湖北罗田县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解优编

湖北罗田县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解优编

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 湖北罗田县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解优编 （2016 高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。 体裁：记叙文 话题：最小瑜伽教师 词数：295 时间：5′ Jaysea Devoe is a yoga instructor who has the challenging job of teaching restless preschoolers the ancient practice.Devoe knows a thing or two about childhood and focus，for she is only 12 years old and just recently became a certified yoga instructor after completing 200 hours of teacher training.She is believed to be the youngest certified female yoga instructor in the United States. In addition to her students aged 4 to 6，Devoe teaches teens and adults in her California beach town of Encinitas and is about to start a family yoga class.“I have the dream of being a yoga teacher for a long time because I love teaching so much，” says Devoe. “She only goes to school three days a week and we told her ‘You have to figure out what you want to do and you've got four days to do it，’” says Rick，Devoe's father.“‘And hopefully by the time you graduate from high school，you have a career path chosen.’” When Devoe told her father she wanted to teach yoga，Rick let her enter for a yoga training class.“Devoe was so interested in the training and she never missed a class.She works hard for her dream，”Rick says.“We were really thrilled that she became a certified yoga instructor after her teacher training came__to__fruition．” Devoe now works at a yoga studio.She was trained to teach adults yoga and is ready for moms and dads in her new family class.And she feels completely prepared to deal with the injuries that are often caused in the practice of yoga. As if teaching yoga to preschoolers，teens and adults isn't enough for a 12－year－old girl，Devoe also volunteers every week on a local farm. 【语篇解读】 文章介绍了美国年龄最小的持有资格证的女性瑜伽教师——Jaysea Devoe。 1．What does Jaysea Devoe plan to do in the near future? A．To start a family yoga class. B．To volunteer on a local farm. C．To attend a yoga training class. D．To work at a yoga studio. 答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段“Devoe teaches teens and adults in her California beach town of Encinitas and is about to start a family yoga class.”可 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 知，Devoe 打算开设一个家庭瑜伽班。] 2．It can be known from the passage that ________． A．Rick thought highly of yoga B．Devoe has great passion for yoga C．Devoe is not interested in her study D．Rick is not a responsible father 答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段“‘I have the dream of being a yoga teacher for a long time because I love teaching so much，’ says Devoe.”以及第四 段“Devoe was so interested in the training and she never missed a class.”可知，Devoe 对瑜伽有 很大的热情。] 3．What does the underlined phrase “came to fruition” mean? A．Started. B．Paused. C．Finished. D．Continued. 答案 C [词义猜测题。根据第一段“Devoe...just recently became a certified yoga instructor after completing 200 hours of teacher training.”可知，200 个小时的教师训练结束后，Devoe 成为一名持有资格证的瑜伽教师。由此可猜出画线短语的含义。] 4．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Devoe is a kind－hearted girl. B．The story of Devoe inspires people to help those in trouble. C．Rick supported his daughter's decision to be a yoga teacher. D．Devoe has confidence in handling injuries caused by practicing yoga. 答案 B [推理判断题。根据第四段“When Devoe told her father she wanted to teach yoga，Rick let her enter for a yoga training class.”可推知，Rick 支持女儿成 为一名瑜伽教师的决定。由此可知 C 项正确。根据第五段“And she feels completely prepared to deal with the injuries that are often caused in the practice of yoga.”可知，Devoe 完全准备好处理练习瑜伽 过程中导致的伤痛，即 Devoe 有信心处理练习瑜伽造成的伤痛。由此可知 D 项正确。再根据最后一段“Devoe also volunteers every week on a local farm.”可推知，Devoe 是一个热心的女孩，由此可知 A 项正确。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 高考英语冲刺阅读理解。 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 “Some of the worst human tragedies happening in the world today go on because we don't really see them. We rarely make eye communication with people who are suffering, so we act sometimes as if the people don't exist．” The speaker is Bill Gates，the world's richest man．At a gathering in Seattle，he is talking not as the Microsoft chairman but as a partner in a strong personal duty. For Gates and his wife， Melinda，making less inequality in global health and domestic education has become a life's goal． Having set up their foundation(基金会)with close to $29 billion，the Gates are on track to become history's greatest philanthropists(慈善家). But they do more than just give money out. Experts praise the couple for their wisdom and their ability to gather others:“Even with this great contribution，”says Susan Schwab, president and CEO of the University System of Maryland Foundation,“they know they can't solve these problems alone．” Their devotion came from different sources．For Melinda，it was a vacation to Zaire．Where she was struck by meeting women in being extremely poor．For Bill，it was reading that millions of children die every year from preventable diseases. “Melinda and I had assumed that if there were medicines and treatments that could save lives, government would be doing everything they could to get them to…people，”Bill said at the World Health Assembly in Geneva. “We couldn't escape the cruel conclusion that…some lives are seen as worth saving and others are not．” From shock came action. They focused on the simple message that one life is worth no more or less than another. Frances Hesselbein, chairman of the non-profit Leader to Leader Institute, says：“Sometimes people give in a very fair way, but there is something about what they are doing… that is the opposite of that. It is very difficult to understand and very personal．” Both Gateses read scientific books and travel extensively in developing countries. So far， the Gateses have devoted $9 billion to global health. They share a sense of urgency. “We're not doing enough in developing countries to give out the treatments and practices we know are effective in fighting diseases such as malaria，tuberculosis and HIV，” the couple told U．S．News． 1. Which of the following does Bill Gates think is not correct? A. We act sometimes as if the people suffering don't exist． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 B. They can't solve these problems alone． C. Some lives are worth saving and others are not． D. Government would be doing everything to help people． 答案解析：答案为 C。本题为细节题。本题可用排除法。四个选项之中只有 C 选项“有些生命值得挽救另外 一些生命不值得挽救”是慈善家 Bill Gates 最不会赞同的观点，故答案为 C。 2. What does the underlined word “struck” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. hit B. impressed C. attacked D. hurt 答案解析：答案为 B。本题为词义猜测题。由第四段划线词语的上下文 “For Melinda，it was a vacation to Zaire．Where she was struck by meeting women in being extremely poor．For Bill，it was reading that millions of children die every year from preventable diseases.”可知，Melinda 见到的是极 其贫穷的妇女，Bill 见到的是成千上万的儿童死于疾病，因此“struck”意思最接近 B 选项“impressed”， 意为“给人印象最深刻的”。 3. What do we know about the projects supported by Gates' Foundation? A. They have had great influence on global health． B. They are limited to the areas in Africa． C. They only focus on medical treatment． D. They are carried out without government's support． 答案解析：答案为 A。本题为细节推理题。由第二段最后一句话 “For Gates and his wife，Melinda，making less inequality in global health and domestic education has become a life's goal．” 和最后一 段第二句话 “So far， the Gateses have devoted $9 billion to global health.”可知，Gates 和他 的妻子 Melinda 对全球的健康作出了巨大贡献，可以推断 A 选项符合文意。 由最后一段 “Both Gateses read scientific books and travel extensively in developing countries. … ‘We're not doing enough in developing countries…’ ’’可知，B 选项错误。由第 三段 “But they do more than just give money out. Experts praise the couple for their wisdom and their ability to gather others…”可知，C 选项错误。由第四段 “ ‘Melinda and I had assumed that if there were medicines and treatments that could save lives, government would be doing everything they could to get them to…people，’Bill said at the World Health Assembly in Geneva.”可知， 盖茨的基金会有政府的支持，故 D 选项错误。均不选。 4. The passage is intended to_________． A. praise Bill and Melinda Gates for their kindness B. raise more money for the foundation 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 C. explain to people how the projects work D. convince more people of helping others 答案解析：答案为 D。本题考查文章的写作目的。初读文章似乎是在赞扬 Gates 夫妇的慈善行为，但是如果 把握全文的结构，本文的写作目的并非如此。 文章第一段引用 Bill Gates 讲的话：我们无视受难人的存在。第二段指出这些话是 Bill Gates 在西雅图 会议上不是作为微软公司的总裁而是作为一个具有强烈个人责任感的人所讲的话。第三段写到 Gates 和他 的夫人不仅仅捐钱，专家赞扬他们夫妇运用智慧和能力把众人聚集起来为慈善事业作贡献，并引用专家的 话来证明他们夫妇尽管贡献非常大，但是他们知道单靠他们的力量并不能解决问题。第四段描写 Gates 夫 妇看到的受难人的景象。第五段则是他们的行动，他们向人们传达出一个“每个生命都平等”的简单信息， 并用 Frances Hesselbein 的话来进一步解释这个信息的真正意义。最后一段 Gates 夫妇告诉美国新闻他们 在发展中国家所作的一切还不够，重申了本文的主旨。 总结全文结构：第一、二段是 Gates 夫妇在做号召工作，因为他们知道自己的力量不够；中间段落讲他们 夫妇在哪些方面做了贡献；最后一段对他们的号召工作再次呼应。因此，全文是在用 Gates 夫妇的例子来 号召人们帮助他人。故答案为 D。 高考英语冲刺阅读理解。 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Identifying which jobs put the most stress on American workers is, in itself, a risky business. Everyone knows, for example, that air-traffic controllers have more than their share of white-knuckle day. But stressful jobs are not equally stressful to all people. Some air-traffic controllers thrive on the flying circus. Their secret, says Suzane Oouellette, a psychologist at the City University of New York, is "hardiness", a balance of feeling committed, challenged and in control in the workplace. Then again, some professions are inarguably tough to take. Doctors, lawyers and police officers routinely top suicide lists. And some jobs are plain dangerous: miners have the highest job-fatality rate in the country. Less extreme but much more widespread are the psychological hazards that result from 10 years of corporate downsizing and having to keep up with the speed and volume of computers. Dr. Rupert. Burtan, a specialist in occupational medicine, says," Many workers have too much dumped on their desks and nor enough time in which to get it all done." 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 That complaint is often made by secretaries, who also make most stressed-out lists. Jobs that attract idealistic types can sour（使人不愉快的） when the work seems to make little meaningful difference. Besides police officers and lawyers, inner-city teachers and journalists often fall into this category. Doctors, interns and nurses can, too, when the waves of the sick seem endless. Why the recent wave exhausts basketball coaches? Sports give them tremendous responsibilities but, ultimately, little control. Coaches can only coach; they can't actually run the plays. But if the team loses, they still get fired. Similarly, waiters and waitresses get stiffed on tips if the cook screws up. But experts say the toughest occupation may still be that of working mom. Many women who are bringing home the bacon are still expected to fry and serve it, too. '' There really are relatively few couples where child care and domestic work are truly shared," says Harriet Lerner, a psychologist at the Menninger Clinic. Even unemployed husbands do no more than 36percent of the housework. Now that's a study in high stress and high shame. 1. The example of air-traffic controllers is given in Para. 1 to show that . A. it’s not easy to decide which jobs are stressful B. nobody wants to be an air-traffic controller C. they can easily succeed in their career D. their job is the most dangerous one 答案解析：答案为 A。本题为细节题。文章第一段第一句话 “Identifying which jobs put the most stress on American workers is, in itself, a risky business.”是该段的主题句，因此后面的例子 air-traffic controllers 就是用来证明第一句话，表明“判断哪种工作压力非常大不容易”，故答案为 A。 2. The underlined word “it” in Para. 2 refers to . A. the working time B. the speed of computers C. the amount of work D. the size of computers 答案解析：答案为 C。本题为词义猜测题。结合划线词语的上下文 “ ‘Many workers have too much dumped on their desks and nor enough time in which to get it all done.’ That complaint is often made by secretaries, who also make most stressed-out lists.” 可知，办公桌上堆了太多的东西，也没有 足够时间去做完，这些抱怨通常来自压力最大的秘书，因此可以推断划线部分的“it”指代的是工作量， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 故答案为 C。 3. What makes working mothers have the toughest occupation? A. The housework only. B. The unhappy family life. C. The full-time job. D. Their double roles. 答案解析：答案为 D。本题为细节题。由最后一段倒数第二句话 “Even unemployed husbands do no more than 36percent of the housework.”可知，甚至是不工作的丈夫所做的家务仅仅只有 36%，因此上班的妈 妈工作最艰难是因为她们比丈夫承担了双倍的责任（64%），故答案为 D。 4. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. people often lose interest in their jobs B. people tend to choose wrong professions C. it is easy to find an ideal job in modern times D. the ideal jobs can turn stressful as well 答案解析：答案为 D。本题为推理题。全文围绕工作压力展开论述，因此答案为 D。A、B、C 都不是文章所 讨论的，均不选。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 Britain’s seed bank, the only one in the world aiming to collect all of the planet’s wild plant species, has reached its goal of banking 10 percent by 2010． The Millennium Seed Bank Project, run by Kew Gardens—one of the oldest botanical gardens—will officially deposit the 24,200th species on Thursday, a pink, wild banana from China． More than 50 countries are now on board with Kew’s giant task but vast places of the globe, including India and Brazil, still need to join in and donate seeds, director Paul Smith said． The seed bank is one of the largest and most diverse in the world with more than 1．5 billion seeds．Its goal is to help protect the planet’s bio-diversity during a time of climate change． The wild banana seed is under threat of extinction（灭绝） in southwest China from agricultural development．It is a vital food source for Asian elephants and important for growing bananas for human consumption． Stored at minus-20 degrees centigrade, so they can last for thousands of years, the seeds await the day that scientists hope never comes—when the species no longer exist in the wild． It is a race against time, Smith said, because in the last decade alone, 20 plants held in the 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 bank have already been wiped out in the wild．He estimates that between a third and a quarter will become extinct this century． "It is urgent and it is happening now．An area, the size of England, is cleared of primary vegetation （植被）every year．" Smith said． Because most of the world’s food and medicines come from nature, protecting wild plant species is quite important, scientists say．There are already many other seed banks safeguarding food crops, which only account for 0.6 percent of plant diversity． For Kew’s next goal—to collect a quarter of wild varieties by 2020—the botanists need 10 million pounds a year, or a further 100 million pounds on top of the 40 million they have already been granted． 71．What’s the final purpose of the Britain’s seed bank? A．To collect enough money for the project． B．To safeguard food crops． C．To protect wild plants from extinction． D．To help scientists study wild plants． 72．The wild banana seed in China is in danger because of _______． A．the expanding of farming work B．the climate change in this area C．the large number of Asian elephants D．human’s large consumption 73．We can learn from the passage that _______． A．the seeds in the bank can be used now and then all over the world B．India and Brazil haven’t joined in the Seed Bank Project at present C．there is only one seed bank in the world at present D．the wild plants in places like India and China will never die out 74．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 7 refer to? A．The extinction of plant species． B．Kew Gardens’ next goal． C．Britain’s seed bank． D．The Millennium Seed Bank Project． 75．Which of the following information isn’t mentioned in the passage? A．The global partnership of collecting wild plant species． B．The temperature condition of the conservative wild plant species． C．The government’s financial support for the seed bank project． D．Scientists’ concern on the extinct wild plant species． 参考答案 71—75 CABDC