2010中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级上Unit2

2010中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级上Unit2

2010 中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级上 Unit 2 What's the matter? 【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语 1. have/ catch a cold=have got a cold 感冒 2.a sore back/throat 背(咽喉)痛 3. have a stomachache 胃痛 4. lie down and rest 躺下休息 5. see a dentist 看牙医 6. drink lots of water 多喝水 7. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 8. a good idea 好主意. 9. stressed out 筋疲力尽 10. a healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 11. traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医医生 12. a balance of yin and yang 阴阳调和 13. too much yin 阴气太盛 14. a balanced diet 饮食平衡 15. healthy/yin/yang food 健康(阴性，阳性)食品 16. at the moment = now 此刻 17. enjoy oneself = have a good time =have fun =have a wonderful time 玩得高兴,过得愉快 19. host family 寄宿家庭 20. conversation practice 会话练习 21. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事， II. 重要句型 1.like doing sth 喜欢做某事， 2. practise doing sth. 练习做某事, 3. mind doing sth. 介意做某事， 4. finish doing sth. 完成某事, 5. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事, 6. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事. 7.can’t stand doing sth.忍不住做某事 8. have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快 即：practice, mind, finish, give up, keep, can’t stand, have fun 等与 enjoy 用法相似。 III. 交际用语 询问别人如何感觉 A: What's the matter?(怎么了？) B: I'm not feeling well.(我感觉不舒服。)I have a cold.(我感冒了。) A: When did it start?(什么时候开始的？) B: About two days ago.(大约两天前开始的。) A: Oh, that's too bad.(哦，这很糟糕。)You should lie down and rest.(你应 该躺下休息。) B: Yes, I think so.(是的，我是这么认为的。) A: I hope you feel better soon.(祝你早日康复。) IV. 重要语法 情态动词 【课文解析】 You must do the work with more care．你工作要再细心些。 Maybe 与 may be maybe 连在一起是副词，意为“可能，也许，大概”，在句中作状语，通常置于句首，也可以放在谓语 动词之前；may be 分写是“情态动词+动词原形”的形式，在旬中作谓语。 一 Is that true?那是真的吗? 一 Maybe，I'm not sure．也许(可能)是，我说不准。 He may be eighteen．他可能 18 岁了。 Maybe your book is at home．也许你的书在家里。 The book may be in the desk．那本书可能在课桌里。 I am not feeling well.我觉得不舒服。 I'm not feeling well．是病人回答医生或回答他人询问病情时常用的回答方式之一，意为“我感到不舒 服”。I am not feeling well 也可以说成 I don't feel well8 类似的答语还有： I feel terrible．我感到不舒服。 I feel m．我感觉生病了。 I feel even worse．我感到更糟糕了。 feel 在该句中为系动词，意为“觉得，感觉”。 He feels comfortable．他觉得很舒服。 I feel cold／hungry．我感到 9／觉得饿。 start to do 和 start doing 都表示“开始做某事”，但是在以下三种情况中用 start to do 而不用 start doing。 (1)主语是物而不是人时。 The ice started 幻 melt．冰开始融化了。 (2)start 本身为-ing 形式时。 He is just starting to write the letter．他刚刚开始写那封信。 (3)其后的动词与想法、感情有关时。 She started to understand it．她开始明白这件事。 That's too bad．是人们对于对方或者自己的不幸、不理想的 结果抱有可惜的一种感情流露，意为“太可惜(糟糕，不幸)了。”通常用于口语中。 That's too bad．I can't catch the train．I have to go there tomorrow．太糟糕了，我赶不上火车了，我只好明 天去那里了。 一 I failed the exam again this time．这次考试我又没及格。 —That's too bad．You should work harder at your lessons．真可惜，你应当更加努力地学习功课。 so 常常与动词、形容词等连用，以避免重复。常用的动词有 say，speak，tell，hope，believe，do 等；形 容词有 afraid 等。 一 I failed the math exam．Really?我数学考试没有及格，真的吗? 一 I'm afraid so．恐怕是这样。 其形容词是 ill(病的，生病的)，其反义词是 health(健康)。 illnesses of children 儿童所得的各种疾病 Some children are away from school because of illness．一些孩子因病不能来上学。 advice 是名词，表示“建议”，属不可数名词。 Please give us some advice．请给我们出些主意。 She gave me some advice on how to learn English．她向我提出了如何学习英语的建议。 take sb．’s advice 接受某人的建议 ask for sb．’s advice 征求某人的意见 healthy 与 health 二者词性不同，因此用法就不同。 (1)health 为名词，意为“健康(状态)”，其反义词是 i11ness。通常作宾语。 She is in good health．她身体健康。 Drinking milk is good for your health．喝牛奶有益于你的身体健康。 (2)healthy 是形容词，意为“健康的”，其反义词是 unhealthy。在句中作定语或表语。 My wife had a healthy baby just now．我太太刚生了个健康的宝宝。 Too much， much too 与 too many 三者均是含有副词 too 的短语，但其用法不同。 (1)too much 和 much too 样子很相似，但是用法不同。Too much 后接不可数名词，意为“太多”；much too 后跟形容词或副词，意为“太……”。 There is too much noise in the classroom．教室里太吵。 The book is much too dear．这本书太贵。 (2)too many 的中心词是 many，too’是修饰语，因此该短语是形容词短语，常用来修饰名词复数。 There are too many old books in the library．图书馆里旧书太多。 Also, too 与 either 三者都表示“也”。但是用法有区别。 (1)too 用于肯定句，置于旬末，前面加逗号；也可以用在句中，前后都加逗号。 (2)also 含较庄重的色彩，通常置于 be 等助动词后，实义动词前。 He likes English，too．=He，too，likes English．他也喜欢英语。 She is rich，and she is also selfish．她很富有，也很自私。 She also learns English．她也学英语。 (3)either 用于否定句，置于句末，并用逗号隔开。 He is not there，either．他也不在那儿。 For example 与 like (1)for example 意为“例如”，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 Tom is a good bey．For example．he often helps Granny Li do housework．汤姆是个好男孩。比如他常帮李 奶奶做家务。 (2)like 也常用作举例，但其后常接名词或代词。 Some warm-blooded animals，like the cat and the dog，don't need to hibernate．一些温血动物，像猫和狗， 不需要冬眠。 Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is alos good for this.吃党参和黄芪也对此有好处。 此句中的 Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs 作主语，是动名词短语，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式， 故 be 动词用 is。 stressed out 是一个形容词短语，此处作表语。stressed 由动词 stress 而来，它是 8tress 的过去分词，stress 意为“加压力”。 在英语中，有部分动词的过去分词已演变为形容词，常见的如：interest(使……感兴趣) interested， worry(担忧) wortied，relax(放松)relaxed，excite(使……兴奋)--~excited，lose(丢失)---,lost， amazing(使……惊奇)--,amazed。这类形容词往往用来说明人的情绪。 We are relaxed on weekends．周末我们可以放松一下。 They Were amazed to hear the news．听到这消息他们很惊讶。 The children were very excited when they。aw so many animals in the zoo．在动物园里看到如此多的动物， 孩子们十分兴奋。 这是由 and 连接的并列句，在两个句子中，都用 It's+adj+to do sth．句型，意为“做某事是……的”。It 是 形式主语，to do sth 真正的主语。若表示“某人做……是……的”，则用 It's+adj+for sb．+to do sth． It's dangerous to play on the read．在马路上玩耍是很危险的。 这几个词均为名词的修饰语，用来表示名词的量，但含义有所不同。 (1)few 修饰复数名词，具有否定意义。 The animal is ugly，and few people like it．这个动物很丑，几乎没有人喜欢它。 (2)a few 用来修饰复数名词，意为“几个，数个”，具有肯定意义。 There are a few elephants in the zoo．They are so big．动物园里有几头大象，它们真大。 (3)little 具有否定意义，意为“很少，几乎无”，用来修饰不可数名词。 There is little milk in the glass．杯子里几乎没有牛奶了。 (4)a little 具有肯定意义，意为“一些”，用来修饰不可数名词。 I call speak English well．but I Can speak a little Japanese．我英语说得很好，但日语仅会讲一点儿。 情态动词有自己的词汇意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所 说的话的态度和看法。情态动词后跟动词原形，无人称和数的变化。 那儿看见他了。 5．need 主要用在否定旬和疑问句中，表示“必要”。 You needn't take anything with you.你们不必带任何东西去。 6．have to 表示由客观条件决定而不得不做某事，意为“必须。不得不”。与其他情态动词不同的是：在一 般现在时中，它有人称和数的变化，而在否定、疑问结构中，使用助动词 does 或 do。 We have to stay at home today．because it's raining so hard．因为雨下得这么大，今天我们只好待在家里了。 The girl has to walk to school every day．这个女孩每天得步行去上学。 【中考连线】 单元测试 听力测试二(20 分) A．One day． B．Two days． C．Three days． ( )14．Where should he go? A．To the school． B．To the hospital． C．To his home． ( )15．What shouldn’t he eat? A．Anything． B．Sweet(甜的)food． C．Rice． Ⅳ．听短文，根据短文内容填空(5 分) 16．Jack _________ in China with his _________． 17．He’s in Grade _________．Miss Zhuang is his _________． 18．He loves _________ China． 19．He learned about Chinese _________ and Chinese 20．He likes _________ _________ best． 笔试部分(80 分) Ⅰ．单项选择(15 分) ( )1．What’s _________ you，my boy? A．the matter with B．matter with C．the matter to D．matter of ( )2．It’s important to _________． A．stay health B．keep healthy C．keep health D．keep in health ( )3．I think you should drink _________． A．hot tea of honey B．hot honey tea C．hot tea with honey D．hot honey of tea ( )4．There’s _________ food．That’s _________ nice． A．too much；too much B．much too；much too C．much too；too much D．too much；much too ( )5．I’m sorry，Mr Wang isn’t in _________． A．at moment B．in a moment C．at the moment D．for a moment ( )6．Why are you _________ and angry? A．stressed out B．stress C．stress out D．stressing out ( )7．He shouldn’t eat _________ for 20 hours． A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing ( )8．When did you _________ the medicine? A．take B．have C．has D．drink ( )9．The little girl has only _________ pen friends． A．a little B．little C．few D．a few ( )10．—How are you?—I’m not _________． A．good B．well C．nice D．right ( )11．—What’s the matter with you? —I had _________ bad cold and had to stay in _________ bed． A．a；/ B．a；the C．a；a D．the；the ( )12．Maybe she should _________ an old dentist． A．visits B．see C．watching D．look ( )13．You have too much yang in your life，you shouldn’t eat lots of yang food． A．because B．so C．but D．although ( )14．_________ fruits is _________ good for you． A．Eat；too B．Eating；either C．Eat；also D．Eating；also ( )15．The food _________ beef or lamb can give _________ more energy． A．like；you B．likes；you C．like；your D．likes；your Ⅱ．完形填空(10 分) Will it matter if you don’t take your 1 ?A short time ago，a test was given in the United States．People of different 2 ，from 12 to 83，were asked to have a test．During the test，these people were given all kinds of breakfasts，and sometimes they got 3 breakfast at all．Scientists wanted 4 how well their bodies worked when they had eaten different kinds of breakfasts． The results show that if a person eats a right breakfast，he or she will work 5 than if he or she has no breakfast．If a student has fruit，eggs，bread and milk 6 going to school，he 7 more quickly and listen 8 in class． The result is opposite to 9 some people think．Having no breakfast will not help you lose weight(减 肥)．This is because people become so 10 at noon that they eat too much for lunch．They will gain weight(增 肥)instead of losing it． ( )1．A．dinner B．supper C．breakfast D．lunch ( )2．A．work B．places C．habits D．age ( )3．A．no B．some C．a little D．not ( )4．A．to know B．knowing C．to see D．seeing ( )5．A．harder B．better C．quickly D．well ( )6．A．when B．while C．after D．before ( )7．A．will learn B．learns C．learnt D．is learning ( )8．A．more carefully B．carefully C．most careful D．more careful ( )9．A．that B．what C．why D．how ( )10．A．angry B．happy C．hungry D．tired Ⅲ．阅读理解(20 分) A Frederick was ill and went to the hospital．A doctor looked him over and said，“Well，Mr Green，you’re going to get some injections ， and you’ll feel much better ． A nurse will come and give you the first this evening，and then you’ll have to get another one tomorrow evening．”In the evening a young nurse came to Frederick’s bed and said to him，“I’m going to give you your first injection now，Mr Green．Where do you want it?” The old man was surprised．He looked at the nurse for a while，then he said，“Nobody has ever let me choose that before．Are you really going to let me choose now?” “Yes，Mr Green，”the nurse answered．She was in a hurry，“Where do you want it?” “Well，then，”the old man answered with a smile．“I want it in your left arm，please．” ( )1．What is the meaning of the underlined phrase“looked over”? A．照料 B．寻找 C．检查 D．打量 ( )2．How many persons are there in the story? A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five ( )3．From the passage，we know the old man is A．badly ill B．healthy C．like a child D．slightly(轻微的)ill ( )4．Mr Green has to _________ to be better． A．have some medicine B．have some rest C．take some injections D．do some sports ( )5．How often does Mr Green have to get injections? A．Twice a day． B．Once a day． C．Two． D．In the evening． B Mr Hunt had a bookshop near a hospital．But he never went to see a doctor when he was ill．He usually just took some medicine．One day，when Mr Hunt carried a box of books in his hands，the box fell down and hurt one of his feet． “Go to see a doctor．”said Mrs Hunt． “No．”he said．“I’ll wait until a doctor comes here next time．Then I’ll ask him about my foot．This way I’ll pay( 支 付 )nothing to him ． ” A few days later ， a doctor came into the shop and bought some books．When Mr Hunt got the books ready，he asked the doctor about his foot．The doctor answered him at once． “Here are your books，sir，”said Mr Hunt．“You must pay two pounds for them．” “I’ll pay nothing for them．” “Oh，what?” “I told you about your foot．I want two pounds for that．Bye．” ( )6．Mr Hunt is a _________． A．worker B．driver C．bookseller D．farmer ( )7．Mr Hunt usually just took some medicine，because _________． A．he was also a doctor B．he didn’t know any doctors C．he lived far from the hospital D．he wanted to pay nothing to doctors ( )8．Mr Hunt wanted to _________． A．be friends with a doctor B．wait for a doctor coming into his shop C．give a doctor some books D．show some books to a doctor ( )9．The doctor came into the shop to _________． A．buy some books B．look at Mr Hunt’s foot C．answer Mr Hunt’s question D．pay for some books ( )10．At last，_________． A．the doctor paid two pounds for the books B．the doctor paid nothing C．Mr Hunt paid two pounds to the doctor D．the doctor didn’t help Mr Hunt Ⅳ．根据句意和首字母完成单词(5 分) 1．I b_________ it’s important to sleep eight hours a night． 2．Don’t get s _________ out．It’s not healthy． 3．I won’t go to bed u_________ my mother comes back． 4．He is stressed out because his English isn’t i_________． 5．If you want to speak good English，you should have some conversation p_________． Ⅴ．用所给的单词适当形式填空(5 分) 1．It’s important for us _________ (eat)a balanced diet． 2．_________ (tradition)Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy． 3．I’m sorry _________ (hear)that． 4．I won’t leave until our teacher _________ (come) back． 5．What’s the matter with _________ (Tony)little brother? Ⅵ．同义句转换(5 分) 1．What’s wrong with Tina? What’s _________ _________ _________ with Tina? 2．It’s better for you to drink lots of water． It’s better for you to drink _________ _________ water． 3．She shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours． She _________ eat _________ for 24 hours． 4．Adam should lie down and rest． Adam should lie down and _________ _________ _________． 5．Maybe Edward will not come． Edward _________ _________ come． Ⅶ．根据汉语完成句子(5 分) 1．牛奶能帮助你保持健康的身体。 Milk can _________ you _________ have a healthy body． 2．我爸爸告诉我要好好学习英语。 My father _________ me _________ study English well． 3．我妈妈说我应该晚饭尽量少吃肉。 My mom said that I should _________ eat less meat for dinner． 4．不要太疲劳，不然会使你生病的。 Don’t _________ too tired．Or it will _________ you sick． 5．我相信每天晚上 8 个小时的睡眠很重要。 I believe that it’s _________ _________ sleep 8 hours each night． Ⅷ．书面表达(15 分) 你们班学生 Elise 通过平时观察发现班里存在一些不利于同学身心健康的事(见下表)。请你作为班主 任写封信就这些问题提出解决方法。(80 词左右) the windows are closed all day air isn’t fresh too much homework No time to play Too many tests Worried a lot Dear_________, __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________ 参考答案 听力测试二 Ⅰ．1．I have a sore throat． 2．I am stressed out． 3．How are you feeling now? 4．I can’t sleep at night if I don’t study． 5．Do you think I have a cold，doctor? Ⅱ．6．My uncle writes to me． 7．Mrs Green sings Well，but her husband doesn’t． 8．What’s the matter? 9．I have a sore back． 10．You shouldn’t go outside． Ⅲ．M：Is everyone here today? W：No，Li Lei isn’t here． M：What’s the matter with him? W：Oh，he has a bad toothache． M：I’m sorry to hear that．When did it start? W：Two day ago． M：Where should he go? W：He should go to the dentist．I don’t think he should eat sweet things any more． M：I think so． Ⅳ．I’m Jack．I’m in China with my family．I’m in Grade Eight．My teacher is Miss Zhuang．I love learning about China．I have learned lots of things．I learned about Chinese festivals，like the Spring Festival and Children’s Day．I like Children’s Day best．I learned about Chinese food，like jiaozi and toufu．They are very interesting． Ⅰ．1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A Ⅱ．6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B Ⅲ．11．A 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．B Ⅳ．16．lives，family 17．Eight，teacher 18．1earning about 19．festivals，food 20．Children’s Day 笔试部分 Ⅰ．1．A 解析：What’s the matter with…?固定句型。 2．B 解析：keep healthy 为系表结构，意为“保持健康”。 3．C 解析：hot tea with honey 意为“加蜂蜜的热茶”。 4．D 解析：too much 修饰不可数名词，much too 修饰形容词或副词。 5．C 解析：at the moment“此刻”，固定短语。 6．A 解析：前有系动词 are，其后应该用 stress 的形容词形式 stressed。 7．B 解析：anything 常用于否定句或疑问句中。 8．A 解析：take medicine 意思是“服药；吃药”。 9．D 解析：only 后接 a few 或 a little，而 friends 为可数名词。 10．B 解析：well 用作形容词，意指“身体好”。 11．A 解析：have a bad cold“患重感冒”；stay in bed“待在床上”。 12．B 解析：本题考查习惯搭配。“看医生”，应用动词 see。 13．B 解析：because 因为，引导原因状语从句；so 所以，连接并列句，表结果；but 但是，表示 转折，连接并列句；although 虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句，由句意可知应选 B。 14．D 解析：首先，动词原形不能作主语，必须用动名词作主语，其次，too，either，also 皆为 “也”，但 too 多用于句末；either 则用于否定句的句末；also 可用牙句中。由此应选 D。 15．A 解析：like 此处是介词，无 likes 形式。give sb．sth．给某人某物，sb．应为代词宾格。 Ⅱ．1．C 解析：通看全文，中心话题是 The importance of eating breakfast．因此在开篇提出的设问应该 是：不吃早饭有影响吗?答案选 C。 2．D 解析：from 12 to 83 对本空进行补充说明，数字表示的应是年龄，故选 D。 3．A 解析：at all 用在否定句末，起强调作用；not 是副词，不能修饰名词。 4．A 解析：want 后接 to do sth，意为“想做某事”，根据语境应选 A，意为“想了解”。 5．B 解析：空格后的 than 提示应用比较级形式，所以排除 C、D 两项；这里 work 是指“吃了早 餐的人们的身体各个器官的功能怎样”。所以应选比较级“better”，work harder 是指“人更努 力工作”。 6．D 解析：本句是对上句的进一步说明，强调“上学前”吃早餐的益处，答案选 D。 7．A 解析：条件状语从句中用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，表示“可能会发生的事情”， 所以选 A。 8．A 解析：and 连接两个并列的成分，所以应用比较级，修饰动词 listen 应用副词形式，所以选 A。 9．B 解析：what=that(先行词)which(关系代词)，引出定语从句 some people think，共同作介词 to 的宾语，译成“……所……的”。 10．C 解析：上文说“不吃早餐并不会有助于减肥，这是因为……”，由此可知句中的 people 指 的是不吃早餐的人，到了中午，他们就会感到饿而吃得更多，所以选 C。其余几项与后面提到 的“午餐时会吃得更多”没有必然联系。 Ⅲ．1．C 解析：遇到这个问题先问自己：What does a doctor do with his patient first?由此答案选 C。 2．B 解析：文中出现了 Frederick 即 Mr Green or the old man，a doctor and a nurse 三个人。由此答 案选 B。 3．D 解析：通读全文，判断答案选 D。 4．C 解析：从第一段原文：…you’re going to get some injections，and you’ll feel much better．可知 选 C。 5．B 解析：第一段原文：…give you the first this evening，and then you’ll have to get another one tomorrow evening．由此判断答案选 B。 6．C 解析：由第一句 Mr Hunt had a bookshop 得知。 7．D 解析：由文中 This way I’ll pay nothing to him．得知 8．B 解析：由 Hunt 先生本人说的话可知他想要等到医生来他的书店。 9．A 解析：由文中 a doctor came into the shop and bought some books 得知。 10．B 解析：最后，医生说读书的两英镑与 Hunt 先生的医疗咨询费相抵了。 Ⅳ．1．believe 2．stressed 3．until 4．improving 5．practice Ⅴ．1．to eat 解析：动词不定式作 主语。 2．Traditional 解析：修饰名词 doctors 应用形容词形式。 3．to hear 解析：形容词之后用动词不定式。 4．comes 解析：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 5．Tony’s 解析：“Tony 的”应用名词所有格。 Ⅵ．1．the matter 2．a lot of 3．should，nothing 4．have a rest 5．may not Ⅶ．1．help，to 2．tells，to 3．try，to 4．be，make 5．important，to Ⅷ．One possible version： Dear Elise， I’m glad to read your letter ． Also I’m very sorry to know there are so much trouble worrying you．Now，let me tell you how to make things better．First，I hope every student to walk out of the classroom to enjoy the fresh air during the break，also you can do some exercise．At the same time，I will ask a certain student to open the windows for you during each break，then you can also enjoy fresh air at class． Second，enough homework is important for students．If you spend too much time on homework，you may think you have too much homework．So you should be more familiar to what you’ve learned and then you may spend less time．That can also help you have more time to play． As for tests，why not think about it in another way? Tests may give you a chance to enjoy success． If you have to choose how to live，happily or not，let’s be happy and cheer ourselves up． Your sincerely， Qin