十年高考20002010英语分类汇编名词性从句19页

十年高考20002010英语分类汇编名词性从句19页

十年高考【2000-2010】英语分类汇编----名词性从句 u 名词性从句在高考中的考查重点：‎ ‎1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别；‎ ‎2.名词从句的语序和时态；‎ ‎3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况；‎ ‎4.宾语从句的否定转移；‎ ‎5.whether和if的用法区别；‎ ‎6.what在名词性从句中的使用；‎ ‎7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用；‎ ‎8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别；‎ ‎9.连接词that的省略；‎ ‎〖10福建〗We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have here and treat food nicely.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. whether ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗宾语从句 ‎〖解析〗空格在句中充当宾语。我们应该尊重食物, 考虑那些我们所拥有的东西和认真对待食物的态度。‎ ‎〖10湖南〗Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew ‎ she was so angry.‎ A. where B. whether C. that D. why ‎ ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查名词性从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗该空引导宾语从句, 根据句意 “办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。‎ ‎〖10天津〗As a new graduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here.‎ A. how B. what C. When D. which ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查名词性从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意：作为一名新毕业生, 他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。空格后的从句中takes是动词, 其后缺少宾语, 所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。‎ ‎〖10北京〗 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.‎ A. Whether B. What C. That D. How ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。从句中缺宾语, 只能用B. what来引导. C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。‎ ‎〖10浙江〗—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?‎ ‎—OK, you want. ‎ A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查引导词。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意：“这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的？” “好啊, 按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。‎ ‎〖10浙江〗It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. ‎ A. that B. what C. how D. whether ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查主语从句的引导词。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是, 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是 “副作用”, 还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about ______ side effect。故选择what, 形容词 “‎ 什么样的”, 起修饰作用。‎ ‎〖10上海〗One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.‎ A. that B. how C. what D. why ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗此处考查的是同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗考查that引导同位语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。‎ ‎〖10湖北〗The news ________（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)‎ ‎〖答案〗that the housing price will fall ‎〖考点〗同位语从句 ‎〖解析〗用 “that” 引导同位语从句, “房价”译成 “housing price”。‎ ‎〖10山东〗Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.‎ ‎ A. why B. what C. how D. which ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查宾语从句的引导词。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意应为 “在大甩卖开始前, 我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知, 空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语, 所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。‎ ‎〖10上海〗When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .‎ A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗which引导的句子做know的宾语, 句子用陈述语序。‎ ‎〖10四川〗How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. w_ ‎ A. what B. who C. how D. why w ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查介词后的宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去, 故选B。句意为 “一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去, 无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”‎ ‎〖10全国Ⅰ〗We haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. where ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗根据选项此题考查从句。题 ‎〖解析〗句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。干中空格划在动词discuss的后面, 因此考查宾语从句, 根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语, 因此选择D。‎ ‎〖10湖北〗I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.‎ ‎ A. who B. where C. what D. how ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗宾语从句 ‎〖解析〗我想别人喜欢我是因为我的内在。也就是我inside的品质。只有what可以指代是什么。很多同学误选A, 错误的用中文语言习惯去做英文题。‎ ‎〖10全国Ⅱ〗—Have you finished the book?‎ ‎---No,I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.‎ A.which B.what C.hat D.where ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗Up to为介词结构, 后接宾语从句从句；而句意是 “读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”‎ ‎, 故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。‎ ‎〖10江苏〗—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.‎ ‎ —That’s_______I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.‎ A.where B.how C.when D.what ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句。‎ ‎〖10北京〗Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. why D. whether ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗从句不缺成分, 因此用that来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。‎ ‎〖09湖南〗She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.‎ A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗名词性从句的引导词。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵, 我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。句中缺少宾语, 选项中只有whatever符合句意可引导宾语从句作动词do的宾语并在从句中充当动词take to的宾语。 答案C。‎ ‎〖09江西〗The fact has worried many scientists ______the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.‎ A. what B. which C. that D. though ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗间隔式同位语从句的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗近年来地球气候逐渐变暖, 很多科学家已经为此担忧。即先行词是the fact 和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。‎ ‎〖09北京〗At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_____it got any better.‎ A. when B. how C. why D. if ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗起先他讨厌这个新工作, 但决定给自己几个月时间看看是否能感觉好点。考查宾语从句。答案D。‎ ‎〖09全国I〗Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?‎ A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗我能够和负责国际业务的人谈谈吗？whoever既作了 to 的宾语, 又作is in charge of International Sales please?的主语。“whoever”作代词, ／any person who／the person who／ “任何人”、 “无论谁”、 “……的人”。‎ ‎〖09海南〗One of the most important questions they had to consider was of public health A. what B. this C. that D. which ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词, that 作代词, 往往用于特指, 相当于 “that＋名词”, 它也只能代替事情不能代替人。‎ ‎〖09陕西〗The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job.‎ A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗此处从做介词to的宾语, 是名词性从句, 引导词做从句的主语, 指人, 意思是：无论是谁, 选D ‎〖09上海〗As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.‎ A. what B. which C. that D. how ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗作为一名外交官, 他经常考虑着如何在这样的场合表现得更得体。考查宾语从句, 从句缺少方式状语。答案D。‎ ‎〖09四川〗News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.‎ A. which B. what C. that D. where ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容, 由于该题把同位语从句后置了, 所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D项。‎ ‎〖09天津〗It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.‎ A. as B. which C. whether D. that ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗很显然, 学生应该为将来做好准备。It为形式主语, that引导的真正的主语。‎ ‎〖09浙江〗－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?‎ ‎－No problem.‎ A. When B. that C. whether D. what ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗——你能到机场接我吗？——没问题。答案B。‎ ‎〖09重庆〗We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.‎ A. that     B. when C. which    D. where ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同位语从句。从句句子结构完整, 因此用that引导。答案A。‎ ‎〖09江苏〗Many young people in the West are expected to leave __    could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.‎ A. as                 B. that             C. which        D. what ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗预计许多西方年轻人会把可能是人生中最重要的抉择－婚姻, 几乎完全交由幸运之神掌握。 “__ could be life’ s most important decision”是leave的宾语从句, 从句缺少主语, 因此用what。答案D。‎ ‎〖09陕西〗The how-to book can be of help to wants to do the job. ‎ A who B whomever C no matter who D whoever ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗这本指南书对想要从事这项工作的都人会有帮助。宾语从句中缺少主语, 排除B；no matter who虽然意思上和whoever相同, 但只能引导让步状语从句, 也排除。Whoever既作主语中动词或介词的宾语, 又作从句中的主语, 相当于anyone who;who不具备这种语法功能。答案D。‎ ‎〖09山东〗The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait for her mother.‎ A. where B. what C. how D. who ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗remain是系动词, 后加表语从句, 由句意可知, 从句缺地点状语, 所以选A。‎ ‎〖08北京〗The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st ‎ century. ‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. what D. who ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗该句中they hope是插入语, 故 “ will be the best means of transport in the 21st century”实际上是create的宾语, 且缺少宾语从句的连接词, 并且该连接词要指物且在从句中作主语, what可以起到该作用。‎ ‎〖08天津〗The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.‎ ‎ A. where B. how C. when D. why ‎ ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗由the last time可知是表示时间, 故用when引导表语从句。‎ ‎〖08安徽〗Students are always interested in finding out＿＿＿they can go with a new teacher.‎ A. how far B. how soon C. how often D. how long ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗how far多远；how soon多久；how often多长时间一次；how long多长时间。‎ ‎〖08湖南〗When asked they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.‎ A.what B.why C.whom D.which ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：当被问到他们最需要什么时, 孩子们说他们想让别人觉得他们是重要的, 希望被爱。what引导宾语从句, 且what在从句中作needed的宾语。‎ ‎〖08陕西〗Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? ‎ A. what B. which C. that D. where ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗由句式结构可以判断 the party is to be held是get any idea的同位语, 故空格处应为同位语从句的引导词, 且该从句中句子成分完整, 但语意不完整, 故应选择D项, 表示地点。‎ ‎〖08重庆〗People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.‎ A.that B.which C.what D.how ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗what 引导名词性从句, 同时充当achieved的宾语。‎ ‎〖08浙江〗Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.‎ A. what B. that C. which D. one ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句中的from缺少宾语, what既引导了宾语从句, 又充当了speak的宾语。‎ ‎〖08福建〗 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.‎ A.It B.What C.As D.Which ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗分析题干结构 “ is known to us all”是主语从句, 从句中缺少主语, what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语。如果选it, 需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉is that。‎ ‎〖08山东〗 was most important to her, she told me, was her family.‎ A.It B.This C.What D.As ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗what引导主语从句, 同时又在从句中充当主语。‎ ‎〖07全国Ⅱ〗 matters most in learning English is enough practice. A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题考查主语从句, 且从句中缺少主语, 所以A项正确。‎ ‎〖07天津〗The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine and soft sands make it is. A.what B.which C.how D.where ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：每年夏天这儿的海边都吸引大量的游客。温暖的阳光和柔软的沙滩使海边成了现在的样子。what引导宾语从句, 且what在从句中作表语, 意为 “……的（东西）”。‎ ‎〖07安徽〗You can only be sure of you have at present; you cannot be sure of something you might get in the future. A.that;what B.what;/ C.which;that D./;that ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗what引导宾语从句, 并在从句中作宾语；that引导定语从句, 并在从句中作宾语, 可以省略。‎ ‎〖07湖南〗Having checked the doors were closed, and all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. A.why B.that C.when D.where ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：确保门关上了, 且所有的灯都关上了之后, 那个男孩打开门进了他的卧室。checked后跟了两个宾语从句, 第一个从句的引导词that省略了。‎ ‎〖07陕西〗 parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. A.That B.Which C.What D.As ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词性从句的选用。‎ ‎〖解析〗分析句子结构可知, 此处主语从句缺少动词say and do的宾语, 故用what。‎ ‎〖07浙江〗Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s the best jobs are. A.where B.what C.when D.why ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词性从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：为什么不到市中心商业区去碰碰运气呢, 鲍勃？那是最好的工作所在的地方。where “……的地方”, 在此引导表语从句。‎ ‎〖07福建〗It is none of your business other people think about you.Believe yourself.‎ A.how B.what C.which D.when ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查名词性从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗分析句子结构可知, it作形式主语, 而真正的主语应为后面的从句, 且从句中缺少动词think的宾语, 故用what引导。‎ ‎〖07江苏〗Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for. A.what B.why C.how D.whether ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗what引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语, what在从句中又充当介词for的宾语, 其他选项为副词或连词, 无此作用。‎ ‎〖07山东〗Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales, please?‎ A.anyone B.someone C.whoever D.no matter who ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗whoever在句中引导名词性从句, 作介词to的宾语, whoever在从句中作主语；no matter who只能引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎〖07山东〗 worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. A.This B.That C.What D.It ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗it在句中代指所发生的事情, the way在句中作方式状语, 同时又作了先行词, 其后为定语从句, 省略了引导词that或in which。‎ ‎〖06全国Ⅰ〗See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning. A.when B.which C.where D.what ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗本题考查了表语从句的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗由句中句子结构可知, 此处缺一表语从句引导词, 而且要在句中作did的宾语, 故只有what符合要求。‎ ‎〖06全国Ⅱ〗—What did your parents think about your decision? ‎—They always let me do I think I should. A.when B.that C.how D.what ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗what可以在宾语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。在本题中作动词do的宾语。‎ ‎〖06北京〗— Could you do me a favor? ‎— It depends on it is. A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗疑问词+ever引导让步状语从句或名词性从句, 但句意为：要看帮什么忙了。所以whatever不合适。‎ ‎〖06天津〗What we used to think impossible now does seem possible. A.is B.was C.has been D.will be ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗由句意“我们以前认为不可能的事现在看起来的确是可能的”和谓语动词used to think可知空格处的谓语部分应该表达过去意义。‎ ‎〖06山东〗 team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.‎ A.No matter what B.No matter which C.Whatever D.Whichever ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗由句式结构可知此空白处应选择连词引导主语从句, 且在主语从句中作team的定语使用, 选项中只有whichever和whichever可同时具备这两种功能, 且从数个已知的队中选择一个, 故选whichever。‎ ‎〖06安徽〗A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. A.if B.when C.that D.which ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗that引导同位语从句, 解释a warm thought的具体内容。that只起连接作用, 但不能省略。‎ ‎〖06四川〗—It’s thirty years since we last met. ‎—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, we got lost on a rainy night. A.which B.that C.what D.when ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗that引导同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗which引导定语从句在从句中要作成分；when引导定语从句缺少表时间的先行词。‎ ‎〖06辽宁〗 makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.‎ A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗what引导主语从句, 并作从句的主语, what=the thing that。‎ ‎〖05全国Ⅰ〗Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.‎ A.why B.what C.who D.that ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗介词on后是一个句子结构, 可判知该句为宾语从句, 因从句中不缺少主语、宾语, 所以what、who不对；that引导名词性从句时, 不在从句中作任何成分, 也不表达任何意义, 所以不合题意；why在此引导宾语从句, 并且在从句中作原因状语。句意为：玛丽写了一篇关于该队为什么没有赢得比赛的文章。‎ ‎〖05天津〗Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is ‎ rough or smooth.‎ A./ B.whether C.how D.what ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗从语法上分析, and后面的部分也应是tell的宾语, 所以要填一个宾语从句引导词。what在从句中无成分可作, 所以不合适；how则意义不对；而whether正合句意。‎ ‎〖05辽宁〗Do you have any idea is actually going on in the classroom?‎ A.that B.what C.as D.which ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗在这里, 所填词引导的从句是对前面名词idea内容的解释, 所以应是同位语从句。同位语从句中缺主语, 根据题意, 答案应为what。‎ ‎〖05山东〗The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.‎ A.where B.how C.what D.which ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查了引导名词性从句的连词的用法。‎ ‎〖解析〗四个选项中只有what和which可以在从句中充当主语, 而which 在名词从句中意为“哪一个”, 因此在本题中意思不对, 故选择C。句意为：店主不想以在他看来不足够高的价钱来卖东西。‎ ‎〖05浙江〗Danby left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon.‎ A.who B.that C.as D.which ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗that引导的从句作word “口信”的同位语, 别的引导词不合适。‎ ‎〖05福建〗Mum is coming.What present for your birthday? A.you expect she has got B.you expect has she got C.do you expect she has got D.do you expect has she got ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查双重疑问句 ‎〖解析〗因此插入语为一般疑问句形式；do you except, 故排除A、B两项；另外在此结构中, expect引导宾语从句, 宾语从句应用陈述语序。所以选C项。‎ ‎〖05湖南〗I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made.‎ A.what B.that C.how D.which ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为：我对她的话很吃惊, 它迫使我承认我犯了多么愚蠢的错误。本题考查宾语从句连接词的用法。从句表感叹, 中心词为名词, 所以选what。‎ ‎〖05重庆〗The old lady’s hand shook frequently.She explained to her doctor this shaking had begun half a year before, and , only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.‎ A.when;how B.how;when C.how;how D.why;why ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题考查的是动词explain后引导的宾语从句的引导词的选用。第一空用how较易, 但第二空很多考生填when, 其实在前一分句中已有时间状语, 故此处用when明显不对, 仍然需用how引导, 即 “她是如何被迫放弃工作的”。‎ ‎〖05江西〗The way he did it was different we were used to. A.in which B.in what C.from what D.from which ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗be different from...为固定搭配短语。what引导from的宾语从句并在句中作介词to的宾语。‎ ‎〖05安徽〗Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer it was 20 years ago, it was so poorly equipped.‎ A.what;when B.that;which C.what;which D.which;that ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查表语从句和定语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗第一个从句是表语从句并在从句中作表语, 所以用what；后面是一个when引导的定语从句, 其先行词是20 years ago。‎ ‎〖04广东〗Parents are taught to understand important education is to their children’s future. A.that B.how C.such D.so ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗本题关键是对句子的理解和语序的安排。抛开从句不看的话, 从句中的原句应该是：Education is important to their children’s future。强调important, 用how来修饰, 再把它提前, 所以应该选how。‎ ‎〖04全国Ⅰ〗You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I disagree.‎ A.why B.where C.what D.how ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖解析〗where引导表语从句, where指的是在某一点上, 相当于at the point。句意为：你说每个人都应该平等, 在这一点上, 我不同意你的说法。disagree是不及物动词, 所以不能用what。‎ ‎〖04全国Ⅰ〗The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ________they insist on going by motorbike. A. why B. whether C. when D. how 〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据句意, 冰雪封路, 而他们还坚持乘摩托车, “我”不能明白的显然是原因, 因此答案选A。‎ ‎〖04天津〗A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.‎ A.what B.which C.that D.where ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗本题考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗in后接宾语从句, 宾语从句中缺少句子的主语, 要用what作主语。‎ ‎〖04北京〗We can’t figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.A.that B.as C.why D.when ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查引导宾语从句的引导词。‎ ‎〖解析〗根据关键词are dying out可排除as、when两项。figure out有 “理解, 想出；计算”‎ 等意。根据句意应选why。‎ ‎〖04湖南〗I think father would like to know I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A.which B.why C.what D.how ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗此句关键在于弄清短语be up to该短语意思是：忙于, 从事, 其中to为介词, 所以需要一个代词, 根据句意, 只能用what。‎ ‎〖04上海春〗The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at I thought was a dangerous speed.‎ A.as B.which C.what D.that ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗本题考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗at后接宾语从句, 当宾语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时, 要用what引导。此句中what作宾语从句的主语。‎ ‎〖04上海春〗Along with the letter was his promise he would visit me this coming Christmas.‎ A.which B.that C.what D.whether ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗本题考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗句意为:他在信中承诺：在即将到来的圣诞节来看望我。由句子结构可以看出promise后的从句非常完整, 不缺少任何句子成份；由题意可知该从句用以说明promise的内容, 所以可判断出是一个同位语从句, 因为是在陈述一个事实, 故引导词要用that。‎ ‎〖03上海春〗_____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.‎ ‎ A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That’ because ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句和表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗What引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语；that引导表语从句, 在表语从句中起连接作用。‎ ‎〖03安徽春〗People have heard what the president has said; they are waiting to see ____ he will do.       A. how            B. what           C. when            D. that ‎〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗此题考查what引导的宾语从句 ‎〖解析〗此题考查what引导的宾语从句, 在从句中作do的宾语。排除A/C/D故选B. 〖02上海〗When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule. Always give the monkey ______ he wants.   A. what           B. which           C. when           D. that ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗这是一个宾语从句, wants后面缺少宾语, 所以要填写what。译文：当你在找工作面试回答问题时, 请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确定想要的东西。‎ ‎〖02上海春〗-- I think it is going to be a big problem. --- Yes, it could be. --- I wonder _____ we can do about it.   ‎ ‎ A. if   B. how           C. what            D. that ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗因为做的是do的宾语, 只能是what如果原句改为I wonder ( )to do about it.就应该是用how ‎〖02上海〗There’s a feeling in me  _______we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever. A. that          B. which         C. of which         D. what 〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗同位语从句that we’ll never know what a UFO is—not ever作a feeling的同位语, 解释a feeling的具体内容。that连接同位语从句时, 只起连接作用不作从句的任何成分。译文：我有一个这样的感觉, 我们不会知道什么是UFO——永远不会。答案为A。‎ ‎〖02上海〗Perseverance is a kind of quality --- and that’s ______ it takes to do anything well.‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. which D. why ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗这是一个表语从句, what 在表语从句中作 他可是的宾语。构成It takes sth to do sth 的句型。译文：坚定不移是一种品质---坚定不移使人们做好任何事情。‎ ‎〖03北京春〗--- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game? --- Oh, that’s _________.    A. what makes me feel excited          B. whatever I feel excited about  ‎ C. how I feel about it                        D. when I feel excited ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗此题考查what 引导表语从句, 在表语从句中作主语。 〖02上海春〗_______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. ‎ A. What                B. That                C. This                D. Which 〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗这是一个含有主语从句的句子。因为主语从句是一个完整的句子, 不缺少主语或宾语。所以要填That。译文：国与国之间的时装差异可以从一个方面反映出其文化的差异。答案为B。‎ ‎〖02上海春〗There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _________ road conditions need_________.‎ A. that ...to be improved                B. which...to be improved  ‎ C. where ...improving                D .when...improving ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗 因为先行词在从句中不作任何成份, 因此用关系词that, 故B、C、D均不正确。对于第2个空, need既可作实义动词, 又可作情态动词。作实义动词时后跟动词不定式, 即need to do sth, 另外 road conditions与improve之间是被动关系, 因此是need to be improved(need to be done=need doing)。译文：私家车受欢迎所涉及到的新问题是道路状况需要改善。答案为A。 ‎ ‎〖01NMET〗A computer can only do ______ you have introduced it to do. A. how                  B. after                 C. what                 D. when  ‎ ‎〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗这是宾语从句, 宾语从句中to do 缺少宾语, 所以要选择what. 〖01上海春〗Little Tom was reluctant to tell the school master________he had done the day before.       ‎ A. that B. how. C. where D. what ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗宾语从句中he had done后缺少宾语, 所以要填what。这句话的意思是“小汤姆不愿意告诉他的校长前一天他做了什么。”答案选D。 〖01上海〗Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.‎ A. while                 B. that                C. when                D. as 〖答案〗B ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗这是一个同位语从句。that引导从句作information的同位语, 解释information的具体内容。注意：that和what引导名词性从句(主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句)的区别：that引导名词性从句, 只起引导作用,‎ ‎ 在从句中不作成分。that引导宾语从句时, that可省略, 而在其他三个从句中, that虽不作成份, 一般也不省略；what在这四个名词从句中一定作成分, 作主语、宾语、表语或补语。译文：有消息说, 更多的中学毕业生将进入大学。答案为B。‎ ‎〖01上海春〗What the doctors really doubt is _____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when                  B. how                C. whether                D. why 〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗这是一个表语从句。根据doubt一词可知, 所怀疑的应是是否能治好病, 所以要填whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能从重病中很快康复。”答案选C。‎ ‎〖00上海〗_____she couldn’t understand was _______fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What...why            B. That...what               C. What...because             D. Why...that 〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句和表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗主语从句she couldn’t understand缺少宾语, 要用What引导。表语从句fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons是一个完整的句子, 要用why引导, 意思是“为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣”。答案选A。‎ ‎〖00上海〗Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see  ________              . A. who is he            B. who he is              C. who is it             D. who it is ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查宾语从句语序和代词。‎ ‎〖解析〗see后接who引导的应是宾语从句, 要用陈述句的语序。如果我们所谈到的那个人在我们心中不清楚是男是女时, 要用it来代指。答案选D。‎ ‎〖00上海〗Greenland, ________island in the world, covers over two million square kilometres. A. it is the largest           B. that is the largest            C. is the largest          D.the largest ‎〖答案〗D ‎〖考点〗考查同位语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗有些考生把这个句子理解成了定语从句, 误选了选项B。如果这是非限制性定语从句, 必须用关系代词which引导, 而不用that, 即which is the largest islad in the world。实际上, the largest island in the world作Greenland的同位语。答案选D。 ‎ ‎〖00上海〗_______ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.     A. What; why           B. That; what          C. What; because          D. Why; that ‎〖答案〗A ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句和表语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗主语从句she couldn’t understand 缺少宾语, 要用what 引导。表语从句fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons 是一个完整的句子, 要用why 引导。译文：为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣。故选A. [注]：有时为了保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语, 放句首, 用what连接的主语从句作真正主语放句末。‎ ‎〖00上海〗It’s pretty well understood _____ controls the flow of carbon dioxidein and out the atmosphere today. A. that           B. when          C. what           D. how 〖答案〗C ‎〖考点〗考查主语从句。‎ ‎〖解析〗What引导主语从句, what在从句中作主语。‎ 十年高考【2000-2010】英语分类汇编----名词性从句 考 点 解 析 ‎【考点定位】 2011考纲解读和近几年考点分布 高考研究名词性从句是英语中比较复杂的结构，既涉及词汇的用法，也涉及句法结构，是整个高中阶段英语学习的重点和难点之一。在学习名词性从句时，应注意从以下几个方面入手：一是要熟悉句子的各种成分，尤其是主语、宾语、表语、同位语的特点；二是要掌握引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词的分类及用法(that，if，whether的用法区别)；三是要注意名词性从句中的特殊情况(that的省略，语序问题，时态问题，语气问题)；四是要注意疑问连接词what，when，where等引导名词性从句不表示疑问的情况；五是要注意whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever等引导从句的用法。特别需要注意的是要掌握it替代从句的用法。‎ ‎【考点PK】 名师考点透析 考点1 主语从句 引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether；‎ 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；‎ 连接副词when，where，why，how等。‎ ‎1．连接词that，whether引导 ‎①That the college wiU take in more new students this year is true．今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。‎ ‎②Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance．他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。‎ 特别提示 ‎(1)if不能引导主语从句。[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ ‎(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：‎ A．It+系动词+形容词+that从句。如：‎ It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure．很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。‎ B．It+系动词+名词+that从句。如：‎ It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace．我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。‎ C．It+be+v．ed形式+that从句。如：‎ It is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out．据宣布计划已经顺利实施。‎ ‎2．连接代词引导 ‎①What we can’t get seems better than what we already have．我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。‎ ‎②who the letter was from is still unknown．这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。‎ ‎③Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize．你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。‎ ‎3．连接副词引导 ‎①How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is unclear．针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。‎ ‎②why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery．恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。‎ 考点2 宾语从句 引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether，if等，连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词when，where，why，how等。‎ ‎1．连接词that，whether，if引导 ‎①I think(that)you should turn to the teacher for help．我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。‎ ‎②I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。‎ 特别提示 whether/if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。‎ ‎(1)与or not紧接连用时。如：‎ Let me knoW whether or not you can come．请让我知道你是否能来。‎ ‎(2)作介词的宾语从句时。如：‎ We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting．我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。‎ ‎2．连接代词和连接副词引导 连接代词有what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词有when，where，why，how等。如：‎ ‎①She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class．她问我班上谁的书法最好。‎ ‎②I’11 just say whatever comes into my mind．我想到什么就说什么。‎ ‎③Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began?你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?‎ ‎④I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting．我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。‎ ‎3．宾语从句的语序 在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。如：‎ ‎①He asked me when we could set out the next day．他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。‎ ‎②Did you find out where she lost her car?你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?‎ ‎4．宾语从句的时态 ‎(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。如：‎ ‎①She says(that)she works from Monday to Friday．她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)‎ ‎②she says(that)she will leave a message on his desk．她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)‎ ‎③She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei．她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)‎ ‎(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。如：‎ ‎①He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon．他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)‎ ‎②He said that he was going to take care of the baby．他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)‎ ‎③He said that they were having a meeting at that time．他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)‎ ‎(3)当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。如：‎ ‎①The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it．老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。‎ ‎②He said that light travels much faster than sound．他说光比声音传播得快。‎ 特别提示 在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：‎ ‎(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。如：‎ ‎①I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day．我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。‎ ‎②I have made it a rule that I keep diaries．我每天写日记成了惯例。‎ ‎(2)hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to表示“注意，留意”后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。如：‎ ‎①I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food．我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。‎ ‎②When you start the engine，you must see to it that the car is in neutral．启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。‎ ‎(3)介词后的宾语从句。如：‎ ‎①She is always thinking of how she can do more for others．她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。‎ ‎②We are talking about whether we admit students into our club．我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。‎ ‎(4)宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯 定式。如：‎ ‎①I don’t think I know you．我想我并不认识你。‎ ‎②I don’t believe he will come．我相信他不回来。‎ 考点3 表语从句 常由连接词that，whether；连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，how，why引导。‎ ‎1．连接词引导 ‎①The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informed．他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。‎ ‎②The question remains whether they will be able to help us．问题还是他们能否帮我们。‎ ‎2．连接代词和连接副词引导 ‎①The problem is who will take charge of this shop．问题是谁将接管这家店铺。‎ ‎②That is when I realized the importance of journalism．那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。‎ 特别提示 ‎(1)as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，‎ 如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。如：‎ ‎①It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door．听上去好像有人在敲门。‎ ‎②At that time，it seemed as though I couldn’t think of the right word．当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。‎ ‎(2)当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reason why…is that…。如：The reason why he came late was that he got up late．他来得晚是因为起床晚了。‎ 考点4 同位语从句 同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，‎ order等。‎ ‎1．通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词义，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意从句用陈述句语序。如：‎ ‎①They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again．他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。‎ ‎②I have no idea that she quit her present job．我不知道她辞掉了现在的工作。‎ ‎③Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening．答应我，你今天晚上会来参加我们的聚会。‎ ‎2．同位语从句还可以用whether，when，where，why，how等引导。如：‎ ‎①The student asked me the question whether the book Was worth reading．学生问了我这个问题：这本书是否值得一读。‎ ‎②I have no idea why he was excited at that time．我不知道当时他激动的原因。 ．‎ 考点5 名词性从句需要注意的事项 ‎1．that的用法。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中that一般不能够省略；在宾语从句中有时可以省略，一般需要注意下面两点：‎ ‎(1)当that从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：They share little in common except that they are from the same country．除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。‎ ‎(2)当主句谓语动词后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他的不省略。如：‎ I believe(that)you’ve done your best and that things will improve．我相信你已经尽力了，而且情况也会得到改善。‎ ‎2．that与what的区别。that在从句中不能够充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语，意思是”什么，……的事情”。如：‎ ‎①The hope that he may recover is not gone yet．他会康复的希望没有消失。(that不充当成分，也无含义)‎ ‎②Wht he said proved to be true．他所说的话证明是正确的。(what作said的宾语，可以翻译为“……的话”)‎ ‎3．定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如：‎ ‎①The news that our team has won the game Was true．我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句，补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)‎ ‎②The news that he told me yesterday Was true．昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句，news在从句中作told的宾语)‎ ‎③I made a promise that if anyone set me free 1 would make him very rich．我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。‎ ‎(同位语从句，补充说明promise的内容)‎ ‎④The mother made a promise that pleased all her children．妈妈许下了一个令她的孩子们高兴的诺言。(定语从句，promise在从句中作pleased的主语)‎ ‎【考点汇总】 知识点归纳小结 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。‎ 引导名词性从句的连词可分为三类：‎ ①that（不充当从句的任何成分，无词义。只起连接作用，因此往往可以省略。）‎ whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分，均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。）‎ as if,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）‎ ②what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which ③when, where, how, why Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.谁擦的黑板还不知道。‎ What he said is not true.他说的不是实话 That he’ll come to see us is really great.他来看我们真是太好啦。‎ I don’t know why he is absent.我不知道为什么他不在。‎ The question is whether he will join us next time.问题是下次他是否跟我们一起干。‎ It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。‎ ‎1.主语从句 ‎①由从属连词引导的主语从句：‎ Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss. ‎ 那个国家是否应该建立核电站……‎ That light travels in straight line is known to all .光以直线传播 ‎②由连接代词引导的主语从句：‎ What we need is more time. 我们所需要的是……‎ Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.无论你选哪本书……‎ Whoever comes will be welcome.无论谁来……‎ ‎③由连接副词引导的主语从句：‎ When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced.飞机什么时候起飞……‎ Where he has been is still a puzzle.他到过哪儿……‎ How much water is flowing can be measured easily.水的流量是多少……‎ ④关于形式主语 it ‎▲It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that… 有必要……‎ ‎ It is important that…重要的是……‎ ‎ It is obvious that…很明显…… ‎ It is likely that….很可能 ‎▲It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that…人们相信…… It is known to all that…众所周知……‎ ‎（注意该句型的变式：It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun.=As is known to all,the earth goes around the sun.=What is known to all is that the earth goes around the sun.） It has been decided that…已决定……‎ ‎▲It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that…事实是……‎ 可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question/pity等。‎ ‎▲It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that…似乎…… It happens that…碰巧…… It occurred to me that…我突然想起……‎ It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not. ‎ ‎2.表语从句 可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem等等。‎ The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.‎ ‎……数百万人死于由抽烟引起的疾病 The question remains whether we can win the game…..我们是否能赢得这次比赛 ‎ That’s just what I want. ……我想要的 This is where our problem lies. ……我们的问题所在 The difficulty is how we can help smokers kick their habit……我们如何帮助吸烟的人……‎ 注意：‎ ①表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词，连接代词和连接副词引导以外，还可以由as, as if，as though引导 Things were not as they seemed.‎ It looks as though it is going to rain.好象要下雨了。‎ ②另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构：The reason why…is that … (而不用 because)‎ It ( This, That ) is because…‎ The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard. 他为什么被开除是因为他工作不努力。‎ It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.‎ ‎3.同位语从句 同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名词的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。‎ The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 登陆月球…….‎ I have no idea when he will be back. ……什么时候回来 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill……Mary也许病了 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.……是否同意 ‎4.宾语从句 宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语，介词的宾语，某些形容词的宾语以及非谓语动词的宾语。‎ ①及物动词后的宾语从句：‎ She will give whoever needs help a warm support……任何需要帮助的人……‎ I wonder why she refused my invitation……她为什么拒绝了我的邀请 ②介词后的宾语从句：‎ I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.我总是在思考如何提高我的口语水平。‎ The teacher is satisfied with what she has said. 老师对他所说的话很满意。‎ ③某些形容词后的宾语从句：‎ I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.‎ ‎……通过努力工作，你将取得更大的进步 We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us…….他没有告别就走了 ④非谓语动词后的宾语从句：‎ Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing. ‎ On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he answered “Terrible ”. ‎ ⑤关于形式宾语it We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished. ‎ 我们必须清楚任何违犯法律的人都将受到惩罚。‎ I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.我发现我们有必要征求他的意见。 ‎ ‎5.名词性从句重难点 ‎①在名词性从句中，疑问句要用陈述句的语序。例如：‎ ‎▲Can you make sure ____the gold ring ？‎ A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put ‎ C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put ‎▲You can't imagine __when they received these nice Christmas presents.‎ A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited ‎②动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中，其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词；用在肯定句中，连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用that。‎ Do you doubt that he will win ?‎ I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong . ‎ He doubt whether I know it . ‎ ‎③ 否定转移问题。‎ ‎▲将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等动词后面跟宾语从句时否定转移 I don't think I know you.　我想我并不认识你。 　 I don' t believe he will come.　我相信他不回来。‎ We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ? 注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。 　‎ ‎ I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。 ▲将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移　 It doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看来他们不知道往哪去。 　 It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。 ‎ ‎④主谓一致问题。‎ What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world．‎ What I bought were three English books．‎ ⑤语气问题 ‎▲在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，that从句常用“should+ 动词原形”的结构 I suggest we (should) set off at once. 我建议我们应该立刻出发。‎ ‎▲在It is ＋过去分词＋that的主语从句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested， required等。 ‎ It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening． ‎ ‎▲在表语从句或同位语从句中 ‎ The suggestion that the mayor (should) present the prizes was accepted by everyone． ‎ ‎▲在It is（was）＋形容词＋that从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should ＋）动词原形，表示建议或不满、惊奇等情绪。常用于此类的形容词有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。 ‎ It is necessary that a college student ____at least a foreign language．（上海1993） ‎ A.masters B.should master C.mastered D.will master ‎ ⑥What引导名词从句的特殊含义:‎ ‎▲What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．‎ ‎(what为“所……的事”，相当于“the thing that…；all that…；everything that…”)‎ ‎▲After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．（M ET'93） ‎ A.what B.when C.that D.which ‎ ‎(what相当于“the time that”，表示“……时间”)‎ ‎▲He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？‎ ‎(what表示“……的人”，相当于“the person that…”)‎ ‎▲What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world．‎ ‎(what表示“……的地方”，相当于“the place that…”)‎ ‎▲Our income is now double what it was ten years ago ‎(what表示“……的数目”，相当于“the amount ／number that…”)‎ ⑦不可省略的连词：‎ ‎▲介词后的连词不可省略 Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say.‎ 下楼之前，我已经把我要说的认真准备好了。‎ ‎▲引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略 That she was chosen made us very happy.她被选上了，我们很高兴。‎ We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。‎ ‎▲宾语从句有多个that引导时，从第二个及其后面的that不能省略 ‎ I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better．‎ ⑧比较：whether 与 if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：‎ ‎▲whether 引导主语从句在句首 Whether she comes or not doesn’t concern me .她是否来与我无关。‎ ‎▲引导表语从句 ‎ His first question was whether she had arrived yet. 他问第一个问题就是她来了没有。‎ ‎▲引导同位语从句 ‎ Answer my question whether you are coming.回答我你是否来的问题。‎ ‎▲whether 从句作介词宾语 ‎ I worry about whether I hurt her feeling .我担心是否伤了她的感情。‎ ‎▲与or not连在一起 ‎ I don’t know whether or not he is going to Japan.我不知道他是否去日本。‎ ‎ 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it 充当形式主语。例如：‎ ‎ It is not important who will go. 谁去，这不重要。‎ ‎ It is still unknown which team will win the match. 到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗。‎