetables.‎ ‎49. What did Toddes say about PECO’s browse?‎ A. It has great nutritional value. B. It doesn’t require strong teeth C. It’s more than what the animals can eat. D. It’s suitable for most of the zoo’s species.‎ ‎50. Why do zoo staff hang browse up high?‎ A. To give visitors a better view.‎ B. To get the giraffes moving a lot.‎ C. To prevent other animals stealing giraffes’ food D. To get the giraffes out of their native environment.‎ ‎【答案】46. A 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要说明了电力公司将维护线路过程中修剪的树枝收集起来并定期捐给动物园。为了防止树枝对线路造成威胁，影响供电，电力公司修剪枝叶。收集起来的树枝定期捐给动物园。动物园需要大量的枝叶，因为它是许多动物饮食的重要组成部分。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段“The Philadelphia Zoo’s two female giraffes consume about a pound of leaves in mere minutes.”可知这两只长颈鹿，Stella和她的妈妈，能在几分钟内吃掉一磅的树叶。由此判断出它们的胃口很大。故选A项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They want to keep branches from damaging power lines and causing power failures.”可知，电力公司修剪枝叶是为了防止它们对线路造成威胁，影响供电。也就是说，修剪的目的是为了保证电力线路运转正常。故选D项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But utility companies are in a special position. They need to regularly cut back branches.”可知，电力公司的特别之处在于能够定期运送枝叶。故选C项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Browse has it all: fiber, protein, vitamins, minerals and a little fat. It’s also lower in sugar and higher in protein and fiber than some other plant material.”可知，嫩枝包含了所有元素:纤维、蛋白质、维生素、矿物质和少量脂肪。它的含糖量也比其他植物低，蛋白质和纤维含量高。所以browse（嫩枝）有很高的营养价值。故选A项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“browse provides animals with important exercise ... their native environment.”可知，动物园的工作人员将嫩枝高高挂起是为了模拟长颈鹿的野外生存环境，让它们抬起头来吃树叶，多运动运动。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等），就可以在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First，Next，Finally等等。‎ 如第3题，由题干中的关键词“browse partnerships”及“special”可定位至第4段，“But utility companies are in a special position. They need to regularly cut back branches.”可知，修剪的目的是为了保证电力线路运转正常。故选D项。‎ D In the mid-1990s, Dr. Marshall Duke, a psychologist at Emory University, was asked to help explore ceremonies in American families. “There was a lot of research at the time into the falling apart of the family,” he said. “But we were more interested in what families could do to oppose those forces.” And they found that the single most important thing you can do for your family may be the simplest of all: develop a strong family narrative(口述故事).‎ Around that time, Dr. Duke’s wife, Sara, a psychologist who works with children with learning disabilities, noticed something about her students. “The ones who know a lot about their families tend to do better when they face challenges,” she said.‎ Her husband was interested, and along with a colleague, Robyn Fivush, set out to learn if Sara’s assumption was valid. They developed a measure called the “Do You Know?” scale(量表)that asked children to answer 20 questions. Examples included: Do you know where you grandparents grew up? Do you know where your mom and dad went to high school? Do you know an illness or something really terrible that happened in your family?‎ Dr. Duke and Dr. Fivush asked those questions of four dozen families in the summer of 2001, and taped several of their dinner table conversations. They then compared children’s results to a series of psychological tests the children had taken, and reached a surprising conclusion. The more children knew about their family’s history, the stronger their sense of control over their lives and the higher their self-respect. Why does knowing where your grandmother went to school help a child become tougher and happier? “The answers have to do with a child’s sense of being part of a larger family,” Dr.‎ ‎ Duke said.‎ So if you want a happier family, retell the story of your family, especially about the positive moments and how you braved the difficult ones. That act alone may increase the probability that your family will thrive ( 兴 旺 )for many generations to come. This is particularly important for children, whose identity tends to get locked in during adolescence.‎ ‎51. What research topic attracted Dr. Duke most in the mid-1990s?‎ A. Why families fell apart? B. How to keep families united?‎ C. Why family ceremonies existed? D. How to preserve family tradition?‎ ‎52. Why did Duke and Fivush develop the “Do You Know?” scale?‎ A. To explore learning disabilities B. To study family challenges C. To test Sara’s assumption D. To research family illness ‎53. What may be linked with kids’ mental health according to Duke?‎ A. The frequency of dinner table conversations. B. The knowledge about their family history.‎ C. The sense of control over their schoolwork. D. The belief in their family’s success.‎ ‎54. What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A. Telling family stories B. Having a thriving stories C. Living in a happy family D. Braving the difficult moments ‎55. What is the purpose of this text?‎ A. To solve a problem B. To give expert advice C. To tell an interesting story D. To present a research result.‎ ‎【答案】51. B 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是说明文。本文介绍了一项研究，该研究表明：孩子对家史了解得越多，越能成长为一个精神健康的人。杜克博士和他的同事一起做出一个量表，包含问孩子的20个问题。他们用量表做了测验，结果显示孩子对家史了解得越多，自控和自尊越强。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There was a lot of research at the time into the falling apart of the family,” he said. But we were more interested in what families could do to oppose ‎ those forces.”可知，当时有很多关于家庭破裂的研究，”他说。“但我们更感兴趣的是这些家庭能做些什么来反对这些力量。所以吸引Duke博士的研究课题是如何让家庭凝聚在一起。故选B项。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her husband was interested, and along with a colleague, Robyn Fivush, set out to learn if Sara’s assumption was valid. They developed a measure called the ‘Do You Know?’ scale...”可知，Duke和Fivush制作“Do You Know?”量表的目的是检验Sara的设想。故选C项。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段“The more children knew about their family’s history, the stronger their sense of control over their lives and the higher their self-respect.”可知，孩子们对家族历史了解得越多，他们对自己生活的掌控感就越强，自尊心也就越强。所以Duke的研究显示，孩子的精神健康与他们对家史的了解程度有关。故选B项。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“So if you want a happier family, retell the story of your family, especially about the positive moments and how you braved the difficult ones.”可知，作者提出建议：若想家庭幸福，家庭兴旺，给孩子们讲讲家庭故事吧。This 在此处指代的是“讲述家庭故事”。故选A项。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“...they found that the single most important thing you can do for your family may be the simplest of all: develop a strong family narrative”及整篇文章的叙述可知，文章讲述了杜克博士和他的同事用量表进行测验的原因，过程，结果及启示，由此可推理出文章的写作意图在于要呈现一项研究结果。选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】词句猜测题包括词义猜测和句意猜测两类，词义又包括单词和短语意义猜测。对词义考查主要有对生词词义的推测和对熟词生义的推测或是在特定场合下的理解。‎ 技巧之一：根据上下语境 猜测任何词义都离不开上下文的语境，所以可借助上下文语境对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。如：第4小题猜测this 在此处指代的是什么，根据上文可知作者提出建议：若想家庭幸福，家庭兴旺，给孩子们讲讲家庭故事吧。this 在此处指代的是“讲述家庭故事”。‎ 第Ⅱ卷（共 35 分）‎ 第四部分：写作（共三节，满分 35‎ 第一节 阅读表达 About 43 years ago, I spotted an advertisement in the paper for the YMCA wildness program. I was 15 and wanted to do something different. My first experience was a boat trip. I still have the images of sunrises and sunsets with all beautiful colors on Lake of the Woods.‎ As a teenager, I didn’t know that I was having the best adventure a teenager could have. Even now I can feel the cold water dripping down my arm as we sat in the boat pulling the paddles awkardly through running water. It was my first experience in a boat and my arms became tired after many hours of paddling.‎ We stopped for lunch in the boat by assembling all the boats together. Our guide handed out chocolate, cheese and dried meat.‎ At night, it was time to camp at our site picked out by our guide. There we learned to start campfires and cook some of our meals. This is where I felt in love with noodles. It was wonderful to share simple meals over the fire and talk with new friends. We cleaned up our mess and put up our tents and slept on the ground. We learned to carry the heavy packs to our next destination. I developed a sense of accomplishment and had arm muscles after that trip.‎ There were no phones , makeup, hair dryers...just us and the bush. We came from different backgrounds with different personalities and we all had to work together as a group.‎ I liked the boat trip so much that I joined the “Survival” trip the next year. I kept a journal from that second trip and often go back to it.‎ ‎56. Where did the author experience his first boat trip in the wild?(No more than 5 words)‎ ‎57. What did the author think of his/her first boat trip?(No more than 10words)‎ ‎58. What does the underlined word “assembling” in paragraph 3 probably mean?(1 word)‎ ‎59. What did the author learn to do from the camp of the first boat trip?(no more than 10 words)‎ ‎60. What do you think of a trip without phones?(no more than 20words)‎ ‎【答案】56. On lake of the Woods ‎ ‎57. It was the best adventure a teenager would have. ‎ ‎58. Gathering ‎ ‎59. To start /starting campfires, cook meals and carry the heavy pack. ‎ ‎60. It’s a great opportunity to completely enjoy a trip without any one disturbing, which should be encouraged.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次参加荒野项目的经历。作者认为自己的第一次乘船行程是青少年所能拥有的最好的冒险。作者在这次经历中学会了很多，包括在露营时，他们学会了生火和做饭。作者非常享受这次经历。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句话“My first experience was a boat trip. I still have the images of sunrises and sunsets with all beautiful colors on Lake of the Woods.”可知我第一次荒野乘船经历是在在森林之湖。故答案为“On lake of the Woods”。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段“As a teenager, I didn’t know that I was having the best adventure a teenager could have.”可知我认为我的第一次乘船行程是青少年所能拥有的最好的冒险。故答案为“It was the best adventure a teenager would have.”。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“all the boats together”，可知此处是把所有的船都聚集在一起，由此可知“assembling”意为聚集。故答案为“Gathering”。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At night, it was time to camp at our site picked out by our guide. There we learned to start campfires and cook some of our meals.We learned to carry the heavy packs to our next destination”可知在第一次乘船经历中露营时，我们学会了生火和做饭。我们学会了把沉重的背包搬到下一个目的地。故答案为“To start /starting campfires, cook meals and carry the heavy pack.”。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。题目问你认为没有手机的旅行怎么样。没有手机的话，我们可以全身心地去享受旅行，不需要担心别人打扰，所以这种旅行方式应该被支持。故答案为“It’s a great opportunity to completely enjoy a trip without any one disturbing, which should be encouraged.”。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等），就可以在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First，Next， Finally等等。如第4小题，问的是在露营时作者学会了什么，根据关键词“camp”可定位到第四段中的“At night, it was time to camp at our site picked out by our guide. There we learned to start campfires and cook some of our meals.We learned to carry the heavy packs to our next destination”，在第一次乘船经历中露营时，我们学会了生火和做饭。我们学会了把沉重的背包搬到下一个目的地。故答案为“To start /starting campfires, cook meals and carry the heavy pack.”。‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分）‎ ‎61.虽然人们不停的说给孩子减负 ，但是大部分学生的学习压力仍然很大， 有些青少年尤其是高三的学生出现了心理问题， 焦虑，不愿意与人交往等。就这种现象，你们班要举行一次班会，作为班长，写一篇发言稿。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 健康的心理很重要。‎ ‎2.. 给同学提些建议：如了解自己， 树立信心；与人相处；热爱生活 注意：1. 字数不少于 100 字 。‎ ‎2. 适当增加细节，使行文连贯。‎ Dear classmates,‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear classmates,‎ Mental health is something that decides whether we can live a happy life or not. However, mental health is easy to be overlooked, which can result in serious mental diseases. Here is some advice on keeping mental health. ‎ First, know your own potential and accept yourself. Instead of having impractical and high expectations and demands for yourself, you should make practical goals for your life. ‎ Second, be sociable and make as many friends as possible. Try to be a person easy to get along ‎ with. When you are discouraged, you can share your trouble with your friends, whose comfort and help can greatly relieve your sufferings and help you out. ‎ Third, love your life and work. Try to display your talent in your work and you can get pleasure and satisfaction from your achievements, which can help you keep a good mood.‎ That is my idea. Thank you for listening.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，针对学生由于压力过大而出现心理问题这一现象提出一些建议。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。‎ 要求：1.健康的心理很重要。‎ ‎2. 给同学提些建议：如了解自己，树立信心；与人相处；热爱生活 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）‎ live a happy life or not; mental health; be easy to do; overlook; result in; disease; some advice on doing; potential; Instead of doing; impractical; expectation; make practical goals for; sociable; as many as possible; get along with; discourage; share...with...; relieve sufferings; display; pleasure; achievement; keep a good mood .‎ 第三步：连词成句 Mental health is something that decides whether we can live a happy life or not.‎ However, mental health is easy to be overlooked, which can result in serious mental diseases.‎ First know your own potential and accept yourself.‎ Instead of having impractical and high expectations and demands for yourself, you should make practical goals for your life.‎ Second, be sociable and make as many friends as possible.‎ When you are discouraged, you can share your trouble with your friends, whose comfort and help can greatly relieve your sufferings and help you out.‎ Try to display your talent in your work and you can get pleasure and satisfaction from your achievements, which can help you keep a good mood.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second…, And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n./doing, On the one hand…, On the other hand… Some…, while others…, as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Mental health is something that decides whether we can live a happy life or not. 这句话运用了that引导的定语从句；When you are discouraged, you can share your trouble with your friends, whose comfort and help can greatly relieve your sufferings and help you out. 这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句，whose引导的定语从句；使用了一些固定词组，如be easy to do、Instead of doing、as many as possible等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎