天津市和平区2020届高三英语下学期第一次模拟试题（解析版）

天津市和平区2020届高三英语下学期第一次模拟试题（解析版）

天津和平区 2019-2020 学年度第二学期髙三年级第一次质量 调查 英语学科试卷 本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 130 分，考试用时 100 分钟， 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定 位置粘贴考试用 条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上 的无效。考试结束后，将 本试卷和答题卡一并收回。 第 I 卷 注意事项： 1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2. 本卷共 55 小题，共 95 分 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题，海小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 例：Stand over there ______ you'll be able to see it better. A. or B. and C. but D. while 答案是 B。 1.—What kind of career would you like, Tom? —Well, ______. Being a writer could be interesting. A. Sounds amazing B. I'm not sure exactly C. You got it D. I couldn't agree more 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你喜欢什么样的职业，汤姆？——哦，我不太确定，做 一个作家可能很有趣。A. Sounds amazing 听起来令人吃惊；B. I'm not sure exactly 我不太确定； C. You got it 你明白了；D. I couldn't agree more 我完全同意。根据下文“做一个作家可能很有 趣”可推断，说话人不太确定。故选 B。 2.Careers Officers ______ contact with young people when they have left school in case they need help in job-hunt. A. maintain B. dismiss C. abandon D. hold 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：在年轻人离开学校时 Careers Officers 保持与他们联系，以防 他们在求职中需要帮助。A. maintain 维持；保持；B. dismiss 解雇；C. abandon 放弃；D. hold 持有。根据下文“以防他们在求职时需要帮助”可推断，职业人员与他们保持联系。故选 A。 3.These reports give an ______ rather than the details. Some important things are not included. A. mark B. account C. comment D. outline 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些报告给出了梗概而不是细节。一些重要的事情没有 包括在内。A. mark 标记；B. account 账户；描述；C. comment 评论；D. outline 概要。根据下 文“一些重要的事情没有包括在内。”说明仅仅是给出了概要。故选 D。 4.______ anxiety, the novel coronavirus （新冠病毒）has also brought opportunities to some industries and changes to our lifestyles. A. Due to B. In spite of C. Apart from D. According to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：除了焦虑，新冠病毒也给一些行业带来了机会，改变了 我们的生活方式。A. Due to 因为；B. In spite of 尽管； C. Apart from 除了；D. According to 根据。根据句意，除了焦虑还有机会，故选 C。 5.John tried hard to figure out ______ he has left his schoolbag but in vain. A. what B. which C. where D. that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：约翰努力想弄清楚他把书包忘在哪里了，但一无所获。分析 句子可知，figure out 后是宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用 where，表示“在哪里；……的 地方”；what 引导宾语从句，从句中做主语、宾语或表语 ；which“哪一个”；that 不做成分， 无词义，仅起引导作用，根据句意，故选 C。 6.He made a good impression last week and ______ to the second round of interviews for the post. A. got through B. settled down C. came up D. gave in 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：上周他给人留下了很好的印象，通过了这个职位的第二 轮面试。A. got through 通过；B. settled down 定居下来；安顿下来；C. came up 被提出；D. gave in 屈服。根据上文“他给人留下了很好的印象”可推断，他通过了第二轮面试。故选 A。 7.She applied for a position in the sales department ______ one considers to be of value and importance. A. where B. which C. when D. as 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她申请了一个销售部的职位，人们认为这个职位是有价值的 和重要的。分析句子可知，______ one considers to be of value and importance 是定语从句，从 句中缺少 considers 的宾语，先行词是 position，指物，故用关系代词 which，故选 B。 8.Poor Mr. Perkins had to wait patiently until his car was the only one that ______ in the parking lot. A left B. would leave C. was left D. had been left 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：可怜的珀金斯先生不得不耐心地等着，直到他的车成为 停车场里唯一剩下的车。that 引导定语从句，从句中做主语，故从句谓语动词与先行词保持人 称和数的一致，先行词是 the only one，one 指代上文提到的 car，且 car 与 leave 是动宾关系， 故用被动语态，排除 A、B 项；根据上文的 had to wait until his car was 可推断，leave 动作发生 在 had to wait 之后，与 was 时间一致，用一般过去时，故排除 D。故选 C。 9.Physical labour can exhaust the body very quickly. ______, too much study can rapidly reduce mental powers. A. Otherwise B. Equally C. Finally D. Additionally 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：体力劳动可以很快耗尽身体。 同样的，过度的学习可以 迅速减少精力。A. Otherwise 否则；B. Equally 同样地；C. Finally 最终；D. Additionally 另外。 根据前后文是同样地情况，故选 B。 10.The weather here is great, with temperatures ______ from a low of 55°F to a high of 75 °F in the summer. A. range B. ranged C. to rang D. ranging 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这里的天气很好，夏天的温度从华氏 55°到华氏 75°不等。 分析句子可知，此处是 with+宾语+宾语补足语复合结构，temperatures 与 range 是主动关系， 故用现在分词作宾语补足语，故选 D。 11.There are over 50,000 signs in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children ______ learn all of them for everyday purpose. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. won't 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：现代汉语中有超过 5 万种标志，但幸运的是，中国儿童 不必学习所有这些标志用于日常目的。A. needn't 不必；B. mustn't 表示禁止； C. can't 不可 能；D. won't 不愿意。根据 but luckily 可推断，不必学习如此多的东西，故选 A。 12.Chinese students overseas are encouraged to return, ______ they honestly fill out medical forms and strictly follow the quarantine rules. A. though B. as long as C. unless D. the moment 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：中国留学生被鼓励回国，只要他们诚实地填写医疗表格，严 格遵守检疫规则。A. though 尽管；B. as long as 只要；C. unless 除非；D. the moment 一…… 就……。后文是条件状语，根据句意，故选 B。 13.Charlie's wheelchair ______ out of power. He drove it into my office and looked for a place to charge it. A. run B. have run C. had run D. was running 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：查理的轮椅快没电了。 他把它开进我的办公室，找了个地方 充电费。根据下文 He drove it into my office and looked for a place to charge it.可知，轮椅快没电， run out of“耗尽；用光”，用进行时表示“即将用光”，故选 D。 14.—Sid is never happy when he has nothing to do. ―I know. ______. A. He has good taste B. He has done very well C. It really bothers him D. It's none of his business 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查习语辨析。句意：——当 Sid 无所事事的时候，是永远不会快乐的。——我知道， 这是困扰他的。A. He has good taste他很有品味；B. He has done very well他做得很好；C. It really bothers him 它真的困扰他；D. It's none of his business 与他无关。不做事会不快乐，让 Sid 困扰。 故选 C。 15.Although the main characters in the fiction are so true to life, they are certainly ______. A. false B. visible C. familiar D. imaginary 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然小说中的主要人物是如此真实的生活，但他们肯 定是虚构的。A. false 假的；B. visible 可见的；C. familiar 熟悉的；D. imaginary 虚构的；想象 的。Although 引导让步状语从句，前后句是转折关系，与 true 相对用 imaginary“虚构的”， 故选 D。 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16-35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选 出最佳选项。 My father was raised in a fatherless home at a time when the family of five struggled to survive, which caused my father to be extremely tightfisted (吝啬)with money. When we children became ___16___ that other children got pocket money from their parents, we made a(n) ___17___ to ask our father for some. Immediately his face turned stone cold, and he said, "If you're old enough to ask, you're old enough to ___18___ And we had to seek odd jobs about the neighbourhood. He didn't ___19___ his attitude as we grew into adulthood. There was a time when ___20___of us had a car, so we had to ride a ___21___ whenever we came home. Though the bus stopped about two miles from home, Dad never met us, ___22___ in bad weather. If someone ___23___(and my brothers did a lot), he'd say in his ___24___ father-voice. “That's what your legs are ___25___!" One spring morning I was on the bus home from ___26___ . Tests and long hours in labs had ___27___ me exhausted. As other students were ___28___at their stops. I looked silently out of the window. Finally, the bus came to a ___29___ at my destination, and I ___30___, carrying my suitcase to begin the long journey home. The row of privet hedge (树篱)came into ___31___, which lined the driveway that climbed the hill to our house. I stopped to put a book in the suitcase. When I stood up, I saw something gray ___32___ along the top of the hedge toward the house. It was the top of my father's head. I ___33___ then, each time I came home, he would stand behind the hedge, watching, ___34___ he knew I had arrived safely. I held back my tears. He did care, ___35___. Upon reaching home, I found my father innocently in his chair “So! It's you!" he said, his face lengthening into surprise. 16. A. aware B. certain C. surprised D. excited 17. A. attempt B. suggestion C. trouble D. plan 18. A. spend B. earn C. survive D. raise 19. A. strengthen B. soften C. take D. show 20. A. neither B. each C. all D. none 21. A. bicycle B. car C. train D. bus 22. A. especially B. only C. even D. once 23. A. refused B. complained C. cried D. intended 24. A. strangest B. lowest C. scariest D. softest 25. A. on B. in C. by D. for 26. A. work B. home C. town D. college 27. A. led B. made C. found D. proved 28. A. treated B. received C. met D. greeted 29. A. stop B. house C. street D. corner 30. A. stepped off B. went off C. jumped on D. climbed on 31. A. mind B. view C. flower D. leaf 32. A. shining B. flying C. failing D. moving 33. A. supposed B. thought C. imagined D. realized 34. A. since B. after C. until D. though 35. A. after all B. above all C. in advance D. in total 【答案】16. A 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. D 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲一直对子女很严厉。向他要零花钱，他不给，让自己挣。长 大后，作者回家，他从不出来接。有一次，作者回家时，不经意地发现了父亲的秘密。这时， 作者才明白，其实父亲很关心自己，只是他有他自己关心的方式。 【16 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们孩子们知道其他孩子从父母那里得到零钱时，我们试图 向父亲要一些钱。A. aware 知道的；B. certain 必然的；C. surprised 吃惊的；D. excited 兴奋的。 become aware that...知道，根据下文 other children got pocket money from their parents, we made a(n) ___2___ to ask our father for some.可知，我们知道其他孩子有父母给的零花钱。故选 A。 【17 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attempt 试图；B. suggestion 建议；C. trouble 麻烦；D. plan 计 划。 根据下文 ask our father for some 可知，我们尝试向父亲要一些钱。make an attempt to do 想做……，企图做…… ，故选 A。 【18 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你们既然长大到了想要零花钱的时候，那么你们也就足够大道能“挣 钱”了。A. spend 花费；B. earn 挣得；C. survive 幸存；D. raise 抚养。由该段 we had to seek odd jobs bout the neighbourhood.可推知，父亲说我们也足够大到能挣钱了。故选 B。 【19 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们长大成人后，他的态度也没有软化。A. strengthen 加强；B. soften 变软；C. take 拿；D. show 展示。根据下文 we had to ride a ___6___ whenever we came home 可知，我们长大成人以后，父亲的态度还是强硬的，没有“变软”。故选 B。 【20 题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：有一段时间我们没有任有车，因此无论我们什么时候回家，我们 必须乘坐公共汽车。A. neither 两者都不；B. each 每个；C. all 所有，都；D. none 没有。由 so we had to ride a ___6___可知，此处是指我们当时都没车，所以选 A、D 项；再由 8 空后的 my brothers 可知，我们是三者以上，因此用 none，不用 neither。故选 D 。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bicycle 自行车；B. car 汽车；C. train 火车；D. bus 公共汽 车。与该空后的 bus 对应。故选 D。 【22 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然公共汽车在离家大约两英里的地方停下来 ，但是甚至天气不 好，父亲也从不来接我们。A. especially 尤其；B. only 只，只是；B. even 甚至；D.once 曾经。 根据上文可知，父亲对我们非常严厉，因此推断甚至不好的天气，父亲也不来接我们。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果有人抱怨，他总是用他让人害怕的父亲的声音说……。A. refused 拒绝；B. complained 抱怨；C. cried 哭；D. intended 打算。根据上文可知，父亲从不接我们， 我们难免抱怨。故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. strangest 最奇怪的；B. lowest 最低的；C. scariest 引起恐 惧的，怕人的；D. softest 最柔弱的，最轻柔的。由文章可知，我的父亲很严厉，所以他的声 音应该是让人害怕的。 故选 C。 【25 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：你们长腿干什么用的。A. on 在……上面；B. in 在……里面；C. by 被；D. for 为了。根据上文可知，我们的抱怨走路回家，因此父亲斥责我们“长腿干什么用”， 表示目的用 for，故选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个春天的上午，我坐公共汽车从大学回家。A. work 工作；B. home 家；C. town 城镇；D. college 大学。由该空后的 Tests and long hours in labs 可知，应该选 college 大学。故填 D。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：测试和数小时待在实验室里让我精疲力尽。A. led 带领；B. made 制作；C. found 发现；D. proved 证明。make me exhausted 让我精疲力竭。其他选项构不成该 搭配。根据常识也可推出，考试和数小时的实验室试验会让人疲惫不堪。故选 B。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当其他的学生下车被“接走”时，我沉默地看着窗外。A.treat 对待， 招待； B. receive 收到；C. meet 遇见；D. greet 问候。该空与上文 Dad never met us 中的 met 对 应。故选 C。 【29 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，公共汽车停在我的目的地。A. stop 停下；B. house 房子； C. street 街道；D. corner 角落。由下文 at my destination 可知，公共汽车在我的目的地停下来。 come to a stop 停下。故选 A。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：我下了车，提着我的手提箱开始回家的长途旅行。A. stepped off 下 车；B. went off 离开 C. jumped on 跳上 D. climbed on 爬上，到了目的地，自然我要下车。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一排女贞树篱映入眼帘，这排树篱排列在爬上山就能到我家的车 道两边。A. mind 思想；B. view 观点；C. flower 花；D. leaf 树叶。 come into view 被看见；come into mind 记起，想起。走在路上，我看到路两边的女贞树篱。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我站起来时，我看到一个黑影沿着树篱回了家。A. shining 闪烁； B. flying 飞；C. failing 失败；D. moving 移动。根据下文 It was the top of my father's head.可知， 这个黑影是父亲，因此父亲沿着树篱向家走去。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我“意识到”每次我回家时，他就会站在树篱后一直看到我平安抵达。 A. supposed 认为；B. thought 想；C. imagined 想象；D. realized 意识到。根据上文可知，我在 回家的路上看到了父亲，这让我意识到父亲每次回家都会站在树篱后面看着我。故选 D。 【34 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. since 自；从 B. after 在……后面，C. until 直到；D. though 虽然。由上题可知，选 until 直到。父亲看着我直到我平安到家。故选 C。 【35 题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，父亲还是很在意我们的。 A. after all 毕竟，别忘了；B. above all 最重要的是；C. in advance 提前；D. in total 全部，一共。根据上文可知，父亲每次都会躲 在树篱后面看着我直到我平安到家，因此推断，毕竟父亲也是在乎我们的。故选 A。 【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要 遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 11 小题，考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个春 天的上午，我坐公共汽车从大学回家。A. work 工作；B. home 家；C. town 城镇；D. college 大学。由该空后的“Tests and long hours in labs”可知，应该选 college“大学”。故填 D。 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Forget Cyclists, Pedestrians（行人）Are Real Danger We are having a debate about this topic. Here are some letters from our readers: ★Yes, many cyclists believe dangerously. Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists. But pedestrians are probably the worst offenders. People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone, quite unaware of what is going on around them. They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere. The rest of us have to evade （避让）them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision （碰撞）. The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment, in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others. —Mechael Horan ★ I loved the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists （ (Viewpoints, May 29）). I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads. I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me. The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used. The police do nothing. What a laugh they are! The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets, fluorescent （发荧光的）jackets and lights at night and in the morning. They should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them. —Carol Harvey ★Cyclists jump on and off pavements （which are meant for pedestrians）, ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red. I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him. Other road users, including horse rides, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists? It's about time they were registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim compensation. —JML Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper. 36. Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that ______. A. drivers should be polite to cyclists B. road accidents can actually be avoided C. walking while using phones hurts one's eyes D. some pedestrians are a threat to road safety 37. Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should_______ . A. be asked to ride on their own lanes B. be made to pay less tax for cycling C. be fined for laughing at policemen D. be provided with enough roads 38. What is a complaint of JML? A. Very few drivers are insured. B. Cyclists ride fast on pavements. C. Pedestrians go through red traffic lights. D. Horse riders disrespect other road users. 39. The three letters present viewpoints on_______ . A. ways to improve road facilities B. the real source of road danger C. measures to punish road offences D. increased awareness of road rules 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. B 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一片议论文。 本文围绕一个主题展开一场争论——谁才是马路安全隐患的威胁？不遵 守交通规则的骑自行车的人给行人带了了很多的危险。 【36 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的 Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists. But pedestrians are probably worse offenders.(许多司机不尊重骑自行车的人。但行人可能是更糟糕的违规者。)和第四段 The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment, in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others.(真正的问题是，一些行人似乎，至少 目前，沉浸在他们自己的世界，对他们来说，自己比其他人的幸福更重要。)可推断，Michael Horan 写信主要为了展示一些行人对道路安全构成威胁。故选 D。 【37 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Carol Harvey 所说的话 The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets, fluorescent (发荧光的) jackets and lights at night and in the morning. they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.(骑自行车的人都应该在早上和晚上 使用自行车道和戴头盔，佩戴荧光夹克和灯。如果不穿他们应该支付一些税收和罚款)，可知， Carol Harvey 建议要求骑自行车的人在他们自己的车道上骑行。故选 A。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 JML 所说的话：Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.(骑自行车的人在人行道上跳上跳下（人行道是为行人准备 的），沿着人行道快速行驶，认为他们有特殊的权利在红灯时通过交通灯。)可推知，JML 抱怨 骑自行车的人在人行道上快速骑车。故选 B。 【39 题详解】 推理判断题。由文章开头“Forget Cyclists, Pedestrians are Real Danger. We are having a debate about this topic. Here are some letters from our readers.(忘记骑自行车的人，行人是真正的危险。 我们正在就这个问题进行辩论。下面是读者的来信。）”以及三封信的具体内容可知，这篇文 章主要探讨了谁是道路安全的真正隐患，是骑自行车的人，还是行人？故选 B。 【点睛】细节理解题是阅读理解中常见的题型。考生在做这类题时一定要仔细审题，弄懂题 干，题干当中往往有重要信息，然后回文定位，找到依据。比如此题第 2 题，根据题干定位 Carol Harvey 所说的话 The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets, fluorescent (发荧光的) jackets and lights at night and in the morning. they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.(骑自行车的人都应该在早上和晚上使用自行车道和戴头 盔，佩戴荧光夹克和灯。如果不穿他们应该支付一些税收和罚款)，可知，Carol Harvey 建议要 求骑自行车的人在他们自己的车道上骑行。故选 A。 B eXp Realty is one of the world's fastest-growing and most successful real estate （房地产） companies. It has become famous not for investing in actual real estate, but for focusing on virtual reality offices that allow its agents and brokers （中间商）to interact and socialize from anywhere around the globe. Glenn Sanford, eXp Realty's founder and CEO, founded the company a decade ago, soon after the real estate market collapse of 2007. He couldn't afford to buy or rent office space. What's more important, he figured that focusing on a system that allowed his team to work remotely would help the company avoid possible real estate crises in the future. So eXp Realty relied on services like Google Docs, project management solutions like Trello, and communications app Slack to help its workforce work together in virtual reality. "The virtual campus is a big part of our growth engine. If we were limited to actual offices, the growth we've had simply wouldn't be possible," Scott Petronis, chief technology officer of eXp Realty said. Having a virtual campus in the virtual world rather than in the real one apparently has several major advantages. For the most important one, eXp Realty can hire whatever talent they like, no matter where they are. As long as they have Internet connection, they can interact with their colleagues and the company management like avatars （虚拟人）because they can walk around the campus, enter various virtual facilities, and interact with each other. While the main focus is on work and brainstorming, eXp Realty is constantly adding fun stuff as well, like riding on a virtual lake and enjoying a drink at the bar. At the beginning of 2018, eXp Realty had around 6,500 brokers, but till today that number has increased to over 12,000. They are operating in 300 markets across the US and Canada. If that isn't enough to convince you, the company was recently listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market, with first-day market capitalization of over $1 billion. But it doesn't own or lease any more physical space than what is required by law. 40. What do we know about eXp Realty? A. It relies much on technology. B. It was founded by accident. C. It's famous for its large offices. D. It's a branch company of Google. 41. What mainly inspired Glenn Sanford to adopt virtual offices? A. He could work closely with famous online services. B. He is quite professional in the field of information technology. C. Virtual offices can enable him to avoid potential real estate crises. D. The starting base for the virtual real estate market was low at that time. 42. What's the biggest advantage of having a virtual campus? A. Agents and brokers can communicate timely. B. It helps attract talents regardless of their location. C. Companies can cooperate with high-tech avatars. D. Employees can have a relaxing work environment. 43. We can infer from the last paragraph that eXp . A. is really a success B. has some illegal businesses C. is expanding its business worldwide D. has poor performance in the stock market 44. What might be the best title of the passage? A. Why Does Real Estate Industry Grow So Quickly? B. Billion Dollar Real Estate Company 一 eXp Realty C. Virtual Reality Office Vs. Physical Office Space D. What Can Virtual Reality Do to Our Business? 【答案】40. A 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了世界上增长最快， 最成功的房地产公司——eXp Realty。 【40 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的 It has become famous not for investing in actual real estate, but for focusing on virtual reality offices that allow its agents and brokers（中间商）to interact and socialize from anywhere around the globe.(它之所以出名，并不是因为投资真实的房地产，而是因为专注 于虚拟现实办公室，让它的代理商和中间商在全球任何地方进行互动和社交。)可知，eXp Realty 在很大程度上依赖于技术。故选 A。 【41 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 What's more important, he figured that focusing on a system that allowed his team to work remotely would help the company avoid possible real estate crises in the future.(更重要的是，他认为专注于一个允许他的团队远程工作的系统将有助于公司避免未来可 能的房地产危机。)可知，虚拟办公室可以使他避免潜在的房地产危机鼓舞 格伦·桑福德采用 虚拟办公室。故选 C。 【42 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的 For the most important one, eXp Realty can hire whatever talent they like, no matter where they are.(最重要的，eXp Realty 可以雇用任何他们喜欢的人才，无论他们 在哪里。)可知，拥有虚拟校园的最大优势是它有助于吸引人才，无论他们的位置在哪里。故 选 B。 【43 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 but till today that number has increased to over 12,000. They are operating in 300 markets across the US and Canada.(但到今天为止，这一数字已增加到 12,000 多 人，他们在美国和加拿大的 300 个市场上运作。)和 the company was recently listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market, with first-day market capitalization of over $1 billion.(该公司最近在纳斯达克股票 市场上市，第一天市值超过 10 亿$。)可推断，eXp 非常成功。故选 A。 【44 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的 eXp Realty is one of the world's fastest-growing and most successful real estate （房地产） companies.(EXp Realty 是世界上增长最快、最成功的房地产公司之一。) 以及下文内容可推断，本文主要讲述世界最成功的房地产公司 eXp Realty。故 B 项“亿元房地 产公司一 eXp 房地产.”为最佳标题。故选 B。 【点睛】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心 要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己 根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄 清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。 本题第 4 小题，根据第一段的 eXp Realty is one of the world's fastest-growing and most successful real estate （房地产） companies.(EXp Realty 是世界上增长最快、最成功的房地产公司之一。) 以及下文内容可推断，本文主要讲述世界最成功的房地产公司 eXp Realty。故 B 项“亿元房地 产公司一 eXp 房地产.”为最佳标题。故选 B。 C Average age is rising around the world——a demographic （人口统计）change that may pose a significant challenge to efforts to slow down climate change. Hossein Estiri at Harvard University and Emilio Zagheni of the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Germany, have found that energy use increases as we get older, and not just because we tend to get wealthier. An ageing population could mean a greater proportion of society with higher energy use, their study suggests. They combined two decades, worth of data from thousands of US households and used this to build a model to reveal how energy use varied across 17 age groups between 1987 and 2009. They found that, on average, children's energy consumption （肖耗）climbs as they grow up, before dipping slightly when they leave home. Consumption then rises again when people hit their 30s, before briefly dropping after 55, and then beginning to climb again. The study involved factors such as income, local climate and the age, type and size of a person's home. The increase in energy use at various points in our lifespan （寿命）seems to be the result of life style and how our needs change as we age. Why does demand grow so much in our 30s? “We need more of everything. More space, a bigger TV two fridges," says Estiri. The study found that, in warmer parts of the US, energy use increases in people over the age of 65—probably as a result of increased use of air conditioning, This suggests that there is a feedback effect between climate change and an ageing population that will only make matters worse. Heat waves have become more common in the US in recent years and are expected to become more frequent due to global warming. More older people using more electrical energy to keep cool as temperatures rise could add to emissions （排放），and thus drive more warming until our energy supply becomes entirely fossil fuel-free. “This confluence （汇集）of population, ageing and climate change on energy demand is really important to start thin king about," says Estiri. Benjamin Sovacool at the University of Sussex, UK, says the work shows the importance of demographics when it comes to cutting carbon emissions. Most modelling of climate change mitigation （减缓气候变化的模型） assumes people's energy consumption either stays the same or only changes by a small amount over time. "This study directly challenges that entire body of research by forcing it to fight with the temporality and complexity of the consumption of energy, says Sovacool. Catherine Mitchell at the University of Exeter, UK, says the research could have an important influence on policy makers. "What the paper says is that there is a lot of work about how buildings use energy, but probably not enough about how the people in them use energy," she says. 45. By saying “not just because we tend to get wealthier" in Paragraph 2, the writer probably means that . A. poor people can't bring down the high demand for energy B. a comfortable life is not the main cause of in creased energy use C. there are some other reasons leading to the increase in energy consumption D. people being wealthy or not has nothing to do with the rise of energy consumption 46. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 3? A. Children consumes more energy when they leave home. B. Energy consumption drops briefly before people hit 55. C. The researchers built a model to study the data from US households. D. Energy consumption varies with the change of lifestyle and demand at different ages. 47. Which of the following statements is Hossein Estiri most likely to support? A. Energy will stop increasing when people get older. B. His research could inspire policymakers to change current polices. C. Various factors influencing energy consumption should be considered. D. Old people should use fossil fuel-free rather than electrical energy to keep cool. 48. What is the shortcoming of most modeling of climate change mitigation? A. It is expensive and difficult to promote. B. It overestimates the household energy consumption. C. It did not take climate change adaptation into account. D. It regards energy consumption as stable or as only slightly changing. 49. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. More emphasis should be put on people's energy use. B. The government can't do much without the support of the study. C. It is the buildings, not the people in side, that consume the majority of the energy. D. Policymakers have been working on how to cut down people's energy use. 50. Which column may the article be taken from on the Internet? A. Health. B. Environment. C. Human. D. Technology. 【答案】45. C 46. D 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了人类消耗的能源对大自然的影响，人口老龄化对全球气 候变化产生很大影响。 【45 题详解】 推理判断题。根据下文 An ageing population could mean a greater proportion of society with higher energy use, their study suggests.(他们的研究表明，人口老龄化可能意味着更大比例的社会有更 高的能源使用)可推断 energy use increases as we get older, and not just because we tend to get wealthier.的句意是：随着年龄的增长，能源的使用也会增加，而不仅仅是因为我们倾向于变得 更富有。也就是说还有一些其他原因导致能源消耗增加。故选 C。 【46 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句 The increase in energy use at various points in our lifespan （寿命）seems to be the result of life style and how our needs change as we age.( 在我们的寿命的 各个点上，能源使用的增加似乎是生活方式的结果，也是我们的需求随着年龄的增长而变化 的结果。)并结合上文内容可推断，作者在这一段打算告诉我们能源消费随着不同年龄的生活 方式和需求的变化而变化。故选 D。 【47 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段的“This confluence （汇集）of population, ageing and climate change on energy demand is really important to start thin king about," says Estiri.(埃斯蒂里说：“人口、老龄 化和气候变化对能源需求的这种融合，对于建立一个降低能源消耗的国家是非常重要的。)可 推断，Estiri 最可能支持影响能源消耗的各种因素都需要考虑。故选 C。 【48 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的 Most modelling of climate change mitigation （减缓气候变化的 模型） assumes people's energy consumption either stays the same or only changes by a small amount over time.(大多数减缓气候变化的模型都假设人们的能源消耗要么保持不变，要么随时 间发生少量变化。)可知，大多数气候变化缓解模型的缺点是认为能源消耗是稳定的或只是轻 微的变化。故选 D。 【49 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 What the paper says is that there is a lot of work about how buildings use energy, but probably not enough about how the people in them use energy(论文上说，关于建筑 物如何使用能源，有很多工作要做，但关于建筑物中的人如何使用能源，可能还不够)可推断， 应该更加强调人们的能源使用。故选 A。 【50 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文特别是第一段 Average age is rising around the world——a demographic （人口统计）change that may pose a significant challenge to efforts to slow down climate change. 可知，文章主要讲述人们对于能源使用的问题，随着人口老龄化，人们使用更多的能源，对 环境产生更多的影响，因此推断文章与环境有关，应来自网络上的环境版块。故选 B。 D Many parents worry that showing negative emotions in front of their children will cause them to suffer. For example, children may end up thinking it's their fault or simply "catch" the emotion. Indeed, this worry has a sound basis — the phenomenon of “emotional contagion"（情绪感染）is real, and one recent study found that parents can transfer their fear of going to the dentist, for example, to their children. On the other hand, there is the natural idea that we should “be real" with our children, and that they will benefit from watching a parent who struggles and eventually deals with their negative emotions like any other human being. There are three concepts to consider when it comes to emotional display in front of children: suppression（压抑），"uncontained" expression, and talking about emotions. Suppression of emotion is when you hide the outward signs of an emotion. Unfortunately, it doesn't work very well — the act of suppressing your emotion actually increases your blood pressure. Observers can pick up on your distress despite your efforts to hide it, making them feel stressed. The recent research has also found that when parents feel negative emotions and keep them from their children, they experience lower relationship quality and decreased responsiveness to their child's needs. On the other hand, “uncontained" expression of anger and sadness by the parent is also not salutary for the child. Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this . So, what is the middle ground? That would be talking about emotion taking ownership of them and showing your child that you are trying to deal with them. Classic research found that six-year-old kids had better emotional understanding and perspective-taking skills if their mothers had talked to them about their emotions at the age of three. In fact, the more the mothers had talked, the better the outcome would be. So next time you feel sad, angry or frustrated and your child is watching you expressing emotion, do explain what's going on in terms they can understand. 51. The author uses the example of going to the dentist mainly to _______. A. explain parents' common fear B. introduce the topic of negative emotions C. show children may catch parents' emotions D. present the consequences of transferring negative emotions 52. If a mother suppresses （(压抑)）her emotions, . A. she will not make her kids feel stressed B. she can hide her emotions from her kids C. she will often shout at her kids for no reasons D. she can't respond effectively to her kids' needs 53 What does the underlined word "salutary" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Enough. B. Beneficial. C. Necessary. D. Reliable. 54. What is the author's intention of writing this text? A. To encourage parents to "be real" with our children. B. To call on parents to develop a positive attitude to life. C. To inform parents of the consequences of negative emotions. D. To recommend parents to talk about negative emotions with children. 55. What's the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 【答案】51. C 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了许多父母担心在孩子面前表现出负面情绪会让孩子痛苦。研 究表明这种担忧——“情绪传染”现象是真实存在的。但是父母应该真实地对待孩子，孩子 可以处理这种负面情绪。 【51 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的 Indeed, this worry has a sound basis — the phenomenon of “emotional contagion"（情绪感染）is real, and one recent study found that parents can transfer their fear of going to the dentist, for example, to their children.( 事实上，这种担心有坚实的基础——“情绪传染” 现象是真实的，最近的一项研究发现，例如，父母可以把他们去看牙医的恐惧转移给孩子。) 可推断，作者使用看牙医的例子是为了说明孩子可以感染父母的情绪。故选 C。 【52 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的 Suppression of emotion is when you hide the outward signs of an emotion. Unfortunately, it doesn't work very well — the act of suppressing your emotion actually increases your blood pressure. (抑制情绪是你隐藏情绪的外在迹象的时候，不幸的是，它不能很 好地起作用——抑制你的情绪实际上会增加你的血压。)可推断，如果一个母亲压抑她的情绪， 她就不能有效地对孩子的需求做出反应。故选 D。 【53 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文 Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this .( 不包含意味着强烈的情绪，没有试图调整或拥有它。 喊，砸东 西和指责别人“让你生气”都是这方面的例子。)可推断，划线句表示：父母“不受约束”地 表达愤怒和悲伤对孩子无益的。故划线词词义是：受益的。故选 B。 【54 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 So next time you feel sad, angry or frustrated and your child is watching you expressing emotion, do explain what's going on in terms they can understand. (因此，下次当你感到悲伤、愤怒或沮丧，而你的孩子正在看着你表达情感时，请用他们能理 解的术语解释发生了什么。)可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐家长与孩子谈论负面情绪。 故选 D。 【55 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，一、二段阐述最近的一项研究发现，父母可以把他们的情绪转 移给孩子。三、四、五段阐述父母的情绪对孩子的影响，与孩子谈论情绪，找到中间地带； 最后一段提出建议。故选 B。 【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义或句意题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前 后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义或句意是使用最广考查最多也最 易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已 知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第 3 小题。根据下文 Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this .( 不包含意味着强烈的情绪，没有试图调整或拥有它。 喊，砸东西和指责别人“让你生 气”都是这方面的例子。)可推断，划线句表示：父母“不受约束”地表达愤怒和悲伤对孩子无 益的。故划线词词义是：受益的。故选 B。 第 II 卷 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Kobe Bryant wasn't the first NBA player to visit China. But he was the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation. Kobe's first visit was in 1998, and in conducting basketball clinics （篮球训练营），doing business and participating in charity, he was warmly welcomed in the basketball-loving country. Once, nearly 15,000 people showed up at 9 am for an event at which Kobe was scheduled to appear at 4 pm. USA Basketball chairman Jerry Colangelo saw firsthand Kobe's popularity during Kobe's time with Team USA at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, when as captain he led the team to a gold medal. "There were tens of thousands of people on the streets, yelling, 'Kobe! Kobe!' It was unbelievable, just unbelievable," Colangelo said. "It's harder for me to walk around here than in the United States," Kobe once told reporters in China in 2013. “It's uncontrollable. Fans rush you and surround you, and it gets to the point where you can't go out." His last visit was in August last year for the 2019 FIBA World Cup. He told reporters, “I watched the country develop from the ground up. I watched Beijing grow. I watched the passion for the game develop. My goal is to develop the country's basketball to a level where they can compete with the best basketball countries in the world,", Kobe said. Kobe was and perhaps remains China's favourite NBA player, and fans in the country were shocked by his death in a helicopter crash in January this year. Tencent, the NBA's digital partner in China, posted a memorial page that drew more than five million visitors in less than five days. Just two days before Kobe died, he posted a short video on the Chinese micro-blogging site Weibo, wishing Chinese fans a happy new year. How sorrowful his fans are when they watch the video again! 56. Apart from being an excellent NBA players, what else makes Kobe Bryant special to Chinese fans? (no more than 15 words) 57. What does the author want to prove, telling us what Jerry Colangelo saw at the 2008 Beijing Olympics? (no more than 10 words) 58. What does the underlined phrase "from the ground up" mean in paragraph 5? (no more than 8 words) 59. What made Kobe Bryant confident that China's basketball can be one of the best in the world? (no more than 15 words) 60. How do you find Kobe Bryant? Please give your reason, (no more than 20 words) 【答案】56. He was the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation. Or: Being the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation. Or: Being the first player to help China become a basketball-crazed nation. Or: Being the first player to help make China a basketball-crazed nation. Or: His attempt/desire/intention to help China become a basketball-crazed nation. 57. That Kobe enjoys great popularity in China.（只要答出受欢迎即可+2） Or: Kobe is very popular with Chinese. 58. Gradually from the beginning.（答出从头开始即可） Or: Steadily from the very beginning. Or: From the basic to the highest. Or: From the beginning to the highest. Or: From the low to the high level. 59. He saw China’s development and Chinese people’s passion for basketball. Or: He saw China develop fast and people have passion for basketball. Or: Chinese people show great passion for the game.（只给一分） Or: Chinese people have great passion for the game. Or: Chinese like/love the game very much Or: That Chinese people show great passion for the game. 60. Open 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国洛杉矶湖人队著名篮球队员科比在中国拥有很高的受欢 迎度，以及他对中国篮球的影响，科比开创了中国最受欢迎的篮球运动员。 【56 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段 Kobe Bryant wasn't the first NBA player to visit China. But he was the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation.（科比不是第一个访问中国的 NBA 球员。但他是第一个帮助中国成长为一个篮球迷的国家的球员。）除了是一位优秀的篮球运动 员，科比也是第一个帮助中国成长为一个篮球迷的国家的球员。根据限定次数，故答案是 He was the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation. Or: Being the first player to help China grow into a basketball-crazed nation. Or: Being the first player to help China become a basketball-crazed nation. Or: Being the first player to help make China a basketball-crazed nation. Or: His attempt/desire/intention to help China become a basketball-crazed nation. 【57 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的"There were tens of thousands of people on the streets, yelling, 'Kobe! Kobe!' It was unbelievable, just unbelievable,"( ”街上有成千上万的人大声喊道：“科比！ 科比！ 这是难以置信的，难以置信的。)可推断，科比在中国享有很高的受欢迎度。结合词数限制， 故答案是 That Kobe enjoys great popularity in China. Kobe is very popular with Chinese. 【58 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文 I watched Beijing grow. I watched the passion for the game develop. (我看 着北京长大。 我看着比赛的激情发展起来。)可推断，科比说看着这个国家从头逐渐发展起来， 划线部分意思是从头住家开始。故答案是：Gradually from the beginning. Or: Steadily from the very beginning.Or: From the basic to the highest.Or: From the beginning to the highest.Or: From the low to the high level. 【59 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“I watched the country develop from the ground up. I watched Beijing grow. I watched the passion for the game develop. My goal is to develop the country's basketball to a level where they can compete with the best basketball countries in the world,"(我亲眼目睹了这个 国家的发展。我看着北京长大。我看着比赛的激情发展起来。我的目标是把这个国家的篮球 发展到他们可以竞争的水平, 拥有世界上最好的篮球国家，)可推断，科比见证了中国的发展 和中国人民对篮球的热情。让他相信中国的篮球可以成为世界上最好的篮球之一。根据词数 限制，故答案是 He saw China’s development and Chinese people’s passion for basketball.Or: He saw China develop fast and people have passion for basketball. Or: Chinese people show great passion for the game.（只给一分）Or: Chinese people have great passion for the game.Or: Chinese like/love the game very much.Or: That Chinese people show great passion for the game. 【60 题详解】 开放题。根据文章内容以及文章对科比的阐述，给出切合文章中心的答案并合理解释即可。 第二节：书面表达(满分 25 分) 61.假定你是天津晨中学学生会主席李津，你得知英国友好学校的戏剧社在当地很有名气，你 的学校正计划成立戏剧社团，请你根据以下提示给对方戏剧社团团长 James 写封邮件，向他 咨询。 (1)向对方戏剧社团表示敬意； (2)介绍本校成立戏剧社团的目的和计划； (3)向对方咨询(如：怎样挑选成员，询问活动内容等)。 注意：(1)词数不少于 100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头已给出,不计入总词数。 参考词汇：戏剧社团 drama club Dear James, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】Dear James, I’m learned that the School Theatre Society in your school is well known locally and We admire very much. Our school is planning a drama club too，so I’m writing to ask you to give us some suggestions. Our drama club is aimed at helping students to learn more about our traditional drama culture and enrich our school life. We plan to organize some activities. For example, we'll invite some opera specialists to give lectures．Besides，we plan to organize some contests to improve the students’ interest. We hope to attract those who have great interest in our traditional culture and would like to exchange ideas with others． Would you be kind enough to offer some suggestions on how to choose members and what the activities include？ We are really excited about setting up the club. I would appreciate it if you could give me a reply at your earliest convenience. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。假定你是天津 晨中学学生会主席李津，你得知英国友好学校的戏剧社在当地很有名气，你的学校正计划成 立戏剧社团，请你根据以下提示给对方戏剧社团团长 James 写封邮件，向他咨询。(1)向对方 戏剧社团表示敬意；(2)介绍本校成立戏剧社团的目的和计划；(3)向对方咨询(如：怎样挑选成 员，询问活动内容等)。人称使用第一、三人称。时态应为一般现在时。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：well known；admire；be aimed at；enrich； give lectures；exchange ideas；offer suggestions；set up 等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰 满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能 力。例如: Our school is planning a drama club too，so I’m writing to ask you to give us some suggestions.运用了并列句式；Our school is planning a drama club too，so I’m writing to ask you to give us some suggestions.运用了定语从句；would you be kind enough to offer some suggestions on how to choose members and what the activities include？ 运用了固定句型和不定式。