高中英语人教版必修5练习：Unit 1　Section Ⅲ　Grammar

高中英语人教版必修5练习：Unit 1　Section Ⅲ　Grammar

www.ks5u.com Unit 1Great scientists Section Ⅲ　Grammar 课后篇巩固提升 一、单句填空 ‎1.　　　　　　(pollute) air and water can be harmful to people’s health. ‎ 答案:Polluted ‎2.Don’t use words,expressions,or phrases 　　　　　　(know) only to people with specific knowledge. ‎ 答案:known ‎3.The wolf said in a 　　　　　　　(frighten) voice and the old man felt 　　　　　　　(frighten). ‎ 答案:frightening;frightened ‎4.They were very 　　　　　　　(interest) in the novel written by Mo Yan. ‎ 答案:interested ‎5.This is one of the teaching buildings 　　　　　　(build) last year in our school. ‎ 答案:built ‎6.The woman is an 　　　　　　　　(experience) worker because she has been working in this field for 20 years. ‎ 答案:experienced ‎7.She likes to drink cold 　　　　　　(boil) water in summer. ‎ 答案:boiled ‎8.Hearing his poor exam results,his parents were very 　　　　　　　　　(disappoint). ‎ 答案:disappointed 二、用方框中所给动词的适当形式填空 determine　satisfy　break　kill　write　lose　injure　speak　inspire　pollute ‎1.One of the passengers 　　　　　　in the accident,was my friend. ‎ 答案:killed ‎2.When we came in,we saw the glasses were 　　　　　　. ‎ 答案:broken ‎3.What’s the language 　　　　　　in Germany? ‎ 答案:spoken ‎4.He told me that his keys were 　　　　　　. ‎ 答案:lost ‎5.They were 　　　　　　　　　to finish the work as soon as possible. ‎ 答案:determined ‎6.The first textbook 　　　　　　　for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. ‎ 答案:written ‎7.They are 　　　　　　　with the girl soldier,who has finished her work ahead of time. ‎ 答案:satisfied ‎8.They sent the passengers 　　　　　　in the accident to hospital immediately. ‎ 答案:injured ‎9.Don’t drink 　　　　　　water,because it harms your body. ‎ 答案:polluted ‎10.We were 　　　　　　by the inspiring news. ‎ 答案:inspired 三、单句改错 ‎1.The falling leaves of the wood cover the ground in fall.‎ 答案:falling→fallen ‎2.The girl dressing in red is from a big city.‎ 答案:dressing→dressed ‎3.Hearing the encouraged news,we all felt proud of our country.‎ 答案:encouraged→encouraging ‎4.Most of the scientists inviting to the party were Americans.‎ 答案:inviting→invited ‎5.From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affecting person died.‎ 答案:affecting→affected ‎6.I have been to some English-spoken countries.‎ 答案:English-spoken→English-speaking ‎7.The children examining at the hospital yesterday were seriously ill.‎ 答案:examining→examined ‎8.She had little sense of direction,so she often got losing when she was out.‎ 答案:losing→lost ‎9.Don’t you know the girl worn a red skirt?‎ 答案:worn→wearing ‎10.Don’t use words,expressions,or phrases knowing only to people with specific knowledge.‎ 答案:knowing→known 四、完成句子 ‎1.他的小说受很多人欢迎,值得一读。‎ His novels 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　are well worth reading. ‎ 答案:loved by many readers ‎2.你认识坐在石头上的男人吗?‎ Do you know the man 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? ‎ 答案:sitting/seated on the stone ‎3.那个被吓坏的孩子放声大哭。‎ ‎　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　burst into tears. ‎ 答案:That frightened child/kid ‎4.我能够在给定的时间内完成工作。‎ I can finish the work in 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ 答案:the given time ‎5.他正在修理被打破的窗子。‎ He is repairing the 　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ 答案:broken window 五、完形填空 ‎(2019全国高考Ⅰ)‎ Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.They 　1　 with them lots of waste.The 　2　 might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing,changing the 　3　 of Kilimanjaro. ‎ Hearing these stories,I’m 　4　 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences. ‎ However,I soon 　5　 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 　6　 among tons of rubbish.I find a 　7　 mountain,with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are 　8　 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 　9　. ‎ The best of a Kilimanjaro 　10　,in my opinion,isn’t reaching the top.Mountains are 　11　 as spiritual places by many cultures.This 　12　 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 　13　 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters,　14　 lands of low growing plants.Further up,the weather 　15　—low clouds envelope the mountainsides,which are covered with thick grass.I 　16　 twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4,000 meters is the highland 　17　:gravel(砾石),stones and rocks.　18　 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 　19　 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. ‎ Does Kilimanjaro 　20　 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?I found the opposite to be true. ‎ ‎1.A.keep　　　　　　　 　B.mix C.connect D.bring 答案:D 解析由上文“每年大约有四万人试图攀爬乞力马扎罗山”和下文“或许会破坏它的美感”可知,众多的登山者带来了许多垃圾。bring with“带来”。故选D项。‎ ‎2.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters 答案:C 解析由上文可知,每年约四万人攀爬乞力马扎罗山,拥挤的人群(及所带来的垃圾)或许会影响它的美感。crowds“拥挤的人群”。故选C项。‎ ‎3.A.position B.age C.face D.name 答案:C 解析由上文可知,此处表示冰川正在消融,改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face“面貌”;position“位置”;age“年龄”;name“名字”。故选C项。‎ ‎4.A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy 答案:B 解析根据上文讲述的乞力马扎罗山的气候环境变化和下文的“其他旅游景点被描述得更加纯净天然”可知,此处意为听完这些故事,“我”对乞力马扎罗山的自然美景持怀疑态度。skeptical“怀疑的”;silent“沉默的”;serious“严肃的”;crazy“疯狂的”。故选B项。‎ ‎5.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate 答案:A 解析根据句首However表示转折可知,与前面的描述不同,作者不久发现了乞力马扎罗山的美,故选A项。discover“发现”;argue“争论”; decide“决定”;advocate“拥护”。‎ ‎6.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones 答案:C 解析此处指的是自从乞力马扎罗山上营地周围有成吨垃圾被报道后,情况发生了许多变化。下文又接着讲述作者在营地和道路上看到了厕所,由此推知,上文中提到的报道指的是以前的营地是坐落在垃圾堆中的,现在干净了许多。camp“营地”;equipment“装备”;grass“草”;stone“石头”。故选C项。‎ ‎7.A.remote B.quiet C.tall D.clean 答案:D 解析本句提到作者在营地和道路旁边看到了许多厕所,与在报道中出现的垃圾堆中的营地截然不同,干净卫生。故选D项。‎ ‎8.A.new B.special C.significant D.necessary 答案:C 解析前文提到了作者担心乞力马扎罗山面临的严峻的环境问题会毁坏它在人们心目中的美的形象。此处指的是面临的环境考验是显而易见的(significant)。故选C项。‎ ‎9.A.paying off B.spreading out C.blowing up D.fading away 答案:A 解析本句but表示转折关系,虽然环境面临着考验,坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎挺奏效。pay off“成功,奏效,达到目的”;spread out“展开,铺开”;blow up“爆炸”;fade away“逐渐消失”。故选A项。‎ ‎10.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight 答案:B 解析由上文第二段中的“...other destinations are described as ‘purer’ natural experiences.”可知此空填experience。句意:在我看来,攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并不仅仅在于到达顶峰。‎ ‎11.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded 答案:D 解析由下文可知,乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。be regarded as...“被视为……”。故选D项。‎ ‎12.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose 答案:A 解析本句进一步解释上句内容,为什么乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。随着人们在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统,这种“观点”尤其明显。故选A项。‎ ‎13.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials 答案:B 解析此处指攀登者可以在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统。故选B项。climber“攀登者”;scientist“科学家”;local“当地人,本地人”;official“官员”。‎ ‎14.A.holding on to B.going back to C.living up to D.giving way to 答案:D 解析上文讲到山脚处是雨林,它在3 000米的地方突然结束,“让位”给矮生植物。故选D项。give way to“给……让位”;hold on to“坚持”;go back to“返回”;live up to“达到”。‎ ‎15.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits 答案:A 解析由上文可知,有五种生态系统,所以再往上气候又有变化。故选A项。‎ ‎16.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add 答案:C 解析由上文可知,低云压山,茂密的草丛覆盖着山腰,本句则为从作者所站之处望去可以数到12种浓淡深浅的绿色。故选C项。‎ ‎17.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake 答案:B 解析此处指的是4 000米以上为高原沙漠环境。根据下文的砾石、石头和岩石可知为类沙漠环境的描述。desert“沙漠”;village“村庄”;road“道路”; lake“湖泊”。故选B项。‎ ‎18.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally 答案:D 解析由上文可知,作者已经讲了四种生态系统:rainforest,low growing plants,thick grass,highland desert,还有最后的也是最冷的arctic-like zone(类北极地带),故选D项。‎ ‎19.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial 答案:A 解析本句意为“类北极地带上方有永久的积雪和冰川,但它们可能不久后会融化”。permanent“永久的”;little“小的”;fresh“新鲜的”;artificial“人造的”。故选A项。‎ ‎20.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire 答案:B 解析文章最后作者发出感慨:一个人满为患,破坏了原有宁静的乞力马扎罗山还能名副其实吗?“我”发现恰恰相反。故选B项。‎ 六、七选五 China has been the birthplace of many of the world’s greatest inventions.It was,for example,the first country to produce paper money.Before the invention of paper money and coins,people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling.　1　 This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering. ‎ ‎　2　 In 1200 BC,people in China began to use shells (贝壳) as money.Usually the shells used as money were very small.This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances,and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country. ‎ In the years which followed this invention,many other countries around the world began to do the same.　3　 ‎ The next development was in 1000 BC,when China started making bronze and copper shells.It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal.　4　 By 500 BC,metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece,and later in the Roman Empire. ‎ About 1,000 years later,leather was used as money in China,and in 806 AD,the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people.　5　 ‎ A.People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.‎ B.However,as economies developed,such exchanges became impractical.‎ C.It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.‎ D.They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.‎ E.As time went by,trade between countries increased.‎ F.During that time,for example,buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.‎ G.The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.‎ 答案:1~5 FBDGC 七、语篇填空 I’m not sure 1.　　　　　 is more frightened,me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.Unexpectedly,I’m face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at 2.　　　　　 top of her lungs.That makes her baby scream,and then a 400-pound male appears.He screams the 3.　　　　　(loud) of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid 4.　　　　　(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 5.　　　　　(challenge). ‎ My name is Mireya Mayor.I’m a 6.　　　　　(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.I was searching 7.　　　　　 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.No one had seen them for hours,and my colleagues and I were worried. ‎ When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find 8.　　　　　(they) alive.True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature,the huge animal 9.　　　　　(mean) me no real harm.He was just saying:“I’m king of this forest,and here is your reminder!”Once his message was delivered,he allowed me 10.　　　　　(stay) and watch. ‎ 答案:1.who　2.the　3.loudest　4.looking　5.challenged ‎6.scientist　7.for　8.them　9.meant　10.to stay 八、选词创境 运用下列写作词汇,自己创设一个语境,形成一个小语段。(3~5句)‎ draw a conclusion,defeat,challenge,pollute,apart from,be strict with,make sense 答案:‎ Recently our earth is facing many challenges,one of which is that the earth is being polluted.My parents are strict with me and they hope I can do something for our earth.Apart from my parents,my teachers are teaching me how to protect our earth.I have drawn a conclusion from what they tell me that at any time we should not be defeated by any challenge.I think it makes sense to do my best to protect the earth.‎