2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Pygmalion课后达标检测 人教版选修8

2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit4Pygmalion课后达标检测 人教版选修8

Unit 4 Pygmalion ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·重庆七校联考)J. K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day.Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement.‎ She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9yearold daughter Bailey.‎ He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadn’t found a level of financial stability that allowed him to pay bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The family also doesn’t have the Internet or TV, which means there’s no “digital babysitter” and he has to rely on his own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.‎ Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties, but he’s loving reading them now. “We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud，” Burke explains.“This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun.”‎ After hearing Burke’s story, Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was a part of his family’s life and offered Burke more books. Besides, people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了英国著名作家J.K Rowling的作品对一个单亲家庭的影响。‎ ‎1．Why did Burke thank J．K.Rowling according to the text?‎ 9‎ A．She guided him how to write a good story.‎ B．She encouraged him when he was in trouble.‎ C．Her books helped him through times of confusion.‎ D．Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9yearold daughter Bailey.”可知，单身父亲Burke感谢J. K. Rowling是因为她的《哈利·波特》系列丛书加强了他与女儿之间的关系，故选D。‎ ‎2．What is implied in Burke’s words in paragraph 4?‎ A．He has found it interesting to read the series.‎ B．He was too old to understand the series better.‎ C．He has chosen a better way of reading the series.‎ D．He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据对第四段的整体理解，尤其是最后一句中的“which has proven to be a ton of fun”可知，Burke认为朗读这些系列丛书很有趣，故选A。‎ ‎3．Which word can best describe Burke’s experience according to the text?‎ A．Unique.　　　　　　　　　 B．Normal.‎ C．Precious. D．Funny.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.”可知，对Burke来讲，这种经历是非常珍贵的，故选C。‎ ‎4．What is the main idea of this text?‎ A．J.K.Rowling chooses to help improve kids’ health.‎ B．J.K.Rowling gives a magical gift to a single father.‎ C．J.K.Rowling has a deep influence on others’ growth.‎ D．Burke comes to know J．K.Rowling through her series.‎ B　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了著名作家J.K.Rowling的作品所具有的魅力——帮助一位单身父亲加强了与其女儿的关系，故选B。‎ ‎【难句分析】　Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。Since引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the main thing。‎ 译文：自从他收到丛书，这些天他们忙着做的主要的事就是一起读书。‎ B ‎(2020·陕西部分学校摸底)While we may think it feels good ‎ 9‎ to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.‎ Why isn’t complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity. The brain is designed to work efficiently. This means that when we repeat a thought, negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed. Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed. This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.‎ Yet the harmful effects don’t stop there. A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus(海马), which plays a vital role in problemsolving, to become smaller.‎ In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone—cortisol(皮质醇)—a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger. Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity(免疫力)．‎ The ill effects of our complaining aren’t just limited to ourselves: they also involve those around us. We tend to mirror the moods of our friends. For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.‎ The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude. Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine. Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sugar. It also decreases tiredness and depression. Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power, happiness and physical wellbeing.‎ What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others? Have you noticed that when you are grateful, you feel better all round? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.‎ ‎【解题导语】　研究发现，抱怨与消极性密切相关，除了导致脑损伤，抱怨还会释放皮质醇，持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力低下，而感恩却与之相反，会带来很多益处。因此人们在生活中要少点抱怨，多些感恩。‎ ‎5．What do paragraphs 2－3 mainly talk about?‎ A．The diseases caused by complaining.‎ B．The decrease of a vital part of our brain.‎ C．The bad effects of complaining on brain power.‎ D．The reason why certain thought patterns become habits.‎ C　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段第一、二句和第三段中的“Yet the harmful effects 9‎ ‎ don’t stop there.”可知，第二、三段主要讲的是抱怨对人的脑力的不良的影响。‎ ‎6．What can we know about cortisol from the passage?‎ A．Gratitude is an effective cure for cortisol.‎ B．Our body produces cortisol when we feel excited.‎ C．Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.‎ D．Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in...immunity(免疫力)．”可知，频繁地高水平的皮质醇会导致很多健康问题。‎ ‎7．What attitude does the writer take to stubborn complainers?‎ A．Grateful. B．Tolerant.‎ C．Disapproving. D．Skeptical.‎ C　解析：观点态度题。根据第五段的内容尤其是最后一句“For this reason, we should be cautious about...companions.”可知，抱怨者也会对身边的人有不好的影响，因此作者认为身边有顽固的抱怨者时要小心，由此可知，作者对抱怨者持不赞成的态度。‎ ‎8．Where can the passage most probably appear?‎ A．In a newspaper. B．In a medical report.‎ C．On a website. D．In a radio program.‎ C　解析：文章出处题。根据最后一段中的“Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.”可知，本文很可能出现在一个网站上。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·合肥高三调研)Last July, I booked a twoweek adventure volunteering at a Thai elephant sanctuary(禁猎区)．‎ In preparation for my trip, I __1__ weight training. I even visited an elephant keeper in a zoo and he told me the elephants for tourism were the ones to __2__—they could be unpredictable and sometimes dangerous after years of __3__ they suffer at the hands of the tourism industry. Hardly surprising, I thought.‎ I flew to Bangkok and then headed to the __4__. The first day was exciting. I was __5__ to my designated elephant Boonsri by the mahout(驯象人), and my tasks were __6__. I tried to gain the elephant’s __7__， feeding her bananas and riding on her back. The mahout __8__ me, showing me how to use my feet to __9__ her and teaching me the words to make her stop or __10__. Everything went quite well. __11__， I noticed the sharp bullhooks were still used by mahouts.‎ Day two followed the same __12__. But as we walked to the river at dusk, Boonsri wouldn’t move. So the mahout hit her with the bullhook. And Boonsri began to shake 9‎ ‎ her head __13__. On the third stroke(一击) she hit me on the shoulder, knocking me over. Before I could __14__ the danger, her enormous foot was crushing my __15__. It felt like a truck was driving over me and I couldn’t breathe at all.‎ I could only hear the __16__ of the mahout. He helped to pull her foot off me and __17__ my life. As Boonsri lifted her leg, I __18__ free and was dragged to safety. I burst into tears with __19__. What a lucky escape!‎ In the following days, I stayed in hospital, thinking about a question: Why can these mild animals be so __20__？ If we humans treat them more gently and kindly, maybe things will be different.‎ ‎【解题导语】　去年七月，“我”预约了为期两周的冒险——在泰国的一个大象保护区当志愿者。在保护区的第一天，“我”在驯象人的指引下，骑坐大象，与大象近距离接触。第二天黄昏时分要朝河走去时，大象不动，驯象人用象钩打它。大象开始发怒，将“我”掀翻在地并用脚踩“我”。幸得驯象人的帮助，“我”得以逃生。这种温顺的动物发怒，源于人类对它们的残酷对待。如何让它们和人类和谐相处，是我们需要思考的问题。‎ ‎1．A.carried on　　　　　　　 B．took up C．abandoned D．delayed B　解析：根据该句中的“weight training”可知，为了准备这次旅行，“我”开始进行举重训练。B项意为“开始从事”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“继续做”；C项意为“抛弃，放弃”；D项意为“延迟”。‎ ‎2．A.watch B．shoot C．protect D．buy A　解析：根据该句中的“the elephants for tourism were the ones to”，并结合破折号后的内容可知，此处表示要小心(watch) 旅游区的大象，因为它们遭受了多年虐待(abuse)，变得性情无常，有时很危险。‎ ‎3．A.defeat B．loss C．failure D．abuse D　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎4．A.zoo B．hotel C．sanctuary D．hospital C　解析：根据第一段中的“volunteering at a Thai elephant sanctuary(禁猎区)”可知，作者飞往曼谷之后，便 前往大象保护区，故C项正确。‎ ‎5．A.used B．introduced C．attached D．dragged B　解析：根据该句中的“to my designated elephant”可知，“我”‎ 9‎ 由驯象人介绍给指定的大象，B项意为“介绍，推荐”，故B项正确。‎ ‎6．A.designed B．reported C．explained D．accomplished C　解析：根据下文陈述的驯象人教“我”如何用脚控制大象并发出让大象停止、行走的指令并结合该句的“my tasks were”可推知，驯象人向“我”说明了“我”的任务，该处使用了被动语态，C项意为“解释，说明”，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．A.sympathy B．forgiveness C．respect D．trust D　解析：根据该句中的“feeding her bananas”可知，“我”给大象喂食香蕉。据此可推知，“我”试图赢得大象的信任。D项意为“信任”，故D项正确。‎ ‎8．A.accompanied B．greeted C．comforted D．blamed A　解析：根据下文“showing me how to use my feet...to make her stop”可知，此处表示驯象人陪伴着我。A项意为“陪伴”，故A项正确。‎ ‎9．A.touch B．control C．kick D．entertain B　解析：根据该句中的“showing me how to use my feet”可知，驯象人教“我”如何用脚控制大象。B项意为“控制”，故B项正确。‎ ‎10．A.move on B．sing along C．turn up D．give in A　解析：根据该句中的“to make her stop or”可知，空处与stop相对应，表示驯象人教“我”使大象停止或者前进的指令。‎ ‎11．A.Finally B．Naturally C．Unfortunately D．Normally C　解析：根据该句中的“the sharp bullhooks were still used”，并结合下文介绍的由于使用象钩，大象开始富有攻击性可知，不幸的是，“我”发现驯象人仍然在使用象钩。C项意为“不幸地”，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎12．A.challenge B．pattern C．interest D．idea B　解析：根据该句中的“followed the same”可知，第二天也是相同的模式，B项意为“模式”，故B项正确。‎ ‎13．A.happily B．slowly C．gently D．violently D　解析：根据上文可知，驯象人用象钩击打大象。结合该句中的“shake her 9‎ ‎ head”和常识可知，大象开始猛烈地摇头，D项意为“猛烈地”，故D项正确。‎ ‎14．A.recall B．ignore C．realize D．forget C　解析：根据该句中的“the danger”以及下文中的“I couldn’t breathe at all”可知，“我”还没有意识到(realize) 危险，她巨大的脚便向“我”的胸部(chest) 碾压过来(呼吸和胸部联系紧密)。‎ ‎15．A.chest B．head C．leg D．hand A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎16．A.whispers B．applause C．laughs D．yells D　解析：结合该句“I could only hear the ______ of the mahout.”可知，此时“我”处在危险中，只能听到驯象人的叫喊声。D项意为“叫喊”，故D项正确。‎ ‎17．A.changed B．ruined C．saved D．improved C　解析：根据该句“He helped to pull her foot off me and ______ my life.”可知，他帮助把大象的脚拖走，挽救了“我”的生命。C项意为“挽救”，故C项正确。‎ ‎18．A.slipped B．rolled C．dived D．climbed B　解析：根据该句中的“was dragged to safety”可知，当大象抬起腿时，“我”得以滚动，被拉到了安全的地方。B项意为“翻滚，滚动”，故B项正确。‎ ‎19．A.relief B．regret C．pride D．pity A　解析：根据上文可知，“我”脱离了危险。结合该句内容可知，“我”如释重负，痛哭流涕，故A项正确。‎ ‎20．A.sensitive B．disgusting C．fragile D．aggressive D　解析：根据上文表述的大象攻击“我”并结合语境可知，接下来的几天，“我”躺在医院里，思考这样的问题：为什么这些温顺的动物如此好斗？D项意为“好斗的”，故D项正确。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2020·唐山一模)I like seeing English movies. In my spare time, I’d like to find and enjoying hot movies, among that The Lord of the Rings impresses me most. It has three series and I like both of them. Though the first volume was released 9‎ ‎ on 2001, it is still not out of the date. In the movie, the scenery is so beautifully that I can’t move my eyes away. It is shot in New Zealand but I decide to go there some day. It shows me a world science fiction, where there are all kinds of creature. Movies give me pleasure and enlarge my vision.‎ 答案：‎ I like seeing English movies. In my spare time, I’d like to find and hot movies, among The Lord of the Rings impresses me most. It has three series and I like of them. Though the first volume was released 2001, it is still not out of date. In the movie, the scenery is so that I can’t move my eyes away. It shot in New Zealand I decide to go there some day. It shows me a world science fiction, where there are all kinds of . Movies give me pleasure and enlarge my vision.‎ ‎①enjoying改为enjoy。本句谓语动词后的find与enjoy应是并列关系，would like to do sth.为固定用法。故将enjoying改为enjoy。‎ ‎②that改为which。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，hot movies为先行词，指物，引导词前有介词among，应用which引导该从句。故将that改为which。‎ ‎③both改为all。根据上文中提到的three series可知，《指环王》有三部，both指“两者”；all指“三者或三者以上”，所以此处应用all来指代。故将both改为all。‎ ‎④on改为in。年份前通常用介词in。故将on改为in。‎ ‎⑤删除the。out of date意为“过时”，是固定短语。故删除the。‎ ‎⑥beautifully改为beautiful。分析句子结构可知，此处作系动词is的表语，表示主语的状态或特征，应用形容词。故将beautifully改为beautiful。‎ ‎⑦is改为was。该系列电影上映，为过去事件，应用一般过去时。故将is改为was。‎ ‎⑧but改为and。根据句意可知，“该系列电影拍摄于新西兰”和“我决定将来有一天去那里”之间为并列关系，并非转折关系。故将but改为and。‎ ‎⑨在world后加of。a world of science fiction意为“科幻世界”，其中of表示所属关系。故在world后加of。‎ ‎⑩creature改为creatures。creature意为“生物”，为可数名词，且根据前面的all kinds of可以确定此处应用复数形式。故将creature改为creatures。‎ 9‎ 9‎