2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（18）（含解析）

2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（18）（含解析）

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（18）‎ 李仕才 A ‎ ＂An apple a day keeps the doctor away＂ is a popular saying in the United States. It may be a common saying, but it is not scientifically confirmed. However, a new study adds to evidence that suggests taking a small amount of aspirin can help keep the doctor away.‎ ‎ Peter Elwood is with Cardiff University’s School of Medicine in Britain. Forty years ago, he was involved in the first study to explore the effects of aspirin on the prevention of heart disease. Elwood’s team examined 47 studies for evidence that aspirin helped cancer patients. They found there’s fairly consistent evidence of a 15 to 20 percent reduction in death and a reduction in cancer’s spread, by low dose(剂量)  aspirin. By low dose, he means 81 milligrams. The study followed cancer patients for five years. Elwood says the evidence is strong that aspirin delays death among cancer patients.‎ ‎ Elwood’s team are excited to have this evidence from the study. Elwood adds that it is not a cure but a small sign of better things to come, what he calls a little hope and encouragement. ＂If you asked me personally what I would do if doctors told me I had cancer, I would say I would have no hesitation in taking it. But I do not recommend it to people. I want them to have the evidence and make their own decisions.＂‎ ‎ The only major risk is that aspirin can cause stomach bleeding. But Elwood says it usually does not cause death. He adds that the evidence points to big health benefits of taking a daily aspirin. So, for some people, the pros might overweigh the cons.‎ ‎1. What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 1?‎ ‎ A. Patients should eat apples. ‎ ‎ B. Apples are popular with Americans.‎ ‎ C. Aspirin can be good for health. ‎ ‎ D. Doctors should use aspirin instead of apples.‎ ‎2. What does Elwood suggest people do?‎ ‎ A. The less aspirin, the better.‎ 11‎ ‎ B. Don’t delay in taking aspirin.‎ ‎ C. Taking aspirin is a better way to cure cancer.‎ ‎ D. Make decisions in the best interest of their own.‎ ‎3.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?‎ ‎ A. Aspirin is the best cure for cancer.‎ ‎ B. Taking aspirin won’t kill in the long run.‎ ‎ C. Taking aspirin does more good than harm.‎ ‎ D. The side effect of taking aspirin is strong.‎ ‎ 【语篇解读】文章介绍每天服用少量的阿司匹林对健康有好处，可以延缓癌症病人的死亡。‎ ‎2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子＂Elwood＂可知，Elwood建议人们按照对自己有最大益 处的方式做决定。故选D。‎ ‎3.C【解析】推理判断题。文章最后一段介绍服用阿司匹林会导致胃部出血，但是结合句子＂He adds that the evidence points to big health benefits of taking a daily aspirin.＂每天服用一点阿司匹林对健康有很大好处， 可知，下文的the pros might overweigh the cons意为：服用阿司匹林的好处大于坏处，故选C。‎ B ‎(2015·甘肃第一次诊断)‎ Recommended Delft Hotels Bridges House Hotel Bridges House Hotel is a hotel in the centre of Delft and has shops and museums next door.There are many restaurants in the area where you can eat a lovely dinner in the evening.The market square is within easy walking distance.The comfortable rooms are all uniquely decorated and have a splendid bathroom.Air conditioning and free WiFi are available.There are extra long beds for your convenience.‎ 11‎ Breakfast is served in the hotel lounge.In the evenings, guests can have a drink here as well.‎ Hotel Juliana Just a 5minute walk from the centre of Delft, this friendly family hotel is close to everything and offers comfortable rooms at an affordable price.The main priority is to provide you with quality service through personal attention and by creating a pleasant atmosphere.‎ This hotel is also conveniently located near the Technical University of Delft.Other cultural spots and a series of bars and restaurants are just a stroll away.‎ Shanghai Hotel This unique hotel features Chinesestyle decoration and an elegant bar.Shanghai Hotel is located next to the A13 highway, only a 10minute drive from Delft city centre.It offers free onsite parking.‎ Each of the rooms at Shanghai Hotel includes flatscreen cable TV, a desk and tea/coffee making facilities plus a refrigerator.The comfortable modern bathrooms have a shower, a hairdryer and free makeup.‎ Hotel de Koophandel Located on the central Beesten Market，Hotel de Koophandel is surrounded by cafes and restaurants in the heart of Delft.In the breakfast room, you can enjoy various breads, toasts，cereals, eggs and fruits in the morning.‎ The comfortable and uniquely decorated rooms are equipped with a private bathroom and free WiFi.Coffee and tea facilities are available.Because of the perfect location,‎ 11‎ ‎ you can easily walk around the city centre and visit the main places of interest.‎ For more detailed information, please click here www.booking. com/hotel/nl.‎ ‎1．Which hotel is the best choice if someone is extremely tall?‎ A．Bridges House Hotel.B.Hotel Juliana.‎ C．Shanghai Hotel. D．Hotel de Koophandel.‎ ‎2．If someone chooses Shanghai Hotel, he ________．‎ A．can enjoy various breads and eggs B．can go to the Technical University of Delft C．may be interested in Chinesestyle decoration D．may visit some parks for free ‎3．What do all the hotels in the passage have in common?‎ A．They offer free WiFi.‎ B．They are at Delft city centre.‎ C．They offer free onsite parking.‎ D．They offer comfortable rooms.‎ ‎4．Where can you probably see the passage?‎ A．In a magazine. B．In a newspaper. ‎ C．On the Internet. D．In a TV program.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一则广告，主要是为荷兰的一个城市——Delft的四家宾馆做广告，简要介绍了它们的地理位置和相关特色。‎ ‎1．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据Bridges House Hotel部分第一段最后一句“There are extra long beds for your convenience.”可知，如果房客很高的话，他最好选Bridges House Hotel。故答案选A。‎ 11‎ ‎2．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据Hotel de Koophandel部分第一段中的“you can enjoy various breads...eggs...”和Hotel Juliana部分第二段第一句“This hotel is...located near the Technical University of Delft.”可知，A、B两项不符合题意；根据Shanghai Hotel部分第一段最后一句“It offers free onsite parking.”可知，这家宾馆的房客可享受到免费的停车服务，而不是免费到公园游玩，因此D项错误。根据Shanghai Hotel部分第一段第一句“This unique hotel features Chinesestyle decoration...”可知，C项符合题意。故答案选C。‎ ‎3．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据Bridges House Hotel 部分第一段第四句“The comfortable rooms...”、Hotel Juliana部分第一段第一句“...offers comfortable rooms...”、Shanghai Hotel部分第二段“Each of the rooms at Shanghai Hotel includes flatscreen cable TV...The comfortable modern bathrooms...”和Hotel de Koophandel部分第二段第一句中的“The comfortable and uniquely decorated rooms”可推知，这四家宾馆的共同之处在于它们都提供舒服的房间。故答案选D。‎ ‎4．解析：选C。文章出处题。根据最后一段“For more detailed information, please click here www.booking. com/hotel/nl.”可知，最有可能在网上看到这篇文章。故答案选C。‎ C It was an autumn morning shortly after my husband and I moved into our first house. Our children were upstairs unpacking, and I was looking out of the window at my father moving around mysteriously on the front lawn. “What are you doing out there？” I called to him.‎ He looked up, smiling, “I'm making you a surprise.” I thought it could be just about anything. When we were kids, he always created something surprising for us. Today, however, Dad would say no more, and caught up in the business of our new life, I eventually forgot about his surprise.‎ Until one gloomy day the next March when I glanced out of the window, I saw a dot of blue across the yard. I headed outside for a closer look. They were crocuses (番红花) throughout the front lawn—blue, yellow and my favorite pink, with 11‎ ‎ little faces moving up and down in the cold wind. I remembered the things Dad secretly planted last autumn. He knew how the darkness and dullness of winter always got me down. What could have been more perfectly timely to my needs?‎ My father's crocuses bloomed (开花) each spring for the next five seasons, always bringing the same assurance: Hard times are almost over. Hold on, keep going, and light is coming soon.‎ Then a spring came with only half the usual blooms and the next spring there were none. I missed the crocuses, so I would ask Dad to come over and plant new bulbs. But I never did. He died suddenly one October day. My family were in deep sorrow, leaning on our faith.‎ On a spring afternoon four years later, I was driving back when I felt depressed. It was Dad's birthday, and I found myself thinking about him. This was not unusual—my family often talked about him, remembering how he lived up to his faith. Suddenly I slowed as I turned into our driveway. I stopped and stared at the lawn. There on the muddy grass with small piles of melting snow, bravely waving in the wind, was one pink crocus.‎ How could a flower bloom from a bulb more than 18 years ago, one that hadn't bloomed in over a decade? But there was the crocus. Tears filled my eyes as I realized its significance.‎ Hold on, keep going, and light is coming soon. The pink crocus bloomed for only a day, but it built my faith for a lifetime.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇充满爱和哲理的记叙文。文章主要讲述了搬家之后，作者的父亲在她家草坪里种下了番红花。这让作者在寒冷的冬天情绪也不会低落。多年之后的一个下午，作者发现18年前种下的已有10多年未曾生长开花的球茎，如今重新开放，这让作者理解了其深刻的含义：只要坚持不懈，光明就会来临。‎ ‎1．According to the first three paragraphs, we learn that ________.‎ A．it kept bothering the author not knowing what the surprise was B．the author was unpacking when her father was making the surprise C．it was not the first time that the author's father had made a surprise D．the author knew what the surprise was because she knew her father 答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“When we were kids, he always created something surprising for us.”可知，作者的父亲从她小的时候就一直给她惊喜，这已不是第一次了。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?‎ 11‎ A．The author usually felt depressed in the season of winter.‎ B．The author's father planted the crocuses to lift her low spirits.‎ C．The author often thought about her father after he died.‎ D．The crocuses bloomed each spring before her father died.‎ 答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“He knew how the darkness and dullness of winter always got me down.”可知，A、B两项正确。根据文章倒数第三段第二句“It was Dad's birthday, and I found myself thinking about him.”和第三句可知，作者经常会想起她的父亲，所以C正确。所以本题应选D。‎ ‎3．The author's father should be best described as ________.‎ A．a parttime worker who loved flowers B．a kindhearted man who lived with faith C．a fulltime gardener with skillful hands D．an ordinary man with doubts in his life 答案：B　推理判断题。根据文章中讲述父亲为防止作者在冬天情绪低落而为她种了番红花可知，他有爱心且心地善良；根据文章倒数第三段第三句中“remembering how he lived up to his faith”可知，父亲实践着自己的信仰。故答案选B。‎ ‎4．What can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Crocuses—My Source of Faith B．Crocuses—Father's Surprise C．A Pink Crocus—My Memory D．Crocuses in Blossom—My Favorite 答案：A　标题概括题。根据文章最后一段第二句“The pink crocus bloomed for only a day, but it built my faith for a lifetime.”可知，作者在父亲为她种的番红花上找到了人生信仰。故答案选A。‎ D ‎(2015·石家庄二中一模)‎ We have a problem, and the strange thing is that we not only know about it, but also celebrate it.Just today, someone boasted to me that she was so busy that she’s averaged four hours of sleep a night for the last two weeks.She wasn’t complaining; she was proud of the fact.She is not alone.‎ 11‎ Why are typically rational people so irrational in their behavior? The answer is that we’re in the midst of a bubble.I call it “The More Bubble”．‎ The nature of bubbles is that something is absurdly overvalued until—eventually—the bubble bursts, and we’re left wondering why we were so irrationally animated in the first place.The thing we are overvaluing now is the opinion of doing it all, having it all, achieving it all.‎ This bubble is being enabled by a combination of three powerful trends: smart phones, social media, and extreme consumerism.The result is not just information overload, but opinion overload.We are more aware than at any time in history of what everyone else is doing and，therefore, what we should be doing.In the process, we have been sold a bill of goods: that success means being supermen and superwomen who can get it all done.Of course, we boasted about being busy—it’s code for being successful and important.‎ And our answer to the problem of more is always more.We need more technology to help us create more technologies.We need to shift our workload to free up our own time to do yet even more.‎ Luckily, there is a solution to the pursuit of more: the pursuit of less, but better, a growing number of people are making this change.I call these people Essentialists.‎ These people are designing their lives around what is essential and removing everything else.These people arrange to have actual weekends (during which they are not working)．They created technologyfree zones in their homes.They trade time on Facebook with calling those few friends who really matter to them.Instead of running ‎ 11‎ to different meetings, they put space on their calendars to get important work done.‎ So we have two choices：We can be among the last people caught up in “The More Bubble”，or we can join the growing community of Essentialists and get more of what matters in our one precious life.‎ ‎1．When the woman said for two weeks she only slept for four hours a night，________．‎ A．she was unsatisfied with her lifestyle B．she was asking for suggestions C．she took pride in doing so D．she knew few people were like her ‎2．What is Paragraph 4 mainly for?‎ A．The cause and result of “The More Bubble”．‎ B．The advantages of “The More Bubble”．‎ C．The solutions to “The More Bubble”．‎ D．The new trends of “The More Bubble”．‎ ‎3．According to the article, Essentialists are those who ________．‎ A．give up certain things for what matters in life B．prefer to change frequently C．are tired of information and opinions D．are eager to become successful and important ‎4．We can infer from the article that the author________“The More Bubble”．‎ A．is supportive of　　　　 B．is undecided about 11‎ C．disapproves of D．wonders about ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了一种在人们行为表现中出现的不正常现象——“The More Bubble”——的成因及解决方法。‎ ‎1．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“she was proud of the fact”可知，她对于自己的这种做法感到自豪。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．解析：选A。段落大意题。根据第四段第一句可知，本段主要讨论了这种现象形成的原因和结果。故答案选A。‎ ‎3．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“These people are designing their lives around what is essential and removing everything else.”可知，“These people”指的是上文提到的“Essentialists”，他们围绕重要的事物设计他们的生活，将其余不重要的部分删去。故答案选A。‎ ‎4．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为我们要么被“The More Bubble”束缚，要么成为Essentialist，在我们珍贵的生命中得到重要的东西；由此可推知，作者对“The More Bubble”这种现象是不赞成的。故答案选C。‎ E ‎(2017·广州普通高中毕业班综合测试)‎ ‎ Inside the Rain Room The Rain Room has arrived and local art lovers are taking notice. Is it worth the wait? Yes, I assure you it is. Once inside, visitors find a long, dark room with a high ceiling. A single bright light shines through heavy rain falling around visitors. The mist. The damp air. The noise. It feels like a mighty storm pouring down, but the storm is inside, and visitors aren’t getting wet. Instead, visitors wander in awe，admiring the rain and the artists who created it.‎ The Rain Room was created to highlight the connection between humans, nature and technology. With a tracking system that senses movement and stops the rain wherever visitors move, it does just that. Light and sound produce an experience that feels both natural and foreign. The exhibit is moving on to Atlanta next month. I urge you to visit before then. It’s time to experience the Rain Room for yourself! ‎ Welcome to the Rain Room ‎ 11‎ ‎•The Rain Room features falling water. Please be aware you may get slightly wet. However, visitors wearing raincoats will be turned away.‎ ‎•This exhibit features advanced technology. To ensure its effectiveness, please avoid wearing dark or reflective clothing. ‎ ‎•Visitors are welcome to take photographs of the exhibit. ‎ ‎•Children must be accompanied by an adult. ‎ ‎•For the convenience of all guests, visits are limited to 10 minutes.‎ ‎1．What’s the purpose of the text? ‎ A．To attract visitors to a new art exhibit. ‎ B．To explain how an exhibit has been created. ‎ C．To describe the technology used in the exhibit. ‎ D．To promote the artists taking part in an exhibit. ‎ ‎2．What’s the function of the exhibit’s tracking system? ‎ A．To keep visitors from getting wet.‎ B．To protect the exhibit from water damage.‎ C．To time how long visitors are in the room.‎ D．To count the number of visitors in the room.‎ ‎3．What must you do when visiting the Rain Room?‎ A．Wear a raincoat.‎ B．Wear dark clothing.‎ C．Leave your camera outside.‎ D．Pass through within 10 minutes.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇广告类说明文，主要介绍了艺术展览项目“雨屋”的技术原理、声光效果、参观注意事项等。‎ ‎1．A　解析：写作意图题。根据第一段的第一句“The Rain Room has arrived and local art lovers are taking notice.”和第三部分的标题“Welcome to the Rain Room”可知，“雨屋”展览项目已经到了当地，欢迎观众前去参观；据此可以判断，本文旨在吸引观众参观“雨屋”艺术展，故A项正确。‎ ‎2．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句，并结合第一段中的“and visitors aren’t getting wet”可知，跟踪系统能感知到参观者的移动，在此系统的帮助下，参观者不会被雨淋湿，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．D　解析：细节理解题。根据本文最后一句可知，参观者参加展览仅限于十分钟，故D项正确。‎ 11‎