高中英语必修3 - Unit 1单元训练及解析

高中英语必修3 - Unit 1单元训练及解析

必修 3Unit 1 ‎ ‎(时间：40分钟　满分：50分)‎ Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ ‎1．As the storm drew nearer, black clouds were________over the sky.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A．smoothing B．disappearing C．gathering D．picking 答案　C　[考查动词词义的辨析。smooth使平整；使光滑；disappear消失；gather聚集；pick选择；挑选。由语境可知C项正确。句意：随着暴风雨的来临，乌云在天空聚集起来。]‎ ‎2．Although they lost their jobs, saving and unemployment benefits allow the couple to________their comfortable home.‎ A．come up with B．catch up with C．hold on to D．look forward to 答案　C　[考查动词短语的辨析。come up with提出；catch up with跟上；赶上；hold on to 紧紧抓住不放；坚持不卖；look forward to 盼望；渴望。句意：尽管他们失业了，但存款和失业补贴使的那对夫妇可以不卖他们的房子。]‎ ‎3．Kathy________some French while she was away on a business trip in France. ‎ A．picked up B．took up C．made up D．turned up 答案　A　[考查动词短语的辨析。pick up拾起；捡起；无意中学会；take up开始从事；make up 弥补；编造；turn up 出现；调大音量。句意：Kathy在去法国出差时学会了一些法语。]‎ ‎4．It is________that he has been addicted to the drugs and has difficulty quitting it.‎ A．obviously B．apparently C．possibly D．likely 答案　D　[考查句型的搭配。It's likely that 从句“有可能干某事”。句意：很可能他吸毒上瘾了很难戒掉。]‎ ‎5．Sam had to be reminded many times________he could calm down and focus on his work.(2012·淄博一中高三测试)‎ A．after B．until C．when D．before 答案　D　[考查状语从句的连接词。before在……之前；……才……。由句子结构及语境可知D项正确。句意：萨姆不得不被提醒很多次才能静下心来集中工作。]‎ ‎6．Some students find it hard to________the new teacher's dialect.‎ A．take in B．take up C．take over D．take on 7‎ 答案　A　[考查动词短语的辨析。take in 吸收；理解；take up 开始从事；take over 掌管；接管；take on呈现。句意：一些学生发现很难理解新老师的方言。]‎ ‎7．The newlydiscovered star was named________a Chinese astronomer________his contribution to astronomy.(2012·浙江学军中学高三模拟)‎ A．for; in favor of B．after; in honor of C．by; in memory of D．as; in praise of 答案　B　[考查动词短语搭配。be named after 以……命名；in favour of赞同；支持；in honour of 与in memory of 同义，均表示“为了纪念……；为了庆祝……”；in praise of 表扬；颂扬。句意：那颗新发现的恒星以一位中国天文学家的名字命名来纪念他对天文学作出的贡献。]‎ ‎8．________in a specially designed skirt, the girl tried to make herself________at the party.‎ A．Dressed; noticed B．Dressing; noticed ‎ C．Dressed; noticing D．Dressing; being noticing 答案　A　[第一空为动词的非谓语形式作状语，be dressed in 穿着，表示状态；make oneself ＋过去分词，表示使某人自己被……。句意：穿着一件专门设计的裙子，那个女孩试图引起别人对她的注意。]‎ ‎9．The school has very strict rules about cheating in exams, so no one can________it.(2012·郑州市高三质量预测)‎ A．play a trick on B．account for C．get away with D．look forward to 答案　C　[考查动词短语辨析。play a trick on搞恶作剧；开某人的玩笑；account for解释……原因；get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚；look forward to 盼望；渴望。句意：学校关于考试作弊有严格的规定，因此没有人能不受惩罚。]‎ ‎10．The boy________the first prize, but he was so careless as to make a foolish mistake.(2012·福建莆田市高三模拟)‎ A．must have gained B．need have gained C．could have gained D．shall have gained 答案　C　[Could have done 本来能做某事而没有做，符合语境及句意。must have done 一定做过某事，表示对过去情况的肯定推测。句意：那个男孩本来能获得一等奖的，但他那么粗心以至于犯了愚蠢的错误。]‎ ‎11．I'm sorry ，but I didn't mean to have kept you waiting so long.would you like to________me?‎ A．forgive B．satisfy C．apologize D．gain 答案　A　[考查动词词义辨析。forgive 原谅；satisfy使满意；使满足；apologize道歉；gain获得。句意：对不起，我不是故意让你等那么长时间的。你能原谅我吗？]‎ 7‎ ‎12．—Do you think it's a good idea to make friends with different people?‎ ‎—________，I do.I think it's a great idea.‎ A．Real B．Obviously C．Actual D．General 答案　B　[考查词义辨析。A、C、D均为形容词，不符合语境；obviously明显地，副词放在句首修饰整个句子。句意：——你认为与不同的人交朋友是好主意吗？——很明显我这么认为。我认为这是一个好主意。]‎ ‎13．The child was told to________ for being rude to his uncle.‎ A．excuse B．apologize C．pardon D．forgive 答案　B　[考查动词词义辨析。excuse 原谅；apologize 道歉；pardon再说一遍；forgive原谅。由语境可知B项正确。句意：那个男孩被要求由于粗鲁无理而向他叔叔道歉。]‎ ‎14．Great changes________ in the city, and a lot of factories________.‎ A．have been taken place; have been set up B．have taken place; have been set up ‎ C．have taken place; have set up D．were taken place; were set up 答案　B　[考查时态及语态。take place 发生，无被动形式；factories 与set up 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动形式。]‎ ‎15．You________read a book in the sun—it'll do harm to your eyes.(2012·山东诸城市高三月考)‎ A．couldn't B．wouldn't C needn't D．mustn't 答案　D　[考查情态动词的用法。mustn't一定不要，表示禁止。句意：你一定不要在阳光下读书——那会对你的眼睛有害的。]‎ Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of one's intelligence.But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people.‎ The socalled “nonintelligence factors(非智力因素)”include __16__ feelings，wills，motivation，interests and habits.American psychologists __17__ that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence __18__，but nonintelligence factors.‎ ‎__19__ people all know that one should have definite objectives，a strong will and good learning habits，many teachers and parents don't pay much attention to __20__ these factors.‎ Some parents are greatly worried __21__ their children fail to do well in their studies.They blame either genetic factors，malnutrition(营养不良)or laziness，but they never take these nonintelligence factors __22__ consideration.Some teachers don't inquire into these reasons __23__ students do poorly.They simply give them more courses and exercises，or __24__ criticize 7‎ ‎ or laugh at them.Some of them just feel defeated and __25__ themselves up to hopelessness.__26__may go astray(误入歧途)because they are sick of learning.An investigation of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46.5 percent of them were __27__ of learning，because of examinations,36.4 percent lacked persistence，initiative(主动性)and consciousness and 10.3 percent were sick of learning.‎ It is clear __28__ the lack of cultivation(培养)of nonintelligence factors has been a main __29__ to intelligence development in teenagers.It even causes an imbalance between physiological and __30__ development among a few students.‎ If we don't start now to __31__ the cultivation of nonintelligence factors，it will not only affect the development of the __32__ of teenagers，but also affect the quality of a whole generation.Some experts have put forward __33__ about how to cultivate students' nonintelligence factors.‎ Parents and teachers should __34__ understand teenage psychology.On this basis，they can help them to pursue(执行)their objectives of learning，__35__ their interests and toughening their willpower.‎ ‎【解题导语】 本文讲述了什么是非智力因素以及其影响和作用。人们应该更多地关注一个人的非智力因素，这样才能调动其学习的积极性，使之走向成功。‎ ‎16．A.one's B．their C．his D．her 答案　A　[考查代词的用法。此处表泛指，应用one's。人的非智力因素包括其情感、意志、动机、兴趣和习惯。]‎ ‎17．A.came out B．found out C．made out D．worked out 答案　B　[考查动词短语的辨析。come out意为“出版；出现”；make out意为“辨认清楚”；work out意为“计算出；解决”；find out意为“查明，弄清(情况)”。心理学家进行研究就是为了找出导致智力悬殊的原因。由语境可知，B项正确。]‎ ‎18．A.this B．themselves C．itself D．that 答案　C　[考查上下文语境。根据后面的“but nonintelligence factors”可知，此处所表达的意思为“使人智力不同的主要原因不是智力本身，而是非智力因素。”故选C。]‎ ‎19．A.Though B．So C．But D．If 答案　A　[考查上下文的逻辑关系。联系上下文可知，很多父母和教师不注重培养孩子的非智力因素，尽管他们都知道人应该具备这些非智力因素。]‎ ‎20．A.believing B．studying 7‎ C．cultivating D．developing 答案　C　[考查上下文同义复现。根据第28空后面的“the lack of cultivation(培养)of nonintelligence factors”可知答案。]‎ ‎21．A.which B．when C．how D．whether 答案　B　[考查语境与常识。孩子成绩不好的时候，父母必然会担心。]‎ ‎22．A.for B．in C．into D．over 答案　C　[考查语境与固定搭配。take sth into consideration意为“考虑到，顾及”。]‎ ‎23．A.why B．that C．when D．how 答案　A　[考查定语从句。先行词为reasons，引导词why在从句中作状语。]‎ ‎24．A.ever B．even C．still D．more 答案　B　[考查上下文逻辑关系。根据句意可知，or前后两部分为递进关系。故此处应用even表示程度。]‎ ‎25．A.put B．get C．handle D．give 答案　D　[考查语境。结合上文的“feel defeated”及后面的“hopelessness”可知此处选D。give oneself up to sth意为“沉溺于”。]‎ ‎26．A.Other B．Others C．Another D．Any 答案　B　[考查上下文的逻辑与搭配。根据上文中的“some of them...”可知此处应该用others。other不能单独作主语，another意为“另一”，any意为“任一”。]‎ ‎27．A.afraid B．ahead C．aware D．ashamed 答案　A　[考查语境与常识。根据常识可知，学生害怕考试，因而导致学生害怕学习。be ahead of意为“领先”；be aware of意为“知道，意识到”；be ashamed of意为“对……感到羞愧”。]‎ ‎28．A.that B．how C．why D．which 答案　A　[考查语法知识。it是形式主语，后面的从句是真正的主语。因为从句中不缺成分，也没有疑问意义，故用that引导从句。]‎ ‎29．A.difficulty B．question 7‎ C．threat D．obstacle 答案　D　[考查语境理解。文中提到，影响人的智力的主要是非智力因素，而大多数父母和教师又不注重培养孩子的非智力因素。因此，非智力因素培养的缺乏成为孩子智力发展的一个障碍。threat意为“恐吓，威胁”；difficulty意为“困难”； question意为“问题”。]‎ ‎30．A.intelligent B．characteristic C．psychological D．physical 答案　C　[考查上下文语境与词语辨析。psychological意为“心理的，精神上的”；intelligent意为“有才智的，聪明的”；characteristic意为“特有的，独特的”；physical意为“身体的，物质的”。此处表示学生的生理(physiological)与心理(psychological)发展失衡。]‎ ‎31．A.practise B．push C．strengthen D．force 答案　C　[考查上下文理解。上文提到非智力因素培养的缺乏阻碍了青少年智力的发展，因此，我们应当加强对青少年非智力因素的培养。]‎ ‎32．A.intelligence B．diligence C．maturity D．performance 答案　A　[考查上下文的理解。文中主要阐述了非智力因素对智力发展的影响，故选A。]‎ ‎33．A.projects B．warnings C．suggestions D．decisions 答案　C　[考查上下文语境。根据下文的“how to cultivate students' nonintelligence factors”可知此处应是提出建议。]‎ ‎34．A.fully B．greatly C．hardly D．highly 答案　A　[考查副词。fully understand意为“充分理解”，符合语境。]‎ ‎35．A.insuring B．going C．encouraging D．exciting 答案　D　[考查语境与动词辨析。excite意为“激发，引起”；insure意为“投保，承保”；encourage意为“鼓励，激励”；go意为“进行”。根据语境可知此处选D。]‎ Ⅲ.阅读表达(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)‎ Do you like chocolate? Most people do. Some like it in bars. Others just like big squares of it. ‎ Say you just got a box of chocolate. Which piece do you pick first? A study carried out by a professor in the University of Virginia showed that people's choices of chocolates show their personality. If you choose a round piece, you are a person who likes to party. If you select an oval shape, you are a person who strives(努力). You like to make things and push yourself to be successful. Picking a square shape shows that this is an honest and truthful person you can depend on.‎ 7‎ What kind of chocolate do you pick? Maybe you like milk chocolate. This shows you have warm feelings about the past, while dark chocolate means something else － the person who chooses it________. What about white chocolate? Would you like to choose it? If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind.Those who like chocolate with nuts are people who like to help others.‎ Do you believe these ideas? Can chocolate tell all these things? It doesn't matter. There_is_one_sure_thing_about_eaters_of_chocolates_—_they_eat_it_because_they_like_it.‎ ‎36．What is the best title of the text? (Please answer within 8 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案　‎ 答案　Chocolates and personality/Choices of chocolate show your personality ‎37．Which sentence in the text can be replaced by the following one?‎ In that case, it will be difficult for you to make a decision.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案　If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind.‎ ‎38．Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 6 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案　looks forward to the future ‎39．What's the writer's attitude towards the information about chocolate in the text? (Please answer within 15 words.)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案　The writer does not think it matters whether you believe the information or not.‎ ‎40．Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案　对于吃巧克力的人来说，有一点是肯定的，他们吃就是因为喜欢。‎ 写作素材集锦 短语 ‎1．play an important role in在……方面起重要作用 ‎2．pay attention to注意 ‎3．take sth into consideration考虑到 句子 It is clear that the lack of cultivation of nonintelligence factors has been a main obstacle to intelligence development in teenagers.‎ 非常明确的是，缺乏对非智力因素的培养已经成为青少年智力发展的一个主要障碍。 ‎ 7‎