【英语】山东省济宁市第一中学2020届高三下学期二轮质量检测试题（解析版）

【英语】山东省济宁市第一中学2020届高三下学期二轮质量检测试题（解析版）

山东省济宁市第一中学2020届高三下学期二轮质量检测 英语试题 第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分。满分37.5分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Explore fascinating subjects in ticketed lectures by Museum curators (馆长) and distinguished experts on art, architecture, music, and history. Choose from individual talks or complete series. Tickets include admission to the Museum on the day of your event. For more information, please call 212-570 -3949.‎ Another World Lies Beyond: Religious Arts of China at The Met Thursday/ September 19, 2019‎ ‎11:00 А. М.‎ Joseph Scheier-Dolberg, Oscar Tang and Agnes Hsu-Tang Associate Curator of Chinese Paintings, Department of Asian Art, The Met Explore the vast diversity of the religious arts of China -- from lavish Buddhist ritual paintings to playful Daoist immortals and popular deities(神) printed for use in the home.‎ Presented in conjunction(联合) with the exhibition Another World Lies Beyond: Chinese Art and the Divine, on view at The Met Fifth Avenue August 24, 2019-February 2, 2020.‎ Tickets include same-day Museum admission.‎ The Colmar Treasure: A Medieval Jewish Legacy Tuesday/ October 29, 2019‎ ‎11:‎00 A. М.‎ Barbara Boehm, Paul and Jill Ruddock Senior Curator, Department of Medieval Art and The Cloisters, The Met Internationally renowned medieval art historian Barbara Boehm, author of The Colmar Treasure: A Medieval Jewish Legacy, examines how a cache of medieval jewelry and coins found in ‎1863 in the Alsatian city of Colmar attests to(证实) the delicate art of the medieval goldsmith and provides a glimpse of life along the Rhine in the troubled 14th century.‎ Presented in conjunction with the exhibition The Colmar Treasure: A Medieval Jewish Legacy, on view at The Met Cloisters July 22, 2019-January 12, 2020.‎ Tickets include same-day Museum admission.‎ Play It Loud: Andy Summers, A Certain Strangeness Saturday/ June 22, 2019‎ ‎6:30 Р. М.‎ Guitarist Andy Summers demonstrates his dual musical and visual artistic practices with a multimedia presentation titled A Certain Strangeness. Summers weaves an audiovisual spell by combining surreal imagery and innovative guitar techniques. The evening culminates with a conversation between Summers and Jayson Dobney, Frederick P. Rose Curator in Charge, Department of Musical Instruments, The Met Presented in conjunction with the exhibition Play It Loud: Instruments of Rock and Roll.‎ Tickets include same-day Museum admission.‎ ‎1. Who will be likely to attend the Another World Lies Beyond: Religious Arts of China at The Met?‎ A. People who are interested in sports.‎ B. People who are interested in religious arts.‎ C. Some Buddhists who are fond of tales.‎ D. People who are interested in Confucianism.‎ ‎2. What can we know about The Colmar Treasure: A Medieval Jewish Legacy?‎ A. Medieval goldsmith were highly skilled B. The lecture is about the Jews.‎ C. The exhibition is on view for a year.‎ D. People can go to the lecture on August 23, 2019‎ ‎3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?‎ A. To introduce some exhibitions. B. To introduce some lectures.‎ C. To introduce some artists. D. To call on people to attend the lectures.‎ B What is a hero? We may think of the fictional characters with supernatural powers or great people who can influence world events. Now, as the nation continues its all-out efforts to fight ‎ against the novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19), medical staff have become heroes in the eyes of the public.‎ As of Feb 19, a total of 32,000 medical staff outside Hubei province have been working to treat patients around the center of the outbreak.‎ Zhang Dingyu, the president of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, is one of these heroes. Since the hospital received the first seven patients in December, Zhang has been so busy that he barely gets any sleep. Even suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (肌萎缩侧索硬化), the 56-year-old doctor is doing his best to quicken his pace to save precious time for infected patients. “I have to run, racing against time to save more patients from the deadly disease, because I don’t have much time left in my life,” Zhang told Xinhua News Agency.‎ With the duty of saving lives, many medical professionals like Zhang have been working long hours for days, despite their fear and worries.‎ Lu Jingjing from Wuhan Children’s Hospital also works at a temporary mobile hospital. She does not let her parents know that she is now working with novel coronavirus-infected patients.‎ When her parents ask for a video chat, Lu says she is working and lets her husband and children chat with them instead.‎ ‎“It’s dangerous but we should win the battle with the virus as soon as possible, so that medical staff and patients can go back home,” she told China Daily.‎ US writer Khalil Gibran (1883-1931) once wrote, “Tenderness and kindness are not signs of weakness and despair, but the manifestations of strength and resolution.” It’s true for the medical workers.‎ Everyone has fear, especially when it comes to deadly diseases. But for medical staff, saving lives comes first and is enough for them to be brave and stay on the front. They may look like ordinary people in daily life, but in these extraordinary times, they are heroes.‎ ‎4. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this article?‎ A. To explain what makes a modern-day hero.‎ B. To praise medical staff for their efforts to fight the NCP.‎ C. To describe what measures China has taken to deal with the virus.‎ D. To show the difficulties faced by medical staff treating NCP patients.‎ ‎5. What do we learn from Zhang Dingyu’s words?‎ A. His illness has turned him into an impatient man.‎ B. His illness makes him work without fear.‎ C. He feels sorry for himself because of his illness.‎ D. He wants to help as many patients as possible.‎ ‎6. Why doesn’t Lu Jingjing answer her parents’ video calls?‎ A. She is too busy and has no time for video chats.‎ B. She doesn’t want her parents to worry about her.‎ C. It’s not allowed to make a video call from the hospital.‎ D. There is no WiFi signal at the temporary mobile hospital.‎ ‎7. The underlined word “manifestations” in the second-to-last paragraph probably means “_______”.‎ A. results B. differences C. indications D. advantages C Researchers have recorded penguins making sounds underwater for the first time — the first time such behavior has been identified in seabirds. These animals, like other seabirds, are highly vocal on land. They are known to communicate when their heads are above the water in the ocean, possibly for the purposes of group formation.‎ However until the latest study — published in the journal Zoological Science — it was not known whether penguins made sounds underwater, like some other air-breathing marine predators, such as whales and dolphins. For their research, a team of scientists led by Andréa from Nelson Mandela University in South Africa, wanted to investigate this issue. To do so, they fitted adult penguins from three species with video cameras featuring built-in microphones.‎ To the surprise of Andréa and her colleagues, the team recorded a total of 203 underwater vocalizations from the penguins in the underwater footage they captured over a month-long period in 2019. These are the first recordings of seabirds producing vocalizations underwater. “I couldn’t believe it. I had to replay it many times,” Andréa said.‎ The vocalizations that the team recorded — which sound like rapid whoops — were very short in duration, lasting about 0.06 seconds on average. And all of these sounds were emitted（发出）during dives in which the animals were searching for food. Currently, it is not clear why ‎ the penguins are making these sounds; however, they only produce them while hunting. In fact, more than 50 percent of the vocalizations were immediately preceded by an acceleration movement or followed by an attempt to hunt.‎ According to the researchers this suggests that the sounds are related to hunting behavior — especially because the penguins tend to be alone when they make them, indicating that communication was not the purpose. The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vocalizations to stun(使昏迷) their prey. However, much more research is required to determine why the penguins make these sounds, the scientists note.‎ ‎8. How does Andréa’s team conduct the study about penguins?‎ A. By recording penguins’ sounds on land.‎ B. By fixing electronic devices on the penguins.‎ C. By observing penguins’ activities underwater.‎ D. By catching different kinds of adult penguins.‎ ‎9. What can we infer from Andréa’s words in paragraph 3?‎ A. Penguins’ sounds are too low to hear.‎ B. She doubts if penguins could make sounds.‎ C. Penguins seldom make sounds underwater.‎ D. It’s not easy to obtain penguins’ sounds underwater.‎ ‎10. When do penguins probably produce sounds underwater?‎ A. When they take a deep breath.‎ B. When they dive to hunt for food.‎ C. When they teach their babies diving.‎ D. When they communicate with their partners.‎ ‎11. What is the scientists’ attitude towards the research results?‎ A. Cautious. B. Negative.‎ C. Supportive. D. Indifferent.‎ D ‎“If I only had a little humility, I’d be perfect,” the media giant Ted Turner supposedly said sometime in the 1990s. Why be modest? Aristotle said: “All men by nature desire to know.” Intellectual humility is a particular instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about ‎ most things but still ignore your mental limitations.‎ Intellectual humility means recognising that we don’t know everything. Actually, it means we should acknowledge that we’re probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and seek out the sources of wisdom that we lack.‎ The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. But, by making us lazy, they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist Tania Lombrozo of the University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions (错觉) of wisdom. She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding — and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing. Logical puzzles presented in an unfriendly font (字体), for example, can encourage someone to make extra effort to solve them. Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our screens, where our brain processes information in a “smooth” way. What about all the information that presents online? Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes. Intellectually humble people don’t hide or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. People who are humble by nature tend to be more open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid.‎ At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance almost always originates from the egocentric bias – the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or importance, ignoring the role of chance or the influence of other people’s actions on their lives. This is what makes these people credit success to themselves and failure to circumstance. From an evolutionary perspective, intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way of achieving dominance through forcing one’s view on others. Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully.‎ The Thrive Center for Human Development in California, which seeks to help young people tum into successful adults, is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility. Their hypothesis is that humility, curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life. “Without humility, you are unable to learn,” Laszlo Bock, Google’s Head of People Operations, notes.‎ ‎12. The passage is mainly about ______.‎ A. the harm arrogance does to us B. the key elements to a fulfilling life C. the significance of intellectual humility D. the way people access information online ‎13. Technology enhances our illusions of wisdom because it ______.‎ A. enables people to think critically B. offers too much unreliable information C. allows easy access to abundant information D. makes it hard for people to recall information ‎14. According to Para.3, intellectually humble people ______.‎ A. value others’ opinions more than their own B. use online information to better themselves C. are unwilling to show their strengths D. prefer to solve difficult problems ‎15. The author will probably agree that ______.‎ A. intellectual arrogance is the result of evolution B. intellectually arrogant people often lack team spirits C. successful people are often unaware of their limitations D. circumstances don’t favor intellectually arrogant people 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ When Republic of Korea(ROK) President Moon Jae-in said on Feb 3, "China’s difficulty is also ours" to raise his nation’s awareness of the outbreak of the novel coronavirus(COVID-19) in China, China was facing the difficult period of controlling the spread of the virus nationwide. ___16___‎ Now it is the ROK that seems to be at the critical juncture of how China was then, as the country has the highest number of people infected with the virus outside of China; 1,261 as of Wednesday.‎ ‎___17___ That the organizing committee for the Olympic Games in Tokyo has for the first time noted that whether the Games will be held as scheduled in the summer depends on how well the epidemic(传染病) is controlled in the next three months indicates that the country is at a crossroad in its efforts to contain the spread of the virus.‎ The ROK and Japan’s advanced medical systems, solid economic foundations and unity of their people in the fight against the virus will prove indispensable to defeating the virus. ___18___‎ Before vaccines are developed, it is good to see that the two countries have already heeded China’s lessons and experience in dealing with the epidemic and they are trying to limit population mobility. ___19___‎ Given the three economies’ collective importance to the global supply chain, other countries should also prepare for the epidemic’s likely aftermath on the world economy, and consider what they can do to support the three countries in their struggle.‎ ‎___20___‎ A. However, their closely-packed populations will put their governance systems to a tough test.‎ B. Japan too seems to be facing a similar situation with 170 people infected with the virus, not including 691 from the ship quarantined(被隔离的) at Yokohama port.‎ C. Their battle is also the world’s.‎ D. Public health policymakers and institutes should step up their cooperation so as to better coordinate their war against a common enemy.‎ E. It deeply appreciated the moral and material support given by the ROK.‎ F. The detection, quarantine and hospitalization of those who are suspected of being infected must be done in a wait-for-nothing manner as the two countries are in a race to get ahead of the spread of the virus.‎ G. It is trying hard to minimize the influence of the epidemic.‎ 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分， 满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ After persuading most of his patients, his wife and son to go back to France following the ‎ lockdown of Wuhan, Philippe Klein, a French doctor, decided to stay in the epicenter during the COVID-19 outbreak.‎ ‎"I am a doctor, so I have to do my job and do my___21___," said Klein, a general practitioner at Wuhan Union Hospital in Hubei province.‎ Before authorities in Wuhan___22___the city, suspending all outbound flights and trains in late January to___23___the highly infectious disease, Klein had___24___about 500 foreigners living in Wuhan, most of them French.‎ Following the outbreak, he closed his___25___at the hospital to reduce the chances of infection for his patients. Instead, he began to give___26___and treatment at patients’ homes.‎ But while he continued to see his patients, Klein found some had fever and he might be___27___with the virus, so he decided to send his wife and son back to France.‎ ‎"When I came back home after seeing patients, I didn’t feel very comfortable. I really did not want to put my family___28___, so I asked my wife to leave Wuhan on the second plane organized by the French government," he said. "My son was crying when we___29___, but it was better for them to leave Wuhan and let me do my job. Also they were very proud because I was doing my duty here."‎ In addition to his sense of duty as a doctor, he said he also chose to stay because of his deep___30___for the people and the city, where he has lived for six years.‎ ‎“People in Wuhan are very friendly to French, and here I feel like a star sometimes,” he said.‎ ‎___31___the lockdown of a vast city with 11 million people, which is rare in human history, has made a big___32___on Klein. He said he is touched by the___33___Wuhan residents have made to contain the outbreak.‎ ‎“The last month was the craziest month in my___34___life,” he said. “and I would like to say to the people of Wuhan and to the Chinese people that they are going to overcome this epidemic. And their sacrifice, their courage, their unity, will___35___. It will be an example to the world to make such a sacrifice to protect the rest of the world.”‎ ‎21. A. share B. duty C. thing D. bit ‎22. A. sealed B. decorated C. damaged D. saved ‎23. A. contain B. decrease C. fuel D. cancel ‎24. A. healed B. recovered C. served D. cured ‎25. A. studio B. clinic C. agency D. firm ‎26. A. finance B. analyses C. relief D. diagnoses ‎27. A. tested B. influenced C. infected D. detected ‎28. A. in trouble B. in danger C. in anxiety D. in progress ‎29. A. departed B. left C. flew D. parted ‎30. A. affection B. influence C. attitude D. association ‎31. A. Sensing B. Witnessing C. Smiling D. Hearing ‎32. A. contribution B. point C. impact D. difference ‎33. A. offer B. promise C. risk D. sacrifice ‎34. A. intellectual B. professional ‎ C. productive D. amateur ‎35. A. catch on B. come back C. take off D. pay off 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ People love the view of old buildings in Paris, especially Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院). ___36___(unfortunate), on April 16, a fire destroyed the spire(尖顶) of the 850-year-old cathedral, and two-thirds of the roof. Flames could be seen ___37___(rise) through the top of the monument. The citizens in Paris gathered around the cathedral, praying ___38___ the hundreds of firefighters who fought the flames. ___39___ was no wonder that people felt sad. The church itself, after all, is a historical and artistic treasure. ___40___(build) in 1163, it is one of the world’s most famous tourist sites, attracting about 12 million ___41___(visit) every year.‎ Notre Dame Cathedral is home to many ___42___(religion) artworks, paintings and sculptures. Despite its long history and many treasures, the cathedral ___43___(need) the help of a writer to become truly famous. Victor Hugo’s 1831 novel, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, presented the building to ___44___ wide audience of readers. He wrote the book to remind people of it, with the hope ___45___ they would protect the beautiful old buildings of Paris.‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)‎ 第一节 (满分15分)‎ ‎46.假如你是李华，在你校学习的英国交换生William 对中国历史很感兴趣，打算在暑假出去旅游。他给你来信，请你帮他推荐一座中国历史文化名城。请你用英语回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 你的推荐；‎ ‎2. 推荐理由；‎ ‎3. 食宿建议。‎ 注意：1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear William,‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 第二节 (满分25分)‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ I always prided myself on being a wise shopper and having a good nose for bargains. So when I came across a sporting goods store with a sign “Going Out of Business Sale”, I marched into the crowded store. Up and down the aisles (通道), I wandered, humming to myself and enjoying the energy and excitement of a sale.‎ All of a sudden, there, at the back of the store sat a canoe(轻舟) exactly like my husband’s dream Supremo Numero-Uno, whose picture had been stuck on the bathroom mirror for years. My heart beat wildly. I pushed my way through the crowds, and nearly fell into the canoe looking for the price tag. There it was, with the manufacturer’s suggested price at $6,750 plus tax crossed out and a handwritten TO CLEAR $750 AS IS. Must be a mistake. $6000 off? Salesman. I had to talk to a salesman. I spotted a young fellow with a “Hi. I’m Mathew”. “Mathew. Tell me about this El Supremo canoe. What’s wrong with it? Why is it only $750?”‎ ‎“Oh. There’s nothing wrong with it. It’s brand new. We’re closing the store. It’s on clearance like everything else. I’ll go check.” A few minutes later he came back and said, “I’m sorry ma’am. Someone made a mistake on the sale tag. It should be $4,750 for the whole package.”‎ I felt tears well up in my eyes. “Oh well”, I said sadly. “Of course, it was too good to be true.‎ ‎ This is exactly like my husband’s dreamboat. I guess I started to dream myself when I saw that price tag. He’s going to be 62 years old Friday. Had to retire early for his health. It’s been hard on just the pension but the stubborn old fool has been saving $10 every week for years to buy one just like this. I promise I won’t buy anything, but it’s just an old man’s silly dream, you know. Always said he wanted to fish in a canoe after he retired,” my voice lowered and I turned and walked away. ‎ Paragraph 1:‎ I was already at the mall door when Mathew caught up with me. “Do you have $750 plus $25 for delivery, ma’am?”‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ ‎“Ma’am. There’s something you should know. This store was my Grandpa’s and the canoe had been ordered by him.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了博物馆的几个展览的相关信息。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Another World Lies Beyond: Religious Arts of China at The Met部分中的“Explore the vast diversity of the religious arts of China ”可知，Another World Lies Beyond: Religious Arts of China at The Met能够让你探索中国宗教艺术的巨大多样性，由此可知，对宗教艺术感兴趣的人可能会参加这个展览，故B项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据The Colmar Treasure: A Medieval Jewish Legacy部分中的“a cache of medieval jewelry and coins found in ‎1863 in the Alsatian city of Colmar attests to(证实) the delicate art of the medieval goldsmith”可知，1863年在阿尔萨斯市科尔马发现的一批中世纪珠宝和硬币证明了中世纪金匠的精致艺术，由此可知，中世纪的金匠技艺高超，故A项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了博物馆的几个展览的相关信息，因此作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍这几个展览，故A项正确。‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇新闻报道，赞扬了医务人员在武汉为抗击新冠病毒肺炎所做出的努力。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的 “Now, as the nation continues its all-out efforts to fight against the novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19), medical staff have become heroes in the eyes of the public.”可知，现在，随着国家继续全力抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎，医务人员已经成为公众眼中的英雄，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了赞扬医务人员为抗击新冠病毒肺炎所做出的努力，故B项正确。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的““I have to run, racing against time to save more patients from ‎ the deadly disease, because I don’t have much time left in my life,” Zhang told Xinhua News Agency.”可知，张定宇在接受新华社采访时表示“我不得不和时间赛跑，来拯救更多的病人，因为我的生命已经没有多少时间了”，由此可知，张定宇的话表明他想帮助（治疗）尽可能多的病人，故D项正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段“Lu Jingjing from Wuhan Children’s Hospital also works at a temporary mobile hospital. She does not let her parents know that she is now working with novel coronavirus-infected patients.”可知，来自武汉儿童医院的陆晶晶也在一家临时流动医院工作，她没有让她的父母知道她现在正在治疗新冠病毒感染患者，由此可知，她不接父母的视频电话是怕父母为自己担心，故B项正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Tenderness and kindness are not signs of weakness and despair”可知，温柔和善良不是软弱和绝望的表现，此处是说它们是力量和决心的表现，由此可知画线词词义与signs相近，表示“标志、表现”，故C项正确。‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员首次记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音，他们猜测企鹅可能是在用发声来击昏猎物，然而，科学家们指出需要更多的研究来确定企鹅发出这些声音的原因。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they fitted adult penguins from three species with video cameras featuring built-in microphones.”可知，他们给三种成年企鹅安装了内置麦克风的摄像机，由此可知，安德里亚的团队是通过在企鹅身上安装电子设备而进行研究的，故B项正确。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“These are the first recordings of seabirds producing vocalizations underwater. “I couldn’t believe it. I had to replay it many times,” Andréa said.”可知，这是第一次记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音，“我简直不敢相信。我不得不重放了很多遍”，安德里亚说，因此安德里亚的话表明记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音是很不容易的，故D 项正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And all of these sounds were emitted（发出）during dives in which the animals were searching for food. Currently, it is not clear why the penguins are making these sounds; however, they only produce them while hunting.”可知，所有这些声音都是动物在潜水寻找食物时发出的，目前，还不清楚为什么企鹅会发出这些声音；然而，它们只在捕猎时发出这些声音。由此可知，企鹅可能会在潜水觅食的时候才在水下发出声音，故B项正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vocalizations to stun(使昏迷) their prey. However, much more research is required to determine why the penguins make these sounds, the scientists note.”可知，研究人员猜测，企鹅可能是在用发声来击昏猎物。然而，科学家们指出，还需要更多的研究来确定企鹅发出这些声音的原因，特别是“much more research”表明科学家对研究结果持谨慎态度，故A项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇第4题观点态度题难度较大，切忌将研究人员的观点与科学家的观点混淆，根据最后一段中的“The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vocalizations to stun(使昏迷) their prey. However, much more research is required to determine why the penguins make these sounds, the scientists note.”可知，研究人员猜测，企鹅可能是在用发声来击昏猎物，然而，科学家们指出，还需要更多的研究来确定企鹅发出这些声音的原因，特别是“much more research”表明科学家对研究结果持谨慎态度，故A项正确。‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了理智的谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点，他们把这视为个人发展的源泉，并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。分析文章可知，文章主要讲述了理解的谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点，他们把这视为个人发展的源泉，并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“The Internet and digital media have created the impression ‎ of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. ”以及“the way we access information is critical to our understanding – and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing.”可知，技术增强了我们对智慧的幻想，因为它使我们能够容易地获得丰富的信息。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“ Intellectually humble people don’t hide or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. ”可知，他们把网上的信息视为个人发展的源泉，是完善自我的机会。结合选项，故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中 “Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully.”可知，自大的智者缺乏合作精神。结合选项，故选B。‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了中日韩三国抗击新冠病毒的情况，同时指出这三个国家与新冠病毒之间的斗争也是全世界的斗争。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 空前说‎2月3日，韩国总统文在寅说：“中国的困难也是我们的困难”，以提高韩国民众对在中国爆发的新冠病毒认识，此处承接上文，讲的是中方对韩方给予的支持的回应，故E项（中方深切感谢韩方给予的精神和物质支持）符合语境。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 空后说东京奥运会组委会首次指出，夏季奥运会能否如期举行，取决于未来三个月疫情控制的好坏，这表明该国在遏制病毒传播方面正处于十字路口，因此此处会提到新冠病毒在日本的传播情况，故B项（日本似乎也面临着类似的情况，有170人感染了这种病毒，其中不包括在横滨港隔离的691人）符合语境。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 空前说韩国和日本先进的医疗系统、坚实的经济基础以及两国人民在抗击病毒中的团结一致是战胜病毒所不可或缺的，空后说我们很高兴地看到两国已经注意到中国在应对这一流行病方面的经验教训，并且正在努力限制人口流动，因此此处与上文形成转折，应该会提到韩国和日本在控制人口流动方面存在一定的难度，故A项（然而，这些人口密集的国家的管控体系将面临严峻考验）符合语境。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 空前说我们很高兴地看到两国已经注意到中国在应对这一流行病方面的经验教训，此处承接上文，讲的是这两个国家从中国身上学到的具体的经验教训，故F项（因为这两个国家都在争分夺秒地阻止病毒传播，所以对疑似感染者的检测、隔离和住院治疗必须要迅速）符合语境。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 空前说其他国家也应该考虑如何支持这三个国家抗击病毒，此处解释原因，说的是这三个国家与新冠病毒之间的斗争也是全世界的斗争，故C项（他们与病毒之间的斗争也是全世界的斗争）符合语境。‎ 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了新冠病毒引发的肺炎疫情爆发之时，武汉协和医院的全科医生克莱恩出于医生的职责和对这座城市的爱选择留在武汉而没有回国，他也亲眼目睹了武汉封城以及武汉市民为控制疫情所做的牺牲和努力，这让他深受感动。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：湖北省武汉协和医院的全科医生克莱恩说：“我是一名医生，所以我必须做好我的工作，尽我的职责”。A. share份额；B. duty责任、职责；C. thing事情；D. bit一点。根据空前的“I am a doctor”可知，克莱恩说自己是一名医生，因此要尽到医生的职责，在新冠病毒爆发时留在武汉治病救人，故B项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1月下旬，为了控制这种高度传染性的疾病，武汉进行了封城，暂停了所有航班和火车，在此之前，克莱恩曾为居住在武汉的大约500名外国人服务（看病），其中大部分是法国人。A. sealed封锁；B. decorated装饰；C. damaged 损害；D. saved拯救。根据空后的“suspending all outbound flights and trains in late January”‎ 可知，所有航班和火车都停运了，这说明武汉封城了，故A项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contain包含、控制；B. decrease降低；C. fuel给……提供燃料；D. cancel取消。根据空后的“the highly infectious disease”可知，武汉封城是为了控制这种具有高度传染性的新冠病毒，故A项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. healed治愈；B. recovered恢复；C. served为……服务；D. cured治愈。根据空后的“about 500 foreigners living in Wuhan”可知，在武汉封城之前，克莱恩曾为居住在武汉的大约500名外国人服务（看病），故C项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：疫情爆发后，他关闭了他在医院的门诊部，以减少病人感染的机会。A. studio工作室；B. clinic诊所、医务室；C. agency中介；D. firm公司。根据空后的“at the hospital to reduce the chances of infection for his patients.”可知，为了减少病人感染新冠病毒的机会，克莱恩关闭了他在医院的门诊部，故B项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他开始在病人家里为病人进行诊断和治疗。A. finance财政；B. analyses分析；C. relief减轻；D. diagnoses诊断。根据空后的“treatment”可知此处指“诊断和治疗”，故D项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当克莱恩继续给病人看病时，他发现有些病人发烧了，他也有可能会感染病毒，于是他决定把妻儿送回法国。A. tested检验；B. influenced影响；C. infected感染；D. detected探测。根据空前的“Klein found some had fever”可知，他发现有些病人发烧了，所以他也有可能会感染新冠病毒，故C项正确。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他说：“给病人看完病回家后，我觉得不太舒服，我真的不想让我的家人陷入危险之中，所以我让我妻子和儿子乘坐法国政府安排的第二趟航班离开武汉”。A. in trouble处于麻烦之中；B. in danger处于危险之中；C. in anxiety处于焦虑中；D. in progress在发展中。根据空前的“When I came back home after seeing patients, I didn’t feel very comfortable.”可知，给病人看完病回家后，克莱恩觉得不太舒服，他可能也感染了新冠病毒，为了不让自己的家人身处险境，他让妻儿回法国去，故B项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们分别时，我的儿子哭了，但他们最好离开武汉，让我留下来干我的工作。A. departed出发；B. left离开；C. flew飞；D. parted分离、分开。根据空前的“I asked my wife to leave Wuhan on the second plane organized by the French government”可知，克莱恩让妻子和儿子乘坐法国政府安排的第二趟航班离开武汉回法国，此处指“分别的时候”，故D项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，除了作为一名医生的责任感外，他之所以选择留下来也是因为他对这座他生活了六年的城市和这里的人民有着深厚的感情。A. affection喜爱、感情；B. influence影响；C. attitude态度；D. association联合。根据空后的“for the people and the city, where he has lived for six years.”可知，克莱恩对这座他生活了六年的城市和这里的人民有着深厚的感情，故A项正确。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：目睹一座拥有1100万人口的大城市封城，这在人类历史上是罕见的，这对克莱恩产生了重大影响。A. Sensing感觉；B. Witnessing目睹、见证；C. Smiling微笑；D. Hearing听到。根据上文中的“Philippe Klein, a French doctor, decided to stay in the epicenter during the COVID-19 outbreak.”可知，在新冠病毒爆发后，克莱恩选择了留在武汉，因此他亲眼目睹了武汉封城，故B项正确。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contribution贡献；B. point关键；C. impact影响；D. difference差异。空后克莱恩说武汉市民为控制疫情做出的牺牲让他很感动，因此武汉封城对克莱恩的影响很大，故C项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，武汉市民为控制疫情做出的牺牲让他很感动。A. offer提议；B. promise承诺；C. risk风险；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据空后的“Wuhan residents have made to contain the outbreak”可知，武汉市民为控制疫情做出的牺牲让克莱恩大为感动，故D项正确。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“上个月是我职业生涯中最疯狂的一个月”，他说。A. intellectual智力的；B. professional专业的；C. productive多产的；D. amateur 业余的。根据上文中的“Philippe Klein, a French doctor”可知，克莱恩是一名医生，而目睹了新冠病毒引发的肺炎疫情在武汉的爆发以及武汉市民为抗击疫情而做出的牺牲和努力是克莱恩的职业（从医）生涯中见过的最为疯狂的（事情），故B项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的牺牲，他们的勇气，他们的团结，终将得到回报。A. catch on变得流行；B. come back回来；C. take off起飞；D. pay off取得成功、得到回报。根据空前的“And their sacrifice, their courage, their unity, will”可知，克莱恩说武汉市民为控制疫情所做出的牺牲以及他们的勇气和团结终将得到回报，故D项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇第3空的难度在于很多同学只知道 contain有“包含”之意，而不知它还有“控制”之意，根据空后的“the highly infectious disease”可知，武汉封城是为了控制这种具有高度传染性的新冠病毒，倒数第二段最后一句话“He said he is touched by the___33___Wuhan residents have made to contain the outbreak.”中的“contain”也是提示，故A项（contain）正确。‎ ‎【答案】36. Unfortunately 37. rising 38. for 39. It 40. Built 41. visitors 42. religious 43. needed 44. a 45. that ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴黎圣母院大火及其造成的损失。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：不幸的是，‎4月16日，一场大火烧毁了这座拥有850年历史的大教堂的尖顶和三分之二的屋顶。修饰整个句子用副词，根据“a fire destroyed the spire(尖顶) of the 850-year-old cathedral, and two-thirds of the roof.”可知此处表示“不幸的是”，故填Unfortunately。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们可以看到火焰从巴黎圣母院顶部升起。see sb./sth. doing表示“看见某人/物正在……”，此处用的是被动语态，sb./sth. be seen doing表示“某人/物被看到正在……”，故填rising。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：巴黎市民聚集在大教堂周围，为数百名救火队员祈祷。pray for sb.表示“为某人祈祷”，故填for。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形式主语。句意：难怪人们会感到悲伤。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，故填It。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：它建于1163年，是世界上最著名的旅游景点之一，每年吸引约1200万游客。it与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语，故填Built。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意同上，作动词attracting的宾语用名词，根据“about 12 million”可知此处表示“游客”，而且用可数名词复数形式，故填visitors。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：巴黎圣母院收藏着许多宗教艺术品、绘画和雕塑。修饰名词artworks用形容词，故填religious。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：尽管历史悠久，收藏的珍品很多，但巴黎圣母院需要一位作家的帮忙才能真正出名。根据“Victor Hugo’s 1831 novel,”可知，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填needed。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：维克多雨果1831年的小说《巴黎圣母院》向广大读者展示了这座建筑。audience 是集合名词，前面用不定冠词修饰，表示“某一群观众”，wide的发音以辅音音素开头，a wide audience of readers表示“广泛的读者群体、广大读者”，故填a。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查同位语从句。句意：他写这本书是为了提醒人们，希望他们能保护巴黎美丽的老建筑。此处为同位语从句，解释hope的具体内容，从句成分完整，所以用that仅起连接作用，无实义，故填that。‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)‎ 第一节 ‎【答案】Dear William,‎ I am so excited to learn that you are planning to travel to another historical city in China. I think Xi’an is a good choice.‎ Your journey to Xi’an will be one of ancient wonders. As the capital city for 13 dynasties, it is home to countless historic relics.‎ If you decide to travel to Xi’an, you can choose a hotel near the Ancient City Wall, which ‎ provides both good views and convenient transportation. ‎ I am sure you will enjoy yourself in this historic city!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假如你是李华，在你校学习的英国交换生William对中国历史很感兴趣，打算在暑假出去旅游。他给你来信，请你帮他推荐一座中国历史文化名城。请你用英语回复邮件，内容包括：1. 你的推荐；2. 推荐理由；3. 食宿建议。时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； choice（选择），Ancient City Wall（古长城），convenient（便利的），historic relics（历史遗迹），dynasty（朝代），wonder（奇迹），countless（无数的）及transportation（交通）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有plan to do（计划做……），be home to（是……的所在地），decide to do（决定做某事）以及enjoy oneself（玩得开心），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句和状语从句“If you decide to travel to Xi’an , you can choose a hotel near the Ancient City Wall, which provides both good views and convenient transportation.”，宾语从句“I am so excited to learn that you are planning to travel to another historical city in China.”及“I am sure you will enjoy yourself in this historic city!”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎ 第二节 ‎【答案】Paragraph 1:‎ I was already at the mall door when Mathew caught up with me. “Do you have $750 plus $25 for delivery, ma’am?” “Yes. Yes. That’s about all I have,” “Well then, you just have your husband sitting at the front gate on Friday morning around 10 o’clock so he can be there when my Dad and I come to unload his new canoe. We’ll even put a bow on it for his birthday.” I started to cry. My ‎ old hand shook as I wrote out my cheque.‎ Paragraph 2:‎ ‎“Ma’am. There’s something you should know. This store was my Grandpa’s and the canoe had been ordered by him. He always promised to retire one day and said he wanted to spend time relaxing and out fishing in a canoe.” He swallowed hard. “My Grandpa died, sudden-like, just last week. He was only 68 years old. I think he’d be mighty happy that your husband will get this canoe. You just have to make sure he uses it a lot, okay? Promise?” “I promise,” I said as I dashed off to look for my dear sweet husband.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一篇读后续写。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一篇读后续写：阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，注意续写的词数为150左右，时态应为一般过去时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； unload（卸），bow（蝴蝶结），cheque（支票），shake（颤抖）， retire（退休），swallow （吞咽），promise(承诺)及relax（放松）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有start to do（开始做……），write out（写出），dash off (匆忙完成)，look for（寻找），spend time doing（花时间做某事）以及make sure（确保），而且还使用了状语从句“Well then, you just have your husband sitting at the front gate on Friday morning around 10 o’clock so he can be there when my Dad and I come to unload his new canoe.”，“I said as I dashed off to look for my dear sweet husband.”及“My old hand shook as I wrote out my cheque.”，宾语从句“I think he’d be mighty happy that your husband will get this canoe.”及“He always promised to retire one day and said he wanted to spend time relaxing and out fishing in a canoe.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎