广东省深圳市实验学校2020届高三适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析

广东省深圳市实验学校2020届高三适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 深圳实验学校高中部 2020 届高三适应性考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写 在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答 题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A study by the Institute for Employment Studies found that learners reported higher life enjoyment and greater confidence. The following apps will help you to learn something new… Quizlet Whether you’re learning gardening knowledge and cooking techniques, or getting to grasp your favourite literature classics, the online learning platform, Quizlet, gives you access to over 300 million different study sets on almost any subject you can imagine — for free. Whether you are learning a skill yourself or helping your grandchild revise their school work, Quizlet is a great study platform for mastering any subject. Babbel As well as being a great skill to show off on holiday, learning a new language can have profound effects on the way you approach problem-solving and might even give you a hand in your career. Not only does speaking a little of the local language give you a great sense of accomplishment, studying a language sparks a strong desire to travel, too. Blinkist - 2 - Blinkist is the perfect app to assist you this summer, providing the key highlights from non-fiction books in both audio and text form. Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management skills, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and summarize them into easy-to-consume 15-minute digests. Remente Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, mindfulness, stress management or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality. It does this through breaking down your overall aim into daily goals, making large tasks, manageable and keeping you on track. 1. Which app favors senior citizens? A. Babbel. B. Quizlet. C. Blinkist. D. Remente. 2. What is special about Blinkist? A. It provides key non-fiction books. B. It improves your micro-learning ability. C. It offers shortened non-fiction books. D. It improves your management skills. 3. If you’re stressed with your new business, you can choose _____? A. Babbel & Quizlet B. Remente & Quizlet C. Blinkist & Babbel D. Blinkist & Remente 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。就业研究所的一项研究发现学生的生活更快乐，更自信。文章介绍了一些 应用程序将帮助你学习一些新东西……。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Quizlet 中 Whether you are learning a skill yourself or helping your grandchild revise their school work, Quizlet is a great study platform for mastering any subject.“无论你是在自学一项技能，还是在帮助你的孙子复习功课，Quizlet 都是一个 学习任何科目的好平台。”由此可知，应用程序 Quizlet 更适合老年人。故选 B。 - 3 - 【2 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 Blinkist 中 micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and summarize them into easy-to-consume 15-minute digests.“微 型学习应用 Blinkist 从非小说文本中提取关键思想，并将其总结成易于阅读的 15 分钟摘 要。”由此可知，Blinkist 的特别之处是它提供简写的非小说类书籍。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 Blinkist 中 Blinkist is the perfect app to assist you this summer, providing the key highlights from non-fiction books in both audio and text form. Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management skills, or achieve a better work/life balance,“Blinkist 是一个完美的应用程序来帮助你这个夏天，提供关 键的亮点，从非小说书籍的音频和文本形式。无论你是想创业，提高管理技能，还是想更好 地平衡工作和生活，”和 Remente 中 Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, mindfulness, stress management or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality.“无论其 目的是改善心理健康、专注力、压力管理还是个人或职业关系，Remente 都会引导用户通过每 一步实现目标。”由此可知，如果你对你的新业务感到压力，你可以选择 Blinkist & Remente。 故选 D。 B They may seem like ordinary people by day but in their spare time, these office, shop and school workers bring history to life. During the week they work in shops, offices, clinics and schools, but at weekends they transform into Vikings, Romans and Medieval peasants. The world of re-enactment (重演) is booming with more and more men and women taking up the hobby of travelling to bygone times. Factory manager of a busy printers, Brett Freeman, 46, from Nottingham, changes into “Padmore,” a Victorian street-seller selling stationery (文具). Already a veteran (老兵) of military re-enactments, Brett joined the “Ragged - 4 - Victorians” when middle-age kicked in. “I was too old to portray a soldier but I wanted to get back into the hobby and the Ragged Victorians looked the best in terms of being genuine.” At his first event, group members gave him “loaner gear” and a year to research his character. His teeth blackened with theatrical stain, in top hat and floppy coat, Brett looks every bit his Victorian image. Seeking inspiration, Brett dipped into the works of Victorian journalist, Henry Mayhew, who wrote about the working people of London. “My character is inspired by the description of a stationer in Mayhew’s London Labour and London Poor. I mixed that up with my own background in print, and local historical sources to create street stationer, Padmore, which is the name of my Victorian great-great grandfather.” “Getting into kit (装备) helps immensely and once you are in the public area you try to remain in character wherever possible.” For extra authenticity, Brett combines his language with Victorian selling patter (顺口溜), replacing the word “envelope” with “hangflups.” “Re-enacting is great fun, but we’re always glad of a hot shower and a comfortable bed at the end of the weekend,” says Brett. “Normal life can seem very dull after a particularly good weekend. It would be wonderful to go back in time for a visit, but studying the period as I have done, makes you realise just how hard life was for our ancestors.” 4. Why does Brett choose to be a Victorian street-seller? A. He has already played a veteran. B. Portraying a soldier no longer fit him. C. He is a manager of a busy printers. D. His blackened teeth make it real. 5. What does the underlined phrase “loaner gear” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Stage costume lent to him. B. Money paid on loan. C. Adequate time. D. An assistant. 6. Which of the following words can best describe Brett? - 5 - A. Brave and careful. B. Kind and positive. C. Humorous and caring. D. Serious and devoted. 7. Where can you probably find the above passage? A. In a research report. B. In a magazine. C. In a travel brochure. D. In an advertisement. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍随着越来越多的男人和女人开始有了去旧时旅行的爱好，重现旧 时的世界正在蓬勃发展。Brett 就是这些人中的一个，文章重点叙述了他的演出经历。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 I was too old to portray a soldier “我太老了，不适合扮演 一个士兵”。由此可知，Brett 之所以选择成为维多利亚时代的街头小贩，是因为扮演士兵不 再适合他了。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中 His teeth blackened with theatrical stain, in top hat and floppy coat, Brett looks every bit his Victorian image. “他的牙齿被夸张的污迹染 黑了，戴着礼帽，穿着宽松的外套，Brett 看起来完全是维多利亚时代的形象。”可知，“在 他的第一次活动中，团队成员给了他“租借装备”和一年的时间来研究他的性格。”由此推 知划线词的意思是“借给他衣服”。故选 A。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段 Seeking inspiration, Brett dipped into the works of Victorian journalist, Henry Mayhew, who wrote about the working people of London. “为了寻 找灵感，布雷特翻阅了维多利亚时代记者亨利·梅休的作品，梅休曾写过有关伦敦劳动人民 的文章。”和第七段中 For extra authenticity, Brett combines his language with Victorian selling patter ( 顺 口 溜 ), replacing the word “envelope” with “hangflups.” 为了更加真实，布雷特将他的语言与维多利亚时代的销售模式结合起来，将 “envelope”替换为“hangflups”。由此可知，Brett 认真投入。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段 They may seem like ordinary people by day but in their spare time, these office, shop and school workers bring history to life. During the week - 6 - they work in shops, offices, clinics and schools, but at weekends they transform into Vikings, Romans and Medieval peasants. The world of re-enactment (重演) is booming with more and more men and women taking up the hobby of travelling to bygone times. “他们可能白天看起来像普通人，但在他们的业余时间，这些办公室、商店和学校的工作人 员将历史带入生活。工作日，他们在商店、办公室、诊所和学校工作，但到了周末，他们就 变成了维京人、罗马人和中世纪的农民。随着越来越多的男人和女人开始有了去旧时旅行的 爱好，重现旧时的世界正在蓬勃发展。”由此可知，文章内容不可能来自“研究报告”、“旅 游指南”和“一则广告”，它最有可能来自“一份杂志”。故选 B。 C Hey, man, Good to hear from you again. Your e-mail came in just as I was chatting with another friend, Jeff. I wish I had better advice. You know, after I left the Shenandoah Valley, my next job was in Rocky Mount. The two other sportswriters on staff, Travis and Jeff, were in their mid-20s too. Honestly, we’d come to Rocky Mount to leave Rocky Mount. We complained about our shop and envied the Charlotte Observer and the Raleigh News & Observer. What resources they had! Writers who covered only one team didn’t have to lay out pages. Talk about living the dream. If we could just get to one of those places! Then we could go somewhere else! Travis, Jeff, and I bonded over our desire to part ways. We ate dinner together and went out to cover our games and came back to help send the final pages to the printer. On the best nights, we’d grab the news editors and play Wiffle ball, laughing and joking until almost sunrise. We all left there within a year, as intended. Jeff became one of the most well-known NASCAR writers in the country, with almost 200,000 Twitter followers. Now he’s got his own media company that’s doing quite well. In 2017, Jeff and I went to a Charlotte Knights game, and Jeff said something about Rocky Mount that I won’t forget. “I didn’t appreciate it then, but honestly, when I look back, it’s probably the best time I’ve ever had in my career.” Maybe success isn’t measured in achievements, or “being happy with who you are”. - 7 - Goals and personal peace are selfish markers, and I don’t mean to imply selfishness is a bad thing, not at all. Selfishness is the axis of humankind, from cavemen to astronauts to saints on earth. Individual accomplishments bring worldwide accomplishments. But all of the accomplishments may not leave you feeling successful, right? The point is, maybe success is a smaller calculation, something more like what Jeff hinted at. Maybe success is having the wherewithal (所需的物资) to be grateful at the precise moment you have something to be grateful for. Thank you for writing, old friend. Mike 8. When Mike went to the Rocky Mount, ________. A. he appreciated life there. B. he lived the dream there. C. he intended to land a better job elsewhere. D. he got a job with all resources he longed for there. 9. What did Mike do in Rocky Mount? A. A printer. B. A reporter. C. A player. D. An editor. 10. Which of the following is true? A. Mike believes selfishness is part of human nature. B. We feel happy when we are calculating small numbers. C. Mike disagrees with Jeff’s comment on their life in Rocky Mount. D. Individual accomplishments are unrelated to worldwide accomplishments. 11. Mike is giving advice on ______. A. what happiness is B. what success is C. how to achieve more D. how to land a better job 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 本文为一篇记叙文。Mike 通过回信，以自身的故事告诉我们成功可能是一次小小的计算，也 可能是在你有值得感激的事情的那一刻，可以去感激。 - 8 - 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二自然段第一句 You know, after I left the Shenandoah Valley, my next job was in Rocky Mount.(你知道当我离开 Shenandoah Valley 之后，我的下一份工作是在 Rocky Mount)可知，Mike 前往 Rocky Mount 的目的是因为在这里找了一份比以前更好的工作。 所以 C 项 he intended to land a better job elsewhere. (他打算在别处找一份更好的工作) 满足题意。故此题选 C。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二自然段 The two other sportswriters on staff, Travis and Jeff, were in their mid-20s too(另外的两名体育记者，特拉维斯和杰夫，也在 20 多岁)和第三自然段 We ate dinner together and went out to cover our games and came back to help send the final pages to the printer.( 我们一起吃晚饭，出去报道我们的比赛，回来帮忙把最 后几页报道送到印刷厂)我们可以推断出 Mike 也是一位体育记者。故此题选 B。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的第二句和第三句 Goals and personal peace are selfish markers, and I don’t mean to imply selfishness is a bad thing, not at all. Selfishness is the axis of humankind, from cavemen to astronauts to saints on earth.(目标和个 人平和是自私的标志，我并不想暗示自私是件坏事，一点也不。自私是人类的轴心，从穴居 人到宇航员再到地球上的圣人都如此)通过这句话我们可以推断出，Mike 认为自私并不可怕， 因为人人都有，是人类的一种本性。故 A 项 Mike believes selfishness is part of human nature.(Mike 认为自私是人性的一部分)满足推断。故此题选 A。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二自然段 The point is, maybe success is a smaller calculation, something more like what Jeff hinted at. Maybe success is having the wherewithal (所需的物资) to be grateful at the precise moment you have something to be grateful for.(关键是，也许成功只是一个较小的计算，更像 Jeff 所暗示的那样。也许 成功就是在你有值得感激的事情的那一刻，可以去感激。)可知，Mike 想要告诉我们成功是什 么。故此题选 B。 D We all experience “oh crap” moments. Running into the person you canceled a date with — while you’re on another date. Realizing you hit “reply all”on an e-mail - 9 - that you’d do anything to have back. Whatever the situation, the first thing you probably do is freak out. Everybody does. While many of us think that we’re cool in a crisis, science tells us that we seldom are. At the moment we need to be keenly aware of our surroundings, our attention can tunnel in on the scariest thing in the scene, leaving us unaware of the other sights, sounds, and even smells around us. Armed robbers go unidentified because witnesses remember little more than the guns. Our ability to remember the things we do notice also becomes compromised; we can be told something, and two seconds later we’ll forget. And we jump to conclusions. When we’re freaked out, we’re anything but at our best. These normal human reactions can be reversed. Once you calm down, you’ll face the most routinely ignored challenge of any crisis situation — identifying what the crisis is really about. We tend to misdiagnose problems because we don’t practice for them. Do the thinking ahead of time so you can just find the solution when it’s showtime. This is why flight attendants suggest you find the closest exit before you depart — so you don’t have to go exit shopping after the plane has caught fire or is sinking into a river. Performing in a crisis is becoming more important for all of us, for two reasons. Back in the good old days, the reliability of most anything we used or did was far less than it is today. Now think about what happens to our preparedness as the possibility of something bad happening shrinks. Unless we practice what hardly ever happens, our ability to respond when it does happen tends to slip away. Reliability can kill you. Also, the systems we use today are more complex. There are seldom moving parts in plain view that allow us to see when things are about to go wrong. When complex systems lack transparency (透明度,显而易见), serious situations can “come out of nowhere.” We should all learn to breathe, recognize the situation, and carry out the plan that we were smart enough to prepare well in advance. 12. What does the underlined phrase “freak out” mean? A. Be at one’s best. B. Calm down gradually. C. Run away immediately. D. Panic or be scared. - 10 - 13. Why do armed robbers go unidentified? A. Because the witnesses jump to conclusions. B. Because the witnesses focus on their scariest thing. C. Because the witnesses forget what they have been told. D. Because the witnesses are keenly aware of the surroundings. 14. Why is it more important for us to perform in a crisis today? A. Because of less reliability and less complexity. B. Because of more reliability and more complexity. C. Because of worse transparency and less preparedness. D. Because of better transparency and more preparedness. 15. What would the passage suggest doing in case a fire breaks out? A. Taking a deep breath and dialing 119. B. Staying cool and ignoring the challenge. C. Calming down and remembering the situation. D. Performing escaping and rescuing beforehand. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. D 【解析】 本文为一篇说明文。主要讲述了我们为什么在危机中很难冷静下来以及遇到危机我们应该做 什么。 【12 题详解】 词义猜测题。通过上文的事例 Running into the person you canceled a date with — while you’re on another date. Realizing you hit “reply all” on an e-mail that you’d do anything to have back.(当你在另外一个聚会时遇到了你之前取消聚会的那个人。意识 到你在一封邮件上点击了“回复全部”，你会不惜一切代价要回来。)可知，这两件事都是我 们人生中不想遇到的事，遇到之后会让我们很担忧和害怕。那么 D 项 Panic or be scared(惊 恐或者害怕)满足词义。故此题选 D。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三自然段 At the moment we need to be keenly aware of our surroundings, our attention can tunnel in on the scariest thing in the scene, leaving us unaware of the other sights, sounds, and even smells around us. Armed robbers go unidentified - 11 - because witnesses remember little more than the guns.(在我们需要敏锐地意识到周围 环境的时候，我们的注意力可以集中在场景中最可怕的东西上，让我们不知道周围的其他景 象、声音甚至气味。持枪抢劫犯身份不明，因为目击者只记得枪)通过这两句话可知，抢劫分 子身份不明的原因是因为最令人害怕的枪让我们忽视了周围的其他事物。所以 B 项 Because the witnesses focus on their scariest thing.(因为目击者的专注力都在最令人害怕的事 物上)满足题意。故此题选 B。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据题干中的 perform in a crisis today 定位到第四自然段第一句，我们可 知原因有两个。根据 Back in the good old days, the reliability of most anything we used or did was far less than it is today.(在过去的美好时光里，我们使用或做过的大多数 事情的可靠性都远远低于今天)和 Also, the systems we use today are more complex.(而 且，我们今天使用的系统更为复杂)我们可以知道危机中表现得越来越重要的原因是可靠性和 复杂性。故此题选 B。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三自然段 Do the thinking ahead of time so you can just find the solution when it’s showtime. This is why flight attendants suggest you find the closest exit before you depart — so you don’t have to go exit shopping after the plane has caught fire or is sinking into a river.(提前思考，这样你就可以在展示时 间找到解决方案。这就是为什么乘务员建议你在起飞前找到最近的出口——这样你就不必在 飞机着火或坠入河里之后寻找出口)以及最后一句话 We should all learn to breathe, recognize the situation, and carry out the plan that we were smart enough to prepare well in advance.(我们都应该学会呼吸，认清形势，并执行我们足够聪明的计划，提前做好 准备)我们可以推断出在遇到紧急情况之前，我们就应该做好思考，以便找出最好的解决方案。 所以遇到火灾时，最好就是提前预想如何逃生和营救。故 D 项 Performing escaping and rescuing beforehand.(预先进行逃生和营救)满足推断。故此题选 D。 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。 Five Health Facts Your Doctor Wants You to Know 1. Cold weather makes you sick. Myth! Germs (病菌) are the only thing that can make you sick. You can go out in - 12 - the freezing cold with wet hair, and if there aren’t any germs around, you'll stay sniffle-free. But there is a correlation:____16____ 2. You shouldn’t ice a burn. Truth! Most skin damage from a burn comes from the inflammatory (发炎) response, and ice can damage cells and make it worse. ____17____ Then wash with mild soap and apply an antibiotic (抗生素) ointment. 3. Antiperspirants (止汗剂) cause cancer. Myth! Antiperspirants temporarily keep sweat from escaping, and some scientists have suggested that letting it build up in the ducts could cause tumors(肿瘤). ____18____ And the largest study to date on the subject has found no link between cancer and antiperspirants. 4.____19____ Truth! A 2017 study found that when bystanders gave CPR to people in cardiac arrest (心脏停搏), survival rates were higher when they employed uninterrupted chest compressions rather than pausing for rescue breaths. 5. Eating too much sugar will give you diabetes. Myth! Sweet foods don’t directly lead to chronically (慢性地) high blood sugar. But they can contribute to obesity, which is a risk factor for diabetes. ____20____ A. Germs are active if you have a cold. B. But research hasn’t confirmed that theory. C. CPR doesn’t require mouth-to-mouth breathing. D. Therefore, it’s inappropriate to deal with the burn with ice. E. Instead, first immerse the burn in cool water for about five minutes. F. So keeping a well-balanced diet and limiting treats is still the right idea. G. The germs that cause the common cold grow energetically in low temperatures. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了医生想让我们知道的五个健康事实。 【16 题详解】 - 13 - 这一段的标题告诉我们“寒冷的天气使你生病。”在这一段中说明唯一能使人生病的是细菌， 如果寒冷的天气里没有细菌就不会生病，但是有一个相关关系：引起普通感冒的细菌在低温 下旺盛生长。G 项“The germs”、“cold”、“low temperatures”与这一段中的词汇相对 应，且填入 G 项后，可以根据使人生病的细菌在低温下旺盛生长，推断出在寒冷的天气会使 人生病。故选 G 项。 【17 题详解】 该段标题建议我们不应该在烧伤处冰敷。文中说明冰会破坏细胞并使情况变得更糟，所以不 应该冰敷。E选项“相反，首先将烧伤处浸泡在冷水中大约 5 分钟。”和这个主题呼应，且句 中“first”与文中“then”构成文章结构的顺序。故选 E 项。 【18 题详解】 该空前面提出一个理论：止汗剂导致癌症。后文提出最大的研究到目前为止没有发现癌症和 止汗剂之间的联系。B选项“但是研究还没有证实这个理论。”能够起到承上启下的作用。故 选 B 项。 【19 题详解】 根据该段内容可知，2017 年的一项研究发现，当旁观者给心脏骤停的人做心肺复苏时，采用 不间断胸外按压的存活率比暂停去救援呼吸的存活率更高。可以推断出这一段的小标题为 CPR 不需要人工呼吸。且 C 选项与文中的“CPR”和“breaths”相对应。故选 C 项。 【20 题详解】 此段中说明甜食会导致肥胖，而肥胖是糖尿病的风险因素。所以可以推断，我们不能吃太多 的导致肥胖的食品，要均衡饮食。所以 F 项“所以保持均衡的饮食和限制零食仍然是正确的 想法。”切题。故选 F 项。 【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词 和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名 词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点和名称等。在本文中，第 1小题中的“The germs”、 “cold”、“low temperatures”，第 2 小题中的“then”，第 4 小题中的“CPR”和 “breaths”，均与上下文有相呼应的词语。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 - 14 - In January 2018, I was commuting (通勤) from Brooklyn to New Jersey. I have two little kids and a busy business, so a quiet train ride felt like a mini ___21___. Yet I found myself spending that ___22___ time scrolling through my social media feeds. One day, I ___23___ my phone and started writing thank-you notes to people who had ___24___ to a fund I had organized. When I got off the train that day, I was in a noticeably better ___25___. The next day, I wrote more thank-yous — and felt the same. When I finished writing the notes, I ___26___ them up. There were 31 — one for every day of the year so far. Something ___27___. What if I kept it up? I decided to write one thank-you note for every day of that year. I had no shortage of people I was ___28___ for. So I picked out a different ___29___ for each month. January was charity — and, thankfully, I had already completed that ___30___. February would be ___31___ to neighbors, and I thought of a dozen names right away. I remembered when the owners of our local bookstore let me and my five-year-old son, Henry, in before the store opened. I ___32___ when our 14-year-old babysitter ___33___ a bag of old board games for our kids to play. Writing the notes wasn’t all that ___34___: Each was two or three sentences long, taking just a few minutes to ___35___. I focused on the person I was writing to and what I wanted to say, and the words came fairly easily. That focus felt ___36___. It was good for my brain, which had been trained to ___37___ from this feed to that e-mail. While writing the notes, I eventually realized why this task was the perfect antidote (解药) to my social ___38___. What was I actually doing when I scrolled through Facebook? More often than not, I was ___39___ other people’s lives — their beach vacations, their organized kitchens. Writing thank-you notes was an act of noticing and ___40___ my own life. 21. A. trip B. adventure C. vacation D. celebration 22. A. lonely B. precious C. boring D. tiring 23. A. picked up B. brought out C. put up D. put down - 15 - 24. A. contributed B. offered C. led D. expanded 25. A. mood B. situation C. position D. harmony 26. A. folded B. arranged C. piled D. counted 27. A. happened B. clicked C. appeared D. presented 28. A. thoughtful B. awful C. grateful D. respectful 29. A. theme B. topic C. object D. range 30. A. cause B. assignment C. goal D. contract 31. A. written B. provided C. celebrated D. devoted 32. A. reminded B. recalled C. recognized D. reflected 33. A. dropped off B. took off C. set off D. put off 34. A. tiring B. boring C. breath-taking D. time-consuming 35. A. form B. compose C. accumulate D. type 36. A. exhausting B. desperate C. refreshing D. independent 37. A. work B. lock C. fasten D. wander 38. A. feeds B. media C. activities D. participations 39. A. observing B. admiring C. following D. sharing 40. A. lengthening B. purifying C. honoring D. varying 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一次坐火车通勤时，选择放下手机，开始给那些给她组织的基金 捐款的人写感谢信。下车之后，她的心情明显好了很多。之后她决定那一年的每天都写一封 感谢信，并且每一个月都有不同的主题。在这个过程中，她学会了关注和欣赏自己的生活。 - 16 - 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有两个小孩，生意又很忙，所以一次安静的火车旅行感觉就像 一个迷你假期。A. trip 旅程；B. adventure 冒险；C. vacation 假期；D. celebration 庆 典。根据前文“I have two little kids and a busy business,”可知作者有两个孩子要养， 生意也很忙，所以一次安静的火车旅行对于作者来说就像一个短暂的假期，让她暂时摆脱繁 忙的生活。故选 C 项。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我发现自己把宝贵的时间花在了刷社交媒体的信息上。A. lonely 孤独的；B. precious 珍贵的；C. boring 无聊的；D. tiring 累人的。根据前文“I have two little kids and a busy business, so a quiet train ride felt like a mini ___1___ .”可知在火车上的这段时间对于生活繁忙的作者来说就像是一个迷你假期，这段时 间对于作者来说自然是珍贵的。故选 B 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：有一天，我放下手机，开始给那些为我组织的基金捐款的人写感 谢信。A. picked up 捡起；B. brought out 出版；生产；C. put up 举起，张贴；D. put down 放下。根据后文“started writing thank-you notes to people ”可知作者开始写感 谢信，这说明她没有玩手机，把手机放下了。故选 D 项。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我放下手机，开始给那些为我组织的基金捐款的人写感 谢信。A. contributed 为……做贡献；捐助；B. offered 提供；C. led 带领；D. expanded 扩展。根据“started writing thank-you notes to people”可知作者给一些人写感谢信， 根据“to a fund I had organized. ”可知作者创办了一个基金，结合上下文推知这些人给 作者的基金捐款了，作者因此给他们写感谢信。故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天下火车时，我的心情明显好了许多。A. mood 心境；情绪； B. situation 情况；C. position 位置；D. harmony 协调；融洽。作者下火车后，心情 好了很多。故选 A 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：写完感谢信之后，我数了数它们的数量。A. folded 折叠；B. arranged 管理；安排；C. piled 堆房；D. counted 计算；数数。根据后文“There were 31” - 17 - 可知作者写了 31 封感谢信，说明作者数了数她写了多少感谢信。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到。如果我继续这样做呢? A. happened 发生；B. clicked 豁然开朗；突然想到；C. appeared 出现；D. presented 呈现。根据后文“What if I kept it up? ”可知作者突然有了一个想法：如果她继续写感谢信会怎么样呢？故选 B 项。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我并不缺少让我感激的人。A. thoughtful 深思的；体贴的； B. awful 可怕的；C. grateful 感激的；D. respectful 有礼貌的；恭敬的。根据前文“I decided to write one thank-you note for every day of that year.”可知作者决定那一 年每天都写一封感谢信，感谢信的对象肯定是作者所感激的人，所以这里要表达的是“我并 不缺少让我感激的人”。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我每个月都会选择不同的主题。A. theme 主题；B. topic 话 题；C. object 目标；物体；D. range 范围。根据后文“January was charity —”可知一 月的主题是慈善，也就是说每个月份作者会定下一个主题。故选 A 项。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一月份的主题是慈善——幸运地，我已经完成了这个目标。A. cause 原因；B. assignment 作业；任务；C. goal 目标；D. contract 合同；契约。根据 “January was charity”可知作者一月份写感谢信的主题是慈善，结合前文“When I finished writing the notes, I ___6___ them up. There were 31 —”可知作者已经写了 31 感谢信给那些为她基金捐款的人，这正好和一月主题-慈善-相符，也就是说作者已经完成 了一月份每天写一封感谢信，主题是慈善的这个目标。故选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：二月是献给邻居的，并且我马上想到了十几个名字。A. written 写； B. provided 提供；C. celebrated 庆祝；D. devoted 奉献，致力于。根据后文“I remembered when the owners of our local bookstore…”可知作者在一段回忆了她和邻居比如当地书 店老板之间的事，这说明二月份是用来写感谢信给邻居的。故选 D 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回想起我们 14 岁的保姆放下了一袋旧棋盘游戏给我们孩子玩的 时候。A. reminded 提醒；B. recalled 回想起；C. recognized 认识；承认；D. reflected - 18 - 反思；反映。根据“I remembered when… ”可知在这一段中，作者回想了她与邻居之间的 故事，所以这里作者回想起（recalled）她家 14 岁的保姆曾经做过的事。故选 B 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：我回想起我们 14 岁的保姆放下了一袋旧棋盘游戏给我们孩子玩的 时候。A. dropped off 丢下；B. took off 起飞；突然成功；C. set off 出发；引起；D. put off 推迟；拖延。根据“a bag of old board games for our kids to play”可知这个 14 岁的小保姆放下一袋子旧棋盘游戏给作者的孩子玩。故选 A 项。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：写感谢信并不那么费时间：每封信都只有两三句话，只需要几 分钟就可以完成。A. tiring 累人的；B. boring 无聊的；C. breath-taking 激动人心的； 令人惊讶的；D. time-consuming 费时的。根据后文“Each was two or three sentences long, taking just a few minutes”可知每封感谢信只有两三句话，花几分钟就可以完成，所以写 感谢信并不是那么费时间。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：写感谢信并不那么费时间：每封信都只有两三句话，只需要几分 钟就可以完成。A. form 形成；组成；B. compose 创作，写（信，诗或演讲稿）；C. accumulate 积累；累计；D. type 打字。根据 Each was two or three sentences long, taking just a few minutes”可知每封感谢信只有两三句话，所以花几分钟就可以写完。故选 B 项。 【36 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种专注让人耳目一新。 A. exhausting 让人精疲力竭的；B. desperate 拼命的；渴望的；C. refreshing 使人耳目一新的；D. independent 独立的。根 据前文“I focused on the person I was writing to and what I wanted to say, and the words came fairly easily”可知作者把注意力集中在她写信的对象和她想说的话上，字句 脱口而出。这种体验对于作者来说是令人耳目一新的。故选 C 项。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对我的大脑是有好处的，（之前）我的大脑已经被训练的能从这 个信息走神到那封邮件。A. work 工作；B. lock 锁上；C. fasten 扎牢；D. wander 走神； 开小差。根据“from this feed to that e-mail”可知作者之前容易思绪飘荡，一会关注社 交媒体上的消息，一会又关注邮件，故选 D 项。 【38 题详解】 - 19 - 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在写感谢信的时候，我终于意识到为什么这个任务是我社交信息 的完美解毒剂。A. feeds（博客，社交网站，新闻网站等）的信息推送；B. media 媒体；C. activities 活动；D. participations 参与。根据前文“myself spending that ___2___ time scrolling through my social media feeds”可知作者把时间浪费在社交媒体信息上，这里 是原词复现，指“社交媒体上的推送信息”，故选 A 项。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我常常欣赏别人的生活——他们的海滩假期，他们整齐有序的厨 房。A. observing 观察；B. admiring 欣赏；C. following 跟随；D. sharing 分享。根据 后文“their beach vacations, their organized kitchens”可知作者在 Facebook 看到别 人的海滩假期和整齐有序的厨房，这种生活很美好，所以作者应该是在欣赏别人的生活。故 选 B 项。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：写感谢信是一种关注和尊重自己生活的行为。 A. lengthening 加 长；B. purifying 净化；C. honoring 给……荣誉；尊重；D. varying 变化。根据前文“More often than not, I was ___19___ other people’s lives”可知作者常常欣赏别人的生 活，结合此句中的“my own life”可知作者这里要表达的是，写感谢信让她把目光放在自己 的生活上，是一种关注和尊重自己生活的行为。故选 C 项。 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese women’s volleyball team has undoubtedly been the national pride ___41___ it first claimed the championship in 1981. It ___42___ (beat) Serbia on September 28, 2019, right before the National Day holiday, defending ___43___ (it) World Cup crown with a record of 11 straight wins. People across the country cheered for them. But few knew how hard the players worked ___44___ (make) it look so easy. Directed by Peter Ho-sun Chan and starring A-list actress Gong Li, the movie Leap (《夺冠》), tells us the story behind the team, ___45___ follows several generations of women’s volleyball players as they attempt to win glory for the country. ___46___ (face) with tough rivals like Brazil and the Netherlands, China’s ladies train hard, living ___47___ “dull” daily life of never-ending blocking and spiking practice. They refuse to quit, however, ___48___ (work) even after the stadium - 20 - lights have gone out and pushing themselves through ___49___ (injury). “Within China’s sporting world, Lang, the legendary player-turned-manager, is the one who can bridge the gap between generations and resonate with audiences’ patriotism. The film can further attract people ____50____ different ages and backgrounds to cinemas” one commentator noted on iFeng.com. 【答案】41. since 42. beat 43. its 44. to make 45. which 46. Faced 47. a 48. working 49. injuries 50. of 【解析】 这是一篇影评。文章介绍由陈可辛导演、一线女星巩俐主演的，讲述了女子排球队背后的故 事的电影《夺冠》。 【41 题详解】 考查连词。句意：中国女排自 1981 年首次夺得冠军以来，无疑一直是国家的骄傲。结合句子 时态和句意，此处前半句是现在完成时态，后半句是一般过去时态，所以这里应该是连词 since“自从……以来”引导的时间状语从句。故填 since。 【42 题详解】 考查一般过去时态。句意：2019 年 9 月 28 日，就在国庆节前夕，中国战胜了塞尔维亚，以 11 连胜的记录卫冕了世界杯冠军。根据 on September 28, 2019 可知句子用一般过去时态。 故填 beat。 【43 题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：2019 年 9 月 28 日，就在国庆节前夕，中国战胜了塞尔维亚， 以 11 连胜的记录卫冕了世界杯冠军。此处 World Cup crown 是一名词，由形容词性物主代词 修饰。故填 its。 【44 题详解】 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：但几乎没有人知道球员们是多么努力地工作，才让比赛 看起来如此轻松。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to make。 - 21 - 【45 题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：由陈可辛导演、一线女星巩俐主演的电影《夺冠》讲述了女 子排球队背后的故事，讲述了几代女子排球运动员为国家争光的故事。此处 the story 是先 行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，且 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故 填 which。 【46 题详解】 考查过去分词作时间状语。句意：面对像巴西和荷兰这样的劲敌，中国女足们刻苦训练，每 天都过着“枯燥”的生活，没完没了地进行盖帽和扣球练习。固定词组：be faced with“面 对着……时”。此处是过去分词作时间状语，故填 Faced。 【47 题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：句意：面对像巴西和荷兰这样的劲敌，中国女足们刻苦训练，每天都 过着“枯燥”的生活，没完没了地进行盖帽和扣球练习。固定搭配：live a …life“过着…… 的生活”。故填 a。 【48 题详解】 考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：然而，他们拒绝辞职，甚至在体育场的灯光熄灭后仍在工 作，并在伤病中挣扎。句子主语 they 和 work 之间是主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语。故 填 working。 【49 题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：然而，他们拒绝辞职，甚至在体育场的灯光熄灭后仍在工作，并在伤 病中挣扎。此处指多种伤病，所以用名词复数。故填 injuries。 【50 题详解】 考查介词。句意：电影可以进一步吸引不同年龄和背景的人到电影院。介词 of 意思是“…… 的”，表示所属关系。结合句意可知此处填 of。故填 of。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 - 22 - 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 With the graduation day approaching, memory are flooding back to me. I remember how unwillingly I was to enter the classroom. “If I have studied harder before, I would have gone to a better senior high school,” I said it to myself. However, I later realized I fell in love with a school. The campus scenery is pleasant. The antique pavilion (亭子), where stands on a small hillside, impresses me most. Surrounded green trees, I can admire the beautiful sunrise and sunset. I often wander around the charming pond and see myself reflecting in its transparent water. Any pains I have are smoothed and float away. The kind teachers and easy-going classmates also warm my heart and cheer me up when I am in low spirits. Every time I recall my unforgettable moments, I smile. We’ve all grew over these three years. 【答案】1. memory →memories。 2. unwillingly →unwilling。 3. have →had。 4. 去掉 it。 5. a →the。 6. where →which。 7. green 前加 by/with。 8. reflecting →reflected。 9. float→floated。 10. grew →grown。 【解析】 【分析】 本文为一篇记叙文。记叙了我来到这所学校，对这所学校的回忆。 【详解】1.考查名词。句意：随着毕业日的临近，记忆如潮水般涌上心头。分析句子可知， 此处谓语为 are，主语用复数形式，memory 的复数形式为 memories。故 memory 改为 memories。 2.考查形容词。句意：我记得我是多么不情愿地走进教室。分析句子可知，此处为感叹句， - 23 - 谓语为 was，应用 unwillingly的形容词形式。故 unwillingly 改为 unwilling。 3.考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我以前更努力学习，我就会去更好的高中。分析句子可知，本 句为虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他。故 have 改为 had。 4.考查固定搭配。句意：我对自己说。say to myself 为固定搭配，意为“对自己说”。故去 掉 it。 5.考查定冠词。句意：然而，我后来发现我爱上了这所学校。分析句子可知，此处特指我上 的这所学校，特指用定冠词 the。故 a改为 the。 6.考查定语从句。句意：在一个小山坡上古色古香的亭子，给我的印象最深。分析句子可知， 本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 pavilion，为物，在定语从句中 which 作主语,引导定语 从句，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故 where 改为 which。 7.考查介词。句意：四周绿树环绕，我可以欣赏美丽的日出和日落。surrounded by/with 为 固定搭配，意为“环绕着……”。故 green 前加 by/with。 8.考查过去分词。句意：我经常在这迷人的池塘里漫步，看见自己倒映在清澈的水中。分析 句子可知，“我”与“倒映”为逻辑上的被动关系，过去分词reflected表被动。故reflecting 改为 reflected。 9.考查被动语态。句意：我所有的疼痛都消失了。分析句子可知，“疼痛”与“消失”为逻 辑上的被动关系，结合前文 be 动词可知，此处为被动语态。故 float 改为 floated。 10.考查过去分词。句意：这三年我们都在成长。分析句子可知，此句时态为现在完成时，动 词用过去分词形式，grow 的过去分词形式为 grown。故 grew 改为 grown。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 正在北京参与交换项目的学习，期间他想参加中国传 统文化方面的课程，来信希望你能推荐一个课程。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的推荐； 2. 课程内容； 3. 推荐理由。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ________________________________________________________________________________ - 24 - ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m delighted to know that you want to take a course on Chinese traditional culture during your exchange programme in Beijing. I’d recommend the course on Beijing Opera. The two-week course, which starts next month, has two sections. A lecture on the history of Beijing Opera will provide a brief introduction to its development, during which you will understand more about Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo and Chou. What takes the course to a new height is the trip Stepping into Mei Lanfang Theatre. You will get a real taste of the performance techniques and have a chance to communicate with opera performers face to face. I hope my recommendation will be of some help to you. Please let me know if you have any further questions. Yours , Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。 【详解】第 1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 正在北京参与交换项目的学习，期间他想参加中国传统文化方面的课程，来信希望你能推荐 一个课程。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1. 你的推荐； 2. 课程内容； 3. 推荐理由。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：want to take a course on Chinese traditional culture（我想学习有关中国传统文化的课程）；exchange programme（交换项目）；The two-week - 25 - course,（两周的课程）；等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句 式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。I’m delighted to know that you want to take a course on Chinese traditional culture during your exchange programme in Beijing.宾语从句用在句中；The two-week course, which starts next month, has two sections.句中 which 引导非限制性定语从句；What takes the course to a new height is the trip Stepping into Mei Lanfang Theatre.句中 what 引导主语从句。 - 26 -