【英语】2018届二轮复习　并列句（有解析）学案（5页）

【英语】2018届二轮复习　并列句（有解析）学案（5页）

‎2018届二轮复习　并列句 ‎(一)并列句的4种类型 ‎1．表并列、递进或顺承关系：and，both...and...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...‎ The earth is one of the sun's planets，and the moon is our satellite.‎ 地球是太阳系中的一颗行星，月亮是地球的卫星。‎ ‎2．表转折、对比关系：but，yet，while ‎①The problem was a little hard，yet I was able to work it out.‎ 这道题有点难，然而我却把它做出来了。‎ ‎②The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.‎ 北京的冬天很冷，然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。‎ ‎3．表选择关系：or，otherwise，or else，either...or...，not...but...‎ Now you can either have a rest or you can go to the cinema.‎ 现在你可以休息，也可以去看电影。‎ ‎4．表因果关系：so，for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)‎ He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail.‎ 由于他视力开始下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。‎ ‎(二)并列句的2大句式 ‎1．when“就在这时，突然”，常用以下句式 ‎·sb.be about to do/on the point of doing sth.when...某人正要做某事，突然……‎ ‎·sb.be doing sth.when....‎ 某人正在做某事，突然……‎ ‎·sb.had(just)done sth.when...‎ 某人刚做完某事，突然……‎ ‎①One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.‎ 当我们周五在收拾行李要去度周末时，我的女儿突然听到了呼救声。‎ ‎②She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.‎ 昨天她刚完成家庭作业，妈妈就让她练习钢琴。‎ ‎2．and与or/otherwise用于并列句 ‎·祈使句＋and＋陈述句(and表示顺承关系)‎ ‎·祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句(or/otherwise表示转折关系)‎ ‎①Find ways to praise your children often，and you'll find they will open their hearts to you.‎ 设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。‎ ‎②Hurry up，or/otherwise you will be late for class.‎ 快点儿，否则你们上课就迟到了。‎ 核心考点针对练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·东城期中)It has been separated from other continents for millions of years， it has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.‎ ‎2．(2017·东城期中)I have never been to Rome that's the city I'd most ‎ like to visit.‎ ‎3．(2017·杭州质检) there was no conclusive evidence，most people thought he was guilty.‎ ‎4．(2017·西工大附中质检)More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want，and I am one of them.I just can't help buying things I need them or not.‎ ‎5．(2017·衡水中学七调)As we can see，developing a good habit is so important I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit－keep a learning diary every day.‎ ‎6．(2017·浙江名校联考) the wedding ceremony began，the couple nervously repeated their vows“We promise to love each other for better，for worse，for richer，for poorer，in sickness and in health”. 【导学号：11470176】‎ ‎7．(2017·西安中学质检) we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized，we are not really learning the language.‎ ‎8．(2017·赣中南五校适应性考试)Earthquake safety is very important and there is more to it just keeping buildings from falling down.‎ ‎9．(2017·赣榆智贤中学检测) he has decided to come to see you，when do you think he will come?‎ ‎10．(2017·泰兴四中检测)－It's a long time I saw you last.‎ ‎－Yes，and what a pity！It will be a long time we see each other again.‎ ‎【答案】　‎ ‎1．so　[句意：由于与其他大陆分开了好几百万年，因此那里有许多在世界别的地方找不到的植物和动物。前后两句为因果关系，故答案为so。]‎ ‎2．but　[句意：我从未去过罗马，但那是我最想去的城市。前后两句为转折关系，故答案为but。]‎ ‎3．While/Although/Though　[句意：虽然没有确凿证据，但大多数人认为他有罪。根据句意可知答案为While，Although或Though。]‎ ‎4．whether　[句意：越来越多的人愿意在网上买自己想要的东西，我就是其中之一。无论我需不需要，我都会情不自禁地买东西。根据语境可以推断出此处考查让步状语从句，whether...or not意为：无论……还是……。]‎ ‎5．that　[句意：正如我们看到的那样，养成一个好的习惯如此重要，以至于我想介绍一种好的学习习惯，即每天都要记学习笔记。根据语境可知此处考查so...that引导的结果状语从句。]‎ ‎6．As/When　[句意：当婚礼开始时，那对新人紧张地重复着他们的誓言“我们发誓彼此相爱，无论环境好坏、无论贫穷富足、无论生病健康。”根据上下文逻辑可知设空处引导时间状语从句，且从句谓语动词为瞬间动词，故答案为As或When。]‎ ‎7．If　[句意：如果我们对仅仅记住几条规则就感到满意的话，那我们就不是真的在学习这门语言。根据语境此处应该是考查条件状语从句，所以要用if引导。]‎ ‎8．than　[句意：地震安全非常重要，与防止建筑物倒塌相比，还有更多的事情要做。根据本句中的more可以设空处填than。]‎ ‎9．Since　[句意：既然他已决定来看你，你认为他什么时候来呢？since从属连词，既然。]‎ ‎10．since；before　[句意：——自从我上次见你到现在已经很长时间了。——是的，真遗憾！还得很长时间我们才会再次见面。“It is＋一段时间＋since...”意为：自从……到现在已经有一段时间了。“It will be＋一段时间＋before...”意为：还得有一段时间才会……。]‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·石家庄质检)I hope you'll soon feel calm or carry on to achieve your goal.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2．(2017·资阳一次诊断)Not only did we take a break from our heavy school work，and also we learned how to communicate with each other.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3．(2017·贵州遵义二联)When I was on the platform，and I was so nervous that much sweat was on my forehead.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4．(2017·晋中一模)Success，to a great extent，can be influenced by luck，and this is not to say luck is an accident.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5．(2017·温州联考)On Monday afternoon，we were playing basketball in the playground while I suddenly slipped and fell over.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6．(2017·全国名校联盟百校大联考)When we got there，the firefighters welcomed us but led us into an exhibition hall.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7．(2017·南平质检)I have an American friend，Marianne，she lives alone but has a pet dog，Sparky.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8．(2017·邯郸一模)The holiday came to an end when I knew it.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9．(2017·焦作一模)After arriving at school，I discussed with some classmates that we could do.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10．(2017·江西八所盟校联考)Then a man came in with his son，whom wanted to buy ice cream，too.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】　‎ ‎1．or→and　[句意：我希望你很快就会感到平静一些，继续实现你的目标。前后不是选择关系，故将or改为and。]‎ ‎2．and→but　[句意：我们不仅可以从沉重的课业中解脱出来，而且我们还学会了如何互相交流。not only...but also...为固定结构，意为：不仅……而且……。]‎ ‎3．去掉and　[句意：当我站在舞台上时，我紧张得额头都是汗。本句中从属连词和并列连词不能同时使用，故将and去掉。]‎ ‎4．and→but　[句意：成功在很大程度上受运气的影响，但这并不是说运气是一种偶然。前后部分为转折关系，故将and改为but。]‎ ‎5．while→when　[句意：周一的下午，我们正在操场上打篮球，突然我滑了一跤摔倒了。be doing sth.when...为常用句型，意为：正在做某事这时……。其中when相当于and at that time。]‎ ‎6．but→and　[句意：当我们到达那里时，消防队员们迎接了我们并把我们带到了一个展览厅。根据句意可知前后并不是转折关系，故将but改为and。]‎ ‎7．she→who　[句意：我有一位美国朋友Marianne，她独自生活却养了一条宠物狗Sparky。逗号不能连接两个句子，由此可见“she lives alone but has a pet dog，Sparky”应为定语从句，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，指“人”，故将she改为who。]‎ ‎8．when→before　[句意：不知不觉地假期就结束了。直译为：在我知道之前，假期就结束了。故将when改为before。]‎ ‎9．that→what　[句意：到达学校后，我和一些同学讨论我们能做点什么。‎ ‎“that we could do”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且表示“物”，故用what而不用that引导。]‎ ‎10．whom→who　[句意：后来一个人带着他的儿子走了进来，他也想买冰激凌。“whom wanted to buy ice cream，too”为非限制性定语从句，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故用who而非whom。]‎