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专题04阅读理解Ⅱ-细节理解题(测)-2017年高考英语二轮复习讲练测
www.ks5u.com 2017届高三二轮复习英语精品资料【测案】 专题4 阅读理解Ⅱ:细节理解题 班级 姓名 学号 分数 (测试时间:45分钟) 1.D【吉林省松原市油田高中2017届高三上学期第一次阶段性测试】 A survey has shown that what you do on a plane can be determined by which nationality is listed on your passport. According to the results of an international passenger survey. Australians are the biggest drinkers on board with 36 percent choosing to down the hatch(干杯),compared to 35 percent of Americans and 33 percent of Brits. The Airline Passenger Experience Association(APEX) spoke to around 1,500 people, aged 18 and older, who have travelled by plane at least once during the last three months and were living in the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, China, Singapore, Australia and Brazil. The results found Chinese travelers are most likely to nod off once the seat-belt sign switches off. They are also the first to take out their credit card for some in-flight shopping and the biggest fans of gaming. Americans on the other hand like to use their time in the air more productively-when not drinking-choosing to work while flying at 35,000 feet. Meanwhile, Brits and Germans are the best at making chat with random strangers-spending 50 percent more time than any other nationality. Comparatively, Brazilians conduct their conversations online via email, messaging apps or social media. Despite plane food having a bad reputation, seven out of ten interviewees said they were happy to eat up on the selection of in-flight snacks and meals. In-flight magazines were also popular with four out of five passengers. The international flyers did however express their desire for better in-flight entertainment.”The industry has greatly improved the comfort, entertainment and onboard service, and passengers are accepting those improvements,” said R ussell Lemieux, APEX executive director” At the same time, passengers are demanding more from their air travel experiences which will drive more improvements touching all aspects of the journey. ”he added. 32. What can you probably see in the flight according to the passage? A. Germans chat to kill the time. B. Brazilians choose to drink. C. Americans do in-flight shopping. D. The Chinese switch off the seat-belt sign. 33.When on board the plane,______. A. passengers from one nation have little in common B. most passengers like to read in-flight magazines C. more than half of the passengers don’t enjoy plane food D. most people tend to use in-flight time to have a good sleep. 34. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Flyers care little about entertainment. B. Flyers are not satisfied with the improvements. C. Flyers are expecting better flight experiences. D. Flyers have more and more demands from airlines. 33.B事实细节题。根据题干信息,答案定位在第六段最后一句话,In-flight magazines were also popular with four out of five passengers.可知答案为B。 34.C事实细节题。根据题干信息,答案定位在最后一段。The international flyers did however express their desire for better in-flight entertainment.”express their desire for 跟expect 意思相同,故答案为C。 2.【甘肃省兰州市第一中学2017届高三上学期期中考试】 With hospitals and nursing homes tending to thousands of patients every year accidents can and do happen. These incidents whether they are through carelessness or otherwise, can leave patients feeling powerless. That’s not the case. “There is growing public awareness. People are feeling they have more rights and they have tools in hand to make a complaint,” said Ralph Montano, spokesman for the California Department of Public Health, which regulates hospitals and long-term care facilities in the state. That department received more than 6000 complaints about hospitals in 2007; in the most recent year statistics are available. The complaints can be about mixed-up lab results, medicine errors, foreign objects left in a patient during surgery or a host of other topic. Similarly, the California department of Aging received 43,000 nursing home complaints in 2014. Some said patient abuse or neglect of patients; others reported missing items. And some commented on the quality of the food. But finding the channels through them to put forward a complaint can be tiring and time consumption. Many consumers simply don’t bother, and some become lost in the system. Whether the complaint is against a hospital or a long-term care facility, the process is similar—and many people can help, including the facility’s staff, insurance company representatives and state regulators. If you want to make a complaint while in the hospital, Patti Harvey, vice president of quality and patient care services for Kaiser Permanente in Southern California, recommends talking with the bedside nurse. If that doesn’t work, you can talk with other people higher in the chain of command, up to the hospital administrator. If the problem isn’t still taken care of—say you disagree with your treatment plan or have a problem with your doctor—member service offices at each hospital can help address your concerns. 1. Why are there more complaints from patients? A. Because there are more departments to deal with complaints. B. Because in the hospital there are more accidents than before. C. Because it’s convenient for people to put forward complaints. D. Because hospitals have more and more rights. 2. Many consumers don’t make a complaint because __________. A. complaints are bad for a long-term care facility B. few accidents happen C. many complaints are lost D. it takes time to make a complaint 3. The last paragraph mainly tells us _________. A. to solve problems with the hospital quickly B. something about Patti Harvey C. how to make complaints in the hospital D. we should say we disagree with the treatment plan 4. Who can help if you complain against a hospital or a long-term care facility? A. Jack—a representative of an insurance company. B. Peter—a medical officer from the government. C. Rudy—a headmaster of a medical university. D. Tom—a teacher of a medical school. 【解析】 2.D细节理解题 根据第五段第一句But finding the channels through them to put forward a complaint can be tiring and time consumption.提出抱怨太麻烦还很耗费时间。故选D。 3.C细节理解题 根据最后一段第一句If you want to make a complaint while in the hospital这是本段的中心句,在医院怎么投诉。故选C。 4.A细节理解题 根据倒数第二段最后一句Whether the complaint is against a hospital or a long-term care facility, the process is similar--- and many people can help, including the facility’s staff, insurance company representatives and state regulators. Jack是一家保险公司的代表。故选A。 【名师点睛】 细节题正确选项通常有以下特征: 1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词,成为正确选项。 2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性,或者改变原文句子的语态,给考生制造障碍。 3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化,成为正确答案。 4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。 1.C细节理解题 根据第二段第一句“There is growing public awareness. People are feeling they have more rights and they have tools in hand to make a complaint,”人们觉得他们有更多的权利和途径来提出自己要抱怨的事情。故选C。 3.【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2017届高三上学期期中考试】 The Greatest Navigational Journey In 1787 Captain Bligh was given command of “The Bounty”, a three-year-old merchant ship. His mission was to transport breadfruit plants from the island of Tahiti to the West Indies. We know the popular story of this voyage and the rebellion, in which Bligh has been presented as hard, violent and thoroughly unpleasant captain. However, there is quite a lot of evidence to suggest that this picture is far from being true. He seems to have been unusually thoughtful about the health and welfare of his men. For example he made sure that his crew got exercise, insisted on cleanliness on his ship, and adopted the practice of giving them a drink which prevented scurvy every day. When Captain Bligh arrived in Tahiti, it became clear that it would be some months before the breadfruit trees were ready to be taken to the West Indies. Instead of going off right away, he gave his crew extended shore leave. This may have been a mistake as many were unhappy about leaving when the time came. Finally, on the return journey the rebellion took place. The ship was under the command of the rebels and Captain Bligh had to leave in a small boat. Captain Bligh’s achievement was to get to dry land successfully. It is one of the supreme examples of seamanship. Apart from Bligh there were 18 members of his crew sailing in an open boat about 23 feet long and 7 feet wide. They took with them 25 gallons of water, 150 pounds of bread and 30 pounds of pork. They had no guns or other weapons. The boat was so low in the water that it seemed likely to sink at any time. On one occasion Captain Bligh tried to land on an island to get more water. He and his men were attacked by hostile natives and one of the crew was killed. At this point Bligh decided to sail directly to the Dutch settlement on the island of Timor without stopping. The distance was about 4,000 miles. The voyage took about 42 days and he had no advanced navigational equipment. However, his skill and commitment proved equal to the task and amazingly no one else died. It was truly a remarkable achievement. 25. What is the popularly held view of Captain Bligh according to Paragraph 1? A. He was skillful. B. He was thoughtful. C. He was determined. D. He was unpleasant. 26. It may have been a mistake that Bligh gave his crew extended shore leave because it caused ________. A. the lack of drink B. the death of the tress C. the unhappiness about leaving D. the challenges facing the small boat 27. What problem did Bligh and his 18 men face after the rebellion ? A. The threat from the rebels. B. Conflicts with local people. C. Attacks from marine animals. D. The possible sinking of the boat. 4.【河北省保定市2017届高三11月摸底考试】 Why not create new memories to share with your children? Remember as a kid how thrilled you were to spend quality time outdoors with your family? Together in the fresh air, playing catch, fishing on a boat or building sand castles, you hoped that these loving, fun-filled moments would last forever. Here are 4 ways to create memorable experiences with your kids this summer. Hit the beach Pack your bathing suits, sun cream and towels - a beach bound adventure offers warm memories for all family members. Remember swimming in warm water at the shoreline, playing among the sands, and diving into the refreshing surf after a game of beach volleyball? You can recreate these happy experiences. Play Street Hockey(曲棍球) The best thing about summer street hockey is that loved ones of all skill levels can join in for an afternoon of physical activity, outdoor fun and competition. Channel your inner Sidney Crosby or Hayley Wickenheiser and see who can score the most goals. Camp Sleep under the stars, cook on a campfire and swim in a stream - camping in the great outdoors is a sure way to have wonderful family memories. Some campsites offer equipment such as full bathrooms, showers and sleeping bags. For more information visit Parks Canada’s website. Take a Road Trip Traveling along the highway with the windows down, wind rushing through your hair and the radio turned up loud enough for you to sing along. Who didn’t love a summertime journey in the backseat of their parents’ car as a kid? This summer, give your kids a taste of what you enjoyed at their age. Take a family road trip exploring together. 26. “Hit the Beach” can help you do the following things except_______. A. swimming in the deep sea B. building sand castles C. diving into the refreshing surf D. playing beach volleyball 27. If you enjoy sleeping under the stars with your kids, _________ is your best choice. A. "Play Street Hockey" B. "Take a Road Trip" C. "Camp" D. "Hit the Beach" 28. What does the author suggest doing for taking the road trip? A. Taking along enough food B. Bringing sleeping bags C. Packing your sun cream D. Sing along to music 27.C细节理解题。根据Camp中Sleep under the stars, cook on a campfire and swim in a stream - camping in the great outdoors is a sure way to have wonderful family memories.可知如果你喜欢和孩子在星星下面睡觉,最好的选择就是“Camp”,故选C。 28.D细节理解题。根据设问的内容可知本题涉及到the road trip,故做此题必须根据最后一段内容而定,然后用代入法将相关选项代入,由第一句句末可直接得出答案为D. 【名师点睛】 细节题的破解一般采用寻读法,即先看试题,再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位,再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比,有根有据地排除干扰项,选出正确答案。26.A细节理解题。根据Hit the beach中Remember swimming in warm water at the shoreline, playing among the sands, and diving into the refreshing surf after a game of beach volleyball?可知在Hit the beach中不能体验“深海游泳”。故选A。 考点:考查应用文阅读 5.【安徽师范大学附属中学2017届高三上学期期中】 Welcome to Adventureland! Everyone loves Adventureland! The Parks and Exhibitions were built for you to explore(探索), enjoy, and admire their wonders. Every visit will be an unforgettable experience. You will go away enriched, longing to come back. What are you going to do this time? The Travel Pavilion Explore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life. Visit the Amazon jungle(丛林)village, the Turkish market, the Tai floating market, the Berber mountain house and others. Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives, and things they make. You can try making a carpet, making nets, fishing… The Future Tower This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then. Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator(模拟装置)for the Journey to Mars! The Nature Park This is not really one park but several. In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers: see lions, giraffes, elephants in the wild. Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales. And then there is still the Aviary to see… The Pyramid This is the center of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping center. Come here for information and ideas too. 21.The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors . A.realize the importance of travelling B.learn something about different places in the world C.learn how to make things such as fishing nets D.become familiar with mountain countries 22.If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit . A.the Travel Pavilion B.the Pyramid C.the Safari Park D.the Future Tower 23.If you want to get a toy lion to take home, where will you most likely go? A.The Pyramid. B.The Nature Park. C.The Future Tower. D.The Travel Parvilion. 22.D细节题:根据This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then.可知如果你对未来的生活感兴趣,你可以参观the Future Tower,答案为D. 23.A细节题:根据This is the center of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards and stamps. For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping center. Come here for information and ideas too. 可知如果你想要把一个玩具狮子带回家,你可以去The Pyramid.。 【名师点睛】 关于细节理解题 用细节定位法:细节理解题属直接解答性问题,是阅读理解题中最简单的一种,多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于高考所占的比例很大,应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是:把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达,即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是:A)注意掌握英语的多种表达法;B)正确分析词语在句中的作用;C)熟练运用英语的句型转换;D)读懂题干所提出的问题,并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。 考点:考查广告布告类阅读 6.【山西省山西大学附属中学2016届高三10月月考,C】 Welcome to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex, England. The castle has a history of nearly 1000 years and has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films. The Gardens The White Garden is planted with soft white Iceberg Roses, and Snow White Lilies. The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned English roses that are at their very best in June and July. The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruit and vegetables, pears, cherries and apples. The Castle Shop In the Castle Shop, you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods, china, books, and stationery (文具)are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only. At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products. The Arundel Festival 2014 Saturday 16th to Monday 25th August The annual Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing, diverse and easily accessible arts festivals in the UK, offering a mix of visual arts, music, theatre and street entertainment. Parking Coaches and mini-buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance. Please inform us when making your booking of how many parking permits are required. 9.When visiting the castle, you can________. A. get old-fashioned English roses as gifts B. buy eco-friendly products in the Castle Shop C. get seasonal fruit and vegetables for free D. see how the local gifts are being made 10.How long does the Arundel Festival last this year? A. 10 days B. One week C. 16 days D. One month 11.Where can you park the coach? A. In Mill Road B. Inside the Castle C. In the main town car park D. At the main Castle entrance 【答案】 9.B 10.A 11.C 7.【河北省定州中学2016届高三上学期第三次月考,D】 Mosquitoes have an extraordinary ability to target humans far away and fly straight to their unprotected skin. Regrettably,mosquitoes can do more than cause an itchy(发痒的)wound. Some mosquitoes spread several serious diseases,including Dengue, yellow fever and malaria. Over one million people worldwide die from these diseases each year. New research now shows how mosquitoes choose who to bite. Mosquitoes need blood to survive. They are attracted to human skin and breath. They smell the carbon dioxide gas,which all mammals breathe out. This gas is the main way for mosquitoes to know that a warm-blooded creature is nearby. But mosquitoes also use their eyes and sense of touch. Michael Dickinson is a professor at the California Institute of Technology. His research shows how these small insects,with even smaller brains,use three senses to find a blood meal. Michael Dickinson’s team used plumes—a material that rises into the air of carbon dioxide gas into a wind tunnel. They then used cameras to record the mosquitoes. The insects followed the plume. Then,the scientists placed dark objects on the lighter colored floor and walls of the tunnel. Mr Dickinson said,at first,the mosquitoes showed no interest in the objects at all. “What was quite striking and quite surprising is that the mosquitoes fly back and forth for hours. These are hungry females and they completely ignore the objects on the floor and wall of the tunnel. But the moment they get a hit of CO2,they change their behavior quite obviously and now would become attracted to these little visual blobs (斑点).” This suggested to the researchers that a mosquito’s sense of smell is more important in the search for food. Once mosquitoes catch a smell of a human or animal,they also follow visual signals. 32. What do mosquitoes mainly use to find their targets? A. Sense of smell. B. Sense of touch. C. Sense of sight. D. Smart brains.33. The first response of the mosquitoes to the objects in the experiment is . A. to fly to the dark ones B. to catch and stick to them C. to take no notice of them D. to attach themselves to them 【答案】 32.A 33.C 8.【贵州省遵义航天高级中学2016届高三第四次模拟,A】 In 1978, I was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney, Australia. I was looking forward to having five days off from duty. Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车). I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me. Finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon. He said that although he couldn’t give me a lift, I should come back to his house for lunch. He noticed me standing for hours in the November heat and thought I must be hungry. I was doubtful as a young girl but he assured (使…放心)me I was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards. When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home. Twenty-five years later, in 2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat, trying to hitch a ride. I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water. After a few moments of small talk, the man said to me, “You haven’t changed a bit, even your red hair is still the same.” I couldn’t remember where I’d met him. He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon. 21. The author had to hitch a ride one day in 1978 because . A. her work delayed her trip to SydneyB. she missed the only train back home C. she was going home for her holidays D. the town was far away from Sydney 22. Which of the following did Gordon do according to Paragraph 2? A. He helped the girl find a ride. B. He gave the girl a ride back home. C. He bought sandwiches for the girl. D. He watched the girl for three hours. 23. The reason why the author offered a lift to the elderly man was that . A. she realized he was Gordon B. she had known him for decades C. she was going to the nearby town D. she wanted to repay the favour she once got 【答案】 21.B 22.A 23.D 9.【山西省晋中市四校(晋商四校)2016届高三上学期期中联考,B】 If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station, you don't need to feel surprised. They are a flash mob(暴民). Who are they? Are they mobs? Don't be confused by their name. Actually, a flash mob is a group of people who gather suddenly in a public place, do something unusual for a brief period of time, and then quickly disappear. They are usually organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks. The messages may be sent to friends, who send to more people. At a predetermined time, they gather and perform some activities such as exchanging books, coming together to look at the sky, waving their hands and yelling something at the top of their voice for 30 seconds. Then, they quickly disappear before the police can arrive. Using mobile phones, the flash mob can change its place if the first one has been cancelled for any reason. Bill Wasik, senior editor of Harper's Magazine, organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003 and the first successful flash mob gathered on June 3, 2003. Wasik claimed that he created the flash mob as a social experiment designed to laugh at fashion seekers and stress the cultural atmosphere of wanting to be an insider or part of “the next big thing”. Flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock people. Such an activity might seem amusing and magical, but it also might frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. Undoubtedly, flash mob can serve as good political tools and have great potential, such as using flash mob to advertise a product. The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular. People use it to do many things. For example, in 2009, Michael Jackson’s fans took part in a flash mob to remember him. Hundreds of his fans gathered singing and dancing Michael’s famous song “Beat It” together. Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory. 25.What is NOT the feature of the flash mob? A. It can get together quickly. B. It can change its place freely. C. It can do activities suddenly. D. It can injure people seriously. 26.How do flash mobs inform one another? ①By using the Internet. ②By writing letters. ③By yelling. ④By waving hands. ⑤By using mobile phones. ⑥By holding a meeting. A. ③④ B. ①⑤ C. ②⑥ D. ⑤⑥ 27.Why did Bill Wasik create the flash mob? A. To advertise some products. B. To help people make friends. C. To laugh at fashion seekers. D. To create some memories. 【答案】 25.D 26.B 27.C 10.【吉林省东北师范大学附属中学2016届高三上学期第三次模拟,C】 You choose to be a winner! The Winners club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has been made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account(交易账户) where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7 – that’s 24 hours a day, 7 days a week! It’s a club with impressive features for teenagers. l No account keeping fees! You’re no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees ! l Excellent interest rates! You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make a least two deposits (储蓄)without taking them out in a month. l Convenient Teenagers are busy—we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet …You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job! l Maga magazine included Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members. The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian(so we can organize that cool key-card) but it is easy. We can’t wait to hear from you. It’s the best way to choose to be a winner! 28. The Winners Club is a bank account intended for ________. A. parents B. teenagers C. winners D. adults 29. The Winners Club provides magazines which ________. A. encourage spending B. are free to all teenagers C. are full of adventure stories D. help to make more of your money 30. If you want to be a member of the Club, you must ________. A. be an Internet user B. be permitted by your parent C. have a big sum of money D. be in your twenties 31. What is the purpose of this text? A. To set up a club. B. To provide part-time jobs. C. To organize key-cards. D. To introduce a new banking service. 【答案】 28.B 29.D 30.B 31.D 29.D细节题。根据第四部分You may never need to come to a bank at all. 你可能从来不需要来到银行。 With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet···使用the Winners Club你可以从家里用手机选择使用方便的出纳员和银行。你能选择,说明使用该服务非常方便,故D正确。 30.B细节题。根据倒数第三行You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian说明你必须得到父母的允许,故D正确。 查看更多