专题06+动词时态及其语态-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2018高考精品系列之英语

专题06+动词时态及其语态-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2018高考精品系列之英语

专题06 动词时态及其语态 ‎【2018年高考命题预测】‎ ‎ 动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，是高考的必考点。应特别注意以下几点：‎ 要把握各种时态的特点，注意易混淆时态间的差异；准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息；要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维。‎ 高考中常考的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时等等。‎ 学习时要注意总结规律，灵活使用，特别要注意一些时态的特殊用法。高考主要以单项填空、语法填空、短文改错等形式考查，动词的时态和语态在语法填空和短文改错中是必考点。‎ ‎ 今后时态和语态还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。‎ ‎【考点定位】2018考纲解读和近几年考点分布 动词时态和语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴，构成了英语语法的基本框架，几乎所有动词的考查都必须要借助于时态和语态来完成。试题在考查时态和语态的同时，还兼顾其它语法内容的测试，比如各种从句、强调、倒装等，其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。其考点主要包括：‎ ‎1、考查时态的基本概念。如：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、将来进行时等。‎ ‎2、考查各种时态之间的区别。如：一般过去时和现在完成时；一般现在时与现在进行时；一般过去时和过去完成时等。‎ ‎3、考查不能用被动语态的几种情况。如：‎ ‎（1）所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。‎ ‎（2）表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit等。‎ ‎（3）表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。‎ ‎（4）表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。‎ ‎（5）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。‎ ‎4、考查主动形式表被动意义的情况。‎ ‎（1）当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；‎ ‎（2）当cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等词带状语修饰语时；‎ ‎（3）当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时；‎ ‎（4）want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。‎ ‎（5）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。‎ ‎（6）在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。‎ 另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。‎ ‎【考点pk】名师考点透析 考点一、一般现在时与现在进行时 ‎ ‎1．一般现在时 ‎ ‎（1）考查表示按时间表将要发生的动作或事件 ‎ 例1—Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 1026 _______ off at 18: 20. ‎ A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken ‎ ‎【解析】句中的谓语动词是现在时，故不住在这里也应该是现时的情况，答案应为D。 ‎ ‎（3）考查表示普遍真理、事实 ‎ 例4Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms. ‎ A. was called B. is called ‎ C. had been called D. has been called ‎ ‎【解析】尽管我们横渡太平洋是几个月前的事情，但是海洋的名称是存在的事实，所以用一般现在时，答案是B。 ‎ ‎2．现在进行时 ‎ ‎（1）考查表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事 ‎ 例5． I have to go to work by taxi because my car _______ at the garage. ‎ A. will be repaired B. is repaired ‎ C. is being repaired D. has been repaired ‎ ‎【解析】句中的谓语动词是现在时态，所以现在汽车正在被修理，故答案选C。 ‎ 例6．Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People _______ to ask how I am going to spend the money. ‎ A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning ‎ ‎【解析】因为我获了奖，所以这段时间老有人给我打电话怎样花这笔钱，答案应是D。 ‎ ‎（3）考查表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作、即将开始或结束的动作 ‎ 常用的这类动词有：go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, move, return, start, stay, stop, give, change, fly, work等。 ‎ 例7．Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belt. The plane _______. ‎ A. takes off B. is taking off ‎ C. has taken off D. took off ‎ 主要考查表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况 ‎ 例8It’s said that the early European playing-cards ________ for entertainment and education. ‎ A. were being designed B. have designed ‎ C. have been designed D. were designed ‎ ‎【解析】句中的the early说明以前欧洲扑克牌的设计是为了娱乐和教育，用一般过去时说明过去某个特定时间发生的动作或情况，答案是D。 ‎ ‎2．过去进行时 ‎ ‎（1）考查表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作，强调未完成 ‎ 例10—Has Sam finished his homework today? ‎ ‎—I have no idea. He _______ it this morning. ‎ A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done ‎ ‎【解析】从对话中不知道Sam有没有完成作业，所以今天上午他正在做，正确答案为C。 ‎ ‎（2）考查表示过去某一时间将要发生的动作 ‎ 例11—What were you doing when Tony phoned you? ‎ ‎—I had just finished my work and _______ take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting ‎ ‎【解析】“我”刚刚完成手头的工作，将要去洗澡，所以答案是D。 ‎ 一般过去时与过去进行时的区别如下： ‎ 一般过去时：完成性 ‎ 过去进行时：未完成 ‎ 考点三、现成完成时与现在完成进行时 ‎ ‎（2）考查表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在的动作 ‎ 例13．My friend, who _______ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. ‎ A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served ‎ ‎【解析】此题中的时间状语all his life ‎ 说明我的朋友从过去到现在一直在奥委会工作，答案应是D。 ‎ 例14．My brother is an actor. He _______ in several films so far. ‎ A. appears B. appeared C. has appeared D. is appearing ‎ ‎【解析】句中的时间状语so far和现在完成时连用，意为“到目前为止”，所以答案是C。 ‎ 考点四、 主动表示被动的三种情况 ‎ ‎1. 不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。 ‎ 常见动词是：cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。 ‎ ‎2. 一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。 ‎ 常见动词是：look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out等。 ‎ 请同学们看下面一道题： ‎ 例16．The roast duck_______delicious and a lot_______in two hours. ‎ A. was tasted； was sold ‎ B. tasted； was sold ‎ C. was tasted； sold ‎ D. tasted； would sell ‎ ‎【解析】根据所给情景，taste应为连系动词，英语中连系动词不用被动语态，所以第一空填tasted，后半句意为“烤鸭两小时内被卖掉很多”，所以答案为B。 ‎ 上题 可以变化如下： ‎ ‎3. 五个“发生”： happen, take place, occur to, break out，come about等。 ‎ 例18．______is well known to everyone, the Olympic Games _______ every four years. ‎ A. It; are held B. As; take place ‎ C. That; happen D. As; break out ‎ ‎【解析】本题考查定语从句和表示“发生”等词的用法。A项it 不对，are held正确，改成以下句子正确：It is well known to everyone that the Olympic Games are held every four years. C、D项中That与break out不妥，B项中as引导的定语从句修饰the Olympic ... 整个句子，take place相当于are held，所以答案为B。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【三年高考】 15、16、17高考试题及其解析 ‎2017年高考试题 ‎【单项填空】‎ ‎【2017·天津卷】8. I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.‎ A. was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove ‎【答案】A 考点：考查动词时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】这时考查与时态有关的固定句型。：was/ were doing sth + when (suddenlu) did ... 这时一个常用固定句型，是学生必须掌握的重点句型之一，词句型还有另外两种结构：was / were about to do + when did ; had done + when + did 。‎ ‎ 在这三个句型中，when引导的并列句，意为：就在这时（那时）突然....。‎ ‎【2017·江苏卷】27. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _______.‎ A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词的时态和语态。he和follow是动宾关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B/D；根据句意“在 匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否被跟踪”，用过去进行时最合适，故选A。句意：他匆匆忙忙往家 赶，就是不回头看一看是否有人跟踪自己。‎ 考点：时态和语态 ‎ ‎【2017·江苏卷】31.He’s been informed that he _______ for the scholarship because of his academic background.‎ A. hasn’t qualified B. hadn’t qualified C. doesn’t qualify D. wasn’t qualifying ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词的时态。句意：他已经被告知由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得奖学金。qualify for ‎ sth达标，获得参赛资格。由于条件不满足而没有资格做某事，是客观事实，故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词的时态 ‎【2017·北京卷】33. People______ better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.‎ A. will have B. have C. had D. had had ‎【答案】B 考点：考查时态。‎ ‎【2017·北京卷】29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at ‎ home, and wireless phones _______ yet. ‎ A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented ‎ C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented ‎【答案】D 试题分析：句意：在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除AC，事情发生在过去，与现在无关，不用现在完成时，排除B，故选D，过去完成时的被动语态。‎ 考点：考查时态语态。‎ ‎【2017·北京卷】24. —______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?‎ ‎—Yes. They are happy with it.‎ A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling ‎【答案】A 试题分析：句意：--你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？--打了，他们此刻正用得很开心。空格所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去式，故选A。‎ 考点：考查时态。‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]When fat and salt 64.________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.‎ ‎64. are removed　考查被动语态。此处意思是“当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉后”。分析可知fat，salt和remove之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]Steam engines 65.________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66.________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.‎ ‎65. were used　考查动词语态。蒸汽机(注意复数名词形式)被用来作为火车动力。‎ ‎66. fairly　考查副词。副词修饰形容词。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅱ] Later, engineers 68.________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.‎ ‎68. managed　考查动词时态。描述地铁发展演变过程用过去时态。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅲ] Sarah 63.________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.‎ ‎63. has been told/was told　考查动词的时态和语态。 tell后接双宾语， 因此可判断此句用被动语态；再根据后面句子的时态可判断用现在完成时或一般过去时。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅲ] But at the moment, school 69.________ (come) first.‎ ‎69. comes　考查动词的时态。根据at the moment可知这个句子应用一般现在时，而且主语是单数，故用comes。‎ ‎[2017·浙江卷6月考]Pahlsson and her husband 62.________ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says. She never replaced it. ‎ Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63.________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64.________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.‎ ‎62. searched　考查动词的时态。根据语意可知，他们过去曾搜遍了整个厨房，故填searched。‎ ‎63. swept 　考查过去分词。此处是get done结构，表示被动，意为“被扫进了垃圾堆”。‎ ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]once I started the car, my mind goes blank.‎ ‎4. goes改为went　考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时，故将goes改为went。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]‎ When summer came，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!‎ ‎9. came改为comes　考查动词时态。此处指“当夏天来临时”，用一般现在时。‎ ‎10. students后加to　考查固定结构。invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.‎ ‎1．删去of　考查介词。realize是及物动词，后接宾语不需要介词，故删去介词of。‎ ‎2. had→have　考查动词的时态。根据本句中的时间状语in the past few years可知这个句子用现在完成时。‎ ‎2016年高考试题 ‎【单项填空】‎ ‎1.【2016·北京】21. Jack ________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.‎ A. works B. has worked C. was working D. would work ‎【答案】C 考点：考查时态 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 一、过去进行时的构成：was/were+动词的现在分词(--ing) ‎ 二、过去进行时的用法：‎ ‎1、表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作，通常与表过去的时间壮语连用。‎ 例如：At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.‎ 昨天这个时候，我正在收拾东西去露营。‎ ‎2、表移动的动词，如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等词的过去进行时，可以表示过去将要发生的动作。‎ 例如：She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假。‎ ‎3、在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后，另一个动作正在进行。‎ 例如：It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。‎ ‎　 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.　我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。‎ ‎4、在叙述或描写过去的事情时，过去进行时经常与其它过去时态，特别时是一般过去时连用。但是过去进行时往往是表示背景。‎ 例如：One night, he was typing in his study. Suddenly, a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity.‎ 一天晚上，他正在书房里打字。突然，一个人闯进屋来，切断了电源。‎ ‎2.【2016·北京】23. —Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?‎ ‎—The new Star Wars. We ________ here for more than two hours.‎ A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting D. have been waiting ‎【答案】D 考点：考查时态 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 现在完成进行时由“助动词have/has been+ -ing形式”构成。用法如下：‎ ‎1. 现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去的动作。常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。‎ ‎-Hi, Tracy, you look tired. ‎ ‎-I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.‎ They have been living here for 10 years. 他们住在这里十年了。‎ ‎2. 表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时候刚结束。‎ I have been waiting you for about one hour.。(说话时"等"的动作刚结束)‎ She has been working all night long.‎ ‎3. 表示重复（只断断续续，而非一直不停）‎ ‎ We’ve been discussing the matter several times this year.‎ ‎ I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.‎ ‎3.【2016·北京】25. I ________ half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.‎ A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read ‎【答案】B ‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 现在完成时基本用法：‎ ‎1、表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等词连用。‎ 例如：Have you ever cooked at home? 你吃晚饭了吗？‎ You have already grown much taller.你已经长高了许多。‎ ‎2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，常用的有：for＋一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句。（Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度），提问用How long.‎ 例如：It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。‎ ‎ They have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了。‎ ‎3、现在完成时需注意的问题：‎ ‎○1表示短暂性的动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用appear, begin, borrow, lend, buy, close,‎ come, die, fall, find, finish, join, kill, leave, sell, stop等。‎ 例如：He has joined the army for five years. （错误）‎ ‎ He has been in the army for five years.(正确)‎ 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。‎ ‎（错）I have received his letter for a month.‎ ‎（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.‎ ‎○2不能和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1998,two days ago等。‎ ‎○3have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的区别：‎ ‎ have/has been to 去过某地，现在已经回来；‎ ‎ have/has gone to 去了某地，在去的路上或已经在那里。‎ ‎○4比较一般过去时与现在完成时 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，强调动作，不和现在发生联系，常与具体的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，；现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，不能与表过去的时间状语连用。‎ I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）‎ I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）‎ Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）‎ He has been a League member for three years. （强调他是团员）‎ 现在完成时考点分析：‎ ‎①现在完成时除可以和for、since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等。‎ ‎②下列句型中常用现在完成时 It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句 This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时 This(That / It)is the only … + that + 完成时 This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句 + 完成时 ‎③在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。如：‎ I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.‎ If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.‎ Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.‎ ‎4.【2016·北京】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with success in the end.‎ A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded ‎【答案】D 考点：考查时态和语态 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 一般将来时 ‎①表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等）。‎ ‎②表示一种趋向或习惯动作。‎ We’ll die without air or water.‎ ‎③表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。‎ ‎④be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别：‎ ‎ A shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。‎ B be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；‎ be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。如：‎ If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)‎ If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)‎ C be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。‎ A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.‎ D be about to do sth.表示“即将或者正要去做某事”，通常不与时间状语连用,但可与when引导的从句连用，构成常考句型：sb was about to do when sb did sth。‎ ‎ Autumn harvest is about to start.‎ 被动语态的构成 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在时 am/is/are+p.p am/is/are+being+ p.p have/has+been + p.p 过去时 was/were+ p.p was/were+being+ p.p had +been + p.p 将来时 shall/will+be+p.p shall/will+have been+ p.p 注意：‎ 含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态：由“情态动词（can, may must, have to等）+be +动词的-ed形式构成。‎ 含有“be going to , be to, used to, be about to”等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态：其构成为“be going to （be to, used to, be about to）+ be +动词的-ed形式”。‎ ‎5.【2016·江苏】22.More efforts, as reported, ______in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.‎ A. are made B. will be made C. are being made D. have been made ‎【答案】B 考点：考查时态语态 ‎6.【2016·江苏】29.Dashan, who_________crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.‎ A. will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learning ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查时态。本句的时间状语是“for decades几十年来”，该时间状语通常和现在完成的有关时态连用，本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎7.【2016·天津】3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _____ for years.‎ ‎ A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see ‎【答案】C 考点：考查动词时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示过去的过去的动作，还有一个特点就是和过去的一段时间搭配。‎ ‎8.【2016·浙江】9. Silk ______ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.‎ A. had become B. was becoming C. has become D.is becoming ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 句意：到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。时间状语是by+过去时间，谓语用过去完成时。故选A。‎ 考点：考查动词时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】动词的时态、语态是选择题中必考内容之一，动词的各种时态形式都可能考到，不过最常考的是一般现在时态，一般过去时态，现在进行时态，以及一般将来时态，现在完成时态，同时还常与非谓语动词一起考查，做语法填空题时，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，如本小题第一个空就是考查谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态、语气(陈述语气还是虚拟语气)、主谓一致四个方面，本小题考查过去完成时，从三个方面来进行判断：‎ ‎1. 看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句，本小题时间状语是by about 100 BC，故判断是过去完成时。‎ ‎2. 在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时，要看上下文的谓语动词的形式。‎ ‎3. 看是否是特殊句型等。如：It was+the first time+that从句中用过去完成时。‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎1.【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.‎ ‎62. was allowed考查时态和语态。根据句意可知作者是被允许走近这些动物， be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”。‎ ‎2.【2016·全国新课标III】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table.‎ ‎3.【2016·上海】(B)‎ In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. ‎ ‎33. has been regarded  考查时态语态。本句的时间状语是in recent years最近几年以来，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用，且句子主语stress与动词regard构成被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式has been regarded。‎ ‎4.【2016·四川】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The giant panda 41 (love) by people throughout the world.‎ Then,after two and a half years,the mother 49 (drive)the young panda away.‎ ‎41.is loved 句意：大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢。根据句意可知用一般现在时态的被动语态，The giant panda是单数第三人称形式，故填is loved。‎ ‎49.drove 句意：然后，两年半后妈妈让小熊猫离开。根据句意可知用一般过去时态，故填drove。‎ ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分） ‎ Some people even had to wait outside ‎ ‎3. had →have 考查动词时态。 文章是介绍现在的情况，应该用一般现在时。‎ ‎2.【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. ‎ ‎2.chose改为choose 考查句子结构。“情态动词+动词原形”才可以在句中作为谓语部分，而本句中chose是过去式。‎ ‎3.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ They always tell me what to do and how to do it. ‎ ‎56. tell—told考查时态。通篇回忆过去的事情，使用的一般过去时，故把tell改为told。‎ ‎4.【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ Mom was grateful and moving.‎ ‎10.moving---moved 句意：妈妈即感激有感动。故把moving---moved。‎ ‎5.【2016·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us. ‎ ‎70.【答案】was改成were ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 这句话的主语是we，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。故was改成were。‎ 考点：考查主谓一致 ‎71.【答案】knowing改成know ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend not to do。故knowing改成know。‎ 考点：考查动词不定式 ‎ 2015年高考试题 ‎1.【2015·北京】22.--Did you enjoy the party?‎ ‎--Yes,we___by our hosts.‎ A.were treated B.would be treated. C.treated D.had treated ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查动词的时态及语态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查时态和语态，本题需要先看句子中有没有明确的时间状语，然后再看有没有相关的词，比如隐藏的时间点，和一些动词的过去式。解答时态语态题时，学生需要注意结合上下文语境，找出相关提示词来判断时态；并且分析出主语和动词是主谓关系还是动宾关系。‎ ‎2.【2015·北京】26.In the last few years,China ___ great achievements in environmental protection.‎ A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就。由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响，用现在完成时。故选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】判断时态可以从时间状语入手，题干中的in the last few years为现在完成时的时间标志词。类似的还有over/ for/ during the last/ past years/months…均为现在完成时的时间标志，所以做此类题时，需要先看句子中是否有明确的时间点，然后我再判断时态。‎ ‎3.【2015·北京】27.—Did you have difficulty finding Ann' house?‎ ‎—Not really.She___us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily?‎ A.was to give B.had given C.was giving D.would give ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：——你觉得找到安娜家的位置困难么?——不会。她告诉我们很清晰的方向，并且我们很容易就找到了。根据题干可知，安娜告诉他们方向发生在他们找到她家之前，因此，发生在过去动作之前的动作要采用过去完成时。故选B。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查学生对时态的掌握情况，现在完成时和过去完成时都是考试中常出的考点。分析前后两句两个动作，判断出后者的动作发生在前者的动作之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时。‎ ‎4.【2015·北京】30. —Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.‎ ‎—All right. I____ him later.‎ A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题根据对话形式进行时态考查，句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点。所以要做好此类题，一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点，或者其他可以代替时间点的词，所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。‎ ‎5.【2015·重庆】1. —Is Peter coming?‎ ‎—No, he____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.‎ A. changes B. changed C. was changing D. had changed ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：彼得来了吗？没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute在最后一秒可能发生在过去，故用一般过去时。 ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查动词的时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】动词的时态一直是热点，需要根据时间状语来进行确定，但本题要根据当时的语境来进行再次确认，才得到答案。首先看到第一句话Is Peter coming来了吗？可知彼得还没有来，而下句话at the last minute最后一刻，符合一般过去时的用法中的，第一条：一般过去时表示过去某个特定时间发生，并且一下子就完成了的动作（即：非持续性动作）。‎ ‎6.【2015·重庆】13. In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers ‎ after all the wheat____ cut.‎ A. will have been B. will be C. was D. has been ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：在我的家乡，麦子丰收过后农民会有一个庆祝晚餐。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，才会举行庆祝活动，故选D项。 ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查动词的时态 ‎【名师点睛】 现在完成时现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义： ①表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，有时无时间状语，有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，用于延续性动词，且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语。‎ ‎7.【2015·浙江】8. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.‎ ‎ A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查动词时态 ‎【名师点睛】分析4个选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如本题的1879, would change的提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。‎ ‎8.【2015·天津】9. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.‎ A. has been reached B. was reached ‎ C. will reach D. will have reached ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查时态。现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。分析此题只需要牢牢抓住时间状语so far“到目前为止”，从而判定出所应当运用的时态。‎ ‎9.【2015·天津】6. Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.‎ ‎ A. will teach B. would teach ‎ C. has taught D. will be teaching ‎【答案】D ‎【考点定位】考查时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查时态。将来进行时主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。分析此题需抓住时间状语，以及that time所代指的时间，再联系所学将来进行时所应用的范围及句意可以选择正确的答案。‎ ‎10.【2015·四川】4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.‎ A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had been built ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查时态。本句为时态题，根据时间状语soon可知，考查了将来时，故选择B。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查时态 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查时态。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的，在具体做题时，需要关注的是时间状语。因此，考生在做本题时，需要先找出时间状语soon，然后才能准确判断时态是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知，选项A是现在进行时；选项B是一般将来时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D是过去完成时。故选择B。‎ ‎11.【2015·陕西】24. At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he the first black president of the United States of America.‎ A. was to become B. becomes C. is to become D. became ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查过去将来时 ‎【名师点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。这题的解题关键是didn’t know。‎ ‎12.【2015·陕西】22. Mary really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.‎ A. worked B. has been working C. had worked D. has worked ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：Marty一直努力写书，我想他到周五为止将已经完成了。用现在完成进行时表示从过去到现在一直进行的动作。所以选B。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查现在完成进行时 ‎【名师点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。现在完成进行时表示从过去到现在一直进行可能还要继续进行的动作。‎ ‎13.【2015·福建】30.—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.‎ ‎—He went to the library after breakfast and his essay there ever since.‎ A. wrote B. had written C. has been writing D. is writing ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查现在完成进行时 ‎【名师点睛】时态的考查在高考题的应用中也是无处不在的，时态本身的考查也是千变万化的，本题旨在考查学生对现在完成进行时的理解和用法的熟悉程度，要求结合语境进行分析，根据句子的意思可以判断出当前应该使用哪一种时态，本题中也有一定的暗示时态的标志ever since，从而可以判断出应该用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎14.【2015·福建】26.To my delight, I from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.‎ A. was chosen B. was being chosen C. would choose D. had chosen ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查时态和语态。根据句意：让我高兴的是，我从成百上千的参加者中被选中参加开幕式。可以知道这里应该是被动语态，又因为被选中是过去发生的事情，这里只是对过去发生的事情的一般描述，故用一般过去式，故选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查时态和语态辨析。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题旨在考查句子的时态和语态，要求学生明确地掌握各个时态的定义以及它们在时间上的划分段和用法，以及不同语态的用法。时态也是高考题的一个重点。辨明句子的时态，一是看句子中有没有明确表示时态的关键词，另一个方法就是结合句意判断动词的发生时间是在什么时候。‎ ‎15.【2015·江苏】30.The real reason why prices ____ , and still are, too high is ‎ complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.‎ A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问题无法让人满意。根据题干中“and still are”的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态。故选A项。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查动词时态 ‎【名师点睛】做时态题时，考生应抓住时态标志词，即题干中明显的时间状语或已有动词的时态，利用时态呼应的原则迅速锁定正确答案。本题中已有动词的时态为一般现在时，still暗示前面用一般过去时与此呼应。C项容易误选，这里现在完成时表示从过去到现在一直是这种状态，包括了现在，与后面的一般现在时有重复部分，故排除。‎ ‎16.【2015·安徽】29.It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come.‎ A. will be building B. will be built C. has been building D. has been built ‎【答案】B ‎【考点定位】考查时态 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查时态。做时态类的题目，需要从句中找出时间状语，没有时间状语时，需要结合句意来判断句子的时态。根据“in years to come”可知，这里说的是将来的事情，且空间站是被建造的，space station和build是动宾关系，应该用被动语态。‎ ‎17.【2015·安徽】24.Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I ______ my bank in the cafe.‎ A. have left B. had left C would leave D. was leaving ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在餐馆了。realized后省略了that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，“落下”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，应该用过去完成时，故选B。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查时态 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查时态。宾语从句的“三要素”是连接词、时态和语序。连接词主要可分为三种，即that；if/whether；what/how/when/where等；宾语从句用陈述句语序；宾语从句的时态要与主句保持一致，发生在“过去的过去”的动作，用过去完成时。‎ ‎18.【2015·湖南】28.He must have sensed that I ________ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?"‎ ‎ A. would look at B. looked at C. was looking at D. am looking at ‎【答案】C ‎【考点定位】考查时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】根据选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如根据本题的He must have sensed和He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。‎ ‎19.【2015·湖南】25.I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________, "What do you wish me to do now?"‎ ‎ A. ask B. have asked C. am asking D. asked ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。此题主句的时态为一般过去时，表示这个事情和动作发生在过去，故从句时态也要用一般过去时。句意：我不能隐藏我的渴望，当我问道，“你现在希望我做些什么？”故选D ‎【考点定位】考查时间状语的时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】分析4个选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如本题的I wasn't able to是一个提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。‎ ‎20.【2015·湖南】22.As you go through this book, you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.‎ ‎ A. will find B. found C. had found D. have found ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现成千上万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历。根据句意，判断主语的时态为一般将来时，故选A ‎【考点定位】考查时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题旨在考查句子的时态，要求学生明确地掌握各个时态的定义以及它们在时间上的划分段和用法。“助动词will或shall+动词原形”这一形式，表示将来发生的事情，用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。现在完成时表示到说话时为止（或到现在为止）已经发生或完成了（不一定结束）的动作或状态，共有四种主要用法：一、现在完成时表示影响；二、现在完成时表示持续；三、现在完成时表示重复；四、现在完成时表示将来。而在此题中As you go through this book是一个现在时了，所以后文就不能出现过去时或过去完成时。虽然在此题中没有明确的时间状语，但从意思上还是可以理解出来的。‎ ‎21.【2015·湖南】35.That's why I help brighten people's days. If you ________， who's to say that another person will?‎ A. didn't B. don't C．weren't D．haven't ‎【答案】B 　‎ ‎【考点定位】考查动词的时态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】一般现在时:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态；在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es.在本题目中，可以从这个角度来判断，主将从现是指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。比如：条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时 如： When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients 我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。‎ ‎22.【2015·湖南】32.I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ________ thankfully by the shop window.‎ A. am held back B. held back C．hold back D．was held back ‎【答案】D 　‎ ‎【考点定位】考查动词的时态和语态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎【名师点睛】分析4个选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如本题的判断, 根据主句中的had可知时态是一般过去时。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【两年模拟】2016、2017名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2017年模拟题 ‎1. 【2017届北京市东城区高三5月综合练习（二模）】 I ordered a drink while I______ for my friends to come.‎ A. will wait B. am waiting C. would wait D. was waiting ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：我在等朋友来的时候，点了一瓶酒。观察主句中的“ordered”可知，事件发生在过去，且从句由while引导，所以从句应用过去进行时，表示过去某段时间一直进行的动作，故选D。‎ ‎2. 【2017届北京市东城区高三5月综合练习（二模）】Their flight ______ due to bad weather. They would like to know when the flight will take off.‎ A. had been delayed B. was delayed C. has been delayed D. will be delayed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：由于天气不好，他们的航班已经延迟了，他们想知道航班何时能起飞。现在完成时表示已经完成动作的结果对现在仍有影响，本题中航班延迟使得乘客不耐烦地等待，所以delay应使用现在完成时，故选C。‎ ‎3. 【2017届北京市东城区高三5月综合练习（二模）】You’ll recognize me when you get out of the station. I______ jeans and a white T-shirt.‎ A. will be wearing B. had worn C. was wearing D. have worn ‎【答案】A ‎4. 【2017届北京市海淀区高三5月期末练习（二模）】—Do you know when your mother      to pick you up?‎ ‎—At 11:40am.‎ A. had come B. is coming C. has come D. would come ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：——你知道你妈妈什么时候来接你吗？——在上午11:40。come的动作发生在将来，故用将来时。英语中come,go,start等动词可以用现在进行时表将来，故选B。不能选D项，D项是过去将来时，不符合语境。‎ ‎5. 【2017届北京市海淀区高三5月期末练习（二模）】 Mary was pleased to see that the seeds she      in the garden were growing.‎ A. was planting B. has planted C. would plant D. had planted ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查过去完成时态。它表达的是在某个过去动作或时间点之前发生的动作，简单地说就是“过去的过去”发生的事情。句意:玛丽很高兴她在花园里种的种子正在生长。根据句意可知，种种子是在种子成长之前，故选D。‎ ‎6. 【2017届北京市海淀区高三5月期末练习（二模）】 The plan for Xiongan New Area      officially on April 1,2017.‎ A. announced B. was announced C. announces D. is announced ‎【答案】B ‎7. 【2017届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟】The boss _________ the employees a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has occurred yet.‎ A. promised B. had promised C. would promise D. promises ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查一般过去时态。句意：过去几年来，老板一直承诺给员工加薪，但是直到现在也没有。据此语境可知，承诺是过去发生的事情，现在还没有实现，所以用一般过去时态。B选项中had promised为过去完成时态，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，而这里表示的是相对现在的过去，故选B项不合适；C 选项would promise表示过去将来，与语境不符；故选A。‎ ‎8. 【2017届江苏省南通、扬州、泰州、淮安四市高三下学期第三次模拟】The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than when we ______ admitted.‎ A. will get B. get C. got D. have got ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：我们校长希望我们在毕业的时候比入学的时候更有雄心壮志。从句中主语we和动词admit是被动关系，入学发生在过去，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。got在此是系动词相当于were，故选C.‎ ‎9. 【2017届天津市河北区高三总复习质量检测（二）】Whenever you     a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.‎ A. bought B. have bought C. will buy D. buy ‎【答案】D 考点：考查动词时态用法 ‎【名师点睛】whenever引导时间状语从句，意思是“每当,随时”=when，从句用一般现在时代替将来时I'd like to see you whenever it's convenient.在你方便的时候我想来看看你.Come whenever you like.你随时想来就来。当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，以下类型的状语从句可以用一般现在时表将来： 一、时间状语从句  I’ll write to her when I have time. 我有空会给她写信。二、条件状语从句  If we hurry, we may catch the bus. 如果赶紧走我们可能赶得上公共汽车。三、让步状语从句  I’ll follow him wherever he goes. 他去哪儿，我就跟着去哪儿。 Whatever you say, I won’t pay. 无论你说什么，我都不会付钱。四、比较状语从句  I will come earlier than you do. 我会比你先到。The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就会越胖。‎ ‎10.【2017届天津市河北区高三总复习质量检测（二）】 —Did you enjoy the party?‎ ‎—Yes. We    well by our hosts.‎ A. were treated B. would be treated C. treated D. had treated ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】试题分析：句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treated是动宾关系，用被动语态。空中应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。‎ 考点：考查动词的时态及语态。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题考查时态和语态，本题需要先看句子中有没有明确的时间状语，然后再看有没有相关的词，比如隐藏的时间点，和一些动词的过去式。解答时态语态题时，学生需要注意结合上下文语境，找出相关提示词来判断时态；并且分析出主语和动词是主谓关系还是动宾关系。‎ 语法填空 ‎1.【吉林省松原市油田高中2017届高三上学期第一次阶段性测试】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ That Beijing, together with Zhangjiakou, succeeded in getting the chance to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, speeds up the development of Zhangjiakou City. Word came 61 the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway, 62 (locate) in North China, is currently under construction, and 63 (expect) to be completed by 2020 in preparation for the cities to host the 2022 Winter Olympics. Starting from Beijing North Railway Station, heading west through the Great Wall three times in the capital's territory, the project is a big challenge, 64 designers say the explosions needed to dig the tunnels will not have an impact on the structure. The line has a 65 (long) of 174 km as a double tracked passenger dedicated line, with ten stations situated along its route. Having a 66 (totally) investment of 31.17 billion Yuan (5 billion), the trip between the two cities will only take 40 minutes, with the train 67 (travel) at an average of 250 km/h. According to the plan, the high-speed railway will build two branch lines—one is to Yanqing Station and the other 68 Taizicheng of Chongli, 69 the Olympic village lies. The full railway, which includes 70-kilometer section through Beijing, will be completed in four and 70 half years.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61. that ‎ ‎62.located ‎63.is expected ‎64.but ‎65.length ‎66.total ‎67.travel(l)ing ‎68.to ‎69.where ‎70.a ‎61. that 句意：消息传来。此处是that引导的同位语从句，故填that。‎ ‎62.located 固定搭配：be located---，坐落在---，此处是过去分词作定语，故填located。‎ ‎63.is expected be expected to do sth.根据句意可知用一般现在时态的被动语态，故填is expected。‎ ‎64.but 句意：项目是一个大挑战，但是设计师说需要挖隧道的爆炸不会对结构有影响。此处表示转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎65.length 句意：174米的长度。故填length。‎ ‎66.total 形容词修饰名词，故填total。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ 高中英语语法大全中长度（length）、宽度(width)、高度(height)、深度(depth)的表示法：‎ ‎1、长度、宽度、高度、深度的表示法，有一个专门的结构，那就是“基数词 + 单位词 + 形容词”。‎ 例句： We walk up three floors, which is about ten meters high.我们走上三层楼，大概十米左右高。‎ ‎2、除了上面的表示方法，有时也可以用“基数词 + 单位词 +in + 长度或者重量的名词”来表示长度、宽度、高度、深度。‎ 例句：The sentence tells you that he measures six feet in height without his shoes on .这个句子告诉你，他身高六尺，不连鞋子。‎ The classroom was 25 feet in length and 20 feet in width.教室有25英尺长，20英尺宽。‎ 注意事项：若表示重量，可以用 in weight 结构。例句：The box is 9 kilos。=The box is 9 kilos in weight。这个箱子重9公斤。‎ 考点：考查语法填空 ‎2.【甘肃省兰州市第一中学2017届高三上学期期中考试】语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Recently a photo which shows a dentist knelt to carry out an operation for a 9-year-old girl spread online. ‎ The operation 41.___________ (carry) out on Sept 5 by Qu Tiejun, a dentist in the dental hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University. He was somewhat surprised that he drew so 42.___________ attention after the photo spread online.‎ ‎"It was my duty 43__________ (cure) the patient. It didn't matter if I was kneeling or standing during the procedure," said Qu. According to the dentist, the 9-year-old girl came from a village in Baoji in Shaanxi. She suffered an oral injury, 44.__________ required surgery.‎ ‎"I had to do the operation by 45.__________ (kneel) because the mouth was only 5 mm and could not be seen with a common surgical microscope," said Qu.‎ The doctor put 46.___________ operation mirror on his head and had to kneel down in order to get a proper angle for him to see the 47.__________ (injure) part of the girl's mouth.‎ It took Qu 40 minutes to complete the operation. 48.__________ asked why he did not raise up the 49.__________ (surgery) bed to do the operation, Qu explained that it still did not give suitable angle for the operation once the bed was raised.‎ ‎ A nurse took the photo of Qu’s kneeling operation and put 50___________on her WeChat.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎41.was carried ‎ ‎42.much ‎43.to cure ‎44.which ‎45.kneeling ‎46.an ‎ ‎47.injured ‎48.When ‎49.surgical ‎50.it ‎43.to cure 动词不定式做真正的主语，故填to cure。‎ ‎44.which injury做先行词，后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句，故填which。‎ ‎45.kneeling 固定形式：by doing sth.，故填kneeling。‎ ‎46.an operation以元音开头，故填an。‎ ‎47.injured 句意：看到受伤的部分。形容词修饰名词，故填injured。‎ ‎48.When 句意：当被问---的时候，故填When。注意大写开头。‎ ‎49.surgical 形容词修饰名词，故填surgical。‎ ‎50.it 此处用it代替前面的the photo，故填it。‎ ‎3.【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2017届高三上学期期中考试】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ A 14-year-old Chinese boy overcame two of humankind's most dreaded fears—getting stuck in an elevator and getting homework 61________(do), in a single night 62________(owe) to his calm-witted character.‎ ‎ Sun Yixiao was on his way up on Tuesday evening after school, 63________ the lift suddenly came to a stop. A moment of panic followed before the 64________(teenage) could find a way out.‎ ‎ Sun said he tried to open the elevator door, 65________(press) all the buttons in the hope to get the elevator to work again, but it didn’t work.‎ ‎ Without a cell phone at hand, Sun tried yelling to get attention of people outside, but no one responded as time passed by. He slipped a note through the door 66________‎ ‎ the message "people stuck inside, please ask the property management for help," and hoped someone 67________(pick) it up and act on it.‎ ‎ After exhausting all his options without knowing how long it would take before someone found him, he took out his textbooks and started to do his homework 68________(patient).‎ ‎ Soon after he finished his duties, Sun heard loud 69_________(voice) outside. A large crowd including his teachers and other parents had come to the rescue, by which time he 70_________(trap)in the elevator for over five hours.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.done ‎62.owing ‎63.when ‎64.teenager ‎65.pressing ‎66.wit ‎67.would/could pick ‎68.patiently ‎69.voices ‎70.had been trapped ‎64.teenager 句意：青少年找到方法之前。故填teenager。‎ ‎65.pressing 现在分词做伴随状态，表主动关系，故填pressing。‎ ‎66.with 句意：带着信息的一个便条。with和---在一起，故填with。 ‎ ‎67.would/could pick 句意：希望有人能把它捡到。故填would/could pick。‎ ‎68.patiently 副词修饰动词，故填patiently。‎ ‎69.voices 句意：听到外面大的声音。名词用复数形式，故填voices。‎ ‎70.had been trapped 根据by which time可知用过去完成时态，再根据he和trap之间是被动关系，故用过去完成时态的被动语态had been trapped。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ while,when,as的用法区别 都译为“当…的时候”,区别为：when后的从句谓语动词既可是延续性动词,也可是短暂性动词,而且还可作并列连词,译为“这时”.但以下句型一定用when,作并列连词： 句型A：be about to do…when…正要做…这时(发生另一事) 句型B：was/were doing…when…正在…这时(发生另一事) 句型C：had done…when…刚要做…这时(发生另一事) 1.We were about to set out when it began to rain.我们刚要出发天突然下雨了. 2.He had hardly sat down when his mobile rang.他刚一坐下手机就响了. 3.I was walking along the bank of the river when I fell into it.我正沿河岸散步突然掉进水里. while后的从句谓语动词只能是延续性动词,强调主从句的两个动词同时发生；while也可作并列连词,表示两个动作的对比,译为“而”“然而”.as则表示两个变化中的动作的同时性,译为“一边…一边…”. 1.While his mother was cooking in the kitchen,the boy fell asleep in the chair.(在一个延续动作过程中发生另一个动作) 2.He hurried home,looking behind as he went.他匆匆回家,边走边往后看.‎ 考点：考查语法填空 ‎4.【河北省保定市2017届高三11月摸底考试】阅读下面材料，在空白处的填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Of the three major drinks of the world---tea, coffee and cocoa—tea is consumed by the 61 (large) number of people.‎ ‎ China is the homeland of tea. Human cultivation of tea plants dates back to two thousand years ago. Tea from China, along 62 her silk and porcelain, began to be known to the world more than a thousand years ago and since then it 63 (be) an important Chinese export.‎ ‎ At present more than forty countries in the world grow tea with Asian countries 64 (produce) 90% of the world’s total output. All tea trees in other countries have their origin directly or indirectly in China. The word for tea leaves or tea as 65 drink in many countries are derivatives(衍生物)from the Chinese character “cha”. The Russians call it “cha’i”, 66 sounds like “chaye”(tea leaves) as it is pronounced in northern China, and the English word “tea” sounds similar to the pronunciation of its counterpart in Xiamen. The Japanese character for tea is written ___67 (exact) the same as it is in Chinese, though 68 (pronounce) with a slight difference. The habit of tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, 69 it was not introduced to Europe and America till the 17th and 18th centuries. Now the number of tea 70 (drink) in the world is still on the increase.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.largest ‎ ‎62.with ‎63.has been ‎64.producing ‎65.a ‎ ‎66.which ‎67.exactly ‎68.pronounced ‎69.but ‎ ‎70.drinkers ‎65.a 句意：茶在很多国家作为一种饮料。故填a。‎ ‎66.which “cha’i”是先行词，指物，后面的定语从句缺主语，却引导词，故填which。‎ ‎67.exactly 副词修饰过去分词，故填exactly。‎ ‎68.pronounced 句意：尽管发音稍微不同。此处表示“被发音”，连接词+过去分词，故填pronounced。‎ ‎69.but 句意：喝茶的习惯在6世纪传播到日本，但是直到17、18世纪才传到了欧洲和美国。此处表示转折，故填but。‎ ‎70.drinkers 句意：喝茶人的数量在继续增长。用名词复数，故填drinkers。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ together with/along with/as well as还有，和---在一起；rather than而不是，连接两个主语，后面的谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致。Tom，together with his parents has been to the Great Wall. Tom还有他的父母曾经去过长城。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎1.Since自从---以来（可做介词和连词），和现在完成时态连用。‎ He has lived here since he came. 自从他来到这里，就一直在这里住着。‎ ‎2.It is /has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+其他。自从做某事有多长时间了。‎ 在这个句型中如果从句的动作是终止性动词，则表示从动作开始到现在多长时间了；如果从句的动作是持续性动词，则表示从动作结束到现在多长时间了。It is three years since he joined (终止性动词)the army.他参军有三年了；It is five years since he lived（持续性动词）here.他离开这有五年了。‎ 考点：考查语法填空 ‎5.【安徽师范大学附属中学2017届高三上学期期中】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_61_____ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.‎ After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our __62____ (reserve) six months earlier, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We __63___（tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, ___64__ for the week after. I didn’t understand __65__ this would happen and my credit card had ‎ already been charged____66__ the booking. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was __67___（surprise）helpful. She __68___ (apology) for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.‎ The next day, my brother and I went to the beach __69__ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little___70__（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.it ‎62.reservation ‎ ‎63.were told ‎64.but ‎ ‎65.why ‎ ‎66.for ‎67.surprisingly ‎68.apologized ‎ ‎69.where ‎ ‎70.sunburned/ sunburnt ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析: 本文是讲我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，这真是个意外的意外。‎ ‎61.it 考查代词 指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。‎ ‎62.reservation 词性转换 此处应填名词，故写成reservation。‎ ‎63.were told 时态语态由句意或tell sb. sth.这一句型结构可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎64.but 考查固定用法。这是考虑not…but…结构，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”。‎ ‎65.why 考查疑问词 意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。‎ ‎66.for 考查固定带配charge…for…是习惯搭配 ‎67.surprisingly 考查副词 因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外的”，故填surprisingly ‎【知识归纳】‎ 一组并列词组 neither---nor---，既不---也不---；either---or---，或者---，或者---；not only---but also---，不但---，而且---；not---but---，不是---而是---。‎ 考点：考查语法填空 短文改错 ‎1.【吉林省松原市油田高中2017届高三上学期第一次阶段性测试】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ A survey basing on 1,000 students found that half of the pupils and 80% of the middle ‎ school students sleeps less than nine hours every night. Too many homework given by school ‎ teachers and parents is the main reasons. Other reason lies in students’ bad habits. ‎ Some students, ‎ for example, are absent-minded while doing his homework, and some waste their after-class time. ‎ The third reason is because some students have to get up early on weekdays to get school far away ‎ from home. Experts are calling at schools and parents to cut down on the amount of homework. ‎ And students should make a good use of their time. And it would be better if they could choose to ‎ study in a nearby school.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.basing改为based ‎ ‎2.sleeps改为sleep ‎ ‎3.many改为much ‎4.reasons改为reason ‎ ‎5.other改为Another ‎6.his改为their ‎ ‎7.because---that ‎ ‎8.get与school中间加to ‎ ‎9.at改为on ‎ ‎10.去掉a ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎4.reasons改为reason 句意：做老师和家长给的作业是主要理由。此处名词用单数形式，故把reasons改为reason ‎5.other改为Another 此处指"另一个",而不是指"其它的";others作定语时,常修饰复数名词。故把other改为Another ‎6.his改为their 此处的代词指代前面的名词"students",故用their。‎ ‎7.because---that reason做主语，后面的表语从句用that引导，故把because---that ‎8.get与school中间加to 第二个get后加to。get to意为"到达"。故在get与school中间加to ‎9.at改为on call on是固定词组,意为"号召"。故把at改为on ‎10.去掉a make good use of是固定词组,意为"充分利用"。故去掉a ‎ ‎2.【甘肃省兰州市第一中学2017届高三上学期期中考试】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。‎ 删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；   ‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Nowadays, the electric bicycle is developing fast, many kinds of that can be seen on the ‎ road. It is popular with more and more people. Why? The reasons are simply.‎ First of all, it is much convenient than taking a bus or taxi. What's more important is that it ‎ saves strength and goes fast, so the rider feel less tired. Also it is easy of anybody to ride, ‎ whether old or young. Finally, it is not only energy-saving but also environmentally friendly. ‎ Every coin has the two sides. The electric bike also has it’s disadvantages. On the one hand, the ‎ rider may lose the alternative to be physical involved while riding, which is not beneficial to ‎ health. On the other hand, it may also lead to more traffic accidents. Personally, the electric ‎ bicycle does our more good than harm. As long as the rider drives carefully, the number of ‎ accidents can greatly reduced.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.many kinds of that — which 或and many kinds of ‎ ‎2.simply--- simple ‎3.much---more或 muchmore ‎4.feel---feels ‎5.of---for ‎6.the删掉 two sides ‎7.it’s---its ‎ ‎8.physical--- physically ‎9.our---us ‎10.canbe ‎2.simply--- simple be动词后面用形容词作表语，故把simply--- simple。‎ ‎3.much---more或 muchmore ‎ ‎ 根据后面的than可知此句用比较级，much可以修饰比较级加强语气，故把much---more或 muchmore。‎ ‎4.feel---feels 句子是一般现在时态，主语是the rider，故把feel---feels。‎ ‎5.of---for 此处是动词不定式的复合结构做主语for sb. to do sth.，故把of---for。‎ ‎【知识归纳】‎ ‎1.以e结尾的形容词变成副词时，有的直接加ly ;有的把e去掉再加ly.‎ possible---possibly； simple---simply; gentle---gently; terrible---terribly; true---truly; flexible---flexibly immediate--- immediately; brave---bravely; wise---wisely；active---actively ‎2. 下面的词或词组可以放在比较级前面修饰比较级加强语气：much/even/a lot/a little/any/still/far/slightly/a great deal.比如 I felt much happier.我感觉幸福多了.‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎3.【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2017届高三上学期期中考试】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ The other day, some of my classmates and I took a bicycle trip along the "Huan Shan Green Road", that was specially built for people to relax ourselves. The scenery along the road was fascinating, with trees, flowers, hills and lakes on both side. We stopped by a lake for a rest, where a great many of people are playing happily.‎ ‎ But something unpleasant caught our eyes. There was rubbish here or there, and there were many plastic bags and bottles floated on the surface of the lake. Such beautiful place was so serious polluted. What a shame! In the end, we couldn't help collecting the rubbish after we left.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.that—which ‎2.ourselves—themselves ‎3.both side—both sides / either side ‎4.a great many of—a great many / a great number of ‎5.are playing—were playing ‎6.here or there—here and there ‎7.floated—floating ‎8.Such beautiful—Such a beautiful ‎9.serious—seriously ‎10.after—before/ when ‎ ‎2.ourselves—themselves 句意：人们放松自己。即“他们自己”，故把ourselves—themselves。‎ ‎3.both side—both sides / either side 句意：两边/每一边。故把both side—both sides / either side。‎ ‎4.a great many of—a great many / a great number of 固定词组：a great many+名词复数；a great number of+名词复数。故把a great many of—a great many / a great number of。‎ ‎5.are playing—were playing 句意：许多人正在高兴地在湖边玩。根据句意可知用故去完成时态，故把are playing—were playing。‎ ‎6.here or there—here and there 固定搭配：here and there到处。故把here or there—here and there。‎ ‎7.floated—floating 句意：漂浮在湖面上的塑料袋和瓶子。现在分词作后置定语，故把floated—floating。‎ ‎8.Such beautiful—Such a beautiful place是单数名词，“这样一个美丽的地方”，故把Such beautiful—Such a beautiful。‎ ‎9.serious—seriously 副词修饰过去分词，故把serious—seriously。‎ ‎10.after—before/ when 句意：当我们离开或我们离开以前，我们忍不住收集垃圾。故把after—before/ when。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ ‎1.so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句,如：This story is so interesting that I want to read it again.（这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次.）  2.so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+(单数)复数可数名词／+that+从句,如果句中的名词是单数可数名词,其前就要用 a或an,如果是复数可数名词或者,前面就不用,如： Those are so beautiful flowers that wants to pick them.（那些花是如此漂亮以至那个女孩想要摘下它们.）  3.such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that+从句,如：It is such an interesting story that I want to read it again.（这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次.） ‎ 温馨提示：so+表示数量的词many/much/few/little(少)+名词，此时不能用such.‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎4.【河北省保定市2017届高三11月摸底考试】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 请修改以下作文，短文共10处错误，每句最多有两处错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出改加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ Nowadays more and more people would rather to look for a job on the Internet than ‎ in the job market. There are many reasons for my preference, one of which is that a job hunter can find job conveniently. He needn’t bother to get recommendations from friend. Besides, a job hunter can get one by simple sending resumes by e-mail but the success rate is very high. Even if one failed to make it, he won’t feel embarrassing.‎ ‎ I believe job-hunting on the internet will win favor in more and more jobless people for its convenient, efficiency and success rate.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.去掉to look for中的to ‎2.my---their ‎3.find ∧ job加a/his ‎4.friend--- friends ‎5.simple--- simply ‎6.but--- and ‎ ‎7.failed --- fails ‎8.embarrassing--- embarrassed ‎9.in--- with/among ‎10.convenient--- convenience ‎4.friend--- friends 句意：来自朋友们的建议。名词用复数形式，故把friend--- friends。‎ ‎5.simple--- simply 副词修饰动词，故把simple--- simply。‎ ‎6.but--- and 句意：通过发送简历得到工作，并且成功率很高。此处表示递进关系，故把but--- and。‎ ‎7.failed --- fails ‎ ‎ 句意：即使一个人没有成功，他不会感到尴尬。根据句意可知用一般现在时态，故把failed --- fails。‎ ‎8.embarrassing--- embarrassed 句意：他不会感到尴尬。故把embarrassing--- embarrassed。‎ ‎9.in--- with/among 句意：我认为网上找工作会越来越受到没工作人的称赞。根据句意可知把in--- with/among。‎ ‎10.convenient--- convenience 句意：因为它的方便和有效。可知用名词形式，故把convenient--- convenience。‎ ‎【知识归纳】‎ ‎1.以e结尾的形容词变成副词时，有的直接加ly ;有的把e去掉再加ly.possible---possibly； simple---simply; gentle---gently; terrible---terribly; true---truly; flexible---flexibly；immediate--- immediately; brave---bravely; wise---wisely；active---actively ‎2.表示情感的现在分词和过去分词 surprising令人惊讶的，surprised感到惊讶；frightening令人害怕的， frightened感到害怕； moving令人感动的， moved 感动；exciting 令人兴奋的，excited 感到兴奋；boring令人厌烦的， bored感到厌烦。现在分词的主语通常指事物；过去分词的主语通常指人。‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎5.【安徽师范大学附属中学2017届高三上学期期中】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 英语课上，老师要求同桌相互修改作文。假设以下作文为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。 错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在此符号下面写出改加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎ 注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Once upon a time, it was a boy whose parents named him Odd(古怪的). Other children teased him about his name but kept him at a distance, thinking that he was very strange and behaved stupid. Deeply hurt, he refused to be bothered and struggle to break away from the pain. He tried to keep people off teasing him, but in vain. People continued making fun of his name—even after he became a successful lawyer. Finally, as a old ‎ man, he wrote out his last wish, “I’ve been the butt(笑柄) of jokes all my life. I’ll let others make fun of myself after I’m gone.” He insisted his tombstone not to bear his name. After his death, people passing by noticed the largest blank stone and said loudly, “Look, that’s odd.”‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. it改成there ‎2.but改成and ‎3.stupid改成stupidly ‎4.struggle改成struggled ‎5.off 改成from ‎6.a改成an ‎7.let前加not ‎8.myself改成me ‎9.to去掉 ‎10． largest改成 large ‎3.stupid改成stupidly 副词修饰动词behave，所以stupid改成stupidly。‎ ‎4.struggle改成struggled and连接连个并列句时态应一致，前句是过去时，所以后句也用过去时，故struggle改成struggled ‎5.off 改成from 此处是固定搭配keep sb from doing ，因此off 改成from。‎ ‎6.a改成an old首字母发元音，前面需用an,故a改成an。‎ ‎7.let前加not 根据句意，此处是不让别人嘲笑我，应用否定，故let前加not。‎ ‎8.myself改成me 根据句意，此处应用宾格代词，而不是反身代词，故myself改成me。‎ ‎9.to去掉 此处是一个宾语从句，谓语部分是（should）do,用原形，故to去掉。‎ ‎10． largest改成 large 此处是指大石碑，没有最高级的意思，故largest改成 large。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 短文改错解题步骤:‎ ‎1.通读全文，了解短文大意，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑，尤其是有的行文逻辑方面的错误在看单句时难以发现错误（比如前文用mike，后文代词用she等）。在通读全文时把一些容易的错误先改好，再进行分句改错。‎ ‎2.分局阅读，逐行找错。在完成第一步后，要进行逐行主句的改错。这是要对文中的词法、句法和语篇角度着重分析和特别注意。‎ ‎3.最后把改好的短文再阅读一遍，检查答案是否正确，感觉是否还有不妥之处，最终形成定稿。‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎ ‎2016年模拟题 ‎1. 【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三上学期期中考试】A good interviewer is able to tell very quickly if you’ve done your homework about the company, so make sure you !‎ A. do B. have C. will do D. did ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词。句意：一个优秀的面试官能够很快判断出你是否做了功课去了解公司，因此一定要确保你做了准备。故选B。这儿“make sure you have”是“make sure you have done your homework about the company”的省略。‎ 考点：省略句 ‎2.【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三上学期期中考试】One of the firms I applied to has offered me a job but I _____ my options open until I hear from the others.‎ A. have kept B. will have kept C. am keeping D. keep ‎【答案】C 考点：考查动词时态 ‎3. 【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三上学期期中考试】At the age of 14, Father had to ‎ leave school and start working. There would be no one to support the family _______ he not worked.‎ A. did B. has C. had D. was ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词时态。句意：14岁时，父亲不得不离开学校，开始工作。要是他不工作的话，就没有人来养活这个家庭了。此处是if引导的非真实条件句，与过去事实相反，当把if省略时则把助动词had/should情态动词were提到主语前面。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词时态 ‎4.【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三上学期期中考试】—The dinner was very good. I am so full.‎ ‎ —That’s too bad. But some dessert ________.‎ A. has been ordered B. will be ordered C. was going to order D. has ordered ‎【答案】A ‎【名师点拨】‎ book预定(表示预定机票、船票、戏票等票和预定房间)； order预定(表示预定饭菜)。‎ 考点：考查动词的时态及语态在交际中的应用 ‎5. 【 江苏省淮安市淮海中学2016届高三9月月考】 As you know, I have just returned from my holidays in Athens, where I _____ for a fortnight.‎ A. stayed B. had stayed C. would stay D. was staying ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：你知道我刚从雅典的假期回来，我在那停留了两个星期。根据句意可知现在已经回来，没有继续延续下去，所以用一般现在时，所以选A。‎ 考点：考查动词的时态和语态 ‎6. 【 江苏省淮安市淮海中学2016届高三9月月考】 The British increased control over their American colonies, soldiers ________ there to ensure that the Americans would obey them.‎ A. were stationed B. to be stationed C. being stationed D. stationed ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：英国人加强了对美国殖民地的控制，士兵们安置在那里确保美国人服从他们。 这里过去分词做伴随状语，所以用stationed，故选D。‎ 考点：考查动词的时态和语态 ‎7.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学期期中考试】Nowadays a strange, new dilemma faces Chinese pedestrians: should you help an elderly person who ________ into the street? ‎ A. is falling B. has fallen C. had fallen D. was falling ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：如今中国行人面临着一种奇怪、新的困境：该不该帮助摔倒在马路上的老人？此处指已经摔倒在地的老人，强调完成，应该用现在完成时，故选B。‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎8.【江苏省五校联考2016届高三英语第二次英语试题】—Could you say something about Turkey’s downing of the Russian fighter jet?‎ ‎ —Sorry. It ______ by a group of experts and will be made clear the moment they get the answer.‎ A. has been investigated B. is being investigated ‎ C. was investigated D. was being investigated ‎【答案】B 考点：考查动词时态 ‎9．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟2016届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】 -Mum，I always feel everything is unfair to me． ‎ ‎--Complaints in life ________ no sense，for things will be what they should be．‎ A． make B． have made C． will make D． are making ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：— 妈妈，我总觉得一切对我都是不公平。— 埋怨生活毫无意义，因为事情该怎样就会怎样。本句是一般现在时，说明现阶段的状况。故选A。‎ 考点：考查动词时态。‎ ‎10．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟2016届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】--- Do you remember when I first met you?‎ ‎---- Of course. I ___________ at Oxford University.‎ A. studied B. had studied C. have studied D. was studying ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：----你还记得当我第一次见面你吗? ---当然。我正在牛津大学学习。when I first met you我和你见面时，那时候是过去进行时was studying。故选D。‎ 考点：考查动词时态。‎ ‎11. 【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三下学期期初联考】— I hear that Jason is planning to buy a new car.‎ ‎ —I know. By next month, he ________ enough for a used one.‎ ‎ A. has saved B. saves C. will be saving D. will have saved ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ 考点：考查时态的用法。‎ ‎12. 【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】 --- Could you bring me that novel you _________ me about when I dropped in on you?‎ ‎ --- Sorry, I can’t. I have given it to a friend.‎ A. told B. would tell C. had told D. had been telling ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：考查动词的时态。句意：你能把我拜访你时看到的那个小说给我带来吗？对不起，我已经把它给我朋友了。When I telephoned you 是一个明确的过去时间点，表示那时正在发生的动作应用过去进行时，故选A项。 ‎ 考点 : 考查动词的时态 ‎ ‎13. 【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】The crazy fans ________ patiently in the rain for almost three hours, and they would wait until the famous star arrived.‎ A. were waiting B. have waited C. had been waiting D. would wait ‎【答案】C ‎ 考点 : 考查动词的时态 ‎14. 【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】 The vegetable looking fresh in his field ______well. It’s often sold out immediately it appears in the market.‎ A. has sold B. has been sold C. is sold D. sells ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词的用法 。表示是物本身属性时用主动，不用被动。例如，sell well“好卖”，write well“”好写，wash well“好洗”等。排除B、C；句意“他的田里的蔬菜看起来很新鲜，卖得很好。”说的是一般情况，故用一般现在时，故选D.‎ 考点 : 考查动词时态的用法 ‎15. 【江苏省苏北四市（徐州、淮安、连云港、宿迁）2016届高三上学期期中质量】—Dear me! It’s you, Bob! I ______ to recognize you at first sight!‎ ‎ —Nor did I! Time has changed us a lot!‎ ‎ A. fail B. failed C. have failed D. had failed ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析： 考查动词的时态。句意：——哇塞(天哪)，是你吗，鲍勃！我第一眼没有认出你来。——我也是。岁月让我们改变了好多啊！根据语境可知刚才没有认出来，所以用一般过去时。 ‎ 考点：考查动词的时态 ‎16. 【江苏省苏北四市（徐州、淮安、连云港、宿迁）2016届高三上学期期中质量】On the morning of October 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus and his crew came to the shores of the Caribbean islands, mistakenly believing they ________ in Southeast Asia.‎ ‎ A. arrived B. had arrived C. has arrived D. would arrive ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词的时态。句意：在1492年十月12日的早上，克里斯多弗·哥伦布和他的船员来到加勒比海岸，误认为他们已经到达了东南亚。强调“到达”动作的完成所产生的影响或结果“mistakenly believing误认为”，故“arrive”发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。 ‎ 考点：考查动词的时态 ‎ ‎18. 【江苏省苏北四市（徐州、淮安、连云港、宿迁）2016届高三上学期期中质量】Make the best of your precious time and study harder — this time next year you _______ the colorful campus life in your dream university!‎ ‎ A. will enjoy B. are enjoying C. will have enjoyed D. will be enjoying ‎【答案】D ‎ 考点：考查动词的时态 ‎ ‎19. 【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】A Santa Monica High School teacher ________ put on leave after using physical force to control a student selling marijuana(大麻) in his classroom ________ surprising support on Facebook.‎ A. who; has received B. who was; was received C. was; was received D. that was; has received ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查定语从句和动词时态。句意：一位圣莫尼卡的高中老师用武力制止住一个正在卖大麻的学生，他被迫休假，从而在网上引起广泛的支持。第一空是一个定语从句，从句中用一般过去时态的被动语态；第二空是主句的谓语部分，用现在完成时态，故选D。‎ 考点：考查定语从句和动词时态 ‎20.【浙江省金丽衢十二校2016届高三上学期第一次联考】 Since late 2013 when the Chinese government relaxed the family planning policy, only 1.5 million couples ____ to have a second child.‎ A. applied B. had applied C. would apply D. have applied ‎【答案】D 考点：考查动词时态 ‎21.【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2016届高三下学期开学回头考】— He speaks Chinese very well. ‎ ‎ — It’s not surprising. He ___ in Beijing for nine years next week. ‎ ‎ A. has been living B. has lived ‎ C. will have been lived D. will have been living ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查时态。句意：---他汉语说的很好。---这不吃惊。下周他将已经在北京住了九年了。表示持续到现在并且仍在进行的动作，应用现在完成进行时。live为不及物动词，无被动语态。故知选D项。 ‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎ ‎22.【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2016届高三下学期开学回头考】— Many drugs have been forbidden recently. ‎ ‎— Actually. But the scientists say that before a new drug ___ on humans, plenty of studies___.‎ ‎ A. can be tested; are needed B. can test; are needed ‎ ‎ C. can be tested; need D. can test; need ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：考查语态。句意：---最近许多药物都已经被禁用了。----真的。但是科学家们说一种新药能够在人的身上试用之前，需要大量的研究。根据drug是test的动作承受者，studies是need的动作承受者，应该用被动语态。根据题意可知选A项。 ‎ 考点：考查语态 ‎ ‎【语法填空】‎ ‎1.【河南省重点中学协作体2016届高三第二次适应性考试】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ It is sad but true that people die in earthquakes   61   falling furniture and bricks. Earthquake   62     (safe) is very important and there is more to it    63    just keeping buildings from falling down. So if your home is in an earthquake area, you should prepare carefully before the earthquake    64     (come).‎ First, make sure you buy a house which is earthquake safe. All pipes should be fixed ‎ to the walls and all walls should be   65   (especial) thick and strong. Make sure the building has no  66   (break) windows and is well repaired.‎ Second, look at the objects in your house. Objects    67    computers, televisions and lamps can be tied to tables or    68    (stick) to them so they won’t easily move around. The cupboards,   69    many small things are stored, should have strong doors. Always remember,   70     (good) safe than sorry.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61. from   ‎ ‎62. safety   ‎ ‎63. than   ‎ ‎64. comes   ‎ ‎65. especially  ‎ ‎66. broken   ‎ ‎67. like ‎68. stuck   ‎ ‎69. where    ‎ ‎70. better ‎62. safety   考查名词。本句中横线所填之词在句中做主语，所以使用名词safety。‎ ‎63. than   考查介词。介词than通常和比较级连用。句意：地震安全非常重要，有比让楼房不要倒塌的更重要的事情可做。‎ ‎64. comes   考查时态。本句中before引导时间状语从句，从句中要使用一般现在时代替将来时。‎ ‎65. especially ‎ ‎ 考查副词。在英语中副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词在句中做定语或者表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词especially修饰形容词thick and strong。‎ ‎66. broken  考查形容词。形容词broken破旧的，坏的；是过去分词转换而来的形容词，修饰名词windows意为：坏窗户。句意：确保房子没有坏窗户并被很好地维修。‎ ‎67. like 考查介词。介词“like像...一样”表示列举。句意：像电脑、电视和台灯这样的物品可以背系在桌子上或被黏在上面。‎ ‎68. stuck   考查固定搭配。短语be stuck to....黏在...上；句意：像电脑、电视和台灯这样的物品可以背系在桌子上或被黏在上面。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 本文考查了关系副词where引导的定语从句。关系副词 where 主要用于修饰表示地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。‎ 如：This is the village where he was born. 这就是他出生的村子。‎ ‎ That’s the hotel where we were staying last summer. 这就是我们去年夏天住的旅馆。‎ ‎ Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus. 巴巴拉在奥伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽车去上班。‎ 与 when 的用法一样，注意不要一见到先行词为地点名词，就以为一定要用关系副词where来引导定语从句，同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分——如果在定语从句中用作地点状语，就用where；如果在定语从句中不是用作时间状语，而是用作主语或宾语，那就不能用where，而要用that, which等。如：‎ He works in a factory that [which] makes TV sets. 他在一家电视机厂工作。‎ 关系代词that / which在定语从句中用作主语。‎ 另外注意，where有时还可用于抽象名词后引导定语从句。如：‎ We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。‎ There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb. 在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。‎ He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and ‎ wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是 考点：考查语法填空 ‎2.【江西师大附中、鹰潭一中2016届高三下学期第一次联考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Facebook CEO Zuckerberg just had a baby girl named Max, and 61 (honor) the occasion, he's giving away the majority of his wealth. In the letter written by Zuckerberg and his wife, Priscilla Chan, to their new baby girl, he announced the birth of his first child and the ____62 (create) of the Chan Zuckerberg Fund, 63 will focus on personalized learning, curing disease, connecting people and 64 (build) strong communities. ‎ ‎“For your generation to live in 65 better world, there is so much more our generation can do,” Zuckerberg wrote. “Today your mother and I are committing to spend our lives doing our small part to help solve these challenges.” The couple 66 (donate) nearly all of their Facebook stock to the cause. “We will give 99% of our Facebook shares － ____67 (current) about 45 billion － to advance this 68 (value) mission,” he wrote. “We know this is a small contribution compared 69 all the resources and talents already working on these issues. 70 we want to do what we can, working alongside many others.” ‎ ‎【答案】 ‎ ‎61.to honor ‎ ‎62.creation ‎63.which ‎64.building ‎65.a ‎66.will donate ‎67.currently ‎68.valuable ‎69.to/with ‎70.But ‎63.which.考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是Chan Zuckerberg Fund在定语从句中做主语，故填关系代词which.‎ ‎64.building.考查动词形式。此处用于介词on后，和前面的learning, curing, connecting并列，故填building.‎ ‎65.a.考查冠词。句中world是可数名词，此处指为了你们这一代生活在一个更好的世界，故填a.‎ ‎66.will donate.考查时态。此处指这对夫妇将捐献几乎所有的脸谱网股份给事业，指将来的动作，故填will donate.‎ ‎67.currently.考查副词。此处当前大约有45 billion，修饰后面数字用副词，故填currently.‎ ‎68.valuable.考查形容词。此处修饰名词mission要用形容词，指目的是推进这个有价值的任务，故填valuable.‎ 考点：考查人物故事类短文阅读。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 短文填空是根据首字母提示及短文大意填词的短文阅读。此题型要求结合文章内容填出单词，所填单词往往与文章的内容息息相关，因而解题前必须通读全文，对全文内容有一个整体的了解，从中获取文章的基本结构、体裁、主题及所使用的语态等信息。通读后再复读，边读边填词。‎ 填词时应注意所填词的词性，如果是动词，需根据其在句中的意思确定其正确的时态、语态及非谓语动词形式比如文章第61小题考查不定式。此处是不定式表目的，指为了纪念这个机会，故填to honor.第64小题考查动词形式。此处用于介词on后，和前面的learning, curing, connecting并列，故填building. 第66小题考查时态。此处指这对夫妇将捐献几乎所有的脸谱网股份给事业，指将来的动作，故填will donate.‎ 如果是名词应注意其单复数、所有格的变化。‎ 如果是代词应注意其主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词等的变化。‎ 如果是形容词、副词应注意其等级的变化及两者之间的转化，第67小题考查副词。此处当前大约有45 billion，修饰后面数字用副词，故填currently. 第68小题考查形容词。此处修饰名词mission要用形容词，指目的是推进这个有价值的任务，故填valuable.‎ ‎ 如果考查某些语法内容及特殊句式，要牢记语法规则，认真分析。第63小题考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是Chan Zuckerberg Fund在定语从句中做主语，故填关系代词which.‎ 对于有一定难度的空处，先将其放置一边做后面的，最后再从全篇内容上考虑、分析，仔细体会出题者的意图。填完所有单词后，必须将所有填的词带入文中再读一遍，仔细检查自己所填的词是否与文章的情境、内容一致，读起来是否流畅，单词拼写是否正确，单词形式是否恰当等，发现问题应及时纠正。‎ ‎3.【河南省焦作市2016届高三第一次模拟】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ A blind boy sat on the steps of a building with a box by his feet. He held up a sign 61__ （read）, “I am blind, please help.” 62 were only a few coins in the box. The boy felt sad. A man was walking by. He took out a few coins from his pocket and dropped them into the box. Then he took the sign, turned it around and wrote some words. He placed the sign 63 it had been so that everyone who walked by would see the new words. Soon the box was full 64__ coins. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy.‎ That afternoon, the man, by 65 the sign had been changed, came to see how things were. The boy 66 （recognize） his footsteps and asked, “Are you the one who changed my sign this morning? What did you write?” The man said, “ I 67 （simple）wrote the truth. I said what you mid but in a 68 （difference）way.” 69 he had written was, “Today is 70 beautiful day but I can not see it.”‎ ‎【答案】  ‎ ‎61.reading  ‎ ‎62.There ‎ ‎63.where ‎ ‎64.of ‎ ‎65.whom ‎66.recognized ‎ ‎67.simply   ‎ ‎68.different ‎ ‎69.What  ‎ ‎70.a ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章通过一个智者帮助一个盲人男孩的事情故事我们一个道理我们应该对我们所拥有的东西心存感激。‎ ‎61.reading   他举着一个牌子，牌子上写着：“我是盲人，请帮助我”。此处为现在分词作定语，故填reading。‎ ‎62.There  盒子里只有几个硬币。There be表“有”。故填There。‎ ‎63.where  他把牌子放回原地，以便于人们能看到刚写到上面的字。故填where。‎ ‎64.of  be full of充满，故填of。‎ ‎65.whom 那天下午，改变标牌的的人过来看事情进展如何。Whom引导定语从句，位于介词之后，故填whom。‎ ‎66.recognized  根据后面的并列连词and 及谓语动词asked可知应用一般过去时。故填recognized。‎ 考点：考查语法填空 ‎4.【广东省深圳市2016年高三第二次调研】阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Is there such a thing as being “over-protective”?‎ I can honestly say that my answer to that question 61 (change) dramatically（戏剧性地）since I became a parent.‎ Before the birth of my daughter, I taught at 62 private school, often viewing my students as over-protected, worrying 63 would happen when they went on to middle schools.‎ Some did fine, and some did not. Some needed constant pats on the back, words of ‎ ‎64 (encourage) and extra support, which I 65 (happy) gave. Others were content on their own, needing little or no interaction（互动）with their teacher. 66 for the most part, graduates would go on for higher schooling.‎ I’d always supposed their parents were over-protective, for they were the ones that still walked their 67 (five) graders into the classroom and met them at the school gate.‎ Admittedly, I laughed at those parents, 68 (think) their children would never learn to be 69 (independence) if they didn’t let go just a little. Then I had my own daughter. The moment I looked at her little face, I 70 (know) I’d do everything in my power to protect her and make sure she always felt safe!‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61. has changed ‎ ‎62. a ‎ ‎63. what ‎ ‎64. encouragement ‎ ‎65. happily ‎66. But ‎ ‎67. fifth ‎ ‎68. thinking ‎ ‎69. independent ‎ ‎70. knew ‎62. a 考查冠词用法。本句中名词“school学校”是一个可数名词，前面加a表示泛指。句意：在女儿出生之前，我在一所私立学校教书。‎ ‎63. what 考查宾语从句。本句中what引导宾语从句“what would ‎ happen”作为动词worry的宾语，并在句中做主语。‎ ‎64. encouragement 考查名词。横线前面有介词of，说明横线上应该使用名词做宾语，动词encourage的名词是encouragement。‎ ‎65. happily 考查副词。在英语中副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常做定语或表语修饰名词。本句中使用副词happily作状语修饰动词give。‎ ‎66. But 考查连词。虽然有人需要鼓励，有人不需要鼓励，但是大部分人都要进入更高一级的学校学习。上下文之间表示转折关系，使用but连接上下文。‎ ‎67. fifth 考查序数词。本句中the fifth graders指五年级的学生。很多父母亲还陪着五年级的学生上学。‎ ‎68. thinking 考查分词做状语。本句中动词think与句子主语I之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中做状语。句意：我嘲笑那些父母亲，认为他们的孩子永远都无法学会独立。‎ ‎69. independent 考查形容词。本句中形容词independent与be连用构成不定式作为动词learn的宾语。句意：我嘲笑那些父母亲，认为他们的孩子永远都无法学会独立。‎ ‎70. knew 考查时态。本句的时间状语是the moment I looked at her little face，叙述的是过去发生的事情，所以主句中使用一般过去式knew。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 本文考查了what引导的宾语从句的用法。what引导名词性从句的五种用法 ‎ ‎1. 表示“......的东西或事情”： ‎ They’ve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他赚多少，积蓄多少。 What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。 2. 表示“......的人或的样子”： ‎ He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。 ‎ Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？ ‎ ‎3. 表示“......的数量或数目”： ‎ Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。 ‎ The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。 4. 表示“......的时间”： ‎ After what seemed lik e hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 ‎ The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。 ‎ ‎5. 表示“......的地方”： ‎ This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。 ‎ In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。‎ 考点：考查语法填空 ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎1.【广东省深圳市2016年高三第二次调研】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 ‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。‎ ‎ Last month, I was told we would have our first military training. At first, I thought it will be hard to spend a whole week stayed away from school and home. The sunshine would be very strongly during these days, or we could easily get sunburnt. Later, when I was in the camp, I found it was a lot fun. The training was hard for you all. But my classmates and I were treated very kindly by all the soldier. The food in the camp look simple, but tasted good. Now you never know how happy days we had in the camp. I think the experience has been made us stronger!‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. will改为would ‎ ‎2. stayed改为staying ‎ ‎3. strongly改为strong ‎ ‎4. or改为and/so ‎ ‎5. lot后面接of ‎6. you改为us ‎ ‎7. soldier改为soldiers ‎ ‎8. look改为looked ‎ ‎9. how改为what ‎ ‎10. 删除been ‎2. stayed改为staying 考查固定句式。句式spend....（in）doing sth花费时间做某事，其中的介词in可以省略。所以本句中使用动名词staying。‎ ‎3. strongly改为strong 考查形容词。在英语中副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句使用形容词strong在句中和系动词be连用构成系表结构。‎ ‎4. or改为and/so 考查连词。句意：白天的阳光很强烈，所以我们很容易被晒伤。上下文之间是顺接和因果关系，所以使用and/so连接上下文。‎ ‎5. lot后面接of 考查形容词短语。短语a lot of许多，大量；该短语既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。短语a lot通常做状语。本句中a lot of修饰不可数名词fun。‎ ‎6. you改为us 考查代词。根据文章第一句可知：我们要去军训。这样的军训对“我们”来说很艰难。所以要使用“us”作为介词for的宾语。‎ ‎7. soldier改为soldiers 考查名词单复数。名词“soldier士兵”是一个可数名词，本句中前面有all修饰，所以使用其复数形式soldiers。‎ ‎8. look改为looked 考查时态。本文叙述的是作者去看见军训的事情，所以要使用一般过去时，过去式looked与tasted相对应。‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎2.【湖南省师大附中、长沙一中、长郡中学、雅礼中学2016届高三四校联考】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。‎ 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或 修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改！存错词下划一横线，并存该词下而写出修改后的词．‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ A large number of students from all over the country studies in our beautiful new school. There has a big library in our school. We can take out all the different kind of books we like to read. I often borrowed novels from a library. There is also a beautiful garden in their school. I like to do most is enjoy the great view of it. Many kinds of flowers of different colors bloom in it, so lots of butterflies come or fly around them.‎ Our classroom is next to in the garden. Have classes in such a beautiful environment,‎ we feel very happy.‎ ‎【答案】‎ 1. 第一行studies改成study 2. 第二行has 改成 is 3. 第二行kind 改成kinds 1. 第三行 borrowed改成borrow 2. 第三行a改成the 3. 第四行their 改成our 4. 第四行I前面加What 5. 第五行 or改成and 6. 第六行 in去掉 7. 第六行Have 改成Having ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：‎ 1. 第一行studies改成study 考查主谓一致。主语是A large number of students复数形式，故谓语动词用原形。‎ 2. 第二行has 改成 is 考查there be句型，某地有某物，表存在用there be句型，且后面跟的是a big library单数，故用is。‎ 3. 第二行kind 改成kinds 考查单复数。我们可以借我们喜欢的不同种类的书，不同种类的是复数，故kind用复数形式。‎ 4. 第三行 borrowed改成borrow 考查时态。全文都是一般现在时，这里也应该用一般现在时，故borrowed改成borrow。‎ 5. 第三行a改成the 考查冠词。这里的library是上文提到过的，所以用定冠词。‎ 6. 第四行their 改成our 考查代词。全文都在讲我的学校，用的都是第一人称，所以这里应该用第一人称，故their 改成our。‎ 7. 第四行I前面加What 考查主语从句引导词。本句的主语应该是个从句，故在I前面加What。‎ 考点：短文改错 ‎3.【山东省淄博市淄川第一中学2016届高三上学期期末】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Ladies and gentlemen，‎ It’s my honor to give a speech here．After-class activities play a important part in our school life．Proper activities help enrich our lives，broaden our horizons or develop our personalities.‎ Mine own experience can serve as a case in point. When I was in Senior one，I become a member of our drama club，that I used to visit on weekends．Since my participation in various activities organizing by the club，I achieved a lot．‎ These activities bring me a lot of funs，provide me with good opportunities to develop new friend-ships and open a window through which I have a brand-new outlook．With so much advantages shown above，why not to join us at once？‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎71.a---an ‎72.or---and ‎73.Mine---Wy ‎74.become---became ‎75.that---which ‎76.organizing---organized ‎77.I前添加have ‎78.funs---fun ‎79.much---many ‎80.去掉to ‎75.that---which考查非限制性定语从句。引导词在从句中不作任何成分，并且有逗号隔开，故改为which。‎ ‎76.organizing---organized考查activities和organize之间构成被动关系，故改为organized。‎ ‎77.I前添加have考查完成时。根据语境可知这里是已经成为，是现在完成时，故添加have。‎ ‎78.funs---fun考查名词。Fun是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故改为fun。‎ ‎79.much---many考查副词。Advantages是可数名词，应用many来形容，故改为many。‎ ‎80.去掉to考查固定结构。Why not do是固定结构，故去掉do。‎ 考点：考查词汇和句型的用法。‎ ‎4.【黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2016届高三上学期期末】短文中共有10处语言错误，每句话最多两处错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在此处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出增加的词;‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉;‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从十一处起）不计分。‎ Everyone has a dream. We are on the way to achieve it whether the way is smooth or toughly. As senior 3 student, I have the same dream as my classmates that I can be admitted to an ideal university. In the past three years, I have done everything I can to equip myself with that I have learnt from my teachers. Not only have I enjoyed the pleasure of study but also I have got closer to my dream. Anxious and pressure did discourage from me at times. Besides, with the encouragement of my teachers and classmates, I think I’ll make it.‎ I’m sure that there has still a long way to go to achieve my dream. No matter how challenged it is, I’ll make it come true. As the proverb said,” Where there’s a will, there’s a way.”‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.achieve改为achieving ‎2.toughly改为tough ‎3.Senior前加 a ‎4.that改为what ‎5.anxious改为anxiety ‎6.去掉from ‎7.Besides改为However ‎8.has改为is ‎9.challenged改为challenging ‎10.said改为says ‎3.Senior前加 a；考查冠词。student是可数名词。故在Senior前加 a。‎ ‎4.把equip myself with 后的that改为what；考查宾语从句。with是介词，后面应该接宾语，that不能引导宾语从句。故把equip myself with 后的that改为what。‎ ‎5.anxious改为anxiety；这一句的主语是anxious and pressure，但是anxious是形容词，不能做主语，故将anxious改为anxiety。‎ ‎6.去掉from；固定用法。discourage 是及物动词，后面直接接名词。故去掉from。‎ ‎7.Besides改为However；前一句句意;紧张和压力有时候确实会让我泄气。后一句句意：在老师和同学的鼓励下，我认为我可以成功。两句没有明显的并列关系，而是转折的关系，故将Besides改为However。‎ ‎8.has改为is；固定句型：there be 句型。故将has改为is。‎ ‎9.challenged改为challenging；考查challenge的形容词词意。challenged受到挑战的；challenging具有挑战性的。而文中句意，根据上下文，应该是无论它有多具有挑战力…故将challenged改为challenging。‎ ‎10.said改为says；常规用法。名言、谚语、俗语等是客观存在的，应该用一般现在时来表达，故将said改为says。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 短文改错答题技巧 一、高考英语改错题的常见错误类型 ‎1、谓语动词的时态和语态 ‎2、句子结构和句子完整性 ‎3、名词单复数及主谓一致问题 ‎4、上下文语意和代词 ‎5、介词 固定搭配 ‎6、固定（习惯）用法 ‎7、形容词和副词是否误用及其比较等级是否正确；‎ ‎8、冠词。取舍与选择是否正确 ‎9、连词和从句引导词 ‎10、非谓语动词的形式是否正确 二、命题趋势 词法错误、句法错误和行文逻辑 1. 一致关系：包括主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代一致等。‎ ‎2.平行结构：包括动词与动词相配，形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，不定式与不定式相配等。常由并列连词或词组连接。如：and， or ， but，neither…nor…, as well as 等.‎ 例如第7题，前一句句意;紧张和压力有时候确实会让我泄气。后一句句意：在老师和同学的鼓励下，我认为我可以成功。两句没有明显的并列关系，而是转折的关系，故将Besides改为However。‎ ‎3. 非谓语动词的用法：如to的省略，过去分词与现在分词的误用等。‎ ‎4．多余词或者缺词：常常是介词、副词等的多余或缺少。‎ 例如第3题，student是可数名词，但是在文章中既没有用复数形式，也没有冠词，因此可以知道这里缺冠词。故在Senior前加 a。 ‎ ‎5．词性的混用。‎ ‎6．行文逻辑判断等 三、注意事项：‎ ‎（一）改前通读全文, 切忌拿来就改，这一步很关键。这一步的目标是了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。记叙文强调时间、地点、人物和事件四要素，在通读全文理解全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改好 ‎（二）分句阅读，逐行找错。在纠错时要仔细地读懂每一个句子，这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇（详见考查要点）角度着重分析和特别注意。把涉及 到以上错误类型的词多斟酌一下。‎ ‎（三）做将答案放回原文,再重读全文。其目的主要是查看有无不符合逻辑,语句不通畅,不符合英语习惯的问题。‎ ‎5.【吉林省吉林大学附属中学2016届高三上学期第四次摸底】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ The water we drink and use was running short. We all have to learn how to stop wasted water. One of the step that we should take is to find ways of reusing them. Today in the most large cities, fresh water is used only once and then it runs in a waste system. But it is possibly to pipe the used water to a purifying factory, when the used water can be treated with chemical materials by the workers so that it can be reused. But even if every large city purified and reused it’s water, we still would have enough water.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.was改为is ‎2.wasted改为wasting ‎3.step改为steps ‎4.them改为it ‎5.in the most large去掉the ‎6.in改为into ‎7.possibly改为possible ‎8.when改为where ‎9.it’s改为its ‎10.would后加not ‎【解析】‎ ‎1.was改为is；考查动词时态。整篇文章讲述的是现在的情况，所以要用一般现在时。故将was改为is。‎ ‎2.wasted改为wasting；考查动词stop的用法。stop doing停止做正在做的事；stop to do 停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。这里的句意是：我们不得不去学习怎样停止浪费水资源。故将wasted改为wasting。‎ ‎6.in改为into；考查介词的用法。in是表示的动作位置的静态介词，表示“在…里面”；而into是表示动作方向的动态介词，表示“到…里面去”，常与表示动作的动词（如：come, go, run, rush等）连用，故将in改为into。‎ ‎7.possibly改为possible；考查系动词的用法。is是系动词，后面一般接名词，形容词等。possibly是副词。故将possibly改为possible。‎ ‎8.when改为where；考查非限制性定语从句。先行词factory是一个地点名词，所以应该用地点关系副词where来引导定语从句。故将when改为where。‎ ‎9.it’s改为its；考查代词。every large city purified and reused it’s water,句意：每个大城市都净化并且重新利用它的废水。it’s是it is的缩写形式，故将it’s改为its。‎ ‎10.would后加not；根据上文内容可知此处说的是将来没有水来利用，表示否定意思，故在would后加not。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 短文改错答题技巧 一、高考英语改错题的常见错误类型 ‎1、谓语动词的时态和语态 ‎2、句子结构和句子完整性 ‎3、名词单复数及主谓一致问题 ‎4、上下文语意和代词 ‎5、介词 固定搭配 ‎6、固定（习惯）用法 ‎7、形容词和副词是否误用及其比较等级是否正确；‎ ‎8、冠词。取舍与选择是否正确 ‎9、连词和从句引导词 ‎10、非谓语动词的形式是否正确 二、命题趋势 词法错误、句法错误和行文逻辑 1. 一致关系：包括主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代一致等。‎ ‎2.平行结构：包括动词与动词相配，形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，不定式与不定式相配等。常由并列连词或词组连接。如：and， or ， but，neither…nor…, as well as 等.‎ ‎3. 非谓语动词的用法：如to的省略，过去分词与现在分词的误用等。‎ ‎4．多余词或者缺词：常常是介词、副词等的多余或缺少。‎ 例如第5题，考查冠词的用法。most表示最高级时前面才需要加定冠词the,而此处是“大多数”的意思，故将the去掉。 ‎ ‎5．词性的混用。‎ ‎6．行文逻辑判断等 三、注意事项：‎ ‎（一）改前通读全文, 切忌拿来就改，这一步很关键。这一步的目标是了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。记叙文强调时间、地点、人物和事件四要素，在通读全文理解全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改好 ‎（二）分句阅读，逐行找错。在纠错时要仔细地读懂每一个句子，这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇（详见考查要点）角度着重分析和特别注意。把涉及 到以上错误类型的词多斟酌一下。‎ ‎（三）做将答案放回原文,再重读全文。其目的主要是查看有无不符合逻辑,语句不通畅,不符合英语习惯的问题。‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1. China _____ its first human spaceflight mission in more than three years successfully, placing into orbit a spacecraft carrying two astronauts that will dock with a new space laboratory module. ‎ ‎ A. launched B. has launched C. had launched D. would launch ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查时态 句意：时隔三年中国再次进行载人航天发射，搭载两名航天员的载人飞船进入轨道，与其他空间实验室对接。此题考查时态，依据句意可知讲述的过去发生的事情，故选A。‎ ‎【考点】考查时态 ‎2. —Mike, what’s your opinion about the problem Jack has described?‎ ‎—I’m sorry I have missed his problem, but I ______ about another one.‎ ‎ A. thought B. have thought C. had thought D. was thinking ‎3. It is always the case that the police conducted an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who ________ the offence.‎ ‎ A. commits B. commit C. committed D. will commit ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】考查时态 句意：在案件中通常是警察先进行调查再研究那些表明可能是谁犯罪的证据。题干中“suggest”一词较有迷惑性，此处考查的是“暗示，表明”之意，故不能使用虚拟语气，结合句意可知C项正确，‎ ‎【考点】考查时态 ‎4. Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it ________ and is beyond our control.‎ A. has passed B. will pass C. passed D. had passed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 句意：生活教会我们不要后悔昨天的事情，因为它已经过去，我们无法掌控。A. has passed 现在完成时。根据句意可以判断，这里表示动作已经完成，应该用现在完成时， 故选A。‎ 考点：考查动词时态的用法 ‎5. It is the 20th time in history that Chinese women’s table tennis team ___________the honorable award---M Corbillon Cup(考比伦杯).‎ A. won B. had won C. have won D. has won ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：这是中国女子乒乓球队历史上第20次赢得＂考比伦杯＂这一荣誉奖项。依照句子结构来看，本句主要考查 ＂It is the +序数词 time that+从句＂的时态，该句型中that从句要用现在完成时，从句的主语为＂Chinese women’s table tennis team＂，为单数，故选D。‎ ‎【考点】考查时态 ‎6. Alan Greenspan, once reported as a financial god, had to admit that he _______ some serious mistakes.‎ A. made B. had made C. has been making D. has made ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：曾经被报道为金融之神的艾伦·格林斯潘不得不承认他之前也犯过一些严重的错误。该空动作发生在主句动作“had to admit”之前，应用过去完成时。故选B项。‎ 考点：动词时态 ‎7. You will have to wear strong shoes if you _______ some climbing in such tough conditions.‎ A. have done B. will do C. would do D. are to do ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：如果你打算在这种恶劣的条件下去爬山，你得穿结实的鞋。be to do sth.用于条件句，意为“如果想……，设想……”(=if ….want to do sth.)。故选D项。‎ 考点：动词时态 ‎8. —My wife ______ for new clothes, but actually her wardrobe is full. ‎ ‎—Women like spending money just for the sake of it.‎ A. always hunts B. has always hunted C. is always hunting D. will always hunt ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【考点】考查时态 ‎9. —Do you know where Tom is?‎ ‎—He ________ in the reading room this morning, but I don’t know if he is still there.‎ A. read B. had read C. was reading D. has read ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查时态。 句意：—你知道Tom在哪吗？—‎ 他今早在阅览室读书，但我不知道他现在是否还在那里。此题考查时态，题目表示的是他今早所处的状态，故用过去进行时，所以选C项适合。‎ ‎【考点】考查时态 ‎10. ---You look pretty tired.‎ ‎ ---That’s right. I ________ until early this morning, preparing a report for the coming meeting. I can hardly keep my eyes open.‎ ‎ A. sat up B. have sat up C. have been sitting up D. am sitting up ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：---呢看上去很累啊。---是啊，我为准备要开会的报告一直坐到今天早上，现在眼都睁不开了。从时态上看，现在两个人在进行对话故已经准备报告的事情是过去的事情了，所以应该是过去时，故选A。‎ 考点: 考查时态语态 ‎11. She is a famous lawyer in New York now, but nobody knows she ________ part-time jobs everywhere to make a living for six years.‎ A. does B. did C. had done D. has done ‎【答案】B ‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎12. I ______ a report about the environment here over the last few days, which I have to hand in next week.‎ A. wrote B. was writing C. had written D. have been writing ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据语境可知，本句中用现在完成进行时表示write这一动作这些天一直在进行。故选D。‎ 考点：动词时态 ‎13. About 3.000 Chinese students will go to universities in America this year, plus ‎ 200 who _____ earlier for graduate and postgraduate studies.‎ ‎ A. admit B. are admitted C. have been admitted D. had been admitted ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：加上早些时候因为毕业和研究生学习而被录取的200名学生，今年大概会有3000名学生去美国上大学。此处表示的是“已经被录取的”故用完成时态的被动语态较为适合，故选C。‎ 考点: 考查时态语态 ‎14. I ______to meet you at the airport this morning but I was too busy for I was writing a report.‎ A. meant B. had meant C. have meant D. would mean ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：我本打算今天早上到机场接你，但是我太忙了，因为我在写一份报告。had meant to do或meant to have done本打算做某事，所以选B。‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎15. Blinda _______ changing jobs when this chance of promotion occurred, so she took it and stayed on at a much higher salary. ‎ A. was thinking of B. thought of C. had been thinking of D. was to think of ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 根据句意可知，有个升职机会从天而降的时候，贝琳达正在考虑换个工作。此处描述的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时。‎ 考点：时态 ‎16. In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China from heavy fogs and severe cold.‎ ‎ A. had suffered B. have been suffering C. were suffered D. suffered ‎【答案】B ‎ 考点 : 考查动词的时态 ‎ ‎17. —Can I borrow your tape-recorder?‎ ‎ —No. The last time you borrowed it, you _______ it for a month.‎ A.kept B. had kept C. are keeping D. have kept ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】语境：“—借一下你的录音机好吗？—不。你上次借去一个月才还。”此题较难虽然有for a month一段时间，但是语境指在过去用了一个月，故用一般过去时。本对话取材于《英国口语词典》，语言真实、地道。‎ 考点：此题考查一般过去时的用法。（原创）‎ ‎18. I’m calling about the apartment you the other day. Could you tell me more about it?‎ ‎ A. will advertise B. had advertised C. are advertising D. advertised ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：我打电话给你主要是谈几天前你广告的那所公寓。你能告诉我一些关于它的更多的信息吗？结合语境和时间the other day“几天前”可知前文定语从句中描述的是过去某时的动作，故用一般过去时态，选D。‎ 考点：考查动词时态 ‎19. This nationwide smog should serve as a reminder to all, indicating a high time that we ______ on what we've done to the environment. ‎ A. have reflected B. are reflecting C. will reflect D. reflected ‎ ‎【答案】D 考点：考查虚拟语气及动词时态。‎ ‎20．The English teacher her students how to improve their comprehension skill since last week.‎ ‎ A. has told B. is telling C. has been telling D. will have told ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据时间状语since last week可知，自从上周英语老师一直都在告诉学生如何提高阅读理解的问题，表明动作从上周开始一直延续到现在，故用现在完成进行时。句意：英语老师从上周一直都在告诉他的学生如何提高阅读理解的技能。根据句意选C。‎ 考点：考查动词时态。‎ ‎21. — Can I borrow your tape-recorder?‎ ‎ —No. The last time you borrowed it, you _______ it for a month.‎ A.kept B. had kept C. are keeping D. have kept ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】此题考查一般过去时的用法。语境：“—借一下你的录音机好吗？---不。你上次借去一个月才还。”此题较难虽然有for a month一段时间，但是语境指在过去用了一个月，故用一般过去时。本对话取材于《英国口语词典》，语言真实、地道。‎ 考点：考查动词时态 ‎22．—Your colleague's spoken English is quite good, Amy．‎ ‎— No wonder, as she in the USA for two years． ‎ A．worked B. has been working C．had worked D. has worked ‎【答案】A 考点：考查动词时态。‎ ‎23．—What are you putting your shoes on again for?‎ ‎ —Because I________you home, that’s all!‎ A. drive B. am driving C. have driven D. drove ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】此题考查现在进行时表将来时用法。语境：“—你又穿上鞋干什么？—我要开车送你回家，没别的。”英语时态是高考中的必考点，本题考查现在进行时表将来时。此题符合在语境中考查语法的要求，此对话取材于《英国口语词典》，语言真实、地道。‎ 考点：考查动词时态。‎ ‎24. —How is your mother?‎ ‎—She_________ quite good after the operation, but she is taking a turn for the worse today.‎ A. felt B. feels C. had felt D. has been feeling ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：—你母亲感觉怎样？— 手术后她感觉很好，但是她今天变得更糟了。从but she is taking a turn for the worse today.可知感觉好是过去的事情，用一般过去式，所以选A。‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎25．I __________ glasses since I was in primary school and I hate them. They make me look like a bookworm.‎ A. have worn B. have been wearing C. have been worn D. was wearing ‎【答案】 B ‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎