2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义：必修5Unit5Firstaid

2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义：必修5Unit5Firstaid

Unit 5 First aid 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1.bleed vi.& vt.　　　　　流血 ‎2.ankle n. 踝(关节)‎ ‎3.choke vi.& vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息 ‎4.cupboard n. 橱柜；衣柜 ‎5.ray n. 光线；射线 ‎6.liquid n. 液体 ‎7.radiation n. 辐射；射线 ‎8.throat n. 咽喉；喉咙 ‎9.stove n. 炉子；火炉 ‎10.tissue n. (生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸 ‎11.essential adj. 最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的 ‎12.scissors n．(pl.) 剪刀 ‎13.basin n. 盆；盆地 ‎14.bandage n. 绷带 ‎15.wrist n. 手腕 ‎16.sleeve n. 袖子 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1.aid n．& vt.　　　　　帮助；援助；资助 ‎2.barrier n. 屏障；障碍(物)‎ ‎3.organ n. 器官 ‎4.vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎5.pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；注；涌 ‎6.ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节 ‎7.complex adj. 复杂的 ‎8.ambulance n. 救护车 ‎9.temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的 ‎10.squeeze vt.& vi. 榨；挤；压榨 ‎11.unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的 ‎12.damp adj. 潮湿的 ‎13.firm adj. (动作)稳定有力的；坚定的 ‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1.pressure n．压力； 挤压； 压迫(感)→press v．压；按；逼迫 ‎2.injury n．损伤；伤害→injure vt.受伤→injured adj. 受伤的 ‎3.poison n．毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的 ‎4.variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→vary v．变化→various adj.各种各样的 ‎5.mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地；温和地 ‎6.swell vi.& vt.(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1.He got injured during the football match and the injury was serious.(injure)‎ ‎2.The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster.Their bravery deserved to be praised.(brave)‎ ‎3.Don't press me any longer.These days, I can't fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great pressure on me.(press)‎ ‎4.The applicants who want to apply for ‎ ‎7.tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地 ‎8.apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请(书)‎ ‎9.bravery n．勇敢；勇气→brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地 ‎10.treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待→treatment n．治疗；疗法；对待；待遇 the position should hand in their applications.(apply)‎ ‎5.People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)‎ ‎6.We like to live a life full of variety and our tastes are various.(vary)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.fall_ill　　　　　　生病 ‎2.make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；‎ 起(重要)作用 ‎3.be_proud_of 以……而自豪 ‎4.squeeze_out 榨出；挤出 ‎5.over_and_over_again 反复；多次 ‎6.in_place 在适当的位置；适当 ‎7.put_one's_hands_on 找到 ‎8.a_number_of 若干；许多 ‎9.a_knowledge_of ……的知识 ‎10.cut_off 切掉；砍掉；阻断 ‎11.take_off 起飞；流行；脱下；‎ ‎(事业)腾飞 ‎12.act_as 担当 ‎13.first_aid (对伤患者的)急救 ‎1.Mr.Smith fell_ill suddenly yesterday.As a result, we are looking for someone that can take charge of the project.‎ ‎2.When we visited Paris, my niece acted_as our guide and showed us around lots of places of interest.‎ ‎3.This morning, I spent more than an hour collecting all the books, newspapers and other things in my office and then putting them in_place.‎ ‎4.All the doctors hope that the new medicine could make_a_difference to the cancer.‎ ‎5.Having been told over_and_over_again,_he still made the same mistakes, which made his parents crazy.‎ ‎6.My father will cut_off some dead branches from the trees in the garden.‎ ‎7.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)However, there are a_number_of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.‎ ‎8.Hannah was busy with work then but she still tried her best to squeeze_out some time from her tight schedule to visit her mother.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.‎ 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ unless引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎(2018·江苏高考)除非你能睡得好，否则一两个晚上后你就会失去集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性的能力。‎ Unless_you_can_sleep_well,_you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.‎ ‎2.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. ‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，突然他听到了尖叫声。‎ be doing ...when ...“正在做……这时……”。‎ 上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。‎ Last Monday, I was_walking_in_the_street_when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.‎ ‎3.There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.‎ 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。‎ There is no doubt that ...“毫无疑问……”。‎ ‎(2018·北京高考书面表达)毫无疑问世界上越来越多的人喜欢喝茶。‎ There_is_no_doubt_that more and more people around the world are fond of drinking tea.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Neighbours aided him with money when he almost lost everything in the fire.‎ ‎②He is so kind a boy that he often aided his mother to_clean (clean) the table, even the furniture.‎ ‎③The moment he saw the poor little boy on TV, he determined to aid him in continuing his study.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)come to one's aid　　　　 来帮助某人 give sb. first aid 对某人进行急救 with the aid of 在……的帮助下 ‎(2)aid sb.in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面帮助某人 aid sb.with sth. 以某事/物帮助某人 aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写(词汇升级)‎ ‎④She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not helped her.‎ ‎→She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not come_to_her_aid.‎ ‎2．vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①What's more, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to_obey (obey) traffic rulers.‎ ‎②As we all know, water is vital to/for keeping every living thing alive, without which the world would be a dead place.‎ ‎③It's vital that a successful movie pay (pay) much attention to its theme and the figures' characters.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ be vital for/to sth.　　　　　　　　 对……极为重要 It is vital that ...(should) do sth. ……是十分重要的 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写(一句多译)‎ 重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训。‎ ‎④What's_vital_is_that we should learn something from failure.(主语从句)‎ ‎⑤It's_vital_that_we_(should)_learn something from failure.(it作形式主语)‎ ‎3．treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Men and women must be_treated (treat) equally in education and employment.‎ ‎②(2016·天津高考)After years of regular treatment (treat), she finally became healthy.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)treat sb.as ...　　　　 把某人当……看待 treat sth.seriously 认真对待某事/物 treat sb./oneself to 用……款待某人/自己 ‎(2)It's my treat. 我请客。‎ ‎(3)treatment n. 治疗；疗法；对待；待遇 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(as/to)‎ ‎③Drinkdriving should be treated as a crime regardless of whether the driver causes a crash.‎ ‎④I'll treat you to lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.‎ 佳句时时写(句式升级)‎ If the patient was treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.‎ ‎⑤If_treated in a proper way, the patient was likely to be saved.(省略句)‎ ‎⑥Treated in a proper way, the patient was likely to be saved.(分词作状语)‎ ‎4．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.‎ ‎②Over the years, he has applied himself to improving (improve) the living conditions of the migrant workers.‎ ‎③I'd appreciate it if you could take my application (apply) into account at your convenience.‎ 补全句子 ‎④Now that you have a good command of English, you can apply_for_the_job.‎ 既然你精通英语，你能申请这份工作。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)apply ...to ...　　　　　　 把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于 apply to ... 适应/适用……‎ apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请……‎ ‎(2)applicant n. 申请人 application n. 申请；申请书；适用 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写(一句多译)‎ 如果你集中精力学习，你会通过考试的。‎ ‎⑤If_you_apply_yourself_to_your_study,_you will pass your exam.(条件状语从句)‎ ‎⑥Apply_yourself_to_your_study and you will pass your exam.(祈使句)‎ ‎⑦Applying_yourself_to_your_study,_you will pass your exam.(现在分词作状语)‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑧Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it.涂；敷 ‎1．in place在适当的位置；适当 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)out of place　　　　　　 不在适当位置；不合适 in place of 代替；取代 in the first place 首先；第一点 ‎(2)take place 发生；举行 take one's place 就座；代替 take the place of 代替；取代 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰 ‎(1)对比填空(in place/in place of)‎ ‎①The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in_place_of meat which might be harmful to her heart.‎ ‎②Mother makes it a rule to put newspapers scattered in the room in_place every morning.‎ ‎(2)对比填空(take place/take the place of)‎ ‎③Important changes took_place in the lives of women in the 20th century.‎ ‎④Mary will take_the_place_of Tom to arrange the meeting to be held next week.‎ 佳句时时写(词汇升级)‎ ‎⑤Firstly, with a good command of English, I'm quite qualified for the job.‎ ‎→In_the_first_place,_with a good command of English, I'm quite qualified for the job.‎ ‎2．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①What you have said will make no difference to the naughty boy.‎ ‎②The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the difference between them.‎ ‎③Whether he could get support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.‎ ‎[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)make a difference to　　 对……有作用/有影响 make some/no/little difference (to ...)‎ ‎ (对……)有些/没作用或影响 ‎(2)tell the difference (between ...and ...)‎ ‎ 辨别/区分(……与……)‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写(词汇升级)‎ ‎④I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my behaviors will work.‎ ‎→I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my behaviors will make_a_difference.‎ ‎3．be doing ...when ...‎ ‎　[教材原句]　John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Just last year, I was conducting (conduct) a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door.‎ ‎②I was about to leave when it began to rain heavily.‎ ‎③The professor had just finished his speech when students rushed out of the classroom.‎ ‎④I was_on_the_point_of_giving_up_when my best friend encouraged me to go on.‎ 我正要放弃这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)be doing ...when ...表示“正在做……这时……”。　‎ ‎(2)be about to do ...when ...‎ ‎ 表示“正打算做……这时……”。‎ ‎(3)had just done ...when ...‎ ‎ 表示“刚做完……这时……”。‎ ‎(4)be on the point of doing ... when ...‎ ‎ 表示“正要做……这时……”。‎ 注意事项 when 为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and then/and at that time。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)I was wondering whether to participate when my English teacher came by, telling me that it was a good chance to display my talent.‎ 我正在想是否参加，这时英语老师走了过来，告诉我这是我展示才华的好机会。‎ ‎②(增分要点句)She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.‎ 昨天她刚做完作业，她妈妈就叫她去练习弹钢琴。‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“安全常识与自我保护”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 话题词汇记一记 子话题(一)　紧急情况 温故浅易词汇 ‎①injured　　②breathe　　③cut　④wound ‎⑤blood ⑥die ⑦drown ⑧dizzy ‎⑨virus ⑩severe ⑪danger ⑫poison 识记生疏词汇 ‎①allergic adj.过敏的　　　②depression n．抑郁症 ‎③dizziness n．头昏眼花 ④accidental adj.偶然的 ‎⑤abnormal adj.反常的 ⑥paralysis n．瘫痪 ‎⑦victim n．受害者 ⑧potential adj.潜在的 ‎⑨unpredictable adj.不可预测的 ‎⑩unconscious adj.昏迷的 子话题(二)　安全保护与急救措施 温故浅易词汇 ‎①master　　②safety　　③provide　　④unsafe ‎⑤offer ⑥survive ⑦operate ⑧treatment ‎⑨rescue ⑩ensure ⑪exit ⑫entry 识记生疏词汇 ‎①principle n．原则　　　　②professional adj.专业的 ‎③medical adj.医学的 ④ambulance n．救护车 ‎⑤check vt.检查 ⑥recovery n．康复 ‎⑦basic adj.基本的 ⑧expert n．专家 ‎⑨artificial adj.人工的 ⑩avoid v．避开；防止 常用词块忆一忆 ‎①heart attack　　　　　　　　　　 心脏病 ‎②in lifethreatening situations 在生命危险状况 ‎③depend on 依靠；取决于 ‎④as important as 和……一样重要 ‎⑤call for professional medical help 求助专业的医疗救助 ‎⑥get hurt 受伤 ‎⑦have a good knowledge of first aid 非常了解急救知识 ‎⑧make sure 确保 ‎⑨in danger 在危险中 ‎⑩deal with 处理 ‎⑪avoid any potential risks in 避免潜在的危险 ‎⑫play an important part in 在……方面起重要作用 写作佳句背一背 ‎①If bitten by a poisonous snake or insect, you're supposed to squeeze the poison out as soon as possible and apply some medicines.‎ ‎②If you get your ankle sprained while walking, put an ice bag on it immediately to prevent further injury.‎ ‎③To help the students to learn more about first aid knowledge, a knowledge contest on first aid will be organized by our school.‎ ‎④No matter what we do, do remember that safety comes first.‎ ‎　二、“分步写作”表达准一点 读后续写情节发展合理化 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ An 80yearold man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45yearold highly educated son. Suddenly a crow (乌鸦) perched on their window.‎ The father asked his son, “What is this？”The son replied, “It is a crow.”‎ After a few minutes, the father asked his son the 2nd time,_“What is this？” The son said，“Father, I have just now told you ‘It's a crow.’”‎ After a little while, the old father again asked his son the 3rd time, “ What is this？”‎ At this time some expression of irritation was felt in the son's tone when he said to his father with a rebuff. “It's a cow, a cow.” ‎ A little while later, the father again asked his son the 4th time, “What is this？”‎ This time the son shouted_at his father，“ Why do you keep asking me the_same_question again and again, although I have told you so many times ‘IT IS A CROW’. Are you not able to understand this？”‎ A little later the father went to his room and came back with an old tattered diary, ‎ which he had maintained since his son was born. ‎ On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page. ‎ When the son read it, the following words were written in the diary：‎ ‎“Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa, when a crow was sitting on the window. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied_to him all 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question again and again for 23 times. I did not at all feel irritated but I rather felt affection for my innocent child.”‎ 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ After reading the diary，　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ [写作步骤]‎ 第一步：速读全文 文本大意：一位八十岁的老人和他的中年儿子坐在沙发上。同一个问题老人才问了三遍，儿子就已经十分恼怒和没耐心了；第四遍时，儿子已开始对他大吼了。伤心的父亲拿出一本破旧的日记让儿子读其中一页的内容：儿子小时候问了23 遍同一个问题，父亲仍然耐心解释。‎ 叙述意图：文章告诉我们要像小时候父母爱我们一样去爱父母，善待父母就是善待明天的自己。‎ 第二步：细读全文 ‎1．所给短文情景模式分析。‎ who son, father what An old man asked his son the same question for four times, and his son became very impatient. Later, the old man took out a diary written for his son.‎ when not mentioned where in his house why Parents are usually patient with their children while their children are not.‎ ‎2．对原文所提供的下划线词语进行分类。‎ ‎★人物：son, father ‎ ‎★事件： time, the same question, diary ‎★动作与心理描写：shout at, irritation, affection, reply to, read 第三步：精心谋篇 ‎1．Paragraph 1：After reading the diary，‎ 看了日记之后，‎ ‎[情节分析]　由短文大意以及文章最后的结尾部分可知这里是父子不同态度的对比，上文叙述了父亲让儿子看自己的日记，由续写内容第一段After reading the diary可知后面的内容应是儿子看了日记后的感受，以及对一些问题的思考。‎ ‎2．Paragraph 2：Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father.　儿子感到非常羞愧，跪在父亲面前。‎ ‎[情节分析]　注意关键词Feeling ashamed，由此可知儿子对自己的行为感到愧疚，所以下文中会为自己的行为道歉，然后向父亲保证以后好好对待父亲。‎ 第四步：初写成文 Paragraph 1：‎ ‎1．看了日记之后，儿子开始记起曾经和父亲坐在一起的日子，眼里满是泪水。‎ After reading the diary, the son began to remember the days when_he_used_to_sit_together with his father, his eyes filled with tears.‎ ‎2．父亲将会耐心回答同一个问题23次，一点也不感到厌烦，而父亲同一个问题只问了他4次！‎ His father would_patiently_answer the same question all 23 times without feeling irritation while his father asked him the same question just 4 times!‎ ‎3．儿子心想：如果我老了，儿子会怎么看我呢？‎ The son thought_to_himself:_If I attain old age, how will my son look at me?‎ ‎4．他会认为我是一个负担吗？‎ Will he think_of me as a burden?‎ ‎5．他会因为我的视力、听觉或理解力差而对我大喊大叫吗？‎ Will he shout_at me because of my poor sight, poor hearing or poor understanding?‎ Paragraph 2：‎ ‎6．他向父亲道歉，恳求父亲原谅他的不良行为。‎ He made_an_apology_to his father, and begged his father to forgive him for his bad ‎ behavior.‎ ‎7．他大声地说：“爸爸，我承诺让您永远幸福。”‎ He said aloud，“I promise_to_make you happy forever, Dad.”‎ ‎8．您从我小时候起就一直关心我，给予我无私的爱。‎ You have cared for me ever_since_I_was_a_little_child,_showering your selfless affection on me.‎ ‎9．为了我能上得起大学，您努力工作赚钱。‎ You worked hard to make money so that I could afford_to_go_to_university.‎ ‎10．我要用最好的方式孝敬您。‎ I will serve you in_the_best_way.‎ 第五步：润色升级 ‎1．把要点1中的remember改为高级词汇。‎ remember→think_back_to ‎2．用分词短语作状语改写要点6。‎ He_made_an_apology_to_his_father,_begging_his_father_to_forgive_him_for_his_bad_behavior.‎ ‎3．把要点8改为强调句式。‎ It_is_you_who_have_cared_for_me_ever_since_I_was_a_little_child,_showering_your_selfless_affection_on_me.‎ 第六步：复查定稿 Paragraph 1：‎ After reading the diary, the son began to think back to the days when he used to sit together with his father,_his eyes filled with tears. His father would patiently answer the_same_question all 23 times without feeling irritation while his father asked him the same question just 4 times! The son thought to himself: If I attain old age, how will my son look at me? Will he think of me as a burden? Will he shout_at me because of my poor sight, poor hearing or poor understanding?‎ Paragraph 2：‎ ‎ Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father. He made an apology to his father, begging his father to forgive him for his bad behavior. He said aloud，“I promise to make you happy forever, Dad. It is you who have cared for me ever since I was a little child, showering your selfless affection on me. You worked hard to make money so that I could afford to go to university. I will serve you in the best way.”‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I am busy preparing for my final exam, which is vital to me, so I can not keep the appointment.‎ ‎2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring (pour) outside.‎ ‎3．(2016·浙江高考)The reunited lovers held each other's hands firmly (firm) and walked ahead together.‎ ‎4．(2016·北京高考)Now, electric shock training and medical treatment (treat) are helping to rescue these big birds.‎ ‎5．(2016·四川高考)In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure (press) or to die from heart attacks.‎ ‎6．(2016·四川高考)They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections (infect)．‎ ‎7．(2015·安徽高考)If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety (various)．‎ ‎8．(2013·陕西高考)Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 ‎(选用treat, apply, unbearable, difference填空)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)In his introduction, he made it clear that our credits would be hardearned.In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to __51__ what we would learn in class to our future professions and, eventually, to our lives.I managed to get an A in that course and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the classroom.apply ‎2．(2017·北京高考完形填空)In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of praises.For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the efforts of young people to change the world.But through all this, Hannah still has the normal life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.‎ Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a __55__ in the world.You can, too！difference ‎3．(2016·浙江高考完形填空)During the war, my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be near him.I hated the place.I had never before been so unhappy.My husband was ordered out on a long term duty, and I was left in a tiny shack (棚屋) alone.The heat was __23__ — almost 125 even in the shade of a cactus (仙人掌)．Not a soul to talk to.unbearable ‎4．(2013·北京高考完形填空)Lola doesn't want to be __48__ differently from the other ‎ girls on her team.At competitions, the judges don't know about her vision problems.She doesn't tell them, because she doesn't think they need to know.Her mom is amazed by her positive attitude.treated 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：安全是社会发展的前提，是人类生存和发展的保障。树立安全意识、掌握安全知识、提高自我保护能力，营造“珍爱生命、安全第一”的良好氛围，一直受到国家的大力倡导。因此掌握安全的知识和救助方法是高考的热点，建议考生多多关注安全急救的相关材料。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ ‎[1] LoAnna and Kris' kids were playing outside on a sunny Saturday.Suddenly LoAnna heard a huge sound.She __1__ outside to see wide mud, sand, and rocks __2__ down the hill.She phoned Kris __3__ and Kris sped back home.‎ ‎[2] Suddenly, he heard a woman screaming for help.As he __4__ the sound through mud, he only saw an arm reaching up.Kris kept her talking while __5__ the wood, metal trapping the mother and child.Finally, he was able to __6__ her.Kris continued his way home.‎ ‎[3] Soon, he heard a(n) __7__ moan (呻吟) from the ruins again.The man buried was about twice Kris' weight and, therefore, he'd have to wait for more help.Once the the helicopter crew arrived, Kris left to find his__8__.Hours later, Kris reached home.His truck was __9__， and so were LoAnna and the others.He __10__ cars and houses nearby to find other __11__， and then walked back to the rescue team.Not long after he arrived, his truck came into __12__.LoAnna pulled over and ran to him.He hugged her tightly and spoke __13__，“Let's go home.”‎ ‎[4] Over the next several weeks, 43 bodies were __14__.Just nine survivors were luckily pulled from the mud, all of them on that day.Kris was__15__by the Red Cross for his heroic deeds.‎ ‎1．A.rushed　　　　　　　　　B．wandered C．jumped D．broke 解析：选A　根据空前的内容可知，LoAnna和Kris的孩子在外面玩耍，LoAnna突然听到一声巨响，她当然会冲到外面去查看发生了什么事。rush“冲向”，符合语境。wander“闲逛，徘徊”。‎ ‎2．A.tracking B．pushing C．thundering D．pressing 解析：选C　她看到大片泥土、沙子和石块轰隆隆地快速从山坡上滚了下来。thunder“轰隆隆地快速移动”，符合语境。track“跟踪”；push“推动(人或物)，移动(身体部位)”；press“拥挤着移动”，其主语一般是人。‎ ‎3．A.immediately B．accidentally C．cautiously D．deliberately 解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处指的是LoAnna立即给Kris打了电话，Kris加速往家赶。immediately“立即，马上”，符合语境。accidentally“意外地，偶然地”；cautiously“谨慎地”；deliberately“故意地”。‎ ‎4．A.recorded B．appreciated C．analyzed D．followed 解析：选D　根据语境可知，Kris听到一个女士在求救，那么他应是顺着声音来确定这位女士的位置的。follow“跟着”，符合语境。record“记录”；appreciate“欣赏”；analyze“分析”。‎ ‎5．A.setting aside B．taking off C．pulling away D．giving out 解析：选C　Kris一边把困着这位女士和孩子的树枝、金属拉开，一边让这位女士继续说话。pull away“拉掉，拉开”，符合语境。set aside“把……搁置一旁”；take off“取下，带走”；give out“分发，用完”。‎ ‎6．A.feed B．free C．comfort D．treat 解析：选B　终于，Kris使这位女士获得了自由。free“使自由”，符合语境。feed“喂”；comfort“安慰”；treat“对待”。‎ ‎7．A.frightening B．awkward C．annoying D．painful 解析：选D　很快，他再次听到废墟中传来的痛苦的呻吟。 painful“令人疼痛的，痛苦的”，符合语境。‎ ‎8．A.partners B．shelter C．family D．belongings 解析：选C　由后文的“Hours later, Kris reached home.”可知，此处指直升机组人员到达后，他离开去寻找家人。family“家人”，符合语境。partner“搭档，同伴”；shelter“庇护所”；belongings“财产”。‎ ‎9．A.abandoned B．loaded C．gone D．dirty 解析：选C　根据语境可知，此处指Kris的卡车、LoAnna以及其他人都不见了。gone“不在的，离开的”，符合语境。abandoned“被抛弃的”；loaded“装载的”；dirty“脏的”。‎ ‎10．A.replaced B．checked C．moved D．repaired 解析：选B　Kris查看了附近的汽车和房子，看看还有没有其他幸存者。check“检查”，符合语境。replace“替换，更换”；move“移动”；repair“修理”。‎ ‎11．A.neighbors B．rescuers C．volunteers D．survivors 解析：选D　参见上题解析。survivor“幸存者”，符合语境。neighbor“邻居”；rescuer“救援者”；volunteer“志愿者”。‎ ‎12．A.effect B．sight C．existence D．play 解析：选B　他到达救援队不久之后，他的卡车就进入了他的视野。come into sight“出现，进入视野”，符合语境。come into effect“生效”；come into existence“成立，开始存在”；come into play“开始活动，开始起作用”。‎ ‎13．A.in peace B．on purpose C．by chance D．with relief 解析：选D　Kris紧紧地抱着LoAnna，松了一口气，并说道：“我们回家吧。”with relief“松一口气，欣慰地”，符合语境。in peace“安静地，和睦地”；on purpose“故意地”；by chance“偶然地”。‎ ‎14．A.received B．delivered C．recovered D．cured 解析：选C　在接下来的几周内，有43具尸体被找到。recover“找回，寻回，找到”，符合语境。receive“接纳”；deliver“递送”；cure“治愈”。‎ ‎15．A.recognized B．employed C．promoted D．greeted 解析：选A　Kris因其英勇的行为得到了红十字会的表彰。recognize“赞赏，表彰，感谢”，符合语境。employ“雇用”；promote“提升，晋升”；greet“欢迎，迎接”。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 完形填空技法(5)——驾驭四种意识，攻克完形填空失分点 ‎(1)重视首句，要有推断意识 首句是全文的关键句，也是主导句，我们可以从这个窗口领悟文章的有用信息，根据有用信息推断文章的大意及主题，从此找到一个突破口展开思维，准确答题。如本文第1题。‎ ‎(2)通读全文，要有作者意识 我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。‎ ‎(3)瞻前顾后，要有结构意识 我们主张在做完形填空的时候要合理想象，其实就是合理思考和推理，不能脑洞大开，甚至“胡思乱想”，必须“随文应变”，不可“一意孤行”，要随着文段发展脉络，调整预测偏差。‎ ‎(4)反复推敲，要有纠错意识