辽宁朝阳市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮训练

辽宁朝阳市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮训练

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 辽宁朝阳市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮训练 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 【2014·江西六校高三联考】 Most people will answer a ringing phone.Usually you don’t know who is phoning or how urgent their business is，so a ringing phone is difficult to ignore.In one experiment，a researcher wrote down the numbers of several public phones in stations and airports.Then he called the numbers.Someone nearly always answered.When he asked why，people usually said，“Because it rang.” A few years ago in New Jersey，a man with a rifle killed 13 people.Armed police surrounded his house but he refused to come out.A reporter found out the phone number of the house and called.The man put down his rifle and answered the phone.“What do you want？” he said，“I’m really busy right now.” Imagine you are at work and the phone is ringing in someone else’s office.Do you answer it or not？In one survey on telephone use,51% of participants told researchers that they did.We can’t ignore the phone and for that reason，it forces its way into our life.It interrupts what we are doing and on top of that，the caller is often someone we don’t really want to talk to.However， in the survey,58% said they never took the phone off the hook，and 67% didn’t mind if someone called during a television programme.For 44% it wasn’t a problem if someone rang during a meal， while only 28% were annoyed or upset.If someone phoned in the middle of the night,40% told researchers that they got nervous or frightened，while around 30% got angry. Of course，when someone is really annoying，you can choose to hang up on him/her.This is in fact one of the rudest things you can do on the phone，but 79% said they were prepared to do it in some cases.Only 6% told researchers they never hung up on people. 1．In the experiment，people answered the researcher’s phone________. A．in order to help him gather the data B．for fear that it was urgent C．to test the function of the phone D．to show their interest in the survey 2．The gunman answered the phone because________. A．he decided not to give up his resistance to the police B．he intended to be friendly with the media C．he wanted to tell the reporter that he was too busy to offer any information D．he tended to answer a ringing phone 3．According to Paragraph 3，most people________when they were doing their work or watching television. A．refused to answer the phone in someone else’s office 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 B．couldn’t ignore the phone C．minded the ringing of the phone D．kept the phone ringing 4．What is implied by the sentence “79% said they were prepared to do it in some cases”？ A．They also agreed to hang up on others regardless of rudeness. B．They were prepared to punish those rude callers. C．They were annoying rude callers. D．They were going to hang on annoying phones. 5．The purpose of the survey is to find out________. A．how the phone interrupts people’s work B．what role the phone plays in people’s lives C．why people mind a ringing phone sometimes D．when the phone communication is more welcome 语篇解读 本文是一篇调查报道。实验发现，大多数人都会接听正在响着的电话，因为他们想知道是谁在 打电话或者担心有什么紧急情况。 1．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，人们接听电话是因为他们想知道是谁在打电话 或者担心有什么紧急情况。 答案： B 2．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容并结合文章大意可知，那位杀人犯之所以接听了电话， 是因为他和多数人一样，不能不理会正在响着的电话。 答案： D 3．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第四句“We can’t ignore the phone and for that reason， it forces its way into our life.”可知，多数人在工作或看电视时，当听到电话响了会去接听。 答案： B 4．解析： 句意理解题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，当接听了电话后，如果对方令人讨厌，你当然 可以挂断他或她的电话。虽然这是在打电话时很没礼貌的行为，但 79%的人说如果碰到类似情况他们也会那 样做。 答案： A 5．解析： 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文的写作目的是为了调查人们为什么会去接听正在响着的 电话的原因。 答案：C。 【2016 年沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测（一）】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。A 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 British International Schools in China Harrow International School Beijing The mission statement of the school is “Leadership for a better world”, which draws on the great tradition of famous leaders studying in Harrow School such as Winston Churchill and Pundit Nehru. Established in 2005, the Harrow International School Beijing is known for its reputation for having the highest academic standards and close personal tutoring. All students have a personal tutor to take care of their personal concerns. The tuition fee per year ranges from 80,100 to 258,400 yuan ($12,600 – 40,600) for half day, pre-nursery to year 13. Dulwich College Shanghai Dulwich College Shanghai is made up of about 1,500 students from age 2 to age 18, with over 40 different nationalities. Dulwich College Shanghai opened in 2003 and has been recognized as one of the best international schools in Shanghai. About 70 percent of the school’s teachers are British. The school’s annual payment ranges from 225,500 to 269,500 yuan ($35,500 – 42,000) from year 1 to year 13. Click here to know more. Wellington College International Shanghai Wellington College, UK, is one of the world’s top coeducational day and boarding schools founded by royal sponsor on behalf of Queen Victoria in 1859. Wellington College International Shanghai opened its doors in 2014 and now has over 600 students, aged 2 to 18 years old. Annual tuition ranges from 234,000 to 285,000 yuan ($36,800 – 44,800) for year 1 to year 13. Wellington College also has a campus in Tianjin. Click here to learn more about both locations. The British School of Guangzhou Established in 2005 for students aged 2 to 18, The British School of Guangzhou has gained a reputation for academic excellence. The school’s two campuses are located about 25 minutes 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 north of Guangzhou’s city center, overlooking scenic South Lake. The annual tuition ranges from 157,840 to 197,690 yuan ($24,800 – 31,100) for year 1 to year 13. Click here to know more. 1. If you want to make friends with students from different countries, you may choose _____. A. Harrow International School Beijing B. Dulwich College Shanghai C. Wellington College International Shanghai D. The British School of Guangzhou 2. What do the last two schools have in common? A. They both have two campuses. B. Their annual tuitions are the same. C. They are both sponsored by the royal family. D. They are both the world’s best boarding schools. 3. In which section of a website can we probably read this passage? A. Lifestyle B. Opinion C. International News D. Culture Exchange 参考答案 1—3、BAD Blind imitation(模仿) is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 worth,imitation appears attractive;to those who know their strength,imitation is unacceptable. In the early stages of skill or character development,imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook,I used recipes(菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own?Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle;they help you get going,but once you find your own balance,you fly faster and farther without relying on them. In daily life,imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously(下意识地) hold poor role models. If,as a child,you observed people whose lives were bad,you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself,you will get the results of the weak choices of others. In the field of entertainment,our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen,their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone,focus on their talent,not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors. Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them,but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination. Study your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say,“I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory,and know that they are cheering me on.” 1. Imitation proves useful when you . A. know you are unique B. lose the balance of life 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 C. begin to learn something new D. get tired of routine practice 2. To avoid the bad result of imitation,we should . A. forget daily fear and pain B. choose the right example C. ask others for decisions D. stay away from stars 3. According to the author,the world moves on because of those who are . A. desperate to influence others with their knowledge B. ready to turn their original ideas into reality C. eager to discover what their ancestors did D. willing to accept others’ ideas 4. The trouble a creator faces is . A. the lack of strong motivation B. the absence of practical ideas C. how to search for more materials D. how to use imagination creatively 5. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To highlight the importance of creativity. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 B. To criticize the characters of role models. C. To compare imitation with creation. D. To explain the meaning of success. 【参考答案】75.1-5 CBBDA 阅读理解-----A Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (奖券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different. In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world. B. Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated. C. In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other. D. Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive. 答案解析：答案为 B。本题为推断题，考生需通读全文进行推断。本文讲述了当受到不公平待遇的时候， 每个人都会生气，包括动物。但是雌性的动物比雄性的动物更加在意不公平的待遇，研究中用猴子作为实 验来证明这一点。文章中第二段 “Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.” 与第三段 “Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study.” 都有此表达，故答案为 B “当受到不公 平待遇的时候，女性比男性更加不满”。 从最后一段 “Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.”中可知，independently (独立)对应 A 选项中的 only，whether…or…an unanswered question（是否…或者…未知的问题）的表达方式与 A 选项的意思 “只有猴子与人类才具有 公平意识” 不同，故 A 选项是错误的。 从第三段 “Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.” 可知，猴子乐意用石块交换黄瓜，但是当看到另外一只猴子因为石块得到的回报，态度就不一样了。因此 C 选项 “猴子从不会不高兴彼此分享食物” 与该句意思不符。 从第四段首句 “In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 cucumbers).” 中注意 “excellent (极好的)” 与 “ preferable(更好的)” 两词，与 D 选项 “for grapes are more attractive（更具有吸引力的）” 意思不一致。综上分析，A, C, D 都不符合文章意思。 2. The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that ________. A. monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows B. feeling bitter at unfairness is also monkey’s nature C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be envious of each other D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings 答案解析：答案为 B。本题为句意推断题。结合文章第一段中 “all too human”前面的内容是说当得知 别人懒惰却加薪更多的时候，人人都会生气，这是人的本能。接下来提到的 “it is all too monkey” 也 是表达 “猴子受到不公平待遇的时候感到痛苦也是猴子的本能。”的意思。故答案为 B。A 选项 “猴子对 懒惰的同伴也会生气”, C 选项 “猴子像人类一样会彼此嫉妒”, D 选项 “除了猴子没有其他的动物会有 那种感觉” 都与文章意思不符。 3. Female monkeys of this kind are chosen for the research most probably because they are ___ . A. more likely to weigh what they get B. attentive to researchers’ instructions C. nice in both appearance and behaviors D. more ready to help others than their male companions 答案解析：答案为 A。本题为细节推理题。从文章中第二段 “Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.” 与第三 段 “Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study.” 可知，雌 性的猴子作为实验是因为她们比雄性的猴子更加关注 “物品与服务” 的价值。A 选项 “她们更有可能掂 量（weigh）她们得到的”, 与上述分析意思一致，故答案为 A。B 和 D 在文章中都未提到；C 并不是根本的 原因。 4. Which of the following conclusions is TRUE according to the passage? A. Human beings' feelings of anger are developed from the monkeys. B. In the research, male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others. C. Co-operation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 D. Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness which dates back to 35 million years ago. 答案解析：答案为 C。本题为细节理解题。从文章最后一段 “Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.” 可知，只有当每个动物感觉没有被欺骗的时 候合作的态度才是坚定的”, C 选项的意思 “意识到被欺骗之前猴子之间的合作非常坚定” 与上述分析 一致。解答此题注意同义句的转换表达。A, B, D 与文章意思不符合。 5. What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study? A. The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses. B. They usually show their feelings openly as humans do. C. The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment. D. Co-operation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild. 答案解析：答案为 C。本题为推断题。文章中说，猴子受到不公平待遇的时候会生气，这句话的意思就是 C 选项的表达 “猴子受到公平待遇的时候会满意”，故答案为 C。解答此题仍然要注意推理题设置的技巧： 用不同的表达方式来表达同样的意思。 从文章最后一段 “The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living.” 可知，猴子自身就有社会意识，而 不是通过训练获得，故 A 错误。B，D 在文章中未提及。