2021届高考英语人教版一轮总复习课时跟踪练：Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes Word版含解析

2021届高考英语人教版一轮总复习课时跟踪练：Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com 课时跟踪练4‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Recently whenever I turned on my computer or my mobile phone, news about the great effect of Hurricane Harvey on thousands of people caught my eye.I saw many unfortunate events.However, there were also the bright news that confirmed the goodness of mankind.As a journalist, I wrote many humaninterest stories during my career.That's why the story about the guys in the bakery caught my eye.‎ When the staff at a Mexican bakery chain in Houston were trapped inside the building for two days, they didn't sit there feeling sorry for themselves.They used their time wisely after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey.While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community.‎ The flood water rose in the street outside.They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread.They used more than 4，200 pounds of flour to create hundreds of loaves and sheets of sweet bread.Although the water kept rising, they continued baking to help more people.By the time the owner managed to get to them, they had made so much bread that they took the loaves to loads of emergency centres across the city for people affected by the floods.‎ The store manager, Brian Alvarado, told The Independent，“Whenever a disaster occurs, nobody should just feel forlorn．Instead, we should take positive action to save ourselves and ‎ help others.Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”‎ ‎1．What did the bakery store workers do after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey?‎ A．They volunteered to make bread for their community.‎ B．They managed to live by selling more bread in the store.‎ C．They felt sorry that they couldn't escape from the store.‎ D．They ate nothing but to wait for their community to rescue them.‎ ‎2．Which of the following best explains “forlorn” underlined in the last paragraph?‎ A．Fortunate.　　　　 B．Hopeful.‎ C．Shallow. D．Desperate.‎ ‎3．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．Alvarado organized his workers to bake much bread.‎ B．Hurricane Harvey caused a power failure in Houston.‎ C．The staff in the bakery sent enough flour to emergency centres.‎ D．The author preferred to write stories about people facing disasters.‎ ‎4．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A．A Popular Mexican Bakery Chain in Houston B．Wait for the Eventual Rescue in a Big Disaster C．All Kinds of Disasters Caused by Hurricane Harvey in Houston D．Bake Bread to Make a Difference in the Face of Hurricane Harvey ‎【语篇解读】　‎ 本文主要讲述了一家连锁面包店的员工们在面对飓风“哈维”带来的洪水、断电时，在等待救援的同时采取积极的行动，利用应急电源烤面包去帮助社区受洪水影响的居民。‎ ‎1．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段的最后一句“While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning，four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community.”可知，当这家面包房的员工们在等待周一上午的最终救援时，四人决定为他们的社区制作尽可能多的面包。故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎2．解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Instead，we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others.”可知，相反，我们应该采取积极的行动来拯救自己和帮助他人。由Instead可知，forlorn的语义与positive的意思相反，故forlorn与desperate(绝望的)意思相近。故选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎3．解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread.”可知，他们利用应急电源烤面包。由此可推知，飓风“哈维”造成休斯敦停电。故选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎4．解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二、三段的内容和最后一段中的“Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”可知，D项(在面对飓风“哈维”时，烤面包起了很大作用)作为标题最能概括全文内容。故选D项。‎ 答案：D B The human tendency to gravitate toward people that are similar to them starts early.Among schoolage children, the behaviour called ‎ homophily, or “love of the same” often has to do with how others dress or act.Adults tend to form groups based on professions or personalities.However, forming cliques (小集团) and shutting out those that are “different” is not just a human characteristic.South Africa's Cape baboons (大狒狒) show a similar tendency too!‎ A team of researchers followed the same two troops of baboons for several months.What they noticed was that like humans, baboons rarely left their original groups.To prove if their observations were correct, the researchers conducted an experiment.‎ They began by placing some foods that the baboons had never seen before on the edge of paths the animals frequently crossed.The researchers recorded the time it took a baboon to get close enough to examine the new foods and the time for ones that had the courage to taste them.Sure enough, the most curious and daring baboons all belonged to the same group.What did surprise the scientists was that the baboons with similar personalities hung out together, regardless of whether they were male or female.‎ The researchers say this behaviour is not a good sign for the animals, because the daring and curious baboons are also good problem solvers.The scientists worry that if the baboons share new problemsolving skills with only their group, it leaves the rest of the species vulnerable (易受伤害的) to any environmental changes or enemies.‎ Unfortunately, baboons are not the only animals that form cliques.In another study, the scientists divided 80 fish into two groups.After about three weeks, the fish were rearranged into smaller groups of ten.The researchers observed that many of the fish that had spent time together in the original two groups seemed to seek each ‎ other out.What was even more interesting was that once they regrouped, they were able to find the hidden food much faster.This led the researchers to think that like humans, the fish tended to share their secrets with their best “friends”．‎ ‎5．What can be used to replace the underlined word “gravitate” in Paragraph 1?‎ A．Lose respect.‎ B．Feel attracted.‎ C．Move smoothly.‎ D．Behave naturally.‎ ‎6．What might the researchers worry about?‎ A．Baboons tend to be attacked.‎ B．Baboons may be reduced in numbers.‎ C．Baboons are suffering from a lack of foods.‎ D．Baboons have difficulty in solving problems.‎ ‎7．Why is the experiment on fish mentioned?‎ A．To show they are different from baboons.‎ B．To introduce humanlike behaviour in fish.‎ C．To prove other animals form groups as well.‎ D．To explain how they get on with each other.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　研究发现，南非的狒狒有和人类相似的特点：个性相同的狒狒会形成一个小团体，也很少离开原来的团体。它们把学到的新技能分享给自己的团体，而研究发现鱼类也有类似的特征。‎ ‎5．解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的画线词所在句以及下文中的“Among schoolage children，the behaviour called homophily, or ‘love of the same’ often has to do with how others dress or act.”‎ 可知，人类很早就倾向于被那些与自己相似的人所吸引。学龄儿童的这种行为被称为“同质性”或者“同样的爱好”，通常与他人的穿着或行为有关。由此可以推知，画线词表示“被……所吸引”，故选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎6．解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The scientists worry that if the baboons share new problemsolving skills with only their group，it leaves the rest of the species vulnerable to any environmental changes or enemies”可知，科学家们担心如果狒狒只与它自己的团体分享解决问题的新技能，剩下的种群则易受环境变化和敌人的影响，由此可推知，科学家们担心这种影响最终可能会导致狒狒种群数量的减少，故选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎7．解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately, baboons are not the only animals that form cliques.In another study, the scientists divided 80 fish into two groups.”可知，其他动物也有组成小团体的倾向，列举研究鱼类的实验就是为了证明这个论点。故C项正确。‎ 答案：C Ⅱ.七选五 How to keep yourself safe from novel coronavirus?‎ After a newtype coronavirus was detected in viral pneumonia cases in Central China's Wuhan city, more cases have been reported around the world. 1 ： ‎ ⅰ.Wear masks outdoors ‎·Wearing a mask is one of the most effective ways to protect you from getting infected.‎ ‎·Make sure to wear it properly by tightening up the nose clip and pulling the bottom of it over your chin.‎ ‎· 2 ，a mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs to others.‎ ⅱ.Cover your coughs and sneeze with tissue Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, or you can cough or sneeze into your sleeve, but avoid covering with your hands directly.‎ ⅲ. 3 ‎ Wash your hands with soap and running water thoroughly for at least 15 seconds.‎ ‎·Before eating and after using the toilet.‎ ‎·After returning home.‎ ‎·After touching trash or garbage.‎ ‎·After contacting with animals or handling animal wastes.‎ ⅳ.Strengthen your immune system and exercise regularly ‎·Exercise regularly is one of the most important ways to help you stay away from catching any infections.‎ ‎·Make sure that shared spaces have good air flow and avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals, railway stations and airports. 4 ．‎ ‎·Seek prompt medical attention if you have symptoms of fever and respiratory infection.‎ ‎·Avoid close contact with people who have flu or coldlike symptoms.‎ ‎· 5 ．Avoid contact with wild animals or farmed livestock without any protection.‎ A．If your hands are not visibly dirty B．Eat thoroughly cooked meat and eggs C．Wash your hands frequently and properly D．Protect yourself and others from getting sick E．Wear a mask if transport or movement is necessary F．If you're not feeling well or have symptoms of fever G．To prevent catching the infection, here's what you can do ‎ ‎【语篇解读】　新型冠状病毒给全世界造成了极大的伤害。本文是说明文，告知读者如何保护自己不受到病毒的侵犯。‎ ‎1．解析：此句属于承上启下句。文章开头交代背景，后文提供防范措施，选G。‎ 答案：G ‎2．解析：选项中的“not feeling well，have symptoms of fever”与空后的“prevent you from spreading germs to others”相呼应。‎ 答案：F ‎3．解析：本题属于段首句，也是段落的主旨句，与后面的“wash your hands”呼应。‎ 答案：C ‎4．解析：题干中的“transport”与空前的“railway stations and airport”相呼应。‎ 答案：E ‎5．解析：空后提到的是野生动物与家畜，这与“thoroughly cooked meat and eggs”向对应。‎ 答案：B Ⅲ.语法填空 Hunter Adams spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental health problems, but he was unhappy.When he left the hospital，he went to a medical school in Virginia, USA, where he did ‎ things in a 1. (difference) way.For example，when he visited his patients，he wore shirts with 2. (flower) on them in an effort to make them laugh.He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital，3. (put) a special red nose on his face to look 4. a clown(小丑)．‎ ‎ Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine, trying 5. (help) them not only as patients, but also as people.When he graduated from medical school, he opened his own hospital called the “Gesundheit ! Institute”．He wanted 6. to be a place with a special way of 7. (communicate) with sick people.‎ In 1998, Universal Pictures 8. (produce) a film about Hunter Adams.It was very successful.In the film, Robin Williams played Adams.Williams said，“Hunter is a 9. (true) warm person, believing that patients need a doctor 10. is a friend.I enjoy playing him.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了亨特·亚当斯的故事，他不仅关心病人的身体状况，更关注与病人的交流方式，给予病人温暖的关怀。‎ ‎1．解析：考查词性转换。句意为：当他离开那家医院，他去了美国弗吉尼亚州的一所医学院，在那里他以一种不同的方式做了许多事情。设空处修饰后面的名词way，所以要用形容词作定语。故填different。‎ 答案：different ‎2．解析：考查名词的数。句意为：……他穿着衣服上印有花朵的衬衫，努力让他们(病人们)开心大笑。flower为可数名词，前面无不定冠词，此处表示泛指，应用复数名词。故填flowers。‎ 答案：flowers ‎3．解析：‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意为：他花很多时间在医院与孩子们在一起，把一个特殊的红鼻子放在脸上，让自己看起来像一个小丑。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为spent，设空处与谓语之间无连词连接，应用非谓语动词形式，put与其逻辑主语He之间为主动关系、应用现在分词形式作伴随状语，故填putting。‎ 答案：putting ‎4．解析：考查介词。句意见上一题解析。look like...为固定搭配，表示“看起来像……”。故填like。‎ 答案：like ‎5．解析：考查非谓语动词。try to do sth表示“尽力做某事”。故填to help。‎ 答案：to help ‎6．解析：考查代词。句意为：他想要让这个医院成为一个能用一种特殊的方式与病人进行交流的地方。设空处指代前一句提到的“Gesundheit！Institute”，作wanted的宾语。故填it。‎ 答案：it ‎7．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。设空处位于介词of之后，所以动词要用ing形式。故填communicating。‎ 答案：communicating ‎8．解析：考查动词的时态。句意为：在1998年，环球影业拍摄了一部关于亨特·亚当斯的电影。分析句子结构可知，设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语In 1998可知，此处表示发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填produced。‎ 答案：produced ‎9．解析：考查词性转换。句意为：亨特是一位真正温暖的人，(他)认为病人需要一位像朋友一样的医生。我喜欢扮演他。设空处修饰形容词warm，应用副词。故填truly。‎ 答案：truly ‎10．解析：考查定语从句。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句。先行词为doctor，指人，关系词在从句中作主语。故填who/that。‎ 答案：who/that