【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十四（17页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十四（17页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十四 ‎[一]‎ ‎ Loneliness has been linked to depression(抑郁) and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was fifty-two percent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was twenty-five percent more likely to do the same.‎ ‎ Earlier findings showed that happiness, obesity(肥胖) and the ability to stop smoking can also spread like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.‎ ‎ The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.‎ ‎ The new findings involved more than five thousand people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.‎ ‎ For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.‎ ‎ The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by two and a half days.‎ ‎ Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject(排斥) them.‎ ‎ John Cacioppo at the University‎ of ‎Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.‎ ‎35. As an average person, if you make 2 more friends, how many days a year might you suffer from loneliness?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ 48 days.‎ B.‎ ‎ 43 days.‎ C.‎ ‎ 65 days.‎ D.‎ ‎ 17 days.‎ ‎36. What can we infer from the passage about lonely people?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ They can overcome loneliness themselves.‎ ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ They will decrease loneliness day by day.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ They need help to get back to normal social life.‎ ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ They can help others to repair their social networks.‎ ‎37. What's the best way to help lonely people according to this passage?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ Bring them together.‎ B.‎ ‎ Make friends with them.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ Help them stop smoking.‎ D.‎ ‎ Help them loose weight.‎ ‎38. Which of the following would be the topic of the passage?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ Loneliness and social net work.‎ ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ Social Networks and friendship.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ Loneliness and diet.‎ ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ Help A Lonely Person.‎ 参考答案：35. B 36. C 37. B 38. A ‎[二]‎ In today’s world of smartphones and notebook computers, most people have at least one timetelling thing with them. Since these digital products are so common, is time running out for the 500yearold watch? According to some consumers, the answer is yes. New Jersey teenager Charlie Wollman says a watch is “an extra piece of equipment with no necessary function”. Many young adults think so and use their smartphones to tell time. It is said that fewer young people wear watches today than ten years ago. As a result, some people say that the watch industry is at a crossroads.‎ However, watchmakers optimistically say that watches redeem popularity when consumers reach their 20s and 30s. By then, they are willing to spend money on a quality watch that doesn’t just keep good time. Fifty years ago, watchmakers took pride in their products’ accuracy. But in recent years, the watch industry has changed itself into an accessory business. And today, the image a watch communicates has become more important than the time it tells.‎ ‎“Complications” — features that go beyond simple timekeeping — are an important part of a watch’s image. Today’s watches offer lots of features that meet almost any personality. These features include compasses, USB drivers, and even other functions that measure the effectiveness of golf swings!‎ Creativity also plays a key role in designing today’s watches. For example, Japanese watchmaker Tokyoflash makes watches that don’t even look like watches. The company’s popular Shinshoku model uses different color lights to tell time. It looks more like a fashionable bracelet than a watch.‎ Whether a watch communicates fashion sense, creative talent of a love sports, consumers want their watches to stand out. Nowadays, everyone has the same kind of gadget in their bags, so people want to make a statement with what’s on their wrists. Will this interest in wrist fashion last? Only time will tell!‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。有人认为，现在有很多可显示时间的设备，因此手表将会退出历史舞台；而制表商则认为，他们的手表能满足人们的不同个性和需求，手表还会流行起来。‎ ‎1．What can we know from the first paragraph?‎ A．As most people see, watches are out of fashion.‎ B．The watch industry will close down sooner or later.‎ C．Some people feel that watches have been of no use.‎ D．There are so many choices of watches for teenagers today.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第五句可知，有些人认为，手表已经没什么用了。故选C。‎ ‎2．The underlined word “redeem” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”．‎ A．enlarge　　　　　　 　B．regain C．change D．win 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知，制表商们认为，消费者在二三十岁的时候，就会乐意花钱买一个不错的手表，因此他们对手表能重获消费者的青睐持乐观态度。由此可推知，“redeem”的意思应为“重获”，与regain的意思相近。故选B。‎ ‎3．Japanese watchmaker Tokyoflash is mentioned in Paragraph 4 to ________.‎ A．tell that today’s watches need more imagination B．show why Shinshoku watches are popular C．advertise Shinshoku watches made by Tokyoflash D．make a comparison between watches and bracelets 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句中的“For example ...”可推知，作者提到日本的制表商Tokyoflash是为了说明在第一句中所表达的观点，即如今的手表需要更多的创造性和想象力。故选A。‎ ‎4．What might be the most suitable title for the passage?‎ A．Japanese Watches Stand Out B．Watches Tell More Than Time C．Watch Industry Is in a Bad Situation D．Watches Are Becoming Less Popular 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是：为了迎合时代的发展和人们的需求，现在的手表不仅能显示时间，还有一些新功能，比如有指南针和U盘接口等，制表商对手表的未来充满了信心。B项意为“手表不仅仅能显示时间”，体现了本文的中心，适合做标题。故选B。‎ ‎[三]‎ The term “helicopter parents” refers to “a style of parents who are over focused on their children”．‎ Helicopter parents are always making a big push to provide children with every opportunity to succeed, from baby steps at age 1, homework at age 8, college application at age 18, employment issues at age 25 to family problems at age 30, 40 or even older. They constantly shadow the child, always directing his behavior, allowing him zero alone time.‎ Helicopter parenting can develop for a number of reasons. Worries about the economy, the job market, and the world in general can push parents toward taking more control over their child’s life in an attempt to protect them. Adults who felt unloved or ignored as children can overcompensate with their own children. When parents see other overinvolved parents, it can cause a similar response. They feel that if they don’t involve themselves in their children’s lives, they are bad parents.‎ The main problem with helicopter parenting is that it can backfire. To give an example, the house where Mary lived with roommates was broken into and things were stolen. Mary called the landlord (房东) to install an alarm system, but before she could finish the negotiations (协商), her mother rushed in and demanded action. “I felt like my mother ruined my communication with our landlord. We could have gotten it done ourselves. She was well intended but only made me feel annoyed and defeated，” says Mary.‎ Obviously, overparenting is motivated with the idea of doing good things but it does the ‎ exact opposite. In the long run parents are actually damaging their child’s basic skills to deal with matters independently. It makes the child feel lacking in confidence, less competent in dealing with the stresses of life on their own. They’re winning the battle, but actually losing the war.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，介绍了“直升机式家长”教育孩子的方法，并剖析了“直升机式家长”形成的原因，以及他们的教育方式给孩子的生活、教育所带来的负面影响。‎ ‎1．What’s the purpose of helicopter parents’ overparenting?‎ A．To do something good for their children.‎ B．To make their children not ignored.‎ C．To help their children find a good job.‎ D．To get rid of the pressure from other parents.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，直升机式家长总是尽力地为孩子提供成功的机会。由此可推知，直升机式家长过分管教孩子的目的是为孩子做些有帮助的事。故选A。‎ ‎2．What can we learn from the passage?‎ A．Children who have helicopter parents live a hard life.‎ B．Helicopter parenting only happens to very young children.‎ C．Helicopter parents can protect their children against all problems.‎ D．Helicopter parents do their children great harm in the long run.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，从长远来看，直升机式家长对孩子的过度管教会对孩子造成巨大伤害。故选D。‎ ‎3．What will possibly be discussed in the paragraph that follows?‎ A．The bad effects of helicopter parenting.‎ B．How we can avoid being helicopter parents.‎ C．Different opinions about helicopter parenting.‎ D．The reasons for the development of helicopter parents.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。最后一段最后一句句意为：直升机式家长可能赢了某场战役，但实际上输了一场战争。由此可推知，下一段内容应是劝说家长不要做直升机式家长。故选B。‎ ‎4．What is the author’s attitude towards “helicopter parenting”？‎ A．Uninterested.　　　　 　B．Objective.‎ C．Positive. D．Disapproving.‎ 解析：选D　观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，家长对孩子过度管教会对孩子的生活造成伤害，让孩子失去自信，失去处理生活压力的能力。由此可推知，作者不赞同对孩子进行直升机式管理。故选D。‎ ‎[四]‎ People need to seek out new foods because the world has so many mouths to feed. As of 2015, there are more than seven billion people on Earth, according to the United Nations. And by 2100 that number may double. Feeding all of these people means not only improving the way foods are grown, but also finding new sources of nutrition.‎ And that_quest is becoming ever more urgent. If nothing changes, within 35 years, the world’s appetite will be greater than the amount of foods produced. That’s according to a report released last year. It was prepared by the Global Harvest Initiative, a private agriculture group based in Washington, D．C.‎ Global warming, too, is changing food production. Scientists predict that rising temperatures will reduce the growth of important crops like wheat, corn and soybeans. Low income developing countries will be hit the hardest. When harvests fall, crops become more expensive. And since those foods are also used to feed animals like cows and pigs, meat prices, too, will rise.‎ All over the world, researchers are racing against the clock to figure out how best to feed more people in a fast changing world. And some surprising ideas have begun to come up. Two years ago, scientists introduced the first burger made from meat grown in a lab. The project cost more than D|S300,000, but it’s a start. Other researchers are developing seeds that can survive high temperatures and drought. Still others are finding ways to improve the genes of meat animals so they produce more meat and can stand the heat.‎ A gloomy (悲观的) forecast for the planet isn’t the only reason to study foods for the future. It’s a creative quest that will inspire people who can think in new ways about existing plants and animals — even insects. These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲的是在全球变暖的环境下，人们应如何应对日益膨胀的人口的温饱问题。‎ ‎8．What do the underlined words “that quest” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The research on foods.‎ B．The increase of population.‎ C．The variety of nutrition.‎ D．The change of appetite.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句及下文的食物研究可知，画线词指对食物的研究。‎ ‎9．How does global warming affect low income developing countries?‎ a．Increase meat prices.‎ b．Raise the temperature.‎ c．Reduce the growth of crops.‎ d．Lead to the high cost of life.‎ e．Cause a higher price for crops.‎ A．b→a→c→d→e B．c→a→b→d→e C．d→e→c→a→b D．b→c→e→a→d 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段的整体内容可知，全球变暖首先是导致气温上升，然后是农作物减产，从而农作物价格上涨，进而肉类涨价，最终会导致人们生活成本增加。‎ ‎10．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?‎ A．New ways of farming.‎ B．Some great researchers.‎ C．Progress in food research.‎ D．Achievements in lab experiments.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。根据第四段的第二句“And some surprising ideas have begun to come up.”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，本段主要讲述的是食物研究方面的进步。‎ ‎11．What will be discussed in the following paragraph?‎ A．Examples of successful food researchers.‎ B．Different opinions about the future food.‎ C．Methods of dealing with global warming.‎ D．Possibilities of feeding the present population.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted.”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，下文会举一些成功的食物研究者的例子。‎ ‎[五]‎ Vacation is a time for refreshment. In work, we are often called to think. Sometimes, it’s good to give our brains a rest. Without a break, we may not be able to perform up to our potential. This can be a problem, not only for the employee, but for the employer as well.‎ ‎“The main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized，” says Weaver. “If they haven’t had a break, then they’re not coming back with new energy. They haven’t had a chance to step back and get perspective (客观判断力), and come back with renewed enthusiasm.”‎ Long working hours without a break, insecurity (无保障) about one’s job, and other workrelated worries can lead to burnout and stress. Humans can usually adapt to pressure, but not for a limitless amount of time.‎ ‎“It is a problem of relating good workers and having them loyal to the firm while they’re there，” says David Maume, PhD, professor of sociology at the University of Cincinnati. He says burnout can also affect employees’ productivity, creativity, and effectiveness.‎ In addition, high levels of stress are likely to be precursors (前兆) to depression, which can hit both the employer and employee’s pocketbook. Even people who manage to remain productive at work can have problems. If they’re always at work, then they’re not with their family and friends. If they’re working while on vacation, for the time that they’re on the job, they’re not really present.‎ An unbalanced emphasis on work can strain family and social life. When you come up for air, you may see that you’re alone, or that your relationships have gone on without you.‎ 语篇解读：员工的休假是必需的。休假可以使员工恢复体力和脑力，从而提高工作效率；如果没有休假，员工会产生焦虑、担心、心不在焉等不良情绪。‎ ‎12．What’s the main benefit of vacation?‎ A．The worker can come back with new energy.‎ B．The worker can step back and get more excited.‎ C．The manager can be more creative.‎ D．The worker can adapt to pressure much better.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“The main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized”可知，休完假后员工会充满活力，故A项正确。‎ ‎13．When a worker is always at work, he is likely to get more and more ________.‎ A．energetic B．absentminded C．skillful D．active ‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知，长时间工作，没有休息，会使得员工精疲力尽、压力过大；据此可以判断，如果员工长时间工作而没有休息，他可能会心不在焉，故B项正确。‎ ‎14．The underlined word “there” in the fourth paragraph probably refers to ________.‎ A．the vacation B．the company ‎ C．the university D．the home ‎ 解析：选B　代词指代题。根据第四段第一句可知，当员工在公司工作时，使优秀的员工忠诚于公司便成了问题；据此可以判断，句中的“there”指代“firm”，B项意为“公司”，和“firm”为同义词，故B项正确。‎ ‎15．Which of the following is the best title of the text?‎ A．Why the workers need vacation.‎ B．How to spend the vacation effectively.‎ C．How to deal with the daily pressure.‎ D．Why the workers need new energy.‎ 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题段是第一段；根据该段的第一句和第四句可知，本文主要介绍员工需要休假的原因，故A项最适合做本文标题。‎ ‎[六]‎ Vacation is a time for refreshment. In work, we are often called to think. Sometimes, it’s good to give our brains a rest. Without a break, we may not be able to perform up to our potential. This can be a problem, not only for the employee, but for the employer as well.‎ ‎“The main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized，” says Weaver. “If they haven’t had a break, then they’re not coming back with new energy. They haven’t had a chance to step back and get perspective (客观判断力), and come back with renewed enthusiasm.”‎ Long working hours without a break, insecurity (无保障) about one’s job, and other workrelated worries can lead to burnout and stress. Humans can usually adapt to pressure, but not for a limitless amount of time.‎ ‎“It is a problem of relating good workers and having them loyal to the firm while they’re there，” says David Maume, PhD, professor of sociology at the University of Cincinnati. He says burnout can also affect employees’ productivity, creativity, and effectiveness.‎ In addition, high levels of stress are likely to be precursors (前兆) to depression, which can hit both the employer and employee’s pocketbook. Even people who manage to remain productive at work can have problems. If they’re always at work, then they’re not with their family and friends. If they’re working while on vacation, for the time that they’re on the job, they’re not really present.‎ An unbalanced emphasis on work can strain family and social life. When you come up for air, you may see that you’re alone, or that your relationships have gone on without you.‎ 语篇解读：员工的休假是必需的。休假可以使员工恢复体力和脑力，从而提高工作效率；如果没有休假，员工会产生焦虑、担心、心不在焉等不良情绪。‎ ‎12．What’s the main benefit of vacation?‎ A．The worker can come back with new energy.‎ B．The worker can step back and get more excited.‎ C．The manager can be more creative.‎ D．The worker can adapt to pressure much better.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“The main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized”可知，休完假后员工会充满活力，故A项正确。‎ ‎13．When a worker is always at work, he is likely to get more and more ________.‎ A．energetic B．absentminded C．skillful D．active ‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知，长时间工作，没有休息，会使得员工精疲力尽、压力过大；据此可以判断，如果员工长时间工作而没有休息，他可能会心不在焉，故B项正确。‎ ‎14．The underlined word “there” in the fourth paragraph probably refers to ________.‎ A．the vacation B．the company ‎ C．the university D．the home ‎ 解析：选B　代词指代题。根据第四段第一句可知，当员工在公司工作时，使优秀的员工忠诚于公司便成了问题；据此可以判断，句中的“there”指代“firm”，B项意为“公司”，和“firm”为同义词，故B项正确。‎ ‎15．Which of the following is the best title of the text?‎ A．Why the workers need vacation.‎ B．How to spend the vacation effectively.‎ C．How to deal with the daily pressure.‎ D．Why the workers need new energy.‎ 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题段是第一段；根据该段的第一句和第四句可知，本文主要介绍员工需要休假的原因，故A项最适合做本文标题。‎ ‎[七]‎ People need to seek out new foods because the world has so many mouths to feed. As of 2015, there are more than seven billion people on Earth, according to the United Nations. And by 2100 that number may double. Feeding all of these people means not only improving the way foods are grown, but also finding new sources of nutrition.‎ And that_quest is becoming ever more urgent. If nothing changes, within 35 years, the world’s appetite will be greater than the amount of foods produced. That’s according to a report released last year. It was prepared by the Global Harvest Initiative, a private agriculture group based in Washington, D．C.‎ Global warming, too, is changing food production. Scientists predict that rising temperatures will reduce the growth of important crops like wheat, corn and soybeans. Low income developing countries will be hit the hardest. When harvests fall, crops become more expensive. And since those foods are also used to feed animals like cows and pigs, meat prices, too, will rise.‎ All over the world, researchers are racing against the clock to figure out how best to feed more people in a fast changing world. And some surprising ideas have begun to come up. Two years ago, scientists introduced the first burger made from meat grown in a lab. The project cost more than D|S300,000, but it’s a start. Other researchers are developing seeds that can survive ‎ high temperatures and drought. Still others are finding ways to improve the genes of meat animals so they produce more meat and can stand the heat.‎ A gloomy (悲观的) forecast for the planet isn’t the only reason to study foods for the future. It’s a creative quest that will inspire people who can think in new ways about existing plants and animals — even insects. These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲的是在全球变暖的环境下，人们应如何应对日益膨胀的人口的温饱问题。‎ ‎8．What do the underlined words “that quest” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The research on foods.‎ B．The increase of population.‎ C．The variety of nutrition.‎ D．The change of appetite.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句及下文的食物研究可知，画线词指对食物的研究。‎ ‎9．How does global warming affect low income developing countries?‎ a．Increase meat prices.‎ b．Raise the temperature.‎ c．Reduce the growth of crops.‎ d．Lead to the high cost of life.‎ e．Cause a higher price for crops.‎ A．b→a→c→d→e B．c→a→b→d→e C．d→e→c→a→b D．b→c→e→a→d 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段的整体内容可知，全球变暖首先是导致气温上升，然后是农作物减产，从而农作物价格上涨，进而肉类涨价，最终会导致人们生活成本增加。‎ ‎10．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?‎ A．New ways of farming.‎ B．Some great researchers.‎ C．Progress in food research.‎ D．Achievements in lab experiments.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。根据第四段的第二句“And some surprising ideas have begun to come up.”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，本段主要讲述的是食物研究方面的进步。‎ ‎11．What will be discussed in the following paragraph?‎ A．Examples of successful food researchers.‎ B．Different opinions about the future food.‎ C．Methods of dealing with global warming.‎ D．Possibilities of feeding the present population.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted.”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，下文会举一些成功的食物研究者的例子。‎ ‎[八]‎ Families should reduce exposure to synthetic chemicals found in food colouring, preservatives and packaging materials as a growing body of research shows they may harm children’s health, according to a policy statement and technical report from the American Academy of Paediatrics released online.‎ The statement also suggests improvements to the food additives regulatory system, including updating the scientific foundation of the U.S. Food and Drug Administrations safety assessment programme and retesting all previously approved chemicals.‎ Q&A with the lead author We asked Leonardo Trasande, Council on Environmental Health member and lead author of the policy statement, to tell us more about these concerns.‎ Q: What are the growing number of studies showing us?‎ A: Over the past two decades, an accumulating body of science suggests some food additives can interfere with a child’s hormones, growth and development.‎ Potentially harmful effects of food additives are of special concern for children because they are more sensitive to chemical exposures because they eat and drink more, relative to body weight, than adults do and are still growing and developing. An early injury to their organ systems can have lifelong and permanent consequences.‎ Q: What additives does the statement highlight?‎ A: The additives of most concern, based on rising research evidence cited in the report, include: ‎ l Bisphenols, such as BPA, used to harden plastic containers and line metal cans, can act like estrogen（雌激素）in the body which may potentially change the timing of puberty, decrease fertility, increase body fat and affect the nervous and immune systems. BPA is now banned in baby bottles.‎ l Phthalates, which make plastic and vinyl tubes used in industrial food production flexible, may affect male genital development, increase childhood obesity and contribute to cardiovascular disease. In 2017, the Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the use or ‎ some phthalates in child-care products such as teething rings.‎ ‎60. According to the American Academy of Paediatrics’ report, people should ______ to cope with the problem of food additives.‎ A. try to avoid food additives in daily life and revise relevant rules on food additives B. update the food safety assessment program and check the approved chemicals again C. improve the food additives regulatory system and retest all approved chemicals D. reduce the usage of food additives and establish new food protection system ‎61. Leonardo Trasande holds the view that food additives do more harm to children than adults because study shows ______.‎ A. children are more sensitive to what they eat and drink than adults B. children usually eat and drink more unhealthy food than adults C. children are just too young and weak to protect themselves D. children’s organs are easier to be damaged and hard to recover ‎62. How many specific kinds of harmful effect caused by the additives are mentioned in the passage?‎ A. 2 B. 7 C. 8 D. 3‎ 参考答案：60. A 61. D 62. B ‎[九]‎ If you are in a dilemma(困境) about being self-taught or getting formal education, you have come to the right webpage. In this article, we note the advantages of each of these to help you decide which one would be the best for you.‎ Perhaps the biggest advantage of being self-taught is that you are able to save a lot of money. With each passing year, the cost of getting a degree is on the rise. As a result, many students these days tend to graduate from college with a significant amount of debt. This makes it necessary for them to get a job as soon as possible, otherwise a number of serious issues may arise. Besides, it is possible to learn faster on your own, by focusing on only those areas that you are interested in. Finally, learning on your own can be a great confidence-builder. You have to struggle to gain knowledge but once you clear the basics on your own, you will find yourself being much more confident about your abilities.‎ One of the biggest advantages of formal education is that you get a degree which is a mark of recognition that you have achieved a level of knowledge in that particular field. Many companies tend to prefer candidates who have a college degree .What’s more, though formal ‎ education lacks the convenience and flexibility of self-education, it offers you much more in terms of the actual structure of the learning process. Last, being formally educated means that you will enter a college or other similar educational institutions. There you will get the benefit of being taught and guided by learned teachers and other subject experts. This will be a big benefit as you will be able to take advantage of their experience and gain in-depth knowledge about the subject.‎ Thus, both formal education and self-education have their own sets of advantages. The choice between the two comes down to individual preference as well as personal situation.‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文分析了正规教育和自考教育各自的优势。自考教育或接受正规教育的选择取决于个人喜好和个人情况。‎ ‎1. Which of the following is an advantage of self-education?‎ A. A faster pace of learning.‎ B. Being guided by subject experts.‎ C. A wider range of ways to gain knowledge.‎ D. Having more chances of getting part-time jobs.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容,可总结出自学的三个优点“save a lot of money....Besides, it is possible to learn faster on your own, by focusing on only those areas that you are interested in....a great confidence-builder”。A项是其第二个优点。‎ ‎2.To get the benefit of being taught by learned experts, you should 　　　. ‎ A. choose self-education B. enter an educational institution C. work for learned teachers D. make use of webpages about education 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Last, being formally educated means that you will enter a college or other similar educational institutions. There you will get the benefit of being taught and guided by learned teachers and other subject experts.”可知,要想获得有学问的专家的指导,可以进入“an educational institution”,故B项正确。‎ ‎3. What is the most important factor in choosing the way of education?‎ A. The reputation of educational institutions.‎ B. The knowledge of teachers and experts.‎ C. The opinions of relatives and friends.‎ D. One’s preference and situation.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“The choice between the two comes down to individual preference as well as personal situation.” 可知,两者之间的选择取决于个人喜好和个人情况。‎ ‎4. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?‎ A. To promote a webpage about education.‎ B. To prove that self-education is the best choice.‎ C. To help readers choose between two forms of education.‎ D. To prove that it’s difficult to decide on the proper education.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。本文第一段告诉读者“如果你正处于选择自考教育或接受正规教育的两难境地,那么你就来对了地方了。在这篇文章中,我们会举出每一种教育的优点,以帮助您决定哪一种最适合您的情况。”,接着第二段和第三段各自分析二者的优点,最后一段说 “因此,正规教育和自考教育都有自己的优势。两者之间的选择取决于个人喜好和个人情况。”由此可知C项正确。‎ ‎[十]‎ ‎ We use language every day to express our emotions, but can this language actually affect what and how we feel? Two new studies from Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, explore the ways in which the interaction between language and emotion influences our well-being.‎ ‎ Putting Feelings into Words Can Help Us Cope with Scary Situations ‎ Katharina Kircanski and colleagues at the University of California, Los Angeles investigated whether verbalizing a current emotional experience, even when that experience is negative, might be an effective method for treating for people with spider phobias. In an exposure therapy study, participants were put into different experimental groups and they were instructed to approach a spider over several successive days.‎ ‎ One group was told to put their feelings into words by describing their negative emotions about approaching the spider. Another group was asked to "judge" the situation by describing the spider using emotionally neutral words. A third group was told to talk about an unrelated topic (things in their home) and a fourth group received no intervention. Participants who put their negative feelings into words were most effective at lowering their levels of physiological arousal. They were also slightly more willing to approach the spider. The findings suggest that talking about your feelings—even if they're negative-may help you to cope with a scary situation.‎ ‎ Unlocking Past Emotion: The Verbs We Use Can Affect Mood and Happiness ‎ Our memory for events is influenced by the language we use. When we talk about a past occurrence, we can describe it as ongoing (I was running) or already completed (I ran). To investigate whether using these different wordings might affect our mood and overall happiness, Will Hart of the University‎ of ‎Alabama conducted four experiments in which participants either recalled or experienced a positive, negative, or neutral event. They found that people who described a positive event with words that suggested it was ongoing felt more positive. And when they described a negative event in the same way, they felt more negative.‎ ‎ The authors conclude that one potential way to improve mood could be to talk about negative past events as something that already happened as opposed to something that was happening.‎ ‎11. What has an influence on people's happiness?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ Language.‎ ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ The interaction between language and emotion.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ Emotion.‎ ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ The ways people are living.‎ ‎12. Which group proves the first conclusion?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ Group One.‎ B.‎ ‎ Group Two.‎ C.‎ ‎ Group Three.‎ D.‎ ‎ Group Four.‎ ‎13. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ Negative past events may be changed by talking in opposite words.‎ ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ Some unpleasant past experience expressed differently will improve one's mood.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ What is happening now can influence our past emotion.‎ ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ What happened in the past may still affect us even for long.‎ ‎14. How does language affect one's emotion?‎ ‎ ‎ A.‎ ‎ By influencing the current experience and the past memory.‎ ‎ ‎ B.‎ ‎ By putting feelings into our memory and unlocking past emotion.‎ ‎ ‎ C.‎ ‎ By verbalizing a current emotional experience.‎ ‎ ‎ D.‎ ‎ By influencing our memory for events.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A