高考语法复习——时态语态专题有答案详解

高考语法复习——时态语态专题有答案详解

专题一 动词的时态和语态 考点1 一般时 ‎1.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］So it was a great honour...I ____ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. ‎ ‎2.［2015•新课标全国Ⅰ］It was raining lightly when I ____ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.‎ ‎3.［2015•江苏］The real reason why prices ____ (be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. ‎ ‎4.［2015•湖南］I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I ____ (ask),"What do you wish me to do now?"‎ ‎5.［2015•湖南］That’s why I help brighten people’s days. If you____ (do), who’s to say that another person will?‎ ‎6.［2015•重庆］—Is Peter coming?‎ ‎—No, he ____ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.‎ ‎7.［2014•新课标全国Ⅰ］In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It ____ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.‎ ‎8.［2014•湖南］Whenever you ____ (buy) a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.‎ ‎9.［2014•重庆］You’d better write down her phone number before you____ (forget)it.‎ ‎10.［2014•福建］—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?‎ ‎—I went to Ningxia and ____ (stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.‎ ‎11. ［2013•安徽］I’m calling about the apartment you ____ (advertise) the other day. Could you tell me more about it?‎ ‎12.［2013•重庆］I felt very tired when I got home, and I ____ (go)straight to bed.‎ ‎13.［2013•陕西］On Monday mornings it usually ____ (take) me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.‎ ‎14.［2013•湖南］Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ____ (bother) us.‎ ‎15.［2013•山东］I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it ____ (be) pretty good.‎ ‎16.［2012•新课标全国］"Life is like walking in the snow," Granny used to say, "because every step ____ (show)."‎ ‎17.［2012•天津］The three of us ____ (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.‎ ‎18.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside.‎ ‎19.［2016•甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］The summer holiday is corning...I thought that it is a good idea.‎ ‎20.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me...‎ ‎21.［2015•新课标全国Ⅰ改错］When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there.‎ ‎22.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］Tony was scared and begun to cry.‎ ‎23.［2015•新课标全国Ⅱ改错］A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop. ‎ ‎24.［2014• 新课标全国Ⅱ改错］My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. ... We didn’t need to do so much homework. ‎ 考点2进行时 ‎25.［2015• 天津］Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ____ (teach) a class at that time.‎ ‎26.［2015•湖南］He must have sensed that I ____ (look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?"‎ ‎27.［2014•重庆］James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ____（come）until yesterday. ‎ ‎28.［2014•北京］—Hi, let’s go skating.‎ ‎—Sorry, I’m busy right now. I ____ (fill) in an application form for a new job.‎ ‎29.［2014•四川］She ____ (phone) someone， so I nodded to her and went away．‎ ‎30.［2013•陕西］Jim ____ (watch) a late-night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.‎ ‎31.［2013•湖南］—I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.‎ ‎—I’m so sorry. But I ____ (do) my homework.‎ ‎32.［2013•四川］Hurry up, kids! The school bus ____（wait）for us!‎ ‎33.［2013•天津］The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers ____ (repair) one of the main pipes.‎ ‎34.［2012•湖南］"The moment ____ (come) soon,"he thought to himself,waiting nervously.‎ ‎35.［2012•福建］—When did the computer crash?‎ ‎—This morning, while I ____ (sort) the reading materials downloaded from some websites. ‎ ‎36.［2012•四川］—Did you catch what I said?‎ ‎—Sorry. I ____ (answer) a text message just now.‎ ‎37.［2012•陕西］—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon? ‎ ‎—I’m sorry, but by then I ____ (fly) to Beijing.How about five?‎ ‎38.［2012•辽宁］I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I ____ (fly) to Shanghai.‎ 考点3完成时 ‎39.［2016•北京］I ____（read） half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.‎ ‎40.［2016•浙江］Silk ____（become） one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.‎ ‎41.［2015•北京］ —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?‎ ‎—Not really. She ____ (give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.‎ ‎42.［2015•北京］In the last few years, China ____ (make) great achievements in environmental protection.‎ ‎43.［2015•安徽］Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ____ (leave) my book in the cafe.‎ ‎44.［2015•天津］Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ____ (reach)so far by the two sides.‎ ‎45.［2014•山东］Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ____（expect）.‎ ‎46.［2014•江苏］—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?‎ ‎—Well, the media ____ (cover) it in a variety of forms.‎ ‎47.［2014•浙江］Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she ____ (see)‎ ‎ most of the guests before.‎ ‎48.［2013•浙江］During the last three decades,the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ____ (increase) sharply.‎ ‎49.［2013•辽宁］He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ____ (have) it for a very long time.‎ ‎50.［2013•新课标全国Ⅰ］When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I ____ (change) my mind.‎ ‎51.［2013•山东］—Oh no! We’re too late. The train ____ (leave).‎ ‎—That’s OK. We’ll catch the next train to London.‎ ‎52.［2013•湖南］—Have you heard about the recent election?‎ ‎—Sure, it____ (be) the only thing on the news for the last three days. ‎ ‎53.［2012•浙江］—Alvin, are you coming with us?‎ ‎—I'd love to, but something unexpected ____ (come)up.‎ ‎54.［2012•江苏］The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ____ (meet) some European business partners.‎ ‎55.［2012•江西］—Look! Somebody ____ (clean) the sofa.‎ ‎—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.‎ 考点4完成进行时 ‎56.［2016•江苏］Dashan, who ____（learn） crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.‎ ‎57.［2015•福建］—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.‎ ‎—He went to the library after breakfast and ____ (write)his essay there ever since.‎ ‎58.［2015•陕西］Marty ____ (work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.‎ ‎59.［2014•湖南］Since the time humankind started gardening, we ____（try）to make our environment more beautiful.‎ ‎60.［2014•江西］—Tony, why are your eyes red?‎ ‎—I ____（cut）up peppers for the last five minutes.‎ ‎61.［2013•福建］The girl has a great interest in sport and ____ (take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.‎ ‎62.［2012•安徽］In order to find the missing child, villagers ____ (do) all they can over the past five hours.‎ ‎63.［2011•北京］Tom ____ (work) in the library every night over the last three months.‎ ‎64.［2011•新课标全国］When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ____ (lie) there.‎ ‎65.［2014•新课标全国Ⅰ改错］Since then — for all these years — we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.‎ 考点5将来时 ‎ 66.［2016•北京］The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ____（reward）with success in the end.‎ ‎67.［2015•北京］—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.‎ ‎—All right. I ____ (call) him later.‎ ‎68.［2015•湖南］As you go through this book, you ____ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.‎ ‎69.［2015•四川］More expressways ____ (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.‎ ‎70.［2015•陕西］At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he ____ (be) to become the first black president of the United States of America. ‎ ‎71.［2015•浙江］Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ____ (go) to be a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.‎ ‎72.［2014•北京］—What time is it?‎ ‎ —I have no idea. But just a minute, I ____（check）it for you.‎ ‎73.［2013•北京］—Do you think Mom and Dad ____ (be) late?‎ ‎ —No. Swiss Air is usually on time.‎ ‎74.［2013•辽宁］We are confident that the environment ____ (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.‎ ‎75.［2012•湖南］Close the door of fear behind you,and you ____ (see) the door of faith open before you.‎ ‎76.［2012•湖南］Don’t worry.The hard work that you do now ____ (repay) later in life.‎ ‎77.［2012•北京］By the time you have finished this book, your meal ____ (get) cold.‎ 考点6被动语态 ‎78.［2016•丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］Truly elegant chopsticks might ____ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.‎ ‎79.［2016•江苏］More efforts, as reported, ____（make） in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.‎ ‎80.［2015•北京］—Did you enjoy the party?‎ ‎—Yes. We ____ (treat) well by our hosts.‎ ‎81.［2015•福建］To my delight, I ____ (choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.‎ ‎82.［2015•湖南］I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ____ (hold) back thankfully by the shop window.‎ ‎83.［2014•天津］We won’t start the work until all the preparations ____ (make).‎ ‎84.［2013•北京］Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ____ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years. ‎ ‎85.［2013•湖南］If nothing ____ (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts.‎ ‎86.［2013•上海］The school board is made up of parents who ____ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs.‎ ‎87.［2012•安徽］After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it ____ (decorate).‎ ‎88.［2012•北京］—Have you heard about that fire in the market?‎ ‎—Yes, fortunately no one ____ (hurt).‎ ‎89.［2016•乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.‎ ‎【改错】‎ ‎(1) We were driving along a narrow road when the car stop…‎ ‎(2) …and had returned to the car! Bill is standing at the side of the car ‎ ‎(3) Two months ago they were back in America. Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the… ‎ ‎(4) Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. ‎ ‎(5) Also, scientists and doctors had learned how to deal with many diseases. ‎ ‎(6) Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. ‎ ‎(7) If the book you will want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you. ‎ ‎(8) I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away and it is really great to see most of my old friends again.‎ ‎(9) They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing together. ‎ ‎(10) I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang. ‎ ‎(11) My favourite sport is football. I was a member of our school football team. ‎ ‎(12) I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set. ‎ 参考答案 考点1 ---1.was allowed 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的"was"表明此处应用一般过去时，故填was allowed。‎ ‎2.arrived 考查动词时态。主句为过去进行时，因此when连接的时间状语从句应用一般过去时，故本空填arrived。‎ ‎3.were 根据句中的"and still are" 可知，空处应该指价格过去也很高。故用一般过去时。‎ ‎4.asked 句意：当我问"现在你希望我做什么？"时，我掩饰不住内心的急切。when引导时间状语从句；通过"I wasn't able to hide my eagerness"的时态可知，ask这个动作发生在过去，故填asked。‎ ‎5.don't 句意：那就是我帮助人们天天心情愉快的原因。如果你不去做，谁又会说有其他人会去做呢？主句"who's to say that another person will"用了一般将来时，If引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，故填don't。‎ ‎6.changed 依据答语中的"No"可知，他在最后一刻改变了主意。语境表明change这一动作已经发生， 故用一般过去时。‎ ‎7.was 前句有时间状语In 1969，因此此处描述的是过去的情况。故用一般过去时，本空填was。‎ ‎8.buy 句意：无论何时你购买礼物，你都应该从接收者的角度去考虑这个礼物。根据句意可知，该句叙述的是一般的客观情况，故此处的让步状语从句中应用一般现在时。‎ ‎9.forget 在时间状语从句中应该用一般现在时表示将来。‎ ‎【易错点拨】如果不知道时间状语从句、条件状语从句或让步状语从句中动词的时态应该用一般现在时表将来，则很容易误填will forget。‎ ‎10.stayed 此处与前半句中的went相呼应，表示过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。‎ ‎【易错点拨】受时间段状语for one year的影响，本题容易误填had stayed。问句使用的是现在完成时，而不是过去完成时。‎ ‎11.advertised 根据题干中的"I'm calling"可知，时间的定位为现在，空格处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据其中的时间状语the other day可知，此处应用一般过去时。‎ ‎【易错点拨】本题易误用过去完成时，过去完成时表示"过去的过去"，而本句中没有过去的某个时间作为参照点。‎ ‎12.went 句意：回到家时我感觉非常累，于是就直接去睡觉了。"回家"和"直接去睡觉"都是过去发生的动作，因此用一般过去时。‎ ‎13.takes 句意：在星期一的早上，开车上班通常要花费我一个小时，虽然实际距离仅仅有20英里。根据句意可判断出，这里叙述的是经常性的情况，所以用一般现在时。 ‎ ‎14.bothers 句意：每晚两点左右，Sue就开始说梦话。这弄得我们有点儿烦。根据"every night"可知，此处指经常发生的动作；句中的will是情态动词，表示习惯发生的动作。故此处用一般现在时。‎ ‎15.was 句意：我原以为我不会喜欢这部电影，但是实际上它非常好。根据句意及句中的didn't 可知，此处指的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。‎ ‎16.shows 句意："人生就像在雪中走路，"奶奶过去经常说，"因为每一步都留有足迹。"本句叙述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时。此处show用作不及物动词，意为"露出，显出"。‎ ‎17.travel(l)ed 句意：去年夏天，我们三人在欧洲旅行了一个月左右。根据句中的"last summer"可知用一般过去时。‎ ‎18.had→have 考查时态。 整篇文章都是以现在时态写的， 所以需将一般过去时改为一般现在时。‎ ‎19.thought→think 考查动词的时态。全文的时态均以一般现在时为主，故此处应用一般现在时。‎ ‎20.tell→told 考查语篇中时态的一致性。全文中心时态为一般过去时，故应将tell改为told。‎ ‎21.think→thought 前两句是回忆童年的事情，因此应用一般过去时，把think改为thought。‎ ‎22.begun→began 这里是对过去发生的事情的客观叙述，应用一般过去时，故应把begun改为began。‎ ‎23.telling→told 此处and连接的两个先后发生的动作在时态上应保持一致，故应把telling改为told。‎ ‎24.didn't→don't 考查动词时态。文章主体时态为一般现在时，此处表示"我们（每天）不需要做如此多的家庭作业"，所以要用一般现在时。故把didn't改为don't。‎ 考点2进行时 ‎25.will be teaching 句意：今天下午三点Jane不能出席会议，因为那时她将正在上课。由时间状语"at 3 o'clock this afternoon"和"at that time"可知，空处表示的是将来某个时刻正在进行的动作，故用将来进行时。‎ ‎26.was looking 句意：他一定感觉到了我正在看着他。他突然瞥了我一眼，轻轻地说，"你为什么那样盯着我？"must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，that引导的宾语从句应用过去时态。由句意可知，他感觉到的时候我应该是正在看他。‎ ‎27.was coming 前一句说James已经到了，然后用but语意一转说直到昨天才知道他要来，据此可知应该填表示将来含义的时态。因为主句用了过去时所以从句不能用一般将来时，因此用过去进行时表将来。‎ ‎28.am filling "嗨，我们去滑冰吧。""对不起，我现在很忙。我正在填一份新工作申请表。"由答句中的时间状语right now和上下文语境可知，此处表示正在发生的事，应用现在进行时。‎ ‎29.was phoning 句意：当时她正在给别人打电话,所以我对她点了点头,离开了。过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，其形式为"was/were+现在分词"。根据句意可知，空格处用过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正发生的动作。‎ ‎30.was watching 句意：Jim正在家看一部午夜电影，正看到令人毛骨悚然的场景时，电视变成空白了。根据句意可知，此处表示过去某时间正在进行的动作。‎ ‎31.was doing 句意："我不解的是你昨天下午为什么不去听讲座。""对不起。但是(当时)我正在做家庭作业。"很显然，答话者没有去的原因是当时正在做家庭作业，因此此处要用过去进行时。‎ ‎32.is waiting 句意：孩子们，快点！校车在等我们！根据句意可知，空处表示正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时。‎ ‎33.are repairing 句意：水供应已经被暂时切断了，因为工人们正在修其中一条主管道。根据主句时态可知，从句应用现在的某种时态，再根据语境可知此处要用现在进行时，表示正在修。‎ ‎34.is coming 句意：他紧张地等待着，心里想，"这一时刻很快就要来临了。"根据空处后面的soon可知，此处表示将来，所给提示词为come且引号中的内容是他当时想法的直接表达，故应用现在进行时表示将来。‎ ‎【易错点拨】本题易受句子中thought一词的影响，错误地认为空白处应使用与过去相关的某一时态。‎ ‎35.was sorting 句意："电脑什么时候死机的？""今天上午，当我正在把从一些网站上下载下来的阅读材料进行分类的时候。"根据句意可知，死机发生在我正在做某事时，也就是说发生在过去的某个时间点，故应用过去进行时态。‎ ‎36.was answering 句意："你听懂我的话了吗？""很抱歉，刚才我在回短信。"此处用过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作。‎ ‎37.will be flying 句意："今天下午两点我能给你回电话吗？""不好意思，那时我正飞往北京。五点怎么样？"由by then可知，此处用将来进行时表示将来某时正在进行的动作。‎ ‎38.will be flying 句意：我感到非常兴奋！明天早上这个时候我将正在飞往上海的途中。语境强调将来某个时候正在进行的动作，因此用将来进行时。‎ ‎【易错点拨】本题易误填will fly。一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态，而将来进行时强调将来的某个时候正在进行的动作，两者相比较，本句应用将来进行时，与语境中的时间状语At this time tomorrow morning相呼应。‎ 考点3完成时 ‎39.have read 句意：这本英文小说我已经读了一半了，这个周末我将尽力把它读完。语境表示"已经读了一半"，应该用现在完成时表示说话之前已经完成的动作，并且这个动作的结果对现在的情况仍有影响。‎ ‎40.had become 句意：到大约公元前100年，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上最主要的交易商品之一。根据句意及by about 100 BC可知，become的动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。‎ ‎41.had given —你们找到Ann的家有困难吗？—算不上难。她已经告知了我们她家的详细方位，我们很容易找到。根据语境可知,give这一动作发生在were able to之前，故此处应用过去完成时。‎ ‎42.has made 句意：在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面已经取得了很大的成就。根据时间状语In the last few years可知，这里应用现在完成时。‎ ‎43.had left 句中realized为一般过去时，我把书忘在咖啡馆的动作发生在realized之前，即为过去的过去，因此用过去完成时。句意：就在我到达学校门口时，我意识到我把书忘在咖啡馆里了。‎ ‎44.has been reached 句意：尽管先前进行了几轮会谈，但双方至今也没有达成协议。由时间状语so far可知，应用现在完成时；又因主语agreement与reach之间是动宾关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。‎ ‎45.had expected 句意：手写所有的请柬比我们预计的要耗时得多。句子的系动词为was，expect的动作发生在was之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时。‎ ‎【易错点拨】对于时态类的题，一、时间状语是时态的眼睛，要牢牢抓住时间状语；二、要密切注意上下文的暗示，比如此题中was的暗示作用；三、要注意语态，主动语态和被动语态是一个问题的两个方面。‎ ‎46.have covered 根据句中的in a variety of forms可知，媒体已经以多种形式对南京青年奥运会进行了报道。‎ ‎47.had seen 句意：Sofia 看看所有的面孔，感觉大部分客人她以前见过。主句时态用的是过去时，从句中的see先于主句的动作发生，所以用过去完成时。‎ ‎48.has increased 根据句意"在过去的三十年中，参加健身锻炼的人的数量已经急剧增加了"可知，increase的动作虽然发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，同时由题干中的During the last three decades也可知，该空应该用现在完成时。‎ ‎49.had had 句意：卖吉他时他很不高兴。毕竟那把吉他陪了他很长时间。结合句中的时间状语when he sold his guitar可知，拥有吉他这一状态发生在卖吉他这一动作之前，"卖吉他"这一动作发生在过去，故此处应用过去完成时来表示拥有吉他这一状态存在于过去的某一动作之前。‎ ‎50.have changed 句意：当我第一次见到Bryan时，我不喜欢他。但是，我已经改变主意了。根据句意可知，说话人已经改变主意了，因此应用现在完成时。‎ ‎51.has left 句意："噢，不！我们太晚了，火车已经开走了。""没什么，我们坐下一趟火车去伦敦。"此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，因此应用现在完成时。‎ ‎52.has been 句意："你听说最近的选举了吗？""当然了，这可是最近三天唯一的新闻事件。"根据时间状语for the last three days可知，此处用现在完成时。‎ ‎53.has come 句意："Alvin，你会跟我们来吗？""我想去，但出了点没料到的事情。"此处表示已发生的情况对现在的影响（我去不了了），所以用现在完成时。‎ ‎54.had met 句意：据说经理已从巴黎回来了，在那儿他与欧洲的一些生意伙伴见面了。根据句中的is said to have arrived可知，arrive这个动作是在过去发生的，而见面的动作则是在arrive所表示的动作之前发生的，即发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。‎ ‎55.has cleaned 句意："瞧，有人擦过沙发了。""哦，不是我，我没有擦。"根据语境可知，空处表示有人已经做过某事了，故用现在完成时。‎ 考点4完成进行时 ‎56.has been learning 根据句意及定语从句中的时间状语for decades和主句谓语动词wants可知，本题应使用现在完成进行时态，表示从过去某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去的动作。‎ ‎57.has been writing 根据句中的时间状语ever since可知,write这一动作从过去某一时刻一直持续到现在，所以用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎58.has been working 句意：Marty一直在努力地写着他的书,他想他在周五前会完成它。根据句中的"by Friday"可判断出,work这个动作从过去一直持续到现在,并将继续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎59.have been trying 句意：自从人类开创园艺工作以来，我们一直在努力使我们的环境更加美丽。根据时间状语从句Since the time...可知，try这一动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去，故主句应用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎60.have been cutting "Tony，你的眼睛为什么是红的？""刚刚五分钟我一直在切辣椒。"句中出现的时间状语为for the last five minutes,表示动作发生在过去，到现在已持续一段时间，而且对现在造成了影响。因此，现在完成进行时符合语境。‎ ‎61.has been taking 句意：这个女孩儿酷爱运动，在过去的三年里她每周上两次羽毛球课。over the last three years表示"在过去的三年里"，常与现在完成进行时连用。‎ ‎62.have been doing 句意：为了找到那个丢失的孩子，在过去的五个小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切事情。根据句中的时间状语over the past five hours可知，此处应用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎63.has been working 由句中的时间状语over the last three months可知，应用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎64.had been lying 句意：当Alice醒来时，她不知道自己在那里躺了多久。由句意可知，Alice在苏醒之前一直在那里躺着。因此空处应用过去完成进行时。‎ ‎65.had→have 考查时态。结合文意可知，此处表示从过去开始而延续到现在的动作，并有可能持续下去，因此应用现在完成进行时，把had改为have。‎ 考点5将来时 ‎66.will be rewarded 句意：学生们一直在努力学习功课，他们的付出最终会获得成功的。语境说学生一直在努力学习(have been working hard)，由此判断本空叙述将来的动作，应该用一般将来时；reward与their efforts 之间为动宾关系，因此这里需要用被动语态。‎ ‎67.will call —Jackson博士现在不在他的办公室里。—好的。我晚些时候会给他打电话。根据本句中的时间状语"later"可知,应用一般将来时。‎ ‎68.will find 句意：当你阅读这本书时，你将会发现经历过第二次世界大战的数百万人中的每一个都有着不同的经历。"As you go through this book"是时间状语从句，从句用的是一般现在时，主句表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时。‎ ‎69.will be built 句意：四川将很快修建更多的高速公路以促进地方经济（的发展）。题干中的"soon"表明空格处用一般将来时，且句子的主语expressways是谓语动词build的承受者，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。‎ ‎70.was 句意：在上大学时,巴拉克·奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一位黑人总统。根据句意可知,"上大学"发生在过去,从过去的时间看将来,要用过去将来时，故填was, was to do表过去将来。‎ ‎71.was going 句意：爱因斯坦出生在1879年。 当他还是孩童时，很少有人会想到他会成为一位著名的科学家，他的理论会改变整个世界。由动词"guessed"以及之后的"would change"可知，此处表示的是从过去某一时刻看将来要发生的动作或状态，所以用过去将来时。 ‎ ‎72. will check "几点了？""我不知道。等一下，我帮你看一下。"由just a minute可知，下文表示临时的决定，应用一般将来时。‎ ‎73.will be 答语中提到瑞士航空公司的航班通常会准时到达，再结合答语中的时态可知，问话人是对未来的情况表示担忧，所以问句中的宾语从句用一般将来时。‎ ‎74.will be improved 句意：我们相信环境会在我们进一步减少污染的努力下得到改善。由题干中的We are confident that可知此处应该选择表示将来时态的动词形式，又improve 与the environment之间是动宾关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。‎ ‎75.will see 本句为"祈使句+and+陈述句"句型，陈述句通常用一般将来时。‎ ‎76.will be repaid 根据空后面的later一词可知，此处应用一般将来时态，又因repay与work之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。‎ ‎77.will get 句意：到你读完这本书的时候，你的饭就凉了。根据前半句中的内容可知，这里叙述的是将来的情况，所以用一般将来时。‎ 考点6被动语态 ‎78.be made 考查被动语态。此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。根据make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系及空前的"might"可知，此处应填be made。‎ ‎79.will be made 根据句中的时间状语in the years ahead"在未来几年中"可知，本句应该使用一般将来时的被动语态。‎ ‎80.were treated 句意：—你们在晚会上玩得开心吗？—很开心。主人把我们招待得很好。根据问句可知，此处应用一般过去时；treat和We之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎81.was chosen 句意：令我高兴的是，在几百个申请者中我被选中参加开幕式了。首先，句子主语I和choose是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态；其次，本句是对过去所发生事情的客观描述，所以用一般过去时。‎ ‎82.was held 句意：我很想把手伸进去玩那个玩具，但幸好被橱窗挡住了。根据"had"可知，此处也应用一般过去时；由介词by可知应用被动语态。‎ ‎83.have been made 句意：在所有准备工作就绪以后我们才开始工作。在时间、条件状语从句中，可以用一般现在时、现在完成时表将来。从句中的动作make在主句谓语动词的动作start之前发生，应用现在完成时表将来。又因all the preparations与make之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。 ‎ ‎84.has been made 句意：莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》在过去的几年中被拍成了至少十部不同的电影。由时间状语over the past years可知，谓语动词用现在完成时；而且make与Shakespeare's play Hamlet为动宾关系，所以谓语动词用被动语态。‎ ‎85.is done 句意：如果什么都不做，海洋将会变成鱼的沙漠。do与nothing为动宾关系，故应用被动语态；If引导条件状语从句，主句用了一般将来时，所以从句也应用将来的时态，但是if引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故本题应用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎86.have been elected/are elected "who(elect)to make decisions about school affairs"为定语从句，elect与who之间为动宾关系，从句谓语动词应用被动语态；主句用的是一般现在时，从句可用一般现在时或现在完成时。‎ ‎87.was being decorated 句意：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果却被告知阅览室正在装修。阅览室显然是被装修的，应用被动语态，又根据句意可知，阅览室正在装修，动作正在进行，故用过去进行时态。‎ ‎【易错点拨】本题易错填was decorated。这涉及一般过去时与过去进行时的区别，前者表示"已完成"，后者表示"正在进行或尚未完成"。根据句意可知，装修"正在进行，尚未完成"。‎ ‎88.was hurt 句意："你听说市场里发生的火灾了吗？""听说了，幸运的是，没有人受伤。"no one与hurt之间是动宾关系，而且所说的事发生在过去，因此应用一般过去时的被动形式。‎ ‎89.using→used 考查被动语态。fresh vegetables and high quality oil与use之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。‎ ‎【改错】‎ (1) We were driving along a narrow road when the car stop…‎ stopped (2) ‎…and had returned to the car! Bill is standing at the side of the car ‎ has (3) Two months ago they were back in America. Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the… ‎ hurried (4) Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. ‎ was (3) Also, scientists and doctors had learned how to deal with many diseases. ‎ have (4) Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. ‎ costs (7) If the book you will want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you. ‎ (8) I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away and it is really great to see most of my old friends again.‎ have (9) They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing together. ‎ had ‎(10) I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang. ‎ learned (9) My favourite sport is football. I was a member of our school football team. ‎ am ‎(12) I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set. is