2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（13）（含解析）

2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（13）（含解析）

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（13）‎ 李仕才 A Taylore is a kid who passes by to ride sometimes and help us with chores. Barely 15, she’s never short of advice, and one of her favorite pastimes is teasing me about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.‎ ‎ Last summer four of us rode down the trail behind our woods: my wife Karen, Taylore, Taylore’s friend Kendall and me. I was riding my 13-year-old, Tawny.‎ ‎ We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,　I pushed Tawny into a gallop（飞驰）. The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.‎ ‎ Taylore brushed past my left leg and, seconds later, Kendall went by on my right. I realized Tawny was covering ground faster than I’d ever seen her. She strained every muscle in her body to catch up with the girls. It was like a truck winding over a mountain road without brakes (闸). Part of me felt perfectly in control, while another part screamed that I wasn’t.‎ ‎ In half a mile I knew we’d be crossing the highway, so I prayed that the girls would be fine. I gave up calculating how long it might take before my horse would be tried enough to want to slow down.‎ ‎ I was just about out of answers when I saw the girls slowing in front of me. Their horses were relaxed and comfortable, not even breathing hard. Taylore’s face glowed. She gave me a high five. ＂Wow, you did well, ＂she said. ＂ I knew you’d go fast when you were ready.＂‎ ‎ No one in the group had even broken a sweat, except me. I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. Karen claims I was showing off for the girls that day, and maybe she’s right. But I think I had something to prove. Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart. And, like a horse on a warm summer day, I’m always ready to kick up my heels.‎ ‎1. How did the race between the girls and the author begin?‎ ‎ A. His horse’s gallop made the other horses want to catch up.‎ 11‎ ‎ B. He wanted to show off his riding skills for the girls.‎ ‎ C. They wanted to know whose horse could run fastest.‎ ‎ D. They teased him about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.‎ ‎2. During the race, ___________.‎ ‎ A. the author’s horse outran the girl’s horses the whole time ‎ B. the author was confident that Tawny was in control ‎ C. the girls were so anxious to win that they sweated a lot ‎ D. the author’s good performance took Taylore by surprise ‎3. When the race ended, the author’s heart pounded because ________.‎ ‎ A. he was feeling thrilled and young ‎ B. it was really tough exercise for him ‎ C. he was worried that the girls might be in danger ‎ D. he felt quite embarrassed that he had lost the race ‎4. The phrase ＂ kick up my heels＂ at the end can be replaced by _________.‎ ‎ A. devote myself B. enjoy myself ‎ C. accept my challenge D. take part in running competition ‎【文章大意】文章描述作者和两个女孩骑马比赛，这让作者感到兴奋，也感到虽然自己上了年纪，但是有一颗年轻的心。‎ ‎1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子＂We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,I pushed Tawny into a gallop(飞驰). The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.＂可知，作者的马飞驰起来使得其它马想要赶上。故选A。‎ ‎3. A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的句子＂I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. …Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart.＂可知，比赛结束的时候，作者的心狂跳因为他感觉兴奋而且年轻。故选A。‎ ‎4. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的句子＂like a horse on a warm summer 11‎ ‎ day,＂可知，作者感觉 自己像温暖夏日的马，总是准备好享受一番。故选B。‎ B ‎(2015·洛阳高三统一考试)‎ All over the world mothers and fathers teach their children manners.Other children may have manners that are not like yours.There are all kinds of manners.‎ Many years ago，children who had good manners were seen and not heard.They kept quite quiet if grownups were talking.Today，wellmannered children have more freedom.‎ Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places.‎ Suppose you are a visitor in the land‎ of ‎Mongolia.Some friends ask you to eat with them.What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud “burp (打嗝)” after you finish eating.Burping would show that you like your food.‎ In some countries，if you give a loud burp，you are told to say，“Excuse me，please.”‎ In many places people like to eat together.But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating together. People show good manners by turning their backs to others while they eat.‎ What are manners like in an East African town? People try not to see you.They are being polite.You may see a friend.He may not see you at all.If you are polite，you will sit down beside him.You will wait until he finishes what he is doing.Then he will talk to you.‎ 11‎ Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia.You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent.If you pass in front of the other tents，you will be asked into each one. People will ask you to eat with them.And it is bad manners if you say no.‎ Manners are different all over the world.But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way.People need ways to show that they want to be friends.‎ ‎1．People turn their backs to others while they eat in some places in ________．‎ A．Mongolia B．an East African town C．Polynesia D．Arabia ‎2．In an East African town，people try not to see you.This is because ________．‎ A．they are not your friends B．they don’t want to talk with you C．it is good manners D．they are waiting for you to talk with them ‎3．Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places.Which should be a supporting paragraph to the idea?‎ A．The first one. B．The second one.‎ C．The sixth one. D．The third one.‎ ‎4．The best title of the passage should be“________”．‎ A．Some bad manners B．Different kinds of manners 11‎ C．The importance of manners D．Some good manners ‎【解题导语】　不同时代、不同地域、不同国家有不同的礼仪，在某个地方得体的礼仪未必在另一个地方也适合。‎ ‎1．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen...while they eat.”可知，在波利尼西亚的部分地方，人们吃饭时背对他人被认为是有礼貌的。‎ ‎2．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第七段中的“People try not to see you. They are being polite”可知，C项正确。‎ ‎3．解析：选C。细节理解题。文章第六段提到“有些地方人们喜欢在一起吃饭，然而在波利尼西亚的一些地区被人看到在一起吃饭是不礼貌的”可知，C项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选B。标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文讲述了不同地区的不同礼仪，因此B项正确。‎ C HOLIDAY‎ FUN AT THE POWERHOUSE ‎500 HARRIS STREET ULTIMO ·TELEPHONE (02)9270111‎ Join in the holiday fun at the powerhouse this month linked to our new exhibition, Evolution & Revolution: Chinese dress 1700s to now. DON’T FORGET our other special event, the Club Med Circus School which is part of the Circus（马戏团）！150 years of circus in Australia exhibition experience!‎ ◆ Chinese Folk Dancing: Colorful Chinese dance and musical performances by The Chinese Folk Dancing School of Sydney. Dances include: the Golden and the Chinese drum dance. A feature will be the Qin dynasty Emperor’s count dance. Also included is a show of face painting for Beijing opera performances.‎ Sunday 29 June and Wednesday 2 July in the Turbine Hall, at 11.30 am & 1.30 pm.‎ ◆ Australian Chinese Children’s Arts Theatre: Well-known children’s play experts from Shanghai leas this dynamic youth group. Performance include Chinese fairy tales and plays.‎ Thursday 3 to Sunday 6 July in the Turbine Hall, at 11.30 am & 1.30 pm.‎ 11‎ ◆ Chinese Youth League: A traditional performing arts group featuring performance highlights such as Red scarf and Spring flower dances, and a musician playing Er Hu.‎ Sunday 6 to Tuesday 8 July in the Turbine Hall, 11.30 am to 1.30 pm.‎ ◆ Kids Activity : Make a Paper Horse: Young children make a paper horse cut-out. (The horse is a frequent theme in Chinese painting, including a kind of advancement.) Suitable for ages 8-12 years.‎ Sunday 28 June to Tuesday 8 July in the Turbine Hall, 12.30 pm to 1.00 pm.‎ ◆ Club‎ Med Circus ‎School‎: Learn circus skills, including the trapeze, trampolining and magic. Note only for children over 5. There are 40 places available in each 1 hour session and these must be booked at the front desk, level 4, on the day.‎ Tuesday 1 to Saturday 5 July at 11.30am& 1.00pm Enjoy unlimited free visits and many other benefits by becoming a Family member of the Powerhouse. Our family memberships cover two adults and all children under the age of 16years at the one address.‎ Members receive Powerline, our monthly magazine, discounts in the shops and restaurants, as well as free admission to the Museum. All this for as little as $50,‎00 a year! Call (02)9217 0600 for more details.‎ 1. When can you watch the Chinese drum dance?‎ A. On July 2. B. On July 3. C. On July 6. D. On July 8.‎ 2. To learn the magic tricks, you can go to .‎ A. Kids Activity. B. Chinese Youth League.‎ C. Club Med Circus‎ ‎School. D. Children’s Arts Theatre.‎ 3. what is required if you want to enjoy free visits to the Museum?‎ A. Calling (02)92170600. B. Gaining family membership.‎ C. Coming for the holiday fun. D. Paying powerline $‎50.00 a year.‎ 4. What is the main purpose of the text?‎ A. To attract visitors. B. To present schedules.‎ C. To report the performances. D. To teach kids Chinese arts.‎ 答案详解 文章大意：本文属于广告类阅读，向读者介绍了THE POWERHOUSE中不同的节目的具体信息，最终的目的还是在于吸引游客去参观或者参与。‎ 11‎ ‎1. A。细节题。根据Chinese Folk Dancing部分第二行Dances include: the Golden and the Chinese drum dance.可知包括了Chinese drum dance。而Chinese Folk Dancing的时间是Sunday 29 June and Wednesday 2 July in the Turbine Hall, at 11.30 am & 1.30 pm.故A项正确，在July 2.可以欣赏到Chinese drum dance。‎ ‎2.C 。细节题。根据Club Med Circus School:部分第一句 Learn circus skills, including the trapeze, trampolining and magic.可知在这里可以学习到魔术技巧。故C正确。‎ ‎3.B。细节题。根据文章倒数3,4行Enjoy unlimited free visits and many other benefits by becoming a Family member of the Powerhouse. Our family memberships cover two adults and all children under the age of 16years at the one address.可知成为Powerhouse的成员就可以获得无限次数的免费参观。故B正确。故C正确。‎ ‎4.A。推理题。本文属于广告类阅读，向读者介绍了THE POWERHOUSE中不同的节目的具体信息，最终的目的还是在于吸引游客去参观或者参与，他们才可以挣钱。故A正确。‎ D ‎(2015·唐山一模)‎ The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment.These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.‎ David Tilman，a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota，America，examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health.He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized (工业化)，population increased and earnings rose，more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.‎ The Western diet is high in sugar，fat，oil and meat.By eating these foods，people began to get fatter and sicker.David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for noninfectious diseases like diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease.‎ Unfortunately when people become industrialized，if they adopt this Western diet，they are going to have these health problems，especially in developing countries 11‎ ‎ in Asia.China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20year period.And that is happening all across the world，in Mexico，in Nigeria and so on.‎ And，a diet bad for human beings，is also bad for the environment.As the world’s population grows，more forests and tropical(热带的) areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle.We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.‎ Mr.Tilman calls the link between the diet，the environment and human health，“a trilemma”—a problem offering a difficult choice.He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.‎ ‎1．According to the passage，more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from ________．‎ A．transportation　　 B．developing countries C．agriculture D．developed countries ‎2．David Tilman believes that ________．‎ A．the diet，the environment and human health are closely connected B．the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes C．people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease D．traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet ‎3．We can infer from the passage that ________．‎ 11‎ A．Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases B．overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases C．the examined information comes from developing countries D．industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet ‎4．The main purpose of the passage is to ________．‎ A．call on us to protect the environment B．warn us of the danger of the Western diet C．remind us of the importance of health D．advise us to have a balanced diet ‎【解题导语】　《自然》杂志上一篇新的报告显示，西方饮食对人的健康和环境有不良影响，人们应警惕西方饮食带来的危害。‎ ‎1．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.”可知，未来更多的温室气体排放可能来自于农业，故选择C项。‎ ‎2．解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“Mr.Tilman calls the link between the diet，the environment and human health...a difficult choice.”可知，Tilman先生把日常饮食、环境和人的健康之间的联系称为三难困境。由此可知，它们三个是紧密相关的，故选择A项。‎ ‎3．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“He found that as nations industrialized(工业化)，population increased and earnings rose，more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.”可推知，工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的传播，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选B。写作意图题。综合全文，尤其是根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知，西方饮食有害健康，不利于环境，故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。‎ 11‎ E ‎(2017·云南省第二次检测)‎ Several companies in Europe, the U．S. and Asia have decided to change one of the processes of making chocolate and no longer roast the cacao beans. They insist that growers in Africa and South America leave them outdoors to dry naturally instead. The resulting product is called “raw” chocolate.‎ Producers claim that avoiding exposure to oven temperatures allows the preservation of nutrients such as iron, zinc, copper and vitamin C. It’s also claimed that uncooked cacao contains higher levels of antioxidants(抗氧化物)than roasted cacao used in most chocolate. ‎ ‎“Over the last 10 years, consumers have become more involved in their food and drink, ”says Kris McGowan, who runs the Raw Chocolate Company. “They care a lot more about its healthy qualities and chocolate is no exception.”‎ But Martin Schweizer, professor of biochemistry at HeriotWatt University, urges caution on describing raw chocolate as a super food until more research is carried out. “We have to look at this in more depth. The research is at a fairly early stage.”‎ There are concerns that not heating them to about ‎150℃‎ could mean an increase in bacteria. However, producers insist that, as no animal products are involved, ‎ there is no greater risk than when dealing with vegetables such as carrots or lettuces. ‎ Jennifer Earle, a writer on chocolate, is unconvinced by it on taste grounds. “It’ s the quality of the cacao that makes a difference, not whether the chocolate is‘raw’or not, ”she says.“And if you’re talking about health, I’d rather eat some topquality ordinary chocolate and have a plate of vegetables afterwards. ”‎ ‎1．Chocolate bean growers in Africa ________．‎ A．dry the beans outdoors naturally B．roast the beans at a low temperature C．cook the beans in pots instead of in ovens D．store the beans with uncooked vegetables ‎2．Producers of raw chocolate claim that ________．‎ 11‎ A．it can fight bacteria B．it is very ecofriendly ‎ C．it preserves more nutrients D．it contains less antioxidants ‎3．Jennifer Earle, a writer on chocolate, thinks that ________．‎ A．roasted cacao is cleaner B．raw chocolate is healthier C．raw chocolate tastes better D．cacao quality matters more ‎4．We can infer from the text that________．‎ A．not much research has been done on raw chocolate B．raw chocolate has become the most popular variety C．children face the risks from bacteria when eating raw chocolate D．all consumers have turned to raw chocolate for health concerns ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。许多生产商在制作巧克力时不再对可可豆进行加热烘干，并宣称这样做可以保护可可豆中的营养物质，但是一些研究人员对此有不同的看法。‎ ‎1．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，非洲的可可豆种植者是将可可豆放在户外自然晾干。故选A。‎ ‎2．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，生巧克力的生产商声称不烘焙可可豆所生产出的生巧克力可以保留更多营养物质。故选C。‎ ‎3．D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Jennifer Earle认为可可豆的质量更重要。故选D。‎ ‎4．A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句可知，对生巧克力的研究还处于初级阶段，由此可推断，针对生巧克力的研究还没有做很多。故选A。‎ 11‎