专题2-4+Wildlife+Protection（测试练习）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学

专题2-4+Wildlife+Protection（测试练习）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学

专题 2.4+Wildlife+Protection 【测试与练习】 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 A (2017·云南昆明高三模拟) In Wiltshire, England, volunteers are being sought to visit a nature protection area to count the butterflies living there and on surrounding fields. The project is promoted by an environmental protection organisation, which has contributed to improving the living environment for wild animals. Recently, the organisation has issued an appeal to help it observe environmental changes based on the record of butterflies and protect the environment. In the area, the local people have planted many special flowers with the help of the organisation, aiming to see whether these flowers will interest the rare and beautiful butterflies. The project officer Sarah Marshall says, “It will be a suitable habitat (栖息 地) for butterflies. They are great ‘indicator species’ as they are easily affected by climate changes so they make a brilliant earlywarning system for the environment.”She also points out that volunteers are needed to record the number or species of butterflies, and based on the change happening to the butterflies, the hidden environmental problems in the area can be found out in time. The organisation is seeking volunteers to help monitor butterflies from April through to September. They will walk a fixed route and record the different butterflies they encounter along the way. Each visit should take no more than two hours, and each volunteer is expected to visit once a month to count the wildlife.“Staff will provide back up, so if the weather is poor on the day you are to visit (butterflies don't like to fly in the rain, wind or if it's too cloudy), we can have someone else do your job，”Sarah points out. No previous experience is necessary as training and support will be provided, but a keen interest is essential. If you are interested, please contact Sarah on (01380) 725670, ext 278, email sarahmwiltshirewildlife._org 1．According to Paragraph 1, what is the purpose of the Project? A．To appeal to more visitors. B．To protect the environment. C．To control butterfly population. D．To expand the area for wildlife. 2．Many special flowers have been planted in Wiltshire to ________. A．warn people of wildlife extinction B．appeal more tourists to be involved in C．attract many unusual and beautiful butterflies D．improve the economic conditions of local people 3．Volunteers are required to do the things EXCEPT ________. A．having some special previous experience B．being interested in protecting the environment C．walking a regular route and do some recordings D．visiting the nature protection area once a month 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Visitors are being trained to identify butterflies. B．Wildlife areas are being protected by butterflies. C．Volunteers are being needed to count butterflies. D．Organisation is being put up to protect butterflies. 语篇解读：本文是一篇招募文章。面对日益恶化的环境状况，英国一个环保组织倡议招募志愿者数 蝴蝶。这是为什么呢？且看本文详解。 3. 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“No previous experience is necessary as training and support will be provided ...”可知答案 A 符合题意。 4. 解析：选 C 文章主旨题。根据文章第一段第一句“In Wiltshire, England, volunteers are being sought to visit a nature protection area to count the butterflies living there and on surrounding fields.”可知，本文主要讲的是招募特殊志愿者数蝴蝶。故选 C。 B （2017·新课标卷Ⅲ） Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end. The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down. Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theater’s location(位置) was also a reason. ＂This used to be the center of town,＂ he said. ＂Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.＂ Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located. The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed. 5．In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special? A. It made room for new equipment. B. It signaled the closedown of the theater. C. It was done with the help of the audience. D. It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater. 6．Why was The Last Picture Show put on? A. It was an all-time classic. B. It was about the history of the town. C. The audience requested it. D. The theater owner found it suitable. 7．What will probably happen to the building? A. It will be repaired. B. It will be turned into a museum. C. It will be knocked down. D. It will be sold to the city government. 8．What can we infer about the audience? A. They are disappointed with Bradford. B. They are sad to part with the old theater. C. They are supportive of the city officials. D. They are eager to have a shopping center. 5. B 细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅清理 走了垃圾，而且还挪走了座椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。学% 8. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的＂most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building＂可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。 C （2017·北京卷） It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before. Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Paris’s eye rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.” It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?” CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly. Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor. Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned. “I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.” Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly. Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.” 9．What happened to Paris on a March day? A. She caught a bad cold. B. She had a sudden heart problem. C. She was knocked down by a ball. D. She shivered terribly during practice 10．Why does Paris say she was lucky? A. She made a worthy friend. B. She recovered from shock. C. She received immediate CPR. D. She came back on the softball team. 11．Which of the following words can best describe Taylor? A. Enthusiastic and kind. B. Courageous and calm. C. Cooperative and generous. D. Ambitious and professional. 11．通过她救 Paris 这件事可知她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，故选 B。 D (2017·江西高安中学模拟) Mouth bacteria grow fast in airless conditions.Oxygen rich saliva (唾液) keeps their numbers down.When we sleep，for example，the saliva stream slows，and sulfur (硫) producing bacteria gains the upper hand，producing classic “morning breath”． Alcohol drinking，too much talking，breathing through the mouth during exercise，anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath.So can stress，though it’s not understood why.Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview. Saliva flow gradually slows with age，which explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people do.Babies.however，who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath. For most of us，the simple，dry mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured.Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria.Breakfast often stops morning breath. Those with constant dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum，hard candy，or a bottle of water or juice around.Brushing the teeth wipes out dry mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria. Surprisingly，one thing that rarely works is mouthwash.The liquid can mask bad breath smell with its own smell，but the effect lasts no more than an hour.Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath.The trouble is，they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs.Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液)．If the mouthwash contains alcohol—as most do—it can worsen the problem by drying our mouth. 12．Which of the following is right? A．Saliva flow gradually increases with age. B．Alcohol drinking does good to bad breath. C．Mouthwash is not an effective way to bad breath. D．Mouth bacteria can’t grow fast in airless conditions. 13．Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath? A．Tooth trouble. B．Sulfur rich food. C．Too much exercise. D．Mental pressure. 14 ． According to the passage ， alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because________. A．it keeps offending bacteria from reproducing B．its smell adds to bad breath C．it kills some helpful bacteria D．it affects the normal flow of saliva 15．Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because________. A．they can’t mask the bad odor long enough B．they can’t get to all the offending bacteria C．their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worse D．they can’t cover the thick layers of mucus 答案：D 14．解析：Maurice 不得不辍学，开始谋生。earn a living 谋生。 答案：A 15．解析：Maurice 靠给商人送饭使他和弟弟妹妹们能够填饱肚子。enough“足够”符合语境。 答案：C 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2017·杭州毕业班第一次测试)I wanted to be just like those big kids I saw wearing their medals and carrying their ribbons (绶带). So I __1__ the crosscountry team at my school. However, I was very slow in the team. In races, I would finish almost __2__. I'd always have to __3__ in the longer races. The __4__ races and at least 100 people competing in it made me really __5__. Every time I stopped, 10 people would __6__ me. But I still couldn't push myself to keep going, even though I __7__ watching them go by me. After every race, I'd go home and burst into tears. Then one of my friends joined the crosscountry team, too. She never got tired and didn't get cramp (抽筋) in her legs. I just didn't understand how that was __8__！ I'd been running much longer than she had, but she could run __9__ while I had to suffer. She even came 8th in a big race with over 200 people in it! My __10__ was lower than ever and I wanted to quit badly. I didn't, __11__. Even a whole month before a race, I'd get so nervous that I felt like I might give up. Still, I __12__ to quit. I still had that __13__ appearing in my mind and I hung on to it. Finally, I realized the reason why the bigger races made me so nervous was that I was always worried that I wasn't __14__ for them. I started to practice at home almost every day. I __15__ a plan that had me running almost three kilometers every day, which helped me build up a steady __16__. When the time came for the big race, all the practice really __17__. I stopped only once and my pace was much better. I was __18__ of myself for sticking with it even though it was really hard and I'd even wanted to quit. I showed myself that I was __19__ enough to keep going. That was what made me feel good about myself and gave me confidence. The next time I'm faced with a tough __20__， I will know that I can take it up. None of this would ever have happened if I had quitted! 1．A.liked B．admired C．supported D．joined 2．A.best B．first C．last D．least 3．A.stop B．rest C．breathe D．suffer 4．A.exciting B．tiring C．interesting D．disturbing 5．A.nervous B．frightened C．sad D．angry 6．A.help B．encourage C．leave D．pass 7．A.missed B．hated C．avoided D．escaped 8．A.equal B．reasonable C．fair D．tolerable 9．A.quickly B．easily C．happily D．hopefully 10．A.strength B．demand C．goal D．confidence 11．A.yet B．either C．though D．still 12．A.refused B．decided C．failed D．wanted 13．A.lesson B．faith C．future D．picture 14．A.suitable B．active C．ready D．well 15．A.took out B．mapped out C．figured out D．let out 16．A.pace B．race C．will D．level 17．A.set off B．paid off C．got off D．took off 18．A.sure B．aware C．proud D．afraid 19．A.strong B．patient C．steady D．devoted 20．A.job B．sport C．competition D．challenge 语篇解读：作者羡慕大孩子戴着勋章和绶带，于是她参加了学校的越野队。虽然很难，但她坚持了 下来，并通过努力锻炼取得了很大进步。文章告诉我们这样一个道理：遇到困难和挑战时，要勇敢面对， 不放弃。 4．解析：选 B 根据上文“作者在长跑比赛中总是不得不停下来”可知，这些比赛是很累人的，再 结合下文作者与她朋友的对比“She never got tired and didn't get cramp(抽筋)in her legs.”可 知，应选 B。 5．解析：选 A 这些令人疲惫的比赛以及至少一百人参加比赛的确使作者很紧张。故 A 项正确。下 文“Even a whole month before a race, I'd get so nervous that I felt like I might give up.” 是线索提示。 6．解析：选 D 每次作者停下来，就会有 10 个人超过她。 7．解析：选 B 虽然作者讨厌看着他们超过自己，但她仍然无法说服自己继续下去。 14．解析：选 C 最终作者意识到，自己面对大赛紧张的原因是她总是担心自己没有准备好。be ready for“准备好(做某事)”。 15．解析：选 B take out“取出”；map out“仔细策划，计划”；figure out“理解”；let out“突 然发出”。此处指制订计划，故选 B。 16．解析：选 A 作者每天锻炼以帮助自己逐渐形成稳定的步伐。根据下文“I stopped only once and my pace was much better.”可知，应选 A。 17．解析：选 B 根据下文“I stopped only once and my pace was much better.”可知，作者所 有的锻炼奏效了。set off“出发”；pay off“奏效，取得成功”；get off“离开”；take off“起飞， 脱下”。故 B 项正确。 18．解析：选 C 虽然真的很难，作者甚至曾想放弃，但她坚持下来了，她为自己感到自豪。be proud of“为……感到自豪”。 19．解析：选 A 作者通过坚持不懈的努力取得了很大进步，向自己表明自己足够坚强，能够继续下 去。strong“坚强的；强大的”。符合语境。 20．解析：选 D 下次作者面临艰难的挑战的时候，她将会知道自己能应对它。challenge“挑战”， 符合语境。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Feasting on Dec 25 UK __1__ Christmas in the UK, mince pies (百果馅饼) are a popular food. They are small, sweet cakes __2__ (fill) with dried fruits such as raisins and apples. Christmas pudding is another __3__ (tradition) party food. This is a larger cake made of fruit, nuts, spices and suet. These puddings also contain alcohol (酒精) __4__ (increase) the flavor. On Christmas Day, the pudding is soaked in brandy (白兰地酒) and set on fire before it __5__ (eat)． Another common treat is eggnog, a sweet holiday drink made of milk, sugar, cream __6__ beaten eggs. It is often flavored with cinnamon (桂皮) or nutmeg. The drink __7__ (date) back to England, but __8__ later became popular in the US, Canada and elsewhere. US In the US, Christmas dinner looks like another holiday feast, __9__ Thanksgiving meal. Thus, roast turkey and ham are typical food centerpieces on Dec 25. Side dishes are similar __10__ those eaten on Thanksgiving: mashed potatoes, string beans, buttered rolls and various root vegetables. Desserts are usually pies — such as apple, pumpkin or pecan — or homemade caramels (焦糖) or shortbread (黄油甜酥饼干)． 1．On on Christmas“在圣诞节”，为固定搭配。 2．filled fill 与其逻辑主语 cakes 为被动关系，故本处填 filled 作后置定语修饰 cakes。 8．it it 指代前面的名词 the drink。 9．the 本空填定冠词 the，特指“感恩节”大餐。 10．to be similar to“与……相似”。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 【全国百强校】河北省邯郸市 2016-2017 学年高一下学期期末考试试题 假定英语课课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语 言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Now bike-sharing is becoming increasing popular. It is green means of transportation and provides a user-friendly experience. Besides, problems also arise. The bicycles are left almost in everywhere on the street. Also, many people ride the bicycles on the driveway, cause many traffic accidents. My suggestions on how to improve the situation were as follows. First of all, the city government should design certain areas for parking the bicycle. In this way, fewer people will leave the bicycles like they please. Secondly, more roads for bicycles needs to be built to make sure that cyclists aren’t caught in a traffic jam. I hope this bike-sharing project will help build better traffic or improve the air quality. 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了最近比较流行的共享单车的情况。共享单车在带来环保的 同时，也出现了一些不好的问题，比如，交通混乱，作者针对这一问题提出了一些建议。通过此文，我 们对共享单车多了一份理解，也告诫我们大家要正确使用共享单车。 1.现在共享单车变得越来越流行，副词修饰形容词，所以修饰popular的应该是副词。故将increasing 改为 increasingly。 2.“It is green means of transportation and provides a user-friendly experience. Besides, problems also arise”由前半句可知在说共享单车的好处，下一句转折到出现了一些问题，中间的词应 该表示转折关系。故将 Besides 改为 However。 3.许多人将自行车骑到了驾驶车道，造成了许多交通事故，从句中可以看出后面一句作补语，故用 现在分词的形式。故将 cause 改为 causing。 7.此句主语为 roads 道路，用的是复数，所以 need 不需要用第三人称单数的形式。故将 needs 改为 need。 8.我希望这个自行车共享项目将有助于改善交通状况，改善空气质量。由句意可知宾语部分表达意 思相近，应该用一个表示并列关系的连接词。故将 or 改为 and。 【名师点睛】 短文改错主要考查考生对文章的理解以及句子结构的分析，考生可以先通读短文，整体把握短文大 意再细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。然后逐行修改最后复读全文，验证答案。主要考查名 词单复数、动词时态语态、代词的使用、冠词的使用以及单词之间相同意思不同用法的区别。 当出现大致相同意思的单词时，在句中要仔细分析句型，看这个单词用到这儿是否合适，如果使句 子结构发生错乱或者不完整，就要找与它意思相同用法不同的单词来代替。 例如，第 6 小题，“In this way, fewer people will leave the bicycles like they please” 用这种方法，就很少有人愿意向他们那样离开自行车了，like 作介词时，其意是“像，如同”，其后需 接名词、动名词或代词等，如果该名词或代词后还要用动词才能表达某一完整的意思，那就用 as，此处 的 as 作连词。“please”在此为动词，表示“使满意”，所以需要在动词前面需要使用连词 as。故将 like 改为 as。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）【全国百强校】吉林省长春外国语学校 2016-2017 学年高二下学期期末 考试试题 假设你是李华,你校外教 David 对中国长城很感兴趣。本周六你们学校邀请清华大学的王教授到校进 行有关长城的讲座。请你给 David 发一封电子邮件,邀请他来参加讲座并向他介绍讲座的有关事宜。 1.讲座内容:长城修建原因及其建筑特点； 2.讲座的时间:5 月 7 日(星期六)上午 8:00---11:00； 3.讲座地点:3 号教学楼一楼 102 室； 4.讲座后还将有提问环节。 注意:1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。 参考词汇: 清华大学 Tsinghua University Dear David, ______________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考答案及解析】 The lecture will last three hours from 8 am to 11 am.The activity mainly consists of three parts:two-hour listening to the lecture,half an hour’s discussion and thirty-minute Confucius’ classics recitation. I will be very glad if you come.Looking forward to you early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 这是一篇提纲类作文。文章内容要点已经给出。考生在写这篇文章时，要注意以下几点： 1.通篇以一般将来时与现在时态为主。 【范文亮点】 文章以“I’m writing to invite you to the lecture on Confucius and Confucianism”开头， 直奔主题，开门见山，引出本文的主题与写信目的；“which will be made by Professor Wang from Tsinghua University”用 which 引导非限制性定语从句，对前句所提及的讲座进行补充说明；“The activity mainly consists of three parts”对讲座内容进行概述。 文章运用了“invite you to 邀请某人做某事”“As far as I know 据某人所知”“consists of 由… 组成”“Looking forward to 期望做某事”等高分词组。