专题02+阅读理解记叙文-备战2018年高考英语之阅读类试题解题妙招

专题02+阅读理解记叙文-备战2018年高考英语之阅读类试题解题妙招

要求考生阅读5篇短文，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容。体裁多样，以记叙文、议论文、说明文为主。‎ 考查主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、篇章结构等题型。‎ ‎【备考启示】‎ 在复习中应着重加大语篇分析的训练，提高学生语篇分析能力和语言的综合运用能力，要精选一些短文阅读试题进行渐进式的强化练习，注重做题时间的控制和阅读速度的定量提高。从练入手强化知识的运用，从分析入手注重能力的提高，从结果入手寻找适应的差距。要尽可能使自己始终处于积极的思维状态，充分调动大脑中的语言知识，在训练中不断地加以分析、辨异、综合、深化，使整个复习过程处于不断变化、提高、求新、向高考目标接近的运动状态之中。 ‎ ‎  要做好阅读理解，提高阅读能力，就必须扩大阅读量，探求阅读方法。对于这方面我们主要加强对以下四个方面的模块训练，一是＂理解主旨要义＂，二是＂理解文中具体信息＂，三是＂根据上下文推断生词的词义＂，四是＂做出简单的判断和推理＂。学生复习阅读，首先要对照《考纲》对阅读提出的六点能力要求，（1）理解主旨和要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义； （4）作出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。检查一下自己在这六个方面中存在的缺陷。要求学生做到持之以恒，要求每天阅读三到四篇，限时21-28分钟。 ‎ ‎  在训练中努力培养学生的学科意识和学科思维能力。提高＂识别考点，寻找已知条件、排错求证＂的思维能力。因为复习本身也是一种再创造活动。‎ 一、方法概述 记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生，发展，高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是 ＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。‎ 二、命题方式 考点一 细节事实理解 ‎ 一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。 细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。‎ 此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问： ‎1.Which of the following statements is(not) true/correct? ‎2.Which of the following is not mentioned? ‎3.All of the following are true except... ‎4.According to the passage, when/where/why/how/how/what/which,etc...？‎ ‎1.直接事实题 ‎ 在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。 如：‎ A giant dam was built many years ago to control the Colorado River in the U.S. This dam was built to protect the land and houses around the river.‎ This huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road, which is on the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. The elevator goes down forty-four stories from the road to the bottom. There is enough concrete in this dam to build a highway from New York to San Francisco. Thousands of people worked on this dam for five years.‎ This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of the United States. Hoover Dam, one of the highest dams in the world, is situated between the states of Arizona and Nevada. ‎ Q：Hoover Dam lies______ .‎ A. between Arizona and Nevada B. in the Black Canyon C. between New York and San Francisco D. both A and B ‎【解析】由第二段的第一句话和最后一段的最后一句话可得出正确答案是D项。‎ ‎2.间接事实题 ‎ 解答此类题，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。‎ Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian, host of the well-received TV programme ＂Stars Tonight＂，Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991, appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.‎ Born in Shanghai and taken to Hongkong when she was only six years old, Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cathay Airline for seven years. However, it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.‎ ‎＂It’s really a hard job for me. I won’t enter for such competition any more. Anyhow, I am quite lucky. I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title. This time, in Shanghai, I’d love to make a deep impression on my TV audience，＂said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.‎ Q：Which of the following is NOT true?‎ A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.‎ B. Luo Lin moved to Hongkong with her parents.‎ C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.‎ D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia. ‎ ‎3. 数据推算。‎ If you register both the VIEW qualification course and the Forum at the same time, you will save_______ .‎ A. $100　 B.$300　 C.$350　 D.$400 ‎ 这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：‎ ‎1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。‎ ‎2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。‎ ‎3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。‎ 考点二 主题理解或写作意图推断 ‎ 一、主旨阅读理解题考查的内容 ‎1.短文的标题（title,headline）； ‎2.短文或段落的主题（subject）； ‎3.中心思想(main idea)； ‎4.作者的写作目的(purpose)。 二、此类题的设问方式 ‎1.What would be the best title for the text? ‎2.What does the second paragraph mainly discuss? ‎3.What is the passage mainly about? ‎4.The main purpose of announcing the above events is__________. 考点三 推理推断 ‎ 推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。 此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, conclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有： ‎1.We can infer from the Passage that__________. ‎2.What can be inferred from the Passage? ‎3.Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage? ‎4.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that__________. ‎5.The author suggests in this paragraph that__________. ‎6.The writer implies that__________. ‎7.It can be inferred that__________. ‎8.It can be concluded from the Passage that__________. ‎9.On the whole, we can conclude that__________. ‎10.From the text we can conclude that__________. ‎11.After reading the Passage we may conclude that__________. ‎12.What conclusion can be drawn from the Passage? ‎13.The author is inclined to think that__________. ‎14.When the writer talks about, what he really means is that__________. ‎15.What’s the writer’s attitude/feeling towards...? ‎16.In the writer’s opinion,... 考点四 词义、句义猜测。‎ 词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。 此类题的设问方式主要有 ‎1.The word ＂...＂in Line...means/can be replaced by... ‎2.As used in the passage, the phrase ＂...＂suggests... ‎3.From the passage, we can infer that the word/phrase ＂...＂ is/referred to...‎ ‎4.The word ＂...＂ is closest in meaning to...‎ 猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会＂顺藤摸瓜＂，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。‎ ‎1.定义法。如：‎ Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.‎ 句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即 ＂退火＂。‎ It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is,it will break easily.‎ 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle是＂脆＂的意思。‎ The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.‎ 定语从句中 looks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为＂牧人＂。‎ ‎2.同位法。如：‎ They traveled a long way and at last got to a castle,a large building in old times.‎ 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即＂城堡＂。‎ We are on the night shift—from midnight to 8 A. m.—this week.‎ 两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是＂夜班＂的意思。‎ ‎3.对比法。如：‎ She is usually prompt for all her class,but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.‎ but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是＂她今天第一节上了一半才来＂，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向＂准时＂的结论。‎ ‎4.构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)。如：‎ Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years.But the next hundred?‎ possibility 是 possible的同根名词，据此可以判断定possibility 意思是＂可能性＂。‎ ‎5.因果法。如：‎ The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again.‎ 从后面的结果＂永远不能再运动＂中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为＂永远的，永久＂。‎ 高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。‎ 要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。‎ 一、记叙文写作特点 ‎ 记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。‎ ‎ 就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。‎ 二、记叙文命题特点 ‎ 从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。‎ 三、记叙文答题技巧 ‎ ‎ ‎ 一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。‎ No.1 顺藤摸瓜 ‎ ‎ 记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。‎ No.2 左顾右盼 ‎ ‎ 在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。‎ No.3 刨根问底 ‎ ‎ 如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂What can be inferred from …?＂或是What does the author imply in…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。‎ No.4 拨云见日 ‎ ‎ 每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。‎ 这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。‎ 题组一(2017年高考真题)‎ Passage 1（2017·新课标卷II）‎ I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and ‎ the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.‎ The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.‎ We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back— he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.‎ I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.‎ ‎24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?‎ A. Paul Newman wanted it.‎ B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.‎ C. He wasn’t famous enough.‎ D. The director recommended someone else.‎ ‎25.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?‎ A. They were of the same age.‎ B. They worked in the same theater.‎ C. They were both good actors.‎ D. They have similar characteristics.‎ ‎26.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A. Their belief.‎ B. Their care for children.‎ C. Their success.‎ D. Their support for each other.‎ ‎27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?‎ A. To show his love of films.‎ B. To remember a friend.‎ C. To introduce a new movie.‎ D. To share his acting experience.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让 ‎24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well ‎ known as Paul”可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。‎ ‎25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: ‎ humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。‎ ‎26.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据“We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should ‎ put something back”，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈。下文“he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival”是作者举的例子，因此“sharing that brought us together.”that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。‎ ‎27.B 【解析】写作意图题。根据“I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and ‎ I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it”可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”，可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。‎ Passage 2（2017·新课标卷III）‎ Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end.‎ ‎ The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.‎ Bradford‎ said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theater’s location(位置) was also a reason. ＂This used to be the center of town,＂ he said. ＂Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.＂‎ Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.‎ The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.‎ ‎24. In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?‎ ‎ A. It made room for new equipment.‎ ‎ B. It signaled the closedown of the theater.‎ ‎ C. It was done with the help of the audience.‎ ‎ D. It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.‎ ‎25. Why was The Last Picture Show put on?‎ ‎ A. It was an all-time classic. ‎ B. It was about the history of the town.‎ ‎ C. The audience requested it. ‎ D. The theater owner found it suitable.‎ ‎26. What will probably happen to the building?‎ ‎ A. It will be repaired. B. It will be turned into a museum.‎ ‎ C. It will be knocked down. D. It will be sold to the city government. ‎ ‎27. What can we infer about the audience?‎ A. They are disappointed with Bradford. ‎ B. They are sad to part with the old theater. ‎ C. They are supportive of the city officials. ‎ D. They are eager to have a shopping center. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争而被转售的故事。‎ ‎25.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，剧院老板选择这部电影是因为这部电影本身讲述的就是小镇上唯一的电影院准备关门停业的故事，与Plaza Theater的现状一样。‎ ‎26.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段末句中的＂which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.＂可以推断出这个剧院将被拆除，取而代之的是一个现代的购物中心。‎ ‎27.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的＂most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building＂可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。‎ Passage 3（2017·北京卷）‎ It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.‎ ‎ Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Paris’s eyes rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”‎ ‎ It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical ‎ care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”‎ ‎ CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.‎ Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.‎ Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned.‎ ‎“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.”‎ Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.‎ Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”‎ ‎56.What happened to Paris on a March day?‎ A. She caught a bad cold.‎ B. She had a sudden heart problem.‎ C. She was knocked down by a ball.‎ D. She shivered terribly during practice.‎ ‎57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?‎ A. She made a worthy friend.‎ B. She recovered from shock.‎ C. She received immediate CPR.‎ D. She came back on the softball team.‎ ‎58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?‎ A. Enthusiastic and kind.‎ B. Courageous and calm.‎ C. Cooperative and generous.‎ D. Ambitious and professional.‎ ‎【文章大意】讲述Taylor Bisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。‎ ‎56.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.可知Paris是突然的心力衰竭，肯定是心脏问题，故答案为B。‎ ‎58.B 【解析】推理判断题。Taylor根据自己所学的CPR知识及时挽救了 Paris的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是很快地进行CPR抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，不像其他孩子那样陷入惊慌之中，故选B。‎ Passage 4（2017·天津卷）‎ Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.‎ ‎ Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.‎ ‎ Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.‎ ‎ Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.‎ ‎ This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is ‎ captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.‎ ‎ Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.‎ ‎ That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.‎ ‎41. What happened when the author was about to take a photo?‎ A. Her camera stopped working.‎ B. A woman blocked her view.‎ C. Someone asked her to leave.‎ D. A friend approached from behind.‎ ‎42. According to the author, the woman was probably___________.‎ A. enjoying herself B. losing her patience C. waiting for the sunset D. thinking about her past ‎43. In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive?‎ A. The rich color of the landscape.‎ B. The perfect positioning of the camera.‎ C. The woman’s existence in the photo.‎ D. The soft sunlight that summer day.‎ ‎44. The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ____________.‎ A. the need to be close to nature B. the importance of private space C. the joy of the vacation in Italy D. the shared passion for beauty ‎45. The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon _____________.‎ A. a particular life experience B. the pleasure of traveling C. the art of photography D. a lost friendship ‎【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一次旅行的特殊经历带给作者的深思和感悟。‎ ‎41.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第二段第一句Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view可知选B。‎ ‎42.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段的句子She seemed so content in her observation.可知选A。‎ ‎44.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第五段的句子This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.可知选D。‎ ‎45.A 【解析】考查推理判断。最后两段内容是作者对这次特殊经历的感悟，所以这篇文章可以看做是作者对一次特殊经历的深入思考。故选A。‎ ‎ ‎ 题组一(2016年高考真题)‎ Passage1(2016·全国新课标I，C)‎ ‎ I am peter Hodes , a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time. ‎ ‎ I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: ＂Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.＂ So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: ＂In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.＂ She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for mere-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.‎ ‎ For this courier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.‎ ‎29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word ＂courier＂ in Paragraph1？‎ A provider B delivery man ‎ C collector D medical doctor ‎30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?‎ A.  He cannot stay away from his job too long.‎ B. The donor can only wait for that long.‎ C. The operation needs that very much.‎ D. The ice won’t last any longer.‎ ‎31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?‎ A.  To London         B. To  Newark ‎ C. To Providence        D. To Washington ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。‎ ‎30. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D 。‎ ‎31.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段末句 She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed me through Newark 可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选 B。‎ Passage2(2016·新课标全国卷II，B)‎ ‎ Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said:＂Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today - and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.＂‎ ‎ A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.‎ ‎ Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.‎ ‎ Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, ＂But I’m just not creative.＂‎ ‎ ＂Do you dream at night when you’re asleep?＂‎ ‎ ＂Oh, sure.＂‎ ‎ ＂So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.＂ The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. ＂That’s pretty creative. Who does that for you?＂‎ ‎ ＂Nobody. I do it.＂‎ ‎ ＂Really-at night, when you’re asleep?＂‎ ‎ ＂Sure.＂‎ ‎ ＂Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?＂‎ ‎25. The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ________?‎ A. know more about the students. ‎ B. make the lessons more exciting. ‎ C. raise the students’ interest in art. ‎ D. teach the students about toy design.‎ ‎26. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?‎ A. He liked to help his teacher. B. He preferred to study alone. ‎ C. He was active in class. D. He was imaginative.‎ ‎27. What does the underlined word ＂downside＂ in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ A. Mistake. B. Drawback. ‎ C. Difficulty. D. Burden.‎ ‎28. Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?‎ ‎ A. To help them to see their creativity. ‎ B. To find out about their sleeping habits. ‎ C. To help them to improve their memory.‎ D. To find out about their ways of thinking.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，作者通过让学生拼装玩具发现并鼓励学生的创造性和想象力。‎ ‎26.D 【解析】推理判断题。文章第三段第一句中提到的这个男孩在空闲时间拼装这些玩具，而且他的作品堆满了艺术教室的架子，家里的卧室里也有很多。第三段倒数第三句＂Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work＂说明他是一个很有想象力和创造性的人。故D项正确。‎ ‎27.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线单词后一句＂I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.＂可知我冒着失去那些有不同思维方式的学生的危险。说明我的这种教育方法也有不足之处。故划线词意为＂drawback缺点＂。故B正确。‎ ‎28.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后七段中的对话内容可知作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的、有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容做出来。作者这样做的目的就是为了让他们发现自己的创造性和想象力。故A正确。‎ Passage3(2016·北京，B)‎ Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)‎ ‎ Natalie Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. ＂It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,＂ she says.‎ ‎ On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed.‎ ‎ When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.‎ ‎ In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. ‎ Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.‎ ‎ ＂My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,＂ Natalie says. ＂but I can always choose how I deal with it.＂‎ ‎ Natalie’s choice was to help.‎ ‎ She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced.‎ ‎ In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.‎ ‎ Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. ＂I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,＂ Natalie declares. ＂My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.＂‎ ‎59.When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane ,she found______.‎ A. some friends had lost their lives B. her neighborhood was destroyed C. her school had moved to Brooklyn D. the elderly were free from suffering ‎60.According to paragraph4, who inspired Natalie most?‎ A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild B. The people trapped in high-rise building C. The volunteers donating money to survivors D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people ‎61.How did Natalie help the survivors?‎ A. She gave her toys to the kids B. She took care of younger children C. She called on the White House to help D. She built an information sharing platform ‎62.What does the story intend to tell us?‎ A. Little people can make a big difference B.A friend in need is a friend indeed C. East or West, home is best D. Technology is power ‎【文章大意】Natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方Brooklyn遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie也加入了进去，Natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要的受助者。Natalie的行为得到了社会的认可和表扬。‎ ‎60.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段＂In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.＂可知，那些帮助Rockaway恢复重建的人给了Natalie鼓舞，故选A。‎ ‎61.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段＂She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.＂可知，Natalie创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选D。‎ ‎62.A 【解析】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段＂Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.＂可知，Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬，说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。‎ Passage 4(2016·天津，B)‎ Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.‎ My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.‎ I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working ‎ toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a ＂vo-tech＂ student(技校学生). They’re called ＂motorheads＂ by the rest of the student body.‎ When a secretary in my office first called him ＂motorhead＂, I was shocked. ＂Hey, he’s a good kid,＂ I wanted to say. ＂And smart, really.＂‎ I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).‎ ‎ But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. ＂Hey, I can fix it,＂ said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.‎ ‎ My son ,with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts(零件）from a junkyard, non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbours and co-workers trust their car repair to him.‎ Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him. ‎ These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes. ‎ I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else. ‎ My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.‎ ‎41. What used to be the author’s hope for his son?‎ A. To avoid becoming his clone.‎ B. To resemble him in appearance.‎ C. To develop in a different direction.‎ D. To reach the author’s unachieved goals.‎ ‎42. What can we learn about the author’s children?‎ A. His daughter does better in school.‎ B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.‎ C. His son tried hard to finish homework.‎ D. His son couldn’t write his book reports.‎ ‎43. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_______.‎ A. his son had the ability to fix it.‎ B. it would save him much time.‎ C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss D. other motorheads would come to help.‎ ‎44. In the author’s eyes, motorheads are _______.‎ A. tidy and hardworking B. cheerful and smart C. lazy but bright D. relaxed but rude ‎45. What did the author realize in the end?‎ A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.‎ B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.‎ C. Architects play a more important role than builders.‎ D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，完成他没有实现的目标。但是他的儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的车坏了，儿子和同学帮助作者修好了车，让作者改变了自己的看法。‎ ‎41. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could accomplish what you hoped for.可知，作者希望儿子完成他没有实现的目标。故选D。‎ ‎42. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的句子My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English，可知，作者的女儿学习很好。故选A。‎ ‎44.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的句子These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are in living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright…，可知，在作者眼中，motorhead是令人兴奋的，聪明的。故选B。‎ ‎45.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的句子Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else，可知，作者最后意识到期望孩子走自己的 道路这是不明智的。故选A。‎ Passage1（2017届山西省晋中市高考模拟）‎ Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer ＂psychological first aid＂ and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激) from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadn’t really done anything yet.‎ I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend’s mother passed away unexpectedly. I had received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn’t want to intrude (打扰) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, ＂Just go. Just be there.＂ I did, and I will never regret it.‎ Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS — related dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others’ presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.‎ In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It is not only something we give to others but also changes me for the better.‎ ‎1.Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?‎ A. He built shelters for them.‎ B. He gave immediate first aid to them.‎ C. He came to stay with them.‎ D. He brought mental health professionals.‎ ‎2.What did the author do when his friend’s mother passed away?‎ A. He hesitated over whether to go.‎ B. He went to his friends’ at once.‎ C. He knew what to do instantly.‎ D. He decided not to disturb.‎ ‎3.What does the underlined word ＂solemn＂ in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. Heavy but warm. ‎ B. A little sad but cosy.‎ C. Relaxing and delightful. ‎ D. Very serious and unhappy.‎ ‎4.What has the author learned from his experience?‎ A. A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ B. Being present can make a big difference.‎ C. The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.‎ D. Being a volunteer can make one’s life more significant.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。经过几次出现在诸如灾难现场、失去亲人的朋友家里等，作者体会到出现产生的巨大力量，因为这不仅帮助了别人，也提高了自己。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段末we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激)from the first person we met….I hadn’t really done anything yet.可知，我们只是和他们见面，还没有做什么，故选C。‎ ‎3.D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句中His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.可知，当时气氛并不严肃，故选D。‎ ‎4.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第 4 段中In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.可知，每次的出现都会产生很大的影响，故选B。‎ Passage2（2017届河北衡水中学高三七调）‎ ‎ Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10.It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail-95 miles from Lolo Montana to ‎ Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail.‎ When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass,140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug.12,1805,he was astonished by what was in front of him; ＂high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow.＂ Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.‎ Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的)gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.z.x.xk The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊）.There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.‎ ‎1. We learn from the text that before 1805 .‎ A. The Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snow B. there were no people living in the western part of America C.no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky Mountains D. the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States ‎2.We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass .‎ A. has changed a lot since 1805 ‎ B.is the meeting point of three cultures C. remains much the same as it was 200 years ago ‎ D. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit ‎3.Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably .‎ A. two native Indians ‎ B. explorers of the early 19th century C. merchants who did business with the Indians D. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass ‎4.We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author .‎ A. was attempting the impossible ‎ B. was trying to set a world record C. was following the trail of Lewis and Clark ‎ D. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks ‎【文章大意】本文纪录的是一次追寻前人足迹的探险，尽管天气、路程等的艰难，但是在作者看来却是已经赶上了以前的探险者。‎ ‎2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.可知答案为C。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的描述，以及第三段the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred的提示可知，他们是探险者，故选B。‎ ‎4.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知，作者他们是沿着Lewis and Clark的足迹进行探险的。‎ Passage3（2018届山西省实验中学高三年级模考）‎ Taylore is a kid who passes by to ride sometimes and help us with chores. Barely 15, she’s never short of advice, and one of her favorite pastimes is teasing me about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.‎ ‎ Last summer four of us rode down the trail behind our woods: my wife Karen, Taylore, Taylore’s friend Kendall and me. I was riding my 13-year-old, Tawny.‎ ‎ We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,　I pushed Tawny into a gallop（飞驰）. The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.‎ ‎ Taylore brushed past my left leg and, seconds later, Kendall went by on my right. I realized Tawny was covering ground faster than I’d ever seen her. She strained every muscle in her ‎ body to catch up with the girls. It was like a truck winding over a mountain road without brakes (闸). Part of me felt perfectly in control, while another part screamed that I wasn’t.‎ ‎ In half a mile I knew we’d be crossing the highway, so I prayed that the girls would be fine. I gave up calculating how long it might take before my horse would be tried enough to want to slow down.‎ ‎ I was just about out of answers when I saw the girls slowing in front of me. Their horses were relaxed and comfortable, not even breathing hard. Taylore’s face glowed. She gave me a high five. ＂Wow, you did well, ＂she said. ＂ I knew you’d go fast when you were ready.＂‎ ‎ No one in the group had even broken a sweat, except me. I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. Karen claims I was showing off for the girls that day, and maybe she’s right. But I think I had something to prove. Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart. And, like a horse on a warm summer day, I’m always ready to kick up my heels.‎ ‎1. How did the race between the girls and the author begin?‎ ‎ A. His horse’s gallop made the other horses want to catch up.‎ ‎ B. He wanted to show off his riding skills for the girls.‎ ‎ C. They wanted to know whose horse could run fastest.‎ ‎ D. They teased him about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.‎ ‎2. During the race, ___________.‎ A. the author’s horse outran the girl’s horses the whole time B. the author was confident that Tawny was in control C. the girls were so anxious to win that they sweated a lot D. the author’s good performance took Taylore by surprise ‎3. When the race ended, the author’s heart pounded because ________.‎ A. he was feeling thrilled and young B. it was really tough exercise for him C. he was worried that the girls might be in danger D. he felt quite embarrassed that he had lost the race ‎4. The phrase ＂ kick up my heels＂ at the end can be replaced by _________.‎ A. devote myself ‎ B. enjoy myself C. accept my challenge ‎ D. take part in running competition ‎【文章大意】文章描述作者和两个女孩骑马比赛，这让作者感到兴奋，也感到虽然自己上了年纪，但是有一颗年轻的心。‎ ‎1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的＂We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,I pushed Tawny into a gallop(飞驰). The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.＂可知，作者的马飞驰起来使得其它马想要赶上。故选A。‎ ‎2. D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的＂Taylore’s face glowed. She gave me a high five. ‘Wow, you did well,’ she said.’I knew you’d go fast when you were ready.’＂可知，作者的出色的表现让Taylore 很惊讶。故选D。‎ ‎3. A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的＂I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. …Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart.＂可知，比赛结束的时候，作者的心狂跳因为他感觉兴奋而且年轻。故选A。‎ ‎4. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的＂like a horse on a warm summer day,＂可知，作者感觉 自己像温暖夏日的马，总是准备好享受一番。故选B。‎ Passage4（2018届山西省运城市高三上学期期中考试）‎ My daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up situations, and is hesitant to try new things. When with close friends, she becomes a leader who laughs loudly and chants. “Girls rule, boys drool.” But when that comfort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.‎ This has been challenging for me at times. “Shy” is not a word that I think has ever been used to describe me. But this has been year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of confidence. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she completed her first kids’ triathlon（三项全能）.‎ On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my son’s birthday party later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon. ‎ We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her, we got all the equipment she’d need, and we kept talking about the race. But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her turn, she held my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times. She was nervous but trying to keep it together.‎ And then it was her turn. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart soared. My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.‎ I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life. It wasn’t because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn’t seen before.‎ All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day. I won the chance to see my girl shine.‎ Shine on, sweet baby.‎ ‎1.Kelly is nervous when ________.‎ A. boys are around her B. she changes into a leader C. she is away from her mom D. situations are new to her ‎2.We can learn from Paragraph 3 that______.‎ A. the race began in the early morning B. Kelly was eager for her turn in the race C. the whole family gave Kelly support D. her brother’s birthday party was delayed.‎ ‎3.In the ending paragraphs the author “felt like I won that day” because Kelly________.‎ A. Took part in the sport B. Expressed love to her C. Won the gold medal D. Changed completely ‎4.What kind of person do you think Kelly is?‎ A. Timid and determined B. Cute and confident C. Fearful and energetic D. Sociable and brave ‎【文章大意】本文讲述了“我”的女儿Kelly是个慢热型的人,和陌生人在一起她会很紧张很害羞，看到女儿赢得奖牌是作为父母最大的荣耀。‎ ‎1.D 【解析】考查文章细节理解，根据文章中第一段所描述的She needs to warm up to situations，is hesitant to try new things以及But when that comfort zone is not around her，she is shy and nervous.，可知Kelly是一个慢热型的人，如果有新的情况，必然需要一段较长的时间适应，故选D。‎ ‎2.C 【解析】考查文章细节理解，根据第三段中的We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her，we got all the equipment she’d need，and we kept talking about the race，可知道作者全家都是在给Kelly加油的，故本题选C。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句when that comfort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.和倒数第二段最后一句It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn’t seen before.由此可知Kelly有点害羞，又意志坚定。故选A。‎ ‎ ‎ Passage1‎ I was in the Santa Cruz Mountains not long ago, speaking and singing at a women’s conference. We were focusing on the theme of loving others in practical ways through our gifts, and something in particular happened during one of the sessions will remain imprinted in my memory.‎ A young Syrian woman (Lilith) was invited to the conference at the last minute, and everyone seemed surprised and delighted that she’d actually come. Just a few days earlier, Lilith had fled her country and found refuge with one of the women attending the conference. As an Orthodox ‎ Christian in Syria, she and her loved ones had become attacked targets of violent terrorist groups in the country’s ongoing civil war.‎ Lilith had witnessed horrors no one of her young age should ever see. Despite the further danger it presented, she’d decided to leave her home and her family to find safety here in America. Knowing some of her story, and seeing her sitting through the sessions at the retreat — head, covered in a scarf, bowed toward the floor — broke my heart.‎ Lilith’s story touched all of us, including Pam, who was a quilt maker. Pam had just finished a beautiful quilt, and had brought it with her. She, along with a few of the leaders, decided to give it to Lilith as a symbol of their comfort and love. Lilith had left her own mother behind in her homeland, and I can’t imagine how frightened and alone she felt. But I could see there were lots of ＂mamas＂ in this community of women who were more than ready to love her.‎ During our last session, Lilith was called forward and prayed over, hugged, and wrapped up in that beautiful quilt. I thought of the many hours Pam undoubtedly spent working on it, and the terrible events that led Lilith to this moment — surrounded by the beauty and love the quilt embodied. I wept. When they told her it was for her, she wept.‎ ‎1.What is the purpose of the women’s conference?‎ A. To help others in a practical way. ‎ B. To win equal rights for women.‎ C. To get together to dance and sing. ‎ D. To exchange gifts with each other.‎ ‎2.Why did Lilith go to America?‎ A. To attend the women’s conference. B. To find safety.‎ C. To find her family. D. To find a better job.‎ ‎3.The underlined phrase ＂at the retreat＂ is most closest to ＂　　　　＂ in meaning.‎ A. hang back B. hide from others ‎ C. bravely enough D. full of sadness ‎4.From this passage, we know that the writer is 　　　　.‎ A. enthusiastic B. sympathetic ‎ C. intelligent D. talented ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了自己参加爱心妇女大会的经历。叙利亚女子Lilith为了躲避恐怖分子的袭击，来到美国寻求庇护，并得到了作者及其他女士的帮助。‎ ‎1.A 【解析】细节理解题。题干问的是＂这次妇女大会的目的＂。关键词purpose与第一段中的theme意思相近，该词后面的＂of loving others in practical ways through our gifts＂是答案所在。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】细节理解题。题干中的＂Lilith go to America＂是信息词,第三段中的＂she’d decided to leave her home and her family to find safety here in America＂告诉我们，她离开家乡去美国是为了寻找安全。‎ ‎3.A 【解析】短语猜测题。根据该短语后面的内容——头上包着围巾，头压得很低可知，她在会议上畏缩不前，所以该短语的意义是hang back。‎ ‎4.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的＂broke my heart＂和文章最后的＂I wept＂可以推知，作者富有同情心。‎ Passage2‎ When I was in the sixth grade, I became a big K-pop (Korean pop) fan. Almost half the students at my middle school were Korean and almost all of them listened to Korean music, especially K-pop. I had never been interested in it. It sounded too strange to me, but all changed in the sixth grade when the huge hit Gee came out. All my friends were singing the chorus and imitating the dance. Gee fever sucked me into K-pop. It became my life. I listened to K-pop non-stop and filled my iPod with it. In a month, I had memorized the names of countless members of boy and girl bands and stuck pictures of my singer ＂boyfriends＂ on my walls. I would ditch my weekend art and math classes and go to concerts with my friends. This would always result in my mom shouting that I was wasting my life. My mom thought K-pop was trash and wanted me to like classical music as she did. But classical music made me sleepy.‎ Every day during middle school I went to a K-pop gossip and news site called allkpop.com. On this site I learned that I could audition(试音) to become a singer in a K-pop band. The shining clothes, thousands of screaming fans and hearing them chant my name seemed much more exciting than being a middle school student. Becoming a K-pop star was all I wanted.‎ I started watching the audition videos of current stars and reading blog posts from people who had auditioned. They explained much about the audition. This made me want to audition even ‎ more. After watching those videos, I saw that most of the current stars weren’t that amazing in their auditions and that each singer had improved so much through training. I had never had vocal lessons(声乐课) and didn’t think of myself as a good singer. ＂But if they could do it, I could do that too,＂ I thought.‎ ‎1.What caused the author to fall in love with K-pop?‎ A. Her Korean origin. B.A new style of dance.‎ C. Her friends’ influence. D. The popularity of Gee.‎ ‎2.The underlined word ＂ditch＂ in Paragraph 1 probably means ＂________＂.‎ A. forget B. attend C. ignore D. hate ‎3.What do we know about the author’s mother?‎ A. She has no interest in music.‎ B. She has a low opinion of K-pop.‎ C. She doesn’t care about her daughter.‎ D. She prefers K-pop to classical music.‎ ‎4.After visiting allkpop.com, the author ________.‎ A. dreamed of becoming a pop singer B. called the manager of the news site C. contacted people who had auditioned D. knew she would never become a singer ‎【文章大意】作者原来不喜欢韩语流行音乐，但是，韩语专辑Gee发行后，在作者所在的校园风靡一时，作者开始喜欢韩语流行音乐，而且还梦想着成为一名歌星。‎ ‎2.C 【解析】猜测词义题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者喜欢韩语流行音乐，不顾周末的艺术课和数学课，和朋友一起去听音乐会。ditch意为＂摆脱，抛弃＂。因此最佳选项为C。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段的最后两句可知，作者的母亲不喜欢韩语流行音乐，她喜欢古典音乐，并且对韩语流行音乐评价很差。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，中学时期，作者每天都要登录这个网站，了解到想要成为一个歌手可以参加试音，并梦想着成为一个韩语流行歌星。‎ Passage3‎ It happened again last week. Someone I had just met said to me, ＂Do you work in oncology? Isn’t that depressing?＂ I have heard those remarks countless times during my sixteen years’ career as an oncology nurse and my response was always the same. I told them no, and that I loved it. And then I smiled.‎ I work in the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit at North Shore University Hospital in Manhasset. We get to know our patients very well. We learn about their likes and dislikes and what their favorite TV programs are. We get to meet their families and they look at the pictures of ours. They tell us about a favorite vacation they once took and they wish us a good time when we are leaving for one. They tell us to enjoy every moment of the day because we never know when life is going to change.‎ I am thinking of a recent experience we had with our patient Jim, a thirty-six-year-old man with four children under the age of six. He was diagnosed with a serious disease one year ago and was facing the very real possibility that he did not have a long time to live. Jim decided to try for some experimental treatment.‎ Jim worked a miracle. It is Easter Sunday now and Jim is home with his family. An important reason why I work in oncology is that sometimes, not usually, not even very often, miracles do happen. When they do, I am filled with gratitude and pride. As a nurse, I can be a part of that miraculous process.‎ Now you know why I smile when people ask me if I find oncology nursing depressing. I recall all the miracles I have seen, I remember what my patients have told me and I can’t help but smile.‎ ‎1.The reason why the author chose to be an oncology nurse is that 　　　.‎ A. the author can hope for miracles to happen B. the author can work miracles for patients C. the author is proud of the patients’ miracles D. miracles may happen through the author’s care ‎2.According to the text, we can infer that the job as an oncology nurse is 　　　.‎ A. not liked by most of the people B. respected by most of the people C. looked down upon by patients D. aid little by the boss ‎3.We know the following based on the passage EXCEPT 　　　.‎ ‎ A. he writer became an oncology nurse 16 years ago ‎ B. nurses at North Shore University Hospital get along very well with patients ‎ C. patients don’t like to talk with nurses because of the pain they suffer ‎ D. nurses in the hospital are responsible ‎4.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?‎ A. Why Did I Choose to Be a Nurse?‎ B. My Career, My Life C. Stories About Patients ‎ D. My Hospital ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。大多数人都认为肿瘤科护士这一职业是让人感到很压抑的，然而我却挚爱着这个职业。有时会有病人痊愈的奇迹发生，而我就是这奇迹创造过程中的一分子。‎ ‎1.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知,当奇迹发生时,我就是这个奇迹创造过程中的一分子。因此D项正确。‎ ‎3.C 【解析】细节理解题。C项与第二段中的后两句矛盾,因此C项错误。A项正确是因为其与第一段中的＂I have heard those remarks countless times during my sixteen years’ career＂吻合;B项正确是因为其与第二段描述的内容吻合;D项正确是因为可从文章第二段中的＂We get to know our patients... TV programs are＂得出依据。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】标题归纳题。全文主要谈论的是我选择护士职业的理由，因此A项正确。而B项作为文章标题过大；C项以偏概全，不能作为文章的标题；D项显然是对医院的阐述，不符合语篇主旨。‎ Passage4‎ When I recently revealed to my friends, colleagues, and family members that I would be moving my family to Israel, the reactions were numerous and varied. Some people said it was an expected thing while others asked: Why now? What will you do?‎ For me, making the move to Israel is the fulfillment of a dream that has lasted for my 47 years of life. I have always known that Israel is my home. Over the years Israel has been in my heart, but I have found a number of reasons to put off making it my permanent residence: kids, the economy, education...you name an excuse, and at some point I have probably used it.‎ Truthfully, I believe that I was always just a little bit scared. And of course I still am, with the fear factor that is reported by the press surrounding the Israeli military and economy. However, it has come to the point when I have realized that for over 2 000 years we yearned for this land, and for 47 years I have denied the opportunity to make it my home. I am finally ready to fully grasp this opportunity.‎ Over the years, I have always loved visiting Israel. I have traveled there with my family, and enjoyed introducing thousands of travelers to the country. All of these things that I have come to love about Israel as a tourist are because I get to love my home. And as far as waiting for the ＂perfect＂ condition under which to make aliyah, I believe the time is now!‎ I have been asked many times if I am nervous about moving to Israel. Before I answer, I remember that we have overcome the Greeks, the Romans, the Russian killings, Hitler and the Holocaust(大屠杀), and the armies of seven countries.‎ How can I not feel confident that I, and my family, will overcome any difficulties that may come our way? I am not worrying, complaining, crying, or fearing as I prepare to make aliyah. I am proud and excited to say that I am fulfilling a 47-year-old dream; I am going home.‎ ‎1.What does the author want to say in the passage?‎ A. His dream is to come true after 47 years.‎ B. It is a dilemma for him to return to Israel.‎ C. He didn’t live a happy life in Israel.‎ D. It is a latest trend to fulfill everyone’s dream.‎ ‎2.The author didn’t return to Israel before because 　　　.‎ A. his children mainly held him back B. he failed to get determined C. he didn’t save enough money D. he hoped to finish his education ‎3.What does the underlined part ＂make aliyah＂ mean in the passage?‎ A. To return to Israel. B. To make a decision.‎ C. To live happily. D. To catch a chance.‎ ‎4.It can be inferred from the passage that 　　　.‎ A. the author will be happy to meet his relatives in Israel B. Israel is a familiar word but a strange place for the author C. the Israeli suffered a lot in the history D. Israel is still a place between war and chaos ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇讲述个人经历的记叙文。‎ ‎1.A 【解析】主旨大意题。作者在文中叙述了自己经历了在外流浪的47年后，决定带着家人回到以色列，使自己多年的梦想得以实现的故事，由此可知答案。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】细节理解题。题目问作者以前没有回以色列的原因。依据第二段的尾句＂...but I have found a number of reasons to put off making it my permanent residence: kids, the economy, education...you name an excuse, and at some point I have probably used it＂可知，以前作者没有做出回以色列的决定是因为找了种种借口，也就是说作者自己没有下定决心。‎ ‎4.C 【解析】 推理判断题。依据倒数第二段中的＂we have overcome the Greeks, the Romans, the Russian killings, Hitler and the Holocaust(大屠杀)...＂可知,以色列人在历史上遭受了很多苦难。‎