中考英语阅读理解

中考英语阅读理解

英语阅读理解 １ In the summer of 1978 an English man named Steven was driving his tractor through a field of wheat when he discovered something strange. Some of his wheat was lying on the ground. The flattened wheat formed(形成)a circle about six meters across . Around this circle were four smaller circles of flattened wheat. Three years later a farmer who lived nearby discovered almost the same circles in one of his fields. These circles were larger—nearly 15 meters across . That same year , another English farmer discovered three circles of flattened wheat on his land—one large circle between two small circles. During the following years, farmers in England found circles in their fields more and more often. The circles are called “crop circles” because they usually appear in fields of wheat or corn. The wheat in the circles lies on the ground but is never broken; it keeps on growing, and the farmers can later harvest it. Farmers always discover the crop circles in the morning, so the circles probably form at night. They appear only in the months from May to September. What causes the crop circles? At first, people thought that some kids were making them as a joke, or that farmers were making them to attract tourists.(In fact, in 1991, two men said they made the circles themselves, but many scientists don’t believe them.) People tried to copy them: They tried to make circles exactly like the ones the farmers had found. They couldn’t do it. They couldn’t enter a field of wheat without leaving tracks, and they couldn’t flatten the wheat without breaking it. Several times people reported seeing stranger objects near the fields where crop circles later appeared. Many people believe that these crop circles are the messages sent by living things from outer space(外层空间)or the marks left by their spaceships. Scientists who have studied the crop circles try to find out what causes them. In the summer of 1990 some scientists spent three weeks in the part of England where many circles have appeared. They had all the latest high-tech equipment(最新高科技设备). The equipment—worth 1.8 million dollars—got nothing. But one night, as the scientists were watching a field, crop circles formed in the field behind them, which were quite different from the others. The scientists had neither seen nor heard anything. When Steven discovered the crop circles on his land in 1978, he said, “It was just like something that had landed in the field from the air and gone back up again. I don’t know what to make of these things.” Crop circles have appeared in England, Japan, the United States and Russia. Experts from all over the world have studied them, and they say what Steven said: They don’t know what to make of these things. 1. Which picture is probably the one formed in the field behind the scientists? 2. “Flattened wheat” means ___________. A. broken wheat B. lying wheat C. harvested wheat D. growing wheat 3. The passage is mainly about something ___________ . A. that is done by living things from outer space B. that cannot be solved but found all around the world C. that cannot be made clear or understood D. that is discovered and copied by the farmers 【解题思路点拨】这篇阅读材料属于难度较大的拉档题，介绍了“庄稼圆圈”这个尚未 揭开的世界之谜。1978 年，一位名叫 Steven 的英国农民在麦田里发现倒伏的小麦形成的一 个直径 6 米的大圆圈，而且在它的周围还环绕着四个小圆。后来，其它农民陆续发现类似情 况，只不过圆的大小和分布不同而已。据目击者称，“庄稼圆圈”通常在 6 月至 9 月份出现， 且在早上被发现。更让人感到惊讶的是，倒伏的小麦并未折断，还在继续生长。有人猜测这 是外星人所为，或许是他们的飞船留下的痕迹。后来，在日本、美国和俄罗斯等国家也发现 了“庄稼圆圈”。科学家们使用最新的设备进行了跟踪调查和研究，结果一无所获。 1. A。解答此题，必须依次弄清田地里留下的圆圈的形状。1978 年发现的是中间有一个 直径约为 6 米的大圆，周围分布着 4 个小些的圆。即如图 B 中的样子。三年后另一农民发 现的几个直径约为 15 米的大圆，他们几乎差不多大，即如图 D 所示的那样。就在同一年， 又有一个农民发现三个圆，一个大些，另两个小，大圆在小圆的中间，如图 C 所示。而科 学家身后的圆圈与别的都不同，由此可以找到答案 A。 2. B。只有真正理解短文所述的内容之后，才能判断出短语“Flattened wheat”的确切意 思。实际上，文中第三自然段中“The wheat in the circles lies on the ground but is never broken; it keeps on growing, and the farmers can later harvest it.”一句已对此短语的意思有所暗示。由 这几句话，可知小麦既不是折断了的，也不是在生长的，更不是已收获的小麦。 3. C。短文中提到很多人相信这是外星人所为 (Many people believe that these crop circles are the messages sent by living things from outer space or the marks left by their spaceships.)，但 是他们并没有证据。因此 A 项不对。虽然很多地方都发现过“庄稼圆圈”，但并不是在全世 界都有，短文中列举了三个国家。故 B 项不对。短文中提到有的农民声称是他们干的，但 也予以了否定。由此，C 项是最佳答案。通盘考虑全篇的意思，人们不懂得为什么麦田里会 出现这种现象，科学家们也没有弄清原因。短文的最后一段说的也是这个意思。 2 Winter is dangerous because it’s so difficult to know what is going to happen and accidents take place so easily. Fog can be waiting to meet you over the top of a hill. Ice might be hiding under the melting (融化) snow, waiting ahead (前面) to send you off the road. The car coming to you may suddenly slip across the road. Rule Number One for driving on icy roads is to drive smoothly (平稳地). Sudden movements can make a car very difficult to control. So every time you either start or stop your car, increase or reduce your speed, you must be as gentle and slow as possible. Suppose you are driving with a full cup of hot coffee on the seat next to you. Drive so that you wouldn’t spill (溅) it. Rule Number Two is to pay attention to what might happen. The more ice there is, the further down the road you have to look. Test how long it takes to gently stop your car. Remember that you may be driving more quickly than you think. Generally, allow twice of your usual stopping distance when the road is wet, three times this distance on snow, and even more on ice. Try to stay in control of your car at all time and you will not get into trouble. 1.The writer tries to _____ in this passage. A. show his dislikes about bad winter weatherB.give information about winter weather C.ask people not to drive in winterD.advise people about safe driving in winter 2.People can _____ after reading this passage. A. find out about the weatherB.get some information on driving lessons C.learn about better drivingD.decide which is the best season for traveling 3.According to the passage, the writer thinks that _______. A. people should not drive in the snow B. drivers should think more about problems in winter driving C. people drive too fast in winter D. winter drivers should stop their cars less 4.In the passage he writer talks about a cup of coffee ______. A. to show how important smooth movements are B. to ask the drivers to bring some soft drinks with them C. to tell the drivers to be more relaxed D. to show how it an be spilled 5.Which of the following is NOT true? A. Traffic accidents take place easily in winter. B. Fog and melting snow often cause car accidents. C. The stopping distance on ice is as long as the usual one. D. In winter you should drive your car with great care. 6.Which traffic sign shows the main idea of the passage? 【解题思路点拨】这篇说明文的大体意思是：由于受山顶上弥漫的大雾或者融雪下面 的冰等等因素的影响，冬季是易发生事故的危险季节。为了行驶安全，要遵循两个原则：一 是平稳驾驶。加速或煞车时，动作要尽可能地轻缓一些。二是提防可能会发生的任何事情。 路面上的雪越多，就应该把视线放得更远些。当路面出现潮湿，有雪、冰等情况时，将车停 下来所需要的时间是不同的。随时准备控制车辆的运行，驾驶员就不会遇到麻烦。 1.D.根据文中的“Rule Number One for driving on icy roads is…”和“Rule Number Two is to pay attention to…”这两句句不难看出，短文的主要内容是就如何在冬季安全驾驶这一问 题，向司机们提出的两点建议。故答案为 D。 2.C.考虑到安全问题，作者提出了在各种恶劣天气条件下开车的注意事项。读完本文后， 人们自然可以更好地驾驶自己的汽车了。所以答案是 C。 3.B.由短文所讲述的内容可知，作者教给人们如何在冰雪上谨慎驾驶及如何平稳地煞车。 由此，可以将 A、C、D 三项予以排除。本题的答案亦可直接从“Rule Number Two is to pay attention to what might happen.”一句中判断出来。 4.A.作者在短文中说到平稳驾驶时，让人们启动、停车或加速、减速时，动作要轻缓。 并举了一个例子，即在座位上放一杯热咖啡，以溅不出来咖啡为宜。用这个例子借以告诉人 们平稳驾驶的重要性。 5.C.A、B 两项的意思在短文的首段可以找到。由短文大意可知，冬季是交通事故容易发 生的季节，因此冬季开车应格外小心，故 D 项也是正确的。实际上，由“Generally, allow twice of your usual stopping distance when the road is wet, three times this distance on snow, and even more on ice.”可以排除 C 项。另外，通过常识，也可以判断 C 项(煞车后，车在冰上向前滑 行的距离与在平常路面上是一样的)是明显错误的。 6.B.短文主要是讲如何在冰雪天气里安全驾驶的。由此可将 C 项(前方有交通事故，减速 慢行)和 D 项(前方修路，谨慎驾驶)筛选掉。而文中也没有提及 A 项(前方有雾，减速慢行) 所表达的意思。故答案非 B 莫属。 3 Four men who would become fathers were in a hospital waiting room while their wives were in labor (分娩). The nurse arrived and proudly said to the first man, “Congratulations, sir. You’ re the father of twins!” “What a coincidence (巧合)! I work for the Minnesota Twins Baseball teams!” Later the nurse returned and congratulated the second father on the birth of his triplets (三胞 胎). “Wow! That’s unbelievable! I work for the 3M Company.” An hour later, the nurse returned to congratulate the third man on the birth of his quadruplets (四胞胎). Surprised, he only could answer, “I don’t believe it! I work for the Four Seasons Hotel!” After this, everyone turned to the fourth man who had just fainted (晕). The nurse ran fast to his side. As he slowly came to himself, they could hear him speak in a very low voice over and over, “I should never have taken that job at 7-Eleven. I should never have taken that job at 7-Eleven. I should never have taken that job at 7-Eleven.” 1.Why were the fathers there? A. They were waiting for their wives.B. They were seeing doctors. C. They were waiting for their babies to be born.D. They were working at men nurses there. 2.Which of the following is true about the third man? A. He thought the nurse made a mistake.B. He was very surprised at the nurse’s words. C. He didn’t want to have these babies.D. He should never have worked at 7-Eleven. 3.Why did the fourth man faint when he heard what the nurse told the third man? A. Hew was afraid of having so many babies.B. He was seriously ill. C. He was too excited. D. He was very glad to have 7 babies. 4.At least how many babies would be born according to the story? A. 9. B. 10. C. 11. D. 14. 【解题思路点拨】这个趣味短篇讲述了这样一件事：四个男子在产房外等待各自的妻子 生孩 子。结果，在 the Minnesota Twins 棒球队效力的男人的妻子生下了一对双胞胎。在 the 3M Company 上班的男人的妻子生下了三胞胎。而在四季旅馆工作的男人的妻子生下了四胞胎。 听到护士的介绍之后，那个在 7-Eleven 公司做事的男人晕了过去。原来，联想到前三人的 工作单位和他们的妻子所生孩子的数目，第四个人生怕自己的妻子生下七个孩子。等他苏醒 过来之后，不住地唠叨，“我真不该在 7-Eleven 上班。”读罢全文，让人捧腹大笑。 1.C。短文首句的意思是“在一所医院的候诊室里，四个即将做爸爸的男人等待着各自 的妻子分娩(孩子的降生)。”所以答案是 C。 2.B。“ Surprised, he only could answer…”一句是解题的依据。因为这个人在四季旅馆工 作，D 项明显是错误的；此人的话语中也没有体现 C 项的意思；综合考虑上面两个人的经 历，及“I don’t believe it! I work for the Four Seasons Hotel!”可知 A 项也不能入选。 3.A。如果是很高兴拥有七个孩子的话，第四个人就不至于说出“I should never have taken that job at 7-Eleven.”这句话。这个人是在听到第三则消息的时候才晕倒的，并不是病得厉 害。由“As he slowly came to himself…”(苏醒过来)也可以将 B 项排除。根据这个人再三重 复的那句话，不难推测出他是害怕拥有那些么多的孩子。 4.B。根据前面三个人的经历，第四个人便依次类推，认为自己的妻子会生下七个孩子。 如果事情真的巧合的话，也许会是这样。但依据生活常识，这个人的妻子至少会生下一个妻 子，算上已经降生的九个孩子，总共是十个。所以答案非 D 莫属。本题是一道考查学生推 断能力的好题目，但选项设计不够合理，通读全文就会很容易排除前三个选项。所以如果将 四个选项设计成：A. 9. B. 10. C. 11. D. 16. 这样会增加题目的迷惑性，更能考查学生的逻辑 推理能力。 4 It is sometimes said that the English are polite people. This can make life difficult for foreigners. Suppose a foreign boy asks an English girl to go out with him and she says, “If I finish my work, I’ll meet you in the cafe at 7 o’clock.” Is she saying “ yes ” or “ no ” to his invitation? In grammatical terms, she is using the conditional structure. By using the conditional, speakers of English can avoid giving a “yes ” or “no ” answer to a question. It enables people to be diplomatic. If the girl doesn’t want to go out with the boy, she won’t turn up at the cafe. She will let him understand she is still working. If she wants to go out with him, but doesn’t want to appear too easy to catch, she has achieved that with her reply. But in this case, as she uses the first conditional that shows probability; she is quite likely to turn up at the cafe. Being polite can make life very difficult! The conditional is often used by people in the news—politicians, for example—who wish to avoid speaking out their ideas. This is very important if they are on their way to discuss an agreement. No one wants to give away his or her points before he or she starts. A government spokesman might say to a group of workers, “If we could pay you more, we would.” The use of the conditional here makes room for argument although the speaker is using the second conditional form, which shows improbability. So it is unlikely the workers will get their rise. “If ” is a small word, which appears often in the English language. It can show politeness, reported speech and conditionals such as the First -- probability -- if I can come to your party, I will; the Second -- improbability -- if I saw you tomorrow, I’d give you the book; and the Third -- impossibility (meaning it is too late to change something that has happened) -- if you have told me, I would have helped you. 注：conditional structure 表示条件的句式 avoid 避免 diplomatic 婉转的 achieve 达到 politician 政客 1. The using of the conditional can make a speech _________. A. clearer B. Quicker C. more polite D. more exciting 2. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Language used in the news should make room to argue. B. Usually English girls are not easy to catch. C. English people never speak out their ideas in public. D. The word “if” can show different meanings. 3. In the passage, “If we could pay you more, we would.” probably means __________. A. the workers will make more money B. the spokesman doesn’t give any promise C. the spokesman keeps his word D. the workers’ problems aren’t difficult 4. This passage is mainly talking about _________. A. the conditional in communication B. how to invite a girl in Britain C. British people and their life D. some language points in daily English 【解题思路点拨】这篇夹叙夹议的小品文难度颇大。短文就条件句在人际交往中的运用 这一内容展开。在日常生活中，英国人是很讲礼貌的，他们通常使用表示条件的句式，以便 使说出的话更委婉些。条件句的使用固然能使双方都不失体面，但它实际上非但不能使谈话 的内容更加清楚，而且使得生活变得困难起来。条件句通常为政客所用，这样可以给他们的 谈话留有商量的余地。文章最后讲到“if”这个词的众多含义，它不仅表示委婉和可能性， 还能表示不大可能，甚至表示不可能。 1.C。短文首句就说英国人很有礼貌。在接下来的第二自然段中，作者举例说明了英国 人使用条件句的目的，那就是为了使自己的谈话委婉些。考虑到“…as she uses the first conditional that shows probability.”和“Being polite can make life very difficult!”这两句话的 含义，可知条件句的使用并不能使谈话的内容更加清楚。恰恰相反，它使得生活变得困难起 来。由此，迷惑性较大的 A 项可予以排除。 2. D。由短文第三自然段所举的例子，可以推断出作者对政客们的这种做法是持否定态 度的，所以选项 A 是错误的。选项 B 仅仅从短文中举的一个例子就得出结论，未免太片面 了些。而 C 项所讲的意思以偏概全，也是不合文意的。短文第四自然段详细说明了 if 一词 的不同含义，它不仅仅可以表示礼貌，用在间接引语中，而且也可以表示可能性、不大可能， 或者不可能。故 D 项是正确的。 3. B。由“The use of the conditional here makes room for argument although the speaker is using the second conditional form, which shows improbability.”这句话，可以看出条件句的使 用给政客们所说的话留有商量的余地。换句话说，政客们表面上好像答应了工人们的请求， 实际上并没有给出什么承诺。因此，只有 B 才是正确的答案。 4. A。短文从一个英国女孩被邀请时的答语，说到政客们的所谓许诺。我们从中不难看 出短 文的主旨，那就是条件句在日常交际中的运用。不言而喻，答案非 A 莫属。 5 Do you know why different animals or pests (昆虫) have their special colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves. Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night. If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be easily seen by hunters (猎人). This is because they have the colors much like the trees. Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid (液体)when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over (散开), its enemies (敌人)cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all. 1.From the passage we learn that locusts________. A. are small animals B. are easily found by birds C. are dangerous to their enemies D. change their colors to protect themselves 2.How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger? A. They run away quickly.B. They have the colors much like their enemies. C. They hide themselves by day and appear at night.D. They have to move quietly. 3.Bears and lions can keep safe because _________. A. they have the colors much like the trees B. they move quietly C. they like brown and gray colors D. they live in forests 4.Why can the kind of fish live up to now? A. Because it is very and strong. B. Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape from its enemies. C. Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies.D. Because it swims faster than any other fish. 5.Which is the best title for this passage? A. The Change of Colors for Animals and PestsB. Colors of Different Animals and Pests C. The Main Use of Colors for Animals and PestsD. Some Animals and Pests 【解题思路点拨】这是一篇科技小品文。其主要内容是：许多昆虫的颜色十分奇特，其 主要用途是用来保护自己。蝗虫身体的颜色随庄稼颜色的改变而做相应变化，这样就不易被 捕食它们的鸟儿发现。有的动物与周围的植物颜色差别很明显，容易被捕食者察觉，只好夜 间出来活动。更奇特的是，有一种鱼，在遇到危险时，会喷射出黑色液体，以掩护自己逃走。 1.D。短文第二自然段一开始讲述的是蝗虫随庄稼颜色的改变而改变自身的颜色。联系 “…but birds cannot easily catch them.”这句话即可得出答案。 2. C。本题所设的问题是：与周围植物颜色差别明显的昆虫如何逃避危险？第二自然段 最后的“So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.”这句话是答案的出 处。 3. A。这也是一道考查表层理解能力的题目。由第三自然段最后的“This is because they have the colors much like the trees.”这句话可以找到答案。 4.B.根据“While the liquid spreads over, its enemies cannot find it. And it immediately swims away.”这两句话可知，这种鱼喷射出黑色液体的目的是让对方看不清自己，然后乘势逃走。 另外，由“…its enemies cannot find it.”可知，这种液体并不是用来杀伤对手的。所以答案 是 B。 5.C.根据短文的叙述和列举的例子，显然可以看出它主要讲的是不同昆虫和动物身上的 颜色的用途。换句话说，该短文是关于动物是如何用颜色来保护自己的。而 A 项中说的动 物身上颜色的改变，B 项中讲的不同动物身上的颜色，这两项虽然也是短文表达的意思，但 并不能概括作者向我们表达的主要意思。故不可入选。 6 It’s important to learn about protecting our environment. Here is a 5R rule for us: 1. Reduce If you want to reduce waste, you should use things wisely (明智地). A large number of trees are being cut down to make paper. If everyone uses a little paper carelessly and throw it out, soon we would not have any trees left. Other things are also being wasted, and people don’t know what to do with the waste in big cities. So it is necessary to reduce the waste. 2.Reuse You should always think of reusing the usable things before throwing them out. Give your clothes you do not use or the ones which too small to the poor. In a family, you may pass on such clothes to younger brothers or sisters. 3.Recycle Bottles, cans (罐子) and paper can easily be recycled. By doing so we save lots of time and money. For example, coke cans are sent to a factory, where they are smashed flat (压平) and melted (融化) and the metal things are made for new coke cans. 4.Recover When you buy a box of apples, there may be few rotten (腐烂的) apples, you have two choices: one is to throw the whole apples away, or you could cut off the rotten parts and use the good parts. In this way, you are recovering the eatable parts of food. 5.Repair If one of the begs of your table is broken, you can repair it. If you want to change for better ones, it is better for you to sell the old things or give them to other people who can use them after doing some repair. It is true that North America is a “throw-away” society, but the time has come to change our way of life so that we can protect our environment. Every one of us should try our best. 1.The “Reduce” rule mainly requires (要求) us _______. A. to use things wisely B. to cut down many trees C. to use a lot of paper D. to throw away your old clothes 2.What’s the right order (顺序) of recycling coke cans? a. collect the used cans b. melt them c. smash them flat d. send them to a factory A. a b c d B. a d c b C. d b c a D. c a b d 3.The “Recover” rule mainly requires us _______. A. to throw waste things away B. to cover waste things with earth C. to get back the useful parts D. to throw the whole things away 5.Which is the best way to do with your broken tables? A. Throwing them away. B. Requiring them. C. Selling them. D. Putting them away. 【解题思路点拨】对生存在地球上的人类来说，保护环境是非常重要的。这篇短文贴近 生活，富有时代气息。全文详细介绍了“5R”方法的具体内容和做法。对增强青少年学生 的环保意识具有十分重要的意义。 1.A.显然，这道题是关于“Reduce”的。根据这段话的首句“If you want to reduce waste, you should use things wisely (明智地).”可知答案是 A。 2.B.题目的要求是，根据回收易拉罐的程序，选出正确的顺序。那么回收易拉罐的具体 步骤是什么呢？根据“Recycle”这部分的内容，我们可以知道：首先要将易拉罐送到工厂 去，然后在那儿将其压平、融化，最后再制成新的易拉罐。联系生活常识，可知在将易拉罐 送往工厂之前，是由人专门将其收集到一起的。因此，正确的顺序应该是：收集旧的易拉罐 ---送到工厂---压平---融化。显然答案非 B 莫属。 3.C.“Recover”这部分的主要意思是说：如果食物存在部分变质的情况，要及早采取措 施，扔掉已经坏掉的部分，保留可以吃的部分。根据这层意思，可知 C 为正确答案。 4.B.本题难度不大，可以从短文中直接找出答案。答案就在“If one of the begs of your table is broken, you can repair it.”一句中。 7 To: President Bush, the White House From: Saddam Hussein, in Baghdad Dear President Bush, Well, you sure ruined (毁掉) my birthday…. OK, you won, and your prize is Iraq. Are you ready for it? I don’t think so. Truth is, I hope you fail. Yes, Iraq was the way it was, in part, because I was the way I was---and I was a bad boy. But what you’re seeing now is that I was the way I was, in part, because Iraq was what it is---a very difficult place to rule (统治) without an iron fist (铁拳). You see, I know the Iraq people didn’t want me. And you will soon find they don’t want you. The big question here has always been: Do they want each other? Can Kurds, Shiite and Sunnis (库尔德人，会叶派，逊尼派) find a way to live together without an iron fist holding them together? If you want to build a self-governing (自治的)country here, you had better understand that “shock and awe (威慑)” is not just for war-making. It’s an everyday tool for running this place. Your powerlessness (无能为力)will make people more afraid than your power. Mr. Bush, I know you are wondering why I didn’t do more to keep away from the war, which ended my political (政治的) life. What in the world was I thinking? Who was I listening to? The answer is: I was listening to myself. Don’t make my mistakes. 1.Who do you think is the real writer of the letter? A. Kurds. B. Saddam. C. A news reporter. D. Bush 2.What ended Saddam’s political life according to the letter? A.That he didn’t do more to keep away from the war.B.That Iraq was what it is. C.That Kurds, Shiite and Sunnis found a way to live together. D.That Iraq was a very difficult place to rule without an iron fist. 3.What advice (建议) does Saddam give to Bush if Bush wants to build a self-governing country? A.Bush should know “Shock and awe” is not just for war making. B.The Iraq people want Bush. C.Bush was only listening to himself. D.Let Iraq be the way it was. 4.The last sentence of the letter “Don’t make my mistakes” suggests (暗示)that _______. A. Bush should not do as Saddam did B. Saddam was correct C. Bush is right D. Saddam was a bad boy 【解题思路点拨】这是一篇与时事紧密相连的书信体阅读材料。信中，“萨达姆”向布 什总统分析了伊拉克国内的现状，诉说自己在政治上的苦恼，并告诫布什不要重蹈他的覆辙。 1.C。本小题尤其具有迷惑性。由书信开始的“To: President Bush, the White House”、“From: Saddam Hussein, in Baghdad”，好像很容易就能得出结论：这是萨达姆写给布什的一封信。 然而，在审题时，一定要特别注意并理解题干中的“real”(真正的)一词，再结合实际，萨 达姆这么强硬的人怎能推心置腹地与势不两立的布什谈自己的真心话呢？由此，可推测这很 可能是某一新闻记者以萨达姆的口吻分析伊拉克战争前后的局势。 2.A。根据“萨达姆”的分析，导致他的政治生涯结束的根本原因是，他没有让伊拉克 人民摆脱战争的苦难。答案即在短文末段的“Mr. Bush, I know you are wondering why I didn’ t do more to keep away from the war, which ended my political life.”这一句话之中。 3.A。本题源自于“If you want to build a self-governing country here, you had better understand that “shock and awe” is not just for war-making.”一句，答案非常明显。 4.A。在分析了伊拉克国内政局和自己从政的失误之后，“萨达姆”给布什提出了一点忠 告，即“Don’t make my mistakes”(不要重蹈我的覆辙)。答案显然是 A。 8 “Tom? Are you in bed yet?” called Mrs. White. There was no answer. Mrs. White put down her book and went to her 14-year-old son’s room. Tom was sitting in front of a bright computer screen on which a motorbike was running fast. “Oh, Tom. You’re still playing on that computer. You must stop now, it’s half past eleven. If you don’t go to bed soon, you’ll be very tired tomorrow.” Said Mrs. White. “But I’ve nearly won the game.” Said Tom to Mrs. White. She could see the excitement (激 动) on his face. She sat down beside him. “You’re always playing on the computer. You spend more time on this machine than on your homework.” Today more and more families have computers. Parents hope computers can help their children improve their study at school. But, many of their children use computers to play games, to watch videos, instead of studying. We often see that computer game houses are crowded with people, especially young boys. They spend a lot of money competing with the computerized machines. The more they lose, the more they want to win. The result is that they don’t want to work or study. In some other countries, even scientists hate computers. They say computers cause millions of people to lose their jobs or cause them a lot of trouble. Computer game addiction (瘾) is a serious problem in social life. Something has to be done to solve the problem. 1.What was Tom doing on that late night? ___________________________________ 2.How did Mrs. White feel when she saw her son was playing late? ___________________________________ 3.What do parents think computers can do to their children? ___________________________________ 4.Does the writer agree to spend much money on computer games? ___________________________________ 5.Why do some scientists hate computers? ___________________________________ 【解题思路点拨】短文作者由 Tom 深夜玩电脑游戏这则故事写起，并由此引发感想：父 母亲给孩子购买电脑，本希望能帮助孩子学好功课。结果却适得其反，许多孩子玩游戏、看 录像，以致于荒废了学业。有些国家的科学家认为电脑让很多人失业，并使他们陷入了困境。 电脑实在是可恨可憎的罪魁祸首。短文最后说，玩游戏上瘾成了社会生活中的一个严重问题， 到了非解决不可的地步了。 1. He was playing computer games. 根据“Oh, Tom. You’re still playing on that computer.”、 “Tom was sitting in front of a bright computer screen on which a motorbike was running fast.” 和“But I’ve nearly won the game.”这三句话可知答案。 2.She felt very worried. 短文并没有直接告诉我们答案，但是通过 Mrs. White 所说的话语， 尤其是“You spend more time on this machine than on your homework.”这一句可以推断：她 担心儿子的功课会受影响。显然，其心情当然是十分焦虑不安的。 3. They think that computers can help their children improve their study at school. 本小题属 于表层理解题，答案可直接在倒数第二段的开头处找到。 4.No, he doesn’t. 作者说，我们经常看出游戏厅里挤满了人，特别是少年儿童。他们花 很多钱与电脑游戏比赛。输得越多，就越想赢。以至于造成了不想学习的恶果。由作者的这 番话，我们是不难看出作者对花钱玩游戏这一行为的态度的。 5. Because they say computers cause millions of people to lose their jobs or cause them a lot of trouble. 显然，文章最后一段的“They say computers cause millions of people to lose their jobs or cause them a lot of trouble. Computer game addiction (瘾) is a serious problem in social life.”这几句话是该题答案的出处。 9 Kate Holmes was visiting a friend, old Mrs. Sydney. Mrs. Sydney had known Kate all her life. She liked to tell Kate about mysteries (神秘故事) and see whether Kate could solve them. “You are very good at solving mysteries,” she said to Kate, “but some day I’ll fool you! Maybe I’ll be able to fool you today. Did I ever tell you the story of the Unknown Brother?” Kate said no and listened. She liked Mrs. Sydney’s stories. “Well,” Mrs. Sydney said, “Jed Wright was my friend when I was a child. He ran away from home when he was very young and lived for years by doing all kinds of jobs. Finally, in 1927, he went to Michigan, where he found a copper mine (铜矿). He bought the land and ran the mine and became a very rich man. ” “Jed never married. His parents had died years before, and his only relative was a brother. “One day Jed knew he was dying. He sent for a good friend, Dan Cole, who had worked for him for years. ” “Jed gave Dan two envelopes, ‘This one is for you,’ he said, ‘and please give the other one to my brother Alf. He is … while he was speaking, Jed died. ” “There were his dying wishes in Dan’s envelope. It gave him Jed’s mine and house. The envelope for Alf had some money and business papers in it. Dan and Alf were each to get about half of Jed’s fortune (财富). They would both be rich. ” “Dan had never seen Alf. He had only two clues (线索). One was an old photo that showed Alf and Jed. But it was taken on their tenth birthday, fifty years ago. The other clue was a post card from Alf. I had no address. It has been mailed in Boston the month before Jed died. ” “Dan went to Boston. He put an advertisement in the newspaper. It said there was good news for Alf Wright. It told where Dan was staying. ” “The next day, more than a hundred men came to Dan’s hotel. They all said they were Alf Wright. But though he had never seen Alf, Dan was able to pick him out right away.” When Mrs. Sydney finished her story, she smiled. “All right, Kate,” she said. “How did he know Alf?” Kate smiled too. “That’s easy,” she said. “You told me how. The clue was the photo.” “Yes, it was,” said Mrs. Sydney. “But it was taken when Alf and Jed were boys. How could that help?” “You said it was taken when both boys were ten years old, so they were…” Kate gave Mrs. Sydney the answer and she had to admit that Kate Holmes had won again. 根据短文内容回答下列问题，每个小题不得超过 5 个单词。 1.What made Jed Wright a rich man? The ______ made him very rich. 2.What was in the envelope for Dan? ___________________________ 3.Did Dan do what Jed asked him to do? ___________________________ 4.What helped Dan to find Alf? ____________________ and the advertisement. 5.What was Kate’s answer to the mystery? Kate said, “…so they were _______”. 6.Were they brothers or friends? Kate and Mrs. Sydney were friends; Jed and Alf were brothers; Jed and _______________. 【解题思路点拨】由于这篇机智故事篇幅较长，其难度也较大。故事的梗概是：Mrs. Sydney 与 Kate 是好朋友，她喜欢给 Kate 讲一些神秘故事。聪明的 Kate 总是能够回答故事 中的问题。有一次，Mrs. Sydney 想难为一下 Kate，就给她讲了这样一则故事：Jed 自幼父 母双亡，独自一个出去闯荡，后来发现并开采了一座铜矿，随即成为一名很有钱的人。很多 年之后的一天，年事已高的 Jed 快要辞世的时候留下了遗嘱。他将自己的财产一分为二，一 半给自己的好朋友 Dan，另一半给自己唯一的亲人-----弟弟 Alf。可是没等说出自己弟弟的 地址，Jed 就闭上了眼睛。而 Dan 并不认识 Alf，也不知道他住在什么地方。他只好凭借着 一张 Jed 和 Alf 兄弟二人小时候的照片和一张前不久 Alf 寄来的一张明信片去寻找 Alf…… 1.copper mine. 关于 Jed 发家致富的原因，Mrs. Sydney 在故事的第一段中交待得非常明 白。“…he went to Michigan, where he found a copper mine. He bought the land and ran the mine and became a very rich man.”，根据这几句话，显然可知是铜矿让他发了财。 2.There were Ted’s dying wishes. 答案就在“There were his dying wishes in Dan’s envelope. It gave him Jed’s mine and house.”这两个句子中。 3.Yes, he did. 读罢全文，很容易知道 Dan 遵照遗嘱，利用明信片和老照片这两条线索， 来到 Boston，最后找到了 Alf，完成了 Jed 托付给自己的任务。所以答案是肯定的。 4.The photo, the postcard. Dan 从前不久 Alf 寄来的明信片上得知 Alf 住在 Boston；接着 他张贴广告把所有名字叫做 Alf Wright 的人招来；最后利用照片所提供的重要信息找到了 Alf。显然，这三者对 Dan 找到 Alf 起着十分重要的作用，缺一不可。题目中已将 advertisement 给出，故此得出答案。 5.…twins/twin brothers. 这道题目颇有难度，不仅考查了考生的理解能力，也考查了考生 的智力水平和推理判断能力。从“One was an old photo that showed Alf and Jed. But it was taken on their tenth birthday, fifty years ago.”提供的信息中，可知 Alf 和 Jed 在过十岁生日时的照片， 兄弟俩是同岁，即可推断他们一定是孪生兄弟以及 Alf 现在的年龄是六十岁。这也正是 Dan 从那么多人中分辨出来 Alf 的唯一依据。 6.…Dan/ Mrs. Sydney were friends. 短文的开头交待了 Kate 与 Mrs. Sydney 是好朋友。在 Mrs. Sydney 的故事中，“…and please give the other one to my brother Alf.”也说明了 Jed 和 Alf 是兄弟关系。那么 Jed 还能与谁有朋友或兄弟关系呢？根据“He sent for a good friend, Dan Cole, who had worked for him for years.”，可知 Dan 与 Jed 是朋友关系。又由 Mrs. Sydney 说 的“ Jed Wright was my friend when I was a child.”这句话可知 Jed 与 Dan 或 Mrs. Sydney 也是 朋友关系。由此可得答案。 10 The way that people allover the world watch films has changed these years. People don’t just go to the films any more. They take the films home! The VCR (录相机), has made this possible, and it has helped change people’s lives. VCRs make it possible for us to watch films at home instead of the cinema. People can just go to a video store near their houses, rent (租) one or more films for a day or a weekend, and watch them in their own homes. They cost just a few dollars each day. May different films are on videotape, from exciting films to interesting plays. Watching a film at home can be very easy, and a lot cheaper. VCR owners can make snacks (零食) and sit back and enjoy a film with family and friends. They can stop the film to make more snacks, answer the phone, or take care of the baby. There are no lines to stand in, no tickets to buy, and no uncomfortable (不舒服的) cinema seats. 1.What has changed people’s way of watching films? ___________________________________________ 2.How do people usually get videotapes to watch films at home? ___________________________________________ 3.Is it expensive to rent videotape for one day? ___________________________________________ 4.What does the writer prefer, watching video films at home or seeing films at the cinema? ___________________________________________ 【解题思路点拨】这是一篇时尚生活短文。随着电子技术的飞速发展。当今的人们足不 出户就可以利用 VCR 在家里看电影了。在家中看电影既轻松又实惠。你只需到附近的音像 店租一些喜欢的电影，和家人或朋友一起舒舒服服地欣赏。 1. (The) VCR (s). 文章第一段说，现在人们用不着再去电影院，只需把电影片带回家就 可以看到自己喜爱的电影了。是什么东西让这成为现实了呢？“The VCR, has made this possible…”和“VCRs make it possible for us to watch films at home instead of the cinema”这 两句说出了答案。 2.To rent videotapes/films. 本题答案源自“People can just go to a video store near their houses, rent (租) one or more films for a day or a weekend…”这句话中。 3.No, it isn’t. 根据“They cost just a few dollars each day.”这句话，可知答案应该是否 定的。 5. Watching video films at home. 本题的答案是不能在短文中直接找到的。仔细揣摩最后 一段作者描述的在家里看电影的场景，不难体会出作者的艳羡之情。由此，可以得出“更喜 欢在家里看电影”这一结论。 11 I’m Joan Croft. I have to say that I came into nursing by chance. I didn’t really like my first job, which was office work. It was all right—but that’s just about all you can say about it. I stayed in the same place with the same people around me all day and every day. Then I became a singer, which I enjoyed very much, but after a while the singing group broke up (解散) and I had to start looking for something else. Some girls have wanted to be nurses ever since they were children, but it never entered my head until I saw an advertisement in a paper. I wrote in and thought, “Oh, well, I’ll give it a try.” One thing I liked about it was going away from home. The training itself is very interesting and most of it is just on the wards (病房), so that you very quickly begin nursing real patients. I lived in the nurses’ home when I arrived and I had my own room, which was very nice. I like nursing more than I ever thought I would. I’ll always carry on nursing. I’ve got a boyfriend who is a doctor, so I hope to get married sometime, but wherever I live there’s sure to be a hospital in the place and there’s always a job for a nurse. 1.What was John’s first job? _____________________ 2.Why didn’t Joan like her first job? ____________________________ 3.Why didn’t Joan go on with her second job? ____________________________________ 4.How did Joan find out the information about the nursing job? ___________________________________ 5.What was Joan’s plan for the future? ______________________________ 【解题思路点拨】这是 Joan Croft 的一篇自述。由于不喜欢自己的第一份工作，Joan Croft 后来做了一名歌手。可因为歌舞团不久解散了，她只好另谋职业。小时候从未想过要当护士 的 Joan 因为偶然的一次机会成了一名护士，并且从此喜欢上了这一职业。 1.It was office work. 短文开头的第三句“I didn’t really like my first job, which was office work.”即是答案的依据。 2.Because she didn’t like staying in the same place with the same people around her all day and every day. /Because she was fed up with it. Joan 为什么不喜欢自己的第一份职业呢？由 “…but that’s just about all you can say about it. I stayed in the same place with the same people around me all day and every day.”这句话不难看出，一天到晚和周围的那些老面孔的人呆在 同一个地方，且天天如此，她感到厌倦了。 3.Because the singing group broke up. 短文首段的最末一句说明了 Joan 没有继续她的第 二份工作的原因---“…the singing group broke up (解散) and I had to start looking for something else.”(歌舞团解散了)。 4.She found an advertisement in a paper. 显然，“…but it never entered my head until I saw an advertisement in a paper.”这句话是答案的出处。 5.She hoped to get married sometime and went on her nursing job. 短文的最后一段交待了 Joan 未来的计划-----在某个时候结婚，并且继续从事护士这一职业。如果不仔细审读，很可 能将其中的一个要点遗漏。另外，还要注意该问题是一般过去时的句子，不可受短文中句子 时态的影响。由此考生也应接受教训：做这一类题目的时候，不可简单地将材料中的句子照 搬照抄，一定要读透题目，然后再考虑答案。 12 On October 12, 1989, some Chinese scientists were working at the computers to look for the invention they needed. Suddenly they saw something bright crossing the computers’ screens, and there was so much! At the same moment the computers were working much slower. To find out what was happening they stopped their work to check some parts of the computers. Much to their surprise, they found out that most of their stored information was cleared up by computer viruses (病毒)! What was worse, all these computers had been infected (感染) by computer viruses. It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men who all had good education. They made the viruses just to show their intelligence (才能). These kinds of computer viruses are called Jerusalem Viruses. These viruses can stay in computers for a long time. When the time comes they ill attack the computers by slowing down the function (功能), damaging (破 坏) their normal programs or even clearing up all the information. We now come to know that Jerusalem Viruses often attack computers on Friday so they are also called “Friday Viruses” and that they are spreading (传播) to a lot of computers. Among the countries that suffered (遭受) computer viruses are Britain, Australia, Switzerland, the United States of America, and some other countries. But till now, how to clean up the terrible viruses is still a problem. 1.What did the Chinese scientists find out when they checked the computers? _________________________________________________. 2.Why did the group of young men make the computer viruses? _________________________________________________. 3.The computer viruses will damage the normal programs, won’t they? _________________________________________________. 4.Why are these computer viruses called “Friday Viruses”? _________________________________________________. 5.What’s the best title of this passage? ______________________________________________. 【解题思路点拨】这是一篇关于电脑病毒的阅读材料。1989 年 10 月，中国的一些科学 家在电脑上发现了病毒。据说，这种名叫“Jerusalem Viruses”的电脑病毒是由一些受过良 好教育的年轻人研制的。它通常在星期五发作。电脑病毒的危害非常大，传播速度快。很多 国家饱受电脑病毒之苦。目前还没有有效的办法清除这种病毒。 1.They found out that most of their stored information was cleaned up by computer viruses. 通读全文，就会发现答案即在第一自然段的“Much to their surprise, they found out that most of their stored information was cleared up by computer viruses!”这一句话之中。 2.They made the viruses just to show their intelligence. 第二自然段的大体意思是，电脑病 毒是一群受过良好教育的年轻人制造的。他们制造这种病毒的目的只是为了显示他们的聪明 才智。答案就是段落中的原文。本小题属于表层理解题。 3.Yes, they will. 第二自然段最后说，当这种病毒袭击电脑时，会削弱其功能，破坏其正 常程序，甚至会清除所有信息。所以这个问题的答案应当是肯定的。 4.Because they often attack computers on Fridays. 文中最后一段中的“… Viruses often attack computers on Friday so they are also called ‘Friday Viruses’…”这句话即是答案的出 处。 5.Computer Viruses. 本阅读材料是围绕“电脑病毒”展开的。第一自然段讲述的是科学 家发现了电脑病毒；第二自然段主要说明了病毒的危害；第三自然段讲述了电脑病毒发作的 时间和危及的国家。因此，用“电脑病毒”作标题是很恰当的。 13 Do you remember your dreams? Do people have the same dreams? Why do we dream? There are many questions about dreams. We dream during the REM (rapid (快的) eye movement) stage (阶段) of sleep. We have about five periods of REM sleep during the night. The first REM cycle (周期) lasts about 10 minutes. As the night goes on, the REM cycle gets longer. By early morning, the REM cycle can last up to 90 minutes. Usually, it is in this last REM cycle that we remember our dreams. Dreams change as people age. People may have several dreams each night. Some are like films and usually in color. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something and trying to find the answer. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can’t remember the dreams clearly. It is reported that too much dreaming is bad for our health. The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work. That is why we may have a long sleep and still feel tired when we wake up. 1.We dream during the REM stage of sleep. 2.Children aged eight or nine have the same dreams as people aged thirty. 3.All the dreams are usually in color like films. 4.The longer we dream, the better we sleep. 5.The passage above is talking about dreaming. 【解题思路点拨】做梦是人人都经历过的事情。本文向我们讲述了梦的五个 REM 周期。 “日有所思，夜有所梦”。人们通常记不清楚自己梦中的情景。不过在黎明时分，即最后一 个 REM 周期，梦中的事情往往在醒来之后仍然可以历历在目。人做梦时，神经系统尚在活 动。短文最后得出结论：做梦太多有损于身体健康。 1.T.由短文第一段中的“We dream during the REM (rapid (快的) eye movement) stage (阶段) of sleep.”可以判断该句是正确的。 2.F.短文第二段首句“Dreams change as people age.”的意思是说，“梦因人的年龄不同而 存在差异”。由此可知这句话是不正确的。 3.F.第二段很清楚地说明了“有些梦就像电影一样”(Some are like films …)这层意思。 据此，这句话显然是错误的。 4.F.文章最后说，“睡觉的时间越多，做梦的时间就越长”，而“太多的梦对人体健康是 不害的”。这句话的意思与原文背道而驰，所以是错误的。 5.T.非常明显，本文的三个自然段都是围绕着“梦”这一话题而写的。因此，这个句子 是正确的。 14 Tom, an 11-year-old boy, was ill. He had got a cough. His mother was worried and took him to see a doctor. The doctor looked over Tom carefully and said, “Tom, nothing serious”. Then he gave him some medicine. These are the words on the instruction of the cough medicine. Instruction Take three times a day after meals Dose (剂量): Grown-ups: 2 spoons each time Children: 8-14 yrs. One spoon, 4-7 yrs. 1/2 spoon Not for children below the age of 4 years Notes: 1.Store in a cold place 2.Using before Oct. 2004 Tel & Fax: 021-56317708 1.Tom should take three spoons in a day. 2.Tom had better have his meals before he takes the medicine. 3.The medicine can be kept in a fridge. 4.Children aged five can’t take this medicine. 5.From this instruction we know Tom can go on using the left medicine after Oct. 2004. 【解题思路点拨】能读懂日常生活中的一些常见英文标志和说明，是初中学生所必须达 到的一项能力。在这则咳嗽药说明书中，涉及了药品的服用量，适宜人群及贮存和使用期限 等。 1.T.本题看似简单，实则需要细心推算才能判断答案。药品说明第一句话是说这种药每 天服用三次。前文中说 Tom 是一个十一岁的孩子，根据说明中的“Children: 8-14 yrs. One spoon, 4-7 yrs. 1/2 spoon”这一句提供的信息，可知他每次只能一调羹。所以，Tom 每天应 当服用三调羹。 2.T.由“Take three times a day after meals”这句话，可知此药须在饭后服用，故 Tom 服 药前最好吃些东西。 3.T.“Store in a cold place”是解题的依据。 4.F.这句话的意思是说“五岁的孩子不能服用这种药”。而说明中明明有“四至七岁的小 孩每次服用 1/2 调羹”(4-7 yrs. 1/2 spoon)。因此，这个句子是错误的。 5.F。根据“Using before Oct. 2004”一句可知，本药品的有效期是截止到 2004 年 10 月， 不难判断出所给句子是错误的。 15 Dear sir, Just over six months ago, I saw an advertisement in a morning newspaper for a set of the complete works (全集) of William Shakespeare. Your company offered this set at a low price: 15pounds and 50 pence. I had wanted a set of Shakespeare’s plays and poems for some time, so I sent for them. Two weeks later, the books arrived, together with a set of the works of Charles Dickens that I had not wanted. So I returned the Dickens’ books to you. Two more weeks passed. Then there arrived a second set of books and a set of the plays of Moliere, in French. I do not read French, and they were not useful at all, so I wrote to you. You did not answer that letter. Instead you sent me a bill for 42 pounds and a set of the plays of Schiller, in German. I have no room for any more books, and I have no time to read them all. Please send no more books, no more bills and no more angry letters for payment. Just send one large truck and take all the books away, leaving me only with the one set of the works of Shakespeare for which I have paid. Yours, Simon Walker 1.The advertisement in the morning paper was for a set of the complete works of William Shakespeare. 2.Mr Walker wanted to order Dickens’ books. 3.Two weeks later, he got the works of Schiller. 4.The company wanted Simon to pay for all the books. 5.Mr. Walker told them to take away all the books except Shakespeare’s books. 【解题思路点拨】这是一位名叫 Simon Walker 的读者写给某公司的一封信。Simon 半年 前从这家公司邮购了一套莎士比亚全集。可当他收到书时，还发现了一套自己并没有订购的 狄更斯作品，于是就退了回去。不想，几天后又收到了莎士比亚的另一套作品集以及狄更斯 的作品和莫里哀的剧本。Simon 十分生气，就写信向公司说明情况。然而，Simon 不但没有 得到回复，反而又收到公司的账单和一套席勒的剧本。 1.T.该句出自于书信的第一句话“…I saw an advertisement in a morning newspaper for a set of the complete works (全集) of William Shakespeare.”。 2.F.从信的首段可以看出，作者想邮购的书籍是莎士比亚全集。根据第二段首句的“… together with a set of the works of Charles Dickens which I had not wanted.”也可以判断出这句 话是错误的。 3.F.书信第二段中说到这样一件事：Simon 将狄更斯作品退还公司，可两天后收到是莎士 比亚的另一套作品集，狄更斯的作品和莫里哀的剧本。这句话所述说的内容是：Simon 给公 司写信反映情况之后，又收到的另一套书，而不是自己订购的。 4.T.仔细理解书信倒数第二自然段中的“Instead you sent me a bill for 42 pounds and a set of the plays of Schiller, in German.”这句话，显然可知这是公司在向 Simon 索要书款。 5.T.考虑整篇书信的内容，可知 Simon 只想购买莎士比亚全集，其余的书籍不是法文版， 就是德文版，他看不懂，也没有时间看。实际上，仅凭书信末段也可以做出正确判断。 16 Mr. Scott worked in a middle school. He read a lot. He taught well and could answer all the questions his students asked. And they liked him very much. One Sunday morning, when he was dressing his little son, Jimmy, the boy suddenly asked, “May I ask you a question, Dad?” “Of course you can,” answered Mr. Scott. “Are you sure that you can answer it?” “Certainly.” “Well,” said Jimmy, “Are there any holes in your socks?” “Holes?” Mr. Scott said in surprise. “It’s impossible.” “Look at them carefully, or you’ll be wrong!” Mr. Scott took off his socks and looked at them carefully but didn’t find anything wrong. “No, there’s no hole in them,” said Mr. Scott. “I bought them only last week.” “How can you put your feet into them, then?” Little Jimmy said with a smile. At first Mr. Scott didn’t know what to say. After a while he began to laugh with a red face. 根据短文意思，将下列句子补充完整。每空一词。 1.Mr. Scott was a _________ in a school. 2.His son was very _______, so he couldn’t dress himself. 3.Mr. Scott ______ to find if there were holes in his socks. 4.In the end Mr. Scott _______that his son had played a joke on him. 5.From Jimmy’s joke we can say that he was a _______ boy. 【解题思路点拨】这篇小短文的大意是：Mr. Scott 是一名中学教师。一天，正当他给儿 子穿衣服时，儿子 Jimmy 问他“你的袜子上有一个洞吗？”这个问题。Mr. Scott 感到莫名 其妙。他脱下自己上周刚买的新袜子，仔细地看了看，根本没有发现任何问题。令他没有想 到的是，儿子微笑着对他说：“没有洞，那么你是怎么样把脚放进去的呢？” 1.teacher。由短文开头的两句话就可以得出答案。 2.young。从 Mr. Scott 给儿子穿衣服这件事上来看，可以判断出他的儿子年龄很小，还 不会穿衣服。所以答案为 young。注意不可误将 little 作为答案，因为这个词并不指年龄小。 3.tried/wanted。这个小题的答案源自于“Mr. Scott took off his socks and looked at them carefully but didn’t find anything wrong.”这句话之中。 4.understood/knew/learned/learnt。根据短文所述的内容，不难看出这是儿子给 Mr. Scott 开的一个玩笑。联系短文末尾的“After a while he began to laugh with a red face.”这句话，就 可以得出答案。 5.clever/bright/naughty/lovely/ cute。从这个孩子说的“How can you put your feet into them, then?”这句话，可以看出 Jimmy 是非常聪明、可爱的。开父亲的玩笑，说明他很淘气。这 由 Jimmy 的两次问话“May I ask you a question, Dad?”和“Are you sure that you can answer it?”也可以看出来儿童活泼可爱的天性。答案只要符合这几层意思都是正确的。 17 There are many colors in nature. But do you know if a color has weight? I think you’ll say “no”. But I am afraid you are wrong. If you don’t believe, you may do a small experiment. First, put two objects (物体) with the same weight into two boxes. Then cover the box. Third, wrap one box with a red piece of paper, the other with a white piece of paper. OK. Now hold the boxes with your hand one by one. It is certain that you will think the red one is a little heavier. Why do you think so? A scientist found that different colors have different weight in a man’s mind. So he did man tests and at last he got the result. That is to say, every color has its own weight in our mind and their order is the same. The heaviest color is red, then blue, green, orange, yellow and white. The scientist told us that colors also have smell. Can you smell the color? Of course not. Then why did the scientist say so? That is because every color stands for (代表) a kind of light with a certain wavelength. It reaches our brain through sense organs (感觉器官). According to this discovery, scientists say that people accept (接受) the colors they like, and refuse the colors they hate. So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colors you like. Or you’ll be nervous or even get ill. For example, if you stay in a room with red windows, wallpapers and furniture for two hours, you’ll feel you have been there for four hours. But if the room is blue, you’ll feel you have been there for only and hour. Another example, if a person walks out of a red room and into a blue room, his temperature will fall. That means our body temperature will change with different colors. 根据短文意思，将下列句子补充完整。 1.If you want to know if a color has weight, you can do a small experiment. First, __________. Second, _____________. Third, wrap one box with a red piece of paper, the other with a white piece. Then, holding the boxes with your hand one by one, you may get the result. 2.In a man’s mind, the heaviest color is ________, then ____________. 3.The scientist told us that colors have not only _________ but also __________. 4.If a person walks out of a green room into a ________room or a ________, his body temperature will rise. 5.If you stay in a room with red windows, wallpapers and furniture for two hours, you’ll feel you’ve been there for four hours because ________. 【解题思路点拨】这是一篇有关颜色的科普小品文。实验表明，在人的感觉中，颜色不 仅具有重量，而且还有气味。更为有趣的是，不同的颜色对人的心情、健康还有影响呢。 1.First, put two objects with the same weight into two boxes, second, cover the box。通读第二 自然段，很容易理解该实验的四个步骤：首先是将两个重量相同的物体分别放进盒子里。然 后将盒子盖上。接下来用一张红色纸将其中的一只盒子包上，另一只盒子用白色的纸。最后 是将这两个盒子放在手中掂一掂。由此可得答案。 2.red, blue, green, orange, yellow and white。在人的意识中，不同颜色的重量是不同的。 这是一位科学家在经过多次实验得出的结论。第三自然段最末一句即是实验结果，也正是这 个题目的答案。 3.weight, smell。本小题出自第三自然段中的“A scientist found that different colors have different weight in a man’s mind.”一句和第四自然段首句的“The scientist told us that colors also have smell.”这句话中。要注意理解试题中的关联词 not only …but also (不仅……而 且……)。 4.blue, red。这是一道较深层次的理解题目，必须认真审读文章末尾所给出的例子。这个 例子是：如果一个人从一个用红色装饰的房间里出来，进入一个蓝色房间，他的体温将会下 降。由此，我们可以联想到生活常识，红色属于暖色，蓝色属于冷色。而题目说的是这个人 的体温上升了，显然他是从一个用冷色装饰的房间到了一个由暖色装饰的房间。由此就可找 到答案。 5. So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colors you like. Or you’ll be nervous or even get ill.。这道题的难度颇大。该试题就是关于短文最后一段讲的例子的：如果在一个 红色窗子，红色壁纸和红色家具的房间里呆上两个小时，感觉就像是四个小时一样。表面上 看，这其中的原因并没有提及。认真思考实验的结果和“…different colors have different weight in a man’s mind.”，“ It reaches our brain through sense organs.”，“That is because every color stands for (代表) a kind of light with a certain wavelength.”以及“So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colors you like. Or you’ll be nervous or even get ill.”这几句话可知。人的 体温和意识是随着颜色的不同而改变的。即是答案 So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colors you like. Or you’ll be nervous or even get ill.。 18 Clem Quinn was always interested in flying. When he was five, he tried to fly by jumping off the garden shed (小棚) with a golf umbrella, but when he was in his twenties he didn’t become a pilot (飞行员), he became a taxi driver. Then 20 years ago he did a parachute (跳伞) jump and loved it. He thought that being a taxi driver in London was a lot more dangerous than jumping out of plane, so he moved to the country to learn parachute jumping and sky-diving. He says: “I love sky-diving because the world looks so good—blue sky, green fields, white clouds. You float (漂浮) through the air; It’s like floating in water. You can see forever, all the way to the French coast (海岸). The scenery is beautiful. You can forget all your worries. People think it is dangerous but it’s very safe. Football is much more dangerous. Footballers often have accidents. When did you last hear of a skydiving accident? Next July I’m going to do a skydive with 100 people from six planes. That’s a record. I’m never going to give up. I’m going to jump of planes until I’m an old man.” 根据短文意思，将下列句子补充完整。每空一词。 1.What job did he do when he was in his twenties? When he was in his twenties, he didn’t become a pilot, he _____a taxi ______. 2.Why does he like the sport? He loves the sport because he loves ________the scenery in the ________. 3.What’s the record according to the passage? There are a ________ people and _______ planes taking part in the sky dive. 【解题思路点拨】这是一篇关于跳伞运动员 Clem Quinn 的故事。Clem Quinn 从小就对 飞行很感兴趣，可他二十我岁时并没有成为一名飞行员，而是成为了一名出租车司机。不过 二十年前他迷恋上跳伞。Clem Quinn 说他喜爱跳伞不仅仅是这项运动更安全，而且还可以 从中享受到大自然的景色，那种感觉真是美不胜收。 1.became, driver.非常明显，这道题考查的是文中的原话。不过，根据题意，答案也可以 是 drove, instead。 2.enjoying (watching), sky. “他为什么喜欢跳伞这一个运动项目呢？” 从“I love sky-diving because the world looks so good---blue sky, green fields, white clouds.”和“The scenery is beautiful.”这两句话中，不难看出他喜爱欣赏(观看)空中的美景。 3.hundred, six. 答案就在“Next July I’m going to do a skydive with 100 people from six planes.”一句中。做题时，要注意将文中的阿拉伯数字改用英语单词表达。 19 除了“完成句子”式之外，有些省市还采用“短文改写填空”的形式来考查学生的阅读 理解能力。这是比较难的一种命题形式。它要求考生必须牢固掌握所学的知识，弄清楚文章 的大意，而且还要具备较强的概括能力。 “短文改写填空”型阅读理解题的解答技巧是：首先，通读全文，对文章的大意有个初 步的了解。同时找出文章中的关键句，在有限的时间内迅速抓住文章的要点。然后，纵览缩 写后的短文，在了解其大意的同时，确定所要填写的内容，即词语或短语是否与已知文段中 的相一致。填写时，一定要仔细。比如，有的属于固定搭配，有的句子是文中原句的同义句， 这些只要稍加注意，就可避免出错。同时还要注意动词时态、人称、名词单复数是否有误， 首字母是否大写，句子的主谓搭配是不是合理等。最后，将改写后的文章再通读一遍。看看 改写后的短文是否流畅，语句是否通顺。同时还要照顾到原文，看改写后的短文是否与原文 意思相符合。 请看下面的例文： My grandfather was a teacher. He was the headmaster of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen. I know that he was a kind man because when I was young (and he was old.), he gave me presents, and sat me on his knees(膝盖), and told me stories. But I believe(相 信)the boys at his school were afraid of him. At school, when he walked into a room full of noisy boys, they stopped talking at once. When he looked at a boy with a certain(某种) look in his eyes, that boy was red in the face，and looked down at his shoes. If a boy brought him poor, careless work, my grandfather picked up the boy's book and threw it across the room, shouting, “Do it all again, and bring it back first thing in the morning!” If the boy was late, or if he forgot to bring his work, he had to do it again, and again, and yet again. My grandfather never forgot. At school, he was very different from the man I saw day by day in his own home. 根据短文内容改写，每个空格只限填写一个单词。 When I was young, I studied at a 1 school. We were all 2 thirteen and eighteen. Our headmaster was 3 old man. He was kind, but all of 4 were afraid of him. For example, we were playing, talking and laughing 5 he came in, at once, the classroom became quiet. If a boy didn't 6 his homework well or carefully, he would be very 7, and asked the boy to do it again and 8. But his 9 told he never did things 10 that at home. 【解题思路点拨】这篇短文的主要意思是：祖父是某男子学校的校长。在我的眼里，他 是一位和蔼可亲的人。不过，在学校里，学生们都怕他。每当他走进教室，喧哗声就会马上 停止。如果哪位同学作业不认真，他就会把作业本扔出去，叫嚷着让他重做…… 1.boys'。答案就在短文的第一句话之中。但要注意词形的转换，这里要用名词所有格形 式。 2.between。文章第一句中的“…of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen.”是答案的依据。 3.an。这个小题比较简单，用不着联系短文内容，仅凭语法知识就能解答。old 以元音音 素开头，所以填写不定冠词 an。 4.us。由“But I believe the boys at his school were afraid of him.”可知孩子们都害怕他。 短文是以第一人称的口吻写的，而改写的短文则是以学生们的身份写的。弄清了这一点，此 空即能做出。 5.when。短文第二自然段开头的那句话同样是一个以 when 引导的时间状语从句。 6.do／finish。 由“If a boy brought him poor, careless work…”这句话，不难联想到是学 生没有认真做(完成)作业。 7.angry。由“ If a boy brought him poor, careless work, my grandfather would pick up the boy's book and throw it across the room，shouting…”这句话可知，如果某个男孩没有很好地完成 作业，祖父就会把那位学生的书本扔到外面，并大声训斥他重做。显然，祖父是因为生气了 才这么做的。 8.again。由“If the boy was late, or if he forgot to bring the work, he would have to do it again, and again, and yet again.”这句话可以确定此空要填写 again 一词。 9.grandson。原文是从 the headmaster 的孙子的角度，写爷爷在学校与在家里的不同表现 的，联系第一自然段和“At school, he was very different from the man I saw day by day in his own home.”这句话，可知填写 grandson 是最恰当的。 10.like。通常全文，可知作者想表达的意思是“祖父在学校里的表现与在家中的表现截 然不同”。换言之，则是“祖父在学校的表现从来都不象在家中的样子”。由此可以得出这里 要填介词 like (像……一样)。 20 We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons: most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded. When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration (迁移) is probably the migration of fish, which is called “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea. Recently (近来), scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster (龙虾). Every year, when the season of the bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go. So, sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another, but at other times we don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel. 1.Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to _______. A.give birth B. enjoy warmer weather C. find food more easily D. find beautiful places 2.The fish called “salmon” spends a long time in ______. A. salt water B. rivers C. fresh water D. its birthplace 3.The mice in northern Europe move when _______. A. they give birth B. the place gets too crowded C. the weather is bad D. they haven’t enough food 4.The lobsters move ________. A. to the fresh water B. at a certain time C. to the undersea D. to find more food 5.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Animals move to find food more easily. B.The migration of the fish called “salmon” is the most famous migration. C.Living things move from one place to another because they like to travel. D. Sometimes we know why and how living things move from one place to another, but sometimes we don’t. 【答案与解析】这篇短文讲述了某些生物的迁移这一自然现象，并分析了迁移的原因。 科学家们最近又研究了龙虾海底成群结队迁移的现象。它们选择在每年天气不好的季节里进 行迁移，其中的原因及迁移的目的，科学家尚未弄清楚。 1.C.起初一看，四个选项好像都在文中叙述过，但仔细分析题干中的“most animals”这 一关键词语，便可排除其它选项。在第一段最后一句中可找到答案的出处。 2.A。有关“salmon”的情况在第二自然段中作了叙述。这种鱼出生在淡水中，后不到 咸水地区居住，在那里度过一生中绝大部分时光。到老了以后又回到它出生之时的淡水之中。 仔细分析题干中的“spend a long life”和短文中的关键句“There it spends its life.”便可断定 答案为 A。 3.B。“ they leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded.”一句是答案的出处。 4.B。该题答案的出处是文章的第三自然段。文中说，龙虾是在海底成群结队游动的时 间是每年天气不好的季节，目的及它们到哪里去谁也不知道，余项与文章叙述不符。 5.D。文中第二自然段叙述了“salmon”和北欧的一种老鼠迁移方向和原因；第三自然 段叙述了龙虾的游动情况，但原因不知道。最后一段开头一句正是对本文主题的概括。 21 If you look at the sky one night and see something moving and shining that you have never seen before, it might be a comet (彗星). A comet sometimes looks like a star. Like a planet, a comet has no light of its own. It shines from the sunlight it reflects (反射). Like the earth, a comet goes round the sun, but on a much longer path (轨道) than the earth travels. If a comet isn’t a star, what is it then? Some scientists think that a large part of a comet is water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron and rock dust and perhaps a few big pieces of rock. When sunshine melts (融化) the ice in the comet, great clouds of gas go trailing after it. These clouds, together with the dust, form a long tail. Many people perhaps have seen a comet. However no one knows how many comets there are. There may be millions of comets, but only a few come close enough for us to see. An Englishman named Edmund Halley, who lived from 1656 to 1742, found out a lot about the paths that comets take through the sky. Some comets move out of our sight and never come back. Others keep coming back at regular times. A big comet that keeps coming back was named after Halley because he was the one who worked out when it would come back again. Maybe you have ever seen Halley’s Comets because the last time it came close to the sun and the earth was in the year 1986. Then people all over the world were outside at night to look at it. You will probably be able to see Halley’s Comets when it comes near the earth again. 1.A comet is like ________. A. sun B. moon C. sunlight D. the earth 2.A large part of a comet is ______. A.water and rock B. water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron C. ice, iron and rock dust D. only a few big pieces of rock 3.Maybe many people _______. A. haven’t seen any comets B. have seen all comets C. have seen a comet at daytime D. have seen a comet 4.Some comets keep coming back ________. A. at any time B. at noon C. at regular times D. at daytime 5.Halley’s Comets came back _____. A. in 1990 B. in 1980 C. in 1986 D. in 1989 【答案与解析】本文向我们介绍了有关彗星方面的知识。与地球一样，彗星也是绕太阳 旋转的，它本身不发光，靠反射太阳的光而发亮。短文中还介绍了彗星的成因，它拖着的长 尾巴是如何形成的以及著名的哈雷彗星名字的由来。 1.D。“ Like the earth, a comet goes round the sun, but…”是判断本题的根据。 2.C。根据“…is water frozen into pieces of ice and mixed with iron and rock dust and perhaps a few big pieces of rock.”这句话即能得出答案。 3.D。由第五段的首句“Many people perhaps have seen a comet.”可知。 4.C。“ Some comets move out of our sight and never come back. Others keep coming back at regular times.”一句是答案的出处。 5.C。哈雷彗星每七十六年才能看到一次。再结合“…the last time it came close to the sun and the earth was in the year 1986.”这句话的意思，即可得到答案。 22 Do you know something about tree rings (年轮)? Do you know they can tell us what the weather was like, sometimes even hundreds of years ago? A tree will grow well in a climate (气候)with lots of sunshine and rainfall. And little sunshine or rainfall will limit (限制)the growth of climate by studying the tree rings. For example, to find out the weather of ten years ago, count the rings of a tree from the outside to the inside. If the tenth ring is far from the eleventh ring, then we’re sure that it was sunny and rainy most of that year. If it is near to the eleventh ring, then the climate that year was bad. Tree rings are important not only for studying the history of weather but also for studying the history of man. Many centuries ago there lived a lot of people at a place in New Mexico. But now you can find only sand there—no trees and no people. What happened? A scientist studied the rings of dead trees there. He found that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees to make fires and buildings. As all the trees had gone, the people there had to move. 1._____ in good climate. A. Tree rings grow far from each other B. Tree rings become thinner C. Trees don’t need sunshine or rainfall D. People can cut down most of the trees 2.The scientists are interested in studying tree rings because tree rings can tell ______. A.whether a tree was strong or not B. whether people took good care of the trees or not C. whether the climate was good or not D. how old the trees were 3.If you want to find out the weather of twenty years ago, you should study _______. A. the twentieth ring B. the tenth ring C. the nineteenth ring D. the twenty-first ring 4.Why did people usually live in places with lots of trees? A.Trees could tell the change of the weather B.Trees brought lots of sunshine and rain C.Trees could make weather not too hot or too cold D.Trees could be used for burning and for building house 5.The people had to leave the place in New Mexico because _______. A.had weather stopped the growth of trees B.they no longer had water and the land became sand C.they didn’t have enough trees for burning D.there was too much rain there 【答案与解析】这篇短文介绍的是有关植物年轮方面的小知识。由于树木的生长要受到 阳光、降水等方面的影响，从一棵树上的年轮分布情况上，可以推断出树木所生长地方以前 的气候状况。年轮不仅对科学家研究地球上的气候环境有非常重要的参考价值，而且更为有 趣的是，它还能帮助科学家们研究人类的历史呢。 1.A。“ If the tenth ring is far from the eleventh ring, then we’re sure that it was sunny and rainy most of that year.”一句即是答案所在。 2.C。文章第一段“Do you know they can tell us what the weather was like…”和第三段的 首句“Tree rings are important not only for studying the history of weather…”都有所暗示。 3.A。答案就在 “…to find out the weather of ten years ago, count the rings of a tree from the outside to the inside. If the tenth ring is far from the eleventh ring…”一句中。 4.D。短文最后一段说，人们建房做饭都离不开树木。人所居住的周围环境中如果没有 了树木，那么人也就迁移了。所以答案为 D。 5.B。根据最后两段所叙述的内容，再联系植物对人类的重要作用，则不难得出答案。 23 All our food comes from the soil (土壤). Some of us eat meat, but animals live on plants. If these were no plants, we should have no animals and meat. So the soil is necessary for life. The top of ground is usually covered with grass or other plants. Plants grow in soil, which has a dark color. This dark soil is humus, dead leaves, dead plants and animal waste make it, but this takes a long time. When the humus has been made, plants can grow well in it. All soil needs food. If we don’t give it any, the plants will be weak. Animals waste is the best food for the soil, but chemical fertilizers (化肥) are also very useful. The same crop should not be grown in the same place every year; it is better to have a different crop. A change of crop and the use of a good fertilizer will keep the land in good condition. When the soil is dry, the wind blows it away. Sometimes heavy rain carries the humus down to a river. People should grow more and more trees and grass to stop wind from carrying the humus away. It takes hundreds of years to make humus, and so we must save every bit of it. Without soil, where can we grow food? 1.From the text, we know people live on _______. A. animal B. plant C. meat D. soil 2.The word “humus” means _____ in Chinese. A.微生物 B.土壤 C.腐殖土 D.粘土 3.We should _______ to keep the soil. A. give more fertilizers B. kill more animals C. make more humus D. grow more trees and grass 4.We should save every bit of humus, because ______. A.it takes a long time to make humus B.the more humus in the soil, the better plants grow C.the chemical fertilizers are expensive D.A and B 5.The best title of this text should be ______. A.Soil is necessary to people B.The same crop can’t be grown in the same place every year C.Soil’s food is chemical fertilizers D.Humus is hard to make 【答案与解析】土壤是人类赖以生存的自然条件之一。没有了土壤或者是土壤受到了较 为严重的破坏，就会直接危及到人类的生存。本文在阐述土壤的成因、特性和重要性之后， 呼吁大家都要保护土壤。 1.D。综合考虑第一段的意思，唯有 D 才是最恰当的选项。 2.C。根据“This dark soil is humus, dead leaves, dead plants and animal waste make it, but this takes a long time.”一句所述，可推知这是一种由落叶、枯萎的植物以及动物的粪便在长时 间的腐烂后所产生的一种东西。由此不难得出答案为 C。 3.D。答案就在“People should grow more and more trees and grass to stop wind from carrying the humus away.”这一句话之中。 4.D。由“When the humus has been made, plants can grow well in it.”和“It takes hundreds of years to make humus,”这两句话所表达的意思，可知答案只能是 D。 5.A。本文就是说明土壤对人类的重要性的。事实上，文章结尾的那句话已经点明主旨。 24 In the sea there are many islands. In its warm waters there are some little ones. We call them “coral Islands”. A coral island is very nice to look at. It looks like a ring of land (一圈陆地) with trees, grass, and flowers on it. One part of the ring is open to the water. There is a little round lake inside the island. If you look into this lake, you will see beautiful coral. You say think they are flowers. If you look at a piece of coral, you will see many little holes in it. In each of these holes a very small sea animal has lived. These sea animals make the coral. They began to build under the water. Year after year, the coral grew higher and higher. At last it grew out of the water. Then the sea brought it small trees and something else. After some years, these things changed into earth. Sometimes the wind brought seeds (种子) to this earth. Sometimes birds flew over it and brought seeds to the island. The little seeds grew. In a few years there were plants all over the island. In a few more years there were trees growing there. So you see, these islands were built little by little. The workers were very small. Do they not teach us a lesson? Can you think what the lesson is? 1.In the sea ________. A. there are coral islands in all places B. there are some coral islands C. the water is always warm D. we can see many flowers 2.A coral island looks like __________. A. a round cake B. trees, grass and flowers C. a ring of land D. a round lake 3.There are _______ in the holes in corals. A. flowers B. little corals C. grass D. sea animals 4.How did seeds of trees, grass and flowers come to the coral islands? ________ A.The wind and birds brought them to the coral islands B.Only the wind brought them there C.People brought them there D.Fishes brought them there 5.From the story we learn that ___________. A.small workers can’t do big things B.only big workers can do big things C.small workers can do big things if they work hard work and work a long time D.all small things can do big things 【答案与解析】在大海的温水区域，我们常常可以发现一些珊瑚岛。本文向我们描述了 珊瑚岛形成的自然过程。文章最后，作者有感而发，以问句结束全文，发人深思，耐人寻味。 1.B。文章第一段就是讲的“在海中较暖和的水域，常有一些珊瑚岛”这一事实。A 显 然是不对的。 2.C。根据“A coral island is very nice to look at. It looks like a ring of land with trees, grass, and flowers on it.”这句话不难得出答案。 3.D。答案即在“In each of these holes a very small sea animal has lived. These sea animals make the coral.”一句中。 4.A。倒数第三段中的“Sometimes birds flew over it and brought seeds to the island.”这句 话对此有明确的说明。 5.C。由这一小小的自然现象，作者联想到工作在平凡岗位上的工人们，寓意非常深刻。 作者的思想感情由最后一段作者的议论可以体会到。 25 When some plates of the earth move suddenly, an earthquake happens. Many earthquakes begin under the sea. Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth. They often happen near the mountains. During an earthquake, the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack (断裂) open. Houses fall, people are killed or hurt, and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed. Can we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes? Scientists have studied earthquakes and make maps that show the “earthquake belts”. In areas (地区) in these belts, it’ s possible for earthquakes to happen. In these areas we should build strong houses to fight against earthquakes. In the future, scientists will be able to tell when and where an earthquake will be before they happen. They can also tell people what to do and how to do it. 1.A large number of earthquakes often happens ________. A. in the area B. on land C. at night D. next to mountains 2.The reason for an earthquake is _______. A.the result of rock plate sudden movement B.that there are so many plates on the earth C.that the sea is too deep D.rocks’ cracking open 3.A map showing the earthquake belts will tell people ______. A.what kind of houses to build B.what kind of houses can stay up in an earthquake C.where earthquake may happen D.how to keep themselves safe during an earthquake 4.In the future we’ll be no longer so afraid of earthquakes ______. A.with the help of scientists’ exact prediction (预报) B.because of a map showing the “earthquake belts” C.because we can guess the date and place of earthquakes D.as scientists know what to do and how to do it 5.Choose the best title fro the passage. A.An Earthquake B. A Scientist and an Earthquake C. How to Fight Against Earthquake D. Earthquakes Today and Tomorrow 【答案与解析】地震是地球上对人类生存构成威胁的最严重的自然灾害之一。科学家们 经过研究，发现了地震活动最频繁的地方。生活在地震带地方的人们可以采取适当的措施减 少其危害。也许，将来科学家们能在地震之前预测出发生的地点和时间。 1.D。第一节最后的一句话是本题答案的出处。答案题时，尤其要注意该句中的 often 一 词。 2.B。短文的“When some plates of the earth move suddenly, an earthquake happens”这一 句明确告诉我们：地球板块突然移动时，就导致地震的发生。选项 A 不是地震的成因，而 是地震产生的结果。这从“…the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack open”一句 中可以看出。 3.C。地震带(earthquake belts)是可能发生地震的地方。这由第三段的中间几句所描述的 内容可知。 4.A。将来科学家能预测出地震发生的时间和地点。有了这种精确的预报，人们当然不 会再对地震那么恐惧了。 5.A。短文主要围绕地震的成因、危害以及对未来科学家们从事地震研究的展望，向我 们介绍了地震方面的知识。故选项 A 为最佳答案。 26 It seems to us that the earth stands quite still (静止的). But it is really moving all the time. It turns around a make-believe line through its center. We call this make-believe line the earth’s axis (地轴). The two ends of the earth’s axis are called its poles (极). The earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once. We look at the sun and say it “travels” across the sky, but the sun doesn’t really do so. The turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky. We can’t see that the earth is moving because everything else on the earth is turning with us. As the earth turns around every twenty-four hours, first one half faces the sun and then the other half. When our half of the earth is facing the sun, we say it is “day”. When our half is away from the sun, we say it is “night”. It is the turning of the earth that tells us when to go to bed and when to get up. 1.The meaning of “a make-believe line” is “a line that ______”. A. is called pole B. we can’t see C. anyone can see D. we can make and believe 2.It takes the earth ______ to turn around its axis once. A. a week B. a month C. 12 hours D. 24 hours 3.Usually we say, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.” In fact, the sun _______. A. does not move B. is moving all the time C. moves sometimes D. is too heavy to move 4.We can’t see the earth moving because _________. A. the earth stands still B. everything on the earth is moving with us C. the earth is smaller than the sun D. the earth goes only at night 5.When our part of the earth turns away from the sun we have “______”, and when our part faces the sun we have “_____”. A.day; night B. day; day C. night; day D. night; night Passage 8 We know the mosquito very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere. They can be found almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them. No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide that she loves you. She? Yes, she. It’ s true that male mosquito doesn’t bite (咬)and only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn’t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember you are chosen. You’re different from the others! If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch (痒) on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood. By the time the itching begins, and she has flown away. And then what happens? Well, after her delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She just wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, on a leaf or a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs. 1.“Mosquito” means _______ in Chinese. A.苍蝇 B.蜻蜓 C. 跳蚤 D.蚊子 2.We know mosquitoes very well because ___________. A. they can be found easily B. they fly here and there C. there are many kinds of them D. they can fly 3.If the mosquito doesn’t bite you, it will ________. A. get angry with you B. be afraid of you C. make a lot of noise D. choose another one 4.The mosquito bites you _________. A. when you’re asleep B. because you have choose it C. too quickly to let you know D. but doesn’t like you 5.Which of the following sentences is wrong? A. The itching begins after the mosquito bites you . B. You feel terrible when the mosquito bites you. C. Mosquitoes use blood to lay eggs. D. All the mosquitoes don’t like to bite people for blood. 【答案与解析】这是一篇介绍地球的自转、公转以及昼夜的交替等自然现象的成因的短 文。借助地理学知识，是不难理解的。 1.B。根据句子的意思及地理课上学到的知识，可知地球绕其中心旋转的那条线叫做地 轴。这是一条假想的、看不见的东西。故答案是 B。 2.D。根据“The earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once.”这个句子可直接选出 正确答案。事实上，确切地说，地球自转一周所用的时间是 23 时 48 分 46 秒。 3.A。答案就在“… but the sun doesn’t really do so. The turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky.”这两句话中。选项 D 迷惑性较大，但是这利用由地理 知识来排除。 4.B。这是表层理解题，很明显答案在“…because everything else on the earth is turning with us”一句中。 5.C。只要理解了“When our half of the earth is facing the sun, we say it is ‘day’. When our half is away from the sun, we say it is ‘night’.”这句话中 face 的意思，即它在此处用作动 词(意思是“对着；面向”)，答案即可迎刃而解。 27 We’ve talked about snails (蜗牛) and their slow move. But much of the time snails don’t move at all. They are in their shells (壳) —sleeping. Hot sun will dry out a snail’s body. So at the least sign of hot sun, a snail draws its body into his shell. A snail will die in a heavy rain. So when it rains, a snail does the same thing, too. A snail can sleep for as long as it needs to. It spends all the winter months in its shell, asleep. In the spring the snail wakes up. Its body, about three inches long, comes out from the shell. When hungry, the snail looks for food. Its eyes, at the end of the top feelers (触角), are very weak. But its sense (感觉) of smell is very strong. It helps the snail to find food and the new greens. A snail’s mouth is no bigger than the point of a pin (大头针). Yet it has 256,000 teeth! The teeth are very small, and you can’t see them. If you put a snail in a hard paper box, it will eat its way out! And if a snail wears out its teeth, it will grow new ones. 1.A snail _________. A.moves more slowly at nightB.has thousands of feet C.doesn’t move at all D.sleeps much of the time 2.In the sentence “A snail draws its body into its shell”, the word “draw” means _____. A. to make with a pencil B. to pushC. to pull D. to move away 3.From the story, we know _________. A. a snail’s shell is very thin B. a snail can’t see well C. a snail’s nose is quite short D. a snail’s body changes in different seasons 4.A snail goes to sleep when _____. A. it feels hungry B. it is put into a paper box C. spring is coming D. it rains heavily 5.Which of the following is wrong? A.In winter the snail doesn’t eat or move.B.A snail doesn’t like living under the sun. C.The snail’s teeth can’t be worn out.D.The snail’s nose helps to find food. 【答案与解析】这篇短文向我们介绍了蜗牛的生活习性。无论是烈日当空，还是大雨滂 沱，蜗牛都会像整个冬季一样，呆在壳里睡觉。春天来临的时候，蜗牛就拖着三英寸长的身 体从壳里钻出来，靠它那灵敏的触角觅食。别看它的嘴比大头针尖大不了多少，却长着 25 万多颗牙齿呢！ 1.D。根据开头的“But much of the time snails don’t move at all. They are in their shells ----sleeping.”这句话，显然只有 D 是正确答案。 2.C。本题属熟词新义。由“Hot sun will dry out a snail’s body. So at the least sign of hot sun, a snail draws its body into his shell.”一句的意思，尤其是要仔细考虑关键词“into”对猜测词 义的辅助作用，可知蜗牛一旦碰到炙热的太阳，就会把身体蜷缩进壳里。 3.B。答案即是“Its eyes, at the end of the top feelers are very weak.”这句话。 4.D。关键要理解好“So when it rains, a snail does the same thing, too.”这句话中的“the same thing”的意思。事实上，由“In the spring the snail wakes up. … comes out from the shell.” 和“…in a hard paper box, it will eat its way out!”是很容易排除 B、C 和 A 的。 5.C。根据短文最后一句话“And if a snail wears out its teeth, it will grow new ones.”，可以 判断 C 项是明显的错误。 28 Jupiter’s Moons and How They Travel The many moons of Jupiter travel around the planet in different directions (方向). Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. Over the years, scientists have found that Jupiter has its own small solar system. Earth has one moon. Jupiter has at least sixteen and probably more. Since there are so many moons, scientists began to number them. The numerals(numbers)tell the sequence, or order, in which the moons were found. They were slower to name the moons. All of Jupiter’s moons now have a name as well as a number. The first five moons to be discovered are known as the “inner moons”. But they are not the closest to the planet. The closest is only 127,600 kilometers away from Jupiter. All the inner moons circle the planet in counter-clockwise direction, that is, opposite of the hands of a clock. Jupiter’s middle group of moons are at least 11,100,000 kilometers from the planet. They also move in a counter-clockwise motion (moving). The four farthest moons are at least 20,700,000 kilometers away. These are called “outer moons”. They circle in a clockwise motion. How many more moons do you think will be discovered？ 1.What does “solar system” in this article mean？______ A. 银河系 B. 宇宙空间 C. 流星雨 D. 太阳系 2.Things that travel in the same direction as the hands of a clock are said to be traveling in a______. A. clockwise direction B. counter-clockwise direction C. same direction D. different direction 3.Jupiter’s _____group of moons travel in a clockwise direction. A. planets B. inner C. middle D. outer 4.The numbers given to Jupiter’s moons tell ______. A. the order in which they were discovered B. the order in which they travel C. the order of their distance from Jupiter D. the order of names 5.According to the passage，which of the following statements is true？ A. None of Jupiter’s moons have names.B. Most of Jupiter's moons circle clockwise. C. Jupiter's inner moons were discovered first.D. Jupiter is the nearest planet to the earth. 6.How far away are the middle group of moons from Jupiter？ A. It’s not mentioned. B. 11,100,000 kilometers away. C. 127,600 kilometers away. D. 20,700,000 kilometers away. 【答案与解析】这是一篇关于宇宙知识的科普短文。在太阳系中，木星是最大的一颗 行星。围绕其旋转的卫星有很多。科学家们首先发现的是离它较近的五颗名叫“内部月亮” 的卫星，它们是以逆时针方向绕其旋转的。木星的不计其数的中间月亮团也是以逆时针方向 绕其旋转的。但它的最近的四个“外部月亮”却是以顺时针方向绕其旋转的。 1. 选 D。文中介绍 Jupiter(木星)是最大的行星，地球只有一个月亮，而木星至少有 16 个，甚至更多。由此可见，solar system 即为太阳系，木星同地球一样都是太阳系中的行星。 2. 选 A。“ clockwise direction”指“顺时针方向”。文中对“counter-clockwise direction” 的解释是“opposite of the hands of a clock”，即“逆时针方向”。 3. 选 D。最远的四个月亮称为“outer moons”，它们以顺时针方向转。 4. 选 A。由文中“The numerals(numbers)tell the sequence, or order, in which the moons were found.”这句话可知。 5. 选 C。统观全文，可知选项 A、B 不符合文意，根据常识判断，选项 D 也不正确。再 由环绕木星旋转的月亮团以依次发现的时间为序，由此推理可得出“the inner moons were discovered first”。 6. 选 B。在文中可找到“Jupiter's middle group of moons are at least 11,100,000 kilometers from the planet.”。根据这一句话的意思，便可得知此题答案为 B。 29 WHY IS THE SUN IMPORTANT？ The sun is a huge, hot, bright star. It is important because without it there would be no life on Earth. The sun gives us light and heat. All living things need light and heat from the sun to live. Plants need light and heat to grow. They use the light from the sun to make food. We cannot make our own food, but plants can. All the food we eat comes from plants in a food chain(链)which starts with the sun. For example, Animals need sunlight, too. Just like us, their food comes from a food chain which begins with the sun and the plants. sun→ leaf→ caterpillar(毛虫)→bird sun→ seaweed(海藻)→small fish→ whale(鲸) Sunlight means we can see during the day. If there was no sun, it would be dark all the time. Even when the sky is cloudy, the sunlight is very strong and it shines through the clouds. 1.Which words tell us what the sun is like？ A. Huge. B. Hot. C. Bright. D. All above. 2.What are the two main things the sun gives us？ A. Light and heat. B. Heat and eggs.C. Corn and light. D. Wheat and bread. 3.Why can we still see during the day when the sky is cloudy？ A. Because we can see all day and all night. B. Because the sun can't give us light all day long. C. Because the sunlight can shine through the clouds. D. Because we can't see at night. 4.All the food we eat comes from ______. And it starts with the _____. A. plants; earth B. a food chain; sun C. food; sun D. plants; star 5.In what way do you think the sun cannot be harmful(有害的)？ A. The sun can do harm to your eyes and skin. B. It can make rivers too dry. C. Without it there would be no life on Earth. D. Hot sun on dry land can cause fires. 【答案与解析】本题以实例说明了太阳对地球上各种生物的重大作用。文中介绍说： 太阳是一个巨大的火球，它发出的光和热对于地球上的生物有着非常重要的意义。万物生长 靠太阳。动物与人类的食物都来自起始于太阳的食物链。 1.D。答案就在短文首句的“ The sun is a huge, hot, bright star.”之中，其中包含的三个 形容词正是本题的答案。 2.A.短文首段末句和第二段的首句“The sun gives us light and heat. All living things need light and heat from the sun to live.”是解答该题目的重要依据。 3.C.本小题属于表层理解题。答案显然在“If there was no sun，it would be dark all the time. Even when the sky is cloudy, the sunlight is very strong and it shines through the clouds.”一句中。 4.B.本小题同样属于表层理解题。“All the food we eat comes from plants in a food chain(链)which starts with the sun.”这句话是问题的出处。此句是定语从句，要仔细阅读才能 正确理解。 5.C.根据“It is important because without it there would be no life on Earth.”和“If there was no sun, it would be dark all the time.”这两句话，可很容易将其余三个选项排除。 30 Most animals only have animals of a different kind for food. But sometimes two kinds of animals come together in a partnership (伙伴关系) which is good for them. You may have noticed some birds on the backs of sheep. This is not because they want a ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites (寄生虫) on sheep. The sheep let the birds do so because they can stop the parasites from troubling them. So though they can do with it by themselves, they can do better together with each other. Sometimes an animal has a plant partner. The relationship develops until the two partners cannot do without each other. This is so in corals of the sea. Inside their bodies they have very small plants, which act as “cleaners”, taking the useless things from the coral and giving oxygen in return. That is what the animal needs to live. If the plants are killed, or are even kept from receiving light so that they cannot live as usual, the corals will die. 1.Some birds like to sit on a sheep because ________. A. they can eat its parasites B. they enjoy traveling with the sheep C. they can’t live without its parasites D. they want to find the warm place 2.The underlined word “they” in the first paragraph means _________. A. birds and parasites B. birds and sheep C. parasites and sheep D. birds, parasites and sheep 3.We learn from the passage that corals need plants for _______. A. friends B. light C. food D. oxygen 4.The Chinese for the word “oxygen” is _________. A. 氧气 B. 空气 C. 废气 D.二氧化碳 5.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. Some animals and plants cannot live without each other. B. Some animals and plants cannot develop their friendship easily. C. Some plants eat each other. D. Some animals live better together. 【答案与解析】自然界中里的事情总是那么的奇妙。很多动物都以不同种类的动物作为 自己的食物，有时两种动物还具有伙伴关系呢。有些动物也以植物作为伙伴。比如：海洋生 物珊瑚的体内有一种很小的植物。这些植物消耗珊瑚身体内无用的东西，并释放出氧气。而 这些氧气又是珊瑚生存所必需的。 1.A.本题属于表层理解题。答案即在“This is not because they want a ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites (寄生虫) on sheep.”一句之中。 2.B.前文中的“The sheep let the birds do so because they can stop the parasites from troubling them.”的意思是说“绵羊让鸟儿落在自己身上，因为鸟儿可以将它们身上的寄生 虫吃掉。”；另一句“So though they can do with it by themselves…”的意思是说“尽管它们自 己也能对付寄生虫……”。综合上面两句话的意思，再结合“…they can do better together with each other.”这一句话，即得答案。 3.D.显然，根据“…taking the useless things from the coral and giving oxygen in return. That is what the animal needs to live.”这两句话可知，珊瑚需要植物提供的氧气才能生存下去。 4.D.联系生物学常识，氧气是各种生物赖以生存所必需的，所以由此可以推测出该词的 意思是“氧气”。 5.A.根据这一自然段的内容，珊瑚和它们体内的植物具有相互依存的关系。因此，答案 非 A 莫属。选项 D 迷惑性较大。因为这一自然段主要说明了珊瑚与体内植物的关系，它们 在一块生存得很好。但选项 D 意思是“一些动物在一起生存得更好。”只要注意“动物”和 “植物”这两个字眼，即可将此项排除。 31 Henry was an office worker in a big city. He worked very hard and enjoyed traveling in his holidays. He usually went to the seaside, but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper. “Enjoy country life. Spend a few weeks at West Hill Farm. Good food. Fresh air. Horse riding. Walking. Fishing. Cheap and interesting.” “This sounds a good idea,” he thought. “I’ll spend a month at West Hill Farm. I think I can enjoy horse riding, walking and fishing. They’ll make a change from sitting by the seaside and swimming.” He wrote to the farmer. In the letter he said that he would like to spend all of July there. Then on the first of July, he left for West Hill Farm. But four days later, he returned home. “What was wrong with West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Ed, asked him. “Didn’t you enjoy country life?” “Country life was very good,” Henry said. “But there was another problem.” “Oh. What?” “Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had roast mutton for dinner.” “What's wrong with that?” Ed asked. “Fresh meat is the best.” “I know, but on the second day a cow died, and we had roast beef for dinner.” “Lucky you!” “You don't understand,” Henry said. “On the third day a pig died and we had roast pork for dinner.” “A different meat every day,” Ed said loudly, “ and you are complaining!” “Let me finish,” Henry said. “On the fourth day the farmer died, and I didn't dare (敢)stay for dinner!” 1.How did Henry find out about the farm? A. He saw it in a newspaper advertisement. B. His best friend told him. C. He wrote to the farmer. D. Maybe he learned it from the radio. 2. Henry came back home several days later because ______________. A. he didn't like the country life at all B. the farmer wasn’t friendly to him C. his holiday was over D. he thought he might have to eat the farmer 3. “…and you are complaining!”, the word “complain” means __________. A.夸奖 B.说三道四 C.抱怨 D.故弄玄虚 4.Which of the following sentences is true? A. Ed could eat a different kind of meat every day. B. Henry thought he could enjoy a change. C. Henry couldn't think of anything else to do, so he went to the farm. D. The farmer died because of the bad meat he ate. 5.Which is the best title for the passage? A. What a beautiful farm! B. Have a good time. C.A short holiday D. Henry and the farmer. 【答案与解析】假日里，亨利喜欢到海边去旅游。有一次，他想去西山农场享受一下田 园风光，并计划在那儿度过一个月的时间。可是令人惊奇的是，才去四天之后他就回来了。 当朋友问起其中的缘由时，亨利说道：第一天，农场里死了一只羊，晚餐时美美地吃了一顿 烤羊肉；第二天农场死了一头牛，又吃了一顿烧牛肉；第三天农场死了一头猪，结果又吃了 一顿烤猪肉。可是，到了第四天，农场主死了，我不敢再留下来吃饭了。 1.A。第二段的首句“…but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper.”即是答案的 出处。 2.C。本题考查根据语境进行分析判断的能力。由上下文，显然可知这是报纸上的一则 广告信息。 3.B。本题考查通过上下文对词汇的推测能力。根据亨利的叙述可得出此答案。 4. B。这由“A different meat every day, and you are complaining!”一句可知。 5. C。本来打算要在乡村农场过一个暑假，结果四天之后就回来了。这能不是个短暂的 假期吗？用此作标题既切合题意，又具有幽默的味道。 32 After returning from her round trip, the angry woman stood outside the ticket office of the station. “The railway owes me 12 pounds,” she said to Harry Jenks, the young man working at the office.” You sold me a ticket for May 22nd, but there was no ship from Jersey that night. So my daughter and I had to stay in a hotel. It cost me 12 pounds.” Harry was worried. He remembered selling the woman a return ticket. “Come into the office, Madam,” he said politely. “I’ll just check the Jersey timetable for May 22nd.” The woman and her little girl followed him inside. She was quite right, as Harry soon discovered. There was no sailing on May 22nd. How could he have made such a careless mistake? He shouldn’t have sold her a ticket for that day. Wondering what to do, he smiled at the child. “You look sun burnt,” he said to her. “Did you have a nice holiday in Jersey?” “Yes,” she answered, shyly. “The beach was lovely. And I can swim too!” “That’s fine,” said Harry. “My little girl can’t swim a bit yet. Of course, she’s only three…” “I’m four,” the child said proudly. “I’ll be four and a half.” Harry turned to the mother. “I remember your ticket, Madam,” he said. “But you didn’t get one for your daughter, did you?” “Er, well…” the woman looked at the child. “I mean…she hasn’t started school yet, she’ s only four.” “A four-year-old child must have a ticket, Madam. A child’s return ticket to Jersey costs … let me see… 13.50 pounds. The law is the law, but since the mistake is mine….” The woman stood up, took the child’s hand and left the office. 1. The woman was angry because __________. A. she couldn’t use the ticket for her round trip B. she had to return home a day earlier than she had planned C. she spent more money than she had expected D. Harry had sold her a ticket to Jersey where there was no sailing 2. Harry was worried __________. A.the woman was angry with him B.he had not done his work carefully C.the Jersey timetable was wrong D.the little girl didn’t have a return ticket 3. Harry started talking to the little girl ___________. A.because he was in trouble and did not know what to do B.because he had a little girl about the same age as this girl C.because he wanted to be friendly to the little girl who looked so nice D.when he suddenly realized that he could find a way out from the little girl 4. When Harry said, “The law is the law, but since the mistake was mine…” he meant that ____. A.they must follow it without other choice, even though the mistake was his B.he had to be strict with the woman because of the law, although he didn’t want to C.the woman had to pay him 1.50 pounds and the railway would pay her for the hotel D.she should pay 1.50 pounds, but he had made a mistake, she could go without paying 5. The woman left the office without saying anything because _______________. A.she wanted to go home and get money for the child’s ticket B.she was so angry that she didn’t want to have anything more to do with the young man C.she was moved (感动) by Harry’s kindness D.she knew she would have to pay the railway if she insisted (坚持) 【答案与解析】这篇短文的大致情节是：一位妇女向车站售票员索要 12 英镑，原因是： 由于售票员工作的疏忽，买给这位妇女的票是 5 月 22 日的，那天并没有轮船出航。这位妇 女和自己的女儿只好在旅馆住了一宿，花去了 12 英镑。可是当售票员和这位妇女攀谈时， 得知她四岁的女儿没有买票，而儿童票价是 13.5 英镑。结果，这位妇女非但没有得到 12 英 镑的补偿，反而欠车站 1.5 英镑。 1.C.这是一道辨认事实细节题。粗看 D 似乎应该是此题的答案，但仔细辨认一下就不难 发现短文中确定指出五月二十二日那天没有去 Jersey 的轮船，可是当读完 the women 所说的 话后，你就会清楚地知道她生气的主要原因是她多花了一宿住旅店的钱。 2.B.仔细阅读短文的二、三段就可以知道是因为Harry没做好工作，5月22日晚上在Jersey 无船的。 3.A.短文中的这句“Wondering what to do, he smiled at the child.”是解答该题的依据。 4.D.根据上下文对事情和年轻的售票员思想过程的叙述，可知这句话的意思是：按规定 那妇女要付小孩的票钱，但售票员也有错。因此，他希望互相不追究，所以正确答案为 D。 5.D.从最后年轻人的那段话，及那位妇女一句话都没说，站起来，牵起小女孩的手就离 开了票房这一事实，可以推理出那妇女的思想过程，即如果她要坚持让票房赔她一晚住宿营 费的话，那么车站也可以按规定要她补买小女孩的票，这样她就会多付 1.5 英镑，因此，她 也就不再坚持了。 33 Three travelers, Allan, Carl and Paul were sitting on the chairs in a train station. They were waiting for a train that was very late. To pass the time, they began talking to each other. At first, they talked about the weather and their work. Then Paul said, "Tell me—what would you most like to do if your doctor tell you that you have only three months to live?" The other two men thought about this for a while, then Carl spoke. “Well,” he said, “if I have only three months to live, I’ll take all my money out of the bank and go to foreign countries for holidays with my best friend, Erik. I'd like to travel to the places in the world as many as possible. And I'll stay at the best hotels and then eat the best food. I think I'll have a wonderful time.” “That's very interesting.” Paul said. With these words, he turned to the other man, saying, “And what about you?” “I'll tell you a secret,” Allan said. “I always want to be a racing driver. So if I have only three months to live, the first thing I'd like to do is to sell my house. With the money I’ll buy the fastest car in the world. Maybe I can enter all the big motor races.” Then he laughed, "I might even end up (以……而告终) world champion.” “Now it's your turn,” Allan went on, “If your doctor tell you the bad news, what would you most like to do?” “Oh,” said Paul with a smile. “I’ll go and see another doctor.” 1.The three men were talking _____________. A. in the post office B. in the waiting room C. on the train D. on the chairs 2.The man called ________ answered the question first. A. Carl B. Allan C. Erik D. Paul 3.The men began to talk about the weather and the work because they __________. A. didn't know anything new B. wanted to pass the time quickly C. had nothing to do D. were very interested in each other's work 4."I might even end up world champion." Here the word "champion" means ________in Chinese. A.名人 B.赛车手 C.大款 D.冠军 5.Which sentence is right according to the passage? A. The train didn't arrive on time. B. Paul wanted to buy a racing car very much. C. Allan was the second man to answer the question. D. Carl didn't like traveling at all. 【答案与解析】这篇幽默故事讲的是：三个人在谈论“如果大夫告知你还能活三个月 的时间，你最想做什么？”这个问题。其中一个人说他将从银行取出所有的钱和朋友一块去 度假，并尽可能多地旅游一些地方。另一个人说他将买掉自己的房子，买一辆好车，做一名 赛车手。也许能有机会参加汽车大赛。第三个人说，如果大夫告诉他这个坏消息，他将再去 看一个医生。 1.B.根据题意，这三个人在火车站等火车，当然是在候车室。 2.A.答案就在“The other two men thought about this for a while, then Carl spoke.”这句话 中。 3.B.短文第二句即是本题的答案。 4.D.由 Allan 说的话，可推测出 D 为最佳答案。 5.C.“With these words, he turned to the other man, saying, ‘And what about you?’”这句 话以及后边的回答是解答本题的关键之所在。 34 An English traveler found himself in Norway with only enough money to buy the ticket for his journey back home. As he knew that it would take him only two days to get to England, he decided that he could easily spend the time without food. So he bought a ticket and got on the ship. The man closed his ears to the sound of the lunch bell. When dinnertime came, he didn’t go to dinning room, saying that he was not feeling very well. The next morning he still didn’t have breakfast and at lunchtime he again stayed in his room. But at dinnertime he was so hungry that he went to the dinning room and ate everything the waiter put in front of him. He got ready for the quarrel. “Bring me the bill,” he said. “The bill, sir?” said the waiter in surprise. “There isn’t any bill. On our ship meals are included (包括) in the money for the ticket,” said the waiter. 1.The story happened _______. A. in England B. on a ship from Norway to England C. in Norway D. on a ship from England to Norway 2.Why didn’t the traveler go to the dinning room first? A.Because he had no money B.Because he didn’t feel very well C.Because he didn’t want to eat anything D.Because he didn’t hear the sound of the bell 3.The traveler went to the dinning room to eat something because _______. A.his friend had given him some money B.the waiter had asked him to change his mind C.he learned that there was no bill on the ship D.he was too hungry 4.How many meals did the traveler have on the ship? A. Only one B. Two C. Three D. None 5.After the traveler finished eating, ________. A.he had a quarrel with waiter over the bill B.he drank a lot C.he asked the waiter to bring him the change(零钱) D.he came to know that travelers on the ship had free meals 【答案与解析】本文的故事情节是：一位英国人到挪威旅游。回家的时候发现自己身 上的钱只能够买一张票的。想到只需两天就能回到家，他决定这期间就不吃东西了。到开饭 的时候，他就一个人呆在船舱里，就这样一直挨到第二天下午。可到了吃晚饭时，他饿得实 在受不了了，于是决定挨揍一顿也要去吃。然而，等他吃完饭向服务员要账单时，服务员说 这条船上的用餐是免费的，因为用餐费已包括中船票中了。 1.B。文章开头两句是本题的答案之所在。 2.A。根据“…with only enough money to buy the ticket for his journey back home.”和“… decided that he could easily spend the time without food.”可知。 3.D。由题意可知，这位旅客饿得受不了，于是就去了餐厅。 4.A。前文说这位旅客只消两天就能回到英国。第一天没有吃东西，第二天的早、午饭 也没吃。待吃了这顿晚饭明天就可以到家了。所以他只吃了一顿饭。 5.D。“ There isn’t any bill. On our ship meals are included (包括) in the money for the ticket.” 即是本题答案的出处。 35 A farmer had a cow. He took very good care of this cow and one day when it was ill, he was very worried. He telephoned the vet. “What’s the problem?” The vet asked him when he arrived. “My cow's ill,” the farmer said. “I don’t know what's the matter with her. She’s lying down and won’t eat. She's making a strange noise.” The vet looked over the cow. "She's certainly ill," he said, "and she needs to take some very strong medicine." He took a bottle out of his box, put two pills into his hand and said, "Give her these. The pills should make her better." “How should I give them to her?” the farmer asked. The vet gave him a tube (管子)and said, "Put this tube in her mouth, then put the pills in the tube and blow. That'll make it." The next day the vet came to the farm again. The farmer was sitting outside his house and looked more worried. “How's your cow?” the vet asked. “No change,” the farmer said, “and I’m feeling very strange myself.” “Oh?” the vet said, "Why?" “I did what you said,” the farmer answered. “I put the tube in the cow's mouth and then put two pills down it.” “And?” the vet asked. “The cow blew first,” the farmer said. 1.In the story, the vet must be _________. A. the farmer's friend B. a milk factory C. a hospital for cows D. a doctor for animals 2.The farmer asked the vet for help when his cow _______ A. couldn't lie down B. didn't eat the pills C. couldn't make any noise D. was ill 3.What medicine did the vet give the farmer? A. Bottle of pills. B. A long tube. C. Two pills. D. A small box. 4.The vet taught the farmer how _________. A. to blow the tube B. to make the cow take the pills C. to take the medicine D. to put the tube in his mouth 5.Which of the following is true? A. The farmer ate the pills himself. B. The cow got better after taking the medicine. C. The vet came to help farmer change the cow the next day. D. The farmer waited for the vet outside his house the next day. 【答案与解析】这篇令人忍俊不禁的幽默的主要内容是：一个农夫的牛病倒了。兽医 给了他一些药和一根管子，并告诉他怎么样用这根管子给牛喂药。第二天，兽医再次到农场 时发现那位农夫坐在家门口，一脸的焦虑不安。原来他的牛病情并没有好转。他说自己按照 兽医的嘱咐做了，可当他将管子插入牛的嘴里，并放进两粒药丸，正想吹气时，牛却先吹了 一口气。 1.D。根据短文内容，很容易推测出该词的汉语意思是“兽医”。答案当然是 D。 2.D。由“She’s lying down and won’t eat. She's making a strange noise.”可以排除 A 和 B。C 显然不对。 3.C。“ He took a bottle out of his box, put two pills into his hand…”一句是答案的出处。 4.B。 由“How should I give them to her?”这句话可知。 5.A.根据短文最后一句话，不难想象，没等农夫吹气，牛先吹了一口气，将药丸吹到了 农夫的嘴里。 36 Several years ago, a television reporter was talking to three of the most important people in America. One was a very rich banker, another owned one of the largest companies in the world, and the third owned many buildings in the center of New York. The reporter was talking to them about being important. “How do we know if someone is really important?” the reporter asked the banker. The banker thought for a few moments and then said, “I think anybody who is invited to the Whiter House to meet the President of the United States is really important.” The reporter then turned to the owner of the very large company. “Do you agree with that?” she asked. The man shook his head, “No. I think the President invites a lot of people to the White House. You’d only be important if while you were visiting the President, there was a telephone call from the president of another country, and the President of the US said he was too busy to answer it.” The reporter turned to the third man. “Do you think so?” “No, I don’t.” he said. “I don’t think that makes the visitor important. That makes the President important.” “Then what would make the visitor important?” the reporter and the other two men asked. “Oh, I think if the visitor to the White House was talking to the President and the phone rang, and the President picked up the receiver, listened and then said, ‘it’s for you.’” 1.This story happened in _______. A. England B. America C. Japan D. Australia 2.There are _______ in this passage. A. two men and two women B. three men and one woman C. three women and one man D. four women 3.The banker thought _______. A.he was really important because he was a rich banker B.the visitor to the White House was really important C.the visitor who met the President of the United States D. the reporter was really important 4.The owner of the very large company thought _______. A.she was really important because she owned one of the largest companies B.the banker was really important C.the owner of many buildings in the center of New York was really important D. the visitor would be really important if while he was visiting the President, the President would not answer any telephone call 5.The owner of many buildings thought _______. A.he was really important because he owned many buildings in the center of New York B.the owner of the very large company was really important C.the visitor was really important if he talking to the President and the President received a telephone call for the visitor D.the person who worked in the White House was really important 【答案与解析】短文的梗概是：一名电视台记者向三个很富有的人问了这样一个问题： 如何判断一个人是不是重要人物。银行家认为凡被邀请到白宫与美国总统会见的人都是重要 人物。拥有世界上最大公司的那个人却不赞同。他说被邀请去白宫的人太多了。但如果正当 你与总统谈话时，另一个国家的总统来了电话，美国总统说他太忙了，不能接电话。这才说 明你确实是重要人物。然而第三个人却认为这只能衬托美国总统的地位。他说如果正当来访 者与美国总统谈话时电话铃响了，美国总统拿起电话听了听，然后对来访者说，“找你的。” 这个人是最重要的人物。 1.B。答案即是短文首段的第一句“Several years ago, a television reporter was talking to three of the most important people in America.”。 2.A。记者和那三个重要人物，共二男二女。关于男女性别可在下文中说话人的话语中 可以看出来。 3.C。由“I think anybody who is invited to the Whiter House to meet the President of the United States is really important”这句可知。 4.D。同上题一样，本题也属表层理解题。答案就在“You’d only be important if while you were visiting the President, there was a telephone call from the president of another country, and the President of the US said he was too busy to answer it.”中。 5.C。文章最后一段即是本小题答案之所在。 37 Three men traveling on a train began a conversation about the world's greatest wonders. “In my opinion,” the first man said, “the Egyptian pyramids are the world's greatest wonder. Although they were built thousands of years ago, they are still standing. And remember: the people who built them had only simple tools. They did not have the kind of machinery that builders and engineers have today.” “I agree that the pyramids in Egypt are wonderful,” the second man said, “but I do not think they are the greatest wonder. I believe computers are more wonderful than the pyramids. They have taken people to the moon and brought them back safely. In seconds，they carry out mathematical calculations that would take a person a hundred years to do.” He turned to the third man and asked, “What do you think is the greatest wonder in the world？” The third man thought for a long time，and then he said, “Well，I agree that the pyramids are wonderful, and I agree that computers are wonderful, too. However，in my opinion, the most wonderful thing in the world is this thermos.” And he took a thermos out of his bag and held it up. The other two men were very surprised. “A thermos？”they exclaimed. “But that's a simple thing.” “Oh, no，it's not, ”the third man said. “In the winter you put in a hot drink and it stays hot. In the summer you put in a cold drink and it stays cold. How does the thermos know whether it's winter or summer？” 1.The underlined word “thermos” means in Chinese “ _____ ”. A.电冰箱 B.洗衣机 C.电风扇 D.保温瓶 2.The three men could not agree on what the world's greatest wonder was because _____. A. they could not think of anything very wonderfulB. they all had different ideas C. they could not prove that their opinions were rightD. the journey ended too soon 3.The first man thought the pyramids were the most wonderful things in the world because _____. A. they were very beautiful B. they were Egyptian C. they had been built with very simple toolsD. they could do mathematical calculations 4.The third man thought a thermos was the most wonderful thing in the world because _____. A. it lasted longer than the pyramids B. it cost less than a computer C. he thought it knew whether it was winter or summer D. the other two men were surprised when he told them about it 5.The third man was not very clever because _____. A. he could not think of anything to sayB. he did not understand how a thermos works C. he did not think the pyramids were wonderful D. he did not know anything about computers 【答案与解析】三个人在谈论世界上伟大的奇观。其中的一个人认为修建于几千年前 的金字塔是最让人叹服的世界奇迹。其理由是：当时只有简单的原始工具，并没有我们现代 化的设备和技艺精湛的工程师。第二个人则认为电子计算机金字塔更为奇妙。因为在它们的 控制下人类已经登上月球并安全返回，并且计算机的运算速度实在惊人。第三个人的观点非 常独特，他认为暖水瓶是最让人不可思议的发明。其他两个对他的话感到十分诧异。问其原 因时，那人却说：冬天，把热水倒进去，它就能保温；夏天把冷饮倒进去时，它就能保持冰 凉。它怎么知道是夏天还是冬天？” 1.D.最后一段：“冬天往里装热饮料，它能保温；夏天往里装冷饮料，它能保冷。”由此 可猜测出 thermos 意为“保温瓶”。本题选 D 正确。 2.B.通读全文可知，对于“世界上最大的奇迹是什么”这一问题各有各自的观点，故本 题选 B 正确。 3.C.第二段后两句即本题答案出处。本题选 C 正确。 4.C.本题选 C 正确，由短文最后一段可得出此答案。 5.B.从最后一段可知，第三个人对于保温瓶保温的原理不懂。故本题选 B 正确。 38 An old man was going home late one night with his horse and cart after a day's hard work. When he was not far from his house, the light on the cart went out. He tried but could not mend it. He was near his home, and so he went along the road without a light. When a policeman saw this, he stopped the old carter. "Where's your light?" asked the policeman. "No one may take a cart along a road at night without a light. You know that. You've broken the law. "I had a light," said the old man, "but it has just gone out." "I don't believe that story," said the policeman. He took out a book and got ready to write. "What's your name and where do you live?" he asked. "Please don't take my name," said the old man. "My house is just there. You can see it from here. I had a light nearly the whole way. I haven't come far without a light." "You came all the way without a light. What's your name?" The carter quickly took the policeman's hand and put it down on the top of the light. The light was still hot, and burnt the policeman's hand. He jumped and he was very angry. "Now, what do you think?" said the carter. "Did I come all the way without a light?" 1.In the passage "Cart" is ___________. A. something like a car B. something like a light C. something pulled by a horse D. something with a light 2.The old man drove home ___________. A. on the back of his horse B. late one night C. very late every night D. with a policeman 3.Where did the policeman stop the old man? A. Near his home. B. At the traffic lights. C. Under a road light. D. Far from his house. 4.The cart was stopped by the policeman because ________. A. the old man didn't have a light B. the policeman didn't believe the old man's words C. the old man did not want to tell his name D. the old man's light wasn't on 5..How did the old man make the policeman believe (相信) his words? A. He made the policeman touch the light. B. He jumped and shouted angrily. C. He made the policeman angry. D. He burnt the policeman's hands. 【答案与解析】一个老头夜里驾车回家，就要到家时车灯突然熄灭了。警察发现未亮， 就说他一路上无灯驾驶，并要记下他的名字。无论老头怎么样解释，警察就是不相信。最后 机智的老头迅速地把警察的手按到仍然烫热的车灯上…… 1.C。本题属表层理解题。由短文首句中的“with his horse and cart”不难找到答案。 2.B。答案就在短文开头的“An old man was going home late one night with his horse and cart after a day's hard work.”一句中。 3.A。短文第二段首句即是答案的出处。 4.C。该小题的答案可从第三自然段警察的话语中找到，第二段的最后两句也对此题有 所暗示。 5.D。本小题有一定的难度，但根据“The carter quickly took the policeman's hand and put it down on the top of the light.”一句可以把迷惑性较大的选项 A 予以排除，故答案非 D 莫属。 39 Ellen Parker was worried about her health. She could not walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stars. She was soon out of breath (气喘吁吁). “I suppose I had better go to the doctor,” she thought. She went to the doctor and told him her problem. “I’m not surprised at all,” he said. “It’s obvious what your problem is.” He looked her over then gave her some advice. “If you don’t do what I say, Mrs. Parker,” he said, “you will have a heart attack. It could kill you.” Ellen Parker was very worried as she left the doctor’s. She knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and it would take time. The next day she went shopping. The first shop she went into was a butcher’s shop (肉铺). “I’d like ten pounds of steak (牛排), please,” she said. “Certainly, madam,” the butcher replied and went into the cold room and found a large piece of steak. He brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and put it on the scale (天平). “That’s just under ten pounds,” he said. “That big enough,” Mrs. Parker said. The butcher worked out the price. “At $4.99 a pound that will be $49.50, please. Would you like me to cut it up into smaller pieces for you?” “Oh, I don’t want to buy the meat,” Mrs. Parker said. “If you don’t want to buy it,” the butcher replied angrily, “why did you ask me to get it for you?” “My doctor told me that I am over-weight and I have to lose ten pounds. I wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.” 1. Why did Ellen Parker visit the doctor? A. She had had a heart attack.B. She had a problem with her health. C. She was unhappy about her weight.D. She could not sleep well. 2. What did the doctor advise her to do? A. To lose weight. B. To eat more meat. C. To come and see him again. D. To look after her heart. 3. Why did Ellen Parker ask for ten pounds of steak? A. She wanted to buy some for dinner.B. She wanted to lose weight. C. Her doctor had told her to eat steak. D. She wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like. 4. What was Ellen Parker's real problem? A. She ate too much steak.B. She weighed too much. C. The doctor did not know.D. She could not walk very quickly. 5. What did the doctor think might happen to Ellen? A. She might put on more weight.B. She might stop eating too much. C. She might have a heart attack.D. She might go to another doctor. 【答案与解析】这篇幽默故事的大意是：Ellen Parker 由于身体虚弱去看医生，医生 建议她减肥。Ellen Parker 听从了医生的建议，却进了一家卖肉的商店并向店主要了 10 磅重 的一块牛排。当店主要她付钱时，她却说自己并不想卖肉，只是想看看 10 磅肉到底有多大 一块。至此，我们知道 Ellen Parker 到肉店去的目的并非买肉，而是想要弄明白自己如果减 掉 10 磅肉的话，到底需要减下多大一块。 1. B。这是一道信息归纳题。根据文章首段的“Ellen Parker was worried about her health. She could not walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs. She was soon out of breath.”不难看出 Ellen Parker“爬楼困难、气喘吁吁”。由此，我们得出“Ellen Parker 的健 康有问题”这一结论。 2. A。这是一道逻辑推理题，需要把上下文所涉及到的信息连贯起来综合考虑。Ellen Parker 去看医生时，医生给她提了一些建议。医生的建议是什么样的呢？文章并没有指明， 而是让考生自己去体会。只是在短文的最后一段中有这样一句话“My doctor told me that I am overweight and have to lose ten pounds. I wanted to see what ten pounds of flesh looked like.”从 Ellen Parker 说的这几句话中，我们才知道她体重超常，医生建议让她减肥，故答案为 A。 3. D。这是一道细节理解题。答案源自短文最后一段的“I wanted to see what ten pounds of flesh looked like.”一句中。Ellen Parker 到肉店去并非是为了买肉，而是要看看 10 磅肉究竟 有多大一块。 4. B。这也是一道逻辑推理题。文章第一段提到 Ellen Parker 的身体很虚弱，最后点明医 生让她减肥 10 磅。据此，我们可以推断出她所有的健康问题皆由身体肥胖所致。 5. C。这是一道细节理解题。医生给 Ellen Parker 提出建议后，紧接着警告说：“If you don't do what I say，you will have a heart attack.It could kill you.”。所以，假如 Ellen Parker 不听医 生的劝告，就有患心脏病的危险。 40 (In court (法庭), the judge asks the boy named Henry some questions.) Judge: Can you tell us how the accident happened? Henry: Yes, sir. The farmer drove very fast when I met with him. His car knocked me down and hurt my arm. Judge: (To the farmer) Was that right? Farmer: No, sir. But it rained heavily and I couldn’t drive fast. Judge: So you don’t think you knocked him down? Farmer: Yes, I did. But I didn’t see him mending his bike in the middle of the road. Judge: Well. Did you send him to a hospital? Farmer: Yes. But the doctor said there was nothing serious to him. Judge: (To Henry) Do you agree with him? Henry: Yes, sir. But my left arm often hurts and I can't lift it at all. Judge: Could you show us how you can lift it now? Henry: Sure. (Slowly the boy lifts his arm below his nose.) Judge: Poor boy! And how high could you lift it before the accident? Henry: Oh, I could lift it very high like this. (Holding his left arm up over his head) Judge: But I don't think there's something wrong with your arm. Henry: I...I...So it is. But my lawyer (律师) tells me to do so. 根据上面的对话，在短文的空白处填写一个适当的词，使短文内容与对话意思相符。 It happened on a (1)_________ day. A boy named Henry was (2)_________ his bike on the road while a farmer's (3)______ knocked him down. The farmer sent him to a hospital and the doctor said nothing (4)________ happened to the boy. But his parents hoped the boy could be paid more (5)_________ for it. They asked for a lawyer's (6)_______ .The lawyer taught the boy (7)______ to say in court. Henry told the judge his arm hurt and that he couldn't (8)________ it up. The judge asked him to show it to him. He could lift it below his nose. The judge asked him how (9)_______ he could lift it before the accident. The boy (10)___________ what the lawyer said and lifted it over his head! 【答案与解析】这是法庭法官与农夫、亨利的一组对话。原告亨利状告农夫撞伤了他 的胳膊，想让农夫多赔偿他一些钱。尽管大夫说他的胳膊没有什么大毛病，但亨利坚持说胳 膊疼得抬不起来了。聪明的法官让亨利将胳膊举给他看一看，亨利便把胳膊举到鼻子下面的 位置。法官接着问他出事前能将胳膊举多高。于是亨利将手臂高高地举过了头顶。 1. rainy。从农夫的话语中可以看出，事故发生在一个下雨天。应当填写 rainy。 2. mending。由农夫所说的“But I didn't see him mending his bike in the middle of the road.” 这句话可知 Henry 正在修理自行车。 3. car。根据 “His car knocked me down and hurt my arm.”这句话可以证实，农夫的汽车 把 Henry 撞倒了。 4. serious。由“But the doctor said there was nothing serious to him.”这句话来看，此处应 当填写 serious 才符合题意。 5. money。Henry 的父母让他假装胳膊举不起来，自然是想让农夫多赔偿一些钱。 6. help。Henry 的父母想不出好主意，自然要向律师求助。所以答案为 help。 7. what。律师想让他的当事人胜诉，当然要教给 Henry 在法庭上怎么说。 8. lift。从“Slowly the boy lifts his arm below his nose.”这句话可以看出，Henry 说他的 胳膊只能举到鼻子下面。 9. high。从下文 Henry 把手臂举过头顶这件事来看，法官在问他能把手臂举多高。 10. forget。Henry 不知道这是法官的圈套，忘记律师告诉他说的话，把手臂举过了头。 所以，这里应填 forget。 41 Researchers (研究者) have announced (宣布) the result of two studies on the health effects of the drug aspirin (阿斯匹林). One study shows aspirin can sharply reduce the chance that a healthy, older man will suffer from a heart attack (心脏病). The study offered two new results from earlier findings. It said taking one aspirin pill every other day helped only healthy men over the age of fifty. It also said aspirin gave the greatest protection against heart attacks to men with low blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels. Earlier in the United States began a major aspirin study in the early 1980s. It included 22,000 healthy men doctors. All were between the ages of forty and eighty-four. More than 11,000 of the doctors took a harmless pill that contained no drug. The men did not know which kind of pill they were taking. The doctors who took aspirin suffered 44% fewer heart attacks than those taking the harmless pill. 139 men who took aspirin suffered from heart attacks. Ten of them died. 239 men who did not take aspirin suffered from heart attacks. Twenty-six of them died. The researchers said the doctors’ study provides clear proof that taking aspirin can prevent a first heart attack in healthy, older men. They said, however, the result does not mean every man over the age of fifty should take aspirin. They said aspirin couldn’t help men who do not eat healthy foods, who smoke cigarettes and who are fat. The researchers said men who think they would be helped by taking aspirin should talk with their doctors first. 1.The passage tells us that the new use of aspirin is ______. A.to treat heart disease B. to reduce pain while one suffers from a heart attack C. to help old people to be more healthy D. to reduce the chance of a heart attack in old men 2.Aspirin can help those who ______. A work as doctors B. are under 40 years old C. are fat and smoke cigarettes D. are older and healthy 3.At last the researchers advised us to take aspirin ______. A.with care B. as much as we like C. every day D. only considering the age 4.From the experiment we can conclude that about _____ of people who suffered from heart attacks without aspirin died. A. 7% B. 11% C. 19% D. 44% 【答案与解析】本文介绍了科学家对阿斯匹林的研究成果。实验表明，阿斯匹林可以 预防或削弱老年人患心脏病的危险，但实际的效果和服用者的饮食有一定的关系。研究人员 说，服用可药品要遵医嘱。 1. D。短文首段的末句“…sharply reduce the chance that a healthy, older man will suffer from a heart attack.”即是本题答案的出处. 2.D。注意“…reduce the chance that a healthy, older man will suffer from a heart attack .” 本句中的 healthy, older 这两个词，即可得出答案。 3.A。文章最后一段是说，尽管的这种新用途对病人很有帮助，但患者在使用时必须格 外小心，一定要严遵医嘱。 4. B。根据“239 men who did not take aspirin suffered from heart attacks. Twenty-six of them died.”一句中的 239 和 26 这两个数字即可算出。 42 It seems to be strange to you there is a blind spot (盲点)on the eyes. Here is an interesting experiment (实验) that can make something disappear, when one eye is open. Make a card about the size of a postcard and write two English letters L and R on it, L on the left and R on the right. First, hold the card about 80 cm away and you see both the letters. Then close your right eye and look at the letter R only with your left eye. And now, as you move the card slowly towards you, you’ll find the letter L disappearing. But if you move the card nearer to your face, the letter will be seen again. Now do the same experiment with your left eye closed, you’ll find the letter R disappearing. Why does the letter disappear? It is because there is a blind spot on the eye. When the image (影像) of the letter falls on the blind spot, it won’t be seen. That is why either of the letters disappears. 1.The writer of the passage thinks that _____ there is a blind spot on the eye. A. few people know B. no one knows C. most people know D. all the people know 2. The word “disappear” in the passage means ________ in Chinese. A. 驱散 B. 消散 C. 消失 D. 遗失 3. You fail to see the letter L in the experiment because ___________. A. your eyes are poor B. its image falls on the blind spot D. your left eye is not open C. you move it close to your eye 4. In which order (顺序) should you do the experiment? ①Hold the card ②Move the card nearer ③Close your right eye ④Write two English letters ⑤Look at the letter R ⑥Make a card A. ④⑥①②③⑤ B. ①③⑥④⑤② C. ⑥①④③②⑤ D. ⑥④①③⑤② 5. The passage mainly (主要) tells us _______. A. how to find the blind spot B. an interesting experiment C. where the blind spot is D. there is blind spot on the eye 【答案与解析】这篇科普说明文通过一个简易的小实验，证实了人的眼睛里有一个盲 点。当外界物体的影像落在盲点上时，人就看不见该物体了。 1.A。仔细品读文章首句的意思，可知答案只能是 A。 2.C。“…But if you move the card nearer to your face, the letter will be seen again”，由这几 个句子的意思可知字母 L 在眼睛中消失了。注意消失和消散的区别。 3.B。答案在“When the image of the letter falls on the blind spot, it won’t be seen.”中。 4.D。根据第二段的意思可知，此实验的顺序是：先制作一张卡片—在上面写上两个字 母—拿起卡片—闭上右眼—看到字母 R—让卡片离眼睛再近些。故答案是 D。 5.D。通篇考虑短文，可知 D 为最佳答案。这由文首一句及“…It is because there is a blind spot on the eye.”也可得出。 43 Different weather makes people feel different. It influences (影响) health, intelligence (智力) and feelings. In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and every cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1983 report by scientists, IQ (智商) of a group students were very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% below. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand (另一方面), can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August). Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18C, people become stronger. Low air pressure (气压) may make people forgetful. People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. There are a “good weather” for word and health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18 centigrade (摄氏度). Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1.____ can have a bad effect (作用) on health. A. Hot and wet weather B. Good weather C. Warm weather D. High intelligence 2.People may have more intelligence when _____ comes. A. a rain B. very hot weather C. a strong wind D. low air pressure 3.Low air pressure may make people _______. A. forgetful B. sad C. angry D. tired 4.In “good weather” of 18 centigrade, _______. A. people are very forgetful B. people can’t do their work well C. thin people feel cold D. people are in better health 5.The writer wants to tell us that _______. A.hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way B.weather influences people’s lives C.IQ never changes during weather changes D.There is a good kind of weather for people’s work and health 【答案与解析】这篇短文告诉我们的是：天气的冷热干湿对人体健康有很大的影响。 比如心脏病高发区所在地往往是严寒或酷热。大风或炎热天气里，人的智商会降低。瘦人怕 冷天，而炎炎夏日对胖人又不利。此外，低气压还能导致健忘。 1.A。根据文章第二自然段的描述可知，冷湿天气对人的健康是有害的。 2.C。第三段的首句“The weather can also influence intelligence”说的就是这个意思。 3.A。本题属表层理解题。答案就在“Low air pressure may make people forgetful.”中。 4.D。由“People feel best at a temperature of about 18 centigrade.”一句可知。 5.B。根据文章最后的“Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem.”这一句，我们可以推测出作者的写作意图。 44 Now satellites are helping to forecast(预报)the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere (大气), because this is where the weather forms (形成). They send these pictures to the weather stations. So meteorologists (气 象学家) can see the weather of any part of the world. From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change. Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures.When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, the meteorologists can say this. So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24or 48 hours. Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead (提前). 1.Satellites travel __________. A. in space B. above space C. above the ground D. in the atmosphere 2.Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere？Because _______. A. clouds form there B. the weather forms there C. the weather satellites can do it easily D. the pictures can forecast the weather 3.Meteorologists forecast the weather _______. A.without studying satellite pictures B. before they receive satellite pictures C. when they have received satellite pictures D. after they have compared the new satellite pictures with the earlier ones 4.Maybe we'll soon be able to forecast the weather for _________. A. one day B. two days C. five days D. seven days or even longer 5.The main idea of this passage is that satellites are now used in __________. A. taking pictures of the earth B. receiving pictures of the atmosphere C. weather forecasting D. doing other work in many ways 【答案与解析】这篇阅读材料向我们介绍了气象卫星在预报天气中所发挥的重要作用。 如今，许多国家的气象站都是在接收到卫星云图后，由气象学家进行研究分析，然后预报天 气的。在卫星的帮助下，人们可以预测未来三五天或更长时间内的天气状况。 1.A。本题属表层理解题。短文首句即是答案之所在。 2.D。“ From the pictures，the scientists can often say how the weather will change.”是该小 题答案的出处。 3.D。答案就在“the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too.”中。 4.D。文章结尾的“Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead.”这句即是答案之所在。 5.C。短文首句即点明了主旨。 45 Paragraph 1 Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day, they are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds; (2) citrus (柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; 94) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal (谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter. Paragraph 2 People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, canned (罐装的) or frozen (冷冻的). It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day. Paragraph 3 There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on the earth. The first is to find some way to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy. 1.According to(依据)the scientists，which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch？ A. Chicken, apples, cereal and cabbages. B. Potatoes, carrots, rice and bread. C. Oranges, bananas, fish and tomatoes. D. Beef, pork, fish and milk, 2.It is important for people to eat ______. A.three times a day B. dinner at twelve o'clock C. cooked food all the time D. something from each of the seven kinds of food every day 3.People in different countries and different places of the world ____ . A. have the right kinds of food to eat B. cook their food in the same way C. have their meals at the same time D. eat food in different ways 4.Which of the following is not true？ A. People in some places don't have enough to eat. B. There are too many people in the world. C. One of the problems is that no one is hungry. D. The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy. 5.If there is Paragraph (段落) 4, what do you think is going to be talked about？ A. When people eat their lunch.B. What to do with the two problems. C. How to cook food in different ways.D. Why people eat different kinds of food. 【答案与解析】这篇短文分为三个落：第一段列举了科学家研究了人们每天要吃的食 物；第二段讲述了不同国家的人们饮食习惯和饮食结构等各方面有很大差异。但这些对人来 说都没不是很重要的，重要的是每天吃什么。第三段阐述了两个问题：如何解决世界人口的 吃饭问题，既要吃饱，又要吃得健康。 1.A。本题属表层理解题。由第一段科学家建议七大类食品可知答案非 A 莫属。 2.D。由“The important thing is what you eat every day.”及第一段的内容可知 D 是正确答 案。而根据第二段可知 A、B、C 皆为错误的。 3.D。第二段开头的“People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways.”这两句是 解答本题的关键。 4.C。根据第三段所讲的内容，C 项显然是错误的。 5. B。A、C 和 D 都是在上文刚刚谈论过的，又根据第三段“There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on the earth.”所提的两个问题，可以推知下文可能要谈 论 如何解决这两个问题。故答案为 B。