2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero单元学案（36页）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero单元学案（36页）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela — a modern hero单元学案 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．mean adj.　　 　　 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 ‎2．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的 ‎3．easygoing adj. 随和的；温和宽容的 ‎4．self n. 自我；自身 ‎5．selfish adj. 自私的 ‎6．selfless adj. 无私的；忘我的 ‎7．selflessly adv. 无私地；忘我地　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．invader n．　　　　 侵略者 ‎9．republic n. 共和国；共和政体 ‎10．principle n. 法则；原则；原理 ‎11．livelihood n. 生计；谋生 ‎12．mankind n. 人类 ‎13．lawyer n. 律师 ‎14．legal adj. 法律的；依照法律的 ‎15．fee n. 费(会费、学费等)；酬金　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎16．league n．　　 　　 同盟；联盟；联合会 ‎17．Youth League 青年团 ‎18．quote n. 引用语；语录 ‎19．release vt. 释放；发行 ‎20．blanket n. 毛毯；毯子 ‎21．terror n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动 ‎22．anti[前缀] 反；抗；阻 ‎23．antiblack adj. 反黑人的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎1．quality n．　 　　　 质量；品质；性质 ‎2．warmhearted adj. 热心肠的 ‎3．active adj. 积极的；活跃的 ‎4．devote vt. (与to连用)献身；专心于 ‎5．devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 ‎6．found vt. 建立；建设 ‎7．peaceful adj. 和平的；平静的；安宁的 ‎8．hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎9．youth n．　　　　　 青年；青年时期 ‎10．guidance n. 指导；领导 ‎11．stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期 ‎12．vote vt.&vi. 投票；选举 n. 投票；选票；表决 ‎13．attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击 ‎14．equal adj. 相等的；平等的 ‎15．willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎16．unfair adj.　　 　　 不公正的；不公平的 ‎17．escape vi.&vt. 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露 ‎18．educate vt. 教育；训练 ‎19．educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的 ‎20．beg vi. 请求；乞求 ‎21．relative n. 亲戚；亲属 ‎22．reward n. 报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎23．sentence vt.　　　　 判决；宣判 ‎24．president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长 ‎25．opinion n. 意见；看法；主张 ‎26．violence n. 暴力；暴行 ‎27．cruelty n. 残忍；残酷 ‎28．out_of_work 失业 ‎29．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎ [第八屏听写]‎ ‎30．blow_up　　 　 　　 使充气；爆炸 ‎31．in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎32．turn_to 求助于；致力于 ‎33．lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心 ‎34．come_to_power 当权；上台 ‎35．set_up 设立；建立 ‎36．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.mean adj.　　吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 ‎2．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的 ‎3．republic n. 共和国；共和政体 ‎4．principle n. 法则；原则；原理 ‎5．mankind n. 人类 ‎6.lawyer n．　　律师 ‎7．legal adj. 法律的；依照法律的 ‎8．blanket n. 毛毯；毯子 ‎9．terror n. 恐怖；可怕的人；‎ ‎ 恐怖时期；恐怖活动 ‎10．invader n. 侵略者 ‎11.livelihood n. 生计；谋生 ‎12．fee n．　费(会费、学费等)；酬金 ‎13．league n. 同盟；联盟；联合会 ‎14．quote n. 引用语；语录 ‎15．release vt. 释放；发行 表达单词 ‎1.quality n．　　　　　质量；品质；性质 ‎2．warmhearted adj. 热心肠的 ‎3．found vt. 建立；建设 ‎4．hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．Tsinghua University, founded (建立) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China.‎ ‎2．Our company is more concerned with quality (质量) than quantity.‎ ‎5．youth n. 青年；青年时期 ‎6．vote vt.&vi. 投票；选举 n. 投票；选票；表决 ‎7．escape vi.&vt. 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露 ‎8．reward n. 报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏 ‎9．president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长 ‎10．opinion n. 意见；看法；主张 ‎11．stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期 ‎12．attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击 ‎13．willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的 ‎14．beg vi. 请求；乞求 ‎3．They managed to escape (逃脱) from the burning building by breaking down the door.‎ ‎4．The government rewarded (奖赏) him for saving the old man in the well.‎ ‎5．Black people could not vote (投票) or choose their leaders.‎ ‎6．We may have different opinions (看法) in organizing class activities.‎ ‎7．China is playing an important role on the international political stage (舞台)．‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.active adj.积极的；活跃的→actively adv.积极地；活跃地→activity n．活动 ‎2．devote vt.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．In order to give her a good education,_her parents sent her to a famous school to be educated. (educate)‎ ‎2．China is known to be a peaceful country. It's been a model of peace in the world.‎ ‎3．peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully adv.和平地→peace n．和平；平静；和睦 ‎4．guidance n．指导；领导→guide vt.带领；引导 n．向导 ‎5．violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.猛烈地；剧烈地 ‎6．equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地 ‎7．educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家 ‎ (peace)‎ ‎3．Bethune, a devoted friend of Chinese, devoted his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote)‎ ‎4．All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)‎ ‎5．He criticized violently that the government did little to stop the violence in the country.(violent)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.out_of_work　　　　　失业 ‎2．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上 ‎1.Many university students dream of setting_up their own companies ‎3．blow_up 使充气；爆炸 ‎4．in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎5．turn_to 求助于；致力于 ‎6．lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心 ‎7．come_to_power 当权；上台 ‎8．set_up 设立；建立 ‎9．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑)‎ ‎10．be_willing_to_do_sth._ 愿意做某事 ‎11．be_in_prison 蹲监狱 ‎12．in_one's_opinion 在某人看来 ‎ after graduating.‎ ‎2．Don't lose_heart! Try again and you will get what you want.‎ ‎3．According to the report, the new president will come_to_power at the very beginning of next month.‎ ‎4．Because he has been out_of_work for months, the young man now depends on his parents for a living. ‎ ‎5．However, when it is something beyond my competence, I turn_to my classmates or teachers for help.‎ ‎6．I knew we were in_trouble_when the elevator stopped.‎ ‎7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_the news that he told me yesterday is true.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. ‎ 拟人修辞手法。主语是时间或地点名词，谓语是see, find等动词，表示经历或目睹了某事。‎ 近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。‎ The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.‎ 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。‎ ‎2.... only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ‎ ‎……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。‎ 事实上，只有不断地行动，不断地调整计划，我们才能达到我们的最终目标。(2016·浙江高考写作)‎ Actually, only_by_getting_moving_and_constantly_adjusting_the_plan_can_we_ achieve our final goal.‎ ‎3.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. ‎ 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。‎ the first time “第一次……”，引导时间状语从句。‎ 第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧，因为我们都全身心地为此做了充分准备。(2013·湖南高考写作)‎ The_first_time_we_lost_the_match,_we all felt very depressed, because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.be_different_from　　　与……不同 ‎ ‎2．be_hard_on_sb. 对某人苛刻；对某人要求严厉 ‎3．be_kind_to_sb. 对某人友好 ‎4．be_necessary_to_do_sth. 有必要做某事 ‎5．be_patient_with 对……有耐心 ‎6．be patient of sth. 容忍某物 ‎1.come_true　　　　实现 ‎2．take_a_message_ 捎口信 ‎3．keep_a_diary 写日记 ‎4．have a great day 过得愉快 ‎5．Wet paint! 油漆未干！‎ ‎6．be up to sb. 由某人决定 ‎1.go to the movie/cinema　看电影 ‎ ‎2．go to school 上学 ‎3．go to college 上大学 ‎4．eat well 吃得好 ‎5．taste good 好吃 ‎6．make a fire 生火 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于 ‎[高考佳句]　I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is meaningful and enormous.‎ ‎(2017·天津高考)‎ 我感觉我被给予另一种生活去致力于做一些有意义而又伟大的事。‎ ‎(1)devote ... to ...　　　　 把……奉献于……‎ devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于……‎ ‎(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于……；奉献于……‎ ‎(3)devotion n. 关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Once married, Joe devoted her life _to_ looking after children and being a fulltime homemaker.‎ ‎②Devoting (devote) herself/Devoted (devote) to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.‎ 补全句子 ‎③You will never gain success unless you are_fully_devoted_to your work.‎ 除非你完全专注于你的工作，不然你永远不会获得成功。‎ 用devote的相关短语完成小片段 Li Lei is ④my_devoted_friend (我忠实的朋友). Since graduation, he ⑤has_been_devoted_to/has_devoted_himself_to (致力于) improving the education of the local people. In addition to teaching, he ⑥has_devoted_a_lot_of_time_to_raising_money (已把大量时间用于筹集资金) to build more schools. ⑦His_devotion_to (他对……的奉献) this work moves the people deeply.‎ 以下短语中to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时应用动名词形式。‎ ‎①look forward to doing sth.　　　　　 盼望做某事 ‎②object to doing sth. 反对做某事 ‎③get down to doing sth. 开始做某事 ‎④pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ‎⑤be/get used/accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事　　‎ ‎ ‎2．vote vt.& vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决 ‎[经典例句]　After the Brexit vote, a lot of discussions have arisen in European Union.‎ 在英国脱欧公投后，欧盟中掀起了很多争论。‎ vote for　　　　　　　　　　 投票支持 vote against 投票反对 vote on 投票表决 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①He was grateful to those supporters who voted for him.‎ ‎②Whether you vote for or against the plan doesn't seem to matter very much.‎ ‎③As we can't agree on this matter, let's vote on it.‎ ‎3．equal adj.相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物 ‎[教材原句]　But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.‎ 但是我很乐意帮忙因为我知道那将帮助我们实现使黑人和白人平等的梦想。‎ ‎(1)be equal to sth./doing sth. 等于/胜任(做)某事 without equal 无与伦比 equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth.‎ ‎ 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物 ‎(2)equality n. 平等；相等 equally adv. 相等地；公平地；同样地 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Any man will be equal to the task, so long as he is careful. You should give it a try.‎ ‎②It's said that nobody can equal him in intelligence.‎ ‎③Men and women must be treated equally (equal) in education and employment.‎ 单句写作 ‎④其次，要积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。(2014·江西高考书面表达) ‎ For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is_equal_to_your _physical_health.‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：‎ ‎①be up to　②be fit for　③be qualified for ‎4．escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被遗忘n.逃脱 ‎[教材原句]　It was a prison from which no one escaped.‎ 那是一座任何人也逃不出去的监狱。‎ ‎(1)escape (doing) sth.　　 逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 ‎(2)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He escaped being_killed (kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.‎ ‎②Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the alarm.‎ 写出加黑单词在语境中的含义 ‎③Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name ‎ escaped him for the moment.被遗忘 ‎5．reward n．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏 ‎[经典例句]　Make the extra effort to impress the buyer and you will be rewarded with a quicker sale.‎ 多用心去打动顾客，货物就会更快售出。‎ ‎(1)as a reward (for ...) 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for 为酬谢……；作为……的奖励 ‎(2)reward sb. with ... for sth.‎ ‎ 为某事而用……酬谢某人 ‎(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的；有意义的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We gave him a gift as a reward for his kindness.‎ ‎②He received a medal in reward for his bravery.‎ ‎③They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers when the match ended.‎ 单句写作 ‎④你提到你教我英语作为回报，这恰恰正是我想要的。(2015·四川高考书面表达)‎ You mentioned that you_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_which is exactly what I want.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Under our teacher's careful guidance (guide), we finished our homework in advance.‎ ‎2．The man should be condemned for his cruelty (cruel) to his wife.‎ ‎3．It does serious harm to children's character that too much violence (violent) is shown on television.‎ ‎4．He was_attacked (attack) by a dog when he was walking along the street.‎ ‎5．This position is equally (equal) suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.‎ ‎6．Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape being_fired (fire) by his boss.‎ ‎7. With the speeches finished, we voted to_choose (choose) the monitor.‎ ‎8．People in all countries want a peaceful (peace) world rather than one filled with wars.‎ ‎9．Though he has met with many difficulties over the past two years, he is still hopeful (hope)．‎ ‎10．High school education (educate) is very important for students, because it can help them to choose their future.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He often lent me a hand when I was in trouble, to which I was grateful.to→for ‎2．Hopeful, I'll be able to stay at home for three weeks this time.Hopeful→Hopefully ‎3．Nowadays many school children devote too much time to play computer games.play→playing ‎4．Founding in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.Founding→Founded ‎5．To our delight, over 60% of the members voted the plan which ‎ was beneficial to air quality.voted后加for Ⅲ.一句多译/句型转换 ‎1．我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。‎ ‎①I gave him a book bought from Shanghai in_reward_for_his_help. (reward n．)‎ ‎②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_I gave him a book which was bought from Shanghai. (reward n．)‎ ‎③I_rewarded_him_with_a_book which I bought from Shanghai for his help. (reward v．)‎ ‎2．He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.‎ ‎①Devoting_himself_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around. (devote vt.)‎ ‎②Devoted_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around. (devoted adj.)‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎[高考佳句]　As is known to us all, if we are in trouble, it is not our phones but our friends that can really help us out.(2014·重庆高考写作)‎ 众所周知，如果我们有困难，是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境。‎ ask for trouble　　　　 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃 get into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦 have trouble in doing sth./with sth. 做某事有困难/麻烦 take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事或困难尽力做某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to lend a hand.‎ ‎②Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently.‎ ‎③You can't imagine the trouble I had persuading (persuade) him to change his mind.‎ ‎④Thanks for the trouble you have taken to_help (help) us.‎ 补全句子 ‎⑤What worries me a lot is that I am_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information _and_using_language.‎ 让我十分担心的是我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难。‎ ‎2．turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；致力于；开始从事；查阅 ‎[教材原句]　Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?‎ 为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中turn to的含义 ‎①He is ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing them when they turn to him.求助于 ‎②After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.开始从事 ‎③You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅 ‎④Please turn to Page 40.翻到 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ turn down　　　　 关小；拒绝 turn away 拒绝……入内；把……打发走 turn up 出现；露面；调大 turn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产 turn over 打翻；翻身；移交 ‎⑤Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned_out perfect.(2017·北京高考书面表达)‎ 一些妥协是不可避免的，但视频证明是极好的。‎ ‎3．lose heart丧失勇气或信心；灰心；泄气 ‎[教材原句]　The scientist from whom we heard the good news never lost heart when he was in trouble. ‎ 我们从其口中获得好消息的科学家遇到困难时从不灰心。 ‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①put one's heart into　　　　　　 一心扑在……上 ‎②learn sth. by heart 背诵；记牢……‎ ‎③strike ... into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 ‎④heart and soul 全心全意地 ‎⑤from the bottom of one's heart 从某人的心底 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①Though beaten by the opposite team, they didn't lose heart.‎ 虽然被对方球队击败，但他们没有丧失信心。‎ ‎②As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart.‎ 由于小男孩和小女孩的记忆力非常好，他们能记住很多英语单词。‎ ‎③There is an old saying goes like this, “Nothing is too hard if you put your heart into it.”‎ 有句老话是这样说的，“世上无难事，只怕有心人”。‎ ‎4. 拟人修辞手法 The_last_thirty_years_have_seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.‎ 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。‎ ‎ (1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹，发生，经历”了某事。‎ ‎(2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness, say, experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。‎ ‎①The_year_1949_saw_the_founding of the People's Republic of China.‎ ‎1949年见证了中华人民共和国的建立。‎ ‎②The two stone lions standing in front of Tian'anmen saw/witnessed_many_great_historic _events.‎ 天安门前的这两只石狮目睹了许多重大的历史事件。‎ ‎5．“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式 ‎... only_then_did_we decide to answer violence with violence.‎ ‎……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。‎ ‎①Only by understanding and learning from each other can_we_spend those days together happily. (2014·天津高考书面表达)‎ 只有通过相互理解彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些美好的日子。‎ ‎②There's no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will_we_achieve_our_dreams. (2015·湖南高考写作)‎ 不可否认，只有我们以正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难我们才会实现我们的梦想。‎ ‎ [名师指津]　(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。(2)only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。‎ ‎③Only a few of the children haven't yet got a chance of being educated.‎ 仍有少数儿童未得到受教育的机会。‎ ‎6．the first time引导时间状语从句 I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group.‎ 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。‎ 有类似用法的词语还有：‎ ‎(1)each/every time　　 每次……的时候 next time 下次……时 the last time 上次……时 一……就……‎ ‎①The_first_time_he_met_the_girl he was struck by her wisdom and fell in love with her.‎ 他第一次遇到这个女孩就被她的睿智所打动并爱上了她。‎ ‎②Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_man in the park, he is absorbed in reading newspapers.‎ 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报。‎ ‎[名师指津]　the first time 表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for the first time ‎ 表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。‎ ‎③He became interested in the young teacher's lesson the_first_time he attended his class.He was so excited in class for_the_first_time.‎ 他第一次上课时就对这位年轻老师的课感兴趣。他第一次上课这么兴奋。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．You can't imagine the trouble I had helping (help) him out.‎ ‎2．In time we reached a stage where we had more young readers than old ones.‎ ‎3．After many failures, he finally set up his own company.‎ ‎4．Nobody seems to understand. I don't know who to turn to.‎ ‎5．The thief was_sentenced (sentence) to five months in prison because he stole things in a shop when he was out of work.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．It was in the year 2015 that he came power as the governor of this province.came后加to ‎2．The boy lost his heart when he knew he failed the exam again.去掉his ‎3．I fell in love with the city for the first time I visited it.去掉for ‎4．The boss in which company Mr King worked heard about the accident.which→whose ‎5．He pretends to understand, but as matter of fact he doesn't.as后加a Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子 ‎1．这是一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。(This is ‎ a time when)‎ This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_no telephones or no TV sets.‎ ‎2．只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系，从不与他们联系是多么傻。(only引起的倒装句)‎ Only_then_did_I_realize_that it was foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them. ‎ ‎3．我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。(the first time)‎ I was very nervous the_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall. ‎ ‎4．当他的亲戚朋友向他求助时，他总是乐于帮助他们。(turn to, be willing to do sth.)‎ When his relatives and friends_turn_to_him_for_help,_he is_always_willing_to give them a hand.‎ ‎5．这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。(see)‎ The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_village in the past two hundred years.‎ Ⅳ.句型转换 ‎1．I realized knowledge is valuable only when I had another failure in my jobseeking.‎ ‎①Only when I had another failure in my jobseeking did_I_realize knowledge is valuable.‎ ‎②It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_jobseeking_that I realized knowledge is valuable.(强调句型)‎ ‎2．The government came to power two years ago.‎ ‎→The government has_been_in_power for two years.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——定语从句(Ⅱ)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The reason for which she changed her mind is quite clear.‎ ‎2．The days when they travelled together meant a lot to him.‎ ‎3．I saw a house, the windows of which were broken.‎ ‎4．She has two sons, both of whom graduated from Harvard University.‎ ‎5．Nobody knows the reason for which she didn't attend the meeting.‎ ‎6．We went through a period when communications were very difficult in the rural areas.‎ ‎7．The children, all of whom had played the whole day long, were worn out.‎ ‎8．We visited the car factory where my uncle once worked three years ago.‎ ‎9．This is the factory that/which I visited last year.‎ ‎10．The old man has two sons, and both of them are doctors.‎ Ⅱ.用定语从句补全下列句子 ‎1．他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。‎ The reason why_he_could_not_go_there was that he was ill in bed.‎ ‎2．我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑上做的时代。‎ We are living in an age when_many_things_are_done on computer.‎ ‎3．毕业以后，他回到那个他长大的小镇上。‎ After graduation he returned to the small town where/in_which_he_grew_up.‎ ‎4．我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。‎ I don't like the way that/in_which_you_speak_to_your_parents.‎ ‎5．那间在大火中被毁坏的屋子已经被重新修好了。‎ The house which_was_destroyed_in_the_terrible_fire has been repaired.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作练扩写——让意蕴更丰满 ‎[题目要求]‎ 今天是国际妇女节。英语课上老师要求你用英文介绍一名对你有深刻影响的女性。要点如下：‎ ‎1．她对你的影响；‎ ‎2．你想对她说的话。‎ 请把下面短文扩写成100词左右的文章。‎ Today is International Women's Day. I'd like to introduce to you a woman who has a positive effect on me. The great woman is my mother. She works hard at work and takes good care of my father and me in life. ‎ Here, I really want to say something to my dear mother. I've grown up and I'm able to share what happens in life with her. ‎ Best wishes to my mom and all of you!‎ Thank you!‎ ‎[答案示例]‎ Today_is_International_Women's_Day._I'd_like_to_introduce_to_you_a_woman_who_has_a_positive_effect_on_me._The_great_woman_is_my_mother._Since_my_childhood,_she_has_been_teaching_me_what_life_is._Not_only_does_my_mom_work_hard_at_work,_but_she_also_takes_good_care_of_my_father_and_me_in_life._Faced_with_difficulty_or_trouble,_she_still_carries_on._What_I_learn_from_her_will_never_be_forgotten.‎ Here,_I_really_want_to_say_something_to_my_dear_mother._I've_grown_up_and_I'm_able_to_share_what_happens_in_life_with_her,_no_matter_how_tough_it_is._As_a_student,_I've_made_up_my_mind_to_study_harder_in_the_following_days_before_the_College_Entrance_Exam.‎ Best_wishes_to_my_mom_and_all_of_you!‎ Thank_you!‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Bessie Coleman Born in Texas, Coleman moved to Chicago to find a job, but she became interested in the stories she heard from pilots returning from World War Ⅰ.However, her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the U．S., so she made her way to France where she could learn flying.When she returned to Chicago, Coleman had difficulty finding jobs, so she chose to be a stunt (特技) pilot.She was the first black female pilot in the U．S.and was an inspiration to early pilots and to African Americans and Native Americans.‎ Bessica Raiche Bessica Raiche drove a car, shot guns and practiced medicine.Besides, she was an accomplished artist and musician.But on Oct.13, 1910, Raiche became the first American woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself.Raiche's aviation career (航空职业) was short, as she moved to Southern California to focus on her career in medicine, later becoming president of the Orange County Medical Association.‎ Willa Brown Willa Brown was the first African American woman to earn both a pilot's license (1938) and a commercial license (1939)．As a former schoolteacher and social worker, Brown set up the Coffey School of Aeronautics at Chicago's Harlem Airport, which later became the first governmentapproved aviation training school for African Americans.‎ Peggy Whitson At 57, Peggy Whitson was the world's oldest spacewoman.She has spent 500 days off Earth — more than any other woman, and in 2008, she became the first female commander of the International Space Station (ISS)．She made her eighth space walk on March 30, 2017 and she beat the current record for women of 50 hours and 40 minutes of total spacewalking time.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四位女性飞行员。‎ ‎1．Why did Bessie Coleman move to France?‎ A．To acquire stunt skills.‎ B．To find a wellpaid job.‎ C．To take part in World War Ⅰ.‎ D．To achieve her flying dream.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第一段的“her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the U．S., so she made her way to France where she could learn flying”可知，Bessie Coleman到法国是想实现自己成为飞行员的梦想。‎ ‎2．Who made a contribution to aviation education?‎ A．Bessie Coleman.　 　 　　 B．Bessica Raiche.‎ C．Willa Brown. D．Peggy Whitson.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第三段的最后一句可知，Willa Brown 创办了第一所政府支持的非裔美国人飞行训练学校。‎ ‎3．What can we know about Peggy Whitson?‎ A．She enjoyed her journey in space.‎ B．She set some surprising records.‎ C．She devoted herself to building the ISS.‎ D．She set other black women an example.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。由最后一段可知，宇航员Peggy Whitson创造了几项世界纪录。‎ ‎4．Which of the following do the four share?‎ A．They are outstanding women pilots.‎ B．They suffered discrimination at work.‎ C．They never received good education.‎ D．They have shown great creativity.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“Raiche became the first American woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself”以及第三段和第四段的内容可推知，这四位都是杰出的女飞行员。‎ B Krubera Cave in the western Caucasus Mountains is the deepest known cave in the world. An international team prepared to descend into Krubera. The team members hoped to be the first cavers to reach a depth of 2,000 meters, brought five tons of equipment and other necessities with them, and established camps at key locations along the route. They worked for up to 20 hours each day.‎ In the third week, progress was blocked at 1,775 meters by a sump — a cave passage filled with water that gives cavers few options. There are basically three techniques available: dive through it, empty it, or go ‎ around it. Gennadiy Samokhin dove to the bottom but was disappointed. “No chance to get through，” he said. Searching for a way around the sump, Garcia Dils risked entering a waterfall of near freezing water and discovered that his dry suit had holes in it. “The water was so cold I lost the feeling in my fingers，” he said later. He, too, was unsuccessful.‎ Finally, two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the Way to the Dream. The team was exhilarated. The passage led to yet another sump at 1,840 meters. After a short test dive, Samokhin emerged, smiling. There was a promising passage, he reported. But it would have to wait. After nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.‎ Four weeks later, a team of nine Ukrainian cavers led by Yuri Kasjan went back to Krubera. Following the path opened by the previous team, they reached the sump at 1,840 meters relatively quickly. After much searching, a pit (坑), later named the Millennium Pit, was discovered that allowed them to pass the 2,000 meter depth. More pits and passages led them to 2,080 meters, a spot they named Game Over. But the caving game is never over. Deeper caves will probably continue to be discovered and call out to be explored.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴——库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程。‎ ‎5．Why did the team return to the surface after nearly four weeks?‎ A．They were lacking in supplies.‎ B．They had achieved their goal.‎ C．They couldn't go through the sump.‎ D．They gave their task to Yuri Kasjan's team.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After nearly four weeks,‎ ‎ with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.”可知，因为物资逐渐短缺，探察洞穴者才被迫返回地面。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined word “exhilarated” probably mean?‎ A．Cheerful. B．Powerful.‎ C．Confused. D．Exhausted.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the Way to the Dream”可知，两名队员找到了通过水坑的通道，所以他们很高兴，故选A。‎ ‎7．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．The features of Krubera Cave.‎ B．Famous caves around the world.‎ C．A journey of exploring Krubera Cave.‎ D．The importance of exploring Krubera Cave.‎ 解析：选C　主旨大意题。本文讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴——库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程，故选C。‎ C We have slow food, slow travel, even slow journalism.The slow food movement reminds us of the value of locally produced, seasonal foods, just as slow travel brings us back to local traditions we miss as we fly off in search of peak experiences.In a 24hour news era, slow journalism avoids the demands of the breaking story, revisiting and reflecting on old news.In almost every area of life, we are turning towards a world, where time is not a luxury (奢侈品) but a resting place and slowness is almost a necessity.‎ But that doesn't happen in schools.Courses are forced into short half ‎ terms.From the moment we go through school gates to the time we get out again a few short hours later, there must be activity, busyness and speed.Reflection is out.We don't give students the time they need to read and they turn to secondrate substitutes instead.Why read Plato when you can read a book about Plato? The answer is that what Plato wrote is much more interesting, dramatic and enjoyable than any of the thousands of books that have been written about him.‎ I once met a friend, a published poet.“How's the poetry going？” I asked.“It's been a good week，” he replied.“I wrote three lines.” Would we accept that rate of return from our students?‎ Slow teaching means giving students time to read and think.How often do we demand immediate answers to our questions? Silence is more often uncomfortable than golden in the classroom.Slow teaching also means resisting the temptation (诱惑) to finish every discussion and bring thinking to an end.Slow teaching encourages us to work for as long as the topic demands, Additionally, slow teaching means giving students time to explore the natural world and scientific concepts and time to go outside the curriculum and further explore it.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在其他行业，人们似乎已经接受了慢节奏的生活方式，但在教育领域，慢节奏的教学仍遥不可及。‎ ‎8．What is suggested in the first paragraph?‎ A．People find it a luxury to enjoy time.‎ B．Being slow is becoming a movement.‎ C．Slowness is a recognized culture now.‎ D．It is difficult for people to slow down.‎ 解析：‎ 选C　推理判断题。结合第一段提到的慢饮食、慢旅行和慢新闻以及它们带来的好处可推知，慢节奏的活动已成为人们认可的一种文化。‎ ‎9．What can we know about students' present situation?‎ A．They live in a fastpaced world.‎ B．They are more silent than active.‎ C．They mainly focus on reflecting.‎ D．They lack good reading materials.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第二段的“there must be activity, busyness and speed.Reflection is out. We don't give students the time they need to read”，第三段的最后一句和最后一段可知，学校课程紧张，学生学习忙碌，甚至没有足够的时间思考、阅读、探索，即学生们处于一个快节奏的世界。‎ ‎10．How can students benefit from slow teaching?‎ A．They needn't have a long teaching period.‎ B．They can bring an end to every discussion.‎ C．They have enough time to think and learn.‎ D．They needn't answer every question in class.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知，通过慢教学，学生可以有足够的时间进行阅读、思考、探索和学习等。‎ ‎11．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A．Should school curriculums be changed?‎ B．It's time for a slow teaching revolution C．The way we read should be changed D．Is a speeddriven world out of date?‎ 解析：选B　标题归纳题。本文主要表达了作者的一种主张，即slow teaching：减慢教学速度，给学生充分阅读、思考和探索的时间。‎ D Stephen Hawking Warns Humans Must Leave Earth Soon Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.‎ Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen.”‎ Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years' time and send people to Mars by 2025”．‎ According to the BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “A new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)．”‎ Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He ‎ continued, “Our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species. We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”‎ The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.‎ 语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。‎ ‎12．According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?‎ A．To send people to Mars.‎ B．To build a lunar base.‎ C．To send astronauts to the Moon.‎ D．To change the future of humanity.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。‎ ‎13．The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．‎ A．speeded up B．stored C．used up D．explored 解析：选C　词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。‎ ‎14．What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future?‎ A．Pessimistic. B．Confused.‎ C．Positive. D．Indifferent.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。‎ ‎15．The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that ________.‎ A．the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B．humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C．a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D．astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Some people choose to live in a flat sharing with others.Others can't imagine leaving their perfect flats to live with lots of other people.‎ If you live alone, you're responsible for your own space.If you need your quiet space, you're guaranteed to have it.__1__ And you can catch ‎ up with work without being interrupted or have a long and undisturbed bath.‎ However, there's no one around if you need a helping hand.If something gets broken, you'll have to fix it yourself.__2__ You don't have friends at home to invite you out and help you meet people.There's no one at home to have a cup of tea with and talk about how your day was.‎ ‎__3__ Sometimes when you get home, the cake your colleague gave you as a thankyou present is mysteriously gone.Whenever you want a relaxing bath, there's no hot water left and someone wants to come in every five minutes.It's also rarely quiet.Someone always seems to have a birthday party when you want to go to bed early.‎ But in spite of all that, there can be some wonderful moments, like waking up to the sound of the hoover (吸尘器)．__4__ And when you come home after a long day, you find your housemates making pizza with leftover vegetables while you watch a film.__5__‎ So, what's your choice?‎ A．You can be alone quite a lot.‎ B．That's when it all seems worth it.‎ C．You don't have to share the sofa with anyone.‎ D．Living alone has become more popular in recent years.‎ E．It's not all good when you live with other people, though.‎ F．You will realize how important your friends and family are.‎ G．You will realize someone else is doing the cleaning for a change.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了独自生活以及与别人合住的优缺点。‎ ‎1．选C　本空承接上文，是对上一句“If you need your quiet ‎ space, you're guaranteed to have it.”的举例：如果你需要安静的空间，你肯定会拥有它。你不需要和别人分享沙发。‎ ‎2．选A　本空后两句是对这一处内容的具体说明：你不会收到舍友的外出邀请，也没有人和你在家里边喝茶边聊天；由此可推知，本空是指你会经常感到孤独。‎ ‎3．选E　根据下文内容可知，本段谈论了和别人住在一起也并不总是那么美好。‎ ‎4．选G　本空承接上一句中提到的那些美妙时刻中的一种情况：在吸尘器的声音中醒来，你会意识到有人正在打扫房间。‎ ‎5．选B　本空是对最后一段内容的概括：这些美妙的时刻会使你感到做出和别人住在一起这个选择是值得的。‎