2021届高考英语人教版一轮总复习课时跟踪练：Book 7 Unit 4 Sharing Word版含解析

2021届高考英语人教版一轮总复习课时跟踪练：Book 7 Unit 4 Sharing Word版含解析

课时跟踪练 34 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Thirty­nine years ago ， a young man named Ma Yun met an Australian family by Hangzhou's West Lake.Five years later ， Ken Morley，the father of the family，invited Ma to Australia，which would be the first time for Ma to travel abroad.After staying in Newcastle for 29 days，Ma came back to China as a changed person. “What impressed me most was that the world is full of wonders，” Ma ， now known as Jack Ma ， one of the founders of Chinese e­commerce giant Alibaba，said in an interview.“What you learned from books and your parents is not necessarily true.You need to experience everything by yourself，and to think with your own mind.” That was perhaps one of the earliest thoughts that Ma had had about education. This is why when the news came that Ma was going to step down as the executive chairman of Alibaba and return to education，it wasn't exactly a surprise.After all ， over the past decade ， Ma has devoted himself to education：He co­founded Hupan University in Hangzhou for entrepreneurship(企业家精神)studies；he established foundations to support teachers and headmasters in rural areas in China；he also set up the Ma & Morley Scholarship at the University of Newcastle to give back to the kindness that an Australian stranger once showed to a random Chinese boy. “ Teaching maths ， English and business is beyond my plan.Teaching young people how to face challenges is what matters，” Ma said.So，while some people may say that Ma's stepping down from Alibaba is like the end of an era ， Ma himself sees his return to education as“the beginning of an era”． 1．What does Ma Yun suggest for young people? A．Purchasing on the Internet. B．Following books and parents. C．Travelling abroad to broaden mind. D．Experiencing the world by themselves. 2．Why did Ma Yun set up a scholarship in Australia? A．To show his gratitude in return. B．To earn more money on education. C．To increase his company's influence. D．To inspire Chinese overseas students. 3．What would Ma Yun teach in his university? A．How to study maths and English. B．How to start a business. C．How to run e­commerce. D．How to face challenges. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．How to Become Great B．Returning to Education C．The Internet Empire D．Learning by Doing 【语篇解读】　马云从自己早期的亲身经历中获得一些对教育事 业的感悟，希望年轻人能够亲身经历并学会面对挑战。尽管一些人将 他卸任阿里巴巴董事局主席看作“一个时代的结束”，但马云认为自己 重返教育事业则是“一个时代的开始”。 1．解析：细节理解题。根据文章前两段介绍的马云年轻时在澳大 利亚纽卡斯尔市待了 29 天，感悟到“世界充满了奇迹”，以及第二段 中的“You need to experience everything by yourself”可知，马云建议 年轻人要自己去体验世界。故选 D 项。 答案：D 2．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，马云在澳 大利亚设立奖学金是为了回馈他曾受到的帮助，以表达感激之情。故 选 A 项。 答案：A 3．解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，数学、英语以 及商业都不是马云想要教的内容，教年轻人如何面对挑战才是重要的 事情。故选 D 项。 答案：D 4．解析：主旨大意题。文章第一、二段由马云的个人经历引出马 云 对 教 育 的 理 解 ， 并 结 合 第 三 段 开 头 的 “ This is why...return to education，it wasn't exactly a surprise.”可知，本文主要介绍了马云重 返教育业之事。故选 B 项。 答案：B B “For thousands of years，people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else.While we teach， we learn ，” said Roman philosopher Seneca.Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up­to­date.They're documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn，and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction. Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material，recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively.Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning only for their own sake.But how can children teach others while learning themselves? One answer：They can tutor younger kids.Some studies have found that first­born children are more intelligent than their later­born siblings( 兄 弟 或 姐 妹 ) ． This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings.Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects.They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students，who in turn instruct middle school students on the topic. But the most cutting­edge tool under development is the “teachable agent”—a computerized character who learns，tries，makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real­world pupil. Computer scientists have created an animated(动画的)figure called Betty's Brain， who has been “taught”about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students.Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials.While preparing to teach ， they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding.And as they explain the information to it，they identify problems in their own thinking. Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors' learning.The agents' questions force student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways，and watching the agents solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action. Above all ， it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning.Student tutors feel upset when their teachable agents fail，but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they derive pride and satisfaction from someone else's accomplishment. 5．What are researchers rediscovering through their studies? A．Seneca's thinking is still applicable today. B．Better learners will become better teachers. C．Human intelligence tends to grow with age. D．Philosophical thinking improves instruction. 6．What do we learn about Betty's Brain? A．It is a character in a popular animation. B．It is a teaching tool under development. C．It is a cutting­edge app in digital games. D．It is a tutor for computer science students. 7．How does teaching others benefit student tutors? A．It makes them aware of what they are strong at. B．It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching. C．It helps them learn their academic subjects better. D．It enables them to better understand their teachers. 8．What is the key factor that eases student tutors' learning? A．Their sense of responsibility. B．Their emotional involvement. C．The learning strategy acquired. D．The teaching experience gained. 【语篇解读】　罗马哲学家塞内加的思想“While we teach，we learn.”在当今社会仍被科学家所认可，并且科学家利用这一理念，通 过先进的技术，帮助学生在学习方面探索更加有效的学习途径。 5．解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up­to­date...for young people to engage in instruction.”可知，现在科学家们正在把这一古老的智慧应用于现在。 他们研究为什么教学是有效的学习方法，并且为年轻人设计创新的方 法，使他们投入到教学当中。由此推知，塞内加的思想在今天仍然适 用。故选 A 项。 答案：A 6．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But the most cutting­ edge tool under development is the‘teachable agent’—a computerized character who learns，tries，makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real­world pupil.Computer scientists have created an animated figure called Betty's Brain...”可知，科学家利用计算机研制了最新的 教学工具，它能够学习、尝试、犯错误并提问，就像真实世界中的学 生一样。而 Betty's Brain 正是这样的一个动画人物。故选 B 项。 答案：B 7．解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“While preparing to teach ， they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding.”可知，在准备教学时，他们会组织自己的知识并改善 自己的理解能力。由此可以推断，在教授别人的同时，学生们可以把 自己的专业知识学得更好。故选 C 项。 答案：C 8．解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Above all，it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning.”可知，教 学中获得的情感体验促进了学习。故选 B 项。 答案：B Ⅱ.七选五 Leaving a good impression can be done in different ways，from clothing to posture，and from talking style to body language.Below are several tips for you to begin with： ·Physical appearance matters.We're visual creatures after all. Physical appearance is the first clue one relies on to judge who we are. 1 It also means the person means something to us by dressing properly.If it is a business setting ， be aware of the dress rule or culture. 2 A thumbs­up here does not mean the same elsewhere.So do the research！Details from any little areas will affect the impression on the whole. · 3 A fake(假的)smile can potentially do more harm than good in our attempts to leave a good impression.It is understandable that sometimes it is hard to suddenly force a smile. 4 Remember being positive plays an important part in shaping our first impression. ·Look into people's eyes until you see the colours of their iris(虹 膜)． Keeping eye contact delivers a sense of friendship to the people we interact with.Consequently，they feel more connected to us and tend to be more positive toward the interaction. 5 Well ， try to identify the colour of the others' irises.Get it? That makes a good eye contact example. Are these the impressions we want to leave? Stop staring at the ground and look at people in the eye then! A．What makes a quality eye contact? B．How does eye contact affect interaction? C．The requirement varies from culture to culture. D．Then at least try not to look discouraging and angry! E．Don't fake a smile，or people will doubt your sincerity. F．Always smile while interacting with others，especially with a new friend. G．Besides，it is a way to show respect by choosing appropriate clothes for different settings. 【语篇解读】　有很多方法可以让你给别人留下一个好印象，如 穿衣打扮、身姿、说话方式、肢体语言等。阅读短文，看看作者提供 的几个建议。 1．解析：结合本段小标题及空后的“It also means the person means something to us by dressing properly.If it is a business setting ， be aware of the dress rule or culture.”可知，设空处的内容应该与穿着有 关，G 项(而且，为不同的环境选择合适的服装，是一种表示尊重的方 法)与上下文衔接得当。故选 G 项。 答案：G 2．解析：根据空后的“A thumbs­up here does not mean the same elsewhere.So do the research！”可知，竖起大拇指在不同的地方表示 不同的意思，因此设空处应该是在讲述文化差异。C 项(不同文化的要 求不同)符合语境。故选 C 项。 答案：C 3．解析：本段主要讲述的是微笑和积极性在留下好印象中的作用， 且根据本段第一句“A fake smile can potentially do more harm than good in our attempts to leave a good impression.”可知，E 项(不要强作 欢笑，否则人们会怀疑你的真诚)符合本段语境。故选 E 项。 答案：E 4．解析：根据空前句“It is understandable that sometimes it is hard to suddenly force a smile.”及空后句“Remember being positive plays an important part in shaping our first impression.”可知，虽然有时很难强 颜欢笑，但还是要保持积极的状态，故 D 项(然后，至少不要看起来让 人泄气且令人生气)符合语境。故选 D 项。 答案：D 5．解析：本段主要讲的是目光交流，与之相关的选项只有 A、B 两项。根据空后的“try to identify the colour of the others' irises”可知， 设空处应该提问如何进行目光交流。A 项(什么促成有效的目光交流？) 符合语境。故选 A 项。 答案：A Ⅲ.语法填空 Blue whales are not fish！They are marine mammals.This means they are warm­blooded and the females produce milk 1. (feed) their babies. 2． (have) the honour of being the world's largest animal，adult blue whales can grow to 30 metres long，with the female usually a little longer than the male，3. (weigh) about 170 tons.These sea creatures have some huge body 4. (part)．Their hearts，for example，are about 1.5 metres long ， 1.2 metres wide and 1.5 metres tall.Their tongues weigh about 2.7 tons—the weight of a small elephant.Not 5. (surprising)，blue whales have large appetites.6. is usual for a blue whale to eat fish in large quantities—around 40 million in a day. In the past，blue whales were hunted 7. their meat and their oil.Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early 8. (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia 9. (limit)in 1987.Today，most countries strongly disapprove of whaling，including the very country—Australia 10. now supports an anti­whaling policy. 【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了鲸鱼的一些习性特征，并提及大 多数国家开始重视对鲸鱼的保护。 1．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，从句谓语动词为 are 和 produce，feed 与其之间无连词连接，因此本空应为不定式作目 的状语。句意为：这意味着它们是温血动物，并且雌性鲸鱼会产奶来 喂养它们的孩子。故填 to feed。 答案：to feed 2．解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处与 can grow 之间无连词连接， 且 have 与 adult blue whales 之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分 词作状语。句意为：拥有世界上最大的动物这一美誉，成年蓝鲸能长 到 30 米长……故填 Having。 答案：Having 3．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语， 修饰前面的 the female，且 the female 与 weigh 之间为逻辑上的主动关 系，故应用现在分词。句意为：……雌性鲸鱼通常比雄性鲸鱼体形稍 长一些，体重大约 170 吨。故填 weighing。 答案：weighing 4．解析：考查名词的数。句意为：这些海洋生物有一些巨大的身 体部位。此处 part 为可数名词，其前有 some 修饰，应为复数形式。 故填 parts。 答案：parts 5．解析：考查词性转换。句意为：蓝鲸有很大的胃口，这不足为 奇。Not surprisingly 在句中作状语，应用副词形式。故填 surprisingly。 答案：surprisingly 6．解析：考查代词。句意为：蓝鲸每天吃大量的鱼，大约每天吃 4 000 万条，这是很平常的。It 在句中作形式主语。故填 It。 答案：It 7．解析：考查介词。句意为：过去，人们为了蓝鲸身上的肉和油 而捕杀它们。设空处在句中表目的，故填 for。 答案：for 8．解析：考查数词。句意为：在 19 世纪和 20 世纪早期，捕鲸是 澳大利亚的主要产业……表示“在……世纪”时，通常用序数词。故 填 twentieth。 答案：twentieth 9．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：……但是在 1987 年， 澳大利亚的捕鲸业被限制了。设空处的动作发生在过去，且 whaling 与 limit 之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was limited。 答案：was limited 10．解析：考查定语从句。句意为：如今，大多数国家强烈反对 捕鲸，就连澳大利亚，现在也支持反捕鲸政策。此空引导定语从句， 并在从句中作主语，因先行词 country 被 the very 修饰，所以只能用 that 引导。故填 that。 答案：that