2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumor单元学案（19页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumor单元学案（19页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit3A taste of English humor单元学案 一单元基础训练 一、单元单词短语回顾 humour  [ˈhju:mə] n. 幽默；滑稽 ‎△punchline  ['pʌntʃlɚin] n. 故事、笑话等中的妙语；关键语 ‎△verbal [ˈvə:bəl] adj. 口头的 ‎△nonverbal[ˌnɔn'və:bl]adj.不用语言的 ‎△mime  [maim] n. 哑剧 ‎△Charlie Chaplin 查理·卓别林 ‎ （英国喜剧大师） ‎ ‎△Edward Lear 爱德华·李尔 ‎（英国作家、画家）‎ comedy  [ˈkɔmidi] n. 喜剧 ‎△Victor Hugo 维克多·雨果 ‎ （法国文学家）‎ up to now 直到现在 ‎△brighten  [ˈbraitn] vt. 使更愉快；使更有希望 ‎△depressed  [diˈprest] adj. 忧愁的；沮丧的 content [ˈkɔntent] adj. 满足的；满意的 ‎ n. 满足vt. 使满足 feel/be content with 对……满足 performer [pəˈfɔ:mə] n.表演者；演出者 astonish  [əˈstɔniʃ] vt. 使惊诧 astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的 fortunate  [ˈfɔ:tʃənət] adj. 幸运的；吉利的 unfortunately [ʌnˈfɔ:tʃənitli] adv.不幸地 badly off 穷的；缺少的 ‎△teens [ti:nz] n. 十几岁（13至19岁的年龄）‎ ordinary [ˈɔ:dinəri] adj.平常的；普通的 bored  [bɔ:d] adj. 厌烦的 ‎△subtle [ˈsʌtl] adj. 微妙的；精巧的；技艺精湛的 entertain  [ˌentəˈtein] vt. & vi. 使欢乐；款待 ‎△entertaining  [ˌentə'teiniŋ] adj. 愉快的；有趣的 ‎△charming  [ˈtʃɑ:miŋ] adj. 迷人的；有 魅力的 ‎△tramp  [træmp] n. 流浪汉；行乞者 throughout  [θru(:)ˈaut] prep. 遍及；贯穿 adv. 到处；始终；全部 homeless  [ˈhəumlis] adj. 无家的；无家可归的 moustache [məˈstɑ:ʃ] n. 小胡子 worn  [wɔ:n] adj. 用旧的；用坏的；破烂的 ‎△worn-out adj. 磨破的；穿旧的 ‎△stiffly  [ˈstifli] adv. 僵硬地 failure  [ˈfeiljə] n. 失败（者）‎ ‎△optimism  [ˈɔptimizəm] n. 乐观；乐观主义 overcome[ˌəuvəˈkʌm] vt. &,vi战胜；‎ 克服 (overcame,overcome) ‎ ‎△underdog  ['ʌndədɔg] n. 失败者；处于劣势的一方 ‎△snowstorm [ˈsnəustɔ:m] n. 暴风雪 leather [ˈleðə] n. 皮革 pick out 挑出；辨别出 ‎△lace [leis] n. 饰带；花边；鞋带 cut off 切断；断绝 chew  [tʃu:] vt. & vi. 嚼碎；咀嚼（食物）‎ ‎△mouthful  [ˈmauθful] n. 一口；满口 ‎△enjoyment [inˈdʒɔimənt] n. 享受；‎ 欢乐；乐趣 convince  [kənˈvins] vt. 使信服 convincing adj. 令人信服的 direct  [diˈrekt] vt. & vi. 导演；指示；指挥adj. 直的；直接的；直率的 star in 担任主角；主演 ‎△Oscar n. 奥斯卡 outstanding  [autˈstændiŋ] adj. 突出的；杰出的；显著的 Switzerland n. 瑞士（欧洲中部国家）‎ ‎△confidence [ˈkɔnfidəns] n.信心；信念 ‎△costume [ˈkɔstju:m] n. 服装；戏装 gesture  [ˈdʒestʃə] n. 姿态；手势 ‎ ‎ vi. 做手势 particular  [pəˈtikjulə] adj. 特殊的；‎ 特别的 n. 细节；细目 particularly adv. 特殊地；特别地 occasion [əˈkeiʒən] n. 时刻；场合 budget  [ˈbʌdʒit] n. 预算；开支 actress  [ˈæktris] n. 女演员 slide [slaid] vt. & vi. （使）滑动；（使）滑行n. 滑；滑动；幻灯片 amuse  [əˈmju:z] vt. 使发笑；使愉快 ‎ ‎△amusing adj. 好笑的；有趣的 pancake [ˈpæŋkriəs] n. 烙饼；薄饼 explanation  [ˌekspləˈneiʃən] n. 解释；‎ 讲解；说明 detective [diˈtektiv] n. 侦探 ‎△Sherlock Holmes n.夏洛克.福尔摩斯 mountainous  [ˈmauntinəs] adj.多山的；山一般的 whisper  [ˈwispə] n. 耳语；低语 ‎ vt. & vi. 低语；小声说 vast  [væst] adj. 巨大的；辽阔的 ‎△rhythm  [ˈriðəm] n. 节奏 mess [mes] n. 脏或乱的状态 ‎ react [riˈækt] vi. 作出反应；回应 porridge [ˈpɔridʒ] n. 粥；麦片粥 drunk [drʌŋk] adj. 醉的 二、单元重要句式回顾：根据括号内要求翻译句子 ‎1．在他回来之前，我已完成我的工作了。(by＋过去的时间)‎ I_had_finished_the_work_by_the_time_he_came_back.‎ ‎2．你对你现在的工资待遇满意吗？ (be content with)‎ Are_you_content_with_your_present_salary? ‎ ‎3．你觉得告诉他们此事明智吗？(it作形式宾语)‎ Do_you_consider_it_wise_to_tell_them_about_it?‎ ‎4．多数人担心他们的孩子将比他们更加穷困。(badly off)‎ Most_people_fear_their_children_will_be_worse_off_than_they_are.‎ ‎5．她经常在周末招待朋友。(entertain)‎ She_often_entertains_her_friends_on_weekends.‎ ‎6．她说她是一个失败的经理。(failure)‎ She_said_she_was_a_failure_as_a_manager._‎ ‎7．他克服了一个坏习惯。 (overcome)‎ He_overcame_a_bad_habit.‎ ‎8．你能在人群中找到你母亲吗？(pick out)‎ Can_you_pick_out_your_mother_in_the_crowd?‎ ‎9．他们的供水被切断了。(cut off)‎ Their_water_supply_was_cut_off.‎ ‎10．这位导演想让吉姆主演他的新片。(star)‎ The_director_wants_to_star_Jim_in_his_new_film.‎ 单元综合知识运用 一 完形填空提速训练 ‎(2018·丽水高三质量检测)I have always thought of myself as a doer. In work, I certainly was and continue to be. As a mom, I'm mostly a doer. However, my __1__ for breast cancer made me __2__ I hadn't been a doer in the way I wanted to be — but that was about to __3__.‎ Since I became a __4__and reported many plane crashes, I've been __5__ of flying. My family had __6__ been to another continent together. Now that the chemo (化疗) __7__， as a gift to myself, my kids and my mom, I took them all to London to __8__ life before beginning radiation every weekday for six weeks.‎ This time I made a __9__ not to think too much about it. Looking in the mirror without hair, you do your best to __10__ your day as though it were a day __11__ you discovered your lump (肿块). Then everything seems doable. __12__ I just booked the trip. In London, every day I __13__ a different adventure, from which my family and I learned much and __14__ ourselves.‎ I had wanted to take a __15__ like this for years, but life and work had gotten in the way. Now, __16__ life and work, we had finally done __17__. I have thoroughly enjoyed family ‎ learning __18__ living, but nothing is better than knowing that my kids feel __19__ for the trip. One day, perhaps they'll realize that sometimes, the best __20__ come(s) after surviving your greatest fears.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一个实干家，工作勤奋，但是治疗乳腺癌让作者意识到在某种程度上她不再是实干家。在化疗结束之后，为了庆祝生活，作者带家人一起到伦敦旅游，实现了自己多年来的愿望……‎ ‎1．A.concern　　　　　　 B．reason C．treatment D．anxiety 解析：选C　根据语境及该句中的“for breast cancer”可知，此处表示治疗乳腺癌让作者意识到在某种程度上她不再是实干家。C项意为“治疗”，符合语境。‎ ‎2．A.realize B．imagine C．ignore D．doubt 解析：选A　参见上题解析。‎ ‎3．A.continue B．change C．happen D．arise 解析：选B　根据该句的语境可以判断，此处表示作者没有成为她想要成为的实干家，但是那将要改变。故B项正确。‎ ‎4．A.pilot B．doctor C．tourist D．journalist 解析：选D　根据空后的“and reported many plane crashes”可知，作者应是一名记者，故D项正确。‎ ‎5．A.tired B．fond C．proud D．afraid 解析：选D　根据空前的“and reported many plane crashes”可知，作者报道过多起飞机坠毁事故，她应该是害怕乘飞机。故D项正确。‎ ‎6．A.frequently B．never C．already D．just 解析：选B　根据后一句中的“Now that the chemo (化疗) __7__， as a gift to myself, my kids and my mom, I took them all to London”可知，化疗结束了，作为奖励，作者带她的孩子们和母亲到了伦敦；结合前一句她害怕乘飞机的陈述可知，她的家人从来没有一起到过另外一个大洲。故B项正确。‎ ‎7．A.failed B．delayed C．ended D．approached 解析：选C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎8．A.save B．create C．improve D．celebrate 解析：选D　根据语境可知，作者带家人到伦敦是为了庆祝生活。D项意为“庆祝”，符合语境。‎ ‎9．A.decision B．wish C．judgment D．conclusion 解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处表示这一次作者决定不过多地考虑放疗。make a decision为固定搭配，意为“作出决定”，故A项正确。‎ ‎10．A.get rid of B．get through C．look back on D．look for 解析：选B　根据语境可知，看着镜子中没有头发的自己，你会努力度过你的每一天。B项意为“度过，熬过”，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A.before B．after C．until D．when 解析：选A　根据上文可知，看着镜子中没有头发的自己，你会努力度过你的每一天，就如发现肿块之前那样。故A项符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.But B．Otherwise C．So D．Even 解析：选C　根据空前的“Then everything seems doable.”和空后的“I just booked the trip”可知，两句之间为因果关系，故C项正确。‎ ‎13．A.expected B．planned C．described D．experienced 解析：选D　根据该句的语境可知，在伦敦，每天作者都体验着不同的冒险经历。D项意为“体验”，符合语境。‎ ‎14．A.taught B．enjoyed C．introduced D．trained 解析：选B　根据语境可知，在旅行过程中，作者和家人学到了很多知识，玩得很开心。enjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“玩得痛快”。‎ ‎15．A.trip B．rest C．risk D．lesson 解析：选A　根据上一段倒数第二句中的“I just booked the trip”可知，此处表示作者想要这样的旅行已经有多年了。A项意为“旅行”，故A项正确。‎ ‎16．A.in terms of B．owing to C．in addition to D．regardless of 解析：选D　根据前一句可知，作者想要这样的旅行已经有多年了；结合该句中的“__16__ life and work, we had finally done __17__”可知，如今，不再顾及工作和生活，作者和家人终于完成了夙愿。D项意为“不管，不顾”，符合语境。‎ ‎17．A.it B．them C．everything D．something 解析：选A　参见上题解析。根据语境可知，空处指代上文中的“trip”，作动词do的宾语，故用it。‎ ‎18．A.for B．with C．by D．beyond 解析：选C　根据该句语境可知，作者非常喜欢通过生活来进行家庭学习，by意为“通过……方式”，故C项正确。‎ ‎19．A.eager B．grateful C．ready D．sorry 解析：选B　根据该句的语境并结合常识可知，没有什么比知道孩子们对这次旅行心怀感激更美好的了。B项意为“感激的”，符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.work B．love C．adventures D．chances 解析：选C　根据语境可知，有一天他们可能会意识到有时最好的冒险发生在从极度恐惧中活下来之后。C项意为“冒险”，符合语境。第三段的“every day I __13__ a different adventure”是提示。‎ 二、阅读理解提速练 A ‎(2018·长沙一模)In between running one of the world's largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsoft's technology advisor, Bill Gates manages to find time to read books, both long and short. Now Gates — who has been labeled a “greedy” reader — has released a list of his favorite books. All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.‎ Here are Bill's top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book)．‎ Business Adventures, by John Brooks Brooks' collection was published in 1969 and remains one of Gates' favorites. He reread it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read.‎ ‎“Shortly after we met, Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s. I loved them as much as he did. Brooks' insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully, and they are as true today as ever.”‎ Capital in the TwentyFirst Century, by Thomas Piketty Piketty's novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year. Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the nonfiction work to discuss the topic.‎ ‎“As I told him, although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions, I agree with his most important conclusions: inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it.”‎ How Asia Works, by Joe Studwell Studwell's work, which was published in May 2014, addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth, and why other countries have failed to do the same.‎ ‎“The agriculture section of the book was particularly insightful. It provided ample food for thought for me as well as the whole Agriculture team at our foundation. And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa.”‎ Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization, by Vaclav Smil Smil's books are a constant favorite of the Microsoft's founder — one of his books makes Gates' list almost every year. Making the Modern World came out late in 2013 and explores the global use of materials, from silicon to wood and plastic.‎ ‎“If anyone tries to tell you we're using fewer materials, send him this book. With his usual skepticism and his love of data, Smil shows how our ability to make things with fewer materials — say, soda cans that need less aluminum — makes them cheaper, which actually encourages more production.”‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了比尔·盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。‎ ‎1．The books mentioned in the text are mainly about ________.‎ A．charity in the world B．business and economy C．poverty in the world D．Bill Gates' life experience 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.”可知，比尔·盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书与商业和经济有关，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．Gates once had a personal discussion with the author of ________.‎ A．Capital in the TwentyFirst Century B．Business Adventures C．How Asia Works D．Making the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the nonfiction work to discuss the topic.”可知，比尔·盖茨和Capital in the TwentyFirst Century这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．In How Asia Works, the author analyses ________.‎ A．why African agriculture cannot develop fast B．how they can apply Asian economic model in African ‎ countries C．why Asia is slow in agricultural development D．how some Asian countries have rapidly grown in economy 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第七段中的“addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth”可知，How Asia Works主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的，故D项正确。‎ B ‎(2018·宁波市高三模拟)The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl, yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards. When somebody asks her，“How do you hear？” She responds, “How do you hear? Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding. We need to listen to what is said and unsaid, and also how it is said.‎ It's important to hear what people say accurately. As Mark Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug (萤火虫)．” If you miss something or you're not sure you've heard accurately, ask the speakers. At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding. Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don't say. Why are they saying this now, instead of sooner or later? Why are they emphasizing these ‎ points, instead of something else?‎ Listen to how it is said. People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say. While going through the next points, think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss, and see if any of these signals might come up. First, voices. When others speak, notice changes in their volume, pace, and tone. Second, body language. Notice gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions. Do these sync what they are saying, or do they tell a different story? Third, emotions. What is the person true feeling? Now you might not know for sure, but be considerate, open to understanding, and ask thoughtful questions.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。‎ ‎4．What's the writer's purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?‎ A．To give an example of wise words.‎ B．To introduce a worldfamous musician.‎ C．To help explain the meaning of listening.‎ D．To encourage us to fight against disability.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项C正确。‎ ‎5．What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?‎ A．It is important to have a good knowledge of English words.‎ B．People should know words can be used in many different ways.‎ C．English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary.‎ D．The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It's important to hear what people say accurately.”和“At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined word “sync” in the last paragraph probably mean?‎ A．Match.　　　　　　　　 B．Prove.‎ C．Describe. D．Analyze.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions”；再根据画线词后的“what they are saying, or do they tell a different story”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。故选A。‎ ‎7．Which is the best title for this passage?‎ A．Speak While You Listen B．Listen Beyond Words C．Read Between Lines D．Think as You Talk 解析：选B　标题归纳题。本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。所以选B。‎ C ‎(2018·海口调研)Students at Harvard this term have been doing something for the first time in the university's long history. They promise not to cheat, or more specifically, to sign up to an honor code in which they promise to stick to values of academic integrity (学术诚信). It means students at the wellknown US university have to promise not to cheat in exams.‎ Brett Flehinger, a professor at Harvard, says students now write their own “personal response” to the honor code before starting term, repeat their promise when registering and then again before taking exams.‎ Harvard's adoption of an honor code follows a widelyknown cheating event in 2012. On one exam paper, more than a hundred students were investigated and about 70 later faced punishment.‎ An annual survey was conducted by the student newspaper, the Harvard Crimson. The survey, based on a sample of more than 70% of new students, also asked about cheating. It found 9% admitted to having cheated in an exam. There were others who had cheated in homework, academic work and other assignments.‎ So will students be stopped from cheating by a promise?‎ A study published in October by the US National Bureau of Economic Research found “strong evidence” of cheating from at least 10% of students. “It is not surprising that students cheat — they have enough reasons to do so, and the likelihood ‎ of getting caught is low，” concluded the study. “What is perhaps more surprising is that so little effort is devoted to catching cheating students.”‎ Would an honor code make a difference?‎ Sir Cary Cooper, a professor at Manchester Business School, says, “I don't think it actually stops the cheating that much. A university will have it because it gives specific moral guidance about what is incorrect behavior.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。哈佛大学为了防止学生在考试中作弊，在注册和考试前让学生签署诚信守则，以此来提升学术诚信度。‎ ‎8．What's the main purpose of Harvard's honor code?‎ A．To spread knowledge.‎ B．To prevent students cheating in exams.‎ C．To punish students cheating in exams.‎ D．To introduce results of failing in the exams.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句及第一段内容可知，哈佛大学的诚信守则的主要目的是防止学生考试作弊。故选B。‎ ‎9．What made Harvard's honor code appear?‎ A．The survey by the Harvard Crimson.‎ B．A lot of Harvard's students' suggestions.‎ C．The influence from the other US universities.‎ D．A number of Harvard's students' cheating in exams.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句及第三段内容可知，作弊事件迫使哈佛大学采用诚信守则制度。故选D。‎ ‎10．What do we know about the new students of Harvard?‎ A．Nobody admitted having cheated in exams.‎ B．Some of them cheated in academic work.‎ C．All of them cheated on homework.‎ D．They didn't cheat in exams.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句及第四段内容可知，一些哈佛新生曾在学术作业中作弊过。故选B。‎