2019届一轮复习译林版选修八Unit1Writtenworld单元学案设计（25页）

2019届一轮复习译林版选修八Unit1Writtenworld单元学案设计（25页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版选修八Unit1 Written world单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．poetry n．诗歌 ‎2．poet n．诗人 ‎3．rhyme n．韵脚；押韵 ‎4．transform v．转化；改造 ‎5．appropriate adj.适当的；正当的 ‎6．be popular with受……欢迎 ‎7．take one’s advice接受某人的建议 ‎8．be made up of由……构成 ‎9．give sb.a deep impression给某人一个深刻的印象 ‎10．translate...into...把……翻译成……‎ 话题佳作 Wendy是你的美国笔友，非常喜欢中国文化，故给你(张伟)写信想了解唐诗。请你根据下列要点提示给她写一封回信，对唐诗加以介绍：‎ ‎1．形式多样：有古体诗和近体诗。就字数来看基本上有五言和七言两种。‎ ‎2．题材广泛：反映社会状况，描绘风景等。‎ ‎3．著名诗人：……‎ 佳作欣赏 Dear Wendy，‎ I’m so glad to receive your letter.And it is really a coincidence that you asked me about the Tang poems，and I just have learnt something about them.‎ The Tang poems are various in forms and subjects.Generally speaking，they can be divided into two groups—classical poems and modern poems.Not only the length of a line but also the length of a poem is limited to a certain number of words.There are often four or eight or twelve lines with five or seven words in each line.Poets wrote poems for different purposes，for example，exposing the darkness of the society and describing the beautiful scenes.‎ There were many famous poets during the Tang Dynasty，such as Li Bai，Du Fu and Bai Juyi.If you want to read more，the book 300 Tang Poems is a good choice，which includes poems of many wellknown poets.After reading them，you will have a better understanding of the Tang poems.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Zhang Wei 名师点睛 本文符合题目要求，条理清楚，增加的细节恰到好处，句子结构把握准确，较好地运用了各种句式，如主语从句、状语从句、定语从句等，generally speaking，not only...but also...，be limited to，such as等关联词组和高级词汇的运用使文章表达更加流畅。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．abuse vt.&n.虐待；辱骂；滥用 ‎2．desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望 desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地 ‎3．tension n．紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立 tense adj.令人紧张的，神经紧张的；绷紧的，不松弛的 ‎4．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的 generously adv.慷慨地，大方地 generosity n．慷慨，大方；宽宏大量 ‎5．vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的 ‎6．theme n．主题，主题思想；主题音乐 ‎7．violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的 violence n．暴力，暴行 ‎8．threat n．威胁，恐吓 threaten vt.威胁，恐吓 ‎9．violence n．暴力，暴行 ‎10．resist vi.&vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡 resistant adj.抵制的，抵抗的；有抵抗力的 resistance n．反对，抵制，抵抗 ‎11．rescue n．&vt.救援，营救 ‎12．reputation n．名声，名誉 ‎13．debt n．债务，欠款 ‎14．intend vt.&vi.打算，计划，想要 intention n．意图，目的；打算 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎15．fiction n．小说；虚构的事 ‎ ‎16．characteristic n．特征，特点；adj.典型的，独特的，特有的 character n．(书写或印刷)文字，符号；人物；性格，特点 ‎17．novelist n．小说家 novel n．小说 ‎18．chapter n．(书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代 ‎19．criminal n．罪犯；adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的 crime n．罪，罪行 ‎20．twist n．转折，转变；转动；急转弯；vi.&vt.(使)弯曲；转动；蜿蜒 ‎21．plot n．故事情节；阴谋，密谋；vt.密谋；绘制(图表)‎ ‎22．rigid adj.死板的，僵化的，固执的；坚硬的，僵直的 ‎23．civil adj.有教养的，有礼貌的；国民的，平民的；民事的(非刑事的)‎ ‎24．millionaire n．百万富翁 ‎25．vice n．恶行，恶习，罪恶 ‎26．reform vt.&vi.&n.(使)改过自新，改造；改革，改良 ‎27．reunite vt.&vi.(使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再结合，再联合 unite vi.& vt.联合，团结；统一 ‎28．spit vt.&vi.吐唾沫(表示愤怒或鄙视)；吐，唾(唾沫、食物等)‎ ‎29．rag n．破布，破衣服；抹布 ‎30．holy adj.神圣的，圣洁的 ‎31．monument n．纪念碑；纪念馆；纪念塑像；古迹 ‎32．adore vt.热爱，喜爱，爱慕 ‎33．spring vi.突然出现；跳，蹦；n.春天，春季 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were too violent(violence) for use at the table.(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎2．A birdwatcher，armed with a telescope，found the pet sitting desperately(desperate) on a rock.(2015·陕西)‎ ‎3．She had a firm intention(intend) within herself to be the best she could be.(2016·天津)‎ ‎4．There has been a lot of resistance(resist) to this new law.‎ ‎5．These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime(criminal)．‎ ‎6．They teach their children rigidly(rigid)．‎ ‎7．His father threatened(threat) to beat the boy if he stole again.‎ ‎8．A rescuer(rescue) is feeding water to a victim child，who is rescued from destroyed buildings.‎ ‎9．Thank you for contributing generously(generous) to these funds.‎ ‎10．I dreamed of becoming a novelist(novel)．‎ ‎1．have nothing to do with与……无关 ‎2．come out出版，发行；结果为 ‎3．at a time一次 ‎4．be set in以……为背景 ‎5．be bent on(doing) sth.决心做某事(通常指坏事)‎ ‎6．on the run躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波 ‎7．live up to达到，符合(期望)‎ ‎8．worn out破烂不堪的，废旧的；筋疲力尽的 ‎9．come to one’s rescue救援某人，帮助某人 ‎10．touch on谈及，涉及 ‎11．be intended to be/do sth.目的是作为某物/目的是做某事 ‎12．divide...into...把……分成……‎ ‎13．compare...to...把……比作……‎ ‎14．in tune音调准确；演奏合调 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ Mr.White who is living in the countryside，is my uncle.When he was a child，he had a gift for music and always sang 1.in tune(音调准确)．But his family was poor and most of his clothes were 2.worn out(破烂不堪的)．So ‎ he couldn’t afford the fee and he dropped out of school.When 3.touching on(谈及) his dream，he said he would earn much money to build a school in the village.Now，he is always 4.on the run(忙碌)，calling on all the villagers to work together to build a school for the children.‎ ‎1．make＋宾语＋宾补 This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.‎ 这使得一些人读起它们来很困难，因此它们经常被搁置在书架上，积满了灰尘。‎ 仿写　大雨使得我们无法出去。‎ The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.‎ ‎2．would rather do...than do...‎ Pip’s sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.‎ 皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。‎ 仿写　我宁愿待在家里看点书，也不愿意和他们去购物。‎ I would rather do some reading at home than go shopping with them.‎ ‎3．副词放于句首，主语是代词时，不用倒装 Up it flew，higher and higher，until it was a small dot in the sky.‎ 它越飞越高，直到在空中变成一个小点。‎ 仿写　一听到这个消息他就跑出去了。‎ Out he rushed on hearing the news.‎ ‎ vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的 ‎(1)I have tried very hard to find out a solution to the problem，but in vain.‎ 我尽力去找出解决问题的办法，结果却是白费工夫。‎ ‎(2)We tried in vain/tried vainly/made a vain attempt to make him change his mind.‎ 我们试图使他改变主意，结果是白费心机。‎ ‎(1)make a vain attempt/effort徒劳的尝试/努力 in vain 徒劳地；无意义地 try in vain to do sth.枉费心机地做某事 be vain of/about对……很自负 ‎(2)vainly adv.徒劳地 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Money spent on the brain is never spent in vain.‎ ‎(2)She was vain of/about her good looks.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(3)他们抱怨是没有用的。‎ ‎①It was in vain for them to complain.(in vain)‎ ‎②They tried in vain to complain.(try in vain to do...)‎ ‎③They tried vainly to complain.(vainly)‎ ‎ resist vi.& vt.抵(反)抗，抵制 ‎(1)I was in their power，and I knew it was pointless to resist.‎ 我在他们的股掌之中，知道抗拒是毫无意义的。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)They will resist doing assignments that they find boring.‎ 他们拒绝做那些令人乏味的功课。‎ ‎(1)resist doing抵制做……‎ resist the temptation抵制诱惑 can’t resist doing...忍不住做……‎ ‎(2)resistant adj.抵抗的；抵制的；抗……的 ‎(3)resistance n．反对；抵抗 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I couldn’t resist telling(tell) him the secret.‎ ‎(2)She resisted the temptation to tell him what she really thought.‎ ‎(3)Elderly people are not always resistant(resist) to change.‎ ‎(4)The demonstrators offered little or no resistance(resist) to the police.‎ ‎ intend vt.打算；计划；想要；意指 ‎(1)Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.‎ 很多时候伤害你的人并不打算道歉。‎ ‎(2)This book is intended for children.‎ 这本书是供孩子们用的。‎ ‎(1)intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 be intended for/to do...旨在，预定……用途；为……打算(或设计)的 had intended to do...(＝intended to have done...)本打算做……‎ intend that...(should) do打算……‎ ‎(2)intention n．意图；目的；打算 with the intention of抱有……目的 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Under no circumstances should it be intended for trading or investing purposes.‎ ‎(2)He intends to study/studying(study) abroad next year.‎ ‎(3)I intend you to come(come) with me.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)They intended the plan to be put into practice within this year.(改为宾语从句)‎ They intended that the plan (should) be put into practice within this year.‎ ‎ be bent on (doing) sth.决心做某事；一心想做某事 ‎(1)They seemed bent on destroying his career.‎ 他们似乎一心想毁了他的事业。(朗文当代)‎ ‎(2)The reason why she is bent on becoming an actress is still unknown to us all.‎ 我们仍然不知道她一心想成为演员的原因。‎ 表示“决心要做某事，决定做某事”的其他表达方式：‎ decide to do sth.‎ make a decision to do sth.‎ make up one’s mind to do sth.‎ be determined to do sth.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)有一天，他做好充分准备后，决定参加一个工作面试。‎ One day，he gathered up all his strength and decided to/make a decision to/made up his mind to/was determined to attend a job interview.‎ ‎(2)乔伊斯一心想买一套新住房。‎ Joyce is bent on buying a new house.‎ ‎ live up to达到，符合期望；不辜负；遵守诺言 ‎(1)I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.‎ 我确信我不会辜负你的期望。‎ ‎(2)For a whole week we had to live on fish and chips.‎ 整整一个星期，我们只得以炸鱼和薯条为主食。‎ ‎(3)Looking back，I don’t know how I lived through those years.‎ 回顾往事，我真不知道那些年是怎样过来的。‎ live with忍受，容忍；与……住在一起 live on...以……为主食；靠……为生；继续存在 live through经历(艰难或险境) live/lead a...life过着……的生活 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Stephen Chase had determined to live up to the expectations of the company.‎ ‎(2)I suggest all of us should smile every day，and live a happy life.‎ ‎(3)He lived through both world wars.‎ ‎(4)You might not like the situation，but you’ll have to learn to live with it.‎ ‎(5)He may be dead but his music lives on.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(6)我不能忍受他的无礼。‎ I can’t live with/stand/bear/put up with his rudeness.‎ ‎ desperate adj.不顾一切的；拼命的；绝望的 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Judging from what he said and did，we can conclude that he is desperate for fame.‎ ‎(2)After ten years of hard study，he is desperate to pass(pass) the College Entrance Examination.‎ ‎(3)He is desperate at the failure.‎ ‎(4)He desperately(desperate) saw her disappear into the crowd.‎ 名师点拨 be desperate for渴望得到……；be desperate to do...渴望做……。desperate表示“绝望的”时，因本身已含有very的意思，所以习惯上不再与very连用。‎ ‎ generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；宽厚的；仁慈的；丰富的 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)It’s very generous of you to help me.‎ ‎(2)He is generous to the poor.‎ ‎(3)She is generous in giving her time to help others.‎ ‎(4)The young man is generous with his money.‎ ‎(5)She was generous enough to overlook(overlook) my little mistake.‎ ‎ rescue v．& n．营救；拯救 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)All the visitors were rescued from the burning hostel and the two injured ‎ were saved by doctors from a nearby hospital.‎ ‎(2)After getting lost in a storm，a member of the navy team was rescued(rescue) four days later.‎ ‎(3)We were about to close down the business，but the bank came to our rescue with a huge loan.‎ 名师点拨 rescue sb./sth.from sth.从……中营救……‎ go/come to one’s rescue去/来救某人 rescue workers救援人员 ‎ reputation n．名誉，名声 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)中国由于精心顺利地组织抗击流感而得到了很好的声誉。‎ China has got a good reputation for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.‎ ‎(2)这本书完全配得上他的声望。‎ The book is well worthy of his reputation.‎ ‎(3)他的作品不负盛名。‎ His works lived up to his reputation.‎ 名师点拨 have a reputation for以……闻名 live up to one’s reputation不负盛名 ‎ on the run在逃避，在逃亡；匆忙地，繁忙地 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Bigger changes are possible in the long run.‎ ‎(2)When the police arrived he made a run for the door.‎ ‎(3)I had to eat lunch on the run.‎ 名师点拨 in the long run从长远看 make a run for朝……跑去 ‎ This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.‎ 这使得一些人读起它们来很困难，因此它们经常被搁置在书架上，积满了灰尘。‎ ‎(1)Her efforts made her a famous person.‎ 她的努力让她成为了一个著名的人。(2016·北京)‎ ‎(2)She made it her business to find out who was responsible.‎ 她一定要查清楚到底该谁负责。‎ ‎(1)该句型中，宾语补足语主要由名词、形容词、介词、不带to的不定式和过去分词等充当。make变为被动语态时，不定式作补足语要带to。‎ ‎(2)当宾语比较长时，常常用“make＋it＋宾补＋宾语”这一结构，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式短语或that引导的宾语从句。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)People in the west make it a rule to buy(buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.‎ ‎(2)My parents would like to make me study(study) 24 hours a day.‎ ‎(3)The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard(hear)．‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。‎ ‎①Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.(不定式作宾语)‎ ‎②Mastering the technology makes it possible that we can use the Internet more effectively.(从句作宾语)‎ ‎ Pip’s sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.‎ 皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良、淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。‎ ‎(1)I would rather stay at home than go out.‎ 我宁可待在家里，也不想出去。(英汉多功能词典)‎ ‎(2)In no country，other than Britain，it has been said，can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.‎ 据说除了英国，没有一个国家的人在一天中会体验四个季节。‎ ‎(3)The problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people.‎ 这个问题应该由政府处理而不是普通百姓。‎ ‎(1)would rather do...than do...宁愿……也不愿……‎ ‎(2)“would rather＋动词原形”是英语中常见的一个句式，意为“宁可……；宁愿……；最好……”。后接宾语从句时，从句谓语用虚拟语气：表示一个现在或将来的愿望，谓语用一般过去时；表示一个过去的愿望，谓语用过去完成时。‎ ‎(3)other than除了……，除……以外，常用于否定句中，相当于except，but等。‎ ‎(4)rather than宁可……也不……；而不是；与其……倒不如……，用于连接两个并列成分。‎ ‎(5)prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿……而不愿……‎ ‎(6)or rather更确切地说 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Rather than ride in a crowded bus in the morning，I always prefer to ride a bicycle.(ride)‎ ‎(2)I would rather you had told(told) me the truth yesterday.‎ ‎(3)What we expect from you is working hard rather than hardly working(work)．‎ ‎(4)Facing up to your problems rather than running(run) away from them is the best approach to working things out.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(5)I met him very late on Friday night，or rather(更确切地说)，early Saturday morning.‎ ‎(6) I would rather you came tomorrow(宁愿你明天来)．‎ ‎(7)She prefers to read(更喜欢阅读) rather than watch TV.‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 As we all know，classics are the antiques of the 1.literary(literature) world.They are examples of great writing and wisdom，and even those written centuries ago can still 2.be found(find) in bookshops and libraries today.Even some films are based 3.on them.Charles Dickens is one of England’s greatest writers.Great Expectations is one of his famous 4.works(work)．The story begins when Pip is seven.‎ There is a twist in the plot 5.when a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune.Pip moves to London.Money and 6.education(educate) have changed him.He becomes vain and ashamed 7.of his background and even ‎ dislikes 8.it when Joe comes to visit him because he isn’t a gentleman.He wins Estella’s love.In the end，Pip has changed a lot.He learns 9.happiness(happy) and friends are 10.more important(important) than wealth.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 Robert Burns，Scotland’s supreme literary hero，was born in 1759.He had a reputation of being funny and pleasant to be around.Therefore，he came from a poor family with much debts，and did not ever make a lot of money.After his first book of poetry published，Burns became famous nationwide.Then he moved to Edinburgh，but was not any richer but had to earn his income by farming.A hard life and weak health made Robert Burns’s life short.He died at an age of 37 in 1796.Afterwards many people had donated money to support her widow and children.In 1877，a monument in honour of Burns was showing to the public in George Square.The day was declared a holiday and about 30,000 people came out to watch.The house that Burns was born is now a museum of his life and work.‎ 答案 Robert Burns，Scotland’s supreme literary hero，was born in 1759.He had a reputation being funny and pleasant to be around.，he came from a poor family with debts，and did not ever make a lot of money.After his first book of poetry published，Burns became famous nationwide.Then he moved to Edinburgh，but was not any richer had to earn his income by farming.A hard life and weak health made Robert Burns’s life short.He died at age of 37 in 1796.Afterwards many people had ‎ donated money to support widow and children.In 1877，a monument in honour of Burns was to the public in George Square.The day was declared a holiday and about 30,000 people came out to watch.The house Burns was born is now a museum of his life and work.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于文学作品)‎ ‎1．这位小说家写了很多小说和诗歌。‎ ‎2．在他的作品中，他呼吁人们加强团结，抵制暴力，对他人慷慨，对未来不要绝望。‎ ‎3．他的作品给人们全新的感受。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ The novelist wrote a lot of fictions and poetry.In his works，he appealed to the people to strengthen unity，resist violence，be generous to others and not to be desperate for the future.His works gave people a brand new feeling.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating(eat) cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress.‎ ‎2．The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty，surrounded by criminals(crime) and violence(violent)，had written a new chapter in the history of sports.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎3．He intends that the plan should be put(put) into practice within a year.‎ ‎4．Now，electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue(rescue) these big birds.(2016·北京)‎ ‎5．Compared(compare) to the traditional ones，the magic shoes have three new unique functions.(2014·湖南)‎ ‎6．The journey was intended to achieve(achieve) more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎7．He got killed(kill) when he was crossing the road.‎ ‎8．In college, his parents pressured him to live up to all of their expectations.‎ ‎9．New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt.(2015·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎10．I make it a rule to take a short walk after lunch.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2017·广东佛山一中月考)‎ A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes，as a rule，to have it retold in almost the same words，but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts.It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book，and，if a parent can produce what，in the actual situation of the time and the child，is an improvement on the printed text，so much the better.‎ A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking.To prove the latter，one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not.As to fears，there are，I think，some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story.Often，however，this arises from the child having heard the story once.Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.‎ There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true，that giants，witches，twoheaded dragons，magic carpets，etc.do not exist; and that，instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales，the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history.I find such people，I must say so peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them.If their cases were sound，the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girlfriend.‎ No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲述了有些人不喜欢童话的原因：一方面，有些童话令孩子们害怕；另一方面，童话脱离了现实。‎ ‎11．The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is .‎ A．repeated without any change B．treated as a joke C．made some changes by the parent D．set in the present 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“...if a parent can produce what，in the actual situation of the time and the child，is an improvement on the printed text，so much the better.”可知，如果家长能够做出适当改进，那么讲故事的效率会更高。故选C。‎ ‎12．According to the passage，great fear can take place in a child when the story is .‎ A．in a realistic setting B．heard for the first time C．repeated too often D．told in a different way 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句“...children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story...arises from the child having heard the story once.”可知，孩子们第一次听童话故事的时候会非常害怕，故选B。‎ ‎13．The advantage claimed for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it .‎ A．makes them less fearful B．develops their power of memory C．makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of ‎ D．encourages them not to have strange beliefs 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.”可知，如果孩子反复听一个童话故事，那么会让他们减少恐惧。故选A。‎ ‎14．One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that .‎ A．they are full of absurd imagination ‎ B．they just make up the stories which are far from the truth C．they are not interesting D．they make teachers of history difficult to teach 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。结合全文可知，一些人不赞成童话故事的原因在于童话故事编了一些远离事实的故事，故选B。‎ Ⅲ.七选五 ‎(2017·安徽马鞍山二十二中月考)‎ It’s normal to wake briefly during the night. 15 But if you’re waking up during the night and having trouble falling back asleep，the following tips may help.‎ Stay out of your head.The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep，so remain in bed in a relaxed position.Hard as it may be，try not to stress over the fact that you’re awake，because that very stress and anxiety encourage your body to stay awake. 16 ‎ ‎ 17 If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep，try a relaxation technique such as visualization(想象)，deep breathing，or meditation，which can be done without even getting out of bed.Remind yourself that although they’re not a replacement for sleep，rest and relaxation still help refresh your body.‎ Do a quiet，nonstimulating activity.If you’ve been awake for more than 15 minutes，try getting out of bed and doing a quiet，nonstimulating activity，such as reading a book.Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it’s time to wake up. 18 A light snack might help relax you，but be careful not to eat so much that your body begins to expect a meal at that time of the day.‎ ‎ 19 If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something，make a brief note of it on paper and postpone worrying about it until the next day when you are fresh and it will be easier to resolve.‎ A．Make relaxation your goal，not sleep.‎ B．Put off worries and troubles.‎ C．Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night.‎ D．In fact，a good sleeper won’t even remember it.‎ E．Also avoid screens of any kind—computers，TVs，cell phones，iPads.‎ F．You’ll be much more productive and creative after a good night’s rest.‎ G．A good way to stay out of your head is to focus on the feeling in your body.‎ 语篇解读　‎ 本文介绍了睡眠过程中会突然醒过来，如果此后长时间睡不着可以采取的一些措施。‎ ‎15．答案　D 解析　从前面的句子“It’s normal to wake briefly during the night.(晚上偶尔醒了是正常的)”以及下文“But if...back asleep...”可知“有的睡眠好的人甚至不记得了”承上启下。选D。‎ ‎16．答案　G 解析　从段首的句子“Stay out of your head.The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep，so remain in bed in a relaxed position.”可知要想重新入睡最好的办法是专注于身体的感受。选G。‎ ‎17．答案　A 解析　从后面的句子“If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep，try a relaxation technique such as visualization(想象)．..”可知本段主要讲的是要尽量放松。选A。‎ ‎18．答案　E 解析　从前面的句子“Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it’s time to wake up.”可知一切有屏幕的东西都要避免。选E。‎ ‎19．答案　B 解析　从前面的句子“If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something，make a brief note of it on paper and postpone worrying about it until the next day...”可知本段主要讲的是把担心推迟到第二天。选B。‎ Ⅳ.完形填空 ‎(2016·湖北天门调研)‎ Sometimes the people who are noticed the least can do the most to lift ‎ us up.On Thanksgiving 20 I took part in a local running activity.It was barely above freezing that morning so every runner was walking or jumping around trying to stay 21 .‎ On the side of the road was a(n) 22 man and as usual，most people pretended not to 23 him.I went over and talked with him for a few minutes 24 the race.He told me that he was a veteran(老兵) and had hoped he might be able to do some work to 25 a few dollars for a Thanksgiving dinner.‎ It was time for the race so I told him I’d like to talk to him 26 .I thought about this man during most of the 27 .He hadn’t asked me for anything， 28 I wanted to do something for him.However，I only had a couple of dollars，certainly not 29 for a Thanksgiving dinner for the man.‎ After the race I went back and talked to him，which got me several 30 looks from other runners.During our conversation I offered him the 31 I had.He didn’t want to accept it but I 32 .Then he said something that I didn’t 33 .He said，“This has been so nice.Thank you.I haven’t really 34 anybody in a real long time.” ‎ ‎“Wow，” I thought.“This man is 35 me for just talking to him.”After I said goodbye，I asked other 36 if they had a couple of dollars for a homeless veteran who just 37 to buy a hot Thanksgiving dinner.I think he ended up getting enough for a good 38 that night.From him，I learned how to smile through the rough times and I was 39 not to take for granted the many blessings I have.‎ 语篇解读 ‎　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在感恩节那天帮助一位无家可归的老兵筹集到足够的钱买一份节日晚餐。作者从这位老兵身上学习到了如何笑对苦难，并且意识到不要把自己所拥有的幸福当成理所当然的事。‎ ‎20．A.morning B．noon C．afternoon D．evening 答案　A 解析　下句中的that morning提示了本题答案。‎ ‎21．A.active B．calm C．healthy D．warm 答案　D 解析　根据本句中的“It was barely above freezing...”可知，当时气温很低，所以参加跑步的人走来走去或者跳来跳去都是为了保“暖(warm)”。‎ ‎22．A.old B．ugly C．homeless D．hopeless 答案　C 解析　最后一段中的a homeless veteran提示了本题答案。‎ ‎23．A.recognize B．see C．find D．observe ‎ 答案　B 解析　人们通常都假装没有“看见(see)”这些无家可归的人。‎ ‎24．A.before B．after C．about D．despite 答案　A 解析　根据下段中的“It was time for the race...”可知，作者在开跑“前(before)”跟那位老兵聊了几分钟。‎ ‎25．A.borrow B．earn C．spare D．raise 答案　B 解析　根据上文中的“do some work...”可推测，这位老兵希望通过自己的劳动能“挣(earn)”一些钱来买一份感恩节晚餐。‎ ‎26．A.at last B．as usual C．for ever D．once again 答案　D 解析　根据下段中的“After the race I went back and talked to him...”可知，作者跑完步以后还想跟那位老兵“再(once again)”谈谈。‎ ‎27．A.practice B．conversation C．race D．work 答案　C 解析　根据本段开头的“It was time for the race...”可知，在“跑步(race)”的大部分时间里，作者都在想那位老兵。‎ ‎28．A.so B．or C．and D．but ‎ 答案　D 解析　“他什么都没跟我要”和“我想为他做什么”之间是转折关系，故选but。‎ ‎29．A.normal B．enough C．necessary D．suitable 答案　B 解析　根据本句开头的However可推测，作者身上只带着几元钱，肯定不“够(enough)”买份感恩节晚餐。‎ ‎30．A.anxious B．strange C．guilty D．serious 答案　B 解析　大家都忽视这位无家可归的老兵，作者却再次跟他坐在一起聊天，因此其他参加跑步的人都用“奇怪的(strange)”眼神看着作者。‎ ‎31．A.gift B．opportunity C．cash D．suggestion ‎ 答案　C 解析　根据上段中的a couple of dollars可推测，这里是指作者给那位老兵“现金(cash)”。‎ ‎32．A.insisted B．agreed C．hesitated D．regretted 答案　A 解析　根据but可知，老兵拒绝要作者的钱，但是作者“坚持(insist)”要给。‎ ‎33．A.doubt B．expect C．admit D．allow 答案　B 解析　根据下段中的“‘Wow，’ I thought...”可推测，老兵说了一些作者没有“预料到(expect)”的话。‎ ‎34．A.talked to B．cared about C．turned to D．worried about 答案　A 解析　根据下段中的for just talking to him可知，老兵已经很久没有真正地跟别人“交谈(talk to)”过了。‎ ‎35．A.punishing B．forgiving C．thanking D．blaming 答案　C 解析　上段中的Thank you提示了本题答案。‎ ‎36．A.organizers B．walkers C．jumpers D．runners ‎ 答案　D 解析　根据上文中的a local running activity及other runners可知，作者问其他“参加跑步的人(runners)”能否给那位无家可归的老兵一些钱。‎ ‎37．A.wanted B．decided C．stopped D．remembered 答案　A 解析　根据第二段中的“...had hoped ...for a Thanksgiving dinner.”可知，那位老兵“想要(wanted)”买一份热乎乎的感恩节晚餐。‎ ‎38．A.present B．dinner C．sleep D．rest 答案　B 解析　文中多处出现的a Thanksgiving dinner提示了本题答案。‎ ‎39．A.demanded B．encouraged C．reminded D．persuaded 答案　C 解析　作者从老兵身上学习到了如何笑对苦难，并且“意识到(remind)”不要把自己所拥有的幸福当成理所当然的事。‎