2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit5Firstaid单元学案（16页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit5Firstaid单元学案（16页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit5First aid单元学案 单元基础词汇语法回顾 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．In the garden we can find a ________(各种各样的)of plants.‎ ‎2．It is ________(至关重要的)that schools teach students to use computer technology.‎ ‎3．He said ______(温和地)to me that he didn't mean to upset me.‎ ‎4．She was sentenced to twenty years' imprisonment for ________(毒害) and attempted murder.‎ ‎5．An ________(救护车)arrived in five minutes after the accident.‎ ‎6．Having a fever or cold is the ________(症状)that you have fallen ill.‎ ‎7．The cut on his leg ________(流血)a lot when he was hurt yesterday.‎ ‎8．The law should ________(适用于)to all of the people living here.‎ ‎9．His foot was very ________(肿胀的)after the big accident.‎ ‎10．It's my ________(请客)；what would you like?‎ 答案 ‎1．variety　2.vital　3.mildly　4.poisoning　5.ambulance ‎6．symptom　7.bled　8.apply　9.swollen　10.treat Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The group tried to put ________ (press) on the government to act.‎ ‎2．The driver of the car received serious ________ (injure) to the legs and arms.‎ ‎3．This gas is highly ________ (poison)，so don't touch it.‎ ‎4．The expert has a language barrier in attending such an important meeting, but he should be praised for his ________ (brave)．‎ ‎5．The operation is very complex; besides, the long time needed is ________(bear)．‎ ‎6．We need some bandages and a pair of ________ (scissor) to deal with the simple operation.‎ ‎7．He was ________ (mild) surprised at the news.‎ ‎8．The passengers ________ (tight) packed in the train.‎ ‎9．There are various ________ (treat) available for this condition.‎ ‎10．Modernday horse breeds come in a wide ________ (various) of shapes and sizes.‎ ‎11．Tom got ________ (injure) in the traffic accident.‎ ‎12．Everything for the party is ________ place, so you needn't worry.‎ ‎13．It is vital ________ (give) proper first aid in an ‎ emergency.‎ ‎14．The house ________ (belong) to Mr Green was destroyed in the fire.‎ ‎15．It was her sense of humour ________ put me at ease.‎ ‎16．She was swimming in the river ________ a heavy rain poured down.‎ ‎17．Having ________ good knowledge of first aid is necessary.‎ ‎18．There was no doubt ________ the beauty of the countryside impressed us.‎ ‎19．Few of the students have put their hands ________ the materials for their compositions.‎ ‎20．Don't get ________ (involve) in their meaningless quarrel.‎ 答案 ‎1．pressure　2.injuries　3.poisonous　4.bravery ‎5．unbearable　6.scissors　7.mildly　8.tightly ‎9．treatments　10.variety　11.injured　12.in ‎13．to give　14.belonging　15.that　16.when ‎17．a　18.that　19.on　20.involved Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．Don't take anything away. Father likes everything to be in the place.________‎ ‎2．Tom honored for his bravery after what he had done for others the other day.________‎ ‎3．The large number of private cars show that our incomes are increasing.________‎ ‎4．What is most important is that we should apply theory for practice.________‎ ‎5．There is no doubt whether it is his achievements that have won him the Nobel Prize.________‎ ‎6．Though warning again and again, the young man still drove after drinking, leading to his being fined.________‎ 答案 ‎1．去掉the　2.Tom后加was　3.show改为shows ‎4．for改为to　5.whether改为that　6.warning改为warned Ⅳ.语法填空 An old proverb says，“Friends are like wine; the older, the better.”So, nowadays many people consider old friends to be __1__ (important) than new friends. For example, if two pieces of advice are given to solve a problem, one from a new friend and the other from __2__ old friend, people always tend to adapt the latter one, __3__ the new friend's advice may be better.‎ ‎__4__ (disagree) with the old proverb, I believe that new friends are not __5__ (necessary) worse than old friends. Why? Because the __6__ (long) of time cannot determine whether your friendship is better or not.‎ Once you call someone friend, he must be a reliable person, __7__ interests are in common with __8__ (you). As time goes by, a friend's outside look may change, but the inside characters ‎ of him and his interests __9__ (change). It is just these unchangeable characters and interests that make him a friend to you. __10__， on this point, there is no difference between old friends and new friends.‎ 答案 ‎1．more important　2.an　3.though/although ‎4．Disagreeing　5.necessarily　6.length　7.whose ‎8．yours　9.will not change　10.Thus/Therefore/So Ⅴ.短文改错 Xihaigu is in the southern part of the Ningxia Hui autonomous region. Locating on the Loess Plateau (黄土高原), it faces rain lack and extreme poor living conditions. The UN had regarded it as one place that is difficult to live in. So in spite of the tough conditions, there are quite few rural teachers who work there. They do your best to perform their various duty with great devotion. China currently has over to 3 million rural teachers teaching more than 40 million rural children. According by the Ministry of Education, between 2010 and 2013, the number of rural teachers falls from 4.73 million to 3.3 million.‎ 答案 Xihaigu is in the southern part of the Ningxia Hui autonomous region. on the Loess Plateau (黄土高原), it faces rain lack and poor living conditions. The UN regarded it as one place that is difficult to live in. in spite of the ‎ tough conditions, there are quite few rural teachers who work there. They do best to perform their various with great devotion. China currently has over 3 million rural teachers teaching more than 40 million rural children. According the Ministry of Education, between 2010 and 2013, the number of rural teachers from 4.73 million to 3.3 million.‎ 单元能力训练与技巧指导 阅读理解组块专练——练速度 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life. In many emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make a difference.‎ Firstaid measures depend upon the victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to ‎ permanent spinal (脊柱的) injury and paralysis (瘫痪)．‎ Despite the variety of injuries, several principles of first aid can apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking people around or the injured person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes (糖尿病) or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.‎ First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether lifethreatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim's condition is known as the acronym (首字母缩略词) ABC, which stands for：‎ A—Airway: Is it open and clear?‎ B—Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen and feel for breathing.‎ C—Circulation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.‎ 1.Before we offer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us to ________.‎ A．make sure what to do and what not to do B．refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid C．remove the medical card he/she may take D．take him/her to a hospital at once 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Knowing what not to do ... knowing what to do.”可知A项正确。‎ ‎2．When giving first aid to a victim, you should first of all ________.‎ A．remove him/her from the accident scene B．turn him/her over C．call for professional medical help D．examine him/her carefully 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句话“The first step is to call for professional medical help.”可知，首先是寻找专业的医疗帮助，故选C。‎ ‎3．You may assess a victim's condition by all the following EXCEPT ________.‎ A．checking whether there is a pulse B．looking, listening and feeling for breathing C．measuring his/her blood pressure D．examining whether the airway is open and clear 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知A、B、D三项均表述正确，而C项没有提及，故应选C。‎ B Sometimes very odd things show up in ordinary places. In the ‎ ‎1800s, a strange sight began to be reported by farmers. Then in the 1970s, this strange event began to happen more and more often. People traveled for miles to stand in the fields and take photos of something they couldn't easily explain. What were they looking at? It was the crop circles — large and complex (复杂的) designs set into the middle of ordinary farm fields. No one could understand how these huge designs were made.‎ Crop circles are found most often in fields of wheat, corn, or rice. They are usually created overnight, although some are reported to have appeared during the day. They have been seen all around the world, in more than 70 different countries. Scientists have found that the plants inside a crop circle are drier than the ones outside it. The plant stems (茎) are bent and not broken in most crop circles, and sometimes the soil in the design has more iron than the soil outside of the design. Unfortunately, these facts alone do not help scientists answer their questions about crop circles. These facts only make them more mysterious.‎ Some people believe crop circles are made by UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) landing in farm fields. Others think aliens (外星人) are leaving us messages in the beautiful designs. Still others believe Earth energy under the ground makes plants bend over in designs. Some people say they actually made the crop circles with special equipment. Scientists have found some crop circles that are certainly made by people, but ‎ they are usually a little different from other crop circles. So who makes crop circles and why they make them can't be explained to this very day.‎ ‎4．What does the underlined word “odd” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．Big.　　　　　　　　　 B．Bad.‎ C．Unreal. D．Unusual.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“a strange sight, something they couldn't easily explain”以及“No one could understand how”可知，这些提示信息均指向一些人们无法理解的不寻常的事情。‎ ‎5．It's generally thought that crop circles ________.‎ A．are made during the night B．happen in the same places C．are found in terrible places D．have very frightening designs 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are usually created overnight”可知，人们普遍认为麦田怪圈是一夜之间形成的。‎ ‎6．Which of the following have the scientists proved?‎ A．Some crop circles are manmade.‎ B．UFOs help create some crop circles.‎ C．There actually are crop circles made by aliens.‎ D．Earth energy is one reason for crop circles' appearance.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Scientists have found some crop circles that are certainly made by people”可知，科学家已经证实有一些麦田怪圈是有人蓄意为之。‎ ‎7．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．The History of Crop Circles B．Different Designs of Crop Circles C．Crop Circles: The Unsolved Mystery D．Crop Circles: The Great Influence on Farms 解析：选C　标题归纳题。文章第一段点出“No one could understand how these huge designs were made”，最后一段中的“who makes crop circles and why they make them can't be explained to this very day”再次点明文章的主题，即：麦田怪圈一直是个不解之谜。故C项作标题概括了文章主旨。‎ C Are you at least 17 years old? Do you weigh more than 110 pounds? Do you consider yourself fairly healthy?‎ If you answered yes to all of these questions, you should be donating (捐赠) blood every two months. In my survey of my schoolmates, I found that only 50 percent of them have ever donated blood and that only 1 out of 13 of them donate regularly. The lack (缺少) of blood donors is a serious problem that requires immediate action.‎ According to the American Red Cross Web pages, in the United States alone someone receives a blood transfusion (输血) once every three seconds. People who benefit from donations include ‎ cancer patients as well as babies. The need for blood never takes a vacation and neither should donors.‎ Let me tell you about Brooke, a threeyearold girl with cancer. Brooke has spent about half of her life in the hospital receiving treatments. Her treatment will require about 500 units of blood in total, of which only 250 units have been replaced. She still needs the other half of the total amount to continue her treatment. If she doesn't receive this blood, she will not live to start kindergarten.‎ Examples like Brooke's are becoming all too common these days, with only 1 in 20 Americans donating blood and this number keeps dropping each year. These facts are extremely worrying considering that nearly half of us here will need blood sometime in our lives.‎ You can now see the seriousness of the problem with the lack of blood donations. Fortunately, it is a problem that can be easily solved. Each and every one of you can be part of the solution. All you have to do is go to the nearest Red Cross and donate your blood.‎ ‎8．How does the author explain the problem mentioned in Paragraph 2?‎ A．By answering questions.‎ B．By making comparisons.‎ C．By presenting research findings.‎ D．By describing his own experiences.‎ 解析：选C　写作手法题。根据第二段中的“In my survey of my schoolmates, I found that ...”可知，作者在第二段主要是通过陈述自己的研究发现来解释说明献血者少这一问题。‎ ‎9．What can we learn from the American Red Cross Web pages?‎ A．The suffering of patients.‎ B．The strong need for blood.‎ C．The efforts of the Red Cross.‎ D．The benefits of taking vacations.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“in the United States alone someone receives a blood transfusion (输血) once every three seconds”和“The need for blood never takes a vacation”不难看出市场对血液的强烈需求。‎ ‎10．What is the purpose of the text?‎ A．To persuade people to donate blood.‎ B．To present some new medical results.‎ C．To call on people to save a little girl.‎ D．To explain the risks of blood donation.‎ 解析：选A　写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文的目的是劝说人们义务献血。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Four Ways Your Friends Can Make You Healthier Do you know that friendship is actually good for your health? Studies show that friendship can have a positive effect on physical and emotional wellbeing.__1__‎ Shop and chop fruit and vegetables together ‎__2__ Bring the groceries back to one of your homes. Then wash, chop and divide up between the two of you. Preparing for your week this way is more fun, and will give you more variety in your diet.‎ Make plans rather than meet for dinner or drinks Eating is the centerpiece of socializing, isn't it? The next time you are deciding on what to do with a friend, shy away from a meal or alcohol.__3__ Plan a chat during a hike or walk — anything to get you moving. Having a friend accompany you on a walk can keep you active and motivated.‎ ‎__4__‎ Before a big night out, take a little time with friends to sit and eat a healthy meal first. By eating a small and sensible meal together before heading out, you can help slow the absorption of alcohol. Combining your dinner with plenty of water can prevent the urge to overeat sweets.‎ Have fun being active If the only way you know how to be active is on the treadmill, think outside the box. Call up some friends, get off the couch and play a game like soccer or beach volleyball. Your friends aren't into team sports？__5__ It allows your footsteps to leave a charitable footprint in an important cause!‎ A．To get fruit and vegetables into your daily diet, start by shopping with a friend.‎ B．Sign up for a local charity (慈善) walk with friends.‎ C．Share the list with someone close to you — then get your health on!‎ D．Sit down for a proper meal before a night on the town E．Friends can help you motivated to stay active.‎ F．Instead, choose to catch up with your friends by doing something active.‎ G．Learn more tips about healthy eating.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，朋友能让我们变得更健康，你相信吗？作者列举了四种方式，不妨照做一番，体验一下效果！‎ ‎1．选C　本空设在首段结尾，其后列出四种方式，由此可推测该空应承上启下，引出下面的four ways，由此可知，C项“把这份清单跟亲近的人分享——然后开始你的健康之旅吧！”符合语境。‎ ‎2．选A　本段的小标题是“一起去买来并切好水果和蔬菜”。空后讲的是把买到的食品杂货带回家，然后清洗、切块，两人分享。由此推断该空应该是先去逛街买水果和蔬菜，故选A项“把水果和蔬菜列入你的日常饮食，首先，跟朋友购物去吧”。‎ ‎3．选F　空前说下次你决定要跟朋友一起做什么的时候，避免吃饭或喝酒。由此可推断，该空要给出建议，既然不要吃饭、喝酒，那应该如何呢？用instead引起下文，与语境相吻合，故选F项“相反，选择通过做些有活力的事情来赶上朋友们的步伐吧”。‎ ‎4．选D　很明显，该空是此段的小标题。浏览本段可知，作者建议外出吃大餐之前，要跟朋友们花点儿时间坐下来先吃点健康的食物……由此可锁定D项“‎ 晚上去娱乐场所玩之前，先坐下来吃一顿合适的饭”为本段小标题。‎ ‎5．选B　如果你的朋友们不喜欢(aren't into)团队运动怎么办呢？那就跟他们一起报名参加当地的慈善行走吧。故选B项。根据空后的charitable(慈善的)可锁定B项中的charity。‎