【英语】2019届人教版高考一轮复习选修8精选学案：Unit5Meetingyourancestors

【英语】2019届人教版高考一轮复习选修8精选学案：Unit5Meetingyourancestors

Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．excavate vt.　　　 　 挖掘；发掘 ‎2．mat n. 席子；垫子 ‎3．quilt n. 被子；棉被 ‎4．beast n. 野兽 ‎5．onion n. 洋葱 ‎6．skateboard n. 滑板 ‎7．yogurt n. 酸乳酪；酸奶　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．melon n．　　　　 　 (各种)瓜 ‎9．wrinkle n. 皱纹 ‎10．spear n. 矛；枪 ‎11．eyebrow n. 眉毛 ‎12．arrowhead n. 箭头 ‎13．hammer n. 铁锤；锤子 ‎14．craftsmanship n. 技艺；手艺；精工细作 ‎15．punctuation n. 标点符号　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎1．identifyvt.　　　 　 确认；识别；鉴别 ‎2．alternativen. 可能的选择 adj. 供选择的；其他的 ‎3．archaeologyn. 考古学(〈美〉archeology)‎ ‎4．archaeologicaladj. 考古学的；与考古学有关的 ‎ (〈美〉archeological)‎ ‎5．archaeologistn. 考古学家(〈美〉archeologist)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎6．starvationn．　　 　 挨饿；饿死 ‎7．tentativeadj. 试探性的；不确定的 ‎8．accuracyn. 精确；准确 ‎9．interruptvt.&vi. 打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 ‎10．acuteadj. 有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的 ‎11．assumevt.　　　 假定；设想 ‎12．regardlessadv. 不管；不顾　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎13．centimetren．　　　 厘米(〈美〉centimeter)‎ ‎14．sharpenvi.&vt. (使)锋利；尖锐；清晰 ‎15．sharpenern. 磨具；削具 ‎16．kindergartenn. 幼儿园 ‎17．ampleadj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的 ‎18．messyadj. 凌乱的；脏的 ‎19．primitiveadj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的 ‎20．seashelln. 海贝壳　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎21．categoryn．　　　　　　 种类；类别；范畴 ‎22．botanyn. 植物学 ‎23．botanicaladj. 植物学的；与植物学有关的 ‎24．analysisn．(pl.analyses) 分析 ‎25．ripenvt.&vi. 使……成熟；成熟　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎26．significancen．　　　　　 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 ‎27．somehowadv. 以……方式；不知怎么地 ‎28．systematicadj. 有系统的；有计划的；有条理的 ‎29．spitvt. 吐出(唾液、食物等)‎ vi. 吐痰 ‎30．deletevt. 删；删除 ‎31．albumn. 相册；集邮册；唱片　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎32．scratchn　　　　　　　 (刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠 vt. 搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏 ‎33．academy_ n. 学院；学会；学术团体；院校 ‎34．receptionist_ n. 接待员；招待员 ‎35．radioactiveadj. 放射性的；有辐射能的 ‎36．radioactivityn. 放射性 ‎37．divisionn. 分割；划分；分配；分界线　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎38．pulsevi.　　　　　　　 强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动 n. 脉搏；节拍 ‎39．applaudvi.&vt. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏 ‎40．howlvt.&vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫 n. 长嚎；嗥叫 ‎41．acceleratevi.&vt. 加速；促进　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎42．arrestvt.　　　　　　　 逮捕；吸引 n. 逮捕；拘留 ‎43．dizzyadj. 头晕目眩的；眩晕的；‎ ‎ 使人发晕或困惑的 ‎44．worshipvt.&vi. 崇拜；敬奉 n. 崇拜；敬神 ‎45．skilfuladj. 有技巧的；熟练的(〈美〉skillful)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十一屏听写]‎ ‎46．regardless_of_　　　　　 不管；不顾 ‎47．at_most 至多；最多 ‎48．cut_up 切碎 ‎49．fed_up_with 受够了；饱受；厌烦 ‎50．look_ahead 向前看；为将来打算 ‎51．date_back_(to_...) 追溯到；始于　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识 记 单 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.mat n．　席子；垫子 ‎2.beast n. 野兽 ‎12.excavate vt.　 挖掘；发掘 ‎13.hammer n. 铁锤；锤子 ‎14.punctuation n. 标点符号 ‎7.seashelln．　　 　海贝壳 ‎8.pulse_ vi. ‎ 词 写 对 ‎3.quilt n. 被子；棉被 ‎4.onion n. 洋葱 ‎5.skateboard n. 滑板 ‎6.yogurt n. 酸奶；酸乳酪 ‎7.melon n. (各种)瓜 ‎8.wrinkle n. 皱纹 ‎9.spear n. 矛；枪 ‎10.eyebrow n. 眉毛 ‎11.arrowhead n. 箭头 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.tentativeadj. 试探性的；不确定的 ‎2.centimetren. 厘米(〈美〉centimeter)‎ ‎3.albumn. 相册；集邮册；唱片 ‎4.kindergartenn. 幼儿园 ‎5.dizzyadj. 眩晕的；头晕目眩的；‎ ‎ 使人发晕或困惑的 ‎6._howlvt.&vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫 n. 长嚎；嗥叫 ‎ 强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动 n. 脉搏；节拍 ‎9.categoryn. 种类；类别；范畴 ‎10.primitiveadj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的 ‎11.worshipvt.&vi. 崇拜；敬奉 n. 崇拜；敬神 ‎12.scratchn. (刮、抓、划的)‎ ‎ 痕迹；搔；挠 vt. 搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏 核 心 单 词 练 通 ‎1.The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative(可能的选择) to communicate with others.‎ ‎2.During the summer vacation, I practiced dancing hard with others regardless (不顾) of the hot weather.‎ ‎3.In addition, WeChat is a wonderful platform for people to share a(n) ample (丰富的) amount of information.‎ ‎4.As we all know, most of us middle school students feel somehow (不知怎么地) nervous whenever we’re taking an important exam.‎ ‎5.What’s worse, they spat/spit (吐痰) and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.‎ ‎6.Delete (删除) the things that you don’t really need, so you can save a lot of resources.‎ ‎7.He was arrested (逮捕) for spreading rumors on the Internet.‎ ‎8.My grandma still has very_acute_(敏锐的) hearing, though she is eighty.‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.identify vt.确认；识别；鉴别→identificationn．辨认；鉴定→identityn．身份；一致；同一性 ‎2.starvation n．挨饿；饿死→starvevi.(使)挨饿；饿死 ‎3.accuracy n．精确；准确 ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.After the identification of victim’s appearance and age, the police identified that the identity of the killer. (identify)‎ ‎2.While calculating the maths problem, you should pay more attention to the accuracy of the numbers, or you can’t figure it out accurately. (accurate)‎ ‎→accurateadj.准确的；精确的→accuratelyadv.准确地；精确地 ‎4.interrupt vt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→interruptionn．打断；打岔；中止 ‎5.assume vt.假定；设想→assumingconj.假设→assumptionn．设想；假定；担任 ‎6.sharpen v．(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰；削尖→sharpadj.锋利的→sharpenern．磨具；削具；铅笔刀 ‎7.messy adj.凌乱的；脏的→messn．凌乱；脏 ‎8.analysis n．分析→analyses (pl.)→analysevt.分析 ‎9.ripen v．使……成熟；成熟→ripeadj.成熟的 ‎10.significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significantadj.重要的 ‎11.systematic adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的→systemn．系统；制度 ‎12.academy n．学院；学会；学术团体；院校→academicadj.学术的；理论的 ‎13.receptionist n．接待员；招待员→receivev．接收→receptionn．接待；接收 ‎ ‎14.division n．划分；分割；分配；分界线→dividev．分开；分割；划分 ‎15.applaud vi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applausen．鼓掌 ‎16.accelerate v．加速；促进→accelerationn．加速度 ‎17.skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的→skilledadj.熟练的；有技能的 ‎3.If you interrupt others’ conversation abruptly, you will be to blame for your interruption. (interrupt)‎ ‎4.Assuming that you are the guide of the foreigners who are to visit our school, how would you prepare for your assumption as the guide? (assume) ‎ ‎5.The boy needs a pencil sharpener to sharpen his pencil, because the sharpener he has isn’t sharp.(sharpen) ‎ ‎6.The kid made a mess in the living room, so his mother asked him to clean the messy out living room quickly. (mess)‎ ‎7.With the teacher’s help, I analysed the data of this experiment. The teacher considered my analysis is reasonable. (analyse)‎ ‎8.The scientists think his invention is of great significance,_because it is significant to cure the patients of deadly disease.(significant)‎ ‎9.The famous professor made an inspiring academic speech in the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. (academy)‎ ‎10.The candies were divided_out among all the kids, but they could not agree upon the division of them.(divide)‎ ‎11.President Xi was received by the Prime Minister of England and was given a warm reception.(receive)‎ ‎12.The audience warmly applauded when the performance came to an end, and the applause lasted for several minutes. (applaud)‎ ‎→skilln．技能；技巧 ‎⇩ ‎1.v.ing形式的介词小结 ‎①assuming　　假设；假定 ‎②considering 鉴于；考虑到 ‎③including 包含；包括 ‎④supposing 假设；假如 ‎⑤providing 假设；如果 ‎⑥concerning 关于 ‎2“快乐；高兴”一起来 ‎①gay　　快乐的；欢快的 ‎②happy 高兴的；快乐的 ‎③joyful 高兴的；快乐的 ‎④cheerful 高兴的；快乐的 ‎⑤pleased 高兴的；欢喜的 ‎⑥delighted 高兴的；欣喜的 ‎3.后缀en构成的动词集锦 ‎①sharp→sharpen　　　‎ 磨快；使敏捷 ‎②ripe→ripen 使……成熟 ‎③short→shorten 变短；缩短 ‎④wide→widen (使)变宽 ‎⑤deep→deepen (使)变深 ‎⑥strong→strengthen 加强 ‎ (二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.at_most　至多；最多 ‎2.be_aware_of 知道；意识到 ‎3.regardless_of 不管；不顾 ‎4.date_back_(to_...) 追溯到；始于 ‎5.keep_out 关在门外；不准入内 Last Sunday, our class visited the history museum in our city ①regardless_of the hot weather. In the museum, we saw an old stone which was said to be a scraper used by our ancestors. The stone scraper ②dates_back_to the Xia Dynasty. When we were told its use, we ③were_aware_of our ancestors’ wisdom.‎ 第二组 ‎1.cut_up　　　　　　　　切碎 ‎2.look_ahead 向前看；为将来打算 ‎3.scare_away 把……吓跑 ‎4.fed_up_with 受够了；饱受；厌烦 ‎5.with/in_relief 轻松地；如释重负地 The announcer also explained that the stone scraper could be used to ①cup_up the meat. Besides, our ancestors had learned to ②scare the beasts away.However, they were ③fed_up_with their life, so they had to ④look_ahead.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.无被动语态的动词短语聚焦 ‎①date from/back to　追溯到　②belong to　属于 ‎③consist of 由……组成 ④come true 变成现实 ‎⑤take place 发生 ⑥break out 爆发 ‎2.“at＋名词或代词”短语荟萃 ‎①at most　　至多；最多　　②at least　　至少 ‎③at present 目前；现在 ④at first 起初 ‎⑤at work 在工作 ⑥at ease ‎ ‎ 自由自在地 ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. ‎ 是的，很对。正如植物学的分析结果已经告诉我们的，这儿四周曾是一个很大浅水湖的一部分。‎ as引导的非限制性定语从句。‎ 正如古训所说，“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。” ‎ ‎“You can’t judge a book by its cover，”as_the_old_‎ saying_goes.‎ ‎2.If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year！‎ 她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！‎ if only ... “要是……就好了”。‎ 今年春节全家能团圆就好了！‎ If_only_the_whole_family_could_be_united_during the Spring Festival this year！‎ ‎3.Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. ‎ 她突然坐了下来，结果被又笑又叫的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。‎ only to do sth.作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况。‎ 他匆匆忙忙地赶往教室，结果被告知考试已经结束了。‎ He hurried to the classroom only_to_be_told that the exam had been over.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 Protecting the old temple There is an old temple in my hometown, ________❶dates back to Tang Dynasty. The temple is ________❷ great significance to the study of the Buddhism of that period. We have no alternative but to protect it regardless of what happens. Anyone who tries to damage it will be punished or ‎1.①处应填的词是which。‎ ‎2.②处应填入的词为of。‎ ‎3.Why we must protect the old temple？(　C　)‎ A.Because it dates back to Tang Dynasty.‎ B.Because it is the oldest in my ‎ even put into prison.‎ ‎ hometown.‎ C.Because it is important to the study of Buddhism.‎ D.Because someone wants to damage it.‎ ‎1．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 ‎ ‎(1)be of significance to ...　 对……有重要意义 attach significance to ... 认为……重要(to为介词)‎ ‎(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的 It is significant that ... 很明显……‎ ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①In my view, practicing handwriting is of great significance (significant) to the students’ growth.‎ ‎②As time goes by, I attach more great significance to doing (do) what I am doing now.‎ ‎③It is significant that nowadays fiber is still considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.‎ ‎2．alternative adj.供选择的；其他的n.可能的选择；选择对象 an alternative to　　 　　　 ……的替代物(to是介词)‎ have the alternative of A or B 要么做A，要么做B；‎ ‎ 在A或B二者中选一个 have no alternative (choice/option) but to do sth. ‎ ‎ 别无选择只好做某事 there is no alternative 别无选择 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In fact, chatting should not be an alternative to getting (get) to know the family.‎ ‎②It was so serious a matter that I had no alternative but to_call (call) the police.‎ 补全句子 ‎③You have_the_alternative_of_speaking_or keeping quiet.‎ 你要么发言，要么保持沉默。‎ ‎3．date back to追溯到……；始于……‎ date from　　　　　　　 追溯到；始于；起源于 out of date 过时的 up to date (with ...) 赶上(……的)潮流；‎ ‎ 与……保持同步；最新的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The old town has a long history dating (date) back to the late seventeenth century. ‎ ‎②Dating (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.‎ ‎③Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up to_date with modern technology.‎ 补全句子 ‎④The news you told me was out_of_date but you thought it was up_to_date.‎ 你告诉我的新闻是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。‎ ‎[名师指津]　date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。‎ ‎4．regardless of不管；不顾 ‎ ‎(1)regardless of＋从句　　　　 强调不认为……重要，‎ ‎ 从而不加以重视或考虑 ‎(2)despite＝in spite of 尽管；不管；虽然(后常 ‎ 接名词，不接从句)‎ ‎(3)with regard to 关于；至于 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.‎ ‎②Dr. Bethune continued working in spite of cutting (cut) his hand during an operation.‎ 补全句子 ‎③With_regard_to my favorite Chinese poet, I’d like to introduce Du Fu to you.‎ 至于我最喜欢的中国诗人，我想向你介绍杜甫。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 Protecting the old temple It is assumed ________❶ the old temple was in connection with the woman emperor Wu Zetian, who contributed a lot to the Buddhism. It was said that she didn’t allow anyone to interrupt her piety and devotion to Buddhism. You see, if only she ________(know)❷ our respect and protection for the temple and Buddhism today！‎ ‎1.①处应填 that。‎ ‎2.②处应填词的正确形式为 knew。‎ ‎3.What was Wu Zetian’s attitude towards Buddhism？(　B　)‎ A.Ignorant.　　　 　B．Devoted.‎ C.Negative. D．Unknown.‎ ‎5．assume vt.假定；设想 ‎ ‎(1)assume ... to be ...　　　 假定/假设……是……‎ It is assumed that ... 一般认为……‎ ‎(2)assumption n. 假定；设想；担任 make an assumption 认为；假定 ‎(3)assuming (that) ... 假设/假定……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①If you make an assumption (assume) that something is true or will happen, you accept that it is true or will happen.‎ ‎②It is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future.‎ 补全句子 ‎③Assuming_that_you_are_chosen_to_be_a_volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games, what will you do?‎ 假设你被选为北京冬奥会的志愿者，你会做什么？‎ ‎6．interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止 ‎ ‎(1)be interrupted by　　　　　 被……打断/阻断 ‎(2)interruption n. 打断；打岔；中止 without interruption 连续地；不断地 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①He was writing a poem when he was_interrupted_(interrupt) by a knock at the door.‎ ‎②She has kept up physical training for several years without_interruption ‎ (interrupt)．‎ ‎7．if only ...“要是……就好了”‎ If_only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!‎ 她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！‎ if only ...常用来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。‎ ‎(1)if only ... had done ... 表示对与过去事实相反的愿望 ‎(2)if only ... did ... 表示对与现在事实相反的愿望 ‎(3)if only ... could/would/might do ... 表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)‎ ‎①If only I_could_go (go) back and reset my goals.‎ 要是我能回去重新制定我的目标就好了。‎ ‎②If only he had_lain (lie) quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.‎ 要是他按医生的指示安静地躺着的话，他现在就不会受那么多的罪了。‎ ‎③If only I had (have) more time to study now.‎ 要是现在我有更多的时间来学习就好了。‎ ‎④In a word, only if you learn English by using it can_you_learn_it_well.‎ 总之，只有通过使用英语的方法学英语，你才能学好它。‎ ‎[名师指津]　only if中的only仅起强调作用，意为“只要”。 另外，“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。‎ ‎[单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He added that probiotics (益生菌) were not an alternative to a healthy diet.‎ ‎2．It is commonly assumed (assume) that the growth of GDP and the development of people’s living conditions are not necessarily cause and effect.‎ ‎3．The more we are aware of the significance (significant) of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.‎ ‎4．It is very annoying to_be_interrupted (interrupt) by advertisement at intervals.‎ ‎5．Nothing in the room is in a mess, so I think they couldn’t have searched it.‎ ‎6．The botanical (botany) analyses have showed us that it used to be a lake.‎ ‎7．The mechanic (机械师), who wishes to do his work well, must first sharpen (sharp) his tools.‎ ‎8．The escaped prisoner got arrested (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.‎ ‎9．Scientists have_identified (identify) more than forty chemicals in tobacco smoke that cause cancer in humans and animals.‎ ‎10．In contrast to our ignorance of saving food, many people especially those in povertystricken areas are suffering from starvation (starve)．‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 date back to， at most， be aware of， with relief， cut up， look ahead， get/be fed up with， regardless of ‎1．He bought his child the toy car_regardless_of_the fact that it was costly.‎ ‎2．Dating_back_to 300 years ago，the stone house is wellpreserved.‎ ‎3．“Cut_up the meat before you put them into the pot，” mother told me.‎ ‎4．The librarian told us that we could borrow at_most_three books at a time.‎ ‎5．Whenever we are in trouble, we must look_ahead and encourage ourselves.‎ ‎6．The life in the country was so boring that I soon was/got_fed_up_with it.‎ ‎7．Having finished all the housework, Mary dropped herself into the sofa, sighing with_relief.‎ ‎8．The good news is that we are_aware_of the importance of fresh water and its shortage we are facing.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．像我们所期望的那样，迈克参加了会议。 (as非限制性定语从句)‎ Mike, as_we_expected,_attended the meeting.‎ ‎2．要是我还能再看见她一次就好了。(if only)‎ If_only_it_were_possible_for_me_to_see_her_once_more.‎ ‎3．这位新闻记者匆忙赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经走了。(only to do)‎ The news reporter hurried to the airport, only_to_be_told_the_film_star_had_left.‎ ‎4．老板建议召开一次会议，这表明他对我们的计划感兴趣。 (suggest)‎ The boss suggested_holding a meeting and it suggested that he_was_interested_in_our_plan.‎ ‎5．凯西在她儿子出生时辞了职，以便能够待在家里照顾家人。(so that ...)‎ Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so_that_she_could_stay_home_and_raise_her_family.‎ Ⅳ.句型转换 ‎1．Some students dislike learning English, though they know it is important.‎ ‎→Some students are_fed_up_with learning English, though they know it is important.‎ ‎2．Despite the rain, the school sports meeting was still going on.‎ ‎→Regardless_of_the_rain,_the school sports meeting was still going on.‎ ‎3．Morning exercise is significant to many old people.‎ ‎→Morning exercise is_of_significance_to many old people. ‎ ‎4．The relation between our two countries can be traced back to last century.‎ ‎→The relation between our two countries can date_back_to last century.‎ ‎5．How I wish I could go back and reset my goals.‎ ‎→If_only_I_could go back and reset my goals.‎ ‎[高考拆组训练]‎ 练(一)　语言运用组块专练——练准度 ‎(限时：25分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 I learned my first lesson at a meeting. As we sat around the table I heard Meg, who was __1__ a recent operation, talking to Judith, the manager of our project. “Thank you so much for __2__ my daughters to their dance lessons last week.” Judith said, “It was nothing.”‎ Knowing how __3__ Judith's schedule was, I found her driving Meg's children to lessons unbelievably __4__. I was about to say more about this when Donna, another colleague, entered the room __5__. She apologized for being late, saying she just hosted a lunch for her friends who were over seventy.“That is so nice of you，” I said, __6__ how busy she was, how she didn't like to cook and clean. “Oh，” she said, waving her hand, “it was nothing.” __7__， I could still tell the __8__ in her voice. She did gain a sense of satisfaction from the entertainment offered to her friends.‎ Seeing their __9__ to help others selflessly, I started thinking about the concept of “nothing”， this peaceful and generous way of living — had it really been nothing or were they simply saying that? It __10__ to me that once I spent a whole afternoon after work helping a friend __11__ a speech. I __12__ her to rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture to make it sound more __13__. After the fifth try, she finally __14__ it. She hugged me with __15__， saying thanks to me. I smiled and said it was nothing.‎ Suddenly, I realized that helping someone was really something to me. I learned that giving from the heart doesn't __16__ mean sacrifice and hard work. The __17__ is finding something we love to do and finding someone who __18__ that something. Our generosity can benefit others __19__ ourselves. Once you have a good __20__ of it, it's nothing. And it's really something.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者如何从“没什么”这句话中悟到人生中重要的真理：予人玫瑰，手有余香。一个善意的举动使人获益良多。‎ ‎1．A.adapting to B．recovering from C．going through D．rejoicing in 解析：选B　结合句中“a recent operation”可知，Meg正处于手术后恢复期。recover from ...意为“从……中恢复”，符合题意。‎ ‎2．A.guiding B．fetching C．driving D．dragging 解析：选C　根据第二段中的“her driving Meg's children to lessons”可知，Judith应是开车送Meg的女儿去上课。故选C。‎ ‎3．A.tight B．common C．strange D．practical 解析：选A　由关键词“schedule”和下文中的“I found her driving Meg's children to lessons unbelievably __4__”可知，此处应表示Judith的日程安排很紧。tight意为“(时间)不宽裕的，(日程安排)紧的”，符合题意。‎ ‎4．A.ridiculous B．energetic C．tiresome D．generous 解析：选D　Judith在自己的日程安排很紧的情况下，还挤出时间帮助他人。此处作者是想说Judith慷慨助人的精神。generous意为“大方的，慷慨给予的”，符合语境。‎ ‎5．A.disappointedly B．angrily C．hurriedly D．unexpectedly 解析：选C　根据下文Donna为自己迟到而道歉可知，空格处应表示“匆忙地”。hurriedly意为“匆忙地，仓促地”，符合题意。‎ ‎6．A.ignoring B．forgetting C．knowing D．predicting 解析：选C　句意：我知道她有多忙，多么不喜欢做饭、打扫，于是说：“你人真好。”know意为“知道，了解”，符合语境。‎ ‎7．A.Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Somehow 解析：选D　此处指不知为什么，作者从Donna的声音里听出了一丝愉悦。故选D。‎ ‎8．A.regret B．sadness C．surprise D．pleasure 解析：选D　结合下句中“gain a sense of satisfaction”可知，此处应指她的声音里带着一丝愉悦。pleasure意为“高兴，快乐，愉快”，符合题意。‎ ‎9．A.willingness B．ambition C．promise D．progress 解析：选A　由关键词“selflessly”可知，此处表示“看到她们都这么乐意去无私地帮助他人”。willingness意为“乐意，愿意”，符合语境。‎ ‎10．A.referred B．occurred C．appeared D．seemed 解析：选B　此处表示“这让作者突然想到自己曾在下班后花了一下午的时间帮助一个朋友”。occur表示“发生，出现”，其常用句型为“It occurs to sb. that ...”意为“某人突然想起”，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A.put up B．prepare for C．give away D．deal with 解析：选B　由下文中的“rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture”和“After the fifth try”可知，此处表示作者帮助朋友准备演讲。prepare for意为“为……做准备”，符合题意。‎ ‎12．A.begged B．invited C．recommended D．sponsored 解析：选C　作者是在帮助朋友准备演讲，那么应该是给朋友提建议。recommend意为“建议，劝告”，符合题意。‎ ‎13．A.sensible B．confusing C．sensitive D．typical 解析：选A　重新安排故事的顺序是为了使故事更合理。sensible意为“合理的，符合实际的”，符合题意。‎ ‎14．A.got B．meant C．caught D．made 解析：选D　此处表示“经过五次尝试，她终于做到了”。make it意为“成功，做到”，符合题意。‎ ‎15．A.gratitude B．worry C．concern D．apology 解析：选A　由关键词“hugged”和空格后的“saying thanks to me”可知，朋友很感激作者。gratitude意为“感激，感谢”，符合语境。‎ ‎16．A.normally B．accidentally C．possibly D．necessarily 解析：选D　此处表示“真心的付出不一定意味着牺牲，也不一定要费多少事儿”。not necessarily意为“未必，不一定”，符合题意。‎ ‎17．A.treat B．trick C．plot D．plan 解析：选B　此处表示“诀窍是找到我们喜欢做的事和……”trick意为“窍门，技巧”，符合题意。‎ ‎18．A.needs B．admires C．loves D．defends 解析：选A　由常识可知，帮助他人的前提是他人有这种需要。need意为“需要”，符合题意。‎ ‎19．A.on account of B．as well as C．except for D．regardless of 解析：选B　此处表示“我们的慷慨相助对他人和我们自己都有好处”。as well as意为“和”，意义上与and相同，符合题意。‎ ‎20．A.order B．glimpse C．command D．impression 解析：选C　本句表示“一旦你熟练掌握了这个诀窍，那就‘没什么’了”。command意为“掌握”，have a good command of意为“熟练掌握”，符合题意。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 A hutong is an ancient city street typical in Beijing.__1__ (surround) the Forbidden City, many were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing __2__ (dynasty)．In order to establish the strongest power, emperors planned the city and arranged the residential areas.__3__ center of the city Beijing was the royal palace — the Forbidden City.‎ At the end of the Qing Dynasty, after __4__ (close) China came under the influence from abroad, many old hutongs lost __5__ (they) former neat arrangement.‎ After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, hutong conditions __6__ (improve)．But in recent years, the houses in many hutongs have been pulled __7__ and replaced by modern buildings.And the hutong today is fading into the shade for __8__ tourists and local people.‎ However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one __9__ (three) of the total area, providing housing for half population, so many hutongs __10__ (survive)．In this respect, we see the old in the new in Beijing as an ancient yet modern city.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京胡同的发展历史、建造作用以及当前的状况等。‎ ‎1．Surrounding　考查非谓语动词。胡同环绕着紫禁城，它们中的许多建造于元、明、清时期。分析该句结构可知，many前面的部分为状语；主语many代指“胡同”，和动词surround之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎2．dynasties　考查名词复数。根据该句中的“Yuan, Ming and Qing”可知，该处指三个朝代，且dynasty为可数名词，故用复数形式。‎ ‎3．The　考查冠词。北京城的中心是皇宫——紫禁城。根据该句中的“of the city Beijing”可知，该处特指“北京城的中心”，故用定冠词The。‎ ‎4．closed　考查形容词。根据句子结构和空后的名词“China”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“闭关自守的”，故用形容词。‎ ‎5．their　考查代词。根据空后的名词短语“former neat arrangement”可知，空处修饰该名词短语，故用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎6．were improved　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。1949年中华人民共和国成立以后，胡同的状况得到了改善。该句主语为“hutong conditions”，和动词improve之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；因为主语“hutong conditions”为复数，且根据该句中的时间状语可知，该句介绍过去发生的事情，故用were improved。‎ ‎7．down　考查介词。但是近年来，许多胡同中的房子被拆毁，取而代之的是现代化的建筑。pull down为固定搭配，意为“拆毁”。‎ ‎8．both　考查连词。both ...and ...为固定搭配，意为“两者都……”。‎ ‎9．third　考查序数词。该处指“在北京市区的胡同中的房子占整个地区的三分之一”，分数的分母用序数词，故用third。‎ ‎10．have survived　考查动词时态。根据该句中的“still occupy”可知，该空表示过去的动作对现在产生的影响，故用现在完成时。‎ 练(二)　第四部分写作增分专练——练规范 ‎(限时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，你想邀请外教John在暑假期间到你的家乡参观游玩。请你给他写一封邮件，内容如下：‎ ‎1．写信的目的；‎ ‎2．告诉他你的打算；‎ ‎3．希望他接受邀请。‎ 注意：1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear John，‎ I am Li Hua, one of your students. I am writing to invite you to my hometown for a visit during the summer vacation.‎ While you are staying here, you will be offered housing for free, and I will show you around some places of interest in my hometown. While tasting some famous local snacks, we will experience the local history and culture as well as customs. I believe you'll surely have a good time. I will be quite honored if you can accept my invitation.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ When tragedy struck his little girl during the Depression (大萧条), this father did the only thing he could.‎ The tragedy happened in the year 1933. I was only 6 years old when I was rushed to the hospital with two crushed feet. My parents were told I might never walk again.‎ The accident happened when I was sitting in front of our house in Lowell, Massachusetts. I was playing in a puddle (水坑) after a rainstorm and suddenly felt a huge weight on my feet. When I looked up, there was a car tire on them. I cried out, but the motor was running and no one could hear me over the engine.‎ The driver ran across the street for a newspaper. When he got back to his car, he drove away — never knowing he had parked on my feet.‎ Just about then, our neighbor's son came home and saw me bending over my feet in pain. He immediately carried me home, and I remember thinking how tall and strong he was.‎ An ambulance came, and I remained in the hospital for 3 weeks while my feet were “repaired”. When I returned home, I could hardly walk.‎ I sat in our bay window and watched the children play on the street and longed to join them ... but I couldn't. I felt so left out despite my parents' company.‎ My parents were told that if I was ever to walk again, I'd need treatment, which in those days meant riding a tricycle (三轮车) to strengthen the muscle and eventually get my feet back into condition for walking.‎ Our family couldn't afford such an extravagance (奢侈品). Times were tough during the Depression, and there were five mouths to feed, besides buying coal and wood for the stove.‎ Dad couldn't afford the bus fare and on cold winter_days he walked 7 miles every day in his only winter_coat to get to work. No, there was no money for a tricycle. I would be a cripple (瘸子) all my life.‎ 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Thenoneday, whilesittingatmyusualplaceinthewindow, Isawmyfatherwalkingupthestreetcarryingatricycleonhisshoulder. 　‎ Paragraph 2：‎ ItwasmanyyearslaterbeforeIlearnedwhereandhowDadhadgotthetricycle. 　‎ 参考范文：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Thenoneday, whilesittingatmyusualplaceinthewindow, Isawmyfatherwalkingupthestreetcarryingatricycleonhisshoulder. Was that true? I couldn't believe my eyes. I opened the window and cried out, “Is that tricycle for me? ” Having put down the tricycle, Dad told me that it belonged to me. “Ride the tricycle every day, and then you will be all right, my girl！” From then on, with my father's company,_I rode it every day to strengthen my muscle. Regardless of pain, I kept on practicing riding. Eventually I got my feet back into condition, and could walk normally! ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ ItwasmanyyearslaterbeforeIlearnedwhereandhowDadhadgotthetricycle. My mother told me what happened on those cold winter_days. In his only winter_coat,_he was wandering around the hospital. He begged the doctor to save my feet. Moved by my father, the doctor asked the hospital to give my father a parttime job to do. With the doctor's help, my father got the job. Working day and night, eventually, he earned enough money to buy the tricycle. ‎