2020届一轮复习外研版必修五Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish单元作业（14页）

2020届一轮复习外研版必修五Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish单元作业（14页）

‎2020届一轮复习外研版必修五 Module 1 British and American English单元作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·江西省名校联盟质检)The UK has a whole host of things to do for free or at a low price and there are a number of websites devoted to bringing you the best. Take a look at our guide to some of our favorite UK cities.‎ LONDON If you live in or near London and have access to the Internet, you'll discover many choices of free entertainment. The Londonist is an amusing website that offers daily and weekly breakdowns of the free and cheap events in the city. Categories include art, comedy, music, food and drink, theater, festivals and talks. Head over to londonist.com for the latest schedule of affordable entertainment. Time Out's website (timeout.com/london) also has lots of information about free fun in the lively capital.‎ Find out why the 60s really cemented (巩固) London as the counterculture capital of the UK in our shop.‎ Manchester Manchester is probably one of the top creative centers of England (if not the UK)．If you need any further convincing then head over to Creative Tourist where you can find bags of daytime and nighttime entertainment that's easy_on_the_pocket. While you're there you can also check out Liverpool and Sheffield.‎ Manchester is an historical city, which has shaped life in Britain. Take a look in our shop.‎ Glasgow If Manchester is the creative center of England then Glasgow has to be the creative center of Scotland. You can visit Scotland's Center for Design and Architecture at The Lighthouse, or go over to the Gallery of Modern Art, and then there's the wonderful and strange Hunterian Museum. For the lowdown on the best free of Glasgow, take a look at VisitScotland.‎ For a look at Glasgow's picturesque qualities click here.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些关于英国著名城市的网站。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined phrase “easy on the pocket” mean?‎ A．Available.　　　　　　 B．Favorable.‎ C．Affordable. D．Reasonable.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句可知，该篇文章的主要内容就是介绍一些关于英国城市中免费的或较为便宜的娱乐项目的网站，由此可推知， easy on the pocket应该是“易于负担……的费用”的意思，affordable“花费得起的，担负得起的”符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎2．Which website can you visit if you are interested in architecture?‎ A．Londonist. B．Creative Tourist.‎ C．Time Out. D．VisitScotland.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Glasgow部分中的“You can visit Scotland's Center for Design and Architecture ...take a look at VisitScotland.”可知，答案为D。‎ ‎3．Where can you probably find the passage?‎ A．In a geography book. B．In a fashion magazine.‎ C．In a tourist brochure. D．On the Internet.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些关于英国著名城市的网站以及这些网站中的一些项目的信息，根据文章内容及文章末段最后一句中的“click here”可知，这篇文章可以在网上看到，故答案为D。‎ B Shanghai leads the mainland in an international standardized (标准化的) test of English language level, according to the British Council's white paper on mainland test takers' IELTS performance.The white paper shows people on Chinese mainland have been making progress in their ability to listen, read, write and speak English in the past five years.‎ People who took the IELTS Academic test showed the least progress in speaking English.The test takers' total score from the fourpart test is below the world average, with the largest gap in the speaking test.The white paper also showed mixed development of English skills in various areas on the mainland.Shanghai, which achieved respective (分别的) average scores of 5.87 points and 5.95 points in the academic and training tests, led the mainland in the listening, speaking, reading and writing tests.Shanghai's universities and high schools also had the best results.‎ Barry O'Sullivan, head of assessment research and development at the British Council, said Shanghai stood out against the other provinces because it is an international city, where students have a better environment and stronger motivation (动力) to learn and use English.The average score of Shanghai test takers in reading is higher than the world average, and their listening and writing scores are equal to the world average.But Shanghai test takers' speaking score is not so good as the ‎ other three.‎ The city's Fudan University topped other universities on the mainland with the highest average IELTS scores.Fudan students' reading, listening and writing scores exceeded (超过) the world average but their speaking scores were below it.According to the white paper, all test takers said selfmotivation was the most important factor for them, while those with IELTS scores higher than 7 points thought their high school teachers played an important role.‎ The white paper also found that the English educators on the mainland who had mixed abilities in reading, writing, listening and speaking were weakest in speaking English.Chinese authorities are working to deal with these issues.For example, they have released the Chinese Standards of English which outlines English students' abilities at nine levels.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国文化教育协会发布全球首部中国内地地区雅思考试官方白皮书，上海市雅思考生听说读写能力均居中国内地之首。‎ ‎4．Which kind of ability of the mainland students needs to be improved urgently?‎ A．The ability of listening. B．The ability of speaking.‎ C．The ability of reading. D．The ability of writing.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People who took the IELTS Academic test showed ...with the largest gap in the speaking test.”可知，参加雅思学术考试的人在口语考试中的进步最小。考生在四项考试中的总成绩低于世界平均水平，口语考试与世界平均分的差距最大。由此可知，中国内地考生在口语能力方面急需加强。‎ ‎5．Which of the situations of the IELTS test on the mainland is ‎ correct?‎ A．The highest average score of the academic test among all provinces is 5.87 points.‎ B．Test takers in Shanghai have the best scores in the world.‎ C．There is no big gap between Shanghai and other provinces in IELTS test scores.‎ D．Mainland test takers score higher than most countries' in the world.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shanghai, which achieved ...and writing tests.”可知，上海市的学术类雅思分数是5.87分，培训类雅思分数是5.95，在听说读写四项考试中领先全国。由此可知，上海市的雅思平均分数是全国最高的，因此5.87分是全国各省中学术类雅思考试的最高的平均分数。‎ ‎6．According to the passage, English skills might be greatly affected by________.‎ A．one's motivation to go abroad B．one's attitude to the test C．the level of education one receives D．the overall social environment one lives in 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Shanghai stood out against the other provinces ...to learn and use English.”可知，上海市领先于其他省份是因为它是一座国际化都市，那里的学生有更好的语言环境和更强的动力去学习和使用英语。由此可推知，社会环境对于一个人的英语能力有很大影响。‎ ‎7．It can be inferred from the passage that________.‎ A．students in Fudan University have the best selfmotivation B．the speaking test is the most difficult one among the four tests in IELTS C．the scores of IELTS are much influenced by high school education D．the level of Chinese students' English ability is above the world average 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“According to the white paper ...played an important role.”可知，根据白皮书中的信息，所有考生都说自我鼓励对他们来说是最重要的因素，而那些雅思成绩高于7分的考生认为他们的高中老师扮演了很重要的角色。由此可推知，高中教育对雅思成绩影响很大。‎ C Today Sam will plow through the city's rough boroughs in search of cookie dough, even though he ought to stay home to nurse his cough.‎ What's wrong with that sentence? Seven words containing “ough”， different pronunciations.Oo, uhff, oh, oh, oh, aww, aww.Isn't English fun?‎ A group of experts in the United Kingdom and United States believe the illogical spelling in the English language is more than just annoying for those who have to memorize the rules.They put forward an International English Spelling Congress to develop a spelling system that makes more sense.‎ ‎“In some languages like Finnish, Spanish and Italian, there is a strong connection between the written and spoken word，” said Stephen Linstead, head of the English Spelling Society.But English words with the same letter groupings are pronounced differently and the same sound can be spelled differently, depending on the word, he explained.‎ Linguistic experts from around the world would suggest a list of new spellings to correct problematic word groups — see: “ough” — and the congress would select an alternative spelling system.‎ Linstead said university studies in the U．K.have concluded that Englishspeaking children take significantly longer to learn basic reading and writing skills than children in other European countries.He said part of the problem lies in the spelling.‎ ‎“One of the members said the reason he joined our association was because of the frustrations he felt teaching his students to read by using phonics (拼读法)，” Linstead said.“Any time he taught them a rule, there would be all sorts of exceptions.”‎ Col.Robert McCormick, longtime publisher of the Tribune, was a major advocate for simplified spelling, and his newspaper for a time used “fantom” instead of “phantom” and “frate” instead of “freight”．‎ And in the early 20th century, the Simplified Spelling Board (SSB) published a list of 300 words with spellings that are easy to understand and to use: “color” instead of “colour”， “fixt” for “fixed”．President Theodore Roosevelt approved the changes, but his order was overturned by Congress.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了一些英美专家正在酝酿一场新的简化英语单词拼写的运动。‎ ‎8．What does the author use Paragraph 1 to show?‎ A．It is very necessary to learn English pronunciation.‎ B．Many words in the English language are interesting.‎ C．English sentences are sometimes hard to understand.‎ D．The same English letter group can be read differently.‎ 解析：‎ 选D　推理判断题。文章的前两段在全文起到了引出话题的作用。第一段的用意是举例说明英语中同样的字母组合可能会有不同的发音。‎ ‎9．What are the British and American experts going to do?‎ A．Reform the English spelling system.‎ B．Help people memorize spelling rules.‎ C．Raise the status of foreign languages like Finnish.‎ D．Study the link between written and spoken words.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They put forward an International English Spelling Congress to develop a spelling system that makes more sense.”和第五段可知，这些英美专家想对英语拼写进行改革。‎ ‎10．Why did the teacher join the English Spelling Society?‎ A．He wanted to learn more about words.‎ B．The spelling of English words is illogical.‎ C．His students were interested in spelling rules.‎ D．He would improve his students' learning skills.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题 。根据第七段可知，这位老师加入英语拼写协会是因为英语单词的拼写不合逻辑。‎ ‎11．What did McCormick and Roosevelt have in common?‎ A．Both of them helped found SSB.‎ B．Both of them had influenced Congress.‎ C．Both of them were in support of simplified spelling.‎ D．Both of them used easier spellings in their daily work.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，McCormick和Roosevelt都是简化拼写的支持者。‎ D ‎(2019·石家庄市高中毕业班模拟)Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies.Most time the task is easily accomplished with parents reading or talking to their babies.However, in some cases that is not possible due to busy work schedules or when kids are born deaf.Now, an adorable blueeyed robot, a human avatar, and some hightech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this important developmental task.‎ The Robot AVatar thermalEnhanced system, or RAVE, is the brainchild of a team of researchers led by LauraAnn Petitto, an educational neuroscientist, at Washington, D．C.'s Gallaudet University.The learning process begins when the robot's camera, ‎ which is focused on the baby's face, detects tiny changes in his/her body temperature.This, combined with the baby's facial expression, causes the robot to turn its head and guide the baby's attention to a computer screen, on which a human avatar starts to communicate with the baby, much like a parent would.For example, if the baby points towards the screen, the avatar might respond, “Are you pointing to me？” and follow that up with a nursery rhyme, fairy tale, or some essential social communication, all in American Sign Language (ASL)．The “conversation” continues until the kid loses interest.‎ The researchers, who have been testing the system for three years, found that babies as young as 6 to 8 months old began to move their hands in a rhythm similar to ASL after interacting with RAVE for just a few minutes.Petitto says natural language, whether communicated through speech or sign, activates the same parts of the brain and believes the rhythmic motions prove the babies are learning the essential elements ‎ of communication.‎ What sets this technique apart from other methods, such as showing educational videos or television shows, is its interactive nature and realtime response to the baby's actions.The researchers say that while it is too early to determine the system's longterm influence on baby communication, the initial response has been very encouraging.Next, they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统，以及该系统的工作原理、效果评价和研究人员对这种技术的前景展望。‎ ‎12．What can the RAVE system help parents do?‎ A．Improve babies' health condition.‎ B．Take good care of babies.‎ C．Develop babies' language skills.‎ D．Keep babies company.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，专家认为教孩子语言技能的最佳时间是孩子的婴儿时期；结合第一段最后一句以及第二段第一句可知， RAVE系统可以帮助父母完成教婴儿学习语言的任务，故C项正确。‎ ‎13．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?‎ A．How babies learn ASL effectively.‎ B．How parents educate their babies.‎ C．How robots talk and read to babies.‎ D．How the RAVE system works.‎ 解析：选D　段落大意题。根据第二段第二、第三句“The learning process ...much like a parent would.”‎ 可知，机器人的摄像头可以检测到婴儿细微的体温变化并与婴儿的面部表情相结合，使机器人转动头部，引导婴儿注意电脑屏幕，在电脑屏幕上，一个人类的形象开始与婴儿交流，就像父母一样；结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了RAVE系统的工作原理．故D项正确。‎ ‎14．What indicates babies are learning with the help of the RAVE system?‎ A．Interest in videos and TV shows.‎ B．Changes in their body temperature.‎ C．Improvement in their natural language.‎ D．Hand movements in a rhythm like ASL.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“babies as young ...a few minutes”可知，在和这种系统交流互动之后，婴儿就会开始以类似于ASL的节奏晃动他们的手，故D项正确。‎ ‎15．What do the researchers think of the RAVE system?‎ A．Promising. B．Impractical.‎ C．Satisfactory. D．Disappointing.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的第二、第三句“The researchers say ...can both sign and speak to babies.”可知，尽管对这种系统培养婴儿交流技能的长期影响进行评价为时过早，但是其初期的表现令人鼓舞。研究人员将在下一步推出可以用手语和口语与婴儿交流的形象。据此可知，研究人员对这种系统的发展是充满着希望的，A项意为“有前途的，有希望的”，符合语境，故A项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 If you're a firsttime language learner, you know that emotional (情感的) ups and downs are a normal situation.When you understand a concept or begin to comprehend the language, you may experience ‎ feelings of excitement.However, those are often followed by moments of disappointment and discouragement, during which you might feel as if you will never master the concepts and attain the ability to understand and communicate effectively.__1__.‎ Learn vocabulary effectively Vocabulary is the most important part of communication.The more words you know, the more you can say and understand.The absolute best way to learn vocabulary is through the use of flash cards that you make yourself.Purchase a set of 3×5 index cards (索引卡片) and cut them in half.__2__.As you learn more information about each word, e．g.plural forms of nouns and principle parts of verbs, you can add these to the cards.‎ ‎__3__‎ Research shows that language students learn more effectively and acquire more when they study frequently for shorter periods of time than if they study infrequently for extended periods of time.__4__.This means doing a few homework exercises each day rather than doing all homework exercises the night before they are due.‎ Practice language actively ‎__5__.Say vocabulary words out loud, read passages in the text aloud, do pronunciation activities orally and not just mentally.Write out the answers to activities rather than gliding through them in your mind.Read aloud entire sentences in an activity rather than just reading a fillin response.Transferring language from your mind to your mouth is a skill that requires a great deal of practice.‎ A．Break study time into smaller periods B．Then use flash cards as a learning tool C．Try to study each day, and several times a day D．The timetested approaches are effective in your learning E．Write a word on the front and its English definition on the back F．Whenever possible, speak the language aloud rather than reciting silently to yourself G．Below are some approaches that will relieve your potential frustration and help you succeed in language learning 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为语言初学者提供了学习语言的三条建议。‎ ‎1．选G　根据上文提到的语言初学者会在学习语言的过程中遇到挫折，认为自己不可能掌握那些概念，也不能获得有效地理解和进行交流的能力的内容及下文给出的三条学习语言的建议可知，此处应填一个起承上启下作用的句子，故G项“下面是一些将缓解你潜在的挫折感，帮助你在语言学习方面取得成功的方法”符合语境。‎ ‎2．选E　根据空后的“As you learn more information about each word ...you can add these to the cards.”可知，当你学到更多有关每个单词的信息时，你可以把它们添加到卡片上，因此空处内容应涉及在卡片上记某些东西，故E项“把单词写在卡片的正面，并把它的英语释义写在背面”符合语境。‎ ‎3．选A　根据本段内容可知，语言学习者把学习时间分成各个小段来频繁地学习比一次学习很长时间取得的效果要好，因此本段提供的学习方法应是把学习时间分成小段来进行学习，故A项符合语境。‎ ‎4．选C　根据下文中的“This means ...before they are due.”可知，此处是说每天应该做一些家庭作业而不是拖到最后一刻一次完成，故C项“试着每天都学习，并且一天学习多次”符合语境。‎ ‎5．选F　根据本段的小标题“Practice language actively”‎ 可知，本段主要讲的是要积极地练习语言，故F项“只要有可能，大声地说出这门语言，而不是静静地背给自己听”符合语境。‎