北京市中国人民大学附属中学2020届高三6月模拟（三模）英语试题 Word版含解析

北京市中国人民大学附属中学2020届高三6月模拟（三模）英语试题 Word版含解析

人大附中2019-2020学年度高三6月统一练习题 英语试题 本试卷共10页。满分120分。考试时间100分钟。将答案填涂、书写在答题纸上、在试卷上作答无效。‎ 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)‎ 第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)‎ A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的 空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ A video went viral online that showed a man saving a 2-year-old girl who was stuck in the burglar bars of her apartment in Nanning.‎ On Sunday, the toddler, who was home alone, climbed to the balcony of her home on the fifth floor and became___1___ (trap) in the burglar bars. Xu Hongwei, a former member of the armed police, climbed up the building's balconies ___2___(reach) the girl and held her up with hands to keep her from falling for nearly half an hour. He ___3___comfort) her by saying, "I am with you. Come on, climb down the balcony." The girl was finally saved ___4___ the help of other neighbors.‎ ‎【答案】1. trapped ‎ ‎2. to reach ‎ ‎3. comforted ‎ ‎4. with ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙发生在南宁的一个在网上走红的救人事情的视频。两岁的小孩被卡在防护栏里，一位五年前的退役军人勇救小孩的经过。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查动词过去分词作形容词做表语的用法。句意：星期天，这个刚学走路的幼童一人在家，爬上了在五楼她家的阳台，然后被困在防护栏里。became后面加形容词做表语，这是一般语法规则，这里因为是动词trap，所以将动词trap用它的过去分词形式做形容词的用法改成形容词trapped，表示被困住在……。故填trapped。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词不定式做目的状语的用法。句意：徐宏伟（音）一名已经退役的武装警察，爬上建筑的阳台去够这个小女孩，然后用手托住她接近半个小时，以免她掉下来。这里爬上阳台的目的是去够这个女孩，以便托住她不让她掉下来。表示目的的词语使用不定式结构：to reach。故填to reach。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查动词的时态用法。句意：他安慰她说，“我和你在一起，来，爬下阳台。”这里安慰这个动词使用一般过去时态，因为整个事情记叙的是发生了的事情，是描述过去的某一事情。故填comforted。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 考查介词搭配的用法。句意：在其他邻居的帮助下，这个小女孩最终得救了。这里the help of….前面应该加上介词构成固定搭配表示在……的帮助下。而这个固定搭配是with the help of…。故填with。‎ B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的 空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ Many colleges and universities support gap — year projects by permitting students to delay their admission. Experts say students can grow emotionally and intellectually ___5___ they work at something they enjoy. The Harvard admissions office has an essay on its web site called "Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation." ___6___ praises the idea of taking time off to step back, think and enjoy gaining life experiences outside the pressure of studies. It also notes that students sometimes ___7___ (admit) to Harvard or other colleges in part because they did something unusual with that time.‎ ‎【答案】5. as/because/since ‎ ‎6. It 7. are admitted ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。很多大学支持休学一年再去上大学的方式，哈佛大学对此也表示支持。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 考查原因状语从句。句意：专家说学生可以在情感和智力上成长，因为他们从事他们喜欢的工作。分析句子可知，“they work at something they enjoy”是“students can grow emotionally and intellectually”的原因，空处应使用引导原因状语从句的连词。故填as/because/since。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：它表扬了休学一年再回归的想法。上文提到“哈佛大学招生办公室在自己的网站上有一篇论文”，此处指“这篇论文”表扬了休学一年再回归的想法，所以空处应使用it指代上文中的“an essay”，在句中做主语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它也指出，有时学生被录取到哈佛大学或其他大学部分是因为他们用那些时间做了不寻常的事情。be admitted to“被......录取”为固定短语，动词admit与主语students之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据时间状语“sometimes”可知应使用一般现在时，主语students是复数，故填are admitted。‎ C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ Our school produces a lot of rubbish every day, such as leftover food, waste paper and plastic bottles, ___8___ brings a wide range of environmental problems as well as the waste of resources. Therefore, it's time we took immediate action to change the situation.‎ First of all, it is necessary for us to raise ___9___ (aware) of environmental protection and develop the good habit of garbage sorting. What's more, we should voluntarily differentiate recyclable rubbish from non-recyclables in our daily life.‎ In a word, if everyone does his bit responsibly in garbage sorting, our school ___10___(become) better and better.‎ ‎【答案】8. which ‎ ‎9. awareness ‎ ‎10. will become ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文，文章主要论述了我们应提高环保意识，养成垃圾分类的好习惯。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 考查非限定性定语从句关系词。句意：我们学校每天产生大量的垃圾，比如剩饭剩饭，废纸和塑料瓶，这带来了广泛的环境问题和资源浪费。从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，故此句为非限定性定语从句。先行词指代前面的整个句子，故用关系代词which。故填which。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：首先，我们有必要提高环保意识，养成垃圾分类的好习惯。固定短语raise awareness of提高自觉性，提高意识。故此处应用aware的名词形式。故填awareness。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 考查if引导的条件状语从句。句意：总之，如果每个人在垃圾分类中尽自己的一份责任，我们的学校会变得越来越好。分析句子结构可知，如果从句“每个人在垃圾分类中尽自己的一份责任”发生，那么主句“我们的学校会变得越来越好”也会发生，从句为一般现在时，主句用一般将来时表示将来的情况。故填will become。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。例如，第1小题，从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，故此句为非限定性定语从句，先行词指代前面的整个句子，故用关系代词which。故填 which。‎ 第二节 完形填空〔共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。‎ I moved to a new city and took a job in marketing. I didn't really understand whether it____11____me. I enjoyed doing things that I felt had____12____—I could see their benefit and feel their impact. As the months passed, I felt it just wasn't for me. I needed to find a way out.‎ A job advertisement for a(n)____13____for a new youth magazine came at exactly the right time. I applied and was____14____. My role was to help teams of young people edit their____15____and help them with their work. I had assumed the magazine would be a(n)____16____of games and dull reviews, so I was____17____when one of the first pieces written was about social welfare.____18____, I found something I was interested in. ‎ I felt a____19____in me straight away. I had a purpose again. Days were lost to discussing hot topics and_____20_____the words of their strong and opinionated (坚持己见的) voices._____21_____in their world, I could see myself making a difference to the team's_____22_____ability. As our website_____23_____increased and the work shifted to reflect what our_____24_____wanted, I developed a greater_____25_____of what young people might want to read.‎ The biggest change the job brought, _____26_____,was to my well-being. It is rare you find yourself in a job you love, one that you are happy to_____27_____each day. I was thriving (充实）in this_____28_____environment, inspired by the talented young people I was helping to_____29_____their careers. Now, I realize that there are jobs that will keep you happy,_____30_____and inspired.‎ ‎11. A. messed with B. applied to C. relied on D. waited for ‎12 A. purpose B. convenience C. restriction D. entertainment ‎13. A. reporter B. lawyer C. editor D. typist ‎14. A. independent B. intelligent C. successful D. ambitious ‎15. A. courses B. references C. software D. content ‎16. A. replacement B. mixture C. innovation D. symbol ‎17. A. amused B. embarrassed C. touched D. surprised ‎18. A. Naturally B. Generally C. Frequently D. Finally ‎19. A. contrast B. shock C. change D. shame ‎20. A. reading B. translating C. spelling D. copying ‎21. A. Trapped B. Hidden C. Invested D. Imagined ‎22. A. gaming B. marketing C. writing D. communicating ‎23. A. hits B. pages C. profits D. advertisements ‎24. A. monitors B. sponsors C. colleagues D. audiences ‎25. A. distinction B. understanding C. expectation D. recording ‎26. A. though B. instead C. otherwise D. therefore ‎27 A. go into B. leave behind C. refer to D. set aside ‎28. A. troublesome B. creative C. tough D. conservative ‎29. A. transfer B. rescue C. discipline D. further ‎30. A. lucky B. popular C. energetic D. honest ‎【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢做有目的性的事情，因此找了一份编辑工作，在这份工作中，作者得到了快乐和成长。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我真的不明白这是否适用于我。A. messed with搞砸了；B. applied to适用；C. relied on依靠；D. waited for等待。由下文的I felt it just wasn't for me可知，作者这时不明白这个销售工作是否适用于自己。故选B项。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢做我觉得有目的的事情——我能看到它们的好处，感受它们的影响。A. purpose目的；B. convenience方便；C. restriction限制；D. entertainment娱乐。由下文的I had a purpose again可知，作者做事喜欢有目的。故选A项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为一家新青年杂志社招聘编辑的招聘广告来得正是时候。A.‎ ‎ reporter记者；B. lawyer律师；C. editor编辑；D. typist打字员。由下文的My role was to help teams of young people edit可知，此处招的是编辑。故选C项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我申请成功了。A. independent独立的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. successful成功的；D. ambitious有志向的。由下文可知，作者在这家杂志社从事编辑工作，所以作者申请工作成功了。故选C项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的职责是帮助年轻人编辑他们的内容，并帮助他们完成工作。A. courses课程；B. references参考书；C. software软件；D. content内容。由上文语境可知，作者申请杂志编辑的工作，所以职责是帮助年轻人编辑他们的内容，并帮助他们完成工作。故选D项。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体。A. replacement代替；B. mixture混合；C. innovation创新；D. symbol标志。由下文的games and dull reviews可知，作者本以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体。故选B项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体，所以当我第一篇写的是关于社会福利的文章时，我很惊讶。A. amused愉快的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. touched感动的；D. surprised惊讶的。由上文语境可知，作者本以为这本杂志是游戏和枯燥评论的混合体，但作者第一篇写的是关于社会福利的文章，所以作者会惊讶。故选D项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我找到了我感兴趣的东西。A. Naturally自然地；B. Generally一般地；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Finally最终地。由全文语境可知，作者一开始找到了不适合自己的销售工作到最后申请去当编辑做自己喜欢的事，所以，最终，找到了自己感兴趣的东西。故选D项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻感觉到了自己的变化。A. contrast对比；B. shock震惊；C. change改变；D. shame耻辱。由下文的The biggest change the job brought可知，此处指作者感到了一种变化。故选C项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天的时间都浪费在讨论热门话题和阅读他们强烈而固执己见话语的声音上了。A. reading阅读；B. translating翻译；C. spelling拼写；D. copying复制。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，所以要阅读强烈而固执己见的话语。故选A项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入在他们的世界里，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响。A. Trapped困住；B. Hidden躲藏；C. Invested投入；D. Imagined想象。由下文语境可知，作者发现自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响，说明作者投入了年轻人的世界，认真地阅读他们强烈而固执己见的话语，所以对写作能力有影响。故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：投入在他们的世界里，我可以看到自己对团队的写作能力产生了影响。A. gaming打赌、赌输；B. marketing推销；C. writing写作；D. communicating交流。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，作者认真地阅读他们强烈而固执己见的话语，所以对写作能力有影响。故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击率的增加，工作转变为反映我们的读者想要什么。A. hits点击；B. pages页码；C. profits利益；D. advertisements广告。由上文的website可知，此处指网站点击率。故选A项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们网站点击率的增加，工作转变为反映我们的读者想要什么。A. monitors监控器；B. sponsors赞助者；C. colleagues同事；D. audiences读者、观众。由上文语境可知，作者是一位编辑，他的工作对象应该是读者。故选D项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对年轻人可能想要阅读有了更深入的了解。A. distinction区别；B. understanding理解；C. expectation期望；D. recording记录。由上文语境可知，作者的工作反映他们的读者想要什么，说明作者对年轻人可能想要阅读有了更深入的了解。故选B项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，这份工作给我带来的最大变化是我的幸福。A. though 不过；B. instead代替；C. otherwise否则；D. therefore因此。由全文语境可知，此处指“不过”，应用though，符合语境。故选A项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：很少有人能找到自己喜欢且每天都乐于从事的工作。A. go into从事；B. leave behind留下；C. refer to提及；D. set aside搁置。由上文的a job you love可知，此处指喜欢且每天都乐于从事的工作。故选A项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在这个充满创造力的环境中茁壮成长。A. troublesome麻烦的；B. creative创造力的；C. tough艰难的；D. conservative保守的。由上下文语境可知，作者为年轻人工作，写作能力得到了提升，被他们激励/赋予灵感，说明这是一个具有创造力的环境。故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到我帮助他们进一步发展事业的有才华的年轻人所激励。A. transfer转移；B. rescue拯救；C. discipline惩罚；D. further促进、发展。由上文的My role was to help teams of young people edit their__5__and help them with their work可知，作者帮助年轻人进一步发展事业。故选D项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我意识到有些工作会让你快乐，充满活力和灵感。A. lucky幸运的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. energetic充满活力的；D. honest诚实的。由happy和inspired可知，此处energetic最符合语境。故选C项。‎ 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B. C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A For or Against?—That Is the Question Andy is the most unreasonable and he makes me so angry that I could even scream sometimes! Of course, I sort of have to love him because he is my twin brother. Andy and Amy （that is me） have the same curly hair and dark eyes and are equally stubborn. Yet, on most issues we usually take opposite positions.‎ Just this week in our school, there was a heated discussion on whether to adopt a school dress code. Every student would be required to wear a uniform. The teachers are divided: Some are in favor of the uniforms while others are opposed. The principal has asked the students to express their opinions by voting on the issue before decisions are made. But she will have the final word on the dress code.‎ I think a dress code is a good idea. The reason is simple. The less I have to decide first thing in the morning, the better. I can't tell you how many mornings I look into my closet and just stare, unable to decide what to wear.‎ Andy is shocked at my opinion. Last night, he even dragged out my parents' high school photo albums to show me how brilliant they looked without uniforms! He also declared, "Bruce Springsteen never wore a school uniform. Bob Dylan wouldn't have been caught dead in a school uniform! Besides, when I am feeling political, I want to be able to wear clothes made of natural, undyed fibers, sewn or assembled in countries that do not pollute the environment or exploit child labor. If I have to wear a uniform, I won't feel like me!"‎ To that I replied, "So your personal heroes didn't wear school uniforms. But they went to high school about a million years ago! I feel sorry for you since I had no idea that your ego（自我）is so fragile that it would be completely destroyed by a uniform." That really made him angry and he shouted, "You're just copying what you hear that new music teacher saying because you are crazy about him!"‎ Fortunately, the bell rang before we could do each other physical harm, and we went to our separate classes. The vote for or against uniforms took place later that day. The results of the vote and the principal's decision will be announced next week. I wonder what it will be. I know how I voted, and I'm pretty sure I know how Andy voted. How would you vote---for or against?‎ ‎31. Amy and Andy often get angry with each other because ______ .‎ A. they're both stubborn B. they like different teachers C. they always hold different views D. they don't like each other very much ‎32. Amy holds the idea that ______.‎ A. school clothing should reflect parents' values B. teenagers should never follow the latest clothing fashion C. the way one dresses should be an expression of one's personality D. wearing school uniforms means one makes less decision every morning ‎33. Who will decide whether the students should wear uniforms?‎ A. The principal. B. Their parents.‎ C. Their teachers. D. Students themselves.‎ ‎34. In Paragraph 5, Amy aims to say that ______.‎ A. Andy shouldn't look up to his heroes so much B. our clothes should decide people's attitudes towards us C. Andy's lack of self-confidence is reflected in his clothing D. our clothes shouldn't determine how we feel about ourselves ‎【答案】31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，Andy和Amy虽是双胞胎，但他们在许多问题上通常采取相反的立场，例如在是否采用校服规定的问题上有争执。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Yet, on most issues we usually take opposite positions.”（然而，在大多数问题上，我们通常采取相反的立场。），可知他们经常互相生气是因为他们总是持有不同的观点。故选C项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段中的“The less I have to decide first thing in the morning, the better. I can't tell you how many mornings I look into my closet and just stare, unable to decide what to wear.”（我早上第一件事做决定的时间越少越好。我无法告诉你有多少个早晨我在衣橱里看了看，却无法决定该穿什么。），可推断出Andy认为穿校服意味着一个人每天早上做的决定更少。故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段中的“The principal has asked the students to express their opinions by voting on the issue before decisions are made. But she will have the final word on the dress code.”（校长要求学生们在作出决定前就这个问题进行表决，以表达他们的意见。但她对着装要求有最终决定权。），可知校长决定学生们是否应该穿校服。故选A项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第五段中的“I feel sorry for you since I had no idea that your ego（自我）is so fragile that it would be completely destroyed by a uniform.”（我为你感到遗憾，因为我不知道你的自我如此脆弱，以至于会被制服彻底摧毁。），可推断出Amy想告诉Andy，我们穿的校服并不应该决定我们对自己的看法。故选D项。‎ B Video chat is now the go-to outlet for many social distancers longing for social interaction. But having a successful fete isn't only a question of hopping on camera with friends and kicking off. Social grace is a big part of a successful virtual party — and etiquette doesn't go out the door just because you're in your pajamas in front of a camera.‎ Introduce everyone to the group Gone are the days during which you can introduce yourself to new people at your leisure. Instead, the second you click 'Join Meeting', you're pushed in front of potentially dozens of faces staring straight at you.‎ This is particularly problematic if not everyone on the call knows each other — Zoom itself recommends short ice-breaking sessions for everyone to introduce themselves on meetings.‎ ‎"I like to use the wait room," says Tamiko Zablith, founder of Minding Manners International. "For security reasons, it means outsiders don't come crashing into your meeting. But also, you can let people come in one at a time, and then you can take that time to introduce them to the group as well."‎ Learn the art of the pause Another wildly confusing thing about Zoom parties: everyone has to talk one at a time. There's no chance for small groups to organically form, for joking talk to fill a room, or for guests to talk at the same time. The whole group, no matter how large, can only listen to one person at a time.‎ That's why putting pauses in your speech is critical, especially since low internet speeds or weird audio may mean it's easy for someone to talk over someone else, drowning out what they have to say to the group.‎ ‎"If the internet is a bit unreliable, you have those unstable signals. If I keep rambling, and the other person starts, there's that delay," says Zablith. "Work those pauses into your conversation."‎ Know when to change backgrounds Using Zoom's backgrounds can actually be a courtesy to eliminate distractions behind you.‎ Hiding those dirty dishes or pizza boxes, or obscuring other members of the household coming and going, eliminates distractions and makes the other people feel like they're getting your full attention.‎ ‎"Wouldn't it be better if that distraction just wasn't there?" Zablith says, pointing to the advantage of virtual backgrounds being able to hide anything unsightly behind you. For others, virtual backgrounds also provide a sense of comfort or normalcy to the audience.‎ ‎35. According to the passage, which of the following is considered impolite?‎ A. To introduce everyone individually to the group.‎ B. To use virtual backgrounds to avoid distraction.‎ C. To put several pauses in your online speech.‎ D. To keep silent when joining in the meeting.‎ ‎36. According to Tamiko Zablith, ______.‎ A. Internet speed matters little in Zoom parties B. the wait room makes it easy to introduce everybody C. for some, real room background has a comforting effect D. pauses in speaker's conversation may delay the conference ‎37. What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A. To attract more people to use Zoom.‎ B. To explain how to maintain social manners.‎ C. To offer guidance on Zoom social etiquette.‎ D. To compare online meetings with offline ones.‎ ‎【答案】35. D 36. B 37. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了视频聊天现在是许多渴望社交互动的社交人士的必经之路，但也要注意参加虚拟派对的社交风度，文章给出了一些社交礼仪指导。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段的“This is particularly problematic if not everyone on the call knows each other — Zoom itself recommends short ice-breaking sessions for everyone to introduce themselves ‎ on meetings.”（如果与会的每个人都不认识对方，这就会产生问题—Zoom公司建议大家在会议上做简短的打破僵局的自我介绍。），可知大家在Zoom party上要进行简短的打破僵局的环节来自我介绍，可推断出参加Zoom party时一直沉默是不礼貌的。故选D项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Introduce everyone to the group的“But also, you can let people come in one at a time, and then you can take that time to introduce them to the group as well.”（但同时，你可以让人们一次一个人进来，然后你也可以花时间把他们介绍给小组其它成员。），可知等候室很容易介绍每个人。故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段尾句“Social grace is a big part of a successful virtual party — and etiquette doesn't go out the door just because you're in your pajamas in front of a camera.”（社交风度是成功的虚拟派对的重要组成部分，而礼仪并不是仅仅因为你在摄像机前穿着睡衣就出门了。）和黑体字小标题“Introduce everyone to the group”（把每个人介绍给小组），“Learn the art of the pause”（学习停顿的艺术），“Know when to change backgrounds”（知道什么时候改变背景），可推断出本文的目的在于提供Zoom party的社交礼仪指导。故选C项。‎ C Traveler My fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed traveler’s checks, and is asleep at the moment．His blue duffel(粗呢) bag lies on the floor where he dropped it．Obviously, he postponed as much sleep as he could: when he walked in and we hugged, his electrical system suddenly switched off, and he headed directly for the bed, where I imagine he beat his old record of sixteen hours.‎ ‎ It was his first trip overseas, so weeks before it, I pressed travel books on him, and a tape cassette of useful French phrases; drew up a list of people to visit; advised him on clothing and other things．At the luggage store where we went to buy him a suitcase, he headed for the duffels, saying that suitcases were more for old people．‎ ‎ During the trip, he called home three times: from London, Paris, and a village named Ullapool．Near Ullapool, he climbed a mountain in a rainstorm that almost blew him off．In the village, a man spoke to him in Gaelic, and, too polite to interrupt, my son listened to him for ten or ‎ fifteen minutes, trying to nod in the right places．The French he learned from the cassette didn’t hold water in Paris．The French he talked to shrugged and walked on.‎ ‎ When my son called, I sat down at the kitchen table and leaned forward and hung on every word． His voice came through clearly, though two of the calls were like ship-to-shore communication．When I interrupted him with a “Great!” or a “Really?”, I knocked a little hole in his communication．So I just sat and listened． I have never listened to a telephone so attentively and with so much pleasure．It was wonderful to hear news from him that was so new to me．In my book, he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.‎ ‎ The unused checks are certainly evidence of that．Youth travels light．No suitcase, not much luggage and a slim expense account, and yet he went to the scene, and came back safely．I sit here amazed．The night when your child returns with dust on his shoes from a country you’ve never seen is a night you would gladly turn into a week．‎ ‎38. During the trip, the author’s son ______.‎ A. ran out of money B. had inadequate sleep C. forgot to call his mother D. failed to take good pictures ‎39. According to the passage, which of the following could best describe the author’s son?‎ A. Polite and careless．‎ B. Creative and stubborn.‎ C. Considerate and independent.‎ D. Self-centered and adventurous.‎ ‎40. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A. It is important to listen to your child’s story.‎ B. It’s easy to interrupt the chat with your child.‎ C. The author is proud of her son landing on the moon.‎ D. The son no longer needs much help from his mother.‎ ‎41. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A Good parents should protect their children from potential dangers.‎ B. The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page.‎ C. It’s a win-win choice to give a child space to experience and explore．‎ D. Communication between parents and children is extremely important.‎ ‎【答案】38. B 39. C 40. D 41. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了作者十五岁儿子的旅行，同时介绍了旅行中所发生的事情，作者认为给予自己孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的My fifteen-year-old son has just returned from abroad with rolls of exposed film and a hundred dollars in uncashed traveler’s checks, and is asleep at the moment，可知作者的儿子刚旅游回到家的蒙头大睡了，因此可推断他在旅游的过程中缺乏睡眠，故B选项正确。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段的too polite to interrupt, my son listened to him for ten or fifteen minutes，由此可推断作者的儿子的其中一个性格是considerate(体贴的，考虑周全的)；又根据文章说作者的儿子自己去旅行，很多事情都一个人去处理，也可推断他是一个独立的（independent）的人。结合各个选项的意思，可知选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线单词的所在的句子中的上一句的内容In my book, he was the first man to land on the moon, and I knew that I had no advice to give him and that what I had already given was probably not much help.，可知上一句所说的是作者作为家长实际上也没有给到他儿子多少的建议和意见，由此分析，可知选D正确。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。纵观全文，根据作者对他儿子这次去旅游之前，去的时候给家里打电话以及回来之后的一连串的分析和思考，可知作者认为给予自己孩子足够的自由空间让他们自己去经历和体验是一种双赢的选择，故选C D The cancer death rate in the U.S. fell by the most on record as advances in treatments for lung ‎ tumors （肿瘤） like video-assisted surgery helped prolong the lives of patients.‎ The death rate from cancer has been gradually declining for 26 years, thanks in large part to fewer people smoking cigarettes. But from 2016 to 2017, the most recent period available, it dropped by 2.2%, the most ever in a single year, according to a report released Wednesday by the American Cancer Society. That compares with an average 1.5% yearly decline over the decade. The drop translates to roughly 2.9 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred had death rates remained at their peak. For lung cancer specifically, the death rate declined 4.3% annually from 2013 to 2017.‎ ‎"It is really lung cancer that is driving this," said Rebecca Siegel, scientific director of surveillance research at the American Cancer Society, and lead author on the new study. "We found increases in survival for lung cancer at every stage in diagnosis.”, She attributed the lower deaths to improvements in treatments, including video-assisted surgery that enables more patients with early lung tumors to become eligible for operations; more precise radiation treatment; and better scanning technology that allows doctors to better assess the stage of tumor, so the patient gets the best treatment right away. At later stages of illness, new, targeted drugs that aim at specific disease-causing genes are helping patients whose tumors have those genetic flaws （缺陷）.Overall, lung cancer death rates have dropped by 51% for men since their peak in 1990, and by 26% for women since their peak in 2002.‎ There's the potential for more progress in future reports. That's because the latest death-rate statistics go only through 2017, and likely don't include the potential impact in lung cancer death from immune-therapy drugs. They became widely used in lung cancer only in the past few years.‎ The report, based on U.S. government data, isn't all good news. Prostate （前列腺）cancer death rates have leveled off recently after a period of decline. That may be because many doctors pulled back on using the controversial prostate-specific antigen test, or PSA, which can spot the disease but can lead to over-treatment of men who may never have died from their tumors.‎ ‎"Though it was definitely causing harm, it was also contributing to declines in death," Siegel said. What's needed now is better screening tests to detect only the prostate cancers that will go on to cause harm.‎ Population death rates are considered one of the most reliable ways of measuring progress in ‎ cancer treatment and prevention. By contrast cancer survival rates can sometimes be influenced by improvements in diagnosing tiny, early stage tumors that wouldn't necessarily be deadly.‎ ‎42. According to paragraph 2, ______.‎ A. cancer death rate reached its peak in 2017‎ B. death rate decreases over the past 2 decades C. 2.9 million people die of cancer in America every year D. most of the cancer patients in America suffer from lung cancer ‎43. We can learn from the passage that ______.‎ A. female death rate of lung cancer drops more than that of male B. targeted drugs have led to rapid increase in cancer death rates C. better scanning technology will lead to improvement in treating genetic flaws D. improper use of prostate-specific antigen test can lead to over-treatment of men ‎44. The underlined expression "level off” in paragraph 5 means ______.‎ A. remain unchanged B. show up C take off D. become sharp ‎45. What might be the best title of the passage?‎ A. Medical Progress Prolonging Patients’ Lives B. Cancer Death Rates Dropping at the Fastest Pace C. Significant Improvement in Treating Lung Cancer D. Advanced Technologies Applied in Cancer Treatment ‎【答案】42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。近年来美国癌症死亡率以最快的速度下降，文章主要分析了其原因。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The death rate from cancer has been gradually declining for 26 years, thanks in large part to fewer people smoking cigarettes.”可知，癌症死亡率在26年连续下降，大部分是由于更少的人吸烟。所以B项“在过去的20年死亡率下降”表述正确。故选B项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段最后两句“…using the controversial prostate-specific antigen test, or PSA, which can spot the disease but can lead to over-treatment of men who may never have died from their tumors.”可知，使用有争议的前列腺特异抗原测试可以发现疾病，但是会导致男性的过度治疗。故选D项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第五段内容“That may be because many doctors pulled back on using the controversial prostate-specific antigen test, or PSA, which can spot the disease but can lead to over-treatment of men who may never have died from their tumors.”可知，很多医生放弃使用有争议的前列腺特异抗原测试，它可以发现疾病但是可能导致对可能永远不会死于肿瘤的男性的过度治疗。由此可推知，放弃使用能发现疾病的测试会导致死亡率不再下降，所以“Prostate （前列腺）cancer death rates have leveled off recently after a period of decline.”的意思是“前列腺癌死亡率在一段时间的下降后最近保持平稳”，“leveled off”意为“保持不变”。故选A项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第一段“The cancer death rate in the U.S. fell by the most on record…(美国癌症死亡率有史以来降幅最大……)”是文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了美国死亡率近年来下降最快并分析了其原因。所以短文的最佳标题为“癌症死亡率以最快的速度下降”。故选B项。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Compulsory citywide garbage sorting began in Beijing in April, aided by new guidelines for residents and the start of a three-month inspection campaign to monitor enforcement. The strict garbage sorting rules require residents to classify their domestic trash into four different categories: kitchen waste, recyclables, hazardous waste and other waste. ___46___‎ Communities and villages across the capital must set up four different colored trash bins. ___47___ To help residents better classify their domestic trash, four supporting measures would specify the management standards and implementation procedures for classifying garbage. For example, a guideline released in April advised residents to have two trash bins and one garbage bag at home to make the separation of different kinds of waste more convenient.‎ ‎___48___ The inspection, lasting until the end of July, will focus on mixed waste and its dumping and transport. Meanwhile, the city's market supervision authorities will begin a three-month crackdown on the illegal use and sale of plastic bags.‎ Under the newly revised domestic waste regulation, supermarkets, shopping malls and trade markets may no longer use super thin or free plastic bags. ___49___‎ By the end of March, there were 44 domestic waste treatment facilities in Beijing, capable of handling 32,711 metric tons of trash a day, the capital's urban management authorities said. The capital collected 10.11 million tons of household waste last year.‎ Some residential communities in Beijing have introduced incentives（激励）to encourage residents to sort their garbage. ___50___ Some communities had explored new ways of reusing kitchen waste as fertilizer for the residents' rooftop garden.‎ A. Law enforcement agencies will launch a three-month inspection to monitor compliance with compulsory trash sorting.‎ B. Those who fail to sort their garbage properly could face fines of up to 200 yuan （$28）.‎ C. The community acquired a trash treatment machine last year that can recycle some kitchen waste to produce organic soil in 24 hours as fertilizer for potted plants.‎ D. Restaurants and hotels must stop offering disposable items unless customers request them.‎ E. Residents can earn points by classifying their domestic waste correctly and then exchange the points they accumulate for daily necessities such as napkins and soap.‎ F. The treatment facility makes residents more familiar with the processing of garbage and spur their enthusiasm for trash sorting.‎ G. Green bins will be for kitchen waste, blue ones for recyclables, red for hazardous waste and gray for other waste.‎ ‎【答案】46. B 47. G 48. A 49. D 50. E ‎【解析】‎ 本文是新闻报道。文章报道了北京市开始在全市范围内强制执行垃圾分类的情况。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 上文提到“北京开始在全市范围内强制垃圾分类”“开始为期三个月的监督执行情况的检查行动”；选项B意思为：那些没有正确分类垃圾的人将面临高达200元(28美元)‎ 的罚款。选项B是上文关于垃圾分类政策的内容的一部分。故选B项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 此题线索是词汇复现。空前一句提到“首都各地的社区和城中村必须设置四个不同颜色的垃圾桶”；选项G意思为：绿色的垃圾桶用来装厨房垃圾，蓝色的用来装可回收物品，红色的用来装有害垃圾，灰色的用来装其他垃圾。此题线索是上下义词复现，空前一句的“four different colored trash bins”是上义词，选项G中“green …blue …red … gray”是下义词。故选G项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 此题线索是词汇复现。选项A意思为：执法机构将展开为期三个月的检查，以监督强制垃圾分类的执行情况。空后一句中的“The inspection, lasting until the end of July…”即是选项A中“a three-month inspection”的同义复现，空后一句是顺承选项A的话题。故选A项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 上文提到“该市市场监管部门将对非法使用和销售塑料袋展开为期三个月的打击行动”“超市、购物中心和贸易市场不得再使用超薄塑料袋或免费塑料袋”；由此可知，这一部分是关于对非法使用和销售塑料袋的管理措施；选项D意思为：餐馆和酒店必须停止提供一次性用品，除非顾客要求。选项D是关于餐馆和酒店使用塑料袋的管理，因此选项D是顺承上文的话题。故选D项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 空前一句提到“北京的一些居民社区引入激励机制，鼓励居民将他们的垃圾分类”；选项E意思为：居民可以通过正确地分类他们的家庭垃圾来获得积分，然后用积攒的积分换取一些日用品，比如餐巾纸和肥皂。 选项E是鼓励居民将垃圾分类的具体做法之一，是顺承空前一句的话题。故选E项。‎ 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）‎ 第一节（15分）‎ ‎51.假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom参加“汉语桥（Chinese Bridge）”世界大学生中文比赛，获得赛区一等奖进入决赛，现在准备决赛当中的中华才艺展示环节，来信向你咨询，请你给他回信，内容如下：‎ ‎1.表示祝贺；‎ ‎2.推荐一项中华才艺展示内容及理由；‎ 注意：词数不少于50；‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Tom,‎ How are you? I’m very glad to learn that you passed the first round of the Chinese Bridge. Congratulations on your success. Your efforts in the last few weeks finally paid off.‎ With the final contest coming, you may be worried about Chinese arts performance. If you want to be excellent in this performance part, I recommend you to sing a GuFeng song. Firstly, a GuFeng song is catchy and easy to sing, so you can learn it well in a short period of time. Besides, GuFeng music is a kind of music that mixes traditional Chinese elements with pop music very well, which not only spreads classics, but also shows the unique charm of music.‎ Come on! Just show yourself and you will be the star in the final contest. May you succeed.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信给进入汉语桥决赛但不知道如何准备决赛当中的中华才艺展示环节的Tom，向他推荐一项中华才艺。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时为主 结构：总分法 ‎  总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。‎ 要求：1. 表示祝贺；‎ ‎2. 推荐一项中华才艺展示内容及理由。‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ be glad to do sth.；pay off；the final contest；be worried about；Chinese arts performance；recommend sb. to do sth.；mix…with…；not only…but also…‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I’m very glad to learn that you passed the first round of the Chinese Bridge.‎ ‎2. Your efforts in the last few weeks finally paid off.‎ ‎3. With the final contest coming, you may be worried about Chinese arts performance.‎ ‎4. I recommend you to sing a GuFeng song.‎ ‎5. GuFeng music is a kind of music that mixes traditional Chinese elements with pop music very well, which not only spreads classics, but also shows the unique charm of music.‎ ‎(根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。）‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause (从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ ‎5表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say,‎ ‎6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing ‎ ‎7.表陈述事实：In fact, frankly speaking ‎8.表选择：either…or…，or 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如If you want to be excellent in this performance part这句话中用了If引导的条件状语从句，如GuFeng music is a kind of music ‎ that mixes traditional Chinese elements with pop music very well这句话中用了that引导的限制性定语从句；使用了非常好的短语，如pay off，be worried about，recommend sb. to do sth.，mix…with…等，为文章增色不少；并注意了句子的衔接，如Firstly，Besides。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节（20分）‎ ‎52.假定你是红星中学高三学生李华，你们学校本学期举行“德智体美劳全面发展”的系列主题活动，请根据 以下图的先后顺序，给学校英语报刊投稿，记述活动过程。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】In order to promote our all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique,‎ ‎ aesthetics and labor education, our school held a series of theme activities this semester——we held theme class meetings regularly, and we were also required to being polite to others and take turns to clean the school. In addition, we could also sign up for concerts and art exhibitions. What impressed me most was that the students showed great enthusiasm in the activities. At last, we shared our own ideas and all agreed that these activities were very meaningful. And it was these colorful activities that improved our overall quality.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是图画作文，要求根据四幅图记述活动过程。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求根据四幅图记述活动过程：假定你是红星中学高三学生李华，你们学校本学期举行“德智体美劳全面发展”的系列主题活动，请根据 以下图的先后顺序，给学校英语报刊投稿，记述活动过程，时态应为一般过去时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； all-round development（全面发展），overall quality（综合素质），promote（有提升、促进），polite（礼貌的），class meeting（班会），art exhibition（画展），theme activities（主题活动），colorful（丰富多彩的），enthusiasm（热情）及meaningful（有意义的）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有in order to（为了），take turns to do（轮流做），sign up for (报名参加)，in addition（此外）以及a series of（一系列的），而且还使用了主语从句和表语从句“What impressed me most was that the students showed great enthusiasm in the activities.”，宾语从句“At last, we shared our own ideas and all agreed that these activities were very meaningful.”，强调句型“And it was these colorful activities that improved our overall quality.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎