专题25新题型——七选五阅读理解-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

专题25新题型——七选五阅读理解-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

‎ ‎ ‎【2019年高考命题预测】‎ 预测一 “七选五”型阅读理解题，试题模式为：给出一篇缺少五个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。” 预测二 文章的篇幅较短，词数多为250～300，兼顾多种体裁，通常有记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，要求考生充分利用所给信息，具备高效处理信息的能力，还要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。‎ 预测三 考查对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。‎ ‎【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布 从2016年开始，全国大部分省份将采用新课标全国卷。新课标全国卷中的阅读填空要求考生"明确、深刻地理解一篇文章，对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。"‎ ‎ 此题型文章中有5处空白，在阅读过程中，如果不明白文章的主旨和段落主题、作者的写作意图，就很难顺畅地读下去、读明白，自然就很难选出正确答案。而一个空填错势必又影响到对另外一个空的选择。另外，此题有5个空白处，却提供7个选项，因此有2个选项是多余的干扰选项，从而又加大了选出正确答案的难度。 　　该题型要求同学们从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。‎ 如果说通常意义上的高考英语完形填空题是词法和句法范围内的考察，是语言表达的基本单位,属于语言的组织规律,那么阅读填空题就是章法范围内的考查,是语言使用的范畴,属于言语的组织规律,简单地说,前者侧重语言的结构--语法,而后者侧重语言的使用--章法.‎ ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 根据出题形式的不同,填空类题型可以分为句子填空题,段落摘要,带选项的段落摘要等题型。.传统的分题型讲解的方法倾向于把这些题型拆开,这些题型的出题思路大同小异,一旦掌握了这些题目的共性,做题就会变得易如反掌。‎ ‎1．考查内容均为细节 每一道填空题的题目基本上都是对原文的一句话或者几句话进行的同义改写,不会出现对多句话或者是整段进行的概括归纳.‎ ‎2．所填答案基本唯一 虽然这种考试需要考生自己书写答案,但是所有答案均来自于原文,不需要考生用自己的语言对原词进行改写.极个别情况下会出现词序颠倒,但是基本上不需要考生进行词性.时态.单复数等曲折形式的转换.这是由阅读的目的所决定的,只考查考生的阅读能力,而无意检验考生的写作能力.‎ ‎3．凸显构成语段的方式 一是靠句际间意义的结合,二是靠句际间的关联词,逻辑性插入语来连接,我们在分析语段层次时,可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断,但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系,把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点,理清层次,好文章的层次非矴逦?只有层层入手,才能真正理解文章.‎ ‎ 通过对高考中“七选五”型阅读理原题以及大量同类试题研究可知，此类试题虽然新颖，但是也有其特有的解题规律，主要注重解题的窍门和方法，成功闯关，选准答案的难度并不大。 根据作者归纳的解题方法和窍门，为帮助同学们记忆和使用，特将此方法归结为“通读全文、详读段落、定位选项、通读复检、确定排除”五步解题法。以下就此方法进行分析，希望此方法能为同学们的解题提供助力。‎ 步骤一：通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。‎ 在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为开门见山与结尾总结的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为•结尾总结:式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段 与末段的提示作用。‎ 步骤二：详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。‎ ‎　　文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。‎ ‎　　步骤三：定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。‎ ‎　　在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。‎ 一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。‎ ‎　　步骤四：通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。  ‎ ‎　　在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。‎ ‎ 步骤五：确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。‎ 在检查后，应再次查看所排除选项，进一步确定排除理由，以防造成易混选项误选。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【三年高考】 16、17、18高考试题及其解析 ‎2018年高考阅读填空 ‎【2018·全国I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Color is fundamental in home design——something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?____36____, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.‎ Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.____37____, they can get a little complex .But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.‎ ‎____38____. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mirrors and baskets that ‎ most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable .‎ Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves ____39____. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.‎ The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.____40____.‎ A. While all of them are useful ‎ B. Whatever you’re looking for ‎ C. If you’re experimenting with a color ‎ D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with ‎ E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces ‎ F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time ‎ G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways ‎【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. G 40. F ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。‎ ‎38. 本空是一个主题句，总说选择小颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小颜色的具体用途。故选D。‎ ‎39. 根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是对小型颜色选择在两种方式上的进一步提示，故选G。‎ ‎40. 前文the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的。后文F那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好。故选F。‎ 点睛：关键词法解决阅读填空题是一种有效的方法。做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。‎ ‎37题A选项中的them 指代上文中的 different techniques 和下文中的they 指代内容相同。‎ ‎38题上一段末尾提到要介绍三种颜色选择，本段详细介绍第一种small color choice.选项和语段中都有关键词small color choice。‎ ‎39题本段主要内容是medium color choice, 前半句承接上文中medium是small的升级，后半句引出下文的两种方式。关键词：two major ways和…and …。‎ ‎【2018·全国II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. ___36___ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.‎ Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.___37___‎ Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. ___38___ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.‎ ‎___39___ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.‎ ‎___40___ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.‎ There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.‎ A. You will stick to your diet.‎ B. Your quality of sleep improves.‎ C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.‎ D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.‎ E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.‎ F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.‎ G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!‎ ‎【答案】36. G 37. E ‎ ‎38. F 39. B ‎ ‎40. A ‎【解析】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。‎ ‎36. 根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!（那么请仔细听!）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。‎ ‎37. 根据上一句Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。‎ ‎38. 空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。‎ ‎39. 此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。‎ ‎40. 根据空后句子“If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。）”，A项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。‎ 点睛：七选五题型，要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。本篇文章采用总分总的结构，第一段和最后一段是总述，中间是分述，中间每段都是主题句加分述句构成。‎ ‎【2018·全国III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between.‎ ‎___36___We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.‎ ‎“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine ‎ doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. ____37____It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life."‎ ‎___38___"I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. _____39_____”‎ So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says,“Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better.____40____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive."‎ A. So why do we dance?‎ B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.‎ C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.‎ D. My older students say it makes them feel young.‎ E. I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired.‎ F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.‎ G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.‎ ‎【答案】36. B 37. D ‎ ‎38. A 39. F ‎ ‎40. E ‎【解析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。‎ 学.‎ ‎37. 根据前文舞蹈课为各个年龄阶段的人架起了桥梁，教跳舞是非常好的，再根据后句it’s great to watch them，根据人称可知是在谈论他们，所以D和F符合，再根据本段最后一句可知，此段主要介绍了跳舞对他们的好处，故选D。‎ ‎38. 根据第四段后句，是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因，故选A。‎ ‎39. 根据前句they arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile,‎ ‎ 所以他们的心情彻底改变，故选F。‎ ‎40. 根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以E符合语境，作者结合自己的跳舞经历介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第2小题中的“them”，第5小题中的“I”，第1小题中的from Florida to Alaska，均与上下文或选项中有相呼应的词语。‎ ‎【2018·浙江卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. _____31_____‎ Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. ____32____ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.‎ Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously,. When going for a walk. Take a small garbage bag. _____33_____ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.‎ ‎______34______ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.‎ ‎______35______ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.‎ A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.‎ B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.‎ C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.‎ D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.‎ E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.‎ F. People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.‎ G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly ‎【答案】31. G 32. F ‎ ‎33. E 34. B ‎ ‎35. C ‎【解析】怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人，作者给了几点建议。‎ ‎31. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲如果你想成为邻居中一个可以接受和有价值的部分，最简单的方法就是确保你的行为举止像一个好邻居。下文是具体做法，G项：这里有一些技巧，可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信赖。承上启下，故选G。‎ ‎32. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍和邻居关系融洽最重要的是保持干净整洁的户内户外环境，F项中keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. 保持街上的一切新鲜和诱人，与本段意思一致，故选F。‎ ‎33. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌，出门拿上一个垃圾袋，E项：遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。与上句连接，是拿垃圾袋的作用。故选E。‎ ‎34. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们，同时尊重邻居的隐私。B项：好邻居就是喜欢在小的方面帮助别人的人，符合本段内容，故选B。‎ ‎35. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。最后一段是总结，只要我们考虑周到，尊重他人，照顾好属于自己的东西，为周围的人感到自豪，很快就会成为一个大家都喜欢的好邻居。C项中considerate behavior是下文内容的概括，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。‎ 分析本文的语篇结构，可以知道第一段先引出话题，本段最后一句是文章的主题句，然后接下来各段都是阐述一种方法，是总分总结构。每段开头都是本段的主题句，要弄清每段主题句和段落内容的联系，判断正确答案。小题3本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌，出门拿上一个垃圾袋，E项：遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。与上句连接，是拿垃圾袋的作用。故选E。‎ ‎【2018·北京卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Why Do We Get Angry?‎ ‎ Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. 51 ‎ Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. ____52____ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits. ‎ Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 53 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.‎ ‎ 54 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.‎ ‎ 55 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.‎ A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.‎ B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.‎ C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.‎ D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.‎ E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.‎ F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.‎ G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person ‎ may or may not trigger another.‎ Q1[2018·北京卷]‎ ‎【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。文章按照总-分-总的结构讲述了人愤怒的三个原因——触发事件、个人特征和对环境的评估。希望通过了解这三个原因，我们能更好地控制自己的情绪。‎ ‎51. F　本句作为第一段中的最后一句话，显然应该是总括性的句子。F选项中对于了解这些原因对我们控制情绪的好处恰好符合这一特征，故选F。‎ ‎52. G　根据下一句中“why someone is triggered by something and others are not”可知，前文中提到了每个人的触发事件都各不相同，G选项中“what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.”恰好提到了这一点，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎54. A　本文为总-分-总结构，按照第一段的顺序，此段应该讲assessment of situations，故选A。‎ ‎55. D　根据后文“However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.”可知，前面一句应该是说生气有其存在的合理性。故选D。‎ ‎17高考试题 ‎[2017·浙江卷6月考]‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to do manonthestreet interviews The manonthestreet interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.__31__ But with these tips, your first manonthestreet interview experience can be easy.‎ ‎●When your boss or professor sends you out to do manonthestreet interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America？” __32__‎ ‎●Hit the streets with confidence. __33__ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.‎ ‎●Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Don't get discouraged.‎ ‎● __34__ Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won't be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. __35__ ‎ ‎● If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don't leave work without them.‎ A. Limit your time.‎ B. As you approach people, be polite.‎ C. If you don't own a camera, you can buy one.‎ D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.‎ E．To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.‎ F．That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.‎ G．With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何成功地做好街边的随机采访。‎ ‎31. D　考查语境理解及主题句。该句用来引入本文的话题。根据下文“But with these tips…”可知，街头的随机采访对于初入职场的新闻工作者来说是富有挑战性的工作，但有了以下指点，你就能得心应手了，所以选用D选项。‎ ‎32. G　考查上下文的语境理解。本选项是结尾句。由其前“Why do you think…”等可知，提问不要使用可以用“Yes”或“No”来简单回答的问题，而应该采用些能让被采访者多说话的问题，由此选用G选项。‎ ‎33. B　考查上下文的语境理解。本选项是连接句。由该句前面的confidence和下文的“‘…Excuse me…’”可知，提问者要自信，同时也要有礼貌，所以选用B选项。‎ ‎34. A　考查段落主题句。由其后的“…shouldn't be longer than ten minutes…move on to the next ‎ person.”可知，采访的时间要控制，不可过长，所以选用A选项。‎ ‎35. F　考查上下文的语境理解。本选项是段中结尾句。根据上文的“ A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.”可知，采访的次数要适当，6～10次为宜，这个数量的采访就可以使你获得你需要的所有答案，所以选用F选项。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, illcooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. __36__‎ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. __37__ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning.‎ I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another funfilled holiday in the wilderness. __38__ Instead, we had a popup camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My natureloving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. ‎ ‎__39__ We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twentyeightfoot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a builtin TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. ‎ ‎__40__ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.‎ A．This time there was no tent.‎ B．Things are going to be improved.‎ C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.‎ D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.‎ E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. ‎ F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.‎ G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的野营车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一种方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。‎ ‎36. D　根据前文可知，三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营。此处暗示作者对待露营的态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however起到了很好的转折作用。其次，“If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping…”暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的since then“自从那时候起”和前文时间吻合。故选D。‎ ‎37. C　根据后文的“We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.”可知，作者第一次露营时条件很艰苦。C选项“The trip they took me on was a rough one.”中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎38. A　根据前文“We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.”可知，作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡和上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中“Instead, we had a popup camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.”说明作者第二次露营时有床有空调，而A选项“This time there was no tent.”(这次没有帐篷了)暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎40. E　根据后文“It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.”可知，作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项“I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.”(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营)既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了后文。故选E。‎ ‎ [2017·全国卷Ⅱ]‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done. __36__，there are several ways to handle things. Let's take a look at them now.‎ ‎__37__．Tell the person you're sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ‎ ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.‎ When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you'll find them then. __38__. It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.‎ When you need to talk to someone，don't do it in your own office. __39__， it's much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.‎ If you have a door to your office，make good use of it. __40__. If someone knocks and it's not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy so they can get the hint (暗示) that when the door is closed，you're not to be disturbed.‎ A．If you're busy, don’t feel bad about saying no B．When you want to avoid interruptions at work C．Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes D．If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E．It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F．It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G．Leave it open when you're available to talk and close it when you're not ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了有效应对他人的过度打扰的方法。‎ ‎36. B　考查语境理解及主题句。根据后文可知，针对他人的打扰，下文将教你在你忙得不可开交时如何应对。‎ ‎37. A　考查上下文的语境理解。下文“…you have a million things to do…”(要做的事太多)，与A选项信息中的busy形成信息对接。‎ ‎38. E　考查上下文的语境理解。前句说需要让对方知道你安排了见面时间，该句说明其重要性，后句说这样可以消除后续烦扰。此处围绕时间安排进行讨论，主题明了。‎ ‎39. D　考查上下文的语境理解。前句提倡不要在自己的办公室会见别人，后文提倡去会见者的办公室谈事，自己谈完可以随时退出，减少他人的无端打扰。‎ ‎40. G　考查上下文的语境理解。有空时打开办公室大门，让对方知道你有空谈事，而自己正忙时关闭房门可避免打扰。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wakeup lies in resetting your body clock. __36__ Here's how to make one.‎ ‎●__37__ In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.‎ ‎●Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider rearranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. __38__ That's a quarterhour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.‎ ‎●Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you're tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. __39__ ‎ ‎●Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you've tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. __40__ If not, take another look at other methods you could try.‎ A．Get a sleep specialist.‎ B．Find the right motivation.‎ C．A better plan for sleep can help.‎ D．And consider setting a second alarm.‎ E．If the steps you take are working, keep it up.‎ F．Stick to your set bedtime and wakeup time, no matter the day.‎ G．Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条关于调整好生物钟的建议。‎ ‎36. C　上一句说的是生物钟的作用，下一句介绍的是如何调整生物钟，该空承上启下，故选C。‎ ‎37. B　本空为该部分的主题句。下面的几个问题是让读者明白自己做事的目的，也就是动机，故选B项。‎ ‎38. G 　该题属于细节题，可以利用关键词确定答案。G选项中的15 minutes就是下文所说的a ‎ quarterhour。‎ ‎39. F　由主题句可知，该段告诉我们要坚持自己的休息时间表(Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends.)。故选F项。 ‎ ‎40. E　下文说的是“If not…”，意思是“如果不……”，与E选项中的“If the steps you take…”对应，由此可知答案。‎ ‎[2017·北京卷]‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep，they die within a month. __71__ ‎ One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. __72__ We know that，while awake，fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强)connections between brain cells，but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.‎ Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight，making room for fresh memories to form the next day. __73__ ‎ Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. __74__ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep，showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.‎ If Tononi's theory is right，it would explain why，when we miss a night's sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information—our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.‎ Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. __75__ “You keep what matters，”Tononi says.‎ A．We should also try to sleep well the night before.‎ B．It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.‎ C．Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.‎ D．The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.‎ E．That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.‎ F．“Sleep is the price we pay for learning，” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.‎ G．Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.‎ ‎【文章大意】文章为说明文，讲的是动物为什么要睡眠，并给出两种观点：“帮助增强新的记忆”和“为新记忆腾地方”。 而后一种观点有实验的支持，为越来越多的人所认可。同时，研究人员也指出，重要的记忆是不会被清除的，而是被保留下来，成为永久记忆。‎ ‎72．E　第二段首句提出了第一个观点：睡眠帮助我们增强新的记忆。这就解释了为什么学生们在学习之后开始睡觉会在考试中发挥得更好。所以答案选 E。‎ ‎73．F　该空为第三段最后一句话，是对整段内容的总结：睡眠会使有些记忆衰弱，从而为新记忆腾出空间。按Tononi的话说，即“睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价”。故答案为F。‎ ‎74．G　该空为第四段第二句话。 第四段首句说现在我们有直接证据证明 Tononi 的观点是对的， 那接下来讲的应该是Tononi团队是如何通过实验证明的， G选项指出了实验是怎么做的，故选G。‎ ‎75．B　只有B项中“preserving its most important memories”与后句“…you keep what matters…”相呼应。也就是说， 重要的记忆会被保留下来。故选B。‎ ‎16高考试题 ‎1.【2016·全国新课标I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 ‎ Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.‎ ‎ People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.‎ ‎ There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”‎ ‎38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of ‎ the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”‎ ‎ A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.‎ A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. ‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎36.-40 D E G.F A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了密码的设置和破解的方法。比如利用该字母在字母表中排序的数字来代表该字母，或者利用一些单词的首字母来组成一个密码等。‎ ‎36.D考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D项内容As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。‎ ‎37.E考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断E选项内容符合语境逻辑。‎ ‎38.G考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法，故G选项内容 Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.符合语境。‎ ‎39.F考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据后面的举例以及前句中的 a code book可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用，故判断F选项With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.可以起到承上启下的作用。‎ ‎40.A考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。‎ 考点：七选五阅读理解。‎ ‎【归纳总结】七选五阅读填空考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题技巧如下：1.注重句式的对接，比如排比句，祈使句等。2. 注重词汇的衔接：也就是利用上下文所重复的关键词，即词的复现原则进行判断，其中包括同义词，原词和反义词的复现。3.注重举例或解释等。如37题和39题只需要利用for example来进行解题。‎ ‎2.【2016·全国新课标II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ A garden that’s just right for you Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 16 . But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.‎ ‎●___17 ‎ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 18 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.‎ ‎●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories ‎ Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 19 --how being ‎ in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 20 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.‎ A. Know why you garden B. Find a good place for your own garden C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have ‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的的具体建议。‎ ‎16.F 根据前两句提出：你是否参观过那些让你感觉非常好的花园？你也可以自己搞一个属于你自己的花园。故F项“你也可以把你自己的花园搞得那么美好”符合上下文串联。‎ ‎17.A 根据本段前两句“Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).”可知不同人对花园有不同的看法，再倒数第二句“然而，有很多能够解释你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺。故A项正确。‎ ‎19.C 根据前句“......那些都不重要”可知划线句强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文串联。‎ ‎20.G 本部分介绍如果我们自己建一个花园，要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园，并把这些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故G项与上下文一致。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 本文【小题17】属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题我们根据倒数第二句“However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.”可知我们首先要知道为什么要搞园艺。故A项为本段主题句。‎ ‎ 当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：‎ ‎ 1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。‎ ‎ 2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有   某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。 ‎ 考点：考查说明文阅读 ‎3.【2016·全国新课标III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎ Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 16 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 17 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.‎ ‎ 18 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 19 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.‎ ‎ There are many common methods used to cook fish.   20   First, lean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.‎ A. Do not buy it. B. The easiest is to steam it. ‎ C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. E. The fish will go bad within hours. F. When buying fish, you should first smell it. G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎16. G ‎17. D ‎18. F ‎19. A ‎20. B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章主要介绍了一些买鱼和烧鱼的常识。带有强烈气味的鱼不新鲜，最简单的方法是蒸鱼。‎ ‎16. G考查上下文串联。第一句“Everyone knows that fish is good for health.”是总写，But表示转折，说明but前面一句是对第一句的解释，G项“鱼中的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境，故选G。‎ ‎17. D考查上下文串联。题目前一句“Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult.”可知，购买，存放和烧鱼并非难事，再根据后面一句可知，文章主要介绍了买鱼和烧鱼的简单知识，D项“这仅仅需要一点知识”符合语境，此题容易与C项混淆，C项后面应该直接跟烧鱼的方法，即C项与后一句重复，故选D。‎ ‎18. F考查上下文串联。根据“Fresh fish should smell sweet”可知，本段讲的是买鱼的时候要闻一下鱼的气味，故选F。‎ ‎19. A考查上下文串联。根据前一句“Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.”可知，带有强烈的味道的鱼都不是新鲜的，不应该买这样的鱼，A项与后句联系紧密，故选A。‎ ‎20. B考查上下文串联。根据“Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot”可知，本段介绍的是蒸鱼的方法，故选B。‎ 考点：生活类短文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 高考七选五解题方法 ‎1.通读全文，了解文章大意。这是一个泛读的过程，目的是了解文章大意，为以后的理解做铺垫。‎ ‎2.分析句型，了解语法构成 ‎3.当我们了解了文章大意后，要明确每一个空是填一个整句子还是半个句子。这一点十分重要，它能够帮助我们迅速确定某些空的选项范围，比如，有一个空的结尾处没有标点符号，后文紧跟着一个句子的后半部分，很显然这时我们需要填的是半个句子，这时便可以在七个选项中找到是半个句子的选项，从而缩小选择范围。‎ ‎4.明确关联关系。任何句子都是要么和上文有联系，要么和下文有联系，要么和上下文都有联系。例如第16空，第19空和第20空都与它们的前一句有联系。‎ ‎5.带入通读，复查 做完题目切忌直接离开，这是我们很有必要将自己修正好的文章通读一遍，将其看做一片行文通顺语意连贯的文章来读，这是如果感到有含义不连贯的地方，很有可能是我们填错了空，就要复查了，注意：七选五的特点在于，错一道，往往还会错另外的一道或几道，我们叫做"连错"，所以当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时，一定要同时检查其它空。‎ ‎4.【2016·北京】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Science of Risk-Seeking ‎ Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 71 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.‎ ‎ The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 72 As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.‎ ‎ So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 73 ‎ ‎ No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 74 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises ‎ your tolerance for risk as well.‎ Mean taking some risks, so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.‎ ‎ 75 For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.‎ ‎ As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.‎ A. It all depends on your character.‎ B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.‎ C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.‎ D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.‎ E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.‎ F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.‎ G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎71. F72. C73. A74. E75. G ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章从科学上对追求冒险和刺激进行了解释。冒险行为与大脑的工作机制有关，当大脑的快乐中枢被激活时，人们就会采取冒险行为。‎ ‎73. A考查上下文串联。根据“humans developed a range of character types...”可知，人们形成的不同类型的性格如今仍然存在，正是不同的性格类型才导致了我们对冒险行为采取不同的态度，故选A。‎ ‎74. E考查上下文串联。E项中的when与“your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years”中的teenage years对应，故选E。‎ ‎75. G考查上下文串联。根据“a part of the brain...while for the rest of us...”可知，本段讲的是冒险行为与大脑的关系，故选G。‎ 考点：科研类短文阅读 ‎ 【名师点睛】‎ ‎  1、先看选项。跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。　‎ ‎2、再看空前空后。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。    3、注意代词或定冠词。在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。    4、注意一些特殊疑问词。如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。   5、注意一些连词。如一些表示转折的连词，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ononehand....ontheotherhand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。‎ ‎5.【2016·四川】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 16 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.‎ One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 17 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.‎ ‎18   They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.19    ‎ Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 20   A．However, women, on average, live longer. B .The biological factor plays an important part. C. Women are also helped by their female genes. D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way. E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities. F. Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life. G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.‎ ‎【答案】16.A 17.G 18.D 19.C 20.E ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：女性比男性寿命长的原因。‎ ‎16.A根据空格下一句：一般说，女性比男性多活6到7年。可知此处的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性寿命更长。故选A。‎ ‎17.G根据空格上句：男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性寿命更长。可知此空的意思是：荷尔蒙是身体生产的控制各种身体功能的化学物质。故选G。‎ ‎18.D根据下句：它们帮助身体本身抵抗各种感染。可知此空的意思是：女性荷尔蒙也用另一种方式保护身体。故选D。‎ ‎19.C根据下句：科学家仍然没有确切地表明基因怎样影响年龄，但是他们认为基因却是在影响年龄。可知上句：女性基因也在帮助女性。‎ ‎20.E根据空格前两句：一些人认为女性身体细胞有一个比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性身体细胞有一个老化快的倾向。可知E项符合题意。“最近研究似乎支持这两种可能”。故选E。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 在做七选五时一定要注意空格前后句子的暗示词，可以准确确定空格上的选项。比如第20小题，Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 20  句中的Some --- Others ---，是关键词，从这里知道这是两种观点。根据空格前两句：一些人认为女性身体细胞有一个比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性身体细胞有一个老化快的倾向。可知E项符合题意。“最近研究似乎支持这两种可能”。故选E。‎ 考点：考查信息匹配 ‎6.【2016·浙江】下面文章中有5处（第61-65题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（ABCDE和F）中选出符合各段意思的小题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。‎ A. Get involved in student activities B. Your voice is actually super important C. There is a significant increase of opportunities D. Stay in active communication with your friends E. Get smart about the people who you spend your time with F. Your major does not matter as much in your first of college ‎ Five Things Nobody Told Me about College As I type this , I am in my university dorm room. A year ago, when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college applications, I often went to websites for some type of insider look on what college would be like. However, there’s only so much that prep books, websites, and older friends can teach. Here are the top 5things nobody told me about college:‎ ‎61 ‎ Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study. If they tell you otherwise, they’re lying and will probably change what they want to purse within the first quarter of attendance . During my first quarter at University of California, Riverside (UCR),I thought that I wanted to study Political Science with its focus on International Affairs, so that’s what I applied for. However, once I worked with statewide and local government, I realized that a better fit for me would be Public Policy, and now I am in the process of changing my area.‎ ‎62 ‎ ‎ In college, there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations. However, there is a very important difference between wanting to do something and applying for something. In order for you to take advantage of the conferences, research, internships ,and fellowships that your university offers, apply! Step into your academic advisor’s office, introduce yourself, and begin making the valuable connections that are necessary to help during the rest of your college career. Great things happen when you step out of your comfort zone, and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask.‎ ‎63 ‎ College is where you meet your birdesmaids, neighbors, and potential bosses. The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later, so be wise about the people who you invest yourself in . You are only one person, and you do not have time to waste on people who would rather cause drama or mess up with your purpose. Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better while loving you for who you are, and be patient to the people who are the complete opposite of that description.‎ ‎64 ‎ As a first-year, I was afraid to make any noise towards campus issues that I noticed. It was not until I became involved in student government that I gained the confidence to handle projects that I created with the help of ASUCR Office of the President. During my first quarter, I spoke directly to the Chancellor, asking him for support towards my initiavives, met with the Vive Chancellors, and coorerated with my teaching assistances to begin my undergraduate research protect. Nothing good will happen when you are silent.‎ ‎65 ‎ At my high school, there were about only four active club and organizations that students could be a part of. Imagine my surprise when I stepped foot onto UCR’s campus, where over 400 organizations exist, ranging from political organizations to karate club. You are not paying all or your tuition(学费)to merely go to class, study,pass tests and graduate. Make something worthy out of your experience. Create that you will want to tell your grandchildren one day. It all begins here, by signing up to join an organization.‎ ‎61. 【答案】F 考点：考查段落大意 ‎62. 【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据本段的句子In college, there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations.可知，这段主要介绍了：机会不断增加。故选C。‎ 考点：考查段落大意 ‎63. 【答案】E ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据本段的句子The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later, so be wise about the people who you invest yourself in .可知，这段主要介绍了：对于在一起的人要理性一些。故选E。‎ 考点：考查段落大意 ‎64. 【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据本段的句子Nothing good will happen when you are silent.可知，这段主要介绍了：你说的话实际上非常重要。故选B。‎ 考点：考查段落大意 ‎65. 【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 根据本段的句子It all begins here, by signing up to join an organization.可知，这段主要介绍了：参与一些学生的活动。故选A。‎ 考点：考查段落大意 ‎【名师点睛】任务型阅读出题模式与往年相同，给段落添加首句，考查学生对信息的提取和把握能力。由于关键词汇不易混淆，所以难度略有下降。如61题，段落中的what you want to study和选项F中的major 匹配；62.题，段落中的chances和选项C的opportunities是同义词；63题段落中的wise和选项E的smart是近义词；64题段落中的silent和选项B的voice是关联词；65题段落中的organization 和A项的activities也有联系。‎ ‎ 2015年高考试题 ‎ 阅读新题型 ‎1.【2015·北京卷】第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ This Way to Dreamland ‎ Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.‎ ‎ But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?‎ ‎ So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?‎ ‎ First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.‎ ‎ It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__‎ ‎ Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_‎ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.‎ A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.‎ B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.‎ C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.‎ D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.‎ E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.‎ F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.‎ G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章说明了“白日做梦”现象事实上有很有助于创造性思维的开发。‎ ‎71.第一段说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端，选项在文章前后句中起到段内逻辑连接的作用。故选B。‎ ‎72.本段话峰一转说到了白日做梦其实有着很多的好处。选项前后依然是顺承关系，故选C。‎ ‎73.本选项中的it指代前句的动名词短语feeling safe and relaxed，解题线索明显。故选E。‎ ‎74.本段主要讲如何避免不合时宜的白日做梦，且选项中有also为提示词。故选A。‎ ‎75.本选项中有逻辑词therefore,可为做题线索之一；前句讲好的想法随时会出现，所以选带个本子随时记，合情合理。故选G。‎ ‎【考点定位】生活类短文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】本文是七选五常考的建议类说明文，第1、2自然段为概念的提出及导入，第3段明确了下文的内容：如何在“白日做梦”中趋利避害。文章结构清晰，干扰选项较易排除，整体难度不大，文章的主题“如何培养创新的想法”，除了理解整篇文章及选项外还要注意文章中的副词，代词，逻辑连接词以及特殊概念名词的出现。文章结构清晰，可读性强，提示词明显。因此，日常练习中要侧重以抓住文章结构及段落主旨为主，兼顾辨析选项，尤其是根据核心词排除干扰项的做题技巧。学生需要遵循先易后难的原则，来提高正确率。‎ ‎2. 【2015·新课标全国II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 37 . As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.‎ During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.‎ A. After six days A. For a good marathon runner B. Before you begin your training C. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile D. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them E. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training F. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time ‎【答案】‎ ‎36. C ‎37. E ‎38. A ‎39. D ‎40. G ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是以如何锻炼马拉松为话题，提到从长期的角度说应该做到精心准备，循序渐进。这样才能达到锻炼的目的。‎ ‎38. A考查对上下文的理解。上文提到练习的第一周怎么做，下文提到第二周，所以这里应该是After six days，练习一周后稍做休息，一周是6天，故选A。‎ ‎39. D考查对上下文的理解。这里在讨论逐渐加长跑步的距离，每天增加一定的距离才合理，故选D With each day, increase the distance by a half mile。‎ ‎40. G考查对上下文的理解。最后是提速。在规定的距离内如何训练自己跑得快。这样才能参加比赛。故选G Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time。‎ ‎【考点定位】生活类短文阅读。 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】本文是给体育锻炼提建议。这是七选五短文常考的类型。这类题的思路清楚，考生容易把握文章的结构，为填充缺失的信息打下好的基础。本题的首句是关键的理解点。下文都围绕这句展开。所以填对的根据在于正确理解全文和摸清文章的脉络。‎ ‎3. 【2015·新课标全国I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 . Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.‎ Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, 37. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.‎ l ‎38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.‎ l ‎39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.‎ l You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.‎ A. Learn to really trust yourself.‎ B. It is putting confidence in someone.‎ C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.‎ D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.‎ E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.‎ F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.‎ G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎36. B ‎37. E ‎ ‎38. A ‎39. C ‎ ‎40. G ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。 ‎ ‎36. B 根据前一句Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences信任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。选项B中的it代指上文刚出现的trust。故选B。‎ ‎37. E 根据前句Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.可知他们受到严重的伤害且不能忍受再次发生。可知选E。‎ ‎38. A 根据后句having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。可知选A。‎ ‎39. C根据后句If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。‎ ‎40. G根据前一句Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life和后一句instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。‎ ‎【考点定位】议论类短文阅读 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】本篇阅读填空题延续了一贯的总分式结构，难度总体适中。第36题主要考查顺承上文，第37题考查前面句的因果关系，第38、39题考查总分关系，第40题考查转折关系。考生解题时一定首先理解文章大意，然后在做题时分析前后句之间的关系，最后要将所选的答案带回原文当中阅读，最终才能选择正确答案。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【两年模拟】2017、2018名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2018年模拟题 ‎【广东七校联合体2018届高三第二次联考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Do you have what it takes to survive in the desert in the event of an accident or emergency? If you're thinking of traveling in the desert, you may consider studying up to learn some desert survival skills before you go. But you don't have to be a survival expert to stay alive in the ‎ desert, as long as you can keep some important tips in mind.‎ Keep your head covered. It's been said that the biggest dangers in desert survival are exposure and dehydration (脱水). ____16____ One of the best defenses against the sun is always having a big hat or other coverings for your head with you. If the top of your head is exposed to the direct sun, or even indirect sun for long periods, your body needs to work hard to keep itself cool. ___17___‎ Cover the rest of your body as well. ____18____ Finding shade or constructing a shade shelter is one of the first ways for desert survival, as keeping out of the direct sun and not exposing yourself to the heat of the day will help to save water. The general idea is to stay out of the dehydrating rays of the sun during the day, and to travel during the cooler hours of the morning or evening.‎ ‎___19___ Actually, do drink the water, if you have it. Just don't run out of it all at the first sign of thirst. A better way is to ration (定量供应) it for yourself, taking smaller sips throughout the day. If you do come across water in the desert, use extreme caution before you start drinking it down － it may not be safe for drinking.‎ ‎___20___ The more you eat, the thirstier you'll get, so if you have food with you, take care to only nibble(小口吃) enough to keep the hunger pains away and your energy up. Your body can survive much longer without food than it can without water.‎ A. Stay hungry.‎ B. Don't drink the water.‎ C. Drink as much water as possible.‎ D. Neither of these is to be taken lightly.‎ E. This goes hand in hand with the first tip.‎ F. So the first rule in desert travel is covering the head up.‎ G. And the last thing you want to do is increase your thirst.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. F ‎ ‎18. E 19. B ‎ ‎20. A ‎【解析】文章讲述了在沙漠旅行中，当意外和紧急情况的发生时的一些应对措施。‎ ‎16. D根据前边It's been said that the biggest dangers in desert survival are exposure and dehydration据说沙漠生存的最大危险是暴露和脱水，可知这两者是需要注意的，故选D。‎ ‎18. E根据上一段If the top of your head is exposed to the direct sun, or even indirect sun for long periods, your body needs to work hard to keep itself cool. 如果你的头顶长时间暴露在阳光直射下，甚至是间接阳光直射下，你的身体需要努力保持凉爽。可知把头蒙起来和覆盖身体的其他部分是同时进行的，E项符合文意。故选E。‎ ‎19. B根据后边Just don't run out of it all at the first sign of thirst. 只要有口渴的迹象，就不要把它都用完了。可知有口渴迹象就要控制饮水，故选B。‎ ‎20. A根据后边The more you eat, the thirstier you'll get, so if you have food with you, take care to only nibble(小口吃) enough to keep the hunger pains away and your energy up. 你吃得越多，你就会越渴，所以如果你有食物在身边，注意只吃一点，足够让饥饿感远离，精力充沛。可知要保持饥饿感，故选A。 ‎ 点睛：完成七选五阅读时，我们可以从关联词上查找答案。由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都会是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。‎ ‎【广东省茂名市五校2018届高三上学期一轮复习阶段性测评（四）】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Weighed down by study? Pushed to the limit by the fast pace of life? Frightened by the possible war? Well, you’re not alone. ______16______.‎ In the past year, more than 25 laughter clubs have been set up across the country. People of all ages release their stress with an hour of group laughs. “People telephoned me and said they have forgotten what it is to laugh. _______17_______So they come,” said 40-year-old Jocelyn Le Moan. She usually takes a class of around 60 people through a series of laughter techniques.‎ Her pupils range from teenagers to 70 years old, but most are middle-aged white collars seeking 60 minutes of relaxation at the end of a busy day. Le Moan takes them through the “Lion Laugh” and the “Laugh Contest”, where participants “speak” to each other in different ways. ‎ ‎_____18_____At the end there are 15 minutes of “meditation”, when they lie on their backs and let the laughs burst out of their mouths.‎ ‎“I love it. It’s an experience that has changed my life. Through it I rediscovered the child’s laugh inside me,” said Romain Jourffroy, 24. “US President Obama should give it a try. He has lost his laugh,” she joked. ___19___‎ The physical benefits of laughter are already well-recognized. Doctors say the act of laughing releases good chemicals into the blood-stream, while the quick breathing that accompanies it helps massage(按摩) the digestive organs and strengthens the heart.‎ ‎___20___People believe that laughter is a way of making oneself feel more confident. Humor lightens your burdens, inspires hopes, connects you to others, and keeps you steadfast, focused and alert. Nothing can work faster or more efficiently to bring your mind and body back into balance than a good laugh.‎ A. Laugh is only a short joy but we need it.‎ B. And instead of talking, they break into fits of laughter.‎ C. And instead of talking, they break into fits of laughter.‎ D. Many club members also find themselves changed into children again.‎ E. They want to find a place where they can escape all their problems for a while.‎ F. Laughter is a powerful treatment to psychological problems such as stress, pain and conflict.‎ G. Quite a few people in France are seeking relief using the world’s best medicine─laughter.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. E ‎ ‎18. B 19. D ‎ ‎20. F ‎【解析】文章讲述了很多法国人兴起加入爱笑俱乐部，用笑来放松自己，使自己感到自信，同时笑对身体也是有好处的。‎ ‎16. G 考查对上下句的理解和推理判断能力。上句列举了一些生活中的压力和困惑问题，下文讲人们加入爱笑俱乐部来放松。G项“不少法国人正在使用世界上最好的药——笑声来寻求放松。”承上启下连接前后，故选G。‎ ‎17. E 考查对上下句的理解和推理判断能力。此处指许多人打电话说他们忘记笑什么了，他们只是想找一个能暂时逃避所有问题的地方，所以他们就来了。E项符合本句内容和语境，故选E。‎ ‎18. B 考查对上下句的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲爱笑俱乐部的学员情况和课程内容和安排，B项“他们不再说话，而是突然大笑起来”是课程的一部分内容。故选B。‎ ‎19. D 考查对上下句的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段I rediscovered the child’s laugh inside me可知，爱笑俱乐部能让人们重新找回童年的笑声，重新变回孩子。D项“许多俱乐部成员也发现自己又变成了孩子。”符合本段内容，故选D。‎ ‎20. F 考查对上下句的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲“笑是一种让自己更加自信的方式。能减轻你的负担，激发希望，让你保持坚定、专注和警觉。”F项“笑是对心理问题的有力治疗，如压力、痛苦和冲突。”概括了笑的好处，与本段意思一致，故选F。‎ ‎【湖北省八校2018届高三第二次联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The UN has recognized the contributions of volunteers on Dec. 5, International Volunteer Day. Here, the four things are offered to consider before taking the leap into overseas volunteering.‎ Choose your organization carefully ‎___36___ volunteering may be a fundraising mechanism(筹资机制) for a development project. For others, volunteering is fundamental to their programs, and those serving take on professional roles in longer-term development.‎ ‎___37___‎ Volunteers want to help and make a difference, but most know this isn’t a purely selfless act. You will learn new skills, broaden your horizons and come to better understand yourself and the world. ___38___ Reflect on your motivations. You want to help reduce global poverty or protect the natural world, but what else? Have you always wanted to travel, but not as a tourist? Work with kids? When you understand your motivations, you’ll be in a better position to choose the option that is right for you.‎ Work alongside the local community Often times, travelers volunteer in isolation(隔离) from the local community in which they are working in. ___39___ This enables you to ensure you are committing to a project that promotes long term and sustainable change.‎ A volunteer trip is just the beginning ‎___40___ Further ignite(点燃) the global change maker in you by taking your experience one step further when you return home. Spread the message of your transformative experience to others, helping to spark the change within them.‎ A. And that’s all OK.‎ B. Know why you’re going.‎ C. Don’t assume you know it all.‎ D. Communities always welcome volunteers.‎ E. Volunteer travel is a life-changing experience.‎ F. Some organizations require you to pay your own way, and often include a fee.‎ G. Make sure to travel with organizations that have strong partnerships with local communities.‎ ‎【答案】36. F 37. B ‎ ‎38. A 39. G ‎ ‎40. E ‎【解析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。你想成为一名海外志愿者吗？成为海外志愿者之前你有4件事需要考虑。‎ ‎39. 根据小标题Work alongside the local community和后句This enables you to ensure you are committing to a project that promotes long term and sustainable change.可知此处是呼应小标题，引出后一句。故选G。‎ ‎40. 根据小标题A volunteer trip is just the beginning和最后一段可知，志愿旅行是一种改变人生的经历。故选E。‎ ‎【广东省肇庆市2018届高三毕业班第二次统一检测】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Tips on impressing an audience ‎1. Read aloud to kids Volunteer to read books to children at a library or daycare center.___16___.You might speak like a favorite movie star for one or imitate a cartoon character for another. “ Performing” books can help you learn to describe different characters and to speak with energy and enthusiasm.‎ ‎2.___17___‎ Play “Freeze” with friends. Two players start acting out a scene from a movie, TV show or story. When something in the scene reminds another player of a scene from a different story or show, that person says “ Freeze” and replaces one of the actors.___18___The other actor tries to follow along until someone else in the group thinks of another scene and says “ Freeze!” . Continue playing as long as you can keep up the creativity.‎ ‎3. Project your voice An important skill for speaking in front of an audience is speaking loudly and clearly so that your voice will be heard.___19___‎ Lie on the floor with a small paper plate balanced on your stomach. Take a few deep breaths. Watch the plate rise when you inhale (吸气) and sink when you exhale(呼气). Breathe again, exhaling longer and trying to make the plate sink lower. As you do this, feel your muscles tightening up.___20___ Try to make the plate sink fast as you shout. Do this a few times daily to build up those muscles and help you push out sound.‎ A. Play an acting game.‎ B. Take another deep breath and shout “ha”.‎ C. The new player begins acting out the new scene.‎ D. Gain confidence by practicing as much as possible.‎ E. To do this, you need to develop and use the correct muscles.‎ F. This fast-paced game improves your ability to think on your feet.‎ G. Practice before you read, giving each character a different personality.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. A ‎ ‎18. C 19. E ‎ ‎20. B ‎【解析】本文介绍给观众或听众留下深刻印象的建议。‎ ‎16. G 根据下句：你可能讲话时就像最喜欢的电影明星一样模仿一个个的卡通人物。可知，在你开始阅读前练习时，给每个角色不同的个性。故选G。‎ ‎17. A 此空是小标题。根据上下文可知应该是一个短小精悍的祈使句，所以只能在剩下的A/B/D中选择。根据本段内容Play “Freeze” with friends. 与朋友玩“冻结”。Two players start acting out a scene from a movie, TV show or story. 两个选手开始表演电影、电视节目或故事中的一个场景。可知，玩一个有表演的游戏。故选A。‎ ‎18. C 根据上句：当场景里的某事提醒来自不同的故事或显示一个场景里的另一个选手时, 那个人说“ Freeze”，并替代其中一个演员。再根据空格下句：其他的演员尽力跟随直到组里其他某人想出另一个场景,并说“冻结!”可知，新玩家开始表现出新的场景。故选C。‎ ‎19. E 句意：在观众面前另一个重要的讲话技能就是大声清晰地说话，目的是你的声音能被听见。由此推知，要想大声清晰地讲话，您需要开发和使用正确的肌肉。故选E。‎ ‎20. B 根据上句：当你这样做的时候，感觉你的肌肉收紧。再根据空格下句：当你大喊的时候，尽力使纸板快速下沉。可知，这时候你再次深呼吸大声喊“ha”。故选B。关键词shout。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 关于小标题的选择 七选五题型空格的设计主要分布在句首、句中、句尾，另一种就是小标题的空格设计。凡是作为标题的句子，一定要短小精悍，概括性，多数情况下是祈使句。本题第2小题，此空是小标题。根据上下文可知应该是一个短小精悍的祈使句，所以只能在剩下的A/B/D中选择。根据本段内容Play “Freeze” with friends. 与朋友玩“冻结”。Two players start acting out a scene from a movie, TV show or story. 两个选手开始表演电影、电视节目或故事中的一个场景。可知，玩一个有表演的游戏。故选A。‎ ‎【广东省深圳市2018届高三第一次调研】‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Improve Your Confidence Confidence is something that everyone admires. At some point in your life you may question your level of confidence and wish it to be higher. ____16____ If you believe the theory that we attract into our lives who we are, then creating and keeping high levels of confidence is vital to your well-being.‎ Watch your intake. ____17____ So reduce the amount of hours of soaps and reality TV each day. Read a book or magazine about a topic you are interested in. Listen to a different radio station you have not listened to before. In this way, you challenge the beliefs you hold and raise your awareness of new things.‎ ‎___18___ Spend an allocated period of time being quiet and just reflecting on your life. Remove yourself away from others and focus on the power of silence and improve your levels of concentration.‎ Believe in yourself. One of the key steps in raising your level of confidence is to believe it for yourself. You need to believe, accept and be in no doubt that you are a confident person. ___19___ Meanwhile, value the time that you spend doing this process.‎ Take a look around for people you admire. It can be helpful to have someone in your circle that you admire for their skills or achievements. Observe the way they face new challenges and communicate with people. You also should attend a club or a group associated with a topic you're interested in. ___20___‎ A. Spend some time being quiet.‎ B. In this way, your attitude is changed.‎ C. Spend time imagining you at your absolute best.‎ D. What you read, watch and listen to affects your mindset.‎ E. Your level of confidence affects the decisions you make in your life.‎ F. you'll meet new people different from your present circle of friends.‎ G. These are the kind of people that can help you to grow in confidence.‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. D ‎ ‎18. A 19. C ‎ ‎20. F ‎【解析】信心是每个人都羡慕的，本文讲述了如何提升自信的方法。‎ ‎17. 根据空格前Watch your intake.小心你的输入，和空格后So reduce the amount of hours of soaps and reality TV each day.建议你每天少看肥皂剧和真人秀节目，因为你所读、所看、所听会影响你的思想。故选E。‎ ‎18. 根据空格后Spend an allocated period of time being quiet and just reflecting on your life.平时花一些时间安静一下反思反思自己的人生。可知A：花时间安静，这个选项做副标题比较恰当。故选E。‎ ‎19. 根据空格前Believe in yourself.相信自己。以及空格后Meanwhile, value the time that you spend doing this process.同时，珍惜这个过程。可知C：想像自己最好的状态，起到过渡的作用。故选C。‎ ‎20. 根据空格前You also should attend a club or a group associated with a topic you're interested in.你应该参加一个俱乐部或你感兴趣的小组。可知这里是说建议这样做的好处，F：你会认识新朋友，这个选项符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎“七选五”题要求学生根据文章的结构、逻辑、上下文的内容选出相应的五句话填入空白处将文章补充完整。主要目的在于“考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”‎ 试题的位置不同，解题策略也不同：‎ ‎1．若问题在段首：通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 例如Watch your intake. ____2____ So reduce the amount of hours of soaps and reality TV each day.根据相关词intake和reduce t，可以判断出本段是：建议你每天少看肥皂剧和真人秀节目，因为你所读、所看、所听会影响你的思想。故选E。‎ ‎2．若问题在段尾 通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefore, as a result, hence,thus, to sum up, to conclude, in short, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。例如：You also should attend a club or a group associated with a topic you're interested in. ___5___与前面的 attend 和you're interested in，可以判断选F。‎ ‎3.若问题是位于自然段中 承上启下是空格的主要任务，分析句子之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意句子间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。 例如：You need ‎ to believe, accept and be in no doubt that you are a confident person. ___4___ Meanwhile, value the time that you spend doing this process.本段前一句说“相信自己”， 后一句说“同时，珍惜这个过程。”可知，C项“想像自己最好的状态，。”承上启下。‎ ‎【广东省广州市2018届高三12月调研测试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ China has been the birthplace of many of the world’s greatest inventions. It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money. Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling. ____16____ This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering.‎ ‎___17___ In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells（贝壳）as money. Usually the shells used as money were very small. This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country.‎ In the years which followed this invention, many other countries around the world began to do the same. ___18___‎ The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells. It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal. ____19____ By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Empire.‎ About 1000 years later, leather was used as money in China, and in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people. ___20___‎ A. People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.‎ B. However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.‎ C. It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.‎ D. They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.‎ E. As time went by, trade between countries increased.‎ F. During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.‎ G. The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. B ‎ ‎18. D 19. G ‎ ‎20. C ‎【解析】 本文属于历史知识。主要讲述了中国是世界上许多伟大发明的发源地。文中介绍了货币的发展过程，由实物交换到贝壳货币再到金属圆硬币，最后发明了纸币。成为世界上第一个制作纸币的国家。‎ ‎16. F 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。句意：在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们用许多不同的东西来买卖。例如，在那期间，买一只鸡可能要用一些土豆来（交换）。分析句意可知，在纸币发明前人们用实物来买卖，分析句子可知F.（ During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.） 就是对那个时代的一个例子。故选F。‎ ‎17. B 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的内容可知，在公元前1200年使用贝壳作为货币，很容易运输到远的地方。因此这样用实物的方式不方便，不实用。分析选项可知B.项（However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.）符合题意，故选B项。‎ ‎18. D 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。 根据上句内容，在这项发明之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做，即就是也使用贝壳来作为货币。分析选项可知D.项（They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.）符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎20. C 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。 根据本段内容可知主要讲述了纸币最早出现在中国。分析选项可知C项（It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.）有词paper currency的复现 分析句意：在公元806年，最初的纸币是由中国人制作的。很多年以一纸币在欧洲出现。从句意可知，C项符合题意，故选C项。‎ ‎【名师点睛】七选五题型解题技巧 该题型选项大致可分为 主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。正确的解题思路分为两步：‎ ‎（1）首当其冲看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。‎ ‎（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第2、3、4小题主要根据空格前后两句而得出的。‎ ‎（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。正确选项的特点：复现，包括同义反复，反义反复（，如第4 和第5小题都有同一个词的复现）。‎ ‎（4） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。‎ ‎【广东省百校联盟2018届高三第二次联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Travelling is a great way to interact with a culture which might be completely different from your own.‎ ‎___16___ Before I moved to Sicily I had travelled around the whole of Italy, the south and the north, and I absolutely fell in love with the culture and the language so I was inspired to learn the language and also to move here. And here I am now, living in Sicily.‎ ‎___17___ When you get back home you’ll have lots of stories to tell your friends and family. Even if something isn’t very fun, it will be funny to look back and laugh at those awkward or harsh moments. For example, I was travelling with a group of friends in Pisa and we took the wrong bus to get to the beach area, so we ended up being stuck in the rain and having to walk back.‎ When you travel you expose yourself to different people.___18___ It’s a great learning experience for both you and the other person because you can share and exchange your own ideas and opinions on a range of topics. For example, I met an Iranian philosopher and we talked about the nature of magic. A lot of his ideas were shaped by his Iranian background and Iranian philosophy.___19___‎ Travelling is the realisation of home.___20___ Since I’ve been away from London, I’ve come to appreciate the little things that I used to take for granted, like our amazing transport—everything runs on time; everything runs well. So sometimes it takes being away from ‎ home to realise how much you absolutely love your hometown.‎ A. It was a really interesting discussion.‎ B. Travelling will make you a really good storyteller.‎ C. Travelling could enrich your awareness of the world.‎ D. They may have a completely different outlook on life.‎ E. We realize how much we miss our hometown when we travel.‎ F. Travelling might just convince you to move to another country.‎ G. Being away from home, we miss our friends and our family very much.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. B ‎ ‎18. D 19. A ‎ ‎20. E ‎【解析】试题分析：旅行是与一种完全不同于自己的文化进行交流的好方法。作者通过讲述自己的经历介绍旅行的好处：旅行让你成为一个好的讲故事的人；旅行可以遇到不同的人，共享和交流一些观点和看法；旅行让你更爱自己的家乡。‎ ‎16. 考查归纳总结。根据空格下文可知，作者在搬去西西里岛之前曾去那里旅游，并爱上那里的文化和语言，受到鼓舞学习了那里的语言，最终现在搬到西西里岛居住。因此推断此处讲述旅行可以说服你搬到另一国家。故选F。‎ ‎17. 考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据空格下文“When you get back home you’ll have lots of stories to tell your friends and family.”可知，当你旅行回家时，你会有许多故事告诉你的朋友和家人，因此推断旅行让你成为很好的讲故事的人。故选B。‎ ‎18. 考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据空格上文“When you travel you expose yourself to different people.”和下文“It’s a great learning experience for both you and the other person because you can share and exchange your own ideas and opinion on a range of topics.”可知，当你旅行时，你会遇到不同的人，这对你和另一个人都是一个好的学习经历，因为你们可以在一系列的话题上共享和交流自己的想法和观点。因此推断D项“他们或许对生活有完全不同的观点”符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎19. 考查上下理解和推理判断。根据空格上文“For example, I met an Iranian philosopher and we talked about the nature of magic. A lot of his ideas were shaped by his Iranian background and Iranian philosophy.”可知，我遇到一个伊朗摄影师，我们讨论神奇的本质，他的许多想法都是由他的伊朗背景和伊朗哲学所决定的。因此推断它是真正有趣的讨论。故选A。‎ ‎20. 考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据空格下文“So sometimes it takes being away from home to realize how much you absolutely love your hometown.”可知，有时候远离家乡才会意识到你多么爱你的故乡，因此推断E项“当我们旅行时，我们意识到我们多么怀念家乡”符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎【广东省化州市2018届高三上学期第二次高考模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ When we think of holidays, we think of traveling, beaches, fun, and adventure. ___16___. Smartphones have taken the world by storm, influencing the manner we interact with each other. Does this sound like you? If so, it sounds like you need a digital detox (数码产品戒毒期).‎ ‎___17___. Whether you are a businessman or a student, everyone needs some time away from technology.‎ Having a tech-free holiday is becoming increasingly popular especially among families. The reason is obvious. ___18___. While it may seem that sending a quick text message or uploading a photo to WeChat doesn’t take so much time, these things eventually add up without us even knowing it.‎ Whether to give yourself a digital detox is a difficult decision to make. ___19___. To help you along, it is probably a good idea to choose a remote area, somewhere close to nature, where you can truly immerse (沉浸其中) yourself.‎ Taking a tech-free holiday would be a good time to pick up something new, or return to hobbies which you never had time for. ___20___. If you’re going with friends or family, perhaps bring along some board games to spend time rekindling (重新点燃) tired relationships.‎ In today’s fast paced world, it’s important to find time to stop and smell the roses --- without taking a selfie at the same time, that is.‎ A. You could sketch (描述) the view of the coast, or take photos with your old film camera.‎ B. One of the best things about a digital detox is the fact that anyone can do it.‎ C. But the reality is, we spend most of our holidays on our personal digital products.‎ D. Nothing in this world can compare a holiday like this.‎ E. However, it may be just the thing you need to cleanse (清洗) your mind, body, and soul.‎ F. It enables them to spend quality time with together without being distracted by social media.‎ G People tend to keep connected with smartphones and never feel bored with them.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. B ‎ ‎18. F 19. E ‎ ‎20. A ‎【解析】试题分析：如今我们似乎越来越离不开手机等各种电子产品了，这甚至还成了不少人度假的方式。如果你也是重度电子产品依赖者，不妨试着来一场“数码排毒”吧？本文建议读者远离电子产品，来一场没有科技产品的假期旅行。‎ ‎16. 考查上下文理解和推理判断。空格上文阐述，当我们想到假期的时候，我们会想到旅游，沙滩、玩乐和冒险。空格下文阐述智能手机席卷了全世界，影响着我们互动的方式。因此推断空格起承上启下的作用， C项中提到的转折连词but引出下文，“our personal digital products”指代下文提到的“Smartphones”，因此推断C项“但是事实是：我们把大多数假期都花在了使用电子设备上”符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎17. 考查上下文理解和推断判断。根据空格下文Whether you are a businessman or a student, everyone needs some time away from technology.可知，无论是商人还是学生，每个人都需要远离科技一段时间，因此推断数码排毒最大的好处之一是所有的人都可以尝试。故选B。‎ ‎18. 考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据空格上文可知，来一场没有科技产品的假期日益成为流行的，由The reason is obvious.推断，空格处讲述“流行的原因”，因此推断F项“因为这能够让家庭成员们享受不被社交媒体打扰的搞怪时光”符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎19. 考查上下文理解和推断判断。根据空格上文Whether to give yourself a digital detox is a difficult decision to make.可知，是否要给自己来场数码排毒是个艰难的抉择，根据文章的主旨大意可推断E项“但是要想清洗自己的思想、身体和灵魂，这或许就是你需要做的事”符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎【湖南省2018届高三十四校联考第二次考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. It is the same with music, whether you listen to it on the radio on your drive to work or sit before an orchestra. ‎ Both language and music play a huge role in our culture. ___16___‎ Both language and music have a writing system. In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. In the same way, we use notes to keep a record of music. Just as you are reading this collection of letters on the screen and find meaning in it, musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music which we can hear.___17___ By writing pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. I can read the ideas or hear the composition of someone who lived hundreds of year ago, which is really quite exciting.‎ ‎___18___ You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation.___19___ Even if you don’t like Britpop melodies, you may love the energy of Latin American salsa music.‎ Both share emotion. How do you know that I am angry? Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words.___20___ Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share in that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. In contrast, you have probably also listened to sad music when you were feeling down. I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions, often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics.‎ A. Both vary with culture.‎ B. Here are some of their similarities.‎ C. They have some distinguishing characteristics.‎ D. So just as you read English, you can read music.‎ E. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy.‎ F. This also means that there is something for everyone!‎ G. This also means everyone can learn language and music well!‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. D ‎ ‎18. A 19. F ‎ ‎20. E ‎【解析】文章分析了语言和音乐的共同之处，包括：有书写系统，随文化而变，分享情感。‎ ‎16. B 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲语言和音乐在我们的文化中扮演着重要的角色，下文讲语言和音乐的共同点。B项：以下是他们的一些相似之处，承上启下连接前后，故选B.‎ ‎17. D 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲语言和音乐都有书写系统，它们分别有自己的书写符号。D项：所以就像读英语一样，你也能读懂音乐。符合本段内容，故选D.‎ ‎18. A ‎19. F 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲不同风格的音乐给我们了解不同文化的机会，F项：这也意味着有适合每个人的东西，与上文连接，故选F.‎ ‎20. E 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲我们可以通过面部表情和语言来判断一个人的情感，下文讲音乐可以向你展示作曲家的真实感受。E项：同样音乐也可以听出来生气、悲伤或快乐。连接前后，故选E.‎ ‎【湖南省三湘名校教育联盟2018届高三第三次联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ A memorable science project If someone tells you to remember a phone number or address, it feels like an easy task at first. You repeat the numbers to yourself, either aloud or in your mind. But after just a few seconds you might find yourself starting to doubt your own memory. ___16___ Thus, it will try to throw away information that seems old or irrelevant. There are ways of helping our minds retain (记住) information, however, and in this activity you will explore ways that we lose and keep memories.‎ Short-term, or working memory, is a way of describing most people’s abilities to store a ‎ small amount of information for a brief period of time in a readily accessible form.___17___ People don’t have to stop and think to remember something in short term memory.‎ ‎___18___ Such techniques include visualizing (观察) the information in a surprising way or linking pieces of information together so that one reminds you of the other. In the case of visualizing information, this could be as simple as remembering you parked your car on the fifth floor in the D section by picturing five dogs sitting in your car!___19___ If you need to purchase cereal (谷物), milk, fruit, cheese and eggs, you could imagine the cereal in a bowl, with milk pouring over it and pieces of fruit on top. Then imagine cracking an egg over everything, and it’s full of melted cheese! These may seem simple or even silly.___20___ In this activity you’ll test the recall of a few friends or family members, and learn a few tricks for improving memory!‎ A. There are many techniques for improving memory.‎ B. Our brain is always seeking new and useful information.‎ C. Short-term memory has a short duration but is quickly and easily accessed.‎ D. In addition, linking information could help you remember your grocery list.‎ E. Retaining that information over longer periods of time becomes difficult yet.‎ F. Your short-term memory has a limited amount of space to store information.‎ G. However, they are proved to be good ways for improving memory by scientist.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. C ‎ ‎18. A 19. D ‎ ‎20. G ‎【解析】本文介绍一个值得记忆的科学项目。‎ ‎16. B 根据下文：因此，它将试图丢弃那些看起来过时或无关紧要的信息。可知，我们的大脑总是在寻找新的、有用的信息。故选B。‎ ‎17. C 根据下文：人们不需要停下来，想在短期记忆中记住一些东西。可知，短期记忆的持续时间很短，但很快就能被访问。故选C。‎ ‎18. A 根据下文：这些技术包括以一种令人惊讶的方式可视化信息或将信息链接在一起，目的是让你想起了另一个。可知，有许多提高记忆的技术。故选A。‎ ‎19. D 根据下句：如果你需要购买谷物、牛奶、水果、奶酪和鸡蛋，你可以想象一个碗里的谷物，牛奶倒在上面，上面有水果。可知， 此外，链接信息可以帮助你记住你的购物清单。故选D。‎ ‎20. G 根据上句：这些看起来很简单，甚至有些愚蠢。所以下句应该是一句与上句转折的内容，“然而，事实证明，它们是科学家提高记忆力的好方法。”故选G。此处However表示转折；G项中的they指上文的These方法。‎ ‎【辽宁省辽南协作校2018届高三下学期第一次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Listening to others requires entering actively and imaginatively into the situation and trying to understand a frame of reference different from your own, and yet so many of us don’t listen properly as we should. Listening means more than just sitting silently while someone else talks. ___16___‎ Here are some ways to become a better listener.‎ ‎___17___ Make sure you actually hear fully what your friend is saying, and you can’t cut your friend off verbally carelessly. While you might intend to help move the conversation along, your friend might feel as if what he has said need to be continually talked over or sound anything but interesting.‎ Nod to encourage the conversation along. A better option to let your friend know you’re interested in what he says is just to nod along from time to time. Sometimes you nod along but then start thinking about something unrelated to what he could say.___18___‎ Turn out background noise. If you’re easily distracted by laughter, glasses clinking, children crying, you might need to work extra hard to focus only on your friend.___19___ Don’t hesitate to tell them that the background noises are getting in the way. If you can’t focus, try moving to another area.‎ Don’t text or look at your phone!___20___ For you see, when you’re sitting in front of someone, he is the most important person in your world at that moment.‎ A. Stop the speaker whenever you have a question.‎ B. Practice silence when someone else is talking.‎ C. If necessary, ask your friend to repeat himself.‎ D. Whoever is calling or texting can wait until you’re done with your conversation.‎ E. It means trying to see the problem the way the speaker sees it.‎ F. In this case, try to push away your thoughts until you’re absorbed in what your friend is saying.‎ G. Remembering ideas from previous conversations proves that your attention is kept and encourages your friend to continue.‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. B ‎ ‎18. F 19. C ‎ ‎20. D ‎【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何成为一位优秀的倾听者。‎ ‎16. E 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。第一段主要介绍倾听别人说话要去想象及理解与你自己不同的东西。这就意味不能只静静坐着那听。要试着站着说话人的角度看问题。而Ｅ项与上句还有词意的复现如mean，从意思上看也比前一句更深一层。故选Ｅ项。‎ ‎18. F 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本段是说在朋友说话时你不时地点头表示对他的话感兴趣。但有时你点头后很快就会走神。这时你要试着摆脱这种想法专注于朋友的话。本文主要是做个好的听众，所以一切要尊从 “听”。所以如果走神要想法让自己专注于朋友的话。分析选项F项符合题意，故选F项。‎ ‎19. C ‎ C. If necessary, ask your friend to repeat himself. ‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的内容可知，如果由于外界的噪音干扰了你，要告诉对方，当然有必要的话，自然要请朋友重复刚才的话。分析选项可知D项（如果有必要，让你的朋友重复一遍）符合题意。‎ ‎20. D ‎【辽宁省丹东市2018届高三一模】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Being able to communicate effectively with others is one of the most important skills a person can have. From talking with family and friends to sharing your ideas at work, communication is absolutely fundamental. ____16____, there are some strategies you can use to improve them.‎ ‎___17___. However, it doesn’t have to be. There are some simple ways for you to start communicating with someone, even if you don’t know the person very well. For example, you can focus on the weather or some other aspects of your surroundings.‎ Besides, you should consider what topics are appropriate for the situation. In some cases, sticking with small talk and interesting topics might be best, but sometimes, you may consider developing into a deeper conversation. ____18____.‎ Talk about things that interest the other party. If you want to become a better communicator, your focus has to be less on yourself and more on the person you re talking with.____19____, you shouldn’t go on all night about yours. Find connection points that allow you to get the other person talking.‎ The conversation will come to an end at some point.____20____. Maybe you need to move on with your day. To end a conversation politely, pay attention to the other person’s reaction and then say something to officially close the conversation.‎ A. If you want to make an apology to the other party B. This may be because of running out of things to discuss C. If he doesn't share his hobbies and interests D. it's not appropriate to transform the conversation into a deeper one E. If you feel like your communication skills fall short of your expectations F. Consider the situation to determine what kind of topics might be appropriate G. Starting a conversation can be the hardest part of communication for some people ‎【答案】16. E 17. G ‎ ‎18. F 19. C ‎ ‎20. B ‎【解析】本文作者针对如何提高交流技能这一问题，给出了自己一些建议。‎ ‎16. 语义理解题。由there are some strategies you can use to improve them.可知这里意思是如果你感觉你的沟通技能达不到预期，选E。‎ ‎17. 语义理解题。由However, it doesn’t have to be. There are some simple ways for you to start communicating with someone, even if you don’t know the person very well. 可知这里意思是对于一些人来说，开始一次谈话可能是交流中最困难的部分，选G。‎ ‎18. 语义理解题。由Besides, you should consider what topics are appropriate for the situation. In some cases, sticking with small talk and interesting topics might be best, but sometimes, you may consider developing into a deeper conversation. 可知这里意思是考虑情况，决定哪种话题更合适，选F。‎ ‎19. 语义理解题。由you shouldn’t go on all night about yours. Find connection points that allow you to get the other person talking. 可知这里意思是如果他不分享他的兴趣和爱好，选C。‎ ‎20. 语义理解题。由The conversation will come to an end at some point.和 Maybe you need to move on with your day. 可知这里意思是可能是因为谈论的事物已经说完了，选B。‎ ‎【辽宁省凌源市2018届高考三模】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Choosing the right retirement plan or deciding which unit trust will provide the best results for you can present quite a challenge. You may not be sure how much to invest, or how much to save. ____16____.‎ Ask around ‎___17___. Ask questions that will reveal factors that are important to you in a financial advisor, such as, “How was your first meeting?” “How easy was he to get on the phone?” or “Do you understand what he says?”‎ ‎___18___‎ Recommendations are a good start, but take time to do your own research. In fact, it’s important to understand something—like retirement, charitable giving, or possession ‎ allocation—of each advisor you research. There are professional association websites to search for financial planners: the Financial Planning Association and the National Association of Personal Financial Advisors.‎ Understand the initial Financial planners generally come with many initials at the end of their names, and it’s important to know what they represent. Most people know a CPA is a certified public accountant. ___19___‎ Schedule an interview Once you have a working list of possible financial advisors, schedule appointments to meet with each one. ____20____. Most financial advisors offer free consultations for the first visit so you both can evaluate each other to determine if the relationship will be a good fit.‎ A. Go online B. Do research on how they work C. Meet face to face, and have a conversation D. Therefore, you may find it important to ask for the aid of a financial advisor E. The first step in finding a good financial advisor is asking for recommendations F. However, not many people know that PFS stands for personal financial specialist G. Good financial advice helps you understand what your goals are and how to get there ‎【答案】16. D 17. E ‎ ‎18. A 19. F ‎ ‎20. C ‎17. E 第三段第一句话Recommendations are a good start, but take time to do your own research.寻求建议是一个好的开始，但是也要花时间自己做调查。这句话起承上启下的作用，所以说第二段讲的是向他人寻求建议，第三段讲的是自己做调查。选项E符合语境，故选E。‎ ‎18. A 本段主要讲的是自己做调查，由这句话There are professional association websites to search ‎ for financial planners: the Financial Planning Association and the National Association of Personal Financial Advisors.可知调查的途径是上网。故选A。‎ ‎19. F 上一句Most people know a CPA is a certified public accountant.提到大多数人知道CPA代表什么，却不知道其他的大写缩写字母代表什么，前后两句话表示转折，选项F符合语境，故选F。‎ ‎20. C 上一句Once you have a working list of possible financial advisors, schedule appointments to meet with each one.一旦有了财务顾问名单，就安排与每一个人见面。承接上文，C选项“面对面的进行交流”切题，故选C。‎ ‎【辽宁省瓦房店市2018届高三下学期第一次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ You should make thorough plans before you undertake a camping trip. Just follow these simple camping guidelines to make your trip safe and rewarding.‎ Selecting an appropriate tent ‎___16___. When determining the size of your tent, you should take into account the number of campers as well as the camping equipment necessary for your trip. There should be enough room in tihe tent for the camping equipment.___17___.‎ Importance of food While camping, you will need enough food to give you enough energy for your outdoor work.___18___.You should use a two burner stove to do all your cooking. Insist on simplicity in cooking and use vegetables and ready-made food during your trip to minimize cooking time.‎ Adequate sleep ‎___19___. Nights are generally cooler than the days so you need to have enough warm clothes to feel comfortable enough to sleep during the night. When buying a sleeping bag, check that you feel comfortable in it. Extra air mattresses (气垫) may be included in your camping equipment to make your bed more comfortable.‎ ‎___20___. Bear these camping guidelines in mind and make sure you are fully prepared to enjoy your camping trip.‎ A. All campers should have adequate sleep during the night.‎ B. Thus you must have an efficient arrangement for food preparation.‎ C. The best camping trips are had by those people who prepare the best.‎ D. Take healthy and nourishing food with you to meet energy demands during your trip.‎ E .The comfort level in a tent determines the success of a camping trip.‎ F. The size is the most important thing you should carefully consider when choosing a tent.‎ G. It will destroy the mood of the entire camping trip if you don’t have a good sleeping bag.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. E ‎ ‎18. B 19. A ‎ ‎20. C ‎【解析】试题分析：本文讲述进行野营旅行的注意事项，凡事都是为有充足准备的人提供的，才能充分的享受旅行的快乐 。‎ ‎16. F 考查段落大意及句意理解。根据下方提到When determining the size of your tent, you should take into account the number of campers as well as the camping equipment necessary for your trip当决定帐篷尺寸时，你应该考虑人员与野营装备的需要，故F当你选择帐篷时，尺寸很重要。‎ ‎17. E考查句意理解 根据上文提到There should be enough room in the tent for the camping equipment必须有足够的用来野营的装备，故选E 帐篷的舒适程度决定野营的成败。‎ ‎18. B考查句意理解 根据下方提到.You should use a two burner stove to do all your cooking.你要用有两个灶的炉子来做饭，故选B 因此你必须对食物的准备做出合理的安排。‎ ‎19. A考查段落大意及句意理解 根据上文提到Adequate sleep充足睡眠可知选A项 在晚上所有的成员必须有充足的睡眠。‎ ‎20. C考查段落大意及句意理解 根据下方提到Bear these camping guidelines in mind and make sure you are fully prepared to enjoy your camping trip牢记野营的规则，确保你做好准备，故选C好的野营旅行是为做好充足准备的人提供的。‎ 考点：日常生活类阅读。‎ ‎【辽宁省葫芦岛市2018届高三下学期第一次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Do you usually feel you’re working hard but still can’t reach your study goals? Here are some quick tips to help you study better.‎ Study with a partner or in groups Rather than living in a cave with your nose in the books all day, grab a friend from your class and study with him. ___16___‎ Step into your teacher’s shoes Ask yourself “If I were the teacher, what would I put on the test?”You have probably experienced a lot of your teacher’s tests and quizzes by now. ___17___Teachers have specific types of information that they want you to learn. The structure is usually the same.‎ Paint pictures on the paper You can build your knowledge structure in the form of pictures. It’s harder to remember each piece of a puzzle individually than it is to recall the completed picture. ___18___‎ ‎___19___‎ A hungry brain is an ineffective one. Your brain needs the proper nutrients to keep it going. Because of this, what you eat and drink also play a huge role in how sharp your brain is. Healthy food provide nutrients to your brain cells to keep them energized,.‎ Take breaks to relax your brain Your brain is like a muscle. It can be also tired if you overwork it, ___20___If you divide studying into 15 to 30 minutes blocks with quick breaks in between, your brain will feel refreshed, grateful and ready for the next challenge you throw at.‎ A. Feed your brain from time to time.‎ B. It needs exercise to make it stronger.‎ C. Relax your brain by eating and drinking.‎ D. You’d better learn from them for the next test.‎ E. It’s necessary to have a long holiday and have nice food,‎ F. Find ways to connect what you are learning to real life or to other concepts.‎ G. Group studying helps you to engage and process the information more deeply ‎【答案】16. G 17. D ‎ ‎18. F 19. A ‎ ‎20. B ‎【解析】本文作者针对如何让你学习更好这一问题，给出了一些建议。‎ ‎18. 语义理解题。由You can build your knowledge structure in the form of pictures. It’s harder to remember each piece of a puzzle individually than it is to recall the completed picture. 可知这里意思是找到方法把你正在学习的东西和真实的生活，或是其他概念连接起来。‎ ‎19. 语义理解题。A hungry brain is an ineffective one. Your brain needs the proper nutrients to keep it going. Because of this, what you eat and drink also play a huge role in how sharp your brain is. Healthy food provide nutrients to your brain cells to keep them energized, 这一自然段主要讲了健康的饮食为你的大脑提供营养，选A（经常喂养你的大脑。）‎ ‎20. 语义理解题。由Your brain is like a muscle. It can be also tired if you overwork it可知这里意思是需要锻炼来使它更强壮，选B。‎ ‎【辽宁省大连市2018届高三第一次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Does your mood change with the seasons?‎ Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits. ___16___ They eat more and gain weight. They have trouble sleeping. They can’t think clearly. Here are some ways you can beat the winter blues：‎ Get out in the sun. Some experts say that winter blues happen because we get less sunlight in the winter than we do in other seasons. Some say that the decrease in sunlight can make us feel sad. ___17___‎ Get some exercise. A walk or other exercise will make chemicals called endorphins (内啡肽）flow through your body. Endorphins are natural “feel good” chemicals.‎ ‎___18___ Avoid having too much sugar. If you crave sugary foods (like cookies or candy), it may be a sign that you need more protein (蛋白质), like meat, chicken, or fish.‎ Avoid holiday stress. Cut back if you have too many things to do. Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself. ___19___ Get some rest. Studies show that most teens need about nine hours ‎ of sleep each night. The average teen, though, gets only about six or seven hours of sleep per night.‎ Get help. Be cautious if you feel sad all the time and the feeling won，t go away. ___20___ Talk to an adult who you trust or get help from a doctor.‎ A. Eat more healthful foods.‎ B. Choose different foods in season.‎ C. Don’t be so busy that you get run-down.‎ D. Those people sometimes feel sad for no reason.‎ E. You may have a bigger problem than the winter blues.‎ F. Getting extra sunlight each day can help brighten your mood.‎ G. A regular pattern of sleep is the most important thing to maintain.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. F ‎ ‎18. A 19. C ‎ ‎20. E ‎【解析】天气会影响情绪，尤其是冬季。作者给出了几点战胜冬季忧郁症的建议。‎ ‎16. D 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲气温低对情绪的不良影响，D项：那些人有时无缘无故地感到悲伤，也是气温低对情绪的不良影响，符合本段内容，故选D.‎ ‎17. F 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段建议人们走出去晒太阳，F项：每天获得额外的阳光可以帮助你的心情变好，与本段内容相符合，选项中的sunlight是关键词，故选F.‎ ‎18. A 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段Avoid having too much sugar和you need more protein可知本段建议人们注意健康的饮食，A项能概括本段内容，也适合作为本段标题，故选A.‎ ‎19. C 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段建议避免节日压力，注意多休息。C项：不要使自己太忙而精疲力竭，符合本段意思。故选C.‎ ‎20. E 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段建议情绪不好时向别人求助，上句指情绪一直不好时要小心，E项：这可能会是比冬季忧郁症更大的问题，与上句连接，故选E.‎ ‎2017年模拟题 ‎[2017·湖南省邵阳市高三大联考]‎ ‎ The UK has a wellrespected higher education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are new to it all, sometimes it can be confusing.‎ ‎ October is usually the busiest month in the college calendar. Universities have something called Freshers' Week for their newcomers.__1__ ‎ ‎ However，having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind，the prospect of meeting lots of strangers in big halls can be nervewracking (令人头痛的)．Where do you start? Who should you make friends with? Which clubs should you join?‎ ‎ __2__ So just take it all in slowly. Don't rush into anything that you'll regret for the next three years.‎ ‎ __3__ ‎ ‎ ●Learn rules.__4__ Have a few wine glasses and snacks handy for your housemates and friends.‎ ‎●Be kind. Sometimes cups of tea or even slices of toast can give you a head start in making friends.‎ ‎ ●__5__The more active you are，the more likely you'll be to meet new people than those who never leave their room.‎ ‎●Bring a doorstop. Keep your door open when you're in and that sends positive messages to your neighbours that you're friendly.‎ ‎ So with a bit of clever planning and effort, Freshers' Week can give you a great start to your university life and soon you'll be passing on your experience to next year's new recruits.‎ A．Make sure you know British social etiquette (礼节)．‎ B．Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you worrying about starting their university social life on the right foot.‎ C．It's a great opportunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life.‎ D．Be honest.‎ E．Here is some top advice from past students on how to survive Freshers' Week.‎ F．Be sociable.‎ G．Keep yourself friendly to others sometimes.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文主要是针对刚步入大学的新生写的指导，告诉新生在刚进入大学的时候该怎么做，怎样才能轻松地展开新的生活。‎ ‎3．E　空前的意思是：不要匆忙做一些让接下来的三年后悔的事情。由下文的几条建议可知所以这里选E“这儿有一些来自学长们的好的建议，来帮助新生度过新生周”。‎ ‎4．A　空前的意思是：学习一些规则。空后的意思是“准备一些酒杯和零食给你的室友和朋友”。所以这里选A“确保你了解英国的社交礼仪”，与上下文一致。‎ ‎5．F　空后的意思是：你越活跃，你越比那些待在寝室不出门的同学认识更多的朋友。所以这里选F“要善于交际”。 ‎ ‎[2017·江西红色七校第二次联考]‎ The rules about how to talk, eat and sit, which are highly limited, are observed in most Western restaurants and homes.__1__Many Westerners have no idea how to act at the Chinese dinner table. No forks or knives for them to use! The Chinese host makes great, sweeping arm movements that go over large sections of the table, passing over both food and friends alike.__2__However, it leaves many foreigners at a loss for what to do.‎ In my childhood home, dinner was enjoyed with low voices, and the topics that we could discuss were very limited.__3__If I had to leave the table to use the toilet, I had to excuse myself without mentioning what it was that I was going to do.“May I be excused, please? I need to wash my hands.” I would say. My mother would say, “Sure.” My father would often play a joke on me by saying, “__4__”‎ As for eating, we did it quietly. No eating noises were allowed. Everything must be done as quietly as possible. If any sound was created by eating food or drinking, it would be considered as bad ‎ manners!‎ ‎__5__He is to sit up straight with the recessive hand (usually the left) in one's lap holding a napkin while the dominant hand (usually the right) holds the fork or spoon. The only time one is allowed to have both hands on the table is when he is using a knife to cut something.‎ A．How one sits at the table is also prescribed(规定)．‎ B．We were not allowed to talk about anything that made listeners uncomfortable.‎ C．Can't you think up a better excuse than that?‎ D．They're completely different from what we find here in China.‎ E．Your hands don't look dirty!‎ F．The scene is fantastic.‎ G．In general they were all strictly forbidden topics.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文属于说明文，介绍了东西方在餐桌礼仪上的区别及差异。‎ ‎1．D　根据横线后句“Many Westerners have no idea how to act at the Chinese dinner table.”可知西方人对于中国的餐桌礼仪一点也不清楚，这说明中西方餐桌礼仪差别很大。故D项“They're completely different from what we find here in China.”正确。‎ ‎2．F　横线前句“The Chinese host makes great, sweeping arm movements that go over large sections of the table, passing over both food and friends alike.”描述中国人吃饭的情景。在西方人看来，这样的场景是怪异的。故F项“The scene is fantastic.”符合上下文语境。‎ ‎3．B　横线前句“In my childhood home, dinner was enjoyed with low voices, and the topics that we could discuss were very limited.”中作者介绍了自己小时候吃饭的时候，很少说话，讨论的话题也受限制。故B项“We were not allowed to talk about anything that made listeners uncomfortable.”符合上下文语境。‎ ‎4．E　当“我”要去厕所的时候，妈妈总是同意，而父亲会和“我”开玩笑。E项“Your hands don't look dirty！”恰好是父亲和“我”开玩笑的内容。故E项符合上下文语境。‎ ‎5．A　根据横线后句“He is to sit up straight with the recessive hand (usually the left) in one's lap holding a napkin while the dominant hand (usually the right) holds the fork or spoon.”可知在西方吃饭的时候对一个人的坐姿也是有规定的。故A项“How one sits at the table is also prescribed(规定)．(人在桌边的坐姿也是有规则的。)”符合本段中心思想。‎ ‎[2017·东北三省四市教研联合体高三高考模拟试题 (一)]‎ Imagine that you're an actor or actress performing in a play for the first time. You've learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering. Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you.__1__The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.‎ If you've experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. It's one of the most common types of fear.__2__You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports, giving a talk, or even speaking in class.‎ ‎__3__The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs on each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies' “fight or flight” reaction. As a result, we feel the great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race and knees shake.‎ ‎__4__Practising your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. Firstly, dress comfortably and appropriately. Secondly, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Thirdly, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine (咖啡因)．__5__Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people rather than the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.‎ A．These might make your heart race even faster.‎ B．Maybe you don't have to be onstage to get stage fright.‎ C．Stage fright is really part of the body's reaction to stress.‎ D．With practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports.‎ E．Then you try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to come out.‎ F．There's a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.‎ G．However, the good news about stage fright is that there are lots of ways to deal with it.‎ ‎【文章大意】 怯场是人们的常见恐惧之一，本文主要介绍了这一概念，并提出了几种解决的办法。‎ ‎1．E　根据前文：你上场了，聚光灯照在你身上，因此，你要开始表演了，再根据后文“The inside of your ‎ mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.”可知你很紧张，故前面应是什么都说不出来，故选E。‎ ‎3．C　本空是属于主题句。本段频繁出现关键词reaction，怯场只是身体对压力做出的反应，故选C。‎ ‎4．G　本空属于主题句。根据后一句“Practising your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.”可知作者提出了办法来让你镇静下来，解决你的怯场问题，故选G。‎ ‎5．A　根据前一句“Thirdly, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine (咖啡因)．”可知咖啡因会让你更加兴奋、心跳更快，并不会让你镇静下来，故答案为A。‎ ‎[2017·山西省长治二中、晋城一中、康杰中学、临汾一中、忻州一中五校高三第四次联考]‎ When we were children, we were taught the simplest lessons to be able to build good relationships with others.__1__However, the question is: What makes a good relationship?‎ Be willing to share Once you are in a good relationship, you are not just thinking about yourself. You learn to share what you have. __2__ You should also share your thoughts, your ideas, your dreams and even your frustrations.‎ Learn to care People in a good relationship are kind to each other. They make efforts to show how they value each others' space. They both take the time to know what matters to the other and also give time to try out each others' interests. __3__ ‎ Learn to play fair ‎__4__ Each one is allowed to move freely as an individual. However, each action is done with consideration of the other one's feelings. No one is above the other.‎ ‎__5__‎ A healthy union is bound by cooperation. The people involved work as a team to achieve one goal. Each one helps and supports the other to succeed in their individual endeavours. They appreciate each other and they grow together and as individuals as well.‎ A．Learn to cooperate B．Learn to work hard towards your goal C．A good relationship is a twoway traffic.‎ D．This does not just include material things.‎ E．Everyone knows that the relationship they have won't stay strong.‎ F．Having good relationships will make you never have to live your life alone.‎ G．Most of all, they care enough to listen to each other and do nice things for each other.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何建立好的人际关系提出了建议。‎ ‎1．F　通过前句可以知道，此处应该讲述建立好的人际关系的好处。故选F。‎ ‎2．D　此段主题是要乐于分享。通过后句可以知道，此处是告诉孩子们可以分享物质上的东西，也可以分享思想、观点、梦想等。故选D。‎ ‎3．G　此段主题是要学会关心别人。此段陈述了拥有好的人际关系的人会互相关心。故选G。‎ ‎4．C　此段主题是公平对待彼此。好的人际关系是双向互动的。故选C。‎ ‎5．A　根据最后一段第一句可知，此段主题是要学会合作。故选A。‎ ‎[2017·江西省赣中南五校高三上学期第一次模拟]‎ Whether you're a child, teenager, young adult or are middleaged, respect for your parents is an important value. Your parents are the people who raised you, devoting time, energy and money to your development. __1__No matter what your age is, there are 4 ways to show respect.‎ ‎●Respect their belongings.‎ One important way to show respect is to show regard for the things important to your parents. For younger children, this may mean not touching jewellery or other valuable things. For grown children, respect may mean returning a borrowed tool in good condition and on time. Lack of respect for a parent's belongings is a violation of personal boundaries. __2__And never borrow things without asking first.‎ ‎●Punctuality.‎ ‎__3__Therefore, always be on time. For teenagers, showing up on time means coming home by curfew (宵禁时间)．Adult children should show up on time for family dinners or events, or to pick a parent up for a medical appointment. Call if you're going to be late because parents worry about children, no matter their age.‎ ‎●__4__‎ Remembering birthdays, anniversaries and other special days is a sign that you honour your parents. Make plans to take them to lunch or dinner or bake a cake or cookies. Most parents don't expect expensive gifts, but a handmade gift is always appreciated. A phone call from a grown child who lives too far for a visit is a welcome sign of respect.‎ ‎●Be kind.‎ Kind words and affection are simple ways to show respect. Tell your parents you love them. Listen and allow your parents to speak without interruption. Show a sincere interest in what your parents have to say. Be patient with your parents and don't rush them. Never talk back or be rude or disrespectful. Acknowledge your parents' achievements.__5__‎ A．Be a good listener.‎ B．Celebrate with them.‎ C．Lateness indicates a lack of respect.‎ D．Treat your parents the way you would like to be treated.‎ E．And they love you unconditionally throughout your life.‎ F．Being respectful helps build positive relationships with others.‎ G．Don't take advantage of your parents' kindness and generosity.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文介绍四种方法来表达对父母的尊重。‎ ‎1．E　空前句意：父母是养育了你的人，对于你的成长他们花费了时间、精力和金钱。本段主要内容：不管你处在什么年龄，有四种方法表达对父母的尊重。E项“他们无条件地爱你。”符合上下文语境，故选E。‎ ‎2．G　空前句意：对父母的东西缺乏尊重是侵犯了个人界限的。空后句意：绝对不要不打招呼拿父母的东西。G项“不要利用父母的仁慈和慷慨。”符合上下文，故选G。‎ ‎3．C　本段的主题是：准时。C项“迟到意味着不尊重。”符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎5．D　本段的主题是对父母友好。空前句意：决不要顶嘴，对父母粗鲁或不尊重。认可父母的成就。故这里用D项“以你希望别人对待你的方式来对待父母。”合适。‎ ‎【东北师范大学附属中学2017届高三下学期第三次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。‎ Eating healthy 100% of the time can seem like a near impossible goal. But along with consistent exercise, healthy eating will make you feel better, give you more energy, and help you perform better in your workouts. 　　16　　‎ Here are some tricks to make healthy eating easy:‎ ‎●　　17　　‎ Protein is what keeps you full, fuels your muscles, and helps you keep a strong and slim figure. Starting your day out with around 30 grams of protein will not only help get you through the morning without feeling hunger pains, it will also help you get less desires for sugar and carbs(碳水化合物)later in the day.‎ ‎●Make veggies a main part of every meal ‎　　18　　You’ll find that you might actually start to like vegetables, and your body will start to want them because of how good they make you feel after eating them.‎ ‎●Eat whole foods whenever possible Simply focus on avoiding processed foods and include as many whole foods as possible in your diet. 　　　19　　　But once you discover how food is supposed to taste, eating healthy will become much more natural to you.‎ ‎●Don’t deny yourself your favorite foods ‎　　20　　Because it’ll cause you to feel bitter, more often leading to a binge(大吃)eating session. So if you’re working out and keeping active on a regular basis, allowing yourself a few small treats every once in a while will not only make you happier, it will also make it more likely that you’ll stick with healthy eating in the long run.‎ A. So want exactly are whole foods?‎ B. It may take a little to get used to C. And it doesn’t have to be that difficult D. Limit them, but don’t cut them out altogether E. There are so many good ones to choose from F. Eat a protein-packed breakfast every morning G. Make them a main part of every meal, at least two thirds of your plate as often as possible ‎【解析】本文就如何吃得健康给出了几条建议。‎ ‎16.根据上下文可知，虽然吃得100%健康不太可能，但是只要根据下面几条建议也是很简单的，所以其实要吃得健康也不太难，故选C。‎ ‎17.这一段主要介绍了蛋白质对身体的好处，所以要吃富含蛋白质的食物，故选F。‎ ‎18.根据本段的标题可知，要多吃蔬菜，蔬菜要占每顿饭的主要部分，故选G。‎ ‎19.根据上下文可知，应该多吃天然食物少吃加工食物，虽然开始可能不太习惯，但是一旦知道了应该如何去吃，自然而然地就吃得健康了。故选B。‎ ‎20.根据本段的标题可知，不要否定自己喜欢的食物，再根据下文可知，有喜欢的食物可能会使人大吃一顿，所以要控制，故选D。‎ ‎【河北省衡水中学2017届高三下学期仿真模拟（五）】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Is it necessary to learn when we are 50s, 60s or even 70s?Most people consider when they get retired, they are supposed to be completely laidback, do something fun, or hang around.　16　 It’s particularly important to the elderly.‎ Through learning, we know how to think, how to memorize, how to ask questions and even how to interact with others. According to a study, while we are learning, “the brain creates neural(神经)pathways” that make us smarter. 　　　17　　 The more we learn, the mote new  neural pathways develop in our brains.‎ When it comes to learning, it doesn’t mean we must load ourselves with lots of knowledge. What we need to do is just learn something we like day in and day out. 　　　18　　　 Everyone learns from bottom to up. If we have an interest to learn, that desire will naturally push us to move forward.‎ As we feel worn out from learning, don’t be discouraged.　　　　19　　　 An old saying goes, “Birds of a feather fly together.” As long as we have partners to learn all together, our learning excitement will come alive again. On the contrary, if we don’t learn, and choose to distance ourselves from other, we might be getting dumb, and slow; eventually, we lose energy, and life passion. Instead of being bored, dumb, why don’t we keep learning?‎ ‎　　　　20　　　 More importantly, learning explores our life horizon, helps us build up our confidence; gradually, it leads us to a way of finding a sense of value and ach.‎ A. It’s never too old to learn.‎ B. Don’t worry if we cannot learn well.‎ C. You should set a high learning target.‎ D. Learning makes us understand how potential we are.‎ E. Look for a partner who has the same common interest as you do.‎ F. In other words, our brains are active as we learn something new.‎ G. However, the truth is that learning makes us energetic, and self-fulfilled.‎ ‎【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.E20.D ‎【解析】活到老，学到老。学习使我们了解我们的潜能，帮助我们树立信心。‎ ‎16.G根据上句：大多数人认为他们退休了，他们应该是完全放松的，做一些好玩的事情。再根据空格下句：这对老年人尤其重要。可知此空的意思应该是：然而，事实是，学习使我们充满活力，实现自我。根据句意可知选G。‎ ‎18.B根据下句：每个人都是自下而上学习的，也就是从基础学起。可知上句的意思是：如果我们学得不好，别担心。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎19.E根据下句：俗话说：“鸟飞在一起。”可知上句要表达的意思是：找一个和你有共同兴趣的伙伴。根据句意可知选E。‎ ‎20.D此空位于句首，根据下文：学习探索我们的生活视野，帮助我们树立信心。可知此空的意思是：学习使我们了解我们的潜能。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首 1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 ‎ 有某种的衔接手段。本题第5小题，此空位于句首，根据下文：学习探索我们的生活视野，帮助我们树立信心。可知与下文是一种并列关系，故选D。‎ ‎【湖北省黄冈中学2017年高三5月第三次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Organic exercise is a good fit for people looking to train functionally. It is defined as exercise that is similar to the type of physical activity performed by ancient hunter-gatherer ancestors. Organic exercise is generally preformed in natural or outdoor settings. 　　　16　　　Organic exercise may include such activities as walking, jogging, swimming, hiking or rock climbing.‎ When it comes to organic exercise, one of its most significant benefits is its limited reliance on equipment. 　　　17　　　Going for a jog, walking, or even hiking does not require tools, weights, or even hiking does not require tools, weights, or other products, and therefore, is fairly inexpensive.‎ Since the types of activity emphasized in organic exercise programs are similar to those performed as part of daily life, they do not require extensive or long amounts of practice to obtain proficiency(精通). 　　　18　　　Therefore the type of activity recommended in an organic workout routine can be performed by beginning or advanced exercisers alike with relative ease.‎ While the type of exercise recommended in an organic workout may be easy enough to perform, the intensity at which it is recommended can be too much for some individuals. 　　　19　　　Individuals who are new to exercise or suffer from a chronic health condition that limits their physical ability may find it difficult to perform exercise that is especially strenuous.‎ ‎　　　　20　　　　Individuals who are new to exercise may want to talk with their health care provider before choosing this type of activity. In some cases, it may be better to start off with a more traditional workout and slowly transition to organic exercise than starting with this regimen(养生法)right off the bat.‎ A. Weigh both the benefits and drawbacks.‎ B. In fact, it can be done nearly anywhere, any time.‎ C. Therefore it requires very little helping equipment.‎ D. Choosing the right types of organic exercise is important.‎ E. Most adults already know how to hike, swim or dig, for example.‎ F. In fact, one of the biggest drawbacks is the emphasis on high-intensity exercise.‎ G. While organic exercise may be a good choice for some, it is right for all adults.‎ ‎【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.F20.D ‎【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了有机锻炼——有机锻炼是什么，它有什么好处，最后告诉我们选择运动类型的重要性。‎ ‎16.根据空格前Organic exercise is generally preformed in natural or outdoor settings（有机锻炼通常在大自然或室外进行），而C选项Therefore it requires very little helping equipment（因此它几乎不需要辅助设备）正好与前句构成因果关系，故选C。‎ ‎17.根据空格前When it comes to organic exercise, one of its most significant benefits is its limited reliance on equipment.（当提到有机训练的时候，它最显著的好处就是对设备的依赖少），而B选项“In fact, it can be done nearly anywhere, any time（实际上，有机锻炼几乎可以在任何地方、任何时间进行）”在意义上可以与其相承接，故选B。‎ ‎18.根据空格后Therefore the type of activity recommended in an organic workout routine can be performed by beginning or advanced exercisers alike with relative ease.（因此在有机运动中推进的活动类型可以相对轻松地开始或进行），而E选项Most adults already know how to hike, swim or dig, for example（大多数的成年人早已知道怎样远足，游泳或探究）正好与空格后的句子构成因果关系，故选E。‎ ‎19.根据空格前While the type of exercise recommended in an organic workout may be easy enough to perform, the intensity at which it is recommended can be too much for some individuals.(尽管在有机锻炼中推荐的活动类型可能相对容易进行，但其训练的强度对于一些人来说还是太大了)，而F选项In fact, one of the biggest drawbacks is the emphasis on high-intensity exercise（实际上，其中最大的阻碍之一就是对训练的高强度的强调），其中的关键词high-intensity与前句的intensity相对应，意义上也相承接，故选F。‎ ‎20.根据空格后一句Individuals who are new to exercise may want to talk with their health care provider before choosing this type of activity.（运动方面的新人可能会在选择这类运动前和他们的健康管理员讨论一番），而D选项Choosing the right types of organic exercise is important（选择正确的有机运动类型是重要的）正好与其相承接，故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 在七选五中，如果空格出现在段首，那么通常是段落的主题句，这时要认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其它相关的词，推断出主题句，关注段落首尾句，了解大意知主题。‎ 例如第5小题，根据位置可判断此处应填主题句，通过浏览整段，可知这段主要告诉我们：对于刚接触运动的人来说，最好是先进行传统的锻炼方法，然后再慢慢过渡到有机锻炼，而不是一开始就进行有机锻炼，这段主要是向我们建议锻炼类型和方式的。再浏览七个选项，只有D项Choosing the right types of organic exercise is important（选择正确的有机运动类型是重要的）与此主题相关，故可选出正确答案。‎ ‎【湖北省沙市中学2017届高考冲刺第九次考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Although most games have winners and losers, the goal of sports is not to win every game. The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like good sportsmanship.‎ Good sportsmanship is all about respect. Good sports (具有运动家品格的人) respect their teammates and also their opponents. They respect their coaches, and they also respect the referees or other officials involved in their games.　　　　　16　　　　　 They yell at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees.‎ Kids usually learn sportsmanship — good and bad — from the adults in their lives. 　　　　　17　　　　　 If parents and coaches show disrespect to other fans, referees, or each other, kids will likely act the same way on the field.‎ ‎　　　　　18　　　　　 Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team.‎ Learning good sportsmanship is important because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life.　　　　　19　　　　　 Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace.‎ So be a good sport in whatever you do！　　　　　20　　　　　 When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isn't the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fun, getting exercise, and improving your skills!‎ A．Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways.‎ B．On the contrary, bad sportsmanship is all about disrespect.‎ C．The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others.‎ D．Players' parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow.‎ E．We can be good sports by encouraging others but not laughing at them.‎ F．Starting as a good sport earlier will help you be a good sport as you get old.‎ G．If you're a good sport on the field, you'll also likely be a good sport in the classroom.‎ ‎【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.G20.C ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是体育精神以及如何培养孩子具有体育精神。‎ ‎16.根据本空后的“They yell at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees.”可知，此处说的是不好的体育道德表现为不尊重，下文是具体的表现，故B项符合语境。‎ ‎19.根据本空后的“Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace. ”可知，此处应该提到a good sport in the classroom，故G项符合语境。‎ ‎20.根据本空后的“When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isn't the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things”可知，此处是说你所做出的榜样会影响别人，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎【名师点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，一定要注意上下文逻辑关系的暗示，特别是空格后新出现的名词，往往就是答案依据，比如本篇的第4题，空格后面Being a good sport in the classroom暗示空格处一定会出现a good sport in the classroom，从而很容易地确定答案。‎ ‎【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2017届高三5月押题】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ People have problems People have to remember passwords for everything, from their email to online banking and internet shopping.　　　　16　　　　 A leaked Yahoo database showed that the most popular passwords were still “123456” and “password”.　　　　17　　　　‎ These people are trying to make life easy for themselves. 　　　　18　　　　 Hackers(黑客) have gotten very good at what they do, with more capable tools than ever, and those tools can work so well because we are still really bad at choosing and remembering passwords.‎ Researchers from the UK’s Lancaster University, as well as the Peking and Fujian Normal universities in China, tested passwords. 　　　　19　　　　 They guessed passwords for more than 73 percent of ordinary users, accounts. Hackers could even guess a third of the harder passwords in 100 tries, reported the Daily Mail.‎ According to researchers from Bloomberg Businessweek, using upper and lower cases(大小写) in your password is a good way to make is safer. Adding numbers and/or symbols to your password can also be of great help. Choose a nine-letter password that includes numbers and/or symbols; this would take a hacker’s computer hundreds of years to break, Also, never use personal information as a password. 　　　　20　　　　 Experts suggest that a user should change his or her password every 90 days to keep hackers guessing.‎ A. Passwords were short.‎ B. Use different passwords for different accounts.‎ C. A password must be difficult to be guessed by others.‎ D. Many people used simple combinations of their name, age or birthday.‎ E. They tried to guess passwords based on people’s personal information.‎ F. But they are also making it easy for hackers to break into their accounts.‎ G. So it’s easy to understand why many of us would pick something simple and easy for our passwords.‎ ‎【答案】16.C17.D18.F19.E20.B ‎【解析】本文是一篇介绍密码相关内容的说明文，文章开头介绍现如今密码界的现状，人们是如何设定密码的，接着介绍了黑客是如何攻克人们密码的，再者介绍了人们该如何设定密码来提高账户的安全性。‎ ‎16.细节理解题，根据上文内容“People have to remember passwords for everything, from their email to online banking and internet shopping.”人们不得不记住所有事物的密码，无论是电子邮件还是网上银行还是网络购物。C项意为密码必须很难被他人猜中才可以”该句比较符合上下文故该空选C.本题考察了考生对于文章开头部分内容的理解，旨在促进考生对文章的理解能力。‎ ‎17.细节理解题，根据“A leaked Yahoo database showed that the most popular passwords were still “123456” and “password”.”一项泄露的雅虎数据表明，现如今最受欢迎的密码仍旧是123456和 ‎“password”故本题选择D本题考查了考生对于文章前后段落相关性的理解程度，有助于加强考生阅读理解分析问题的能力。‎ ‎18.细节理解题，根据上文内容“These people are trying to make life easy for themselves.”这类人群正在尝试让生活变得简单一些。联系上下文故本题选择F.本题考查了考生对于文章中单句话的理解，通过仔细阅读单句抓住该句所要表达的深层含义，以达到更好理解文章的目的。‎ ‎19.细节理解题，根据下文内容“ They guessed passwords for more than 73 percent of ordinary users, accounts. ”他们猜测超过百分之73的常规用户和账户的密码。故本题选择E。该题旨在考查考生理解上下文的能力，通过上文中讲到一般用户密码的设定过于简单，引出下文的受到黑客攻击，是考生更好的理解文章内容。‎ ‎20.细节理解题，根据文章下文内容“Experts suggest that a user should change his or her password every 90 days to keep hackers guessing.”专家们认为每九十天更改一次密码以确保他们账户的安全。得知人们应当为不同的账户设置不同的密码，故本题选择B项。本题旨在考查考生对于文章内容的理解，通过更好的掌握文章内容来达到做题准确的目的。‎ ‎【河北省衡水中学2017届高三下学期仿真模拟（五）】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Is it necessary to learn when we are 50s, 60s or even 70s?Most people consider when they get retired, they are supposed to be completely laidback, do something fun, or hang around.　16　 It’s particularly important to the elderly.‎ Through learning, we know how to think, how to memorize, how to ask questions and even how to interact with others. According to a study, while we are learning, “the brain creates neural(神经)pathways” that make us smarter. 　　　　17　　　　 The more we learn, the mote new  neural pathways develop in our brains.‎ When it comes to learning, it doesn’t mean we must load ourselves with lots of knowledge. What we need to do is just learn something we like day in and day out. 　　　　18　　　　 Everyone learns from bottom to up. If we have an interest to learn, that desire will naturally push us to move forward.‎ As we feel worn out from learning, don’t be discouraged.　　　　19　　　　 An old saying goes, “Birds of a feather fly together.” As long as we have partners to learn all together, our learning excitement will come alive again. On the contrary, if we don’t learn, and choose ‎ to distance ourselves from other, we might be getting dumb, and slow; eventually, we lose energy, and life passion. Instead of being bored, dumb, why don’t we keep learning?‎ ‎　　　　20　　　　 More importantly, learning explores our life horizon, helps us build up our confidence; gradually, it leads us to a way of finding a sense of value and ach.‎ A. It’s never too old to learn.‎ B. Don’t worry if we cannot learn well.‎ C. You should set a high learning target.‎ D. Learning makes us understand how potential we are.‎ E. Look for a partner who has the same common interest as you do.‎ F. In other words, our brains are active as we learn something new.‎ G. However, the truth is that learning makes us energetic, and self-fulfilled.‎ ‎【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.E20.D ‎【解析】活到老，学到老。学习使我们了解我们的潜能，帮助我们树立信心。‎ ‎16.G 根据上句：大多数人认为他们退休了，他们应该是完全放松的，做一些好玩的事情。再根据空格下句：这对老年人尤其重要。可知此空的意思应该是：然而，事实是，学习使我们充满活力，实现自我。根据句意可知选G。‎ ‎17.F ‎18.B 根据下句：每个人都是自下而上学习的，也就是从基础学起。可知上句的意思是：如果我们学得不好，别担心。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎19.E 根据下句：俗话说：“鸟飞在一起。”可知上句要表达的意思是：找一个和你有共同兴趣的伙伴。根据句意可知选E。‎ ‎20.D 此空位于句首，根据下文：学习探索我们的生活视野，帮助我们树立信心。可知此空的意思是：学习使我们了解我们的潜能。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首 1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。本题第5小题，此空位于句首，根据下文：学习探索我们的生活视野，帮助我们树立信心。可知与下文是一种并列关系，故选D。‎ ‎【河北省衡水中学2017届高三下学期二模】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Master Your Deadlines The struggle begins in high school,sometimes earlier.Deadlines,and lots of them,start to pile up.At college,the pressure sometimes leads to last-minute rush and unsatisfactory work.At work,failing to meet deadlines can easily get you fired.　　16　　.Here are a few best practices.‎ ‎●Assign deadlines to what matters.‎ If the task isn't of high importance,don't set a speci6c deadline.In this way,you are able to keep it on your radar for a while without feeling pressured.　　17　　.This will provide just enough pressure to ensure you get it done.‎ ‎●　　18　　.‎ Set a personal deadline for yourself a day or two before the actual deadline.　　19　　.If you're working with a group of people,add in even more time to account for potential follow-ups and the need for approvals.‎ ‎●Keep communicating.‎ ‎　　20　　.This means letting others know when something is taking longer than expected,when a delivery didn't come in,when a client is not providing the necessary information,etc.Although it may feel embarrassing to admit that something is not on schedule,being honest is much better for relieving your stress.‎ A.Plan for flexible hours B.Finish your project as early as possible C.But if an activity is urgent,set a deadline immediately D.In this way,you'll never have to stay up late and feel stressed E.But handled properly,deadlines can actually improve productivity F.Whenever you feel challenged to finish work on time,communicate G.So if anything takes longer than expected,you can still wrap it up and submit it on time ‎【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.G20.F ‎【解析】人的一生充满着奋斗、挣扎与各种压力。比如工作之后的各项工作都要按时完成。否则你会失去工作。文章给出了一些好的实践方法解决这些问题和压力。‎ ‎16.E考查对上下文顺承关系的理解能力。句意：奋斗始于中学，有时更早。随之各种期限接踵而来。在大学里，压力有时会导致考试临时抱佛脚和不满意的作业。在工作中，不能按时完成工作，可以使你很容易被解雇。___1__。以下是一些最佳实践。从设空的前后语境可看出是转折的，故选E项。‎ ‎17.C考查对上下文顺承关系的理解能力。句意：如果任务不是很重要的话，不要设定一个特定的截止日期，这样你就可以有一段时间没有压力，___2__，这将提供足够的压力来确保你完成它。故设空前后是一种转折关系，即如果任务“很重要，很紧急（urgent ）”，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎18.A考查考生对上下文顺承关系的理解能力。根据本段的内容“给自己制定一个比实际截止日期提前一到两天的限制。……如果你和一群人一起工作，就要花更多的时间来考虑潜在的后续行动和批准的必要性。”可推断出，本段是讲要留出一些弹性时间，故A项适合作本段小标题。‎ ‎19.G考查对上下文顺承关系的理解能力。此空前句意：为自己制定一个比最后期限提前1－2天的期限。所以（这样的话）即使有事要花更多时间的话，也可圆满完成任务了。wrap …up圆满完成；故选G项。‎ ‎20.F考查对上下文顺承关系的理解能力。本段中心句“Keep communicating”（要保持交流）。空后句意：就是让别人知道所做之事所需要时间比预期的长。推知所做的事是不能按期完成才要交流。故选F。‎ ‎【名师点睛】七选五题型解题时，可看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。或是上下句意的意义相反。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。‎ 比如第２小题。本空的上文“If the task isn't of high importance, don't set a specific deadline. In this way, you are able to keep it on your radar for a while without feeling pressured.” 如果任务不是很重要的话，不要设定一个特定的截止日期，这样你就可以有一段时间没有压力。而此空的下句“___2___This will provide just enough pressure to ensure you get it ‎ done. ，___2__，这将提供足够的压力来确保你完成它。有压力的自然就是重要的，故此句对应着urgent（紧急）。故可推断出C符合。‎ 如第５小题，在本段中出现了与challenging相关的词语。如“This means letting others know when something is taking longer than expected” 可知，花的时间比预期的长，有挑战性。再下一句提到“…admit that something is not on schedule”不能按期交。从这几点可推测也感觉完成工作有困难，这些提示正符合F中的内容。故第5小题选F。‎ ‎【广东省惠州2018届高三第一次调研】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ My father used to be an amateur wrestler and national champion. He was forced by his father to give up the sport in order to obtain gainful employment, which meant he wouldn’t be able to win a medal for our country. Therefore, he made a vow that his unborn son would 　16　‎ He was about to give up hope when one day, my younger sister Babita and I beat up two boys accidentally in response to critical comments. My dad found our potential to become wrestlers and began coaching us. 　　17　　 We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have a short haircuts to avoid lice.‎ ‎　18　 We would complain about him all the time. Gradually, I realized that he wanted us to have a good future and not grow up to be ordinary housewives. Motivated, we willingly participated in his coaching.‎ With great efforts, he made us competitive wrestlers and I won the junior and senior championships, providing me with a chance to gain training in a National Sports Academy, where pride and agony fulfilled my mind. 　　19　　 As a result, I found myself losing every match at the international level. After that, I tearfully made peace with papa and turned to him for help. Then he coached me patiently.‎ Despite difficulty, I finally became the first Indian female wrestler to qualify for the Olympics, inspiring dozens of Indian women to take to wrestling. Even now, papa’s words are still in my mind “ Geeta, think about all the girls who are thought to be inferior to boys, girls who are forced to do chores, girls who are married and have children. Not only will you compete with other countries, but also with those who look down upon women!”. I will never forget out father’s instruction. 　　20　　‎ A.But his methods were cruel.‎ B.I almost abandoned what papa had taught me.‎ C.Disappointingly, my mother gave birth to all girls.‎ D.My sister and I tried to escape.‎ E.I will always owe all success to him.‎ F.At first, my sister and I did not understand our father.‎ G.however，my mother didn’t agree with him.‎ ‎【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.B20.E ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”的爸爸曾经是摔跤运动的全国冠军，迫于生活他放弃了摔跤，他把所有的希望寄托在将来的儿子身上，但是“我”和妹妹都是女孩。一天爸爸发现了我们身上的摔跤天赋，并开始对我们进行严格训练，最终“我”成为了奥运冠军。‎ ‎18.本段讲述了“我们”对于爸爸的残酷的训练方式从不情愿到接受的心态的变化。本空应该和下一句在情感上保持一致，是抱怨、不理解、不接受的。故选F。‎ ‎19.本段主人公是“我”，从下一句“As a result, I found myself losing every match at the international level.”中可知，“我”总是失败，前文中“我”不断胜利，拿到冠军。说明在National Sports Academy的这段时间内“我”退步了，故选B。‎ ‎20.本段提到了爸爸的话，并且“我”不会忘记爸爸的话。从全文来看，“我”的成功与爸爸是分不开的，成功与爸爸同在。故选E。‎ ‎【广东省华南师范大学附属中学2017届高三第三次模拟】根据短文内容，从文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Whether you want to improve your writing skills as a creative writer or simply perfect your skills for schoolwork, you can take some steps to learn how to be a better writer.‎ ‎1. Use active instead of passive voice.‎ In English, the most basic sentence structure is S-V-O: Subject-Verb-Object. The passive voice usually requires more words and use of a “to be” verb form, which can suck the energy out of your writing. Learn to avoid these constructions as much as you can.　　　16　　 It conventionally uses the passive voice to put the emphasis on the results, rather than the researchers.‎ ‎2. 　　　　　17　　　　‎ Finding the right verb or adjective can turn an uninspired sentence into one people will remember and quote for years to come. Look for words that are as specific as possible. Strong doesn't mean obscure, or more complicated. Don't say "utilize" when you could say "use." 　　　　　18　　　　‎ ‎3. Cut the chaff.‎ ‎　　　19　　 You don't get points for saying in 50 words what could be said in 20, or for using multi-syllable words when a short one does just as well. It might feel good at first to pack a lot of ideas and details into a single sentence, but chances are that sentence is just going to be hard to read. If a phrase doesn't add anything valuable, just cut it. 　　　　20　　　　 If you notice that your writing is filled with "-ly" words, it might be time to take a deep breath and give your writing more focus.‎ A. Use strong words.‎ B. Show, don't tell.‎ C. Good writing is simple, clear and direct.‎ D. The main exception to this is science writing.‎ E. Cutting the chaff is best done at the editing stage.‎ F. "He sprinted" is not necessarily better than "he ran."‎ G. Don't write "screamed fearfully" -- "scream" already suggests fear.‎ ‎【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.C20.G ‎【解析】本文以如何提高英语写作水平为话题，提出了几点意见，帮助大家提高自身英语写作水平。‎ ‎16.本段标题是“Use active instead of passive voice.”而此空后文为“It conventionally uses the passive voice to put the emphasis on the results, rather than the researchers.”‎ ‎，两者是对立关系，因此此空为过渡句，表转折。选项D“ The main exception to this is science writing”中的“ exception”符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎17.   此空是对下文的总结概括并且其形式要与上下文一致。本段落主要讲述了在英语写作方面要注意词汇使用。由“ Strong doesn't mean obscure, or more complicated.”可得选A。‎ ‎18.根据“Don't say "utilize" when you could say "use." ”当你可以说 "use."时，不要说"utilize" ，此空应与前文是顺承关系，举出相应例子。故选F。‎ ‎19.根据标题“Cut the chaff”切除无用的部分；“You don't get points for saying in 50 words what could be said in 20”你不能用50个词来表达你的观点20个词的意思是什么， 可得知此空应该起总领下文的作用，故选C。‎ ‎20.本段主题是“Cut the chaff”切除无用的部分，根据上下文得知此空应是为观点举例论证，故选G。‎ ‎【福建省漳州市2017届高三5月质量检查】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Become a Morning Person?‎ Here are some habits you can focus on that can help you become a better morning person:‎ ‎　16　‎ For five minutes each morning, write three things you are grateful for today. Practicing gratitude about what we have going for us can restructure our brain to focus on positive things.‎ Always have breakfast If you’re pressed for time, pick something. A breakfast gives you energy and it’s fuel for your brain.‎ Try reflecting Reflecting early in the day, even for 10 minutes, help to “clean” your brain of any disordered thoughts.　　　　17　　　　With an app called Headspace you can try a guided 10-minute reflection.‎ Get moving To really wake your entire body up, pick any type of physical.　　　18　　　or it can be something shorter and even simpler: a morning yoga routine.‎ Light Leave your bedroom curtains open.　　　19　　　, holding back melatonin（褪黑素）production and waking you up. Try to expose yourself to as much sunlight as possible.‎ Enough sleep This might seem obvious but most Americans don’t get enough sleep these days. And if you’re short on sleep, you’ll tend to sleep late. With time, that will push you into a later and later sleep cycle.‎ ‎　　20　　 Some people seem to be morning people, some night people.‎ A. Develop a positive attitude B. Force yourself to get up in the morning C. Keep a gratitude diary D. It can be an exercise at the gym E. It’s not as difficult as it sounds F. This will allow natural sunlight to come in G. And finally remember that people differ ‎【答案】16.C17.E18.D19.F20.G ‎【解析】本文主要介绍了成为一个早起的人所要培养的一些良好的习惯。‎ ‎16.本空属于小标题类。可根据本段第一句For five minutes each morning, write three things you are grateful for today.是让你每天早上写三件你今天感激的事情，还有第二句的关键词gratitude更是一个很好的提示，故选C。‎ ‎19.本段标题是光，且由空前一句Leave your bedroom curtains open.可知让卧室的窗帘开着别拉起来，这样就会有阳光照进来，故选F。‎ ‎20.根据空后一句Some people seem to be morning people, some night people.可知有的人是早起的人，有的是夜猫子，所以人和人是不同的，故选G。‎ ‎【福建省厦门市2017届高三第二次（5月）质检】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Create a Mind Map Most of us think visually but we write textually. 　　　16　　　 It also makes the information we list more difficult to process, remember, and share.‎ ‎　　　17　　　 It combines the brain’s visual nature with our tendency to write down words. We end up with a diagram that combines logic and order in a less structured manner. This promotes clearer thinking and better comprehension. 　　　18　　　‎ So, how do you create a mind map? The most basic method is to just use a pen and paper, or a marker and whiteboard. It begins with a central topic or idea, then flows outward. 　　　19　　　 The next level of topics is represented by branches extending from it.‎ There aren’t really any rules for creating mind maps. While most flow outwardly from the central topic, some users prefer to build mind maps in one direction. 　　　20　　　 This can make groups of ideas easier to identify and remember. It also makes a mind map more enjoyable to create and use.‎ Mind maps are extremely effective for taking notes, planning a project, brainstorming an idea, presenting information to others, and many other uses. Take out your pen and have a try.‎ A. They help to clarify thinking.‎ B. This goes against how our minds actually work.‎ C. They help us save time by focusing on key issues.‎ D. A mind map is the perfect answer to this dilemma.‎ E. Think of it as a tree, where the central point is the trunk.‎ F. It’s also a lot more enjoyable than simply writing down lists.‎ G. Others like to add colors, pictures, or symbols in their mind maps.‎ ‎【答案】16.B17.D18.F19.E20.G ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何去构建思维导图以及思维导图的特点和作用。‎ ‎16.根据前一句Most of us think visually but we write textually.（我们大多数是形象化思考，但是用文本写出来），再根据下一句话It also makes the information we list more difficult to process, remember, and share.（它也使我们列出的信息更难处理、记住和共享。）可推知，空白处也是讲思考与书写方式的不同造成的弊端。纵观7个选项，只有B项符合题意。故选B。‎ ‎17.根据下一句话It combines the brain’s visual nature with our tendency to write down words.（它结合了大脑的视觉特性和我们写字的倾向。）可知，此处的it指的就是mind map，因此前一句话应该是对mind map的介绍，来引出mind map这个主题。故选D。‎ ‎18.根据前一句话"This promotes clearer thinking and better comprehension. ___3___"可知，这是对mind map作用的肯定评价，只有F项符合题意。故选F。‎ ‎19.根据前一句话"It begins with a central topic or idea, then flows outward."可知，其后应该是对“中心主题”的一个介绍，如何去构建“中心主题”。故选E。‎ ‎20.根据前一句话"some users prefer to build mind maps in one direction."可知，一些人喜欢这样，而另一些人喜欢那样，接下来就是对另一些人做法的描述。故选G。‎ ‎【名师点睛】七选五旨在考查学生对全文整体理解以及对于上下文逻辑关系的把握，做此题时首先需要先了解文章的整体结构，尤其要弄清楚每一段的中心句，弄清文章大意，然后再把7个备选项浏览一下，最后再综合上下文进行推理判断。通过通读全文，了解到文章主要讲述的是如何构建思维导图。然后再结合上下文进行选择。‎ 例如，第2题，根据"It combines the brain’s visual nature with our tendency to write down words. "可知，it有所指，它指代的名词肯定在前文中。根据下文可知此处讲的是思维导图的原理及作用，所以it指代的正是mind map。因此前一句话应该是对mind map思维导图的介绍，来引出mind map这个主题。故选D。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Ways to Conquer Fear Life can be scary. Sometimes you’ll face situations that put you in a position where you feel unprepared. 36 If you’re often filled with fear, there are a few things you can do to lessen those feelings. Here are four tips for conquering your fear.‎ ‎1. Take a deep breath Breathing exercises will help lower your heart rate and calm your nerves. 37 In this way, you’ll be able to calm down and focus. ‎ ‎2. Face your fear One way to get over a situation that makes you fearful is to face your fear head on. For example,‎ ‎ if you’re afraid of public speaking, accept opportunities to speak in front of people. 38 ‎ ‎3. Pay attention to negative thoughts Your thoughts have a great influence on how you feel. When you focus on how afraid you are, the fear will become worse. Continuing to feed negative thoughts will just make you feel bad and anxious. 39 Take control of your anxious thoughts and replace them with self-affirming ones.‎ ‎4. Grab a partner ‎ 40 Having a support system will make it easier for you to deal with fear. Studies have shown that a support network aids in emotional well-being.‎ A. Don’t let your fear rule you.‎ B. Making friends is not very difficult for us.‎ C. Not knowing what to expect can result in feelings of fear and anxiety.‎ D. Seek a friend to team up with you to tackle (处理)your fears.‎ E. So when you’re struck with panic, breathe deeply.‎ F. It is time you should do something to get rid of your fear.‎ G. Start with a small group and then work your way to a larger audience.‎ ‎【文章大意】生活有时候是可怕的，它会让人突然间处于一种手足无措，令人恐慌的境地。那么我们应该如何去克服自己的恐惧呢？在文中作者介绍了四种有效的方法。‎ 解析：‎ ‎37.E. 【解题思路】根据空后in this way可以判断该空是给人们的建议，而本段内容是让人们在感到恐惧时要深呼吸，故选E。信息提示词是 breath和breathe。‎ ‎38.G. 【解题思路】本段内容是建议人们正视自己的恐惧，空前内容是接受在众人面前讲话的机会，而G选项内容也是给人们在方面的建议，故答案选G。‎ ‎39.A. 【解题思路】本段内容提到消极的想法会影响人们的感觉。空后内容是要求人们控制自己消极的想法，而A选项内容也是对人们在这方面的警告，内容符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎40.D. 【解题思路】根据小标题中的partner和后句中的a support system可以判断作者建议人们要找朋友来共同面对恐惧，故答案选D。‎ ‎2.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ President Trump has proposed solving the drug crisis (危机) by putting drug dealers to death. 36 And it’s an improper solution (解决方法) to a public health crisis that harms families, children and entire communities across the nation.‎ Children are entering foster care (代养) because their parents are addicted to drugs, and the tendency is only getting worse. 37 Therefore, we can keep these families together and protect our most valuable resource: our children.‎ Between 2012 and 2016, the number of children in foster care increased by more than 10% — bringing the total to nearly half a million. 38 ‎ Shockingly, in the past eight years, the number of children leaving home because their parents abuse drug is nearly 4 times larger. 39 ‎ In these same districts where the drugs addicted are everywhere, our youngest children are hit especially hard. Many suffer as a result of their parents’ addiction: In 2016 alone, 676,000 children were victims of abuse and neglect. 40 ‎ A. Some are in favor of it.‎ B. It is a reminder of the failed War on Drugs.‎ C. This rapid increase interrupted a decade-long downward trend.‎ D. And about 29% of the ill-treatment victims were younger than 3.‎ E. This crisis demands a response focused on treatment and prevention.‎ F. This particularly happens in districts with higher levels of drug prohibition and drug deaths.‎ G. Where there are higher levels of drug prohibition and drug deaths, there are more children leaving home.‎ ‎【文章大意】特朗普为解决毒品危机建议处死毒贩。这是不恰当的解决方法，因为这会导致更多儿童因失去父母而进入到代养行列并遭受虐待。解决毒品危机需要关注的是预防和帮助戒毒，而不是处死毒贩。‎ ‎36. B根据该空白后的“And it’s an improper solution to a public health crisis”可知：it指代putting drug dealers to death。所给选项中只有A项、B项涉及到解决毒品危机的方法。若使用A项，后一句应该使用but或however连接。后文的and暗示B项“它(这个解决办法)使人想起了失败的禁毒斗争”正确 ‎37. E 根据该空白后的“we can keep these families together and protect our most valuable resource: our children.”‎ ‎ 可知E项“应对这种危机需要预防和治疗(帮助戒毒)”正确，因为这样才能保全涉毒人的家庭和孩子。‎ ‎38. C似乎在38、39、40的空白处使用C项都可以。但根据排除法，得知此处应该使用C项，因为除C项之外的剩余选项不适合用在此处。‎ ‎39. F 下一段中的“In these same districts”暗示此句一定含有districts，即F项。‎ ‎40. D 上句中“victims”暗示此处使用D项，因为D项中的“the ill-treatment victims”指的就是上句的“victims，即676,000 children。‎ ‎3.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ There’s plenty of facts  on why recycling is important. The world population is growing, and currently each human being adds waste to the planet over his or her lifetime. In New York alone, people produce enough trash in one day to fill the entire Empire State building. In most developed countries it’s not too difficult to make a difference. 36_.  If everyone reused their copy of a single edition of The New York Times, we could save 75,000 trees.‎ Recycling basically involves turning used materials that are labeled as recyclable over to your local waste facility designated as “recyclable” materials to be taken and reused as material for a new purpose. A recyclable product is turned back into a raw form that can be used to create a new and different product.   37_____.‎ ‎ 38____.Not all materials may be recyclable. Check with your local recycle center to find out what you can and cannot recycle. You’ll notice that recyclable products are labeled with numbers from 1 to 7, 1 being the most recyclable, and 7 being the least recyclable.‎ You’re no doubt aware by now why this is so important. However, the effort involves not only recycling existing products, but purchasing products that have already been recycled.39_____. To purchase products made from reused materials, simply look for a recycling symbol and language on the product’s packaging. ‎ Another way to help the planet is to simply cut down on the amount of non-recyclable materials you throw out. What’s a good way to do this? 40______. If you forget, insist on paper, and pack as many goods in one bag as possible, without double bagging.‎ A. And what a difference we can make?‎ B. What you can recycle depends on your area.‎ C . To met these targets, more people must take action regularly.‎ D. Everyday we use a variety of products to fulfill our basic needs. ‎ E. One of the most effective ways is to bring your  own reusable bag to purchase groceries.‎ F.  Today, thanks to a strong push in the green movement recently, you’ll notice more and more products made from recycled materials.‎ G. The natural resources on our planet earth are limited so we must make the most to conserve, recycle and reuse whenever possible.‎ ‎36---40 A G B F E ‎ ‎【语篇解读】 随着人口的增长，资源的回收再利用是非常重要的。每个人应该从自我做起，尽可能地选择可以回收再利用的产品。‎ ‎36 A 根据上文内容可以判断出此空是对上文的延伸：从国家到个人。下文内容是对上文内容的的回答。再把握关键词make a difference.故选A。‎ ‎39 F 根据下文内容：要想买可以再利用材料的产品， 只需要看一下包装的的回收标志和语言，可以判断出前文应该是：现在由于环保行动的推动，你将会看到越来越多的由可回收材料制成的产品。故选F。‎ ‎40.E 根据空前句：What’s a good way to do this?可以判断出此空应该陈述如何减少使用不能回收的材料的方法。故选E。‎ ‎4.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Treat Your Life Like A Road Trip ‎ We’ve all heard “life is a journey”. In my opinion, it is the final road trip with your Life Map helping you. Here are five of the Life Map Guide definitions.‎ The backseat drivers The backseat drivers are people you have allowed to control you in some way. When you're driving, you have someone in the backseat telling you how to drive or which way to go. 36 Recognizing who the backseat drivers are will help you set boundaries and remain authentic. ‎ The passengers The passengers are people who are by your side through thick and thin. They give you a shoulder to cry on. They help when things are tough. 37 That is because you know you aren't alone whatever you may be going through.‎ Your GPS ‎ 38 That's your GPS kicking in to guide you. Your intuition(直觉) is powerful and it's there to help you move in the right direction. ‎ Fork in the road When you have a tough decision to make, you meet a fork in the road. Then look back on other big decisions you've made and how you ended up coming to a conclusion. 39 It also helps to listen to your GPS as it can lead you to a wise decision.‎ Refill your tank We've all had times when we've felt low. When you're in that place it can be really challenging to pull yourself out of it. What really helps is being aware of what it takes to refill your tank. 40 ‎ A. They celebrate your successes and believe you.‎ B. Knowing who these people are gives you a sense of safety.‎ C. You'll be surprised how you can come up with some brilliant ideas.‎ D. Do you remember changing your direction in time to avoid an accident?‎ E. It's no different when you have someone in your life telling you what to do.‎ F. You know that feeling when something feels extremely right or extremely wrong?‎ G. Think about what brings you joy and take action to put more of that into your life.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，在文章作者把人生比作自驾车的公路之旅。与你同甘共苦的家人们就是你的乘客；你心灵的导航就好比汽车的导航，而且在行程中你要时不时地给自己加油，也就是要时常给自己激励。‎ ‎36. E 【解题思路】根据上句可知人们在驾驶汽车时会有别人给你指挥，告诉走哪条路，如何开车，而在人生中同样也有这样给你指路的，告诉你如何去做的人，和E选项内容衔接，故选E。‎ ‎37. B【解题思路】根据前句中的they可知此处指复数概念的名词，和these people呼应；再根据后句解释的原因可知，知道有人陪伴人们会有安全感，故选B。‎ ‎38. F【解题思路】根据后句内容可知此处指人们的直觉就是内心的导航，that指代单数名词，和that feeling呼应，故选F。‎ ‎39. C【解题思路】根据上文内容可知，作者建议人们在人生的岔口，需要做出艰难的选择或者决定的时候，要回顾一下以前自己做出的选择，这样有助于解决目前的情况，想出好的办法，故选C。‎ ‎40. G【解题思路】本段介绍当人们处于低谷的时候，应该要想想快乐的事情，给自己重新注入一些动力和活力，故选G。‎ ‎5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎ 36 ‎ Snowboarders, delighted! North America gets a lot more snow than previously imagined—so much that each year if spreading equally across the continent, it would add up to about 19 centimeters. 37 ‎ ‎ 38 In the analysis, researchers used computer simulations (模拟) to calculate the typical annual snowfall in each of 11 North American mountain ranges. Researchers used supercomputer to simulate the regional climate. 39 Although those ranges together cover only about 25% of the area stretching from the Arctic Ocean down to Mexico’s southern border, they get about 60% of its snow, the researchers report in Geophysical Research Letters. That’s nearly three times the amount for mountain snow from one previous study.‎ The researchers combined their new result with another team’s value for snow in the continent’s non-mountainous areas. 40 That’s enough to cover no-ice-covered areas of the continent to a depth of about 6.4 centimeters (2.5 inches) of water once it melts. Good luck when that refreezes.‎ A. How those figures are obtained?‎ B. Those figures come thanks to a new analysis.‎ C. And if piled up only in Ohio, the snow would be up to 45 meters deep.‎ D. And if gathering only in the United States, the snow would be 10 centimeters deep.‎ E. North American mountains get almost 3 times the amount of the snow previously thought.‎ F. And they calculate that North America each year gets about 5052 cubic kilometers of snow.‎ G. And they found that those mountain ranges receive about 3018 cubic kilometers of snow a year.‎ ‎【文章大意】科研人员使用超级计算机模拟北美洲的气候得知：每年北美洲山区的降雪量是人们原来估计量的三倍。若平均覆盖该大陆，会堆起19公分厚的雪。‎ ‎36. E 根据该空白所处的位置可知它是本文的标题。一般说来标题要用确切的表述来点名短文的主题，尤其是有关科研方面的短文。所给七个选项只有是E项可独立表达一个研究结果，因此此处使用E项。‎ ‎37. D 上一句中的if spreading暗示下文使用含有if的句子，D项、E项都具备充当答案的可能，但E项所表达得结论不符合事实，因为美国是北美洲中的一个国家，美国的面积小于北美洲的面积。‎ ‎38. B 后一句In the analysis暗示前一句一定含有a --- analysis，定冠词the的用法和行文习惯都确定了这一点，那么只有B项正确了。‎ ‎39. G 前一句说：科研人员使用超级计算机模拟本区域(北美洲山区)的气候。此处应该填模拟结果(北美洲山区年降雪量)，而结果必须小于下文的5052立方千米(整个北美洲年降雪量)，即G项。‎ ‎40. F 前一句说：科研人员把最新实验结果(北美洲山区的每年降雪量)与其它团队得出的北美洲非山区的每年降雪量合计。得出北美洲每年降雪总量：5052立方千米，即F项。‎ ‎6.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Ways to teach kindness to kids There is lots of information about teaching children about kindness. 36 Children may or may not listen to what we say, but they commit just about everything we do to memory - for better or worse. The best thing that we can do for our children is to be our best selves. 37 It means paying attention to little opportunities to treat other people with care and respect.‎ Here are several suggestions to get you started:‎ ‎ 38 Make a habit of tipping servers 20 percent or more. Talk with your child about how servers are often not paid enough to live well. Make a math lesson of figuring out the tip. Model saying please and thank-you, to teach servers are people not robots.‎ ‎ Invite someone who deserves appreciation to dinner - a school crossing guard, a soccer coach, or so on. 39 ‎ Have a letter-writing or card-making night, when everyone in the family sends warm wishes to an elderly or sick relative - or strangers who live in a nursing facility in your town.‎ Talk about what makes people tick. 40 When it is over, ask your child what might have been going on. Was the person in a bad mood because his boss yelled at him? Was he impatient because he was worried about a sick friend? Also talk about how the person could have handled the situation better, to teach that it is possible to be kind, even when you are in a bad mood.‎ A. Develop a good habit.‎ B. Tip and talk about it.‎ C. Discuss how to deal with different people.‎ D. This doesn’t mean turning your life inside out.‎ E. Have your child help prepare meals and make a thank -you card.‎ F. However, I think that kindness is best taught by example.‎ G. When someone’s behavior makes you angry, breathe deeply.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了父母如何去培养孩子的善良。‎ ‎39. E前句内容介绍邀请一些人来吃饭，所以要让孩子帮助做饭。故选E。‎ ‎40. G 根据空后内容可知，本段介绍自己被人惹恼了后在孩子面前应该如何去做。故选G。‎ ‎7.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Ways To Manage Stress Creatively Stress is a huge problem for us all. Here’s what I’ve learned and apply to manage stress using my creativity.‎ ‎1. 16__‎ Putting my creativity and my work first, I often neglected to eat, exercise, even stand up from my desk. I spent the whole year in non-stop pain – constant doctors which only caused me to feel depressed, sad and useless. I now realize that how I feel physically (and mentally) is more important than the work I create. Taking care of myself includes all natural remedies（疗法） such as acupuncture（针灸）, herbs and vitamins as my only form of medicine. I’m learning how to say no to social pressures, in favor of my own well being.‎ ‎2. Don’t worry about what other people think of you.‎ This is easier said than done, but I promise it does come with age. 17 A lot of people do offer unsolicited （自发的） advice. It is human nature to want to help other people. But if that advice is coming from a place of control or judgment, RUN in the opposite direction.‎ ‎3. Don’t Compare.‎ ‎___18 _Most people are not as happy as they describe themselves to be. The best advice I ever heard was this… Don’t compare your inside to other people’s outside. Be open to new experiences, be kind to yourself and accepting of the journey which is life. Being present means not thinking into the future, or harping on the past. The coolest thing about being present is that CREATIVITY LIVES IN THE MOMENT. 19 ‎ ‎4. Your intentions matter.‎ ‎__ 20____ What was your intention? I remind myself to enjoy the process of my creative fun stuff, it’s for me. If others like it, great, but it’s the enjoyment of my creative intention, in the moment, that I treasure.‎ 答案 16-20 DGEBF A. Stop judging.‎ B. Each moment is UNIQUE.‎ C. We have to work in order to live.‎ D. Take care of yourself---Mind AND Body.‎ E. Stress is often caused by comparison to others.‎ F. It’s important to remember why you started doing something.‎ G. No one cares about what you’re doing unless what you’re doing affects them.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何用自己的创造力来管理压力。‎ ‎16. D 根据Taking care of myself includes all natural remedies（疗法） such as acupuncture（针灸）, herbs and vitamins as my only form of medicine. I’m learning how to say no to social pressures, in favor of my own well being.可知： 照顾自己的方法包括所有的自然疗法，如针灸、草药和维生素（唯一可以算药物的东西）。为了有利于我自己的幸福，我在学习如何对社会压力说“不”。故选D。‎ ‎17. G 根据黑体字Don’t worry about what other people think of you.可知：不要担心别人是怎么看待你。可知如果你所做的事情对他们没有影响或者益处，没有人会关心你在做什么。故填G。‎ ‎18.E 根据黑体字Don’t Compare.可知不要跟他人比较。也就是与别人的比较往往会引起压力。故选E。‎ ‎19.B根据前面的句子The coolest thing about being present is that CREATIVITY LIVES IN THE MOMENT.可知最酷的事情是要创造性生活在当下。故填B。‎ ‎20. F 根据黑体字Your intentions matter.“你的初衷很重要”可知重要的是你要记住为什么开始做某事。故填F。‎ ‎8.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Thank You Notes: The Essential Life Lessons There is no greater gift for any of us to give our friends and family than the gift of gratitude. 36 Take a quiet moment to think about the blessings of the season and write a thank you note to everyone who made it special for you.There are some life lessons from thank you notes.‎ ‎ 37 Even a child can make some lines on paper, help pick out a pretty stamp, and lick the envelope. This helps create a sense of ownership, confidence, and contribution.‎ Thank you notes strengthen communication skills. Wherever you are, no skill matters more than the ability to communicate clearly and sincerely. It conveys reliability ,confidence and thoughtfulness. 38 ‎ Thank you notes remind you about what matters. 39 But when we write a thank you note we have to locate within ourselves some way to be grateful and find some way to express it. We do not find happiness in what we get. We find happiness in being grateful for what we have.‎ ‎ 40 Not, "Thank you for the sweater. It is cool," but "Thanks for the sweater! Not, "Thanks for the game," but "We had a blast playing that game.‎ I think you will soon discover that the more thank you notes you send, the more you become aware of how much there is to be grateful for, and how good it feels to let people know you appreciate them.‎ A. Everyone can write a thank you note.‎ B. Maybe the gift was thoughtless.‎ C. And that can begin with thank you notes.‎ D. Thank you notes must have specific details.‎ E. There is no other way to convey this message.‎ F. You can even write to people you do not know.‎ G. Those are the qualities that inspire people to trust and respect you.‎ 文章大意：本文介绍了写感谢信给人们带来的好处。写感谢信可以让人们更有同情心，也更懂得感恩；还可以增强人们沟通的技巧；此外，写感谢信也可以让人们从中获得快乐。‎ ‎38.G考查对上下文的推理判断能力。空前内容reliability ,confidence and thoughtfulness都是关于人品质的用词，和F选项中Those are the qualities……内容匹配，故选G。‎ ‎39.B考查对上下文的推理判断能力。从But可知前后内容是转折关系，根据语境判断选B。‎ ‎40.D考查对上下文的推理判断能力。根据空后内容可知作者建议写感谢信时要具体，而不要笼统，选D ‎9.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The secret to losing weight isn’t just watching what’s on your plate; it’s also about watching what’s in your glass. 36 ‎ ‎1. Water We all know this one, but it’s important to remember that water is the single best choice for effective weight loss. 37 Try adding fresh lemon slices, cucumber, and even a slice of tomato to add flavor(滋味) without adding many calories.‎ ‎2. Vegetable juice Whether in a can, bottled, or homemade, vegetable juice is an excellent way to get the nutrients your body needs to fuel your weight loss. 38 ‎ ‎3. Unsweetened tea ‎ 39 Try it hot or iced with a bit of honey for a low-sugar sweet drink. Don’t forget black tea, too! ‎ ‎4. 40 ‎ A morning cup of an iced coffee can also help speed up your weight loss. Also, coffee has been shown to help to promote metabolism(新陈代谢). Just be careful about what you add to your coffee — stick to very little sugar.‎ A. Black coffee B. Think water is boring?‎ C. Water is necessary for our body?‎ D. Green tea can let you get rid of fat more quickly.‎ E. Green tea has been proven to help speed up weight loss.‎ F. If you can find a low-sodium(钠) variety of juice, even better.‎ G. Here are four tasty ways to drink up without packing on the pounds.‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了欲减肥人们喝什么饮品、怎么喝以及饮品对于减肥的作用。‎ ‎36. G 下文叙述了四种饮品的饮用方法及其作用。此处应该使用引入该话题的句子G。‎ ‎37. B 根据下文“Try adding fresh lemon slices, ﹍ to add flavor(滋味) ﹍.(为了增加滋味尝试往水里添加新鲜柠檬片……)”可知：B项“认为水是乏味的吗？”符合语境，因为下文没叙述水的必要性。‎ ‎38. F 选项F中的juice与副标题2. Vegetable juice中的juice相对应；F项用在此处也符合逻辑。‎ ‎39. E 根据副标题3. Unsweetened tea中的tea确定D或E为备选答案；再根据后文“also help speed up your weight loss”而选定E，因为also要求所在句与上文对应的句子必有相同之处。‎ ‎40. A 最后一段叙述了有关咖啡(coffee)的内容，因此副标题4应该是Black coffee。‎ ‎10.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Be a Good Pet Owner ‎ Pet-sitting can be very rewarding and profitable. This is certainly something you should think about doing if you love animals. Here's the information you will need to get started.‎ ‎1.Give them food and water. ‎ Any living being needs water in order to survive. 36 It’s best to change the water daily to keep it clean.‎ Give your pet the food meant specifically for that type of pet. It helps even more if it’s the same food it ate before you got it. 37 Do not overfeed or not give it enough food ‎2. 38 ‎ Typically a pet’s habitat should be clean, so it is a good environment for the animal. Clean it at least once a week or any other times if necessary, otherwise the animal will get sick more, feel unhappy, and may even become more aggressive .‎ ‎3. Socialize with your pet. ‎ Always pay attention to the animal. 39 Some pets suffer separation anxiety when their ‎ owners are away. They may chew or scratch up furniture in their anxiety. Try to avoid this.‎ ‎4. Make sure your pet is healthy.‎ ‎ 40 Bad teeth and refusing to play or even eat could mean something is wrong. Try to get your pet to the vet at least once a year! Your pet will thank you for giving it a healthy lifetime.‎ A. Bathe your pet and keep it clean.‎ B. Always give your pet the right amount of food.‎ C. Pets are mainly meant for companionship.‎ D. You’d better check the water first with your hand.‎ E. But make sure the water is fresh and clean.‎ F. Often check for signs of illness.‎ G. Clean the cage of your pet often enough.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题36】E ‎【小题37】B ‎【小题38】G ‎【小题39】C ‎【小题40】F ‎【解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】动物是人类的朋友，宠物和人们的关系尤其密切。如何才能照顾好宠物呢？在本文中作者介绍了几个要注意的方面，比如，要给它们干净的水和清洁的居住环境，要时常陪伴它们以避免它们感到孤独。‎ ‎【小题36】E 考查理解和推理判断能力。根据前后句内容可知此句和water有关，要给动物干净的饮用水，故选E。‎ ‎【小题37】B考查理解和推理判断能力。后句内容是不要给动物太多食物，也不要给的不够吃，故B选项符合语境。‎ ‎【小题38】G 考查对文章的理解概括能力。在本段中作者建议宠物的居住环境要保持干净，故G可以概括本段的意思。‎ ‎11.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How do actors and actresses memorize hundreds of lines? Memorizing lines takes practice and constant repetition. However, there are a few ways to make the memorization process run smoothly and quickly.‎ ‎ 36 ‎ For most performers, there is no quicker way of memorizing lines. To learn lines, an actor must recite the play loud over and over again. Most rehearsals (彩排) encourage this by running through the lines or having a “read through”. By the time opening night arrives, most actors have spoken their lines hundreds of times.‎ Listen to your cast members.‎ Sometimes inexperienced actors spend rehearsals looking at fellow performers, waiting patiently to say their next line. 37 This will help the actor learn his lines better because the context of the dialogue is absorbed.‎ ‎ 38 ‎ Because there is often not enough rehearsal time, many performers find ways to listen to the play’s dialogue during everyday activities. They use a tape recorder or an MP3 player to listen to the lines from each relevant scene (剧情). Some actors prefer to record the lines of all the characters, including their own. 39 Others like recording the lines of fellow cast members(参演人员), and they leave a blank space so that they can insert their dialogue while listening to the recording.‎ Think positively and don’t panic.‎ Most actors will experience stage fright before the opening night. Actors forget lines now and then. When it happens, however, most of the time the audience never notice. If you forget a line in the middle of your performance, don’t freeze. Stay in character. Keep the scene going to the best of your ability. If unfortunately you forget a line once, you will probably never ‎ forget that line ever again. 40 ‎ A. Record your lines.‎ B. Practice makes perfect.‎ C. Read lines loud and repeat them.‎ D. Read lines loud and remember them in a short time.‎ E. Sometimes embarrassment is the toughest method of memorization.‎ F. Then, they not only listen carefully, but they also speak all of the lines.‎ G. Instead, they should be listening carefully, responding in character at all times.‎ ‎【文章大意】常常在电影或电视剧中看到男主角或是女主角在演戏的时候台词对答如流，一点差错也没有，是否会惊叹不已？是演员们的记忆力好，还是他们有特殊的记忆方法？本篇文章为你揭晓其中的奥秘。‎ ‎36. C。考查上下文和句意理解。根据下文的句子“For most performers, there is no quicker way of memorizing lines. To learn lines, an actor must recite the play loud over and over again. ” (对于绝大多数演员来说，没有快速的记忆台词的方法。要学会台词，一个演员必须反复地大声背诵这个剧目)可知此处应该填“Read lines loud and repeat them. ”(大声朗诵台词并且重复台词。)，才能和下文相吻合，而B项的意思为：熟能生巧，放在这里指向不够具体。故答案选C。‎ ‎37. G。考查上下文和句意理解。根据上文的句子“Sometimes inexperienced actors spend rehearsals looking at fellow performers, waiting patiently to say their next line. ”(有时没有经验的演员们用排练的时间看着其他的演员们，耐心地等待着去说他们下一句台词。)可知此处答案应该是: Instead, they should be listening carefully, responding in character at all times. (相反，他们应该一直仔细地倾听，任何时候都要从角色的角度来作出反应。)，即告诉没有经验的演员们正确的做法。故答案选G。‎ ‎38. A。考查上下文和句意理解。根据下文的内容“They use a tape recorder or an MP3 player to listen to the lines from each relevant scene (剧情). Some actors prefer to record the lines of all the characters, including their own. ” (他们使用一个磁带录音机或一个MP3播放器来听每一个相关剧情的台词。一些演员喜欢录下所有角色的台词，包括他们自己的。)可知，此空的内容应该是：Record your lines. (录下来你的台词。)所以答案选A。‎ ‎39. F。考查上下文和句意理解。根据前面的内容“They use a tape recorder or an MP3 player to listen to the lines from each relevant scene (剧情). Some actors prefer to record the lines of all ‎ the characters, including their own. ”(他们使用一个磁带录音机或一个MP3播放器来听每一个相关剧情的台词。一些演员喜欢录下所有角色的台词，包括他们自己的。)和后面的内容“Others like recording the lines of fellow cast members (参演人员), and they leave a blank space so that they can insert their dialogue while listening to the recording. ”(其他的人喜欢录下参演人员的台词，并且他们也留空以便他们在听录音的时候能插入他们的对话。)可知此处应该填Then, they not only listen carefully, but they also speak all of the lines.(接下来他们不仅仔细听，而且听所有的台词。)这一句是用来承接上下文的。所以答案是F。‎ ‎40. E。考查上下文和句意理解。根据上文的句子“If unfortunately you forget a line once, you will probably never forget that line ever again. ”(如果不幸地是有一次你忘记了一句台词，你可能永远不会再忘记那句台词了。)可知此处应该是：Sometimes embarrassment is the toughest method of memorization. (有时尴尬就是记忆的最艰难的方法。) 所以答案是E。‎ 考点：考查信息匹配 ‎12.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Everyone knows that exercising is really good for you. It improves your health, and leaves you feeling really relaxed and energetic. Everyone also knows that 36 , as we try to juggle everything we need to do in a day.‎ It really is difficult to find time to go to the gym. Who actually has an extra 2 hours a day to exercise when 37 ? Sometimes exercise can seem like a real schlep (累赘), mostly because it just doesn’t fit into your schedule comfortably.‎ Most health experts advise you to exercise at least 30 minutes a day to stay fit and healthy. Okay, so 30 minutes isn’t so much, but that still doesn’t make it easier to find 30 minutes! The good news is that research has shown us that if you only exercise for 10 minutes 3 times a day 38 Did you know that? Think about a cash tin — if you keep putting coins in, by the end of the day, it all sums up. That is the same as exercising throughout the day.‎ Now that 39 , but rather 10 minute intervals, what do you do, and how can you incorporate this you’re your current lifestyle easily? This is where you need to start getting creative. Quit those weight loss plans, pills, and diets and try a different, much easier approach to feeling energized and more productive.‎ Are you ready to change the way you think about exercise and unleash your imagination and ‎ creativity? The point is, you don’t need to be in a gym with all the best equipment to build your muscles and tighten your tummy – 40 ‎ A. finding time to exercise is impossible B. it is just as effective as 30 minutes continuously!‎ C. It is less effective than 30 minutes continuously!‎ D. it is the movement that counts, not the machinery!‎ E. you don’t even have time to get through your daily tasks F. you know you don’t need to find 30 minutes continuously G. finding time to exercise is one of the biggest challenges we face ‎【答案】‎ ‎36．G ‎37．E ‎38．B ‎39．F ‎40．D ‎36. G。考查上下文和句意理解。根据后文：“由于每天，我们还要同时处理一切必须做的事情，”可知“抽出锻炼时间是我们面对的最大挑战之一。”符合逻辑。故G项正确。‎ ‎37. E。考查上下文和句意理解。根据上文：“有谁实际上每天可抽出2小时的锻炼时间”可知“在你没有时间完成日常任务时” 符合逻辑。故E项正确。‎ ‎38. B。考查上下文和句意理解。根据上文：“好消息是科研结果表明如果你每天抽出三个10分钟锻炼”可知“其效果与连续锻炼30分钟相同”符合逻辑。故B项正确。‎ ‎39. F。考查上下文和句意理解。根据后文：“确切地说只是三个10分钟”可知“既然你知道你没必要必须抽出连续的30分钟”符合逻辑。故F项正确。‎ ‎40. D。考查上下文和句意理解。根据上文：“你不一定非得在拥有锻炼器材的体育馆里来增强你的肌肉和腹肌”可知“重要的是锻炼而不是体育器材”符合逻辑。故D项正确。‎ 考点：考查信息匹配 ‎13.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ‎ Tips on How to Improve Your Self-Confidence Do you have trouble building up your self-confidence? 36 Everybody has trouble building up one’s self- confidence in today’s world. The key is to be persistent and to find the ways to improve your confidence so you can be successful in life. Here are some suggestions to increase your confidence in your life.‎ ‎1. 37 ‎ It is important to know what you are good at. Taking a skills assessment test is a great way to determine your strengths and weaknesses. Once you realize your skill sets, the next step is to focus on those things that you are good at doing.‎ ‎2. Remember your successes. ‎ Many people downplay(不重视)their successes and focus on those things they struggle with. This is a mistake. 38 Do not downplay the positive parts of your life. Stop focusing on the negative parts of your life and instead concentrate on your past achievements. ‎ ‎3. Think about your future.‎ ‎ 39 Do not live your life for others. Spend a lot of time and energy thinking through what you really want in life and decide what you really want to achieve. Once you determine what you want to accomplish, then write it down and use it as motivation.‎ ‎4. Talk to others.‎ It is important that you talk to other successful people in order to get a better perspective of your life. Listening to other people’s challenges and accomplishments can go a long way in feeling better about yourself. 40 ‎ A. If so, you are not alone.‎ B.Success is a sign that you once worked hard.‎ C. Know your weaknesses and strengths.‎ D. Be aware of what you are not good at.‎ E. Take time to think about what you really want out of life.‎ F. You can also learn how to find ways to overcome your obstacles in your life.‎ G. Always remind yourself of your past accomplishments however small they are.‎ ‎【文章大意】自信是人们快乐以及成功的关键。那么如何提高自己的自信心呢？在本文中作者介绍了几种办法，比如要知道自己的长处和短处、要考虑到自己的未来等等。‎ 答案：36—40 ACGEF ‎【小题36】A 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句问到你是否在树立自信方面有困难，而后句又提到每个人都会在树立自信方面存在困难，由此判断所填句能够起到承上启下的作用，故选A。‎ ‎【小题37】C考查对文章的理解和总结归纳能力。本段建议人们要知道自己的长处和短处，提示词是strengths and weaknesses，故选C。‎ ‎【小题38】G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据标题＂Remember your successes.＂判断该段和成就有关，而G选项中的accomplishments和positive parts，past achievements相照应，故选G。‎ ‎【小题39】E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据标题＂Think about your future.＂可知本段是建议人们要思考未来，思考、决定自己想要什么，而E选项的内容恰好符合语境，故选E。‎ ‎【小题40】F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句介绍倾听别人遇到的挑战和取得的成就会带来的好处，而F选项是介绍另一个好处，故选F。‎ ‎14.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Every mom or dad knows how it’s difficult to cope with a baby who doesn’t want to sleep. 36 You can do some chores while your little one is sleeping. There are a few things that you may want to try when your baby won’t sleep.‎ ‎1. Rocking ‎ 37 Almost every nursery contains a rocker for this reason. For instance, I rocked my daughter and I really loved each moment of it.‎ ‎2. White noise If your baby has trouble falling asleep, it can be a difficult time for the whole family. It may sound strange, but white noise can work wonders to calm your baby. 38 I recommend you to try sounds such as ocean waves, the wind rushing through the trees or the sound of rain. Soft music can also be calming to your child.‎ ‎3. Sleeping pattern ‎ 39 It’s very important to have your child on a schedule and have a sleeping pattern. This way, your baby will sleep regularly and it will make your day and night easier to plan.‎ ‎4. Pretend to asleep yourself While it’s not very effective way to help your baby sleep, if you don’t know what else you can do, this way is worth trying. When you’re lying down with your little one, pretend to be asleep yourself and see if it works. 40 ‎ A. It can help your little one be more ready for a sleep.‎ B. It can help your baby grow healthier and brighter soon.‎ C. One of the best ways to help your baby sleep is rocking.‎ D. Your baby needs naps and you as a parent need them too.‎ E. When you play music loudly enough, your baby will sleep quickly.‎ F. When your house is quiet and everyone is quiet, your baby may fall asleep too.‎ G. One of the reasons you baby has trouble sleeping is because they don’t have a schedule.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎36．D ‎37．C ‎38．A ‎39．G ‎40．F ‎【文章大意】 每位父母都会因为不愿意睡觉的孩子而发愁，那么当孩子不愿意睡觉的时候，你该如何做呢？摇晃孩子，让孩子听些海浪声、雨声或是轻柔的音乐，假装让自己睡着等方法或许会有所帮助。你不妨一试。‎ ‎38. A 考查上下文和句意理解。根据下文“I recommend you to try sounds such as ocean waves, the wind rushing through the trees or the sound of rain. Soft music can also be calming to your child. ”可知，海浪声、风掠过树梢的声音、雨声及轻柔的音乐都可以让你的孩子平静下来”。另外本段的小标题是White noise即有利于睡眠的声音，所以不能选B，因为B项与上下文没有关系。故正确答案选A。‎ ‎39. G 考查上下文和句意理解。根据下文“It’s very important to have your child on a schedule and have a sleeping pattern. ”可知，让你的孩子有作息时间表并且形成一种睡眠习惯是很重要的。因此空处应是“你的孩子很难入睡的一个原因就是没有作息时间表”。故答案选G。‎ ‎40. F 考查上下文和句意理解。根据上文“When you’re lying down with your little one, pretend to be asleep yourself and see if it works. ”可知，当你和孩子躺下来，假装你自己睡着了，看看是否会起作用。因此“当你的房子安静了，每个人都安静了的时候，你的孩子也可能会入睡”符合逻辑。故正确答案为F。‎ 考点：考查信息匹配 ‎15.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ‎ Everyone wants to be happy, but do you know the secret about it? Here I’d like to share with you some tips on happiness from the kind bear Winnie the Pooh.‎ ‎1._______36______‎ ‎“You can’t stay in your corner of the Forest waiting for others to come to you. You have to go to them sometimes.” It’s easy to get locked into a reactive mindset. You just follow along with whatever is happening. ____37_____.You react to whatever is going on. You tend to feel powerless and like you are just drifting along in life. So in order not to get lost in your circumstances, you should be the one who takes action first and takes the lead.‎ ‎2. Keep conversations simple and positive.‎ ‎“It is more fun to talk with someone who doesn’t use long, difficult words but rather short, easy words like “What about lunch?”___38___ Of course, everyone wants positive, focused talks where it is interesting to listen, communicate and exchange ideas.‎ ‎3. Appreciate the little things.‎ ‎“Nobody can be uncheered with a balloon.” 39 . If you just allow yourself to be happy when accomplishing a big goal or when you have some great luck, you will make life harder than it needs to be. Instead, focus on appreciating things that you may take for granted. 40 . It might not sound like much. But this simple two- minute exercise can help you to uncover a lot of the happiness that is already in your daily life.‎ A .What do people want in a conversations and relationships?‎ B. You do the same as people around you do.‎ C. Listen to all the things you can’t hear, and don’t bother ‎ D. Take two minutes and find things in your life you can appreciate right now.‎ E. Learn to be active. Take the lead.‎ F. Daily happiness is to a large part about appreciating the small things.‎ G. Send others balloons whenever possible 文章大意：本文主要介绍了善良、快乐的小熊维尼的幸福小贴士。不要过随波逐流的生活。要保持简洁积极向上的对话。学会欣赏生活中微不足道的小事。‎ ‎36. E. 本段中心内容是建议人们要走出自己的圈子，主动去结交朋友，根据本段末句So in order not to get lost in your circumstances ,you should be the one who takes action first and takes the lead.可知E选项内容可以概括本段中心，故选E。‎ ‎37. B 空格前后句均是讲述人们被动地去解决问题，随波逐流的内容，而B选项也是对人们被动、不积极状况的描述，内容符合语境，故选B。‎ ‎38. A 空后内容是介绍人们都喜欢听积极乐观，主题集中的对话，由此判断这恰好是对A选项问题的回答，信息提示词：want，故选A。‎ ‎39．F 本段段落小标题是让人们学会欣赏微不足道的事情，从中获得快乐，而后句内容建议人们不要总是满足于大的成就，由此判断F选项内容符合语境，与后句构成对比关系，故选F。‎ ‎40. D 根据空后内容But this simple two-minute exercise……可以判断上文提到了“two minutes”，信息提示词：two minutes，故答案选D。‎ ‎16.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Do you remember the last time you read a book, or a magazine? ___36___ If you’re one of those who don’t make a habit of reading regularly, you might be really out. Here are some benefits of reading.‎ ‎1. Stress Reduction ‎ No matter how much pressure you have at work, in your personal relationships, or other issues in daily life, it all just slips away when you lose yourself in a great story. ____37___‎ ‎2. Knowledge Everything you read fills your head with new information, and you never know when it might come into use. ___38___Besides, you might lose everything else —your job, your money, even your health, but knowledge can never be taken from you.‎ ‎3. Vocabulary Expansion ‎ The more you read, the more words you gain exposure to. ___39___Then you might become more knowledgeable and well-spoken, which can increase your self confidence and even help you get promotions more quickly. ‎ ‎4 Better Writing Skills Exposure to well-written work has a great effect on your own writing. In other words, writing styles of other authors will influence your own work. ___40___‎ ‎ Now that reading has so many benefits, step away from your computer and go hunting for something new to read! ‎ A. That is why beginners always learn how to write by reading the works of others.‎ B There are also many sources online where you can download free e-books.‎ C. A well-written novel can bring you pleasure, and allow you to relax.‎ D. The more knowledge you have, the better-equipped you are for your life.‎ E. As a result, this will gradually enlarge your everyday vocabulary.‎ F. Is checking e-mails or updating microblog your daily reading habit?‎ G. This goes hand-in-hand with the expansion of your vocabulary.‎ 文章大意：书籍是人类灵魂进步的阶梯，在本文中作者介绍了读书的一些好处。比如，读书可以缓解压力，让人在阅读中得到放松。阅读还可以让人增长知识，而且不可避免地能够增加人们的词汇量，使人更加博学。‎ ‎36. F考查对上下文语境的理解。 前句询问人们最后一次阅读的时间，后句是关于人们的阅读习惯，都是关于人们是否经常进行阅读的内容，而F选项也是询问人们的阅读习惯，并且在句式上和上句构成排比，内容符合语境，故选F。‎ ‎39. E考查对上下文语境的理解。本段介绍阅读可以扩大人们的词汇量，而E选项内容也是和词汇量的增加有关，可以承接上下文，故答案选E。‎ ‎40.A考查对上下文语境的理解。上文讲述好的作品可以影响人们的写作技巧，也就是说通过阅读人们可以提高自己的写作水平，由此判断A选项内容可以承接上文，故答案选A。‎ ‎17.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ What is the purpose of reading or studying? If you can’t remember what you read or study, it will be a waste of time. 36 One useful aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading.‎ Why does a clerk in a store go away when your reply to her offer to help is, “No, thank you. I’m just looking.”? Both you and she know that if you aren’t sure what you want, you are not likely to find it. But suppose you say instead, “Yes, thank you. I want a pair of sun glasses.” She says, “Right this way, please.” It’s quite the same with your studying. If you choose a book, “just looking” for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that—nothing. 37 Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying “to find out more about”, “to understand the reasons for” and “to find out how”.‎ ‎ 38 Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, “I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America”. Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better.‎ Reading is not one single activity. 39 As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation with the author.‎ This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes. 40 One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions. Facts can be checked by evidence. Opinions are one’s own personal reactions. Another part of critical reading is judging sources. Still another part is drawing accurate inferences.‎ A. This is an effective studying way.‎ B. In other words, a good reader is a critical reader.‎ C. You remember better when you know what you’re reading.‎ D. At least two important processes go on at the same time.‎ E. It is important for students to have a positive attitude to their study.‎ F. But if you do know what you want, you are almost sure to get it.‎ G. Perhaps you have already discovered some good ways to keep yourself from forgetting.‎ ‎【答案】36. G 37. F 38. A 39. D 40. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎36. G。考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据下文：One useful aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading．可知：可能你已经发现一些好方法，让自己不要健忘，答案是G。‎ ‎37. F。考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据上文：If you choose a book, “just looking” for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that—nothing．可知：但是如果你知道你想要什么，你一定会得到的，答案是F。‎ ‎38. A。考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据下文：Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, “I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America”. 可知：这是一个有效的学习方法，答案是A。‎ ‎39. D。考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据上文：Reading is not one single activity.可知：至少有两个重要的过程同时进行，答案是D。‎ ‎40. B。考查句意理解和上下文串联：根据下文：One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions．可知：换句话说，一个好的读者是会批评的读者，答案是B。‎ ‎18. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Sometimes willpower is a lot like the television remote control hard to find just when you want it most． 36 But there are ways to increase your willpower．‎ Don’t try to change your economic situation, win a promotion and lose weight all on the same morning. Set one clear, specific goal and make a realistic plan to achieve it．Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so don’t spread yourself too thin． 37 ‎ ‎ Whatever your goal is, don’t expect to achieve it overnight． 38 If you are trying to kick a coffee habit, start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water, instead of promising never to drink coffee again. Congratulate yourself on the small achievements. These successes help your willpower grow．‎ ‎ 39 Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help. If your credit card bills have risen, for instance, let friends know that you are cutting ‎ back on expenses. Suggest having a common dinner instead of meeting at an expensive restaurant. Find a support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meetings. You can get valuable advice, understanding and information.‎ ‎ If possible, change your environment to encourage positive behavior．Want to get in shape? Keep an extra set of workout clothes in your office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home．Quitting smoking? 40 ‎ ‎ A. Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and healthy one can be difficult．‎ ‎ B. Improve your willpower by a support network．‎ ‎ C. Change your environment to change your life．‎ ‎ D. Focus on one goal at a time．‎ ‎ E. Changing your behavior requires more than willpower．‎ ‎ F. Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up．‎ ‎ G. Real success takes time．‎ ‎【文章大意】本文讲述的是提高我们的意志力的重要性和多种不同的方法 ‎36.A根据下句But there are ways to increase your willpower.有很多提高意志力的方法，句首的but说明前句与这句有转折关系，故G项：去除坏习惯和养成新习惯都很困难符合上下文 ‎37.D根据前句Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so don’t stretch yourself too thin.可知锻炼前面的意志力需要额外的精力。所以不要一下子设很多的目标，那样不现实，一次一个即可。故B正确 ‎38.G 根据前句  Whatever your goal is, don’t expect to achieve it overnight.不要指望一下子就成功。也就是指：真正的成功是需要时间的。故A正确。‎ ‎39.B根据下句Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help.可知可以向别人求助，不要单独靠自己。也就是说要靠一个支持的网络来提高自己的意志力。故D正确 ‎40. F 根据前句Quitting smoking?可知我们要克服抽烟一些不好的生活习惯，故F项内容Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up.避免去酒吧或者餐厅，因为在那里你很容易就被吸引再次抽烟。‎ ‎19. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesn’t mean that we let them rule ‎ our lives forever. One day or the other, you’ll have to stand up and say – problem, I don’t want you in my life.‎ ‎ 36 Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children – the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shapes and colors and feelings.‎ But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.‎ Talk, it really helps. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. 37 Talking helps you move on and let go.‎ Write your problems. 38 When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.‎ Don’t lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family… you should still have faith. 39 ‎ ‎ Your problems aren’t the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, there’re another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. 40 Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed.‎ ‎ Go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.‎ ‎ A. Of course, we’ve been fighting troubles ever since we were born. ‎ ‎ B. When we have a problem, a pressing, critical, urgent, life-threatening problem, how do we try and solve it?‎ ‎ C. Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.‎ ‎ D. But the truth is that when you talk about it, you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.‎ ‎ E. We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.‎ ‎ F. Tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why can’t I?‎ ‎ G. With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.‎ ‎【文章大意】文章主要讲的是怎样处理生活中遇到的问题。问题常常伴随我们的日常生活，我们有时候会想把问题解决掉。一个人从出生就开始跟麻烦打交道，遇到问题并不可怕，问题是可以被解决的。‎ ‎36.A根据第一段“you’ll have to stand up and say – problem, I don’t want you in my life.”和第二段“Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children – the list goes on.”可知，问题伴随一个人的一生，A项“当然，自从我们出生的那一刻起，我们就在和麻烦作斗争”起到了衔接上下文的作用，故选A。‎ ‎37.DWhat most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help.大多数人都会认为，自己的问题只有自己能够解决，说出来也没有用。D项转折，强调把问题说出来能够释放内心积压的消极情绪，故选D。‎ ‎40.F根据“No matter what problem you get in life, there’re another one million people whose problems are huger than yours.”可知，本段讲的是，自己遇到的问题不会比他人的严重，F项“告诉自己：他们都能把问题解决掉，自己为什么不能？”符合句意，故选F。‎ ‎20. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ First Job Search Tips Keep in mind that you may not get the first job you apply for, or the second... A job search can take time, especially if you don't have much experience. Here's how to ensure you're a top-notch candidate for the jobs you are applying for. ‎ Be Persistent. Wait a few days, then follow-up your application with a phone call to the hiring manager reiterating your interest. If you have applied in person, stop in again and mention that you are really interested in the opportunity. ‎ Don't Stop. Don't apply at one place and wait for the phone to ring. Complete as many job applications as you can, and consider a variety of positions. 36 .‎ ‎ 37 . Applicants who are only available for limited hours are less likely to get hired than those who are flexible as to when they can work. For example, one candidate for a summer job told the employer that they were only available on Wednesday afternoons and Saturday mornings. ‎ Compare that to another applicant who selected "any" on the Hours Available section of the job applicant and you can see why the second applicant got the job. ‎ Use Your Connections. 38 . Does your mom shop regularly at the store where you'd like to work? If so, have her mention that you're looking for a job. That's how I got my first job and how my brother got his first job at the drug store across the street. ‎ Dress Appropriately. When applying for jobs, dress as though you had the job. If you're applying for a retail position, for example, visit the store before you apply to see what the staff is wearing.‎ ‎ 39 . When in doubt, dress up, not down. ‎ Don't Give Up. Job searching isn't easy, especially when you don't have much experience or many skills. 40 . Your first job will be a stepping stone to your next job - and to your future career. ‎ A．Don’t stop to look for a job.‎ B．The more you apply, the better chance you have of finding a job. ‎ C．Be Flexible.‎ D．It will give you an idea as to how you should dress.‎ E．You shouldn’t apply for different jobs at the same time．‎ F．If you have a connection, use it.‎ G． Keep trying and keep applying and you will find a job.‎ ‎36-40BCFDG ‎38.根据Use Your Connections.可知这里叙述的是要尽量利用可以利用的关系来为你的服务。故选F。‎ ‎39.根据visit the store before you apply to see what the staff is wearing.可知这里叙述的是在找工作的时候要注意自己的着装。故选D。‎ ‎40.根据Don't Give Up.可知这里指的是不要放弃找工作，要坚持不懈，最终会找到工作的。故选G。‎ ‎ ‎