2018届译林版必修5一轮复习：Unit2Theenvironment单元学案设计（44页）

2018届译林版必修5一轮复习：Unit2Theenvironment单元学案设计（44页）

‎2018届译林版必修5一轮复习：Unit2The environment单元学案设计 一 重点单词 Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．debate n．&vi.辩论；争论，讨论 ‎2．greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的 ‎3．responsibility n．责任，职责 ‎4．belief n．看法；信念 ‎5．willing adj.愿意的，乐意的 ‎6．arrival n．到来，抵达；到达者 ‎7．arrest vt.&n.逮捕 ‎8. impress vt.使印象深刻 ‎9．decrease vt.&vi.&n.减少 ‎10．measure n．措施，方法；尺度；vt.测量；估量，判定 ‎11．flood n．洪水；大批，大量；vt.&vi.泛滥；淹没；大量涌入 ‎12. range n．范围；一系列；山脉；vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序 ‎13．appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感激；领会 appreciation n．感激，感谢；欣赏；理解；(艺术方面的)鉴定，评估 ‎14．particular adj.专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的 particularly adv.尤其，特别 ‎15．absorb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注 absorbed adj.全神贯注的，专心致志的 ‎16．decade n．十年 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎17．economy n．经济(情况)；经济体 ‎18．billion n．十亿 ‎19．production n．产量；生产 produce vt.&vi.生产，制造；n.产品；(尤指)农产品 product n．产品；产物 ‎20．recycle vt.&vi.回收利用 ‎21．environmental adj.环境的 ‎22．operate vt.&vi.经营；动手术 ‎23．credit n．赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分 ‎24．quantity n．数量 ‎25．customs n．海关；关税 ‎26．economic adj.经济的 ‎27．conflict vi.&n.冲突；抵触；矛盾 ‎28．administration n．管理；管理部门；施行；(美国)政府 ‎29．illegal adj.违法的，非法的 illegally adv.违法地，非法地 legal adj.法律许可的，合法的 legally adv.法律上，合法地 ‎30．conservation n．(对自然环境的)保护 conserve vt.保护；保存 ‎31．climate n．气候 ‎32．lowcarbon adj.低碳的 ‎33．vehicle n．交通工具，车辆 ‎34．engine n．发动机，引擎 ‎35．fuel n．燃料；vt.&vi.提供燃料；加油 ‎36．consume vt.消耗，耗费；消费 consumer n．消费者，顾客，用户 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce(production) your music.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎2．Students who are successful in an online course are usually capable of working independently in a responsible(responsibility) and honest manner.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎3．As for the working environment(environmental)，Tanis prefers working by herself.(2016·北京)‎ ‎4．Hundreds of people have formed impressions(impress) of you through that little device(装置) on your desk.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎5．He looked at the shop window with greedy(greed) eyes.‎ ‎6．I don’t think I have a particularly(particular) good chance of getting the job，but it's certainly worth trying for.‎ ‎7．As he grew older，his appreciation(appreciate) of art grew.‎ ‎8．However，when something did interest me，I could become absorbed(absorb)．(2016·北京)‎ ‎9．More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy(economic)．‎ ‎(2015·四川)‎ ‎10．We waited for the arrival(arrive) of our guests.‎ ‎1．open the floor自由发言 ‎2．cut back on减少，削减，缩减 ‎3．use up用尽 ‎4．run out(of)用完，耗尽 ‎5．clean up打扫(或清除)干净 ‎6．queue up排队等候 ‎7．pick out找出，挑选 ‎8．under way进行中 ‎9．in/with regard to关于，至于 ‎10．let off排放 ‎11．in particular尤其，特别 ‎12．do one’s part尽自己的职责 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ The population of the world is growing larger，and we are 1.using up(用尽)‎ ‎ natural resources.What if they 2.run out(用完)？3.In/With regard to(关于) the topic，we held a class meeting and 4.opened the floor(自由发言) for discussion.As follows are the students’ opinions.Firstly，factories should try to 5.cut back on(减少) the products made directly from raw materials.Secondly，the government should make more strict laws to protect the environment.Last but not least，we students 6.in particular(尤其) should 7.do our part(尽我们的职责) to devote ourselves to sustainable development.‎ ‎1．“do/does/did＋动词原形”表强调 However，I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.‎ 然而，我确实赞同我们应该利用回收材料制造更多的产品，减少原材料的使用，因为原材料的供应越来越紧张。‎ 仿写　他确实每天都去图书馆。‎ He does go to the library every day.‎ ‎2．What if...?‎ What if they run out?‎ 如果它们用完了怎么办呢？‎ 仿写　如果外星人来到地球怎么办？‎ What if aliens should come to the earth? ‎ ‎3．There is no doubt that...‎ There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.‎ 毫无疑问，世界气候近年来一直发生着变化。‎ 仿写　毫无疑问你能和他们友好相处。(2014·天津)‎ There is no doubt that you can get along well with them.‎ ‎ debate n．辩论；讨论 vt.争论；思考 vi.辩论 ‎(1)After a long debate，the House of Commons approved the bill.‎ 经过长时间的辩论， 下议院通过了议案。(牛津高阶)‎ ‎(2)They debated/had a debate about/on/over who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 o’clock.‎ 就谁该对这起交通事故承担责任，他们一直辩论到9点。‎ ‎(3)The suggestion is still under debate.‎ 那个提议仍然还在讨论中。‎ debate on/over/about sth.就某事辩论 have a debate on/over/about就……辩论 under debate正在讨论中 beyond debate毋庸置疑 　debate，argue，quarrel，discuss ‎(1)debate多指公开、正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论，侧重双方各自申诉理由。‎ ‎(2)argue指一方坚持自己的意见、立场和观点，通过争论企图说服对方。‎ ‎(3)quarrel争吵，因生气而发生语言冲突。‎ ‎(4)discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的磋商，以便统一认识。‎ ‎[选词填空]‎ ‎(1)He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday.‎ ‎(2)Those girls are always quarrelling over little things.‎ ‎(3)In today’s meeting we will further discuss what to teach during the next week.‎ ‎(4)The whole class debated heatedly on how to raise enough money.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(5)我们正在讨论下一步该怎么办。‎ We are debating what to do next.‎ ‎(6)这则新闻的真实性毋庸置疑。‎ The truth of this news is beyond debate.‎ ‎ belief n．看法；信念 ‎(1)One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world.‎ 一个关于电视的传统观点是，它降低了孩子的思考能力和理解世界的能力。‎ ‎(2015·广东)‎ ‎(2)He has lost his belief in God.‎ 他已经不相信上帝了。‎ ‎(1)belief in sth./sb.对……相信 beyond (one’s) belief难以置信 hold the belief that持有……的观点 It is one’s belief that...某人相信……‎ ‎(2)believe v．相信 believe in信任；信赖 believe it or not信不信由你 It is believed that...据信……‎ belief后跟介词in，表示“相信……”；也经常接that引导的名词性从句。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)My brother has a firm belief in the value of cold bath.‎ ‎(2)It is generally believed that seeing is believing.‎ ‎(3)He comes to me in the belief that I can help him.‎ ‎(4)The story of his life is beyond my belief.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(5)I believe that good manners are very important to everybody.‎ It is my belief that good manners are very important to everybody.‎ ‎(6)It is believed that he has told the truth.‎ He is believed to have told the truth.‎ ‎ operate v．经营；动手术；操作(机器)；(机器)运转；运作 ‎(1)What skills are needed to operate this machinery?‎ 操作这种机器需要什么技能？(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)The new regulations will come into operation next Sunday. ‎ 新的规章下星期日起生效。‎ ‎(1)operate on/upon sb.给某人动手术 ‎(2)operation n．操作；经营；手术；运算 be in operation在运转；在行动中；在实施中 come into operation开始工作(生效)‎ put...into operation实施；实行 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)You want to let a robot operate on/upon me?‎ ‎(2)The system has been in operation for six months.‎ ‎(3)This machine is very easy to operate(operate)．‎ ‎(4)In the good care of the nurses，the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation(operate)．‎ ‎(5)He dialed the operator(operate) and put in a call for Rome.‎ ‎ measure v．测量；度量；量度为；估量，判定 n．措施；方法；尺度；标准；计量制；计量单位 ‎(1)Could you measure the height of the wall for me? ‎ 你能为我量一下墙的高度吗？(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it?‎ 我们仅仅是敷衍还是采取实际措施去保护它呢？‎ take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事 make sth.to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物 measure...by...用……来衡量……‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)You should take effective measures(measure) to improve your working conditions.‎ ‎(2)Please make a suit to my measure.‎ ‎(3)Urgent measures have been taken(take) to prevent car emission；but even so，its influence is still great enough to cause smog and acid rain.‎ ‎(4)Education shouldn’t be measured(measure) purely by examination results.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)There are some tall trees on the hill and some measure 30 meters.(用独立主格结构改写)‎ There are some tall trees on the hill，some measuring 30 meters.‎ ‎ range n．种类；范围；一系列；山脉 v．排列；涉及；包括；(在一定范围内变化)‎ ‎(1)The drug is effective against a range of bacteria.‎ 这种药品对一类细菌有效。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)Be sure that the game you select is within the range of your students’ ability.‎ 注意你所选的游戏一定得在学生的能力范围内。‎ a range of一系列……‎ beyond/out of one’s range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围；在……无法触及的地方 in/within the range of在……范围之内 range from...to...从……到……之间变化 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools ranging(range) from kindergarten to high school.‎ ‎(2)We have a range of men’s shirts on special offer.‎ ‎(3)Topics range from beauty to the risks of drinking.‎ ‎ appreciate v．欣赏，赏识；感激，感谢；理解；意识到 ‎(1)He knew how much we loved the place and that we’d appreciate the years of ‎ work they had put into their home.‎ 他知道我们很喜爱这所房子，我们将会赏识他们多年来为这所房子所付出的劳动。(2015·天津)‎ ‎(2)I would appreciate it very much if you could give me an early reply.‎ 如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。‎ ‎(1)appreciate doing...感激做……‎ I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。‎ ‎(2)appreciation n．欣赏；感激 in appreciation of欣赏；感激 ‎(1)appreciate后接v.ing形式。‎ ‎(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。‎ ‎(3)其后不直接跟if或when等引导的从句，需先接it，再接从句。‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I don’t appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.‎ ‎(2)He expressed his appreciation(appreciate) for what she had done.‎ ‎(3)I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.‎ ‎(4)He is given a rise in appreciation of his excellent work.‎ ‎ cut back on减少；削减；缩减 ‎(1)If we don’t sell more goods，we’ll have to cut back on production.‎ 我们若不能增加货物的销售量，就必须大幅度降低产量。(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)I must cut out going to bed too late.‎ 我必须改掉晚睡的习惯。‎ cut down砍倒；削减；压缩 cut in插嘴 cut up切碎；使痛心 cut off切断；阻隔 cut out剪掉；删掉；停止 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)遮荫之树不可砍。‎ Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade.‎ ‎(2)我感觉与世隔绝好多年了。‎ I felt I had been cut off from the outside world for years.‎ ‎(3)他因儿子死了极为悲伤。‎ He was badly cut up by the death of his son.‎ ‎(4)别人谈话时不要插嘴。‎ Don’t try to cut in while others are talking.‎ ‎ run out of (人)用完；从……中流出/跑出 ‎(1)Along the way，I realized that I had run out of resumes.‎ 在路上，我意识到我已用完了我的简历。‎ ‎(2)If the cash runs out，your shopping time is over for the day.‎ 如果现金用完了，你一天的购物时间就结束了。‎ run out结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态) run across跑着穿过；偶然碰见 run after追捕；跟踪；追求 run away跑开；逃走 run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) in the long run从长远来看 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)One day she happened to run across Xiao Liu.‎ ‎(2)The changes in the city will cost quite a lot，but they will save us money in the long run.‎ ‎(3)If you run after two hares，you will catch neither.‎ ‎(4)Lost in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.‎ ‎(5)In the future，care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run out.‎ ‎(6)A soldier will not run away in face of danger.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(7)He ran out of his ink.(用his ink作主语改写)‎ His ink was run out of/ran out/was used up.‎ ‎ pick out挑出；辨别出；认出；领会 ‎(1)Perhaps you can help me pick out a pair of jeans now，since you are an expert.‎ 因为你是行家，也许你能帮我挑选一条牛仔裤。(2014·四川)‎ ‎(2)Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.‎ 山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。‎ ‎(3)The gardener picked off the dead flowers.‎ 园丁摘掉了凋谢的花。‎ pick up捡起；使恢复；得到(知识等)；开车接某人 pick off去除；剪除 ‎[写出下列句子中pick out的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)I have picked out the bad potatoes from the basket.挑出，拣出 ‎(2)He picked out an old friend in the crowd.认出 ‎(3)I can’t pick out the meaning of the poem. 领会 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(4)You should not pick off any of the flowers.‎ ‎(5)I will pick you up after work this afternoon.‎ ‎(6)It’s easy for her to pick out her son among the children.‎ ‎(7)He was picked(pick) out from dozens of applicants for the job.‎ ‎ credit n．信誉；信用；学分；赞扬；认可 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)我反对你申请信用卡。‎ I object to your applying for a credit card.‎ ‎(2)值得称赞的是，他们一直在齐心合力地工作。‎ To their credit，they are working together.‎ ‎(3)我们必须要停止把公司和商人们当成敌人，并给他们更多的信任！‎ We need to stop thinking of companies and businessmen as the enemy，and give them more credit!‎ 名师点拨 to one’s credit某人值得赞扬 ‎ quantity n．数量；量 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)A large quantity of beer was sold(sell) yesterday.‎ ‎(2)Large quantities of food are wasted(waste) because of the way it looks.‎ ‎(3)The cards are cheaper if you buy them in quantity.‎ 名师点拨 in quantity大量 quantities of＋名词＋复数谓语动词 许多……‎ a quantity of＋　大量……‎ ‎ arrest n．& vt.逮捕；拘留；吸引；阻止 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)With the help of the old man the criminals were put under arrest.‎ ‎(2)The film star got arrested(arrest) for possession of illegal drugs.‎ ‎(3)They immediately reported him and had him arrested(arrest)．‎ 名师点拨 under arrest被捕，介词短语表示一个被动动作，例如：under discussion被讨论；under construction建设中。‎ ‎ conflict n．冲突，矛盾，斗争；争执 v．冲突，抵触；相左 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)John often comes into conflict with his boss.‎ ‎(2)His words are in conflict with his deeds.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(3)她经常因为钱与丈夫发生冲突。‎ ‎①She often comes into conflict with her husband over money.(conflict n．)‎ ‎②She often conflicts with her husband over money.(conflict v．)‎ 名师点拨 come into conflict with和……冲突(动作)‎ ‎(be) in conflict with和……冲突(状态)‎ conflict with与……发生冲突(动作)‎ ‎ particular adj.特别的；特殊的；讲究的；挑剔的 n．细节；细目 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The girl is very particular about/over her food.‎ ‎(2)She loves the song in particular，because her mother used to sing it.‎ ‎(3)Smoking is harmful to health，particularly(particular) for women and children.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)be particular about/over 对……挑剔/讲究 in particular 特别，尤其 ‎(2)particularly adv.特别，尤其，格外；详细地，详尽地 ‎ absorb v．吸收Times New Romanh@@液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)When deeply absorbed(absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.‎ ‎(2)Most little shops have been absorbed into/by big businesses.‎ ‎(3)After absorbing(absorb) enough water，the plants grow well.‎ ‎(4)Absorbed(absorb) in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching.(2015·天津)‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)特别注意absorb用其过去分词或形容词形式作状语的情况。‎ ‎(2)表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus one’s attention on，devote...to，concentrate one’s mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等。‎ ‎ with/in regard to关于，至于 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Davis had very little to say regarding(regard) the accident.‎ ‎(2)As regards economic issues，he agreed with our view.‎ ‎(3)I have something to say with regard to his behavior.‎ ‎(4)The law requires equal treatment for all，regardless of race，religion，or sex.‎ ‎(5)This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(6)Please give my to your family.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)as regards关于；至于 give one’s regards to sb.向某人问候 regard...as...把……当作……‎ ‎(2)regardless of不管；不顾 ‎(3)regarding prep.关于 ‎ under way进行中 ‎[短语填空]‎ ‎(1)In no way will I give in to you.‎ ‎(2)Don’t stand in the way；the bus is coming.‎ ‎(3)Though it rained cats and dogs，he made his way to school.‎ ‎(4)Because of the heavy fog many passengers lost their way and asked the police for help.‎ ‎(5)Preparations for coming sports meeting are well under way.‎ ‎(6)In a way good service sells out products.‎ ‎ What if they run out？,如果它们用完了怎么办呢？‎ ‎(1)What if we invited them to come here for a party instead?‎ 要是我们把他们请来举行派对怎么样？(2015·北京)‎ ‎(2)Guess what？I win a free ticket.‎ 你猜怎么着，我赢了一张免费票！‎ What if...？意为“如果……将会怎样；即使……又有什么关系？”为省略结构，相当于What shall we/I do if...？what if中what可看作是what should sb.do或what does it matter或what would happen的省略。what if用于提出假设时，其后的句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或should＋动词原形)。‎ What for？为何目的？为何理由？‎ So what？那又怎么样？‎ What/How about...？……怎么样？‎ Guess what？你猜怎么着？‎ What’s up？＝What’s the matter？怎么了？‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)What if you should fail?‎ ‎(2)How about going(go) out for a walk?‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(3)—Her father is very rich.‎ ‎—So what(那又怎么样)？She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were offered.‎ ‎(4)What if he won’t come(要是他不愿意来怎么办)？Can you tell me?‎ ‎ There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.,毫无疑问，世界气候近年来一直发生着变化。‎ ‎(1)This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent，but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.‎ 这并不意味着我们变得更聪明或更不聪明了，但毫无疑问我们利用记忆的方式在改变。(2015·安徽)‎ ‎(2)I must say his honesty is beyond doubt.‎ 我得说他的诚实毫无疑问。‎ ‎(1)There is no doubt意为“毫无疑问”，后接that从句或“about＋名词”结构。There is doubt意为“……值得怀疑”，后接whether引导的从句或“about＋名词”结构。‎ ‎(2)doubt v．&n.意为“怀疑；疑问”，作动词时，其用法如下：‎ ‎①在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后接that引导的宾语从句；‎ ‎②在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。‎ 作名词时，用法如下：‎ ‎①用于肯定句时，一般接whether引导的同位语从句；‎ ‎②用于否定句或疑问句时，一般接that引导的同位语从句。‎ ‎(3)be in doubt犹豫不决 beyond doubt无疑地 no doubt无疑，确实 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time.‎ ‎(2)I doubt if/whether they can swim across the river.‎ ‎(3)There is no doubt that she will come in time.‎ ‎(4)I have some doubt whether he will be elected.‎ ‎(5)When in doubt，we’re here for you.Give us a call.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(6)There is no doubt that our experiment will succeed.(用“about＋名词”结构改写)‎ There is no doubt about the success of our experiment.‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 People are having a debate about whether 1.to develop(develop)the economy or protect the environment.2.In Lin Shuiqing’s opinion, 3.it is our duty to cut back on 4.production(produce) and reduce the quantities of things we make and buy. 5.While Qian Liwei thinks that businessmen are not greedy and they don’t hide their 6.responsibilities(responsible)，either.As far as he is concerned，the people 7.operating(operate) these factories are 8.deeply(deep) concerned about the environment，and 9.should be given more credit.In fact，many people are willing to pay a little 10.higher(high) price for things that are friendly to the environment.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 As the third long river in the world，the health of the Yangtze River has raised concern both in China or abroad.Rapid development and an increase in population has meant that the amount of water taking from the river is rising.This is not a good news for the people whom rely on the Yangtze River for water.Many people have ‎ recognized the important of protecting the Yangtze River，and organizations and projects have been set up to deal about the problem.Because this，the situation on the Yangtze River is improving.The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this muchloved river would be appreciated for years to come.‎ 答案 As the third river in the world，the health of the Yangtze River has raised concern both in China abroad.Rapid development and an increase in population meant that the amount of water from the river is rising.This is not a good news for the people rely on the Yangtze River for water.Many people have recognized the of protecting the Yangtze River，and organizations and projects have been set up to deal the problem.Because this，the situation on the Yangtze River is improving.The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this muchloved river be appreciated for years to come.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于环境)‎ ‎1．在过去的十年里，管理部门在环境保护方面没有尽到职责。‎ ‎2．现在很多商业界人士乐意减少车辆的产量。‎ ‎3．这样做是为了减少二氧化碳的排放。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ In the past decade，the administration hasn’t done its part in environmental conservation.Now many businessmen are willing to cut back on the production of vehicles in order to decrease letting off carbon dioxide.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．However，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades(decade) has gone on reducing risks in advance.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎2．One agent recommended a house in particular.(2015·天津)‎ ‎3．There is no doubt that climate change is a reality.‎ ‎4．Stand over there_and_you’ll be able to see it better.‎ ‎5．We have to cut back on our expenses.‎ ‎6．If we had booked a table earlier，we wouldn’t be standing here in a queue.‎ ‎7．You can ask anyone for help；everyone here is willing to_lend(lend) you a hand.‎ ‎8．We are having a debate about this topic.(2015·湖南)‎ ‎9．Large quantities of water have_been_polluted(pollute) already，which makes the river around the village smell terrible.‎ ‎10．People who eat slowly tend to_consume(consume) about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals.(2015·全国Ⅱ)‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎(2016·辽宁沈阳东北育才学校一模)‎ Hello.I’m Jan from Mrs.Lake’s class.My class wants to work together to help the public.We think we have found a great way to do this.Last month we did a class project on the highways near our town.We learned about the AdoptaHighway ‎ Program.This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads.We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway.‎ Adopting a highway is not like adopting a pet.When a highway is adopted，only part of the highway is cared for by a group of people.The group agrees to work every week to keep its part of the highway clean.Each group gets its own sign that has the name of the group printed on it.The sign is put up at the side of the road.This sign lets drivers know who is keeping that area of the road clean.‎ The AdoptaHighway Program is a great way for people to help their environment look nicer.Also，the government does not have to send out as many road workers.This saves money.Finally，people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people，especially teenagers like us，cleaning them up.‎ We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway.If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean，please come with your parents to the meeting next week.We will meet in Mrs.Lake’ room on Wednesday at 6：00 p．m.At the meeting，we will talk about which roads are the dirtiest as a result of people’s unkind acts.Then we’ ll try to pick an area to adopt and clean.‎ I look forward to seeing you at the meeting.Remember to keep our roads clean!‎ ‎11．What is the AdoptaHighway Program about?‎ A．Giving names to the highways.‎ B．Drawing pictures of highways.‎ C．Picking up litter along the roads.‎ D．Putting up signs near the roads.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“This program brings people together ‎ to pick up litter along the roads.”可知保养公路的项目就是在公路上捡一些垃圾。故选C。‎ ‎12．What should the students do first if they want to join the program?‎ A．Pick a spot to care for. ‎ B．Call Mrs.Lake next week.‎ C．Write a letter to their parents.‎ D．Go to the meeting on Wednesday.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean，please come with your parents to the meeting next week.”可知如果学生想要参加这个项目，就要参加星期三举办的会议。故选D。‎ ‎13．What is the purpose of this speech?‎ A．To encourage students to join the program.‎ B．To introduce the traffic system.‎ C．To show drivers how to drive safely.‎ D．To tell a story about adopting a pet.‎ 答案　A 解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段“I look forward to seeing you at the meeting.Remember to keep our roads clean！”可知这篇文章就是为了呼吁人们参与到保养公路的项目中来。故选A。‎ ‎14．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．AdoptaPet B．AdoptaHighway C．Ways to Protect the Environment ‎ D．Volunteers on Roads 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。整篇演讲都是关于保养公路项目的，故选B。‎ B ‎(2017·福建三明一中月考)‎ I first came across the concept of paywhatyoucan cafés last summer in Boone，N.C.，where I ate at F．A.R.M (Feed All Regardless of Means)Café.You can volunteer to earn your meal，pay the suggested price(10)or less，or you can overpay—paying it forward for a future customer’s meal.My only regret after eating there was not having a chance to give my time.So as soon as Healthy World Café opened in York in April，I signed up for a volunteer shift(轮班)．‎ F．A.R.M and Healthy World are part of a growing trend of community cafés.In 2003，Denise Cerreta opened the first in Salt Lake City.Cerreta now runs the One World Everybody Eats Foundation，helping others copy her paywhatyoucan model.‎ ‎“I think the community café is truly a handup，not a handout，”Cerreta said.She acknowledged that soup kitchens(施粥所) have a place in society，but people typically don’t feel good about going there.‎ ‎“One of the values of the community café is that we have another approach，”she said.“Everyone eats here，no one needs to know whether you volunteered，underpaid or overpaid.”‎ The successful cafés not only address hunger and food insecurity but also become necessary parts of their neighborhood—whether it’s a place to learn skills or hear live music.Some teach cooking to seniors; some offer free used books.Eating or working there is a reminder that we are all in this world together.‎ My 10 am－1pm shift at World Healthy Café began with the café manager—one of the two paid staff members.Our volunteer crew wasn’t the most orderly，but we managed to prepare and serve meals with a lot of laughs in between.At the end of my shift，I ordered my earned meal at the counter，together with other volunteers.After lunch，I walked out the door，with a handful of new friends，music in my head and a satisfied belly and heart.‎ ‎15．What did the author do at F．A.R.M Café last summer?‎ A．She enjoyed a meal.‎ B．She ate free of charge.‎ C．She overpaid for the food.‎ D．She worked as a volunteer.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“where I ate at F．A.R.M (Feed All Regardless of Means)Café”和“My only regret after eating there was not having a chance to give my time.”可知，作者去年在F.A.R.M.Café只是吃了顿饭而已。故选A。‎ ‎16．What is the advantage of community cafés compared with soup kitchens?‎ A．People can have free food.‎ B．People can maintain their dignity.‎ C．People can stay as long as they like.‎ D．People can find their places in society.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“people typically don’t feel good about going there”和第四段的“no one needs to know whether you volunteered，underpaid or ‎ overpaid”可知，在社区餐馆人们不用担心别人怎么评判自己，与施粥所相比，他们在这里更有尊严。故选B。‎ ‎17．Why are community cafés becoming popular in the neighborhoods?‎ A．They bring people true friendships.‎ B．They help to bring people together.‎ C．They create a lot of job opportunities.‎ D．They support local economic development.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段的“become necessary parts of their neighborhood”及“Eating or working there is a reminder that we are all in this world together.”可知，社区餐馆将大家的心凝聚在一起，让人与人之间的关系更亲近。故选B。‎ ‎18．How did the author feel about working at Healthy World Café？‎ A．It paid well. B．It changed her.‎ C．It was beneficial. D．It was easy for her.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知，作者在这家社区餐馆做志愿工作可以交到朋友、欣赏美妙的音乐、享受美味的食物，身心都得到了满足，所以在此收获颇丰。故选C。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·重庆南开中学月考)‎ Think about the different ways people use the wind.You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat.Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power__19__(resource)，as well as one of the __20__(old)．Evidence shows that windmills began to be used in ancient ‎ Iran back in the seventh century BC.They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s，when armies returned from the Middle East__21__ the knowledge of using wind power.‎ For many centuries，people used windmills to grind(磨碎) wheat into flour __22__ to pump water from deep underground.When electricity __23__(discover)in the late 1800s，people __24__(live)in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity.‎ This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.However，by the 1940s __25__ electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States，windmills were __26__(rare)used.‎ During the 1970s，people started becoming __27__(concern)about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity.People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.Then，wind was rediscovered.__28__ it means higher costs，there is still a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.‎ ‎19．答案　resources 解析　句意为：风能是最干净最丰富的能源之一。one of后面接可数名词复数。故填resources。‎ ‎20．答案　oldest 解析　根据上文的“cleanest and richest”可知，风能也是最古老的能源。故填oldest。‎ ‎21．答案　with 解析　句意为：它们第一次被引入欧洲是在12世纪，当时军队带着使用风能的知识从中东回来。使用介词with带着。故填with。‎ ‎22．答案　or/and 解析　句意为：几个世纪以来，人们使用风车将小麦磨碎成粉末或/并从地下抽水。故填or或and。‎ ‎23．答案　was discovered 解析　electricity和discover是被动关系，而且时间是in the late 1800s，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是单数。故填was discovered。‎ ‎24．答案　living 解析　句意为：生活在偏远地区的人开始使用它们来发电。使用非谓语动词作定语，people和live是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填living。‎ ‎25．答案　when 解析　此处为定语从句，先行词是the 1940s，表示时间，定语从句中不缺成分，用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。‎ ‎26．答案　rarely 解析　修饰动词used用副词。故填rarely。‎ ‎27．答案　concerned 解析　be concerned about为固定搭配，意为“担心，关心”。故填concerned。‎ ‎28．答案　Though/Although/While 解析　句意为：虽然这意味着更高的费用，但是通过使用风能提供越来越多的电仍是一项全球的运动。表示转折关系。故填Though/Although/While。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·福建连城二中期中)‎ Mrs.Brown was walking near a playground.She was on a hurry to visit her four grandchildren.She missed them very much，because she had seen them for quite a long time.She was walking while suddenly she saw a ball coming in her direction.She was already in her seventy.Should she kick the ball to send it back and should she just go past leave the ball where it was？Finally with greatly care she gave it a kick.The ball went by straight into the goal.‎ How wonderful it was! And she happened to have helped win the match.And all his four grandchildren were on the team of the winner.‎ 答案 Mrs.Brown was walking near a playground.She was a hurry to visit her four grandchildren.She missed them very much，because she had seen them for quite a long time.She was walking suddenly she saw a ball coming in her direction.She was already in her .Should she kick the ball to send it back should she just go past the ball where it was？Finally with care she gave it a kick.The ball went by straight into the goal.‎ How wonderful it was! And she happened to have helped win the match.And all four grandchildren were on the team of the .‎ 单元话题写作 重点词汇 ‎1．circumstance n．情况；形势；环境 ‎ ‎2．conservation n．保存；保护 ‎3．protect v．保护 ‎4．recycle v．回收；再循环 ‎5．waste v．浪费 ‎6．pollution n．污染 ‎7．take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 ‎8．run out of用完；用尽 ‎9．realize the importance of environment 意识到环境的重要性 ‎10．arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection提高人们的环保意识 话题佳作 你校计划进行一次宣传活动，主题是保护人类共同的朋友——动物。现请你就此写一份宣传材料，内容包括动物的生存现状、动物对于人类的重要性等，并且在最后提出倡议。‎ 佳作欣赏 Dear friends，‎ ‎ Have you noticed that the number of rare animals is on the decrease？With our environment going worse，many animals can’t adapt themselves to the new changes so that many species are endangered or have even died out.Besides，human activity also has a great influence on them.For example，people often kill them in order to get their meat or fur.‎ Animals are our friends.They play an important role in keeping the balance of nature.We can’t live without them.What’s more，both humans and animals should share the earth equally.To show our love to animals can definitely help us live more happily.‎ To conclude，please remember your care can make a difference.Join us in protecting our best friends—animals.‎ 名师点睛 本文层次清楚，第一段描写动物受到威胁的现状，第二段是动物对人类的重要性，第三段提出了倡议。作者的遣词造句还有以下特点：(1)短语的有效运用。文中出现了大量的短语，如：on the decrease，adapt oneself to，die out，have a great influence on，in order to，play an important role in，make a ‎ difference等，这些短语的恰当使用丰富了文章的语言，也有助于准确地表达文意。(2)较复杂句式的使用也是该文的一个亮点，如：with复合结构和so that句型。(3)作者成功地使用了多个副词来表达强烈的感情，如：equally，definitely等。‎ 单元综合知识运用 话题阅读 真题深度阅读训练 Step One　真题体验 ‎(2016·全国Ⅱ，完形填空)‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk.And they’ve never actually 41 you.Everything they know about you 42 through this device，sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 43 they feel they can know you 44 from the sound of your voice.That’s how powerful the 45 is.‎ Powerful，yes，but not always 46 .For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone.Rani，my faceless agent whom I’d never met 47 ，got me rockbottom prices on airfares，cars，and hotels.But her cold voice really 48 me.I sometimes wished to 49 another agent.‎ One morning，I had to 50 an immediate flight home for a family emergency.I ran into Rani’s office 51 .The woman sitting at the desk， 52 my madness，sympathetically jumped up.She gave me a 53 smile，nodded while listening patiently，and then printed out the 54 immediately.“What a wonderful lady！” I thought.‎ Rushing out 55 I called out over my shoulder，“By the way，what’s your name？” “I’m Rani，” she said.I turned around and saw a 56 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.I was 57 ！Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was，well，so 58 .‎ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport，I figured it all out.Rani’s 59 —her warm smile，her nods，her “I’m here for you” 60 —were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.‎ 语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。主要讲述的是作者在与Rani进行电话交流时发现她比较冷漠，但在后来的实际接触中却发现自己的看法完全是错误的，其实她非常友好。‎ ‎41.A.accepted B.noticed C.heard D.met 答案　D 解析　根据第一句话可知，许多人只是通过电话了解你，在现实中从来都没见过面。meet相见，符合语境。‎ ‎42.A.came B.moved C.ran D.developed 答案　A 解析　因为你们之间距离遥远，所以他们对你的了解来自电话。come from来自。‎ ‎43.A.Thus B.Yet C.Then D.Indeed 答案　B 解析　虽然距离很远，但是他们觉得可以通过你的声音了解你。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用副词yet。‎ ‎44.A.rather B.also C.just D.already 答案　C 解析　这里使用just表示强调，别人只要通过声音就可以了解你。just只是，符合语境。rather相当地；also也；already已经，都与语境不符。‎ ‎45.A.telephone B.voice C.connection D.impression 答案　A 解析　根据上下文，特别是第二段中的only by phone可知，人们可以通过电话了解你。‎ ‎46.A.direct B.useful C.easy D.accurate 答案　D 解析　根据第二段的内容可知，作者通过电话听到他的旅游代理商的声音是冷淡的，让他感到不悦。而根据第三段中的“What a wonderful lady！”可知，作者亲自见到了Rani后，发现她本人与电话中的声音给人的感觉不一样。故选D项，表示电话虽然是强大的，但传达的信息却并不总是准确的。direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate准确的。‎ ‎47.A.in person B.by myself C.in public D.on purpose 答案　A 解析　in person与空前的faceless形成对应，Rani是作者的代理人，但是他们从来没有见过面。in person亲自；by myself靠自己；in public当众；on purpose故意地。‎ ‎48.A.annoyed B.interested C.discouraged D.confused 答案　A 解析　根据前面的cold voice可知，Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，这让作者很不高兴，甚至想要换一个代理人。annoy使不高兴，使生气；interest使感兴趣；discourage使泄气；confuse使困惑。‎ ‎49.A.promote B.train C.find D.know 答案　C 解析　正是因为Rani的声音让作者很不舒服，所以作者曾经想过找另外一个代理人取代她。promote提拔；train训练；find寻找，找到；know知道。‎ ‎50.A.arrange B.postpone C.confirm D.book 答案　D 解析　因为家中有急事作者要立刻预定回家的航班。动词book与flight搭配，表示“预订航班”。‎ ‎51.A.for the first time B.at any time C.from time to time D.in good time 答案　A 解析　因为情况紧急，所以作者第一次来到了Rani的办公室。for the first time第一次，符合语境。‎ ‎52.A.expecting B.seeing C.testing D.avoiding 答案　B 解析　因为作者已经进入Rani的办公室，所以此处表示“坐在桌子旁的女士看到了我疯狂的行为”，故选B项。expect期待；see看见；test测验，检测；avoid避免。‎ ‎53.A.shy B.comforting C.familiar D.forced 答案　B 解析　根据上下文可知，她看到作者很着急，给了作者一个安慰的微笑。shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的。‎ ‎54.A.bill B.form C.ticket D.list 答案　C 解析　根据上下文可知，这里应该是机票。由于作者预订回家的航班机票，所以Rani很快帮他把机票打印出来。‎ ‎55.A.hopefully B.disappointedly C.gratefully D.regretfully 答案　C 解析　Rani如此迅速地帮作者把机票打印出来，而且一直面带微笑，这让他心存感激。hopefully充满希望地；disappointedly感到失望地；gratefully感激地；regretfully遗憾地。‎ ‎56.A.careful B.serious C.nervous D.pleasant 答案　D 解析　‎ 现实生活中的Rani富有同情心，待人热情大方。所以当作者转身时，看到的是与电话中完全不一样的人。careful细心的；serious严肃的，认真的；nervous紧张的；pleasant令人愉快的。‎ ‎57.A.amused B.worried C.helpless D.speechless 答案　D 解析　作者想到自己当初对Rani的错误判断，而眼前的Rani是那么热心，因此一时竟不知道该说什么了。speechless说不出话的，符合语境。‎ ‎58.A.calm B.nice C.proud D.clever 答案　B 解析　之前作者认为Rani很冷漠，但却没有想到现实生活中的Rani是如此的友好善良。‎ ‎59.A.forgiveness B.eagerness C.friendliness D.skillfulness 答案　C 解析　现实中Rani对作者非常友好善良，完全没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉。friendliness友好，符合语境。‎ ‎60.A.explanation B.attitude C.concept D.behavior 答案　B 解析　这里表示Rani接待作者的友好态度。Rani善良友好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去。explanation解释；attitude态度；concept概念；behavior行为。‎ Step Two　长难句分析 ‎1.Rani，my faceless agent whom I’d never met in person，got me rockbottom prices on airfares，cars，and hotels.‎ 翻译：Rani，我未曾谋面的代理，总是给我航班、租车和宾馆的最低价。‎ 分析：本句中my faceless agent为主语Rani的同位语，其后为whom引导的定语从句，且whom在从句中作宾语。‎ ‎2.The woman sitting at the desk，seeing my madness，sympathetically jumped up.‎ 翻译：坐在桌子后面的女士眼见我的疯狂，同情地站了起来。‎ 分析：本句中sitting at the desk为现在分词短语作后置定语，可以改为定语从句who sat at the desk；seeing my madness作时间状语，可以改为从句when she saw my madness。‎ Step Three　深度阅读与拓展训练 真题精选对应训练 ‎(2016·天津，阅读理解D)‎ Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.‎ We experience this tiredness in two ways：as startup fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue.In the former case，we keep putting off a task because it is either ‎ too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it，the more tired we feel.‎ Such startup fatigue is very real，even if not actually physical，not something in our muscles and bones.The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply：always handle the most difficult job first.‎ Years ago，I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors.Applying my own rule，I determined to write them in alphabetical order(按字母顺序)，never letting myself leave out a tough idea.And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essaywriting.Experience proved that the rule works.‎ Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.Though willing to get started，we cannot seem to do the job right.Its difficulties appear so great that，however hard we work，we fail again and again.In such a situation，I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over.‎ When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》)，I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles.Nothing like this had ever been done before，and day after day I kept coming up with solutions，but none of them worked.My fatigue became almost unbearable.‎ One day，mentally exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself，not with me.Relieved，I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.‎ An hour later，I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.In the weeks that followed，the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.Though I worked as hard as before，I felt no fatigue.Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.‎ Human beings，I believe，must try to succeed.Success，then，means never feeling tired.‎ 语篇解读 ‎　本文是一篇议论文。文章先提出我们的疲惫有两种不同的表现方式，即：startup fatigue和performance fatigue；然后具体指出这两种疲惫的表现以及解决办法，最后点明主题：成功就意味着不知疲倦。‎ ‎51.People with startup fatigue are most likely to .‎ A.delay tasks B.work hard C.seek help D.accept failure 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the former case，we keep putting off a task...”可知，具备startup fatigue的人最可能会推迟需要做的事情，即A项正确。‎ ‎52.What does the author recommend doing to prevent startup fatigue?‎ A.Writing essays in strict order.‎ B.Building up physical strength.‎ C.Leaving out the toughest ideas.‎ D.Dealing with the hardest task first.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply：always handle the most difficult job first.”可知，作者建议要想避免startup fatigue，就从最难的工作做起，故D项正确。‎ ‎53.On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?‎ A.Before starting a difficult task.‎ B.When all the solutions fail.‎ C.If the job is rather boring.‎ D.After finding a way out.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句“Though willing to get started，we cannot seem to do the job right.Its difficulties appear so great that，however hard we work，we fail again and again.”可知，当我们不管怎么努力都一次次失败的时候，performance fatigue就出现了，故B项正确。‎ ‎54.According to the author，the unconscious mind may help us .‎ A.ignore mental problems B.get some nice sleep C.gain complete relief D.find the right solution 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“...the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.”可知，作者认为这些unconscious mind(潜意识的思维)可能会帮助我们找到解决问题的正确方法，故D项正确。‎ ‎55.What could be the best title for the passage?‎ A.Success Is Built Upon Failure B.How to Handle Performance Fatigue C.Getting over Fatigue：A Way to Success D.Fatigue：An Early Sign of Health Problems 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了startup fatigue和performance ‎ fatigue两种疲惫，然后具体指出其表现及解决办法，最后点明主题：成功意味着不知疲倦，克服疲惫是成功的一种方式。故C项作为标题最佳。‎ 第三节　话题写作 情景专练1‎ ‎(2016·天津)假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。‎ ‎1.回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面)；‎ ‎2.谈谈收获或感想；‎ ‎3.表达祝愿与期望。‎ 注意：词数不少于100。‎ Ⅰ.记增分素材 ‎1.(时间)过去go by ‎2.交流活动exchange activity ‎3.代表on behalf of ‎4.如期as scheduled ‎5.参加participate in ‎6.做锻炼take exercise ‎ ‎7.传统食品traditional food ‎8.在我看来in my opinion ‎9.向……学习learn from ‎ ‎10.相聚get together Ⅱ.练高分句式 Dear friends，‎ How time flies！Two weeks went by，and our exchange activities ended.(1)On behalf of my school，I would like to express my feelings(我将代表我们学校表达我的感想).‎ ‎(2)As scheduled，we participated in several instructive activities(按照计划，我们参加了几个有教育意义的活动).We learnt many Chinese characters and took plenty of exercise together.We went to the restaurant to taste the Chinese traditional food.The food was very delicious.While visiting the art exhibition，we discussed the great artists’ works.‎ ‎(3)In my opinion，everyone here is a member of our big family(在我看来，这儿的每一个人都是我们大家庭的一员)and we learn a lot from each other.And at last I sincerely wish you a pleasant trip back to your country.I hope we’ll get together again next year.‎ Thank you.‎ 情景专练2‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2016·江西九校联考)请以“One person I’m grateful to”为题，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，记述一个你认为值得感谢的人。要求如下：‎ ‎1.内容必须结合生活中的一个事例；‎ ‎2.简要说明值得感谢的原因或从中得到的启示。‎ Ⅰ.记增分素材 ‎1.感谢某人owe thanks to sb./thank sb.‎ ‎2.献身于…… devote oneself to/dedicate oneself to ‎3.不管regardless of/in spite of ‎4.说服某人做某事persuade sb.to do sth./talk sb.into doing sth.‎ ‎5.感激某人be grateful to sb.‎ Ⅱ.练高分句式 One person I’m grateful to Mr.Li，my English teacher，is the very person to whom I owe many thanks.He helped me a lot in my studies.‎ During the previous study，my biggest flaw was carelessness.Worse still，I was too anxious to seek the fundamental reason for my failure.I just dedicated myself to huge amounts of practice，(1) regardless of repeated mistakes(尽管一再出现错误).Fortunately，Mr.Li noticed it and offered to have a long talk with me.(2)Having been persuaded to change my attitude(我被说服改变态度之后)，I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well.‎ ‎(3)I am grateful to my English teacher for all the support he has given me(我感谢我的英语老师给予我所有支持)，which has made me stronger and a better person.‎ Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．The bag ________on the table is brought in the shop ________in the east of the city.‎ ‎ A．laid；lying B．lying；laid ‎ C．lies；lay D．laying；lain 答案　A　[考查词义辨析。lay(laid，laid，laying)放置；产卵；lie(lay，lain，lying)躺着，位于……；lie(lied，lied，lying)撒谎。句意：放在桌子上的包是从位于本市东部的一家商店买的。]‎ ‎2．I ________him to take the train，but he wouldn't.‎ ‎ A．managed to persuade B．tried to persuade ‎ C．failed to persuade D．persuaded 答案　B　[try to persuade sb意为“试图说服某人，结果他就是不听”；manage to persuade意为“成功说服了”。根据句意，选B。]‎ ‎3．My money ________.Could you please lend me some?‎ ‎ A．has run out of B．has run out ‎ C．was run out of D．has been run out 答案　B　[run out用光，耗尽，是不及物动词短语，所以无被动语态，主语一般是物，而run out of虽然也表达相同的意思，但是它是及物动词短语，主语一般是人。]‎ ‎4．Kathy ________ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.‎ ‎ A．picked up B．took up ‎ C．made up D．turned up 答案　A　[考查短语辨析。pick up学到……；获得……；take up从事……；占据(时间，空间)；make up虚构；化妆；turn up调高；出现。]‎ ‎5．Tom felt that he himself，rather than the girls，________for the failure of the football match.‎ A．were to blame B．was to blame C．were to blamed D．was to be blamed 答案　B　[考查blame的用法。句意：汤姆感觉到是他自己而不是那些女孩们应该为足球比赛的失败受到谴责。to blame for为……而受到责备、谴责，归咎于……。故选B。]‎ ‎6．When he came back，his ________look on his face，he failed in the interview.‎ ‎ A．disappointed B．disappointing ‎ C．encouraged D．encouraging 答案　A　[考查v.ing形式的形容词与v.ed形式的形容词的辨析。句意：当他回来时，脸上满是失望的表情，他面试失败了。这种表情是主语自己产生的，故选A。]‎ ‎7．Please go on trying.I’m sure the efforts you are________will pay off.‎ A．doing B．giving C．making D．sparing ‎ 答案　C　[考查定语从句和动宾搭配。句意：请继续努力，我相信你付出的努力一定会有回报。efforts后是定语从句，根据搭配make efforts就可判断选择C。]‎ ‎8．There is still a long way to go to solve all the problems ____conservation of natural resources.‎ ‎ A．concerning B．concerned ‎ C．concerning about D．concerned about ‎ 答案　A　[concerning是介词，相当于about，意为“与……有关，关于”。]‎ ‎9．—You should have prepared your speech for the meeting，Mrs Smith.‎ ‎—Yes，I know.But how could I________the meeting date fixed so soon?‎ A．while B．as C．after D．with 答案　D　[考查句式。在所给的选项当中，只有as与with有“由于、因为”之意，而as是连词，其后必须跟从句，所以不能用。只有with符合这一用法，构成复合结构，用作表示原因的状语，代词I之后省略了动词prepare。答语后句句意为：因为会议日期确定得太快了，我如何能准备好呢？]‎ ‎10．As these new products are not selling well，the members of the board have decided to ________production.‎ ‎ A．cut down B．cut down to ‎ C．cut down on D．cut off 答案　C　[cut down on 和cut back on可以互换，意为“削减，减少”。符合句意“由于这些新产品销量不佳，董事会成员决定削减产量”。]‎ ‎11．The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly ________.‎ ‎ A．atmosphere B．state C．situation D．phenomenon 答案　A　[in a friendly atmosphere在友好的氛围中。state状态；situation情况，形势；phenomenon现象。]‎ ‎12．In those days，our ________concern was to provide people who were stopped by ‎ ‎ the snowstorm with food and health care.‎ ‎ A．normal B．constant C．permanent D．primary 答案　D　[primary主要的，第一位的；primary concern 意为“主要关心的”。其他选项均与句意不符。]‎ ‎13．Look，heavy clouds are gathering.A terrible storm is________.‎ A．under way B．in the way C．by the way D．in a way 答案　A　[考查介词短语。句意：看，乌云在聚集。一场可怕的暴风雨就要来了。under way正在进行，展开；in the way挡路；by the way顺便说一声；in a way在某种程度上。故选A。]‎ ‎14．I’d appreciate________if you would turn out the lights.I’m sleepy.‎ A．one B．that C．this D．it 答案　D　[考查appreciate的用法。句意：如果你能把灯关上我将不胜感激。我困了。appreciate/like/hate/need等＋ it＋从句，该句型中只有it才可以作形式宾语。其中的从句为真正的宾语。故选D。]‎ ‎15．At minus 130°C，a living cell can be ________for a thousand years.‎ ‎ A．spared B．protected C．preserved D．developed 答案　C　[preserve意为“保存，贮存”。句意：在零下一百三十摄氏度下，一个活细胞可以保存一千年。]‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎ Looking at China's history over the past 60 years，it is apparent that，despite much suffering，the country has achieved huge political，economic and social success，especially during the past three decades.‎ ‎ The press center for the celebration of the 60th founding anniversary of new China was officially opened on the morning of September 22. Zha Shouchen，deputy director of the press center introduced that，during the National Day，there would be 3,200 domestic reporters，and more than 1,300 foreign journalists to come to Beijing to make the covering work.‎ ‎ The press center provided many services for domestic and foreign reporters，such ‎ as issuing the press cards to reporters，accepting the interview application，organizing press conferences and activities of group interviews，providing the means of communication and information services for reporters.And the following was the scene.‎ ‎ A grand parade in Beijing on Oct.1，led by the People's Liberation Army and the People's Armed Police Force，showed some of China's latest achievements in defense modernization.About 8,000 military officers，along with tanks and other vehicles，formed a straight line stretching 3 kms.‎ ‎ The military parade was followed by a civilian parade featuring six massive performing groups and 36 formations of about 100,000 people.In addition,60 floats(彩车)represented everything from the country's geographic areas to the previous year's Beijing Olympics.‎ ‎ Everyday life in China is a parade on a grand scale，with citizens now being able to enjoy things their ancestors did not dare to contemplate 100 years ago，things their grandparents took for luxury 60 years ago，and things their parents did not even know how to attempt 30 years ago.‎ ‎ 【语篇解读】 本文简要介绍了中华人民共和国60周年国庆的庆祝活动以及60年来中国的巨变。‎ ‎16．Of the following achievements，which one is NOT listed in Paragraph 1?‎ ‎ A．Politics. B．Economy. C．Education. D．Society.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。由文章第一段可以推知我们国家在过去的30多年中，政治、经济和社会地位方面已经取得了很大的成功。只有C项“教育”文中并未提及。故答案为C。]‎ ‎17．Which of the following led the parade according to Paragraph 4?‎ ‎ A．The People's Liberation Army.‎ ‎ B．The People's Liberation Army and the People's Armed Police Force.‎ ‎ C．The People's Police Force and the People's Army.‎ ‎ D．The People's Armed Police Force.‎ ‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。由文章第四段首句可知B项是符合题意的。故答案 ‎ 为B。]‎ ‎18．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?‎ ‎ A．The civilian parade is after the military parade.‎ ‎ B．There are 60 floats representing everything from the country's geographic areas.‎ ‎ C．Everyday life in China is a parade on a grand scale.‎ ‎ D．The parade on Oct.1 showed some of China's latest achievements in automotive ‎ modernization，such as tanks and other vehicles.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。D项由文章第四段中“...showed some of China's latest achievements in defense modernization.”可知仪式上展示的是我国国防现代化方面的最新成果，而D项中automotive modernization与文意表述不符，故说法错误。]‎ ‎19．What's the subject discussed in the text?‎ ‎ A．The celebration of 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.‎ ‎ B．The grand parade in the ceremony.‎ ‎ C．The defense modernization in China.‎ ‎ D．The economic development during recent years.‎ 答案　A　[‎ 主旨大意题。由文章题目再结合文章大意可知A项是最具概括性的表述，体现了文章主旨。B项和C项均为仪式的表现形式，而非主旨；D项文章中未提及。故答案为A。]‎ Ⅲ.任务型读写 ‎ If you can find a tree which has been cut down，you will see many rings，or circles，on the base of the trunk.By learning to read these rings，you can find out about the tree's life.‎ ‎ The number of rings tells you how old the tree is.Each year，new wood is formed on the outside of the tree.This new wood is light in color when the tree is growing in spring and summer，and dark in winter when the tree is not growing much.So，if you count the rings of darkorlight colored wood，you can often find out how old the tree is.‎ ‎ You can also tell which years have been good years and which years have been bad years.When the lightcolored rings are very wide，it means that the tree has been growing quickly that year.If the rings are narrow，it has been growing slowly.If the rings on a tree trunk were greatly magnified，you would be able to see why the rings are lightcolored when the tree is growing quickly and darkcolored when the tree is growing slowly.The tree trunk is made up of microscopic tubes，like some pipes，carrying water from the soil，through the trunk，and up to the leaves.They are wide and thinwalled when the tree is growing quickly and they are carrying a lot of water.They are narrow and stuck together when the tree is not growing so quickly.‎ ‎ When a tree is old，the tubes in the centre of the tree don't carry water.The walls of the tubes have become thick with materials which have stuck along them over the years，forming a kind of wood called“heartwood”．This kind of wood is darker in color than the young，growing wood on the outside of the tree.‎ ‎ You don't very often see whole tree trunks which have been cut across.But once you learn to read a cross section of the wood，you can see much more in wood which has been used to make boxes，houses and other things.‎ ‎ In most wood，instead of seeing the trunk cut across，you are seeing it cut along its length.Because you don't see the whole tree，you can't tell how old it is.‎ Title：__20__of a Tree General information Old trees Items Facts Items Facts Where can rings be seen On the __21__of a trunk The tubes in the centre of the tree Don't carry water The__22__of rings Helps us know about its age The walls of the tubes Become ‎ ‎__23__；‎ Form __24__‎ ‎__25__lightcolored rings Show the tree grows quickly Narrow__26__‎ rings Mean the tree grows slowly Microscopic tubes Function Carry__27__‎ Features Wide and __28__when growing quickly Narrow and stuck together when growing __29__‎ ‎ 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了怎样从树的年轮来看树的生长情况和年龄。‎ ‎20．Rings/Circles　[从第一段可直接得出答案。]‎ ‎21．base　[从第一段第一句可直接得出答案。]‎ ‎22．number　[从第二段第一句可直接得出答案。]‎ ‎23．thick　[从第四段第二句可直接得出答案。]‎ ‎24．heartwood　[第四段第二句可直接得出答案。]‎ ‎25．Wide　[第三段第二句可直接得出答案。]‎ ‎26．darkcolored　[第三段第四句可直接得知。]‎ ‎27．water　[第三段倒数第二句可直接得知。]‎ ‎28．thinwalled　[第三段倒数第二句可得知。]‎ ‎29．slowly　[从第三段最后一句not growing so quickly转换而来。]‎