2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4Bodylanguage单元学案（37页）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4Bodylanguage单元学案（37页）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4Body language单元学案 ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．flight n．　　　　 　　　　　 飞行；航班 ‎2．cheek n．[纵联1] 面颊 ‎3．dash vi. 猛冲；突进 ‎4．posture n. 姿势；体态 ‎5．crossroads n. 十字路口 ‎6．frown vi. 皱眉；蹙额 ‎7．fist n. 拳头 ‎8．yawn vi. 打呵欠 ‎9．respectful adj. 恭敬的 ‎10．subjective adj. 主观的 ‎11．rank n. 等级；军衔 ‎12．cassette n. 磁带 ‎13．employee n. 雇员 ‎14．misread vt. 读错；误解 ‎15．facial adj. 面部的 ‎16．canteen n. 食堂 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．dormitory n. 宿舍 ‎2．major adj.[纵联2] 主要的 ‎3．approach vt.&vi. 接近；靠近；走近 n. 接近；方法；途径 ‎4．likely adj.[纵联3] 可能的 ‎5．hug vi.&vt. 拥抱 ‎6．function n. 作用；功能；职能 vi. 起作用；运转 ‎7．represent vt. 代表；象征 ‎8．simply adv. 简单地；只 ‎9．ease n. 安逸；舒适 vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)‎ ‎10．adult n. 成人；成年人 adj. 成人的；成熟的 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．statement n．陈述；说明→state v．陈述；说明 n．州；状况 ‎2．greet vi.&vt.迎接；问候→greeting n．问候；招呼 ‎3．association n．社团；联系；联想→associate vt.把……联系起来 ‎4．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇；好奇心 ‎5．defend vt.保护；保卫→defence n．防御；保卫 ‎6．misunderstand vt.误解；误会→misunderstanding n．误解；误会 ‎7．spoken adj.口语的→unspoken adj.未说出口的；非口语的 ‎8．anger n．怒气； 怒火→angry adj.生气的 ‎9．truly adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地→true adj.真实的→truth n．真实；真理[纵联4]‎ ‎ ‎ 纵联1.常见“人体部位及器官”名词一览 ‎①cheek面颊 ②forehead额头 ‎③chest胸部 ④shoulder肩膀 ‎⑤throat喉咙 ⑥stomach胃 纵联2.以or结尾的形容词扫描 ‎①major主要的 ②minor次要的 ‎③junior身份或地位低的 ④senior身份或地位高的 ‎⑤superior更好的；更高的 纵联3.后缀ly构成的形容词集锦 ‎①likely可能的 ②costly昂贵的 ‎③daily日常的 ④friendly友好的 ‎⑤lively活泼的 ⑥lovely可爱的 ‎⑦weekly每周的 ⑧brotherly兄弟般的 纵联4.以e结尾的形容词去掉字母e加ly或直接加ly变为副词荟萃 ‎①true→truly ②possible→possibly ‎③comfortable→comfortably ④gentle→gently ‎⑤simple→simply ⑥entire→entirely ‎⑦complete→completely ⑧fortunate→fortunately ‎⑨wide→widely ⑩rude→rudely ‎ ‎ 单元话题——肢体语言 子话题1　身体部位 ‎①shoulder n．肩；肩膀 ②finger n．手指 ‎③wrist n．手腕 ④neck n．颈；脖子 ‎⑤waist n．腰；腰部 ⑥lip n．嘴唇 ‎⑦palm n．手掌 ⑧arm n．手臂；胳膊 子话题2　身体动作 ‎①drag v．拖；拉；拽；扯 ②nod n．&v.点头 ‎③clap n．&v.鼓掌；拍手 ④pat vt.轻拍 ‎⑤wave v．挥手 ⑥glance vi.看一下；扫视 ‎⑦observe v．观察；观测 ⑧cough vi.咳嗽 ‎⑨sigh vi.叹息；叹气 ⑩wipe vt.擦；揩 ‎[学考对接•活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2018•江苏高考阅读C)If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Momandpop carmakers are unlikely❶ to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major❷ players.‎ ‎①写出unlikely在本单元的反义词：likely ‎②写出加黑词在本句中的含义：主要的， major还可用作名词，意为“主修科目”‎ ‎2．(2018•北京高考阅读D)The possibility of selfdriving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test ‎ ‎　❶　 (true) selfdriving cars on public roads. The state❷ also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out selfdriving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.‎ ‎①用true的适当形式填空：truly，要注意其副词变换形式 ‎②写出加彩词在本单元的同根名词：statement，意为“陈述”‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2016•北京高考书面表达)事实上，他鼓励我在大学主修英语，成为中国和世界沟通的桥梁。 (major)‎ In_fact,_he_inspired_me_to_major_in_English_in_college,_to_be_a_bridge_between_China_and_the_world.‎ ‎2．(2014•安徽高考书面表达)第二，到户外和朋友一起进行体育锻炼是一种有效的排解生气的方式。(anger)‎ Second,_going_outdoors_and_playing_team_games_with_your_friends_as_physical_exercise_is_an_effective_way_to_get_rid_of_anger.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．represent vt.代表；象征；描绘；声称 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)represent ...as/to be ...　 宣称……为……；‎ ‎ 把……描绘成……‎ represent/on behalf of sb. 代表某人 represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明或传达某事 ‎(2)representative n. 代表；译员 adj. 典型的； 有代表性的 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①She represents her mother as the kindest mother in the world.‎ ‎②In the afternoon, you together with some of our student representatives (represent) are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there.‎ ‎[写美]　一句多译 ‎(2017•6月浙江高考写作)我非常高兴代表班级邀请你参加我们的郊游活动。‎ ‎③I’d like to represent_my_class and invite you to join us in the outing.(represent)‎ ‎④On_behalf_of_my_class,_I’d like to invite you to join us in the outing.(behalf)‎ ‎2．curious adj.好奇的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be curious about　　　　　　 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 ‎(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 with curiosity＝curiously 好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇 ‎(3)curiously adv. 好奇地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2016•北京高考)In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website.‎ ‎②People gathered round, curious to_know (know) what was happening.‎ ‎③(2018•天津高考)A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity (curious) gave us all a natural awareness.‎ 单句改错 ‎④Curious enough, the same thing happened again a year later exactly.Curious→Curiously ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤(2015•全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)美国的高中生生活是一个不错的选择，因为中国的学生对美国学生的学校生活非常好奇。‎ The life of American high school students is a good choice because Chinese students are_curious_about_the_school_life_of_American_students.‎ ‎3．approach vt.&vi.接近；靠近；走近 n．接近；方法；途径 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)an approach to ...　　 接近；近似；……的方法/途径 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 ‎(2)approach sb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物 be approaching 正在/将要接近 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching (approach)．‎ ‎②Approaching (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.‎ ‎③All the approaches (approach) to the airport were blocked by the police yesterday.‎ 单句改错 ‎④The job market has changed and our approaches to find work must change as well.find→finding ‎[用准]　an approach to中的to为介词， 后面要跟名词或动名词作宾语。‎ ‎[写美]　词汇/句式升级 ‎⑤As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near, some students are getting more and more nervous.‎ ‎→With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching/around_the_corner,_some students are getting more and more nervous.(升级加彩词；with 复合结构)‎ ‎[联想]　注意下面“(做)某事的方法”的正确搭配：‎ ‎①the approach to (doing) sth.‎ ‎②the way to do/of (doing) sth.‎ ‎③the means of (doing) sth.‎ ‎④the method of (doing) sth.‎ ‎4．defend vt.保护；保卫；辩护 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)defend ...from/against　　 保护……以免受；防御 defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 ‎(2)defence n. 防御；保卫 in defence of 为了保卫；为……辩护 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①When the dog attacked me, I defended myself (I) with a stick.‎ ‎②They help the body defend itself against/from some kinds of infections.‎ 单句改错 ‎③The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in defend of their country.defend→defence ‎[用准]　defend, defence表示“保卫，防御”，后接入侵者或造成危害者 用介词against；若接被保护者用介词of。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④竭尽全力保护孩子免受伤害是母亲的天性。‎ It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to_defend_her_child_from_harm_and_danger.‎ ‎5．major adj.主要的；重要的n.专业vi.主修 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)major in　　　　　　　 主修 ‎(2)majority n. 多数；大多数 in the/a majority 占大多数 a/the majority of 大多数……‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2018•6月浙江高考)As a graduate majoring (major) in the English language, I feel excited to write this letter for the position.‎ ‎②In that company I once worked, women workers were in the majority.‎ ‎[写美]　词汇升级 ‎③Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, most of them are over the age of fifty.(升级加彩词汇)‎ ‎→Generally speaking, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the_majority_of them are over the age of fifty.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Mr. Brown is a highly educated man so he didn’t express his anger (怒火) before the guests yesterday.‎ ‎2．According to his statement (陈述), children under 16 are not allowed to join the club.‎ ‎3．Tom is likely (可能的) to come this weekend so we must make some preparations in advance.‎ ‎4．Even if Jack was misunderstood (误解) by his friends, he didn’t tell them the truth.‎ ‎5．It’s known that facial (面部的) expressions and body language can express your feelings at the same time.‎ ‎6．At the meeting they discussed three different approaches (方法) to the study of mathematics.‎ ‎7．Linda and I, representing (代表) our class, will take part in the contest to be held this weekend.‎ ‎8．As you know, smoking is one of the major (主要的) causes of cancer, so you’d better give it up.‎ ‎9．The function (功能) of the heart is to pump blood through the body.‎ ‎10．The couple hugged (拥抱) each other when they heard the exciting news.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The study shows that there is a close association (associate) between ‎ smog and lung cancer.‎ ‎2．At first sight, there is nothing special about this watch, but in fact it’s a mobile phone with various functions (function)．‎ ‎3．I was truly (true) inspired by his words and determined to work harder to catch up with others.‎ ‎4．Hearing the noise, the boy stopped and looked up to the sky curiously (curious)．‎ ‎5．Being_misunderstood (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.‎ ‎6．The clerk greeted James and his wife with a smile when they came into the bank.‎ ‎7．The teacher often asks us to make use of every chance we get to improve our spoken (speak) English.‎ ‎8．Susan hugged (hug) her mother goodbye and got on the train with tears in her eyes.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．As far as I’m concerned, his performance is true entertaining.true→truly ‎2．The best approach to build up your body is to do exercise every day.build→building ‎3．My parents will be angry at me if I get home late.at→with ‎4．She is in Beijing University, majors in English ‎ Literature.majors→majoring或majors前加and ‎5．The people in the hall seemed very nosy (爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curious.curious→curiosity Ⅳ.根据汉语提示补全句子/一句多译 ‎1．众所周知，孩子对周围的一切充满了好奇心。(curiosity)‎ As we all know, children are_full_of_curiosity about everything around them.‎ ‎2．这些绿色屏障不但改变了北京的面貌，而且保护着它免受沙漠的侵蚀。(defend)‎ These green barriers not only change the look of Beijing but also defend_it_against/from_the_desert.‎ ‎3．我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一些事宜。‎ ‎①Representing_our_school,_I’m glad to tell you something about these activities.(represent)‎ ‎②On_behalf_of_our_school,_I’m glad to tell you something about these activities.(behalf)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎ ‎ ‎1．be_curious_about　　　　　 对……感到好奇 ‎2．defend_..._against 防御；保卫……以免受 ‎3．on_the_contrary 相反地 ‎4．be_likely_to 很可能……；有希望……‎ ‎5．in_general [串记1] 总的来说；通常 ‎6．get_close_to 接近；靠近 ‎7．as_if 好像 ‎8．at_ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 ‎9．turn_one’s_back_to 背对；背弃 ‎10．lose_face [串记2] 丢脸 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.表示“通常；总之”的词语大全 ‎①in general通常 ②on the whole总之 ‎③in a word总之 ④all in all总之 ‎⑤in conclusion总之 ⑥in short/brief总之；简言之 ‎⑦to sum up总之 ⑧to conclude总之 串记2.变“脸”真神奇 ‎①lose face 丢脸 ‎②make a face 做个鬼脸 ‎③face to face 面对面 ‎④in (the) face of 面对(问题、困难、危险等)‎ ‎⑤save one’s face 挽回面子 ‎⑥be faced with 面对 ‎ ‎ ‎1．move close to sb.　　　　 向某人靠近 ‎2．put up one’s hands 举起手 ‎3．introduce oneself 自我介绍 ‎4．shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 ‎5．stand close to sb. 站的离某人近 ‎6．express one’s feelings 表达某人的情感 ‎7．facial expressions 面部表情 ‎8．be willing to_do sth. 乐意做某事 ‎ ‎ ‎1．The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.‎ 第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的托尼•加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅•史密斯。‎ ‎2．Not_all_cultures_greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。‎ ‎3．However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are_more_likely_to_touch them.不过，来自西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且可能会(用身体)接触对方。‎ ‎[学考对接•活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的短语和句式(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2018•北京高考阅读七选五)People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are_much_more_likely_to_get_angry (更有可能生气)．‎ ‎2．(2014•全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are_curious_about (对……感到好奇)．‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的句式(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2015•安徽高考书面表达)我十分愿意采访他，因为他不仅仅是第一个到太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(the first ...to do)‎ I would really like to interview him because he is not only the_first_Chinese_to_go_to_space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.‎ ‎2．(2014•四川高考书面表达)考试很可能会像预期的那样顺利，我进入我最喜欢的大学的梦想将会实现。(likely)‎ The exams are_likely_to_work_out as expected and my dream to be admitted into my favorite university will come true.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．in general总的来说；通常 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)as a general rule　　　　　 一般而言；通常 generally speaking 总体而言；一般而言 ‎(2)on the whole＝to sum up 总的来说 as a whole 就整体来看；一般地说 in a word 总之 in short/brief 简而言之；总之 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment in general and air pollution in particular.‎ ‎②As a general rule, the more expensive the computer is, the better it is.‎ ‎[用准]　in general意为“总的来说，通常”，常常作插入语，可放在句首或句中。‎ ‎[写美]　一句多译 总体来说，酒后开车的人的数量越来越少。 ‎ ‎③Generally_speaking,_the number of the people who drive after drinking is smaller and smaller.‎ ‎④In_general,_the number of the people who drive after drinking is smaller and smaller.‎ ‎2．at ease舒适；快活；自由自在 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)feel at ease　　　　　　 感到心情放松 put sb. at ease 使某人放松 take one’s ease 休息；轻松一下 ‎(2)with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地 ‎(3)ease one’s mind 使某人安心 ease sb. of sth. 减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)‎ ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①At first, he didn’t feel at ease in the strange surroundings.‎ ‎②We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before.‎ ‎③I eased him of his difficulty by telling him what to do.‎ ‎[用准]　at ease既可作表语，又可作状语；with ease只能作状语。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④当你感到紧张时，你最好听一些轻音乐使自己放松一下。‎ When you feel nervous, you’d_better_listen_to_some_light_music_to_put_yourself_at_ease.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．the first/last (one/person) to do sth.“第一个/最后一个做某事的人”‎ ‎[教材原句]　The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)If I have any further news, you will be the first person to_know (know)．‎ ‎(2)There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to_contact (contact) you failed.‎ ‎(3)She has only a little room to_live (live) in.‎ ‎(4)The ability to_express (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ ‎(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the next, the only, the last等时，常用不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎(2)动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。‎ ‎(3)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。‎ ‎(4)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability, chance, ambition, offer, anxiety, answer, reply, attempt, belief等。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.(要点句)‎ ‎2．be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”‎ ‎[教材原句]　However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are_more_likely_to_touch them.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)That means the price is likely to_go (go) down because of the competition.‎ ‎(2)If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency is likely to_be_improved (improve)．‎ ‎(3)If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others.‎ ‎→If you grow up in a large family, it_is_more_likely_that you develop the ability to get on well with others.‎ ‎(4)I have learned that Mr. Brown disagrees with you. Your suggestion is unlikely (like) to be accepted under present condition.‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 (1)sb./sth.be likely to do sth. ‎ 某人/某物很可能做某事 it’s likely that ... 很可能……‎ ‎(2)unlikely adj. 不大可能发生的 be unlikely to ... 不可能……‎ 注意事项 likely用于“it is likely that ...”和“sb./sth. be likely to do sth.”句型中，但不用于“it is likely for sb./sth. to do sth.”句型中。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018•全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)It is likely that you make your friends feel embarrassed if you don’t know Chinese table manners.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)Evidence has been found through years of study that children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 get close to， feel at ease， on the contrary， turn one's back to， lose face， in general ‎1．Alice didn’t give up her dream. On_the_contrary,_she overcame the difficulty and realized it.‎ ‎2．Mr. Liu was so angry that he turned_his_back_to his son, without saying anything.‎ ‎3．Tom didn’t answer the question and felt that he lost_face before his classmates.‎ ‎4．To make her family members feel_at_ease,_Mrs Green lied that she was travelling together with her friends.‎ ‎5．Mountainclimbing is great fun. You’ll get_close_to nature and take exercise at the same time.‎ ‎6．In_general,_the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子/一句多译 ‎1．我儿子高兴地对我说他是他们班第三个完成作业并且唯一得满分的人。(动词不定式作后置定语)‎ My son told me gladly that he was the third person to_finish_his_homework and the only one to_get_full_marks in their class.‎ ‎2．身体活跃的孩子更有可能变成积极健康的成年人。(be likely to do sth.)‎ Physically active children are_more_likely_to_become_active_and_healthy_adults.‎ ‎3．面对危险，并非所有的人都能保持冷静。‎ ‎①Not_all_the_people_can_keep_calm in the face of danger.‎ ‎②All_the_people_cannot_keep_calm in the face of danger.‎ ‎4．众所周知，早睡早起是个好习惯。‎ ‎①As we all know, going_to_bed_early_and_getting_up_early is a good habit.(v.ing作主语)‎ ‎②As we all know, it_is_a_good_habit_to_go_to_bed_early_and_get_up_early.(it作形式主语)‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是光明中学学生会主席李华，上周你校邀请Smith教授来校做了一场各国身势语的专题讲座。请你代表学校全体师生，用英语给他写一封感谢信。内容包括：‎ ‎1．表达感谢；‎ ‎2．通过讲座，师生了解了常用的肢体语言及其含义。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本文属于提纲式作文，要求写一封感谢信，话题具有一定的开放性，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。文章可分三个层次：开头点明写信目的，真诚地表达对Smith教授的感谢；主体部分应对通过讲座师生了解了常用的肢体语言及其含义进行构思，属于半开放类，但不能漫无边际的想象，应做到发挥要合情合理，如身势语是表达情感最有效的方法之一；结尾应再次表达感谢，紧扣写信的目的，与首段相呼应。‎ 要点1：我是李华，我写信表达对您真诚的感谢。(convey)‎ My_name_is_Li_Hua._I’m_writing_to_convey_my_sincere_appreciation_to_you.‎ 要点2：通过您的讲座，我们了解到身势语是表达情感的最有效的方法之一。‎ Through_your_lecture,_we_have_learned_that_body_language_is_one_of_the_most_effective_methods_of_expressing_our_feelings.‎ 要点3：再次感谢您精彩的演讲。‎ Thank_you_again_for_your_wonderful_lecture.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使文章在内容上和形式上更丰满，我们在增加细节的同时，要学会使用较高级的语法结构和高频词汇给文章增加亮点。如：要点1可以增加v.ing作状语“代表我们学校”和现在分词短语作后置定语“上周你给我们的有关身势语的专题讲座”；要点2可以增加时间状语从句并进一步举例说明常用的几个肢体语言的含义；要点3可以增加个 人观点，再次强调专题讲座上所学知识非常有益。‎ 拓展要点1：我是李华。代表我们学校，我写信表达对您上周给我们做的有关身势语的专题讲座的真诚的感谢。(v.ing作状语，现在分词短语作后置定语)‎ My_name_is_Li_Hua.Representing_our_school,_I’m_writing_to_convey_my_sincere_appreciation_to_you_for_the_lecture_concerning_body_language_you_gave_us_last_week. ‎ 拓展要点2：通过您的讲座，我们了解到当涉及交际时，身势语是表达情感的最有效的方法之一。(when时间状语从句)‎ Through_your_lecture,_we_have_learned_that_body_language_is_one_of_the_most_effective_methods_of_expressing_our_feelings_when_it_comes_to_communication.‎ 补充要点2：‎ ‎①微笑是开心最通用的表达。(universal expression)‎ Smiling_is_the_most_universal_expression_of_happiness.‎ ‎②目光从别人身上移开意味着对某人或者他或她说的话不感兴趣。 (look away from)‎ Looking_away_from_a_person_means_showing_no_interest_in_the_person_or_what_he_or_she_says.‎ ‎③并不是所有的文化用同样的方式欢迎人。(部分否定)‎ Not_all_cultures_greet_people_in_the_same_way.‎ 拓展要点3：我的确相信当我们与来自其他国家的人交流时这些知识 非常有益。再次感谢你精彩的演讲。‎ I_do_believe_the_knowledge_will_be_very_beneficial_when_we_communicate_with_people_from_other_countries.Thank_you_again_for_your_wonderful_lecture.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 结合写作要点，文章可分为三段来写。根据语篇表达中的逻辑关系，在主体段可添加连接词for example， however将所有要点巧妙连接，使文章顺畅、过渡自然。‎ Dear_Professor_Smith，‎ My_name_is_Li_Hua.Representing_our_school,_I’m_writing_to_convey_my_sincere_appreciation_to_you_for_the_lecture_concerning_body_language_you_gave_us_last_week.‎ Through_your_lecture,_we_have_learned_that_body_language_is_one_of_the_most_effective_methods_of_expressing_our_feelings_when_it_comes_to_communication.For_example,_smiling_is_the_most_universal_expression_of_happiness.Looking_away_from_a_person_means_showing_no_interest_in_the_person_or_what_he_or_she_says.However,_not_all_cultures_greet_people_in_the_same_way.‎ I_do_believe_the_knowledge_will_be_very_beneficial_when_we_communicate_with_people_from_other_countries.Thank_you_again_for_your_wonderful_lecture.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua ‎ ‎ 理清段落结构之(一)　并列 并列式段落往往是列举两个事物或一个事物在不同情况下的相同或不同之处。利用这种段落结构可速判阅读七选五题型中的标题类题目，对把握文章主旨、理解全文大意至关重要。‎ ‎[高考典例1]　2016•全国卷Ⅱ•阅读七选五节选 并列关系 ‎●　17　‎ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants， flowers， patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 　18(E)　.However， there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.‎ ‎●Recall (回忆) your childhood memories ‎… ‎ 根据并列的段落标题，可知17题应为祈使句，可初步断定为A、B选项，由该段倒数第二句可知此题应选A项。‎ A．Know why you garden　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　‎ B．Find a good place for your own garden C．It’s our experience of the garden that matters ‎ D．It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G．For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have ‎[高考典例2]　2012•辽宁卷•C篇 In the past two decades， the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently， the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art， history and philosophy (哲学). Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy. Students in the United States， at the same time， are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.‎ So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well. ‎ Today China attracts the West more than ever， and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.‎ As for the old thinker， he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West， even if his birthday is.‎ 以前西方学习儒学和中国文化的情况。‎ 现在西方学习儒学和中国文化的情况。‎ ‎⇓总结出 孔子和中国文化对西方的影响。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎[课下语篇提能练]　　　 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019•江西赣中南五校第一次联考)In 2014 my best friend’s mother died of cancer. It was a tragedy, but as usual, Alice, my mother, used her power of healing and got his family back on their feet. If you asked my friends about my mother, they would say，“That woman has a heart of gold.” I agree one hundred percent.‎ I think the reason why she is such a wonderful person is that the Holy Spirit lives within her. She is very holy and has persuaded me to go to church with her every Sunday.‎ About six years ago my mom decided to pursue her lifelong goal of becoming a teacher. She knew it would be hard work raising three kids, doing housework and studying at the same time. However, she believed it would pay off. What my mother didn’t realize was that not all things pay off in this unfair world. After four hard years of school, she graduated on a warm spring day. It was unbelievable. My aunt drove up from Virginia to celebrate this fantastic day. It was the first time I had ever cried about ‎ being happy.‎ It’s strange how fast a life can change. Two months later, the unpredictable happened. My mother was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症). I could not believe this could happen after all the good she had done for people. I was very confused and cried every day. My faith in God just disappeared and so did my mom’s dream of becoming a teacher.‎ Then, I decided I must move on with my life and accept the fact that she might never get better. Since my decision, I have become more mature, responsible and active in school and work. Through the years I have always been able to change negative situations into positive ones. I’m happy with my life now.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了乐观、积极上进的母亲影响作者的故事。‎ ‎1．Which of the following can best describe Alice?‎ A．Honest.　　　　　　　 　B．Helpful.‎ C．Greedy. D．Unconcerned.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“It was a tragedy, but as usual, Alice, my mother, used her power of healing and got his family back on their feet.”可知，母亲乐于帮助他人，故选B项。‎ ‎2．What else did Alice have to do when studying?‎ A．Drive a car and go to church.‎ B．Teach students and raise kids.‎ C．Do housework and teach at school.‎ D．Look after children and keep house.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“She knew it would be hard work raising three kids, doing housework and studying at the same time.”可知，母亲在学习的同时还要照顾孩子、做家务，故选D。‎ ‎3．According to the text, the author’s mother ________.‎ A．recovered from illness B．no longer had faith in God C．didn’t realize her dream as a teacher D．changed negative situations into positive ones unwillingly 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“My faith in God just disappeared and so did my mom’s dream of becoming a teacher.”可知，母亲因为患病，成为教师的梦想破灭了，故选C。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?‎ A．Fighting Against Kinds of Diseases B．Mother Gave Me Life Experience C．Belief in God Brought Me Good Luck D．How to Become a Responsible and Active Man 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据文章的内容可推知，本文主要讲述了乐观的母亲对作者的积极影响，使作者成为一个积极面对生活的人，故选B。‎ B ‎(2019•绵阳诊断)David Rees runs a truly distinctive business.He charges customers $15 to sharpen their pencils to perfection, using a variety of tools.‎ I know what you’re thinking — is this a joke? The 39yearold gets asked that question a lot.To clarify everything, he even created a special section on his website telling everyone he’s actually providing a real service.‎ You can supply your own pencil or you can have Rees sharpen one of his own favorite 2B pencils.After that, he mails it to you in a display tube with the shavings in a separate bag, and an authentic certificate which just happens to mention the pencil is so sharp as to be a dangerous object.‎ To achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses all kinds of tools, including general sandpaper, pocket knives and even a special $450 sharpening machine.“It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for，” he says.That determines the most appropriate pencilsharpening technique.Some customers buy pencils as inspirational symbols while others buy them because of their special memories of classic 2B pencils.‎ ‎$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though, right? You’re not the only one who feels that way, and David’s unique business has really angered lots of people, who talk of inequality in America, saying it is so insane for the wealthy to pay $15 to sharpen a pencil.But others will ‎ say, “This is just our urge to put an end to the welfare state because new ideas arise along with the business.”‎ David admits his trade is sort of unusual.But there are those who actually value his service, as is proven by the over 500 orders he has gotten.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一项为他人提供削铅笔的独特服务。‎ ‎5．How could David make money by sharpening pencils?‎ A．He invented new tools for the job.‎ B．He promoted his skill on his website.‎ C．He saved lots of time for other people.‎ D．He provided quality service for his customers.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“To achieve the desired result, the master sharpener uses ...even a special $450 sharpening machine.”可推知，David Rees给客户提供高质量的削铅笔服务，故选D。‎ ‎6．From his words, we can infer that David Rees ________.‎ A．knows all kinds of pencil users B．provides personalized services C．values ideas behind the pencils D．always writes in pencil 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It depends on what the customer wants to use his/her pencil for”可知，David Rees会给客户提供个性化的服务，故选B。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “insane” in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A．Deliberate. B．Rewarding.‎ C．Unreasonable. D．Irresponsible.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句“$15 to have a pencil sharpened is a bit expensive though, right？”，并结合第二段第一句“I know what you’re thinking — is this a joke？”可推知，此处的insane意为“十分愚蠢的，疯狂的”，C项与此意接近。deliberate“故意的”；rewarding“值得做的”；irresponsible“不负责任的”。‎ ‎8．What seems to be the author’s attitude to David Rees’ trade?‎ A．It’s a fancy service.‎ B．It has a good reputation.‎ C．It’s awfully expensive.‎ D．It wastes time and money.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。根据全文的整体内容可知，作者认为David Rees所提供的削铅笔服务是与众不同的、别致的，故选A。‎ C ‎(2019•成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for. To help you have fun, we’ve rounded up how to say “Cheers！” around the world.‎ Who doesn’t dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is ‎ well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine. They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip, look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their “cheers”： à votre santé！‎ Is it just us, or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It’s lovely anytime: brunch, to celebrate something, or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend. It originated in Italy’s Veneto region but is now available all over the world. When in Italy, the most common toast is “cin cin”， which has its origins in China. However, do not use this as a toast in Japan. It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country. If you find yourself in the land of Japan, stick with “kampai”， which means “cheers！”‎ If you haven’t been to Ireland — what are you waiting for? It’s the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness. The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but, again, practice makes perfect. Simply say，“Slàinte mhath.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在不同国家和地区，如何表达“干杯”体现了当地的文化和风情。本文分别介绍了在法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰如何表达“干杯”。‎ ‎9．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？‎ A．À votre santé. B．Cin cin.‎ C．Kampai. D．Slàinte mhath.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Just before your first sip, look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ’cheers’： à votre santé！”可知，在法国，干杯时说“à votre santé！”，故A项正确。‎ ‎10．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．The Italian wine. B．A toast from China.‎ C．A Japanese custom. D．A French expression.‎ 解析：选B　代词指代题。根据第三段第四、五句“When in Italy, the most common toast is ’cin cin’， which has its origins in China. However, do not use this as a toast in Japan.”可知，意大利常见的祝酒词是“cin cin”，起源于中国；然而在日本，不要把这个当作祝酒词。结合该句“It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country.”可知，这种起源于中国的祝酒词可能让你在日本被赶出酒吧；据此可知，It指代源于中国的祝酒词，故B项正确。‎ ‎11．What can we learn about Ireland from the text?‎ A．It is famous for food. B．Its language is simple.‎ C．It makes perfect wine. D．It is well worth visiting.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“It’s the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.”可知，爱尔兰是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。据此可以判断，爱 尔兰值得一游，故D项正确。‎ ‎12．What’s the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To introduce the worldfamous wine.‎ B．To show how to make friends in bars.‎ C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally.‎ D．To recommend some famous travel destinations.‎ 解析：选C　写作意图题。本文第一段最后一句“To help you have fun, we’ve rounded up how to say ’Cheers！’ around the world.”为文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家和地区说“干杯”的方式；据此可以判断，本文旨在介绍在不同国家和地区如何说“干杯”，故C项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Everyone knows how important trees are to the wellbeing of the earth.__1__ By providing shade for people to enjoy time outside, trees can shade our homes to keep them cooler in the summertime.They can hide unsightly (不美观的) views, reduce noise from nearby roads, and serve as windbreaks.Many types also produce flowers and fruit.These tall plants simply make our homes and neighborhoods more attractive.‎ Choosing Trees ‎__2__ Planting a tree is a longterm project.Large shade varieties, especially, take a long time to grow.And once planted, they are difficult to move.Trees can also be a significant financial investment, so it’s ‎ important to choose wisely.‎ ‎__3__ You may not have room to grow all the types you want to try.So take the time to choose a plant you like that also will grow well in the conditions you can provide.Trees vary widely in their need for space, light, and soil conditions.‎ Care Once you’ve made a choice, you’ll need to prepare your site for planting.You may need to clear the area of other vegetation and improve the soil with organic matter such as fertilizer and nutrients.If you plant a tree yourself, carefully follow the instructions given by the nursery or read “How to Plant a Tree”．__4__‎ Providing proper care after it’s planted is also important.__5__ Feed regularly, water deeply, and prune (修剪) them carefully, so they become strong and healthy.Mature plants usually don’t need to be watered or fertilized.‎ A．They also provide homes for wildlife.‎ B．Your success depends on proper planting.‎ C．Many yards have space for only a few large plants.‎ D．Young plants should be babied for the first few years.‎ E．They develop large root systems and can grow by themselves.‎ F．When you are planting trees, it’s wise to plan your selections carefully.‎ G．But do you know there are also many advantages of growing them in your own yard?‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了种树的一些注意事项。‎ ‎1．选G　空前讲述的是树对地球的重要性，空后讲述的是树给人们及其住所提供的诸多好处，前后意思上存在转折关系；且下文主要讲述的是如何自己种树，故选项G符合语境。‎ ‎2．选F　该部分的主题为Choosing Trees，主要讲述的是要谨慎地选择所种的树，故F项符合语境。下文中的“so it’s important to choose wisely”亦是提示。‎ ‎3．选C　根据空后内容可知，你可能没有足够的空间来种所有你想种的树，所以要选择能在你所能提供的条件中良好生长的树。空后内容围绕“空间”展开，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎4．选B　根据空前一句“If you plant a tree yourself, carefully follow the instructions given by the nursery or read ’How to Plant a Tree’．”可知，自己种树时遵循指南很重要，空处承接上文，故选项B符合语境。‎ ‎5．选D　空前一句讲的是种完树后恰当的照料也很重要，空后一句叙述了具体的照料方法，空处连接上下文；末句中的“Mature plants”与此处形成对比，由此可推断空处讲的是对未成熟的植株的照料需要花一段时间，故选项D符合语境。‎