2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit2Workingtheland单元学案（18页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit2Workingtheland单元学案（18页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit2Working the land单元学案 一单元基础训练 一、 单元单词短语回顾 statistic  [stəˈtistik] n.‎ ‎（常用plstatisitcs)数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料 sunburnt  ['sʌnbə:nt] adj. 晒黑的 struggle [ˈstrʌgl] vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力 decade  [ˈdekeid] n. 十年；十年期 super  [ˈsu:pə] adj. 特级的；超级的 ‎△hybrid  [ˈhaibrid] adj. 混合的；杂种的 n. 杂交种；混血儿 output  [ˈautput] n. 产量；输出 ‎△strain  [strein] n.（植物的）品种；种类 crop  [krɔp] n. 庄稼；农作物；产量 hunger [ˈhʌŋgə] n. 饥饿；欲望 ‎ vt. & vi. （使）饥饿 disturbing di'stə:biŋ] adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的 expand [ikˈspænd] vt. & vi. 使变大；伸展 circulate [ˈsə:kjuleit] vt. & vi. 循环；流传 Vietnam [ˌvjet'næm] n. 越南（东南亚国家）‎ thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 battle  [ˈbætl] n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt. & vi. 搏斗；奋斗 rid  [rid] vt. 摆脱；除去 rid… of 摆脱；除去 be satisfied with 对……感到满意 freedom  [ˈfri:dəm] n. 自由；自主 would rather [ˈrɑ:ðə] 宁愿；宁可 therefore [ˈðeəfɔ:] adj.因为；所以；‎ 因而 equip [iˈkwip] vt. & vi. 配备；装备 ‎△sorghum[ 'sɔ:gəm] n. 高粱 grain [grein] n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒 ‎△peanut  [ˈpi:nʌt] n. 花生 export  [ikˈspɔ:t] vt. & vi. 输出；出口 nationality  [ˌnæʃəˈnæləti] n. 国籍 occupation  [ˌɔkjuˈpeiʃən] n. 工作；职业；占领 ‎△personality [ˌpə:səˈnæliti] n. 性格；个性；人格 confuse  [kənˈfju:z] vt.使迷惑；使为难 regret  [riˈgret] vt. 遗憾；惋惜 ‎ n. 遗憾；懊悔 chemical [ˈkemikəl] adj. 化学的；关于化学的 ‎△organic  [ɔ:ˈgænik] adj. 有机的；器官的；组织的 ‎△fertile [ˈfə:tail] adj. 肥沃的；富饶的 ‎△fertilizer  [ˈfə:tilaizə] n.肥料；化肥 production  [prəˈdʌkʃən] n. 生产；制造 bacteria  [bækˈtiəriə] n.（bacterium的复数形式）细菌 pest  [pest] n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟 build [bild] up 逐渐增强；建立；开发 lead [li:d] to 导致；造成（后果）‎ nutrition  [nju:ˈtriʃən] n. 营养;滋养；食物 mineral  [ˈminərəl] n. 矿物；矿石 discovery  [disˈkʌvəri] n. 发现；发觉 focus [ˈfəukəs] n. 焦点；中心点 ‎ vt. 集中；聚集 focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于 soil  [sɔil] n. 土壤 reduce  [riˈdju:s] vt. 减少；减缩 keep … free from/of ‎ 使……免受（影响；害等）；‎ 使……不含（有害物）‎ ‎△soybean ['sɔibi:n]n.(=soyabean)大豆 root [ru:t] n. 根；根源 skim [skim] vt. 浏览；略读 underline [ˌʌndəˈlain] vt. 画底线标出；强调 summary [ˈsʌməri] n. 总结；摘要；概要 comment [ˈkɔment] n. 评论；议论 ‎ vi. & vt. 表达意见；作出评论 ‎△producer [prəˈdju:sə] n. 生产者；制片人 ‎△industrial [inˈdʌstriəl] adj. 工业的；产业的 二、单元重要句式回顾：根据括号内要求翻译句子 ‎1．他就是人们通常所说的叛徒(traitor)。 (what引导名词性从句)‎ He_is_what_is_generally_called_a_traitor.‎ ‎2．我宁愿那天你没把这个消息告诉他。(would rather＋从句)‎ I'd_rather_you_hadn't_told_him_the_news_that_day.‎ ‎3．你认为他在哪儿买的电脑？(do you think作插入语)‎ Where_do_you_think_he_bought_the_computer?‎ ‎4．他努力控制住自己的脾气。(struggle)‎ He_struggled_to_control_his_temper.__‎ ‎5．你可以通过看更多的书来拓展你的知识。(expand)‎ You_can_expand_your_knowledge_by_reading_more_books.‎ ‎6．多亏你的帮助，我通过了考试。(thanks to)‎ Thanks_to_your_help,_I_passed_the_exam.‎ ‎7．你应该摆脱这些坏习惯。(rid ... of ...)‎ You_should_rid_yourself_of_the_bad_habits.‎ ‎8．一个人不应该只因一点小成功而感到满足。(be satisfied with)‎ One_shouldn't_be_satisfied_with_only_a_little_success.‎ ‎9．他们给教室配备上一台电视机。(equip ... with ...)‎ They_equipped_their_classroom_with_a_TV_set.‎ ‎10．他的粗心导致了这起事故。(lead to)‎ His_carelessness_led_to_the_accident.‎ 单元综合知识运用 一 完形填空提速训练 ‎(2018·温州检测二)When my husband Ian died in 2014, ten days after being diagnosed with cancer, I was completely broken up. He was just 54. We'd planned to __1__ together and live the years to the fullest.‎ At first, the __2__ of spending the following years of my life without him left me feeling __3__. I was in deep __4__ having lost him. But as time passed, I began to __5__ that life is so precious, and none of us can __6__ what's around the corner.‎ I realized I could sit at home and __7__ Ian, __8__ I could make the most of every moment of my life. Three months __9__ he died, a friend mentioned a choir run by a __10__ Tenovus Cancer Care, which was for anyone __11__ by cancer. I've __12__ loved to sing, so I agreed. That decision really has changed my __13__.‎ We rehearse (排练) once a week and perform __14__ to raise money. We sing inspiring songs like You've Got a Friend which really __15__ all of us.‎ Spending time with the choir, I have not only made a whole ‎ new friendship circle, but I feel so __16__， which has been fantastic for my __17__ wellbeing.‎ I __18__ money for the charity too, including traveling a long way to Machu Picchu, where I scattered (播撒) some of Ian's ashes. I know Ian would __19__ my decision to look after myself.‎ Living a good life, and finding ways to enjoy my retirement, is the best __20__ I can offer him.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇记叙文，描述了作者在突然失去丈夫后的迷茫以及走出阴霾、积极面对生活的心路历程。‎ ‎1．A.die　　　　　　　　　 B．retire C．live D．sing 解析：选B　根据上文提到了作者丈夫去世时的年龄为54岁及文章最后一段中的retirement可知，此处指作者与丈夫之前曾计划过一起退休(retire)后的生活。故选B项。‎ ‎2．A.feeling B．thought C．sense D．hope 解析：选B　丈夫的去世让作者崩溃，由此可以推断，此处指作者对未来生活的担忧， thought意为“想法”更符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.lost B．tired C．excited D．relaxed 解析：选A　根据常识可知，丈夫突然去世作者应是感到迷茫的(lost)。故选A项。‎ ‎4．A.trouble B．breath C．shock D．regret 解析：选C　从原来美好的憧憬到突然的失去，让作者备受打击。shock意为“打击；震惊”，符合语境。‎ ‎5．A.wonder B．understand C．forget D．remember 解析：选B　根据设空后的“life is so precious”及下文中对作者参加活动的描述可知，随着时间的推移，作者明白了生命的珍贵。故选B项。‎ ‎6．A.change B．doubt C．predict D．leave 解析：选C　根据设空后的“around the corner”可知，此处指没有人能预测即将发生什么。故选C项。‎ ‎7．A.mourn for B．wait for C．look after D．talk with 解析：选A　作者意识到生命的珍贵，因此此处要作出选择，要么在家哀悼丈夫，要么积极面对生活。mourn for意为“悼念”，符合语境。‎ ‎8．A.and B．so C．for D．or 解析：选D　此处表示作者的不同选择：是待在家中悼念丈夫还是走出去积极面对生活，空格前后之间为选择关系。故选D项。‎ ‎9．A.before B．after C．since D．as 解析：选B　此处表示在作者丈夫去世之后，故选B项。‎ ‎10．A.charity B．company C．club D．hospital 解析：选A　根据第14空后的“to raise money”‎ 及第18空后的“the charity”可知，这是一个慈善机构。故选A项。‎ ‎11．A.killed B．defeated C．scared D．affected 解析：选D　作者的丈夫死于癌症，而作者参加这样的活动得以改变人生，由此可推断，这个机构的目的在于帮助像作者这样受癌症影响的人。故选D项。‎ ‎12．A.hardly B．seldom C．always D．often 解析：选C　此处表示作者一直喜欢唱歌，所以参加慈善机构的排练活动。故选C项。‎ ‎13．A.mind B．life C．dream D．goal 解析：选B　根据下文的描述可知，参加慈善演唱的决定改变了作者的生活，使作者从悲伤中走了出来。故选B项。‎ ‎14．A.dances B．plays C．services D．concerts 解析：选D　根据文中提到的关键信息“rehearse”和“We sing inspiring songs”可知，此处应与歌唱和排练相呼应，指举行音乐会来筹钱。故选D项。‎ ‎15．A.amuse B．interest C．push D．impress 解析：选D　根据“inspiring songs”可知，这些歌曲给作者他们留下了深刻的印象。故选D项。‎ ‎16．A.skillful B．cautious C．secure D．positive 解析：选D　根据“I have not only made a whole new friendship circle”可知，作者建立了新的朋友圈，说明这些活动让作者走出阴霾，从而积极面对生活。故选D项。‎ ‎17．A.mental B．physical C．social D．economic 解析：选A　作者通过参加这些活动走出阴霾，说明作者拥有了良好的心理 (mental)状态。故选A项。‎ ‎18．A.spend B．save C．raise D．earn 解析：选C　作者除了与合唱团一起为慈善尽力，自己也通过个人活动来筹集善款。故选C项。‎ ‎19．A.approve of B．care about C．be opposed to D．be sorry about 解析：选A　作者走出悲伤，积极乐观地生活，相信丈夫会支持她好好生活。approve of意为“赞成”，符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.award B．experience C．comfort D．help 解析：选C　文章最后是作者的感悟：好好生活便是对丈夫最好的慰藉。故选C项。‎ 二、阅读理解提速训练 ‎(2018·济南高考模拟)I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I encountered a courteous human being in this modern era.‎ Recently, I had to change my thinking, when I came face to face with just such a human being in a coffee place, with my ‎ two daughters. The place was crowded as usual and we had to climb steep (陡的) stairs in order to find an empty table. After enjoying coffee and snacks, we went down the narrow stairs, where there was hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down.‎ Just as I was in the middle of the stairs, a man entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase (楼梯). I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up. I kept coming down as fast as I could. My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started walking up the stairs, knowing I was a nervous sort.‎ Nearly reaching them, I noticed the man still standing near the door. I reached my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open. I looked back, thinking he was still at the door, deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place. I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time. I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through before going up.‎ Such well mannered people are hard to find these days when pushing is very common in our advanced but aggressive society. We applauded for his chivalry (彬彬有礼)．‎ 语篇解读：在这个忙碌的现代社会，彬彬有礼、体贴他人的品质变得尤为珍贵。作者讲述了自己经历的一件事情，并赞扬了这种良好的品质。‎ ‎1．What is the meaning of the underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 1?‎ A．A brave action.　　　　　 B．Sacrifice spirit.‎ C．A considerate action. D．Selfish behavior.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据下文故事中的男人为作者让路并且开门可推测出，这是一种体贴的行为，故选C项。‎ ‎2．What did the author think of the man at the first sight of him？　‎ A．He was in a hurry.‎ B．He would wait for her.‎ C．He would pass her rudely.‎ D．He was a man with good manners.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up.”可知，作者本认为这个男人会粗鲁地挤开她上楼梯，故选C项。‎ ‎3．What can we learn about the man from Paragraph 4?‎ A．He might be a waiter of the café.‎ B．He might have an urgent business to do.‎ C．He loved a daughter of the author.‎ D．He would hold the door open for all.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time.”‎ 以及下文谈到她们都来不及对那个男人说一声谢谢可推知，那个男人上楼梯，一次上两级台阶，应该是有急事要做，故选B项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2018·台州市第一次质量预测)‎ Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy?‎ Psychologists (心理学家) have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related to happiness. __1__ Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isn't merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers.‎ Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers — something they typically avoided. __2__ None of the chatters reported being rejected.‎ Small talk can also help us feel connected with our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (服务员) reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易). __3__ One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected with the exhibit than those who were ‎ not approached.‎ ‎__4__ In one study, people who were rated “less curious” by researchers had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure (透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges. __5__‎ A．The same is true of gallery goers.‎ B．But don't play down small talk just yet.‎ C．They found that small talk is related to happiness.‎ D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey.‎ E．Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations.‎ F．A “curious mindset”， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions”．‎ G．Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了聊天会让人开心。‎ ‎1．选B　根据上文的“In one study, researchers ... related to happiness.”和下文的“Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding.”可知，空格前后表示转折关系，所以选B项“但是，不要贬低聊天的重要性”。‎ ‎2．选D　根据下文的“None of the chatters reported being rejected.”可推知，应选D项。那些被要求去和陌生人聊天的乘客说旅途更加愉快。‎ ‎3．选A　根据下文的“chat with gallery goers”可知，应选A项。参观美术馆的人也有同样的感受。‎ ‎4．选G　根据本段中对两类人的介绍可推知，有些人更擅长把聊天话题扩大，所以选G项。‎ ‎5．选F　根据上文的“But people who were ... into personal exchanges.”可推知，具有好奇心的人会与他人进行积极的社交互动，所以选F项。‎ 语法填空 ‎(2018·绍兴市高三教学质量调测)All of us have read thrilling stories. In many of __1__ (they) the hero had only a __2__ (limit) and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twentyfour hours, __3__ we were always interested in __4__ (discover) just how the dying man chose to spend his last days or his last hours.‎ Such stories set up thinking, wondering __5__ we should do under similar circumstances. What __6__ (happy) should we find in reviewing the past, and what regrets? Sometimes, I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day __7__ if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would stress __8__ (sharp) the values of life.‎ I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being __9__ (be) stricken blind and deaf for a few of days at ‎ some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him __10__ (much) appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了惊险故事对读者的启迪作用。‎ ‎1．them　介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用宾格代词them作介词of的宾语。‎ ‎2．limited　由“a”和“specified time”可知，此处应用形容词limited修饰名词，意为“有限的”。‎ ‎3．but　根据语境可知，前后句之间表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。‎ ‎4．discovering　介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词discovering作介词in的宾语。‎ ‎5．what　what引导宾语从句，在从句中作do的宾语。‎ ‎6．happiness　根据“what regrets”可知，此处应用名词形式，故用名词happiness。‎ ‎7．as　根据语境可知，前后句之间表示逻辑上的假定关系，故用as。as if表示“好像”。‎ ‎8．sharply　此处应用副词sharply修饰动词stress，在句子中作状语。‎ ‎9．were　根据“would be”的提示可知，此处是一个if虚拟条件句，与现在事实相反，故用一般过去时，be动词常用were。‎ ‎10．more　根据语境可知，此处表示比较的含义，故用副词比较级more修饰形容词appreciative。‎ 读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ Once, when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets_for the circus_(马戏). Finally, there was only one family between us and the ticket counter.‎ This family made a big impression on me. There were eight children,_all probably under the age of twelve. You could tell they didn't have a lot of money.‎ Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean. The children were wellbehaved, all of them standing in line, twobytwo behind their parents, holding hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns, elephants, and other acts they would see that night with their brothers or sisters in a low voice.‎ One could sense they had never been to the circus before. It promised to be highlight of their young lives. The father and mother were at the head of the pack, standing proud as could be. The mother was holding her husband's hand, looking up at him as if to say, “You are my knight in shining armor.”‎ He was smiling and responding in pride, looking back at her as if to say, “You got that right.” The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted. He proudly responded, “Please let me buy eight children's tickets and two adult tickets so I can take my family to the circus.”‎ The ticket lady gave the price. The man's wife let go of his hand, her head dropped, and his lips began to shake. The ‎ father leaned a little closer and asked, “How much did you say？”‎ The ticket lady again quoted the price. The man didn't have enough money.‎ How was he supposed to turn and tell his eight children that he didn't have enough money_to take them to the circus?‎ Actually we were not wealthy in any sense. So I understand how the kids would feel. I felt sorry for them.‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Seeing what was going on, my dad put his hand in his pocket, pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ That day my father and I went back to our car and drove home without any tickets.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Seeing what was going on, my dad put his hand in his pocket, pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground.Then he picked it up and tapped the man on the shoulder and said, “Excuse me, sir, this fell out of your pocket.” The man turned around and saw the money. He knew what was going on, he looked straight into my dad's eyes, took my dad's hand in both of his, squeezed tightly onto the $20 bill, and with his lip shaking and a tear running down his cheek, he replied, “Thank you, thank you, sir. This really means a lot to me and my family.”‎ Paragraph 2：‎ That day my father and I went back to our car and drove home without any tickets.We didn't go to the circus that night. When I asked dad why he did so, he said, “My child, it was a desperate, heartbreaking and embarrassing situation for a father. Surely he wasn't begging for a handout, but he reminded me of my father, when I was young.” He paused for a while, as if wandering in his memory. “We should appreciate what we have obtained from life and seize every opportunity to help others. We didn't go to the circus_tonight, but we didn't go without.”‎