2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修8-Module+4+Which+English

2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修8-Module+4+Which+English

‎[话题素材]‎ 好词 ‎1．official adj. 官方的；正式的 ‎2．vocabulary n. 词汇量 ‎3．enrich vt. 使富裕 ‎4．accent n. 口音 ‎5．pronounce vt. 发音→pronunciation n. 发音 ‎6．official languages 官方语言 ‎7．native languages＝mother tongue 母语 ‎8．useful expressions 有用的词语表达 ‎9．standard English 标准英语 ‎10．English－speaking countries 讲英语的国家 ‎11．British English 英国英语 ‎12．American English 美国英语 ‎13.各种各样的 ‎14．have no difficulty (in) understanding each other彼此理解没有困难 ‎15．spoken English 口语→written English 书面语 佳句 ‎1．There is_more_than_one kind of English in the world.‎ 在世界上不只有一种英语。‎ ‎2．Believe it or not, there is no_such thing as standard English.‎ 信不信由你，没有像标准英语这样的事。‎ ‎3．The USA is a large country in_which many different dialects are spoken.‎ 美国是一个很大的国家，在这个国家有好多种不同的方言。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ The Road To Modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.‎ English has changed over time. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. So there is more than one kind of English. In some important ways they are very different from one another. They are called world Englishes. ‎ Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.‎ English now is spoken as a foreign or second language in the world. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers. The number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1._debate (n.) 讨论；辩论 ‎2．unique (adj.) 独一无二的；独特的 ‎3．count (v.) 很重要；很有价值 ‎4．matter (v.) 重要，要紧；有关系 ‎5．instantly (adv.) 立即，马上→instant (adj.) 立即的 ‎6．furthermore (adv.) 此外，而且 ‎7．association(n.) 联系→associate (v.) 使发生联系 ‎8．convey (v.) 传达，传递 ‎9．overcome (v.) 征服；战胜→overcame (过去式)→overcome (过去分词)‎ ‎10．recognisable (adj.) 能认出的→recognise (v.) 辨认→recognition (n.) 认出 ‎11．convinced (adj.) 确信的，信服的→convince(v.) 使确信，使信服→convincing (adj.) 令人信服的 ‎12．complain (v.) 抱怨；不满→complaint (n.) 抱怨；牢骚 ‎13．resist (v.) 反抗；抵抗→resistance (n.) 反抗；抵抗→resistant (adj.) 抵抗的；有抵抗力的 ‎14．curiosity (n.) 好奇心→curious (adj.) 好奇的→curiously (adv.) 好奇地 ‎15．approval (n.) 赞许，赞成→approve (v.) 赞同，赞许；批准，认可 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．let_sb._down　　　　　　使某人失望 ‎2．tell...apart区分开 ‎3．as_long_as只要 ‎4．in_conclusion总之 ‎5．lie_in在于 ‎6．a_huge_number_of大量的 ‎7．be_meant_for为(某人/目的)而准备的 ‎8．make_sense有意义；讲得通 ‎9．get_down_to_sth.开始做某事 ‎10．or_rather更确切地说 ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．whether...or...“不论……还是……”用于连接并列成分。‎ In this sense everybody's use of language－whether English, Chinese, or any other－is ‎ different.(教材P44)‎ 从这种意义上来说，每个人对语言的使用——不管是英语、汉语还是任何其他语言——都是不同的。‎ ‎2．...as long as..., “只要”，引导条件状语从句。‎ Perhaps correctness doesn't matter－ as_long_as speakers can understand each other－ it's communication that counts.(教材P44)‎ 也许正确与否不要紧——只要说话的人互相明白就行——重要的是交流本身。‎ ‎3．“a＋序数词”，不强调顺序表示“又一……，再一……”‎ But in other countries where English is spoken as a_first language this is not the case.(教材P45)‎ 但在其他把英语作为又一种语言被说的国家中，不是这种情况。‎ ‎4．ever since...，句子(使用现在完成时)‎ Ever_since the invention of the first telegraph at the end of the 19th century, English has been spreading around the world.(教材P50)‎ 从十九世纪末第一部电报机发明以来，英语在全世界范围内得到广泛传播。‎ ‎5．主语＋be＋adj.(difficult, easy, heavy, light...)＋to do...‎ English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be_difficult_to_understand.(教材P53)‎ 英语中有大量的绚烂而华丽但可能很难懂的表达。‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．The quality of someone's voice and their choice of words make a person ________ (instant) recognisable, even though you can't see him or her.‎ 答案：instantly ‎2．You could say that there are as many ________ (variety) of English, or any other language for that matter, as there are speakers of it.‎ 答案：varieties ‎3．English is spoken as ________ official language in more than 60 countries ________ the world.‎ 答案：an; across ‎4．You can usually tell ________ part of the English－speaking world someone comes from ________ their accent.‎ 答案：which; by ‎5．It's communication ________ counts.‎ 答案：that ‎6．But in other countries where English is spoken as ________ first language this is not the case.‎ 答案：a ‎7．Ever since the invention of the first telegraph at the end of the 19th century, English ________ (spread) around the world.‎ 答案：has been spreading ‎8．It is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first ________ a second language by 2050.‎ 答案：or ‎9．Experts ________ (convince) that this will happen in the future as more and more people learn English and call it their own.‎ 答案：are convinced ‎10．English has a huge number of colourful and splendidexpressions ________ may be difficult to understand.‎ 答案：which ‎1　　matter　vi.重要，要紧；有关系　n. 事情；问题；麻烦事，毛病；物质(不可数)‎ Perhaps correctness doesn't matter－as long as speakers can understand each other.(P44)‎ 也许正确与否不要紧——只要说话的人互相明白就行了。‎ ‎①[牛津双解]What's_the_matter_with you today?‎ 你今天是怎么了？‎ ‎②[外研⑤]I knew him when we were in college－as_a_matter_of_fact we were on the same course.‎ 我们在大学时我就认识他——事实上我们一起上过课。‎ ‎③[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]No_matter_how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly (一贯地) dry, hard, and tasteless.‎ 不管他们在商店里看起来多么吸引人，一旦我把它们买回家，它们总是又干又硬还无滋味。‎ ‎④[2014·江苏高考]Sweet Maya, it_doesn't_matter what you “become” later on.‎ 亲爱的玛雅，你将来会成为什么样的人并不重要。‎ ‎⑤[2013·福建高考]Oldfashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters. ‎ 当发生灾难无线网络无法用时，老式的电话就有作用了。‎ ‎2　　convinced　adj.确信的，信服的 Experts are convinced that this will happen in the future as more and more people learn English and call it their own.(P51)‎ 专家们确信，随着将来越来越多的人学习英语并把它称为自己的语言，这一现象将会发生。‎ ‎(1)be convinced of sth. 相信/确信某事 be convinced that... 相信，确信 ‎(2)convince vt. 使确信，使信服 convince convince sb. to_do sth. 说服某人干某事 ‎(3)convincing adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 ‎①[牛津双解]You'll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.‎ 你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]I was_convinced that we were doing the right thing.‎ 我确信我们做的事情是正确的。‎ ‎③[2015·湖南高考改编]The city planners were_convinced_by Ellis Chesbrough to build the pipes above ground.‎ 这个城市的计划者被Ellis Chesbrough 说服在地面上建管道。‎ ‎④[2014·江西高考]I don't believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to convince me.‎ 我不相信你说的，但是如果你能证明，你也许能够说服我。‎ ‎⑤[2013·江西高考]The advertisement is not convincing.‎ 这个广告不令人信服。‎ ‎3　　curiosity　n. 好奇心 ‎...；the fact that Chinese culture has continued uninterrupted for more than 5,000 years is a source of curiosity and fascination for people in other parts of the world.(P55)‎ ‎……中国文化已经持续不断的发展5000多年的事实是对世界其他地方的人的好奇心和吸引力的源泉。‎ ‎(1)show curiosity about sth. 对……显露出好奇心 satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 out_of curiosity 出于好奇 with curiosity 好奇地 ‎(2)be curious about sth./sb. 对……好奇 be curious to_do sth. 想做某事 ‎(3)curiously adv. 好奇地 ‎①[牛津双解]They were_very_curious_about the people who lived upstairs.‎ 他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。‎ ‎②“Are you really an artist？” Sara asked curiously.‎ ‎“你真是画家吗？”萨拉好奇地问道。‎ ‎③[外研⑤]I opened the packet just to satisfy_my_curiosity. ‎ 我打开包裹只是为了满足我的好奇心。‎ ‎④[2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ改编]Your children need to be deeply curious_about everything.‎ 你们的孩子必须对一切好奇。‎ ‎⑤[2013·天津高考]With_curiosity,_we keep asking questions and exploring the world unknown.‎ 拥有好奇心，我们不断地提出问题，不断地探索世界上未知的东西。‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．[2015·湖北高考]David Brooks appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed ________ (resistance) the temptation.‎ 答案：to resist ‎2．It's not how much you read but what you read that ________ (count)．‎ 答案：counts ‎3．[2015·北京高考]One of their neighbors had written ________ (complaint) about the sound of the piano.‎ 答案：to complain ‎4．[2015·浙江高考]The view from the back of the classroom was also ________ (splendidly)．‎ 答案：splendid ‎5．[2015·湖北高考]I don't think what he said is ________ (relevantly) to the topic we are discussing.‎ 答案：relevant ‎6．As ________ matter of fact, I came across the problem in a reference book the other day.‎ 答案：a ‎7．[2015·陕西高考]Mr Holden returned home from his holiday upset and ________ (convince) his pet was dead.‎ 答案：convinced ‎8．[2014·浙江高考]They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our ________ (curious) about science discoveries.‎ 答案：curiosity ‎9．The Koala (树袋熊) is unique ________ Australia.‎ 答案：to ‎10.[2015·福建高考]We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how ________ (significance), it was never taken lightly.‎ 答案：insignificant ‎1　　get down to sth. 开始做某事 Thus, to talk turkey means to get down to business.(P53)‎ 因此，to talk turkey意味着开始认真工作。‎ ‎(1)set out to_do＝set about doing 开始着手做 ‎(2)get away 逃，离开 get along/on well with 与某人相处融洽 get close (to)接近 get down 从……下来 get in 收获，插话 get in touch with 与……取得联系 get through 通过，完成，接通电话 get together 聚会 get up 起床 get over 克服 ‎①[牛津双解]She can't get_over her shyness.‎ 她无法克服羞怯心理。‎ ‎②The class got_up when the teacher came in. ‎ 老师进来时，全班起立。‎ ‎③[外研⑤]The village was involved with getting the harvest in.‎ 全村的人都在收割庄稼。‎ ‎④The meeting dragged on, and I didn't get_away until seven.‎ 会议开个没完，我直到七点钟才脱身。‎ ‎⑤[2015·山东高考]Here they are learning to get_in_touch_with their true feelings.‎ 在这他们正学着和他们的真实情感取得联系。‎ ‎⑥[2014·江西高考]In addition, we should learn how to get_along/on_well with others.‎ 另外，我们应该学会如何与其他人相处融洽。‎ ‎⑦[2010·湖北高考]A smile can help us get_through difficult situation and find friends in a world of strangers.‎ 微笑能帮助我通过困难的处境在陌生的世界里找到朋友。‎ ‎2　　let sb. down 使某人失望 With friends like these, who needs enemies? means a friend has betrayed your trust and let you down.(P53)‎ ‎“有这样的朋友，还要敌人干嘛？”意思是一个朋友背叛了你的信任，让你很失望。‎ ‎①[牛津双解]Don't let the rope go.‎ 别松开绳子。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]Let those cakes alone. They are for guests.‎ 别动那些蛋糕。那是给客人吃的。‎ ‎③[2015·安徽高考]There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some thought and then let me know.‎ 现在没必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。‎ ‎④[2014·四川高考]Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素) is_let_out in our body in various social situations.‎ 一般来说，人们认为荷尔蒙在各种社会形势下在我们的身体里被释放出。‎ ‎⑤[2013·湖南高考]Mom! I'm still your son. Let me in!‎ 妈妈！我还是你儿子，让我进去！‎ 过关演练 选词填空 let sb. down； get down to； as long as； lie in； in conclusion； a huge number of； tell...apart； let alone ‎1．[2014·江西高考]Anyway, we're here now, so let's ________ some serious work.‎ 答案：get down to ‎2．[2015·安徽高考改编]There are ________ ants worldwide.‎ 答案：a huge number of ‎3．[2015·湖北高考]There is no doubt that this candidate's advantage ________ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.‎ 答案：lies in ‎4．[2015·北京高考]You won't find paper cutting difficult ________ you keep practicing it.‎ 答案：as long as ‎5．It is also quite easy to ________ British and American English ________.‎ 答案：tell; apart ‎6．I'm afraid I ________ you ________ badly.‎ 答案：let; down ‎7．________， I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.‎ 答案：In conclusion ‎8．There isn't enough room for us, ________ six dogs and a cat.‎ 答案：let alone ‎1　　You could say that there are as_many_varieties_of English, or any other language for that matter, as there are speakers of it.(P44)‎ 可以这样说，对英语或者任何别的语言而言，有多少使用者，该语言就有多少种变体。‎ 本句中含有“as many/much＋n.＋as”结构，该结构表示“与……一样多”。‎ ‎(1)as...as和……一样，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，引导一个比较状语从句，在否定句中，前一个as也可以用so代替。‎ ‎(2)as many/much as＋数词＋名词 多达……；和……一样多 ‎(3)英语中“倍数”表示法：‎ A＋be＋数词＋times＋as＋adj.原级＋as B A＋be＋数词＋times＋the＋size/weight/length/height/width...＋of B A＋be＋数词＋times＋adj.比较级＋than B ‎①[牛津双解]He doesn't earn as_much_as me.‎ 他挣得钱不如我多。‎ ‎②[外研⑤]I can't run as_fast_as_I used to.‎ 我不如以前跑得快了。‎ ‎③[2015·福建高考]The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.‎ 这次失败对他来说是一次很大的打击，但他并没有泄气，很快就变得和以往一样有热情了。‎ ‎④[2014·重庆高考]The lizard (蜥蜴) will take as_many_as 20 steps per second to keep moving forward.‎ 蜥蜴每秒钟向前移动多达20步。‎ ‎⑤[2013·安徽高考]It'ssaid that the power plant is now twice_as_large_as what it was.‎ 据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。‎ 过关演练 完成句子 ‎1．[2015·湖南高考]This raised the level of the city's streets by ________ (多达) 12 feet.‎ 答案：as much as ‎2．[2015·陕西高考]Dad didn't come home ________ (象……一样早) he used to.‎ 答案：as early as ‎3．Asia is ________ Europe.‎ 亚洲是欧洲的4倍大。‎ 答案：four times as large as Grammar (1)　Review of adverbials——状语 作用和分类 状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分；一般表示时间、地点、方式、程度、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、伴随情况等意义。‎ 状语的位置 英语中的状语在句中的位置比较灵活：修饰形容词的状语，常放在所修饰的词之前；修饰动词的状语，一般放在所修饰的动词之后。但有些副词：always, often, usually, never, ever等作状语时，则放在实义动词之前，助动词、be动词或情态动词之后。‎ 状语的构成 作状语的可以是副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动词ing形式(短语)、动词ed形式(短语)、从句、独立主格结构。‎ 但有些形容词或形容词短语也可作状语，说明动作发生时主语所处的状态。‎ ‎1．They returned, and .‎ ‎2．[2015·安徽高考]They gave money to the old people's home either or .‎ ‎3．[2014·天津高考]， she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, .‎ ‎4．[2014·湖南高考]There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, .‎ ‎5.， we'll go out for a picnic tomorrow.‎ Grammar (2)　Review of adverbial clauses——状语从句 状语从句分类 时间状语从句(when, while, as...)；地点状语从句(where, wherever); 原因状语从句[because, as, since/now that (只能放句首)]；目的状语从句(so that, in order that)；结果状语从句(so...that, so that, such...that)；条件状语从句(if, unless, once, so/as long as, in case, on condition that); 方式状语从句(as, as if, as though)；让步状语从句[though, although, even if/ though(即使)，while(虽然，只能放在句首)，whether...or, 疑问词＋ever, no matter＋疑问词]；让步状语从句的倒装句(as/though)；比较状语从句(than)。‎ 状语从句的省略 当主句的主语与状语从句中的主语一致时，从句中含有be动词，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词省略，只用连词＋分词形式(doing, done)/adj./介词短语。‎ ‎6．[2014·浙江杭州一模]One is to make every effort he can achieve something.‎ ‎7．[2014·湖南高考] you buy a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.‎ ‎8．[2013·山东高考]Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing.‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)‎ ‎1．[2015·江苏高考]It is so cold that you can't go outside ________ fully covered in thick clothes.‎ 答案：unless ‎2．[2015·天津六校第二次联考]As a language grows, new words are introduced ________ many words fall out of use.‎ 答案：while ‎3．[2015·浙江高考]Just ________ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.‎ 答案：as ‎4．[2015·安徽高考]________he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on doing.‎ 答案：Where ‎5．[2015·福建高考]________ the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.‎ 答案：Although/Though/While