【英语】天津市第一中学2020届高三下学期第四次月考试题（解析版）

【英语】天津市第一中学2020届高三下学期第四次月考试题（解析版）

天津市第一中学2020届高三下学期第四次月考 英语试题 第I卷（选择题，共 95 分）‎ 第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）‎ 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎1.The paper was due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into ______ night.‎ A. a, the B. the, / C. a, a D. /, the ‎【答案】A ‎【详解】考查冠词。句意：下个月就要交论文了，我一周工作七天，经常工作到深夜。固定用法：seven days a week“一周七天”；work long into the night“工作到深夜”。故选A。‎ ‎2.Studying hard is, of course, important, but enough res is no doubt ______ or even more important.‎ A. largely B. merely C. equally D. partly ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：努力学习当然很重要，但足够的休息无疑是同等重要的，甚至更重要。A. largely主要地；B. merely仅仅，只不过；C. equally相等地；D. partly部分地。此处是副词修饰形容词。表示同等甚至更重要，故选C。‎ ‎3.______ skills, David is believed to be one of the best and most talented basketball players in our team.‎ A. In need of B. In favor of C. In terms of D. In honor of ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查介词短语。句意：就技术而言，大卫被认为是我们队中最优秀、最有天赋的篮球运动员之一。A. In need of需要；B. In favor of 有利于，支持；C. In terms of就……而言；D. In honor of为了庆祝……，向……表示敬意。此处是“就技术而言”，故选C。‎ ‎4.Believe it or not, some English idioms are very difficult to understand ______ you know the meaning of each word.‎ A. as if B. in case C. now that D. even if ‎【答案】D ‎【详解】考查状语从句。句意：信不信由你，即使你知道每个单词的意思,有些英语习语也很难理解。A. as if好像；B. in case万一；C. now that 既然；D. even if即使。此处是even if引导的让步状语从句。故选D。‎ ‎5.To produce the goods satisfying the environmental ______, the company has brought in advanced technology to remove the chemicals in the course of production.‎ A. burdens B. requirements C. pollution D. evolution ‎【答案】B ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了生产出符合环保要求的产品，公司引进了先进的生产过程中化学物质的去除技术。A. burdens负担；B. requirements要求；C. pollution污染；D. evolution进展。此处指符合环保“要求”的产品。故选B。‎ ‎6.Mr. Li is a good man who always thinks more of others than himself, ______ we should follow the example of.‎ A it B. him C. one D. that ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查代词和同位语。句意：李先生是一个很好的人，他总是为别人着想，而不是自己，我们应该以他为榜样。此处用one替代前面的a good man，并做man的同位语。故选C。‎ ‎7.No country in the world can ______ these problems alone, such as climate change, hunger and disease, etc. Therefore, all the countries should cooperate to get rid of them.‎ A. address B. cancel C. replace D. involve ‎【答案】A ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界上没有任何一个国家能够单独解决这些问题，如气候变化、饥饿和疾病等。因此，所有的国家都应该合作来摆脱它们。A. address设法解决；B. cancel取消；C. replace替代；D. involve涉及。此处指“解决”这些问题。故选A。‎ ‎8.Before we come to a decision, we must make sure we have ______ all the relevant facts.‎ A. set foot on B. set fire to C. made way for D. taken account of ‎【答案】D ‎【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在我们作出决定之前，我们必须确保考虑了所有有关的事实。A. set foot on踏上，进入；B. set fire to点燃；C. made way for 为……让路；D. taken account of考虑到，顾及。此处指“考虑到”有关事实。故选D。‎ ‎9.Delete the short message at once! Many a man ______ by such tricks up to now.‎ A. are cheated B. is cheated C. have been cheated D. has been cheated ‎【答案】D ‎【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：立即删除短消息!到目前为止，许多人都被这种把戏欺骗了。句子中Many a man作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数形式，且和谓语动词cheat之间构成被动关系，再根据up to now，所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态。故选D。‎ ‎10.—I ’ m travelling to Iceland next week. Would you tell me about your experiences there?‎ ‎—______. Let’s talk about it over coffee.‎ A. By all means. B. Take your time.‎ C. That’s all right. D. It’s up to you.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我下周要去冰岛旅行。你能告诉我你在那里的经历吗?——一定。我们边喝咖啡边谈吧。A. By all means.一定，务必；B. Take your time.不急，慢慢来；C. That’s all right.不用谢；D. It’s up to you.完全由你决定。结合句意，故选A。‎ ‎11.Despite some difficulties, there are special moments ______ make it worthwhile for moms to take care of children at home.‎ A. when B. where C. which D. what ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：尽管有一些困难，但也有一些特殊的时刻，让妈妈们在家里照顾孩子是值得的。此处moments是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以定语从句由that/which引导。故选C。‎ ‎12.The energy program ______ at reducing our dependence on fossil fuels has made considerable breakthroughs in the past decades.‎ A. aim B. aimed C. being aiming D. to aim ‎【答案】B ‎【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：旨在减少我们对化石燃料依赖的能源计划在过去几十年取得了重大突破。固定搭配：be aimed at旨在，为了。此处是过去分词作后置定语，故选B。‎ ‎13.We ______ him that he ought to make the bar more attractive with various methods. He finally sees the light.‎ A. told B. would tell C. have been telling D. had told ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查现在完成进行时态。句意：我们一直在告诉他，他应该用各种方法使酒吧更有吸引力。他终于看到了曙光。此处指“过去发生的动作一直持续到了现在”，所以句子用现在完成进行时态，故选C。‎ ‎14.For British people, somebody standing too close may make them focus less on what others are saying than on ______ close he or she is to them.‎ A. what B. where C. which D. how ‎【答案】D ‎【详解】考查how引导的宾语从句。句意：对英国人来说，站得太近的人可能会让他们更关注自己离别人有多近，而不是别人在说什么。此处介词on后面是宾语从句，close是形容词，所以应该是how引导的宾语从句。故选D。‎ ‎15.The beautiful girl chose to teach in a village school, though she ______ in a big city for an easier life.‎ A. could stay B. could have stayed C. must have stayed D. must stay ‎【答案】B ‎【详解】考查情态动词的完成式。句意：这个漂亮的女孩选择在一所乡村学校教书，尽管她本可以留在大城市过更轻松的生活。情态动词的完成式：could have done“本来能做而没有完成”。故选B。‎ 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16-35 各题所给的四个选项 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ I missed my four years at university, although I lived a___16___ life financially. I was full of___17___ and was determined to complete a double major in music and English ‎ literature.‎ Apart from a few text books a year, I had to____18____at least two books a week for my classes, which really cost a lot. My tight____19____ provided a roof over my head, in the form of an off-campus small old room. It was not in shape. I was so thrilled,___20___, to be living my dream and working on my college education. The tough condition could___21___ affect me.‎ I spent almost all of my waking hours after classes___22___ the piano and writing papers in the small and cold room. And I also___23___ part-time jobs in order to____24____ the cost of basics. To keep warm in the cold, rainy winter, I bought a pair of leather shoes. But soon I___25___ them and they started to leak because of my frequent walking and running. I wore heavy socks and wrapped the boots with plastic bags to prevent___26___ getting in during the rainy seasons.‎ At the end of my senior year, I was full of___27___because I was graduating. But it was also the time to rent graduation dress, book a sitting with the photographer and pay for my diploma. All of these___28___seemed like mountains before me. I felt___29___. There was no way for me to___30___it.‎ As I was walking back to my room one night, I met one of my professors. When he commented on how excited I must be, I blurted out (脱口而出) my ___31___. He said, “But didn’t you hear that news? You got a big____32____ because of your excellent music composing. That’s a $5,000 cheque in your mailbox! You’re always____33____ in your study, which I think is why you won the first place in the competition of music composition." Later, I rushed to my mailbox! My hands shook as I ___34___ the envelope which contained the cheque that could help me___35___ what were troubling me.‎ ‎16. A. hard B. green C. healthy D. wealthy ‎17. A. imagination B. ambition C. curiosity D. pride ‎18. A. write B. purchase C. evaluate D. recite ‎19. A. program B. schedule C. budget D. deadline ‎20. A. moreover B. therefore C. however D. instead ‎21. A. barely B. extremely C. slightly D. nearly ‎22. A. repairing B. appreciating C. cleaning D. practicing ‎23. A. made up B. took up C. looked up D. set up ‎24. A. avoid B. reduce C. cover D. share ‎25. A. mended B. threw away C. changed D. wore out ‎26. A. water B. air C. dirt D. snow ‎27. A. uncertainty B. pressure C. expectation D. calm ‎28. A. responsibilities B. regulations C. plans D. issues ‎29. A. inspired B. cautious C. helpless D. aggressive ‎30. A. pass B. manage C. hold D. get ‎31. A. advice B. dilemma C. arrangement D. question ‎32. A. award B. compensation C. donation D. salary ‎33. A. absorbed B. concerned C. interested D. experienced ‎34. A. received B. dropped C. designed D. unfolded ‎35. A. take in B. leave out C. set aside D. pull through ‎【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. D ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者四年的大学预算很紧张，生活非常艰苦，后来因为出色的音乐创作获得了大奖，帮助作者渡过了难关。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想念大学四年，尽管我在经济上过着艰难的生活。A. hard努力的，困难的；B. green绿色的，青春的；C. healthy健康的；D. wealthy富有的。根据下文可知作者上大学时生活很“困难”。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我充满了雄心壮志，决心完成音乐和英国文学双学位。A. imagination想象；B. ambition雄心；C. curiosity好奇，好奇心；D. pride骄傲，自豪。根据第2空后的was determined to complete a double major in music and English literature可知，作者内心充满了“雄心壮志”。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了每年买几本课本之外，我每周至少要为我的课程买两本书，这真的很贵。A. write写；B. purchase 购置；C. evaluate评估；D. recite背诵。根据第3‎ 空后的at least two books a week for my classes, which really cost a lot.可知，此处指作者“购买”书。故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的预算很紧张，只能在校外租一间旧的小房间。A. program程序，节目；B. schedule计划，时间表；C. budget 预算；D. deadline最终期限。根据第4空后的a roof over my head, in the form of an off-campus small old room可知，作者的“预算”紧张。故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，能够实现自己的梦想并努力完成大学学业，我感到非常激动。A. moreover而且，此外；B. therefore因此；C. however然而；D. instead代替，反而。上文提到预算“紧张”，再根据第5空后的to be living my dream and working on my college education.可知上下文是一种转折关系，故选C。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：艰苦的条件几乎影响不了我。A. barely仅仅，几乎不；B. extremely非常，极其；C. slightly轻微地；D. nearly差不多，几乎。为了实现自己的梦想，“几乎不受”艰苦条件的影响。故选A。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几乎把我醒着的所有时间都花在了课后练习钢琴和在小而冷的房间里写论文上。A. repairing修理；B. appreciating欣赏，感激；C. cleaning打扫；D. practicing练习，训练。根据第7空后的the piano and writing papers in the small and cold room可知，此处指“练习”钢琴。故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词组。句意：为了维持基本生活，我还做了一些兼职工作。A. made up组成，编造；B. took up 拿起，从事；C. looked up查找，抬头看；D. set up建立，创立。根据第8空后的part-time jobs可知此处指“从事”兼职工作。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了维持基本生活，我还做了一些兼职工作。A. avoid避免，避开；B. reduce减少；C. cover涉及，包括，覆盖；D. share分享。此处指“维持”基本生活。故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但很快我就把它们穿坏了，因为我经常走路和跑步，它们开始漏水。A. mended 修补；B. threw away扔掉；C. changed改变；D. wore out用尽，耗尽。根据第10空后的they started to leak because of my frequent walking and running.可知，此处指把鞋“穿坏”。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我穿着沉重的袜子，用塑料袋把靴子包裹起来，防止雨水在雨季进入。A. water水；B. air空气；C. dirt尘土；D. snow雪。鞋穿坏了，雨水很容易进入。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大四结束的时候，我满怀期待，因为我就要毕业了。A. uncertainty犹豫，不确定；B. pressure压力；C. expectation期待，期盼；D. calm冷静。根据第12空后because I was graduating可知，此处指作者对毕业的“期待”。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些问题在我面前就像一座大山。A. responsibilities责任；B. regulations规则；C. plans计划；D. issues问题，争点。根据第13空后的seemed like mountains before me可知作者面对着“棘手的问题”。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很无助。A. inspired受鼓舞的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. helpless无助的；D. aggressive有进取心的。根据第15空前的There was no way可知，作者“无助”。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有办法做到。A. pass通过，经过；B. manage管理，控制；C. hold持有，拥有；D. get得到。根据第15空前的There was no way可知作者不能做到。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他说我一定很兴奋时，我脱口而出了我的困境。A. advice建议；B. dilemma困境；C. arrangement安排；D. question问题。根据第16空前的blurted out可知作者说出了自己的“困境”。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是你没听说那个消息吗?你因为出色的音乐创作获得了大奖。‎ A. award获奖；B. compensation报酬；C. donation捐献；D. salary薪水。根据第17空后的because of your excellent music composing.可知，作者“获奖”。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你总是专心致志地学习，我想这就是你在作曲比赛中获得第一名的原因。A. absorbed 全神贯注的；B. concerned关心的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. experienced有经验的。根据第18空后的which I think is why you won the first place in the competition of music composition可知，作者专心致志地学习。固定词组：be absorbed in“专心致志地”。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我打开装有支票的信封时，我的手在颤抖，这张支票可以帮助我渡过难关。A. received收到；B. dropped 下降，减少；C. designed设计；D. unfolded展开。根据第19空后的the envelope which contained the cheque可知，此处指“打开”信封。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词组。句意：当我打开装有支票的信封时，我的手在颤抖，这张支票可以帮助我渡过难关。A. take in吸收，理解； B. leave out遗漏，省略；C. set aside留出，拨出；D. pull through渡过难关，恢复健康。根据第20空前后的内容the cheque that could help me和what were troubling me.可知，此处指支票帮助作者“渡过难关”。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more/though等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第5小题，句意：然而，能够实现自己的梦想并努力完成大学学业，我感到非常激动。A. moreover而且，此外；B. therefore因此；C. however然而；D. instead代替，反而。上文提到预算“紧张”，再根据第5空后的to be living my dream and working on my college education.可知上下文是一种转折关系，故选C。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A It’s commonly thought that “older” movies are in black and white and “newer ” movies are in color as if there is an obvious dividing line between the two. However, as with most developments ‎ in art and technology, there isn't an exact break between when the industry stopped using black and white films and when it started using color films. On top of that, film fans know that some filmmakers continue to choose to shoot their films in black and white decades after color films became the standard. Typical examples include oung Frankenstein (1974), Raging Bull (1980), Schindler’s List (1993), and The Artist (2011).‎ An often-repeated but incorrect fact is that 1939's The Wizard of Oz is the first full-color movie. This misconception probably comes from the fact that the film makes great symbolic use of brilliant color film after the first scene is shown in black and white. However, color movies were being created more than 35 years before The Wizard of Oz!‎ One of the most important developments in color films was Kinemacolor, created by Englishman George Albert Smith in 1906. Kinemacolor movies projected film through red and green filters (过滤器) to reproduce the actual colors used in the film. The first film to use the Kinemacolor process was Smith 's 1908 travelogue—A Visit to the Seaside. Kinemacolor was the most popular in its native UK, but the cost of installing (安装) the necessary equipment put many theaters off. After years of technical development, by the late 1950s, most Hollywood productions were being shot in color. Then, the color film finally became the standard in the filming industry.‎ However, the black and white film still makes its appearance. True, the black and white film has left a long-lasting impact on filming. Still, audiences today always tend to associate the black and white film with classic Hollywood storytelling and also admire the bright colors of early color movies.‎ ‎36. What can we know about color movies?‎ A. They hardly have a clear boundary with the black and white ones.‎ B. They will replace the black and white films sooner or later.‎ C. They lead to the developments in art and technology.‎ D. They are more popular with film fans.‎ ‎37. Which of the following is a color film?‎ A. RagingBull. B. A Visit to the Seaside.‎ C. Schindler’s List D. The Artist ‎38. What accounted for the failure of many theaters to use Kinemacolor?‎ A. The lack of enough finances.‎ B. The complex process of using colors.‎ C. The difficulty in installing necessary equipment.‎ D. The unsatisfying color effect of Kinemacolor movies.‎ ‎39. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph?‎ A. The significance of the black and white film.‎ B. The possibility of replacing the black and white film.‎ C. The popularity of the black and white film among audiences.‎ D. The applicability of shooting classic stories in black and white.‎ ‎40. What does the underlined word “misconception” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. That The Wizard of Oz was shot in 1939.‎ B. That The Wizard of Oz is the first full-color movie.‎ C. That The Wizard of Oz was shown in black and white.‎ D. That The Wizard of Oz took advantage of bright colors.‎ ‎【答案】36. A 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. A ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。这篇文章讲述的是电影如何从黑白电影发展到彩色。‎ ‎36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中However, as with most developments in art and technology, there isn't an exact break between when the industry stopped using black and white films and when it started using color films.“然而，随着艺术和技术的发展，电影业何时停止使用黑白电影以及何时开始使用彩色电影之间并没有确切的界限。”由此可知，彩色电影和黑白电影几乎没有明确的界限。故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中One of the most important developments in color films was Kinemacolor, created by Englishman George Albert Smith in 1906.“彩色电影最重要的发展之一是Kinemacolor，由英国人乔治·阿尔伯特·史密斯于1906年发明。”和第三段中The first film to use the Kinemacolor process was Smith 's 1908 travelogue—A Visit to the Seaside.“第一部使用Kinemacolor技术的电影是史密斯1908年的一次旅行——一次海滨之旅。”由此可知，第一部彩色电影是A Visit to the Seaside。故选B。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中Kinemacolor process was Smith 's 1908 travelogue—A Visit to the Seaside. Kinemacolor was the most popular in its native UK, but the cost of installing (安装) the necessary equipment put many theaters off.“Kinemacolor process是史密斯1908年的一次旅行——一次海滨之旅。在英国本土，Kinemacolor是最受欢迎的双色电影系统，但安装所需设备的成本让很多影院望而却步。”由此可知，使用颜色的复杂过程导致许多电影院没有使用Kinemacolor。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段However, the black and white film still makes its appearance. True, the black and white film has left a long-lasting impact on filming. Still, audiences today always tend to associate the black and white film with classic Hollywood storytelling and also admire the bright colors of early color movies.“然而，黑白电影还是出现了。诚然，黑白电影对电影的影响是持久的。尽管如此，今天的观众总是倾向于将黑白电影与经典的好莱坞故事联系在一起，也欣赏早期彩色电影的明亮色彩。”由此可知，作者在最后一段想要表达的是黑白电影的意义。故选A。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 词义指代题。根据第二段第一句An often-repeated but incorrect fact is that 1939's The Wizard of Oz is the first full-color movie.“1939年的《绿野仙踪》(The Wizard of Oz)是第一部全彩电影，这是一个经常被重复但不正确的事实。”由此可知，下句This misconception probably comes from the fact that the film makes great symbolic use of brilliant color film after the first scene is shown in black and white.（这种误解可能来自于电影在第一个场景以黑白形式出现后，对明亮的彩色胶片进行了大量象征性的运用。）中的划线词指代的是上文提到的“The Wizard of Oz was shot in 1939”。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第2小题，根据第三段中One of the most important developments in color films was Kinemacolor, created by Englishman George Albert Smith in 1906.“彩色电影最重要的发展之一是Kinemacolor，由英国人乔治·阿尔伯特·史密斯于1906年发明。”和第三段中The first film to use the Kinemacolor process was Smith 's 1908‎ ‎ travelogue—A Visit to the Seaside.“第一部使用Kinemacolor技术的电影是史密斯1908年的一次旅行——一次海滨之旅。”由此可知，第一部彩色电影是A Visit to the Seaside。故选B。‎ B ‎（B）‎ I needed to get some money so, after Christmas, I took a job in the clothes department at Graham’s for the first fortnight of the January sale. I can’t say that I enjoyed it, but it was an experience I’ll never forget.‎ I could never understand why there were so many things in the sales; where did they all come from? Now I know the secret! Firstly, there is the special winter stock (货物) and the stock that people buy all the year round; some of these things are slightly reduced. Secondly, there are the summer clothes they couldn’t sell last year; these are heavily reduced to clear them. Thirdly, there are cheap clothes bought in specially for the sales; these are put out at high prices ten days before the sale begins and then are reduced by 60% in the sale. Clever! Lastly, they buy in “seconds? (clothes not in perfect condition) for the sale and they are sold very cheaply.‎ When I arrived half an hour before opening on the first day of the sale, there was already a queue around three sides of the building. This made me very nervous.‎ When the big moment arrived to open the doors, the security guards, looking less confident than usual, came up to them, keys in hand. The moment they had unlocked the doors, they hid behind the doors for protection as the noisy crowd charged in. I couldn’t believe my eyes; this wasn’t shopping, it was a battlefield! One poor lady couldn’t keep her feet and was knocked over by people pushing from behind.‎ Clothes were flying in all directions as people searched for the sizes, colours and styles they wanted. Quarrels broke out. Mothers were using their small children to crawl(爬行) through people’s legs and get hold of things they couldn’t get near themselves.‎ Within minutes I had half a dozen people pushing clothes under my nose, each wanting to be the first served. Where had the famous English Queue gone? The whole day continued like that, but I kept my temper(脾气)! I was taking money hand over fist and began to realize why, twice a year, Graham’s were happy to turn their expensive store into a battlefield like this.‎ In the sale fever, people were spending money like water without thinking whether they needed what they were buying. As long as it was a bargain it was OK.‎ You won’t believe this but as soon as I got home I crashed out for four hours. Then I had dinner and went back to bed, fearing the sound of the alarm which would tell me to get ready for the second day of the sale.‎ ‎41. What kind of clothes is likely to be sold 5% cheaper?‎ A. Last summer’s clothes. B. Clothes not in perfect condition.‎ C. Clothes bought in specially for the sales. D. Clothes for winter.‎ ‎42. Which of the following statements is true?‎ A. The customers gave up the queuing for which the English are famous.‎ B. The customers kept their temper while looking for clothes they wanted.‎ C. Small children enjoyed crawling through people’s legs.‎ D. The security guards were fearless of the crowd.‎ ‎43. In the author’s opinion, why were Graham’s happy to make their expensive store into “Battlefield?‎ A. There were too many clothes and they wanted to clear them in the sales.‎ B. They were eager to show that they were clever at doing business.‎ C. They could take the chance to raise the prices of all their clothes.‎ D. They wanted to make more money by having sales.‎ ‎44. The expression “crashed out” means ________.‎ A. chatted with her friends B. slept soundly C. broke down D. dined out ‎45. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Best Bargain. B. Hunting for a job.‎ C. Sale Fever. D. A Pleasant Fortnight.‎ ‎【答案】41. D 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C ‎【分析】‎ 本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在圣诞节后在格雷厄姆的服装部工作时看到大家购物热景象的故事。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第二段中列举了四类降价的衣服及其降价幅度。A选项中的衣服are heavily reduced to clear(清仓) them; C选项中的衣服降价60%；B选项中的衣服are sold very cheaply 降幅一定大于5%。故选D。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可判断出如果人多，英国人就会放弃排队。故选A。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。从整篇短文的内容可以了解到，使人们相信他们所卖的衣服便宜，许多人来到商店竞相购买衣服，使整个商店变成了一个“战场”。他们这样做的目的就是为了赚钱。故选D。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上下文来判断，上文提到作者上班时遭遇那么多的人竞相抢购，倒数“Within minutes I had half a dozen people pushing clothes under my nose”，可见劳动强度非常大，所以回到家后作者crashed out，而且作者下文说自己害怕听到提醒自己明天还得继续像这样工作的铃声，还went back to bed，可见crash out应为熟睡。故选B。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。作者在这篇短文中描写了人们疯狂购物的场面，所以这篇短文的主题应是“购物热”。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】因为题干的结构发生了变化，所以重新生成了解析模版。下面是旧的解析，供您参考。上传之前，务必将本段和下面的所有文字全部删除干净。‎ C Despite living in it, we hardly know exactly how big the Milky Way is. But new research has provided us with an answer. Using a large survey of stars instead of just models (as previous researchers did), astronomers have now determined the disk of our galaxy to be 200,000 light years across twice as large as was believed a decade ago.‎ Astronomers know the Milky Way to be a spiral (螺旋状的) galaxy with a flat central disk composed of spiraling arms and a thin outer cloud of stars called the halo ( 光 晕 ). Most of the stars are found in the disk, which rapidly thins out at the edges. The size of the galaxy is measured from the point at which the number of stars in the disk significantly drops, so finding disk stars is key to determining the Milky Way’s size.‎ Coincidentally, disk stars tend to be much younger than the halo stars. Since stars gradually build up elements over generations, the disk stars’ composition can be different from that of the halo stars, allowing astronomers to figure out which stars belong to which population.‎ With a process known as spectroscopy ( 光 谱 学 ), researchers studied the chemical composition of over 4,600 stars from two surveys, and mapped out which stars are part of the disk and which belong to the halo. The results clearly show disk stars much farther from the center of the galaxy than before.‎ The researchers still believe the density of stars in the disk gets lower in an exponential ( 指数的) manner— just farther away from each other than previously thought. Although the galaxy has been supersized, it is still smaller than its neighbor Andromeda, which measures over 220,000 light years across. While our galaxy is looking larger, it ’ s not putting on much weight. Because the outer reaches are much less dense than the center of the galaxy, the additional area is only thinly populated with stars. These few extra stars are only a drop in the bucket compared to the rest of the galaxy, so overall the mass of the Milky Way remains largely unchanged.‎ ‎46. What has new research found about the Milky Way?‎ A. It's hard to know its size.‎ B. It can be measured by using models.‎ C. It has grown much larger than before.‎ D. It’s much larger than previously thought.‎ ‎47. Where is the size of the Milky Way measured?‎ A. At the end of the halo.‎ B. At the edge of the disk.‎ C. At the start of the disk stars.‎ D. At the point of the spiraling arms.‎ ‎48. How can researchers distinguish disk from halo stars?‎ A. By studying their chemical composition.‎ B. By measuring their distance to the sun.‎ C. By measuring their weight.‎ D. By comparing their size.‎ ‎49. The underlined part in the last paragraph probably refers to ______.‎ A. the speed of the stars’ moving B. the weight of the stars in total C. the number of stars in an area D. the size of the Milky Way ‎50. What can we infer about the stars in the Milky Way?‎ A. They are unevenly distributed.‎ B. They are heavier than previously predicted.‎ C. They make the Milky Way larger than others.‎ D. They mainly stay in the outer ranges of the disk.‎ ‎【答案】46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. A ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。通过对恒星的大规模调查，天文学家现在已经确定，我们星系的圆盘直径为20万光年，是10年前人们所认为的直径的两倍。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中Using a large survey of stars instead of just models (as previous researchers did), astronomers have now determined the disk of our galaxy to be 200,000 light years across twice as large as was believed a decade ago.“通过对恒星的大规模调查，而不仅仅是模型(就像之前的研究人员所做的那样)，天文学家现在已经确定，我们星系的圆盘直径为20万光年，是10年前人们所认为的直径的两倍。”由此可知，银河系比之前想象的要大得多。故选D。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中Most of the stars are found in the disk, which rapidly thins out at the edges. The size of the galaxy is measured from the point at which the number of stars in the disk significantly drops, so finding disk stars is key to determining the Milky Way’s size.“大多数恒星都位于圆盘中，圆盘的边缘迅速变薄。星系的大小是在星系盘中恒星数量显著减少的那一点开始测量的，所以找到星系盘中的恒星是确定银河系大小的关键。”由此可知，银河系的大小是在圆盘的边缘测量的。故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中Since stars gradually build up elements over generations, the disk stars’ composition can be different from that of the halo stars, allowing astronomers to figure out which stars belong to which population.“由于恒星在几代人的时间里逐渐积累元素，盘状恒星的组成可能与晕星不同，这使得天文学家能够确定哪些恒星属于哪些群体。”由此可知，研究人员通过研究它们的化学组成来区分盘状星云和晕星。故选A。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 词义指代题。根据最后一段第一句The researchers still believe the density of stars in the disk gets lower in an exponential ( 指数的) manner— just farther away from each other than previously thought.“研究人员仍然认为，盘状星云中的恒星密度以指数方式降低——彼此间的距离比之前认为的要远一些。”由此可知划线词的意思是指恒星的“数量”。故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Because the outer reaches are much less dense than the center of the galaxy, the additional area is only thinly populated with stars. These few extra stars are only a drop in the bucket compared to the rest of the galaxy, so overall the mass of the Milky Way remains largely unchanged.“因为外边缘的密度远小于星系中心，所以额外的区域只有稀疏的恒星。与银河系的其他部分相比，这几颗额外的恒星只是沧海一粟，所以银河系的总体质量基本保持不变。”由此可知，我们能从银河系的恒星中推断出“它们的分布不均匀。”故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。本题第5小题，根据最后一段中Because the outer reaches are much less dense than the center of the galaxy, the additional area is only thinly populated with stars. These few extra stars are only a drop in the bucket compared to the rest of the galaxy, so overall the mass of the Milky Way remains largely unchanged.“因为外边缘的密度远小于星系中心，所以额外的区域只有稀疏的恒星。与银河系的其他部分相比，这几颗额外的恒星只是沧海一粟，所以银河系的总体质量基本保持不变。”由此可知，我们能从银河系的恒星中推断出“它们的分布不均匀。”故选A。‎ D Hot after “ smart email” comes “ digital wellness”, the umbrella term for trying to reduce our addiction to technology — and its grim effects on our health, productivity and politics— by means of that technology itself. One hugely popular app, Forest, displays a tree on your phone when you put it down, which then gradually begins to grow, and is only to die if you pick it back up. Using fire to fight fire in this fashion is an appealing thought. And given the endless data these firms collect about how we use their products, nobody could be better placed to help us use them more ‎ healthily.‎ And yet, increasingly, digital wellness triggers in me a response aware of those kinds of things I meet in bad American reality TV shows. In the shows, some teenagers are sent to the Colorado wilderness to learn self-discipline through self- love. If you hate how much you use your phone, just stop using your phone so much! Relying on Big Tech to help you do so is a problem, for one thing, because of the obvious conflict of interest. However concerned for your wellbeing they might seem, Apple and Google need you to use their products. But it’s also funny, as the author Cal Newport explained on his blog. “I’ m a grown man,” he wrote. “If I’m checking my phone every five minutes or playing video games instead of paying attention to my kids, I don't need an existence of a dying tree to help me toward better habits. I actually need someone I respect to knock the stupid thing out of my hand and say, ‘Just stop using it!’”‎ To put it differently: digital wellness aims to reduce your dependency on your devices—but at the cost of increasing your dependency on the corporations behind those devices. It closes off the idea of a more basic rejection of using them, which may be the right answer for us. More generally, it seems likely to weaken your self-discipline muscle, by giving the job of managing your time and attention to a third party.‎ ‎51. What does the app seemingly want to do by displaying a tree?‎ A. To go after the design fashion of beauty.‎ B. To ask us to make full use of our phones.‎ C. To encourage us to protect the environment.‎ D. To remind us not to use digital devices too much.‎ ‎52. What do digital wellness and bad reality TV shows have in common?‎ A. They both reveal the dark sides of society.‎ B. They are both self-contradictory in nature.‎ C. They are both popular among young people.‎ D. They both encourage us to reduce phone use.‎ ‎53. What is Cal Newport’s attitude towards Forest?‎ A. Supportive. B. Negative.‎ C. Objective. D. Unclear.‎ ‎54. What is the author’s suggestion for us?‎ A. Have someone monitor us strictly.‎ B. Use technology to keep healthy.‎ C. Refuse electronics simply.‎ D. Manage our time properly.‎ ‎55. What does the author mainly talk about in the passage?‎ A. Effects of addiction to technology on people’s health.‎ B. The function of a popular app on our phones.‎ C. The real effectiveness of digital wellness.‎ D. Methods to ensure our digital wellness.‎ ‎【答案】51. D 52. B 53. B 54. C 55. C ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了数字健康的真正功效旨在减少你对设备的依赖——但代价是增加你对这些设备背后的公司的依赖。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中One hugely popular app, Forest, displays a tree on your phone when you put it down, which then gradually begins to grow, and is only to die if you pick it back up.“一个非常流行的应用程序，Forest，当你放下手机时，它会在你的手机上显示一棵树，然后它会逐渐开始生长，只有当你拿起它的时候，它才会死去。”由此可知，通过显示一棵树，这个应用程序是为了提醒我们不要过度使用数码设备。故选D。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中And yet, increasingly, digital wellness triggers in me a response aware of those kinds of things I meet in bad American reality TV shows. In the shows, some teenagers are sent to the Colorado wilderness to learn self-discipline through self- love. If you hate how much you use your phone, just stop using your phone so much! Relying on Big Tech to help you do so is a problem, for one thing, because of the obvious conflict of interest.“然而，越来越多的数字健康引发了我的一种反应，意识到我在糟糕的美国真人秀节目中遇到的那些事情。在节目中，一些青少年被送往科罗拉多荒野，通过自爱来学习自律。如果你不喜欢用手机，那就别再那么频繁地使用手机了!首先，依靠大型科技公司来帮助你解决问题是一个问题，因为存在明显的利益冲突。”由此可知，数字健康和糟糕的电视真人秀它们在本质上都是自相矛盾的。故选B。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中“If I’m checking my phone every five minutes or playing video games instead of paying attention to my kids, I don't need an existence of a dying tree to help me toward better habits. I actually need someone I respect to knock the stupid thing out of my hand and say, ‘Just stop using it!’” “如果我每隔五分钟就查看一下手机，或者玩电子游戏，而不是关注我的孩子，我不需要一棵快要枯死的树来帮助我养成更好的习惯。”我真的需要一个我尊敬的人把我手里的东西敲掉，然后说，‘别再用它了!’”由此可知，Cal Newport对Forest的态度是“消极的”。故选B。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中given the endless data these firms collect about how we use their products, nobody could be better placed to help us use them more healthily.“考虑到这些公司收集的关于我们如何使用他们产品的无穷无尽的数据，没有人能更好地帮助我们更健康地使用他们的产品。”由此可知，作者给我们的建议是拒绝电子产品。故选C。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中To put it differently: digital wellness aims to reduce your dependency on your devices—but at the cost of increasing your dependency on the corporations behind those devices.“换句话说:数字健康旨在减少你对设备的依赖——但代价是增加你对这些设备背后的公司的依赖。”由此可知，作者在文中主要讲了数字健康的真正功效。故选C。‎ 第 II 卷（非选择题，共 35 分）‎ 第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节：阅读表达（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） ‎ 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。‎ Dressed in a dark blue waterproof jacket, outdoor shoes and a small backpack, 25-year-old Ye Tian tries to get in an abandoned coking plant (焦化厂) in Beijing.‎ An intern (实习生) for a German company in Beijing, Ye is among thousands of youth interested in city adventures, what they call “ urban exploration ”—“urbex” for short.‎ The aim of this trending hobby is to explore structures — usually abandoned ruins or hidden areas of the manmade environment.‎ Urban explorers are interested in these sites because they can understand cities from a different angle. Ye, for example, said he enjoyed the contrast between Beijing’s two sides.‎ ‎“Widely known scenic spots and historical sites can only reflect the bright side of the city, or what the city wants you to see,” Ye said. “But abandoned places show you the past [that is] hidden deep in people’s memories.”‎ In the eyes of Pan Ran, who is in her early 30s and works in Canada, an abandoned building can also evoke the spirits of those who lived and worked there.‎ ‎“There are diaries and letters recording the owners’ lives,” she said. “And one time, I found a whole box of 8-millimeter videotapes of a family.”‎ Pan couldn’t watch the tapes at the site, as the power supply had been cut. She didn’t take them away with her either, as there is “a very important rule of urbex that you can't remove any souvenirs’ from a site”, Pan said.‎ While urban exploration can get people to extraordinary places that few have visited, it’s sometimes dangerous. Climbing up tall buildings and tip-toeing through abandoned structures can sometimes be a life-threatening affair.‎ Injuries and even death are not unheard of within the urbex community.‎ ‎“In the beginning, I was pretty audacious and believed the riskier the places you go, the better photos you get,” said Du Tianyu, 22. “But that is not necessarily the case. After doing my calculations, I learned to stop when I reach the limit.”‎ ‎56. According to the passage, what is Ye Tian’s hobby? (no more than 5 words)‎ ‎57. Why are some young people interested in places like the coking plant in Beijing?(no more than 15 words)‎ ‎58. What is the important rule of urbex according to Pan Ran? (no more than 10 words)‎ ‎59. What does the underlined word “audacious” probably mean in the last paragraph? (1word)‎ ‎60. Would you like to take part in urbex of a city? Give your reason. (no more than 20 words)‎ ‎【答案】56. Being interested in city adventures. Or: Urban exploration. Or: Exploring abandoned structures in cities. ‎ ‎57. They want to appreciate different aspects of a city. Or: They can understand the cities from a different angle.Or: They can learn about the past hidden deep in people’s memories. Or: They can get to know the spirits of those who lived and worked there. ‎ ‎58. Explores can’t take souvenirs from the siteOr: Souvenirs are forbidden to be taken away from the site. ‎ ‎59. Adventurous./Daring./Bold. ‎ ‎60. Yes. I’d like to enjoy the contrast of our city and get to know the past hidden in people’s memories. Or: No. I think it dangerous to explore those abandoned places.‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 根据第二段中An intern (实习生) for a German company in Beijing, Ye is among thousands of youth interested in city adventures, what they call “ urban exploration ” — “urbex” for short. 叶是北京一家德国公司的实习生，他是成千上万对城市探险感兴趣的年轻人中的一员，他们称之为“城市探险”——简称“urbex”。由此可知，叶天对城市冒险感兴趣。所以本题答案为Being interested in city adventures. Or: Urban exploration. Or: Exploring abandoned structures in cities.‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 根据第四段Urban explorers are interested in these sites because they can understand cities from a different angle. Ye, for example, said he enjoyed the contrast between Beijing’s two sides. 城市探索者对这些地点感兴趣，因为他们可以从不同的角度了解城市。以叶为例，他说他喜欢北京和北京之间的对比。由此可知，一些年轻人之所以对北京的焦化厂这样的地方感兴趣是因为他们想要欣赏城市的不同方面。所以本题答案为They want to appreciate different aspects of a city. Or: They can understand the cities from a different angle. Or: They can learn about the past hidden deep in people’s memories. Or: They can get to know the spirits of those who lived and worked there.‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 根据第八段中Pan couldn’t watch the tapes at the site, as the power supply had been cut. She didn’t take them away with her either, as there is “a very important rule of urbex that you can't remove any souvenirs’ from a site潘无法在现场观看录像带，因为电源被切断了。她也没有把它们带走，因为“urbex有一条非常重要的规则，你不能从网站上删除任何纪念品”。由此可知，探索者不能从网站上拿走纪念品。所以本题答案为Explores can’t take souvenirs from the site. Or: Souvenirs are forbidden to be taken away from the site.‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中believed the riskier the places you go, the better photos you get“相信你去的地方越危险，你得到的照片就越好。”由此可知，划线词的意思是“冒险的”。所以本题答案为Adventurous. / Daring. /Bold.‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 本题问题是“你想参加城市的urbex吗?”我认为回答应该是“是的”。因为我喜欢欣赏我们城市的对比，了解隐藏在人们记忆中的过去。所以本题答案为Yes. I’d like to enjoy the contrast of our city and get to know the past hidden in people’s memories. Or: No. I think it dangerous to explore those abandoned places.‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分）‎ ‎61.假设你是晨光中学的李津，你的英国好友 Peter 最近给你来信，询问你对自己未来职业的规划。请你给他回信，内容要点包括：‎ ‎1、梦想中的职业；‎ ‎2、选择此职业的原因；‎ ‎3、如何为实现梦想努力。 注意:‎ ‎1. 词数不少于 100；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎3. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Peter,‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Jin ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ I'm glad to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me about my future career plans. First of all, thank you for your concern. My dream career is to be a life-saving doctor. I have had this ambition since I was a child, especially during the current epidemic, when I saw those medical workers leaving their families and children behind to go to the frontline at the risk of personal safety, which inspired my determination to become a doctor. In order to realize this dream, I must study hard and be admitted to the ideal medical university with excellent results.‎ Yours，‎ Li Jin ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封书信：假设你是晨光中学的李津，你的英国好友 Peter 最近给你来信，询问你对自己未来职业的规划。请你给他回信，内容要点包括：1、梦想中的职业；2、选择此职业的原因；3、如何为实现梦想努力。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：hear from you（收到你的来信）；about my future career plans（关于我未来的职业规划）；especially during the current epidemic,（特别是在当前的疫情中，）；等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。文中使用高级句子。My dream career is to be a life-saving doctor.动词不定式作表语；I have had this ambition since I was a child,句中since引导时间状语从句；which inspired my determination to become a doctor.句中which引导非限制性定语从句；In order to realize this dream, I must study hard and be admitted to the ideal medical university with excellent results.动词不定式作目的状语。‎