河南省2020届高三6月份考前适应性考试英语试题试题 Word版含解析

河南省2020届高三6月份考前适应性考试英语试题试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 2019~2020 年度河南省高三考前适应性考试 英语试题 本试题卷时量 120 分钟，满分 150 分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话 仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt？ A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15. 答案是 C。 1. Which part of the play does the man like most？ A. The actor. B. The ending. C. The story. 2. Which place are the speakers trying to find？ A. A restaurant. B. A bank. C. A hotel. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about？ A. Their friend Jane. B. A weekend trip. C. A radio program. 4. What will the woman probably do？ A. Catch a train. B. See the man off. C Go shopping. 5. Why does the woman apologize？ A. She makes a late delivery. B. She goes to the wrong place. C. She can’t take the cake back. 第二节听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听 完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What can we learn from the conversation？ A. The airport is closed. B. The plane will take off tonight. - 2 - C. The woman has missed her flight. 7. What does the woman want？ A. A hotel close to the airport. B. A room for herself alone. C. A room with bright light. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What do we know about the woman？ A. She doesn’t like MQ205. B. She can’t afford a camera. C She isn’t familiar with the Internet. 9. What is the man probably going to do next？ A. Order a camera. B. Change the model. C. Reduce the budget. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. How long will the man probably stay in New Zealand？ A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Three weeks. 11. What advice does the woman give to the man？ A. To go to New Zealand after Christmas. B. To book his flight as soon as possible. C. To save more money for his trip. 12. What can we learn about flights to New Zealand at Christmas time？ A. They can be twice more expensive than usual. B. They are often delayed. C. They are on special offer. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. How does Mark feel in the woman’s opinion？ A. Unhappy. B. Frightened. C. Anxious 14. What was Catherine doing when the speakers got home？ A. Chatting with the operator. B. Playing with her friends. C. Reading her books. 15. What’s the relationship between the speakers？ A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Couples. 16. What will the speakers do for Mark？ - 3 - A. Write down their own experiences. B. Create an unexpected situation. C. Keep a record of his reactions. 听第 10 段材料回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What percentage of the world’s tea export goes to Britain？ A. Almost 15%. B. About 30%. C. Over 40%. 18. Why do tea tasters taste tea with milk？ A. Tea with milk is healthy. B. Tea tastes much better with milk. C. Most British people drink tea that way. 19. Who suggest a price for each tea？ A. Tea tasters. B. Tea exporters. C. Tea companies. 20. What is the speaker talking about？ A. The life of tea tasters. B. Afternoon tea in Britain. C. The London Tea Trade Centre. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A It often happens that problems blow into our lives. For some of us it may be a temporary period, but for others, it’s a lifetime change. Here are stories of ordinary people who had to face unpleasant events and managed to overcome them with dignity. Bill Porter Even though Bill Porter had a damaged brain, he wanted to work in sales. He achieved his goal, and later he became one of the best salesmen in America. The movie Door to Door is about him, and it’s recommended to those who think something will hold them back from achieving a desired career. Evgeny Smirnov There’s nothing worse for a dancer than losing the ability to dance. But Evgeny Smirnov, Russian break dance champion, went on dancing, despite the fact that he had - 4 - to learn to dance again. His performance became a great example of the fact that someone can dance incredibly cool even without a leg. Olesya Vladykina Even though she’s only 20, Olesya Vladykina has suffered a lot; an accident in Thailand took not only her left hand, but also her close friend. The moment changed the girl’s life, but she didn’t give up. After the accident, she took part in the Paralympic Games twice, having won first place and having set a world record. Andrea Bocelli Blindness takes away the ability to see the world, but not to feel it. Perhaps this helps Italian Andrea Bocelli, a popular blind classical singer, to share fascinating and inspiring energy with the audience through his songs. 1. Whose story is the movie Door to Door about？ A. A singer’s. B. A dancer’s. C. A sportsman’s. D. A salesman’s 2. What disadvantage does Evgeny Smirnov have？ A. He has one arm. B. He has only one leg. C. He has no ability to see. D. He has a damaged brain. 3. Whose performance will you enjoy if you like classical music？ A. Bill Porter’s. B. Andrea Bocelli’s C. Evgeny Smirnov’s. D. Olesya Vladykina’s 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四位遭遇不幸却不放弃，并成功实现理想的人。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“and later he became one of the best salesmen in America. The movie Door to Door is about him…”可知， Bill Porter 成功地成了最优 秀的销售员之一，电影 Door to Door 就是以他为原型改编的，所以 Door to Door 是一部关 于销售员的电影。故选 D 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“His performance became a great example of the fact - 5 - that someone can dance incredibly cool even without a leg.(他的表现很好地例证了一 个事实，有人甚至失去一条腿也能跳得很酷)”可知，舞者 Evgeny Smirnov 只有一条腿。故 选 B 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Perhaps this helps Italian Andrea Bocelli, a popular blind classical singer, to share fascinating and inspiring energy with the audience through his songs.(或许这帮助了 Andrea Bocelli，一位意大利受欢迎的盲人古 典歌手，通过他的歌和观众分享美妙的且鼓舞人心的能量。)”可知，如果你喜欢古典音乐， 你可能会喜欢 Andrea Bocelli 的表演。故选 B项。 B Many people don’t have a home because of an illness or because they lost their jobs. They have bad health and can’t start working, and because of that, they can’t pay for a doctor, so it’s a never-ending circle. Homeless people don’t have anywhere to go, so they have to sleep on the streets, covering themselves with newspapers and looking through the rubbish cans to find some food or warmer clothes. Seeing these horrible living conditions, the Australian charity Beddown decided to help these people in need. They came up with an amazing idea to make shelters in places that are vacant at night-like parking lots! The organization asked one of the largest car park-opera tors, Secure Parking, and they agreed upon it. “It was great to start with a group of our volunteers to help us and set up some beds. Although as expected we had a few challenges to overcome, it was good to start bringing Bed down to life. Beddown will provide an immediate response for those who can not sleep well to access safe, find shelter-and access to a real bed and a great night’s sleep. We will work with our other partners to provide long-term solutions to providing our guests with accommoda-tion, education and employment opportunities.” The founders of Beddown said in one of their Instagram posts. The charity also provided other services to the guests, like doctors, nurses, dentists, hairdressers. They gave them new clothing, a place to clean themselves and helped provide social services. “After spending the week here, having a good sleep at night, it reminded me of life and I want to begin my life again,” one homeless - 6 - man said. 4. What can we learn about the homeless in Australia？ A. They live a hard life. B. They lost their families. C. They don’t want to work. D. They like to live on the street. 5. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to？ A. Making beds for the homeless. B. Using the parking lot to get money. C. Using the parking lot to help the homeless. D. Inviting the car park operators to organize the activity. 6. What did the founders of Beddown say about setting up beds for the homeless？ A. It is only a part of their help. B. It helps the volunteers greatly. C. It makes the Beddown get more reputation. D. It gives the homeless a chance to return to real life. 7. What can be the best title for the text？ A. The Homeless Get Good Diet Now. B. Beddown Shelters the Homeless in Car Parks. C. Beddown Helps the Homeless Find Jobs in Car Parks. D. Australian Charity Beddown and the Homeless in Australian. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了澳大利亚的无家可归者生活艰苦，一个慈善团体 Beddown 利用晚上空闲的停车场，为流浪者提供休息的地方。且为无家可归的人设立床位只是他们帮 助的一部分，该慈善机构还为客人提供其他服务，如医生、护士、牙医和理发师。他们给他 们新衣服，一个可以自己清洁的地方，并帮助提供社会服务。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 They have bad health and can’t start working, and because of that, they can’t pay for a doctor, so it’s a never-ending circle. Homeless people don’t have anywhere to go, so they have to sleep on the streets, covering themselves with newspapers and looking through the rubbish cans to find some food or warmer clothes.可知他们的健康状况不好，不能工作，正因为如此，他们付不起钱就医，所以这是 一个永无止境的循环。无家可归的人没有地方可去，所以他们不得不睡在街上，用报纸盖住 - 7 - 自己，在垃圾桶里翻找食物或暖和的衣服。由此可知，澳大利亚的无家可归者过着艰苦的生 活。故选 A。 【5 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段中 Seeing these horrible living conditions, the Australian charity Beddown decided to help these people in need. They came up with an amazing idea to make shelters in places that are vacant at night-like parking lots!可知看 到这些可怕的生活条件，澳大利亚慈善机构 Beddown 决定帮助这些需要帮助的人。他们想出 了一个绝妙的主意，可以在晚上空着的地方搭建庇护所，比如停车场！由此可知，这些停车 场的管理人员同意提供晚上空闲的停车场给那些流浪者休息。故 it 指代“利用停车场帮助无 家可归的人”。故选 C。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中 Although as expected we had a few challenges to overcome, it was good to start bringing Bed down to life. We will work with our other partners to provide long-term solutions to providing our guests with accommodation, education and employment opportunities.可知，把床送给需要的人仅仅是一个开始。我们还将与其他 合作伙伴合作，为客人提供住宿、教育和就业机会等长期解决方案。由此可推知，Beddown 的 创始人说为无家可归的人设立床位只是他们帮助的一部分。故选 A。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中 Seeing these horrible living conditions, the Australian charity Beddown decided to help these people in need. They came up with an amazing idea to make shelters in places that are vacant at night-like parking lots!可知看 到这些可怕的生活条件，澳大利亚慈善机构 Beddown 决定帮助这些需要帮助的人。他们想出 了一个绝妙的主意，可以在晚上空着的地方搭建庇护所，比如停车场！结合文章主要说明了 澳大利亚的无家可归者生活艰苦，一个慈善团体 Beddown 利用晚上空闲的停车场，为流浪者 提供休息的地方。且为无家可归的人设立床位只是他们帮助的一部分，该慈善机构还为客人 提供其他服务，如医生、护士、牙医和理发师。他们给他们新衣服，一个可以自己清洁的地 方，并帮助提供社会服务。故 B选项“在停车场为无家可归的人提供床铺”最符合文章标题。 故选 B。 C In space, there is no up or down. Without the gravity that we experience on Earth, - 8 - as-tronauts and everything else on a spaceship float freely. Humans can experience the sense of zero gravity without going into space. How？ A zero-gravity flight. When an airplane flies in a lot of parabolas（抛物线）, a man-made zero-gravity environment is set up. Everything in the plane floats, even passengers. Gravity has an effect on everything from the human body and mind to the behavior of plants and the way machines run. Space travel is expensive and dangerous. But zero-gravity flights let scientists conduct experiments in an environment that mimics （模拟） the conditions of space. On each of its research trip, Zero-G flies about 30 parabolas, each of which creates a period of weightlessness that lasts about 30 seconds. Nikolaus Kuhn of the University of Ba-sel, in Switzerland, flew with Zero-G. He was conducting an experiment about soil and the flow of water on Mars. The Red Planet has about one-third of the gravity that Earth has. This means water flows more slowly on Mars. By making the parabolas less steep, zero-gravity flights can make the feeling of Martian gravity. Flying with Zero-G has been necessary for Kuhn’s research. “It is the only chance, other than going to Mars, to mimic movement of water as it would be on Mars,” he told TFK. For years, NASA used zero-gravity flights to prepare and train astronauts. “I have not been to space,” Peters of Zero-G says, “But I have been told by astronauts that zero-gravity feels exactly the same.” As humans continue to explore the universe beyond Planet Earth, zero-gravity flights will remain an important and fun tool. “It never gets old,” Peters says “I would do it every weekend for the rest of my life if I could.” 8. Why do scientists set up man-made zero-gravity environment？ A. To study the water on the earth. B. To offer weightlessness as a business. C. To take scientists to any other planets. D. To mimic the condition of space for experiments. 9. How much time of weightlessness can a Zero-G light offer？ A. About 30 seconds. B. About 90 seconds. C. About 15 minutes. D. About 30 minutes. - 9 - 10. What feature do the parabolas in Zero-G flights have？ A. The gentler parabolas are, the more satisfied the researchers are. B. The steeper parabolas are, the less weight the passengers feel. C. The steeper parabolas are, the more successful the experiments are. D. The gentler parabolas are, the more quickly water on Mars flows. 11. What can be inferred about the Zero-G flight from the text？ A. It is useless for training astronauts. B. It has no side effect on human body. C. It creates a substitutable environment of zero gravity in space. D. It is cheaper but more dangerous than space travel. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是失重飞行以及失重飞行的原理及作用。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子“But zero-gravity flights let scientists conduct experiments in an environment that mimics（模拟） the conditions of space.”可知， 失重飞行能够模拟太空零重力的环境，便于科学家组织实验。由此可知，科学家要建立人造 的零重力环境是为了模拟空间条件进行实验。故选 D 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子“On each of its research trip, Zero-G flies about 30 parabolas, each of which creates a period of weightlessness that lasts about 30 seconds.”可知，每次研究之旅中，失重飞行约 30 条抛物线，每条抛物线创造了约 30 秒的 失重时间。也就是说约 30 条抛物线共创造了约 900 秒的失重时间，合计约 15 分钟。故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子“The Red Planet has about one-third of the gravity that Earth has.”可知，火星上的重力约为地球的三分之一。再根据第三段句子“By making the parabolas less steep, zero-gravity flights can make the feeling of Martian gravity.”可知，通过使抛物线不那么陡峭，失重飞行就能让人感受到火星的重力。即抛物 - 10 - 线越陡，乘客感受到的重量就越轻。故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子“A zero-gravity flight. When an airplane flies in a lot of parabolas（抛物线）, a man-made zero-gravity environment is set up. ”可知， 失重飞行能够创造一个环境，这个环境可以替代太空中的失重环境。故选 C 项。 【点睛】细节理解题的解题方法：1. 划出题干关键词；2. 寻找文章中对应关键句；3. 分析 选项，选出答案。例如本篇文章中的第二小题，题干关键词为“weightlessness”，浏览文 章，锁定文章第三段句子“On each of its research trip, Zero-G flies about 30 parabolas, each of which creates a period of weightlessness that lasts about 30 seconds.”， 根据句意可知，约 30 条抛物线共创造了约 900 秒的失重时间，合计约 15 分钟。故选 C 项。 D There’s something satisfying about volunteering. Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected, thus warding off loneliness and depression. But a growing body of evidence suggests that people who give their time to others might also be rewarded with better physical health, including lower blood pressure and a longer lifespan. Evidence of volunteerism’s physical effects can be found in a recent study from Carnegie Mellon University, published this month in Psychology and Aging. Adults over age 50 who volunteered on a regular basis were less likely to develop high blood pressure than non-volunteers. High blood pressure is an important indicator of health because it contributes to heart disease, stroke, and premature death. It’s impossible for this study to prove that volunteering was directly responsible for the lower blood pressure. People who volunteer may be more likely to do other things, like eating a healthy diet or exercise, which lower blood pressure. But the results are in line with other findings on the topic. How might volunteering contribute to lower blood pressure？Performing volunteer work could increase physical activity among people who aren’t otherwise very active, says leading study author Rodlescia Sneed, a doctoral candidate in social and health psychology at Carnegie Mellon University. It may also reduce stress. “Many people find volunteer work helpful with respect to stress reduction, and we know that stress - 11 - is very strongly linked to health out-comes,” she says. A 2012 study in the journal Health Psychology found that participants who volunteered with some regularity lived longer, but only if their intentions were truly altruistic. In other words, they had to be volunteering to help others-not to make themselves feel better. The Greek philosopher Aristotle once guessed that the essence of life is “To serve others and do good.” If recent research is any indication, serving others might also be the essence of good health. 12. Which can replace the underlined phrase “warding off” in paragraph 1？ A. getting rid of. B. keeping up with. C. running out of. D. putting up with. 13. Why does the author mention the study from Carnegie Mellon University？ A. To prove the benefit of volunteering to health. B. To find out volunteerism’s physical effects on heart. C. To explain the connection between exercise and health. D. To warn readers the danger of volunteering to blood pressure. 14. What can we learn from what Rodlescia Sneed said？ A. Volunteers are supposed to be more outgoing. B. Volunteer work can make people lack sports. C. Taking appropriate exercise can strengthen social connection. D. Performing volunteer work contributes to reducing stress. 15. What’s the text mainly about？ A. Volunteering can lower blood pressure. B. Volunteering is beneficial to mental health. C. Volunteering may be good for body and mind. D. Volunteering can avoid suffering from heart disease. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，志愿活动可以帮助奉献时间的人感觉与社会关系更紧密，从 - 12 - 而避免孤独和抑郁。但是，越来越多的证据表明，把时间花在他人身上的人可能也会得到更 好的身体健康，包括降低血压和延长寿命。文章介绍了志愿者活动对人的身心都有好处这一 现象，并分析了其背后的原因。 【12 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文 Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected, thus 可知，志愿者活动帮助那些贡献时间的人感受到 更多的社会联系，从而帮助他们摆脱孤独和抑郁。由此可知，划线短语意思为“摆脱”。A. getting rid of 摆脱；B. keeping up with.赶上；C. running out of 耗尽；D. putting up with 忍受。故选 A。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 Evidence of volunteerism’s physical effects can be found in a recent study from Carnegie Mellon University, published this month in Psychology and Aging. Adults over age 50 who volunteered on a regular basis were less likely to develop high blood pressure than non-volunteers.可知卡耐基梅隆大学本月发表在《心 理学与衰老》上的一项研究表明，志愿服务对身体的影响。50 岁以上的成年人，定期参加志 愿活动的人患高血压的几率比不参加志愿活动的人要低。由此可推知，作者提到卡耐基梅隆 大学的研究，是为了证明志愿服务对健康的好处。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Many people find volunteer work helpful with respect to stress reduction, and we know that stress is very strongly linked to health out-comes,” she says.可知 Rodlescia Sneed 说:“许多人发现志愿工作有助于减轻压力， 我们知道压力与健康息息相关的”可推断，我们能从 Rodlescia Sneed 的话中了解到，从事 志愿工作有助于减轻压力。故选 D。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中 Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected, thus warding off loneliness and depression. But a growing body of evidence suggests that people who give their time to others might also be rewarded with better physical health, including lower blood pressure and a longer lifespan.可知研究表明，志愿活动可以帮助奉献时间的人感觉与社会关系更 紧密，从而避免孤独和抑郁。但是，越来越多的证据表明，把时间花在他人身上的人可能也 - 13 - 会得到更好的身体健康，包括降低血压和延长寿命。结合文章还介绍了志愿者活动对人的身 心都有好处这一现象，并分析了其背后的原因。由此可知，这篇文章的主要内容是志愿活动 可能对身心都有好处。故选 C。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Types to Live Below Your Full Potential Human potential is unlimited, but unfortunately, many do not use their true potential.___16___Here are some types to live below your true potential. Let yourself be affected by minor issues. Sometimes we may be affected by small issues.___17___One way to check if something is worth thinking over is to ask yourself this question: “Will this matter in one year’s time？” If not, then it’s probably not worth your energy to think about these things, Focus on things that do matter in the long run instead. Blame others for your difficulty. Is there anything you’re blaming others for in your life？___18___For example, if you blame your parents for your obesity, you’ll continue to remain obese because in your mind they are the reason why you’re obese. You’ll never have the power to change the situation un-til you take responsibility for it. Try to do everything by yourself. Are you someone who likes to do everything yourself？So do I, but over the years I’ve re-alized that this prevents me from achieving more.___19___Start by removing the less important tasks and doing the more important ones, and you’ll notice a big difference. ___20___ Many people set small goals because they’re afraid to fail. Actually what they’re really afraid of is to realize what they’ve always had the power to achieve. So set your highest goals today. You should try to achieve them because they are what you deserve. A. Set small goals. B. Believe that you can make it. - 14 - C. You give others power over that part of your life. D. While these emotions are normal, often these issues aren’t important in the long run. E. Trying to do everything means you’re not able to do the higher level, important things. F. Still worse, they waste it by carrying out tasks that are a poor use of their time and energy. G. In fact, when you blame someone for what you’re going through, you refuse responsibility. 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. G 19. E 20. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活中四种常见的埋没潜能的生活方式。 【16 题详解】 根据第一段第一句“Human potential is unlimited, but unfortunately, many do not use their true potential.(人类的潜能是无限的，但不幸的是，许多人无法发挥所有的潜能。) ” 与 F 项“Still worse, they waste it by carrying out tasks that are a poor use of their time and energy.(更加糟糕的是，他们把发挥的潜能放在一些浪费时间和精力的工作上。)” 上下文衔接，符合语境。故选 F。 【17 题详解】 根据第二段第一句“Sometimes we may be affected by small issues.(有些时候我们也许 会被一些小事所影响。) ”与 D 项“While these emotions are normal, often these issues aren’t important in the long run.(虽然产生这些情绪是正常的，可是从长远来看，这些 事情通常并不重要。) ”前后形成转折关系，符合语境。故选 D。 【18 题详解】 根据第三段第三句“For example, if you blame your parents for your obesity, you’ll continue to remain obese because in your mind they are the reason why you’re obese.(譬 如，当你责怪你父母导致了你的肥胖，你还会继续这么胖下去，因为你认为他们才是导致你 肥胖的原因。) ”与 G 项“In fact, when you blame someone for what you’re going through, you refuse responsibility.(事实上，当你责怪了别的人或者别的东西，你就在拒绝承担责 任。) ”逻辑一致，符合语境。故选 G。 - 15 - 【19 题详解】 根据第四段最后一句“Start by removing the less important tasks and doing the more important ones, and you’ll notice a big difference.(从移除不重要的任务开始，做更 重要的任务，你会发现很大的不同。) ”与 E项“Trying to do everything means you’re not able to do the higher level, important things.(试图做所有的事情意味着你不能做 更高层次的，重要的事情。) ”语意表达上一致，符合语境。故选 E。 【20 题详解】 根据第五段第一句“Many people set small goals because they’re afraid to fail.(许 多人喜欢设立小的目标，因为他们害怕失败。) ”及下文的描述可知，A 项“Set small goals.(设立小目标。) ”概括准确，符合语境。故选 A。 第三部分 语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 As I was getting in my car today after picking up more school supplies in preparation of my 24th year as a teacher, I saw a homeless man from a distance with a blanket covering him, walking along the sidewalk. Immediately I___21___that he was barefoot and walked___22___. I wanted to___23___him some shoes from a store nearby, but there were no shoe___24___around. I was on a tight___25___having to pick my wife up from the doctor’s office soon for a medical___26___. I was not going to buy___27___and return in such a short time. Then I___28___I had socks in my last bag, the bag I keep in my___29___for those in need. I grabbed the____30____and walked up to him. “Hey, Brother,” I____31____to him. “I am sorry. I don’t have any shoes for you, but could you____32____these socks？” He turned to me and____33____. “That would be great.” He said “God bless you” as I____34____him the socks. I wished him the best and got back into my car. I____35____that the rest of the____36____of the bag might be of use as well; a bottle of water, jerky, sunflower seeds, etc. I____37____alongside the sidewalk. Cars were____38____behind me. I called to the man, “I got these cars behind me. Are you - 16 - good if I just____39____the bag on the sidewalk？” He nodded. “Take care,” I yelled. As he pulled on the last sock, the man____40____to me “I love you！” 21. A. concluded B. noticed C. condemned D. decided 22. A. purposely B. delighted C. elegantly D. cautiously 23. A. buy B. make C. sell D. donate 24. A. factories B. offices C. companies D. shops 25. A. schedule B. experience C. position D. family 26. A. discovery B. argument C. procedure D. achievement 27. A. clothes B. shoes C. hats D. gloves 28. A. complained B. covered C. doubted D. remembered 29. A. car B. garden C. classroom D. house 30. A. glasses B. socks C. trousers D. pants 31. A. apologized B. pointed C. called D. switched 32. A. study B. observe C. learn D. use 33. A. ignored B. smiled C. approved D. disagreed 34. A. promised B. awarded C. handed D. threw 35. A. realized B. advocated C. obtained D. permitted 36. A. containers B. coverings C. contents D. surroundings 37. A. pushed B. jogged C. wandered D. pulled 38. A. lining up B. holding on C. making up D. taking over 39. A. exchange B. leave C. fetch D. expose 40. A. objected B. drove C. yelled D. whispered - 17 - 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮助一位无家可归的人的故事。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻注意到他光着脚，小心地走着。A. concluded 推断出；B. noticed 注意到；C. condemned 谴责；D. decided 决定。作者注意到他赤着脚，小心谨慎地 走着路。故选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻注意到他光着脚，小心地走着。A. purposely 故意地；B. delighted 高兴的；C. elegantly 优美地；D. cautiously 小心地。因为光着脚，所以走路才 小心谨慎。故选 D。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想去附近的一家商店给他买几双鞋。A. buy 买；B. make 制作； C. sell 卖；D. donate 捐献。根据 I was not going to buy.可知作者想在附近商店给他 买鞋。故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是附近没有鞋店。A. factories 工厂；B. offices 办公室；C. companies 公司；D. shops 商店。根据 a store nearby, but 可知，附近没有鞋店。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的时间排得很紧。A. schedule 日程；B. experience 经历；C. position 位置；D. family 家庭。根据 having to pick my wife up from the doctor’s office soon for a med-ical 6 .可知，作者的日程时间安排很紧。故选 A。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不得不去赶快去医生办公室接我做手术治疗的妻子。A. discovery 发现；B. argument 争论；C. procedure 手术；D. achievement 成就。根据 the doctor’s office 可知，作者的妻子在医生那里做医疗手术，而作者要赶去接她。故选 C。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不打算在这么短的时间内买鞋回来。A. clothes 衣服；B. shoes - 18 - 鞋；C. hats 帽子；D. gloves 手套。根据上文 some shoes 可知，作者没法在这么短的时间 内去买鞋。故选 B。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我想起我最后一个包里还有袜子。A. complained 抱怨；B. covered 覆盖；C. doubted 怀疑；D. remembered 想起。作者想起了最后的袋子里还有袜子。 故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个包是我放在车里为需要的人准备的。A. car 汽车；B. garden 花园；C. classroom 教室；D. house 房子。根据上文 As I was getting in my car today 可知，作者把袋子留在了车里以备有人需要。故选 A。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我抓起袜子，朝他走去。A. glasses 眼镜；B. socks 袜子；C. trousers 裤子；D. pants 短裤。根据 I had socks 可知，作者抓起袜子走向那位赤脚的人。故选 B。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“嘿，兄弟，”我叫到。A. apologized 道歉；B. pointed 指出； C. called 喊；D. switched 转换。根据下文 I called to the man 可知，作者招呼那位赤脚 的人。故选 C。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很抱歉。我没有鞋子给你了，但是你能用这双袜子吗?A. study 学习；B. observe 观察；C. learn 学到；D. use 使用。根据“I am sorry. I don’t have any shoes for you 可知，作者问那位赤脚的人是否能用到袜子。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他转身笑了笑。A. ignored 忽略；B. smiled 微笑；C. approved 同意；D. disagreed 不同意。根据““That would be great.”那位赤脚的人笑了。故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把袜子递给他时，他说:“上帝保佑你。”A. promised 答应； B. awarded 授予；C. handed 递给；D. threw 扔。根据 him the socks 可知，当作者递给那 位赤脚的人袜子时，他说“上帝保佑你。” 故选 C。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到袋子里其余的东西也许对他也有用。A. realized 意识到； - 19 - B. advocated 提倡；C. obtained 获得；D. permitted 允许。作者意识到袋子里其余的东西 也许对他也有用。故选 A。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到包里剩下的东西也可能有用。A. containers 容器；B. coverings 覆盖物；C. contents 内容；容纳的东西；D. surroundings 环境。根据 a bottle of water, jerky, sunflower seeds 可知，这里指作者包里所剩下的东西。故选 C。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把车停在人行道旁。A. pushed 推；B. jogged 慢跑；C. wandered 闲逛；D. pulled 拉；移动。根据 alongside the sidewalk 可知，作者把车停在路边。故选 D。 【38 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：汽车在我后面排成一行。A. lining up 排队；B. holding on 抓住；C. making up 组成；D. taking over 接管。根据“behind me”可知，后面排了长长 的车队。故选 A。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把袋子放在人行道上你看行吗?”A. exchange 交换；B. leave 离开；C. fetch 去取；D. expose 揭露。根据 on the sidewalk 可知，作者把袋子留在人行 道上。故选 B。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他穿上最后一只袜子时，他对我喊道:“我爱你!”A. objected 反对；B. drove 开车；C. yelled 大喊；D. whispered 低语。根据上文 I yelled 可知，那 位赤脚的人对作者喊道：我爱你！”。故选 C。 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I do something called homeschooling. It’s like going to a regular school, but you get___41___（study） what you want to study, and you do your studying at home. But some basic subjects like math, history, and English___42___（require）. My home school friend’s mom and dad are writers. They love everything___43___ （relate）to reading and writing. Once, I wanted to please my friend’s dad on his birthday by___44___（give）him a book which I thought he would love. - 20 - I wanted to bring it to a learning session at their home but I forgot it. When my father came to pick me up from class, he brought the book along with him！How thoughtful my dad___45___（be）！I got all excited and left the book at my friend’s dad’s work table. What___46___lucky chance that my friend’s dad wasn’t in his office at the time！ After that, my friend who I study with came to my house along with me and we played together. When my friend’s___47___（parent）came to pick her up, her dad said “I don’t know who left a book, but I’d like to offer my thanks”. As my heart was filled___48___joy, my friend’s mom and I winked at each other because she knew about my plan. After that___49___（wonder）experience, I think that doing something____50____makes other people happy, makes me happy, too！ 【答案】41. to study 42. are required 43. related 44. giving 45. was 46. a 47. parents 48. with 49. wonderful 50. that 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者给朋友爸爸送生日礼物的过程，最后朋友爸爸表示感谢， 这让作者感到非常开心的事情。 【41 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词 get 后需接动词不定式 to study 作宾语。故 填 to study。 【42 题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，动词 require 在句中作谓语，根据前文的时态是 一般现在时，所以谓语动词需用一般现在时 require，动词 require 和主语 some basic subjects 之间是被动关系，需用被动结构 be required，主语 some basic subjects 是复数， be 动词需体现复数，结合谓语动词需用一般现在时时态，为 are required。故填 are required。 【43 题详解】 - 21 - 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词 relate 在句中作定语，和代词 everything 之间 是被动关系，需用过去分词 related。故填 related。 【44 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，介词 by 后需接动名词 giving。故填 giving。 【45 题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，“How thoughtful my dad___5___（be）！” 是感叹句，be 动词在感叹句作谓语，由前一句“. When my father came to pick me up from class, he brought the book along with him！”的谓语动词 came 和 brought 使用的是一 般过去时，故 be 动词需用一般过去时 was/were，感叹句中主语是 my dad，属于第三人称单 数，be 动词需用 was 体现单数形式。故填 was。 【46 题详解】 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，“What___6___lucky chance that my friend’s dad wasn’t in his office at the time！”是感叹句，名词 chance 表示机会的意思，是可数名词，需 要用冠词 a 修饰,因为 lucky 首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填 a。 【47 题详解】 考查名词复数。由后文的“her dad said “I don’t know who left a book, but I’d like to offer my thanks”. As my heart was filled___8___joy, my friend’s mom and I winked at each other because she knew about my plan.”可知，她的爸爸说，“我不知道谁留下 的书，但是我想要表示我的感谢。”当我的心充满欢快的时候，我朋友的妈妈和我相互眨眼 睛，因为她知道我的计划。由此可见，parent 表示的是父母，需用复数形式。故填 parents。 【48 题详解】 考查介词。分析句子可知，空格处需填入介词，be filled with 表示的是“充满……的”意 思，是固定搭配。故填 with。 【49 题详解】 考查形容词。分析句子可知，名词 experience 前需用形容词修饰，wonder 是动词，需转换为 形容词 wonderful。故填 wonderful。 【50 题详解】 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，句子“makes other people happy”在句中作定语，修 饰代词 something，先行词 something 在从句中作主语，需用关系代词 that。故填 that。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分 35 分) - 22 - 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分) 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 I was born as poor boy and grew up in the street without the care, guidance and supervision of your beloved parents. I have been experienced a hard life, being almost naked(赤裸的) with an empty stomach and exist without secure shelter and proper education. Now, as a young man with some sadly experiences of early life, I have a dream. I want to become a great man who have power and authority, like Abraham Lincoln, Benjamin Franklin, Winston Churchill or so on. Yes, I dream to be like these great man. I want to change and developed my beloved country, when people in need can live a happy and peaceful life. 【答案】1.as 后添加 a 2.your→my 3.去掉 been 4.exist→existing 5.sadly→sad 6.have→has 7.or→and 8.man→men 9.developed→develop 10.when→where 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了作者出身贫寒，在街头长大，过着艰难的生活，却有成为一个 有权力和权威的伟人的梦想。作者想改变和发展自己心爱的国家，让需要帮助的人可以过上 - 23 - 幸福和平的生活。 【详解】1.考查冠词。boy 为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且 poor 为辅音音素开 头的单词故用 a。故 as 后添加 a。 2.考查代词。句意：我出生贫寒，在街头长大，没有我的父母的关心、指导和监督。根据句 意，此处应该是指“我的”的父母应用 my。故 your 改为 my。 3.考查动词语态。此处动词 experience 与主语 I 为主动语态。故去掉 been。 4.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知 exist 在句中应用非谓语动词形式作伴随状语，与逻 辑主语 I 构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式，与 being 一致。故 exist 改为 existing。 5.考查形容词。此处是修饰名词 experiences，应用形容词 sad 作定语。故 sadly 改为 sad。 6.考查主谓一致。在定语从句中动词要与先行词 man 保持一致，man 为单数，时态为一般现在 时，故谓语动词应用 has。故 have 改为 has。 7.考查连词。句意：我想成为一个有权力和权威的伟人，像 Abraham Lincoln，Benjamin Franklin，Winston Churchill 等等。结合句意表示“等等，诸如此类”短语为 and so on。 故 or 改为 and。 8.考查名词的数。man 为可数名词，由 these 修饰可知，此处要用其复数形式。故 man 改为 men。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意：我想改变和发展我心爱的国家，让需要帮助的人过上幸福和平的 生活。结合句意表示“想要做某事”短语为 want to do sth.，此处 develop 与 change 保持 一致。故 developed 改为 develop。 10.考查定语从句。句意同上。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 country，在后面从句中 作地点状语，故用关系副词 where。故 when 改为 where。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 52.假定你是李华，留学生 Andy 对中国诗词很感兴趣，想找一名共同学习者。请写信向他推 荐你的一位同学，内容包括： 1.介绍该同学的基本情况； 2.推荐理由； 3.表达期望 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ - 24 - ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Andy, I’m more than pleased to know that you are quite interested in Chinese poems and want a co-learner. It is my pleasure to introduce to you one of my best friends, Lin Yang, who also loves them. Firstly, he, who is among the most diligent students in our school, not only studies hard, but also behaves well. Secondly, he stands out for his Chinese, especially in poems. Last but not least, he is warm-hearted and willing to help others in need. Therefore, I recommend him to you with all my heart and I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信，向留学生推荐一名共同学习者。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：1.表明目的 2.介绍相关情况 1）介绍该同学的基本情况。（introduction to this student） 2）推荐理由。（reasons for recommendation） 3) 表达期望。（expectation） - 25 - 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） more than; be pleased to; be interested in; diligent; behaves; stand out; especially; be willing to; look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1. I’m more than pleased to know that you are quite interested in Chinese poems and want a co-learner. 2. who is among the most diligent students in our school 3. not only studies hard, but also behaves well. 4. he stands out for his Chinese, especially in poems. 5. he is warm-hearted and willing to help others in need. 6. I am looking forward to your early reply. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：It is my pleasure to introduce to you one of my best friends, Lin Yang, who also loves them.这句话运用了 who 引导的 非限制性定语从句；也使用了一些固定词组，如 be pleased to; stand out; look forward to 等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、 层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 - 26 - - 27 -