【英语】2018届二轮复习动词的时态、语态及主谓一致在语篇中的考查学案（9页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习动词的时态、语态及主谓一致在语篇中的考查学案（9页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习动词的时态、语态及主谓一致在语篇中考查 ‎ 【一】‎ There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)　　1.as　　 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 　　2.effects　　(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.‎ ‎ Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 　　3.to process　　(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 　　4.are removed　　(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 　　5.a　　 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 　　6.worse　　(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 　　7.is　　 (be) full of fat and salt; by 　　8.eating　　 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 　　9.careful　　(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 　　10.which　　 is not good for the health.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。‎ ‎❶　解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵御心脏病的方式”，所以填as，意为“作为”。‎ ‎❷　解析：‎ 考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的“some”及空后的“such as overweight and heart disease”可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。‎ ‎❸　解析：考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth.为固定用法。‎ ‎❹　解析：考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt是动词remove的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。‎ ‎❺　解析：考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。‎ ‎❻　解析：考查比较级。短语even worse意为“更糟糕的是”，表示意义的递进。故用worse。‎ ‎❼　解析：考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为fast food，故填is。‎ ‎❽　解析：考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。‎ ‎❾　解析：考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful“当心的”构成系表结构。‎ 　解析：考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。‎ ‎ 【二】‎ Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 　　1.attraction　　(attract)．‎ So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not－for－profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 　‎ ‎　2.was allowed　　(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600－acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be 　　3.officially　　(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back 　　4.to　　my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s, 　　5.when　　I was the first Western TV reporter 　　6.permitted　　(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include 　　7.introducing　　(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.‎ On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by 　　8.its　　(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few 　　9.days　　(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed，　　10.the　　other is with mum—she never suspects.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事。‎ ‎❶　解析：考查词性转换。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词its以及形容词top可知此处应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为“向往之地，有吸引力的事”。‎ ‎❷　解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的“was”表明此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。‎ ‎❸　解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填officially。‎ ‎❹　解析：考查介词。go back to是固定搭配，意为“追溯到”。‎ ‎❺　解析：‎ 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when。‎ ‎❻　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填过去分词permitted作后置定语，相当于that/who was permitted。‎ ‎❼　解析：考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填introducing。‎ ‎❽　解析：考查代词。由语境及后面的名词mother可知，此空应该填it的形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎❾　解析：考查名词。由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。every few days是“每隔几天”的意思。‎ 　解析：考查冠词。这里考查的是one...the other...这一固定搭配，意为“一个……另一个……”。‎ ‎【三】‎ Long time ago，a boy ____1.named____(name) Bob met a new friend in QQ，she is Larry.Larry works with Transport Drivers.Inc.One morning in 2009，Larry was traveling along 165 north after delivering to one of his customers when he saw a car____2.with____its bright lights on.As he got even ____3.closer____(close)，he found another vehicle upside down on the road.One more look ____4.and____he noticed fire shooting out ____5.repeatedly____(repeat) from under the disabled vehicle.Larry pulled over，set the brake and got hold of the fire extinguisher (灭火器)．Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire____6.was_put____(put) out.‎ The man who had his bright lights on came over and told Larry he had made a call.They then heard a woman's voice coming from the damaged vehicle.____7.Approaching____(approach) the vehicle，they ‎ saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay still，but she thought the car was going to explode.Larry told her that he had already put out the fire.‎ Once fire and____8.emergency____(emergent) people arrived，Larry and the other man backed off and let them go to work.Then，Larry asked the police____9.if/whether____he was needed or free to go.They let him and the other man go.‎ One thing is for certain－It____10.was____(be) his efforts that most likely saved the woman's life.‎ 文章大意：本文写了Larry在旅途中用灭火器扑灭了一个正在燃烧的车的火，挽救了一个妇女的生命的故事。‎ ‎❶　解析：考查非谓语。一个被叫做Bob的男孩，男孩与name之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词在句中作定语。‎ ‎❷　解析：考查with的复合结构。with＋名词＋副词。看到一个车亮着强光灯。‎ ‎❸　解析：考查比较级。根据句意：他更靠近些，比原来的更近了，所以close用比较级。‎ ‎❹　解析：考查连词。根据句意：再一看，他发现火焰从无法开动车的车底下冒出来。one more a look and＋句子也是英语中的一种固定结构。‎ ‎❺　解析：考查副词。根据句意：他发现火焰从无法开动的车底下冒出来．此处应该用副词修饰动词shoot out，repeatedly是副词“反复地”。‎ ‎❻　解析：考查被动语态。根据句意：火被扑灭．主语是the fire，所以用被动语态。‎ ‎❼　解析：‎ 考查非谓语。根据句意：靠近车子，他们发现那个女的试图从坏了的车窗里出来。approach与they之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词在句中做状语。‎ ‎❽　解析：考查名词作定语。根据句意：急诊人员，emergency是名词“急诊”。‎ ‎❾　解析：考查名词性从句。这是一个宾语从句，根据句意：是否还需要他或者是离开。whether/if都可以引导宾语从句。‎ 　解析：考查强调句。根据强调句的固定结构 It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋从句，根据前后时态一致，答案用was。‎ ‎ 【四】‎ Whenever Prince George steps out for an engagement，like on the royal tour of Canada，or poses for____1.official____ (office) photographs，he only ever wears shorts，____2.which____has long confused royal watchers.‎ According to William Hanson，____3.an____expert in ceremony，there's a very good reason for this—and it has nothing to do____4.with____fashion，but rather a royal tradition that ____5.dates____(date) back to the sixteenth century.A new born baby would____6.be_dressed____(dress) in a gown for their first year or two. Then he was “breached (穿裤礼)” and wore articles of clothing like shorts.The usual custom is that a boy graduates to trousers around eight years old.‎ With times ____7.changing____(change)，middle class boys began to wear trousers but they are considered suburban (土气的) by the upper，Hanson explains，“____8.It____is a very English thing to dress a young boy in shorts.” The British upper are always keen to hold on to tradition，and this also____9.silently____(silent) marks them out from “the ‎ rest”．However，as for William and Kate，the____10.decision____(decide) to dress George in shorts is more likely down to tradition than a class issue.‎ 文章大意：本文介绍英国皇室的孩子们的一些穿衣传统。‎ ‎❶　解析：考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语修饰后面的名词，意为“官方的图片”，故填official。‎ ‎❷　解析：考查连词。此处可根据意思来理解。他仅穿短裤，这令人很困惑。空格所缺的词需具备引导词的作用，而且要作主语，还要指代前面整个句子的意思，故是一个非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。‎ ‎❸　 解析：考查冠词。此处为泛指，单数，expert发的第一个音是元音音素，故填an。‎ ‎❹　解析：考查介词。此处为固定搭配，have nothing to do with“和……一点关系都没有”。‎ ‎❺　解析：考查动词。此处为that引导的定语从句，空格填谓语动词，先行词是单数，date back to意为“追溯到”，用一般现在时，故此处填dates。‎ ‎❻　解析：考查被动语态。此处意为“穿衣”，新生婴儿肯定是别人给他穿衣的，故用be dressed。‎ ‎❼　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构用法“with＋宾语＋宾补”，根据change和逻辑主语times之间是主动关系，故填changing。‎ ‎❽　解析：考查it作形式主语。此处用it来作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to dress……。‎ ‎❾　解析：考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词短语mark out，作状语，故填silently。‎ 　解析：考查名词。此处用名词作主语，故填decision。‎ ‎【五】‎ Qigong，____1.called____(call) “Life Energy Cultivation” in China，is a practice of focusing on breath，movement，and awareness for exercise，and healing(愈合)．If you have taken Chinese lessons，you must be familiar with Confucius，according to ____2.whom____qigong provides a means to become a Junzi(gentleman) through awareness of morality.Taoism considers qigong to be able to provide a way to achieve spiritual improvement.Qigong is____3.traditionally____ (traditional) viewed as a practice to balance qi (inner life energy)，which is now practiced throughout China and worldwide.____4.As____a form of gentle exercise，qigong is made up of movements that are typically repeated，strengthening the body.Qigong　____5.is_believed____(believe) to help develop human potential，allow access to higher degrees of awareness，and awaken____6.one's____(one) “true nature”．‎ What makes qigong special is that it can be done____7.lying____(lie)，sitting，or standing; thus it is ____8.accessible____(access) for disabled persons，seniors，and people recovering from injuries.As a healing art，qigong practitioners focus on prevention and self－healing，which has been widely used in China as part of traditional Chinese medicine，and is included in the curriculum of Chinese ____9.universities____(university)．Besides，qigong is practiced for self－cultivation as a means to get rid of ____10.the____complexity of the earth.‎ ‎❶　解析：此处是过去分词做后置定语，根据句意可知填called。‎ ‎❷　解析：此处Confucius是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中做according to的宾语，to是介词，故填whom。‎ ‎❸　解析：副词修饰动词，故填traditionally。‎ ‎❹　 解析：句意：作为一种轻度操练形式。可知此处填介词As。注意大写开头。‎ ‎❺　解析：此处Qigong和believe之间是被动关系，根据句意可知用一般现在时态的被动语态，故填is believed。‎ ‎❻　解析：句意：唤醒了人的真正本性。用形容词性物主代词，根据句意可知填one's。‎ ‎❼　解析：根据后面的sitting，or standing可知此处是并列关系，故填lying。‎ ‎❽　解析：Be动词后面用形容词作表语，故填accessible。‎ ‎❾　 解析：句意：被包括在中国大学的课程里。根据句意可知此处用名词复数，故填universities。‎ 　解析： 句意：除掉地球的复杂度。此处表示特指，故填the。‎