【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达第五讲应用文一：书信（6页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达第五讲应用文一：书信（6页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习书面表达第五讲应用文一：书信 ‎[概括说明]‎ 应用文是指人们在日常生活、工作和学习中为处理日常事务，解决具体问题而写作的一种文体。它最突出的特点就是实用性。应用文与我们日常生活和工作有密切的关系。我们要了解天下大事，就要阅读报刊、收听广播、收看电视；以法治国，要有各种法规文件；机关、企事业单位要正常运转，要有计划、总结等事务文书；人们礼尚往来常常借助于请柬、贺卡等等。这诸多的文字材料，大部分都是应用文。‎ 应用文的种类：‎ 应用文包括的内容很广，如书信、通知(笔头和口头)、海报、便条、启事、请柬、广告、日记。其中，书信、通知和日记在近几年的高考书面表达中考得最多。‎ 应用文写作的基本要求：‎ ‎1．主旨确切、重点突出；‎ ‎2．结构完整、简单明了；‎ ‎3．语言朴实、重在实用；‎ ‎4．格式固定、对象明确。‎ 应用文写作过程中应该注意的事项：‎ ‎1．应用文的语言一般来说都比较规范，有它们特定的语言表达方式，在平时就要积累不同文体的常见套话。如开头和结尾的套话要运用恰当，符合文体特点。‎ ‎2．应用文的目的在于传达给众人基本信息，如理由、时间、地点、参加人、活动内容等，在写作时要注意这些要点的明确体现。‎ ‎3．应用文的语言重在实用，力求语言平实、准确、简洁，句子不要过长，让读者一眼就明白文章想要表达的要点。‎ ‎4．不同的文体会采用不同的时态，如日记一般用过去时，通知和请柬采用一般现在时和将来时等。‎ 第一节　书信 书信、电子邮件的写作是高考中出现频率最高的一种题型。从内容上看，近几年高考书信写作主要包括致歉信、致谢信、笔友信、慰问信、投诉信、邀请信、介绍信、求职信等。写作时应注意以下几点：‎ ‎(1)细读提示，认真审题 ‎①审体裁；‎ ‎②定人称；‎ ‎③定时态。‎ ‎(2)紧扣主题，组织要点 这类写作题中的要点似乎已经定好了，但仍需将内容要点逐个完整地列出来，分清主次。‎ ‎(3)合理分段，清晰条理 通常可分为三段来写：‎ 第一段点明主旨。除常规的问候之外，不妨直接用与“I am writing to tell you...”类似的句子开头，直截了当，言简意赅。‎ 第二段详细介绍题中所提示的具体内容。为提高文章的连贯性和条理性，应注意运用一些表示逻辑顺序的词汇，如first，second，what’s more，finally等将内容巧妙地连接起来，从而形成有机的整体。‎ 最后一段应该客气地询问对方的意见，同时表达真诚的祝福和热情的问候，体现中学生的素养。‎ 一．普通书信/电子邮件 Dear ________.‎ I’m ________.I am writing to talk about ________./I’d like to know something more about ________________ (写信目的)．I like it very much mainly for the following reasons.‎ First，I think ________(具体细节一)．Besides/What’s more，along with ________ there are ________(具体细节二)．‎ However，________(存在问题)．Therefore，I’d like to suggest ________ (建议)/(个人看法)‎ I am looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ ‎①引出话题。‎ ‎②阐述话题的相关细节或原因。‎ ‎③话题存在问题。‎ ‎④表达期望。‎ ‎________‎ ‎　‎ ‎1．必备亮点词汇 dear adj.　亲爱的 receive v. 收到 regard n. 尊敬，喜爱 truly adv. 忠实地，诚实地 receive your letter 收到你的来信 be glad to... 很高兴……‎ at your convenience 在你方便时 something about... 关于……的事情 as we know 正如我们所知 inform v. 通知 reply n. 回复 faithfully adv. 忠实地 sincerely adv. 真诚地 reply to your letter 回复你的来信 have any questions 有任何问题 on behalf of 代表 further information 进一步的消息 ‎2．经典套用句型 ‎·闪亮篇首句 Haven’t seen you for ages.Glad to hear from you.‎ 好久不见了，很高兴收到你的来信。‎ Your letter came to me this morning.‎ 我今天早上收到了你的来信。‎ I’m writing to ask if you can come next month.‎ 我写信询问你下个月能不能来。‎ I’m writing to inform you that...‎ 我写信通知你……‎ I was glad to know you began to...‎ 很高兴你开始……‎ How time flies! It’s three months since I saw you last.‎ 时光飞逝！自上次见到你至今已经3个月了。‎ Sorry to reply to your letter so late.‎ 抱歉这么晚才给你回信。‎ Your letter came to/reached me this morning.‎ 今天早上收到你的来信。‎ I am sorry it has taken me a long time to reply to your last letter but...‎ 很抱歉，这么久才回你的上次来信，只是……‎ From your letter I learned that...‎ 从你的信中我得知……‎ ‎·出彩篇中句 Not only was he... but also...‎ 他不仅是……，而且还是……‎ In reply to your letter about the party...‎ 你来信提到了聚会，在回信中……‎ Now let me tell you something about...‎ 现在我来告诉你一些关于……‎ It’s difficult for you because it’s quite different from...‎ 这对你来说很难，因为它与……完全不同。‎ I’ve been thinking about the question you wrote in the letter.In my opinion，you should...‎ 我一直在思考你来信中提到的问题。在我看来，你应该……‎ There is nothing happier to me than to receive your letter.‎ 再也没有比收到你的来信更让我开心的了。‎ You have to remember as many... as possible.‎ 你必须尽可能地记住很多……‎ You can learn... not only from... but also from...‎ 你不仅可以从……学习……，也可以从……学习。‎ ‎·精彩篇尾句 If you have any questions，please ask me.‎ 如果你有任何问题，请找我。‎ Please remember me to your whole family.‎ 请代我向你的家人问好。‎ Give my best regards/wishes to your mother.‎ 请代我向你的母亲表示良好的祝愿。‎ Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.‎ 期待与你会面。‎ Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.‎ 盼望能尽快收到你的回信。‎ We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.‎ 我们期望在你方便时及时回复。‎ I hope to receive your reply with the least possible delay.‎ 我希望能尽快收到你的回信。‎ I shall be looking forward to hearing your first impression.‎ 我盼望听到你的初次印象。‎ I do hope you will be able to live here some time this summer holiday.‎ 我的确希望你能在今年暑假在这里住一段时间。‎ Wish you the best of health。‎ 祝你身体健康。‎ Wish you every success in your future career!‎ 祝你成功！‎ Meanwhile，we wish you good health and every success in your work.‎ 同时，我们祝你身体健康，工作顺利。‎ May God bless you and your family！With every good wish for your happiness.‎ 愿上帝保佑你及你的家人。祝你幸福。‎ ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：‎ ‎1．时间和地点；‎ ‎2．内容：学习唐诗；‎ ‎3．课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Leslie，‎ How are you going these days? I’m happy that you have made rapid progress in Chinese. Now I’m writing to tell you the teaching plan for the next time.‎ To begin with, we’ll have our class in my home next Sunday if it is convenient to you. Secondly, I’ll teach you poems of Tang, which are famous not only in China but also throughout the world. Thirdly, they may be a bit difficult for you, so you’d better make some preparations in advance. Most importantly, you should learn about the general history of Tang Dynasty, which will be surely of great help to you.‎ I’m looking forward to meeting you next Sunday.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua